A method for the real-time estimation of the total consumption of a fluid, in particular water or gas, distributed from a unit (A) to users (b1, b2...) via a network of supply pipes (E) with a branch (d1, d2...), for each user, fitted with a counter (c1, c2...) of the fluid consumed by the user, which method involves defining cohorts of users having homogeneous behaviour with regard to the consumption of fluid; defining, for at least one of these cohorts, a sample of users from the cohort that is statistically sufficient to represent the cohort; fitting only the branches of the users of each sample with a remote reading device (t1, t2,...) for reading the consumption; also fitting remote reading devices to the branches of the users of the other cohorts that have not been sampled; and processing the information provided by the remote reading devices to obtain a real-time value representative of the total consumption of the network.
G06Q 10/06 - Ressources, gestion de tâches, des ressources humaines ou de projetsPlanification d’entreprise ou d’organisationModélisation d’entreprise ou d’organisation
METHOD FOR EXTRACTION HEAT FROM AN EFFLUENT, ESPECIALLY WASTE WATER, CIRCULATING IN A CONDUIT, HEAT EXCHANGER AND MATERIAL FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
The invention relates to a method for extracting heat from an effluent (2) circulating in a conduit (1), especially a waste water collector, according to which a heat exchanger (E) is installed, at least in the bottom of the conduit, said heat exchanger (E) lying in the effluent and being formed by coating tubes (3) with sufficiently heat-conductive concrete cast around the tubes intended for the circulation of a heat-transfer fluid, the heat exchange with the effluent of the conduit being carried out through the moulded coating. The concrete (4) of the coating consists of at least 50 weight % of silicon carbide, a load of needles made of a heat-conductive and mechanically resistant material, a binding agent and the remainder of alumina, metal powder or carbon.
F28D 1/06 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations fixes pour une seule des sources de potentiel calorifique, les deux sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi de la canalisation, dans lesquels l'autre source de potentiel calorifique est une grande masse de fluide, p. ex. radiateurs domestiques ou de moteur de voiture avec canalisations d'échange de chaleur faisant partie du réservoir contenant la masse du fluide ou lui étant fixées
F28D 7/00 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations tubulaires fixes pour les deux sources de potentiel calorifique, ces sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi d'une canalisation
F28D 21/00 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur non couverts par l'un des groupes
F28F 21/04 - Structure des appareils échangeurs de chaleur caractérisée par l'emploi de matériaux spécifiés de céramiqueStructure des appareils échangeurs de chaleur caractérisée par l'emploi de matériaux spécifiés de bétonStructure des appareils échangeurs de chaleur caractérisée par l'emploi de matériaux spécifiés de pierre naturelle
E03F 3/04 - Canalisations ou accessoires spécialement adaptés aux égouts
F16L 9/08 - Tuyaux rigides en béton, en ciment ou en ciment à l'amiante, avec ou sans armature
F28F 1/40 - Éléments tubulaires ou leurs ensembles avec moyens pour augmenter la surface de transfert de chaleur, p. ex. avec des ailettes, avec des saillies, avec des évidements les moyens étant uniquement à l'intérieur de l'élément tubulaire
Method for extracting heat from an effluent flowing in a duct (2), in particular a wastewater collection device. In said method, a heat exchanger (E) that is submerged in the effluent is mounted at least on the bottom of the duct, the heat exchanger (E) being formed by coating tubes (3) with a material that is sufficiently heat-conducting, is poured around the tubes, and hardens in situ. A heat transfer fluid flows in the tubes (3), the heat being transferred from the effluent in the duct through the molded coating, the upper surface of the poured material being in direct contact with the effluent flowing in the duct. The coating is composed of multiple layers having different material properties, i.e. a layer (9) of heat insulation material between the tubes (3) and the wall of the duct (2), a layer (10) of heat conducting material between the tubes and the effluent, in contact with the tubes, and an abrasion-resistant layer (11) on the surface, in contact with the effluent.
Disclosed is a system for extracting heat from an effluent duct (2), in particular a wastewater collection device, comprising, in the zones of the inner duct wall located above the effluent, heat exchanger tubes (3) which are exposed to the atmosphere in the duct and through which a heat transfer fluid flows to recover some of the sensible heat and of the latent condensation heat from the steam generated by the effluent. A forced-convection device (9) is provided to generate a movement of air sweeping across the surface of the effluent (1) and increase the evaporation rate of the effluent.
The invention relates to a device (D) for extracting heat from a wastewater collector, comprising a heat exchanger (Ea) to be submerged in the wastewater stream and means for establishing a connection between a heat-transfer fluid circuit in the exchanger and heat-transfer fluid inlet and return channels. The invention also includes a system (S) of heat-transfer fluid channels associated with the heat exchanger (Ea), which system is linked to the exchanger.
The invention relates to a method for connecting to a water distribution system, comprising: an intake (B1) installed on a pipeline (A) of the system; a pipe (G) connecting the intake to the user's equipment, said pipe being provided with a usage meter (H); and a means (C) for opening/closing the pipe upstream from the meter. A sealing means (RCD) is provided downstream from the intake (B1), which means can close automatically when a flow threshold value is exceeded either intentionally or unintentionally, and which can also be opened or closed by means of a remote control such that a curb box is no longer necessary.
The invention relates to a method for replacing an underground lead pipe, in particular a water pipe, without digging a trench, by digging a hole (3, 4) at at least either end of the pipe (1) to be replaced and drawing the replacement pipe (12) from one hole to the other; in a first step, the route of the pipe to be replaced is identified from the ground surface by connecting an electric current generator onto one of the ends and using an electric cable detector on the surface; determining whether or not the identified route enables the replacement pipe to be drawn underground without any major risks; and in a second step, if the identified route is deemed to be suitable, a wave transmitter (10) capable of passing through the ground and enabling a receiver (11) to locate the position of the downstream end of the pipe from the ground surface is attached near the downstream end of the pipe (12) to be drawn, and replacement is carried out by drawing the replacement pipe underground while constantly locating the end thereof.
F16L 55/165 - Dispositifs pour aveugler les fuites dans les tuyaux ou manches à partir de l'intérieur du tuyau par introduction d'un tuyau dans la section endommagée
F16L 55/48 - Indication de la position du hérisson ou du chariot dans le tuyau ou dans la conduite
G01V 3/08 - Prospection ou détection électrique ou magnétiqueMesure des caractéristiques du champ magnétique de la terre, p. ex. de la déclinaison ou de la déviation fonctionnant au moyen de champs magnétiques ou électriques produits ou modifiés par les objets ou les structures géologiques, ou par les dispositifs de détection
The invention relates to an installation (1) for removing heat from a fluid flowing in a pipe, wherein the installation comprises at least one heat exchanger (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) which has direct contact with the fluid flowing in the pipe. The heat exchanger forms a vessel (5), which comprises a circulating heat transfer medium, and feed and discharge lines (8) for the heat transfer medium from and to a heat pump. The installation is characterized in that the design thereof is such that a heat exchanger surface formed by the same envelops an interior (3) of the pipe.
F28D 1/06 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations fixes pour une seule des sources de potentiel calorifique, les deux sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi de la canalisation, dans lesquels l'autre source de potentiel calorifique est une grande masse de fluide, p. ex. radiateurs domestiques ou de moteur de voiture avec canalisations d'échange de chaleur faisant partie du réservoir contenant la masse du fluide ou lui étant fixées
F28D 7/00 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations tubulaires fixes pour les deux sources de potentiel calorifique, ces sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi d'une canalisation
F28D 7/10 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations tubulaires fixes pour les deux sources de potentiel calorifique, ces sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi d'une canalisation les canalisations étant disposées l'une dans l'autre, p. ex. concentriquement
F28D 9/00 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations fixes en forme de plaques ou de laminés pour les deux sources de potentiel calorifique, ces sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi d'une canalisation
F28F 21/08 - Structure des appareils échangeurs de chaleur caractérisée par l'emploi de matériaux spécifiés de métal
E03F 3/04 - Canalisations ou accessoires spécialement adaptés aux égouts
F28F 9/22 - Dispositions pour diriger les sources de potentiel calorifique dans des compartiments successifs, p. ex. aménagement des plaques de guidage
9.
Heat exchanger and installation for extracting heat from waste water
A heat exchanger system extracts heat from sewer waste water. Preferably, a first surface is narrow band in an interior surface of a pipe, and the band is preferably oriented transverse to a direction of fluid flow. In the case of a horizontal pipe, the band may be a partial band, and may be limited substantially to a wetted portion of the pipe in order to reduce the size of the band.
F28F 19/00 - Prévention de la formation de dépôts ou de la corrosion, p. ex. en utilisant des filtres
F28F 13/18 - Dispositions pour modifier le transfert de chaleur, p. ex. accroissement, diminution par application de revêtements, p. ex. absorbant les radiations ou les réfléchissantDispositions pour modifier le transfert de chaleur, p. ex. accroissement, diminution par application d'un traitement de surface, p. ex. un polissage
Process for making use of groundwater collected by drilling, employing at least two successive levels of pumping (2, 7) of the water before sending it to a treatment factory, specifically a primary pumping (2) in which water is pumped out of a sector where the groundwater is rapidly recharged and where it benefits from a natural filtration through the earth, the water produced by this first pumping being directed into an artificial open-air re-feeder basin (5) from where, as it filters down to the aquifer, it undergoes filtration for a second time in an oxidizing aerated medium, and a secondary pumping (7) performed in the vicinity of the re-feeder basin to supply the treatment factory.
E03B 3/36 - Procédés ou installations pour obtenir ou recueillir de l'eau potable ou de l'eau courante avec augmentation artificielle du débit, p. ex. avec addition d'eau d'étang ou de rivière d'eau de ruissellement
E03B 3/12 - Obtention et captation d'eau au moyen de puits au moyen de forages tubés verticaux
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