In an apparatus comprising a chamber (3) of a reactor drops (8) of a to be converted liquid are generated by a nozzle (2) positioned in a space (7) separate from the chamber (3). The drops (8) make a free fall thought the space 7 and enter via an opening (7a) the chamber (3) where they fall onto an evaporator body (9) for evaporation, the evaporated liquid leaves a solid deposit (1), A gaseous reactant line (11) supplies a reactant gas for conversion of the solid deposit (1) on the surface of the evaporator body.
B01J 19/26 - Réacteurs du type à injecteur, c.-à-d. dans lesquels la distribution des réactifs de départ dans le réacteur est effectuée par introduction ou injection au moyen d'injecteurs
B01J 4/00 - Dispositifs d'alimentationDispositifs de commande d'alimentation ou d'évacuation
F23D 7/00 - Brûleurs dans lesquels des gouttes de combustible liquide viennent frapper une surface
F23D 9/00 - Brûleurs dans lesquels un courant de combustible liquide frappe par intermittence une surface chaude
Summary: Method and system for processing a substance in a retort (1) wherein the retort comprises at least one flow deflector internal to the retort.A substance (8) is loaded into the retort (1), the retort (1) is positioned or located in an oven (9), a first (10) and second (11) duct are attached to the retort, a heat carrier fluidum is passed through the substance (8) in the retort (1) for drying and/or heating the substance inside the retort,an indirect heat transfer is applied over the wall (3) of the retort (1) and process progress is controlled by means of a controlled indirect heat transfer and/or a flow provided into the retort inlet comprising a heat carrier fluidum.
C10B 51/00 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par emploi combiné du chauffage direct et du chauffage indirect
C10B 53/02 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières contenant de la cellulose
C10B 7/14 - Fours à coke comportant des moyens mécaniques pour le transport de la matière première à l'intérieur du four avec des trucs, récipients ou palettes
3.
BATCH-WISE OPERATED RETORT USING TEMPORARY STORAGE OF HEAT
A batch of a substance, e.g., a biomass, is processed in a batch-wise operated retort under the application of heat. The substance releases a combustible process fluid during the processing. The process fluid is combusted for generating heat. The heat is supplied to the retort and/or stored in temporary heat storage in dependence on the progress of the processing for postponed heat supply to the retort.
C10B 47/06 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides avec chauffage indirect, p. ex. par combustion externe avec charge immobile dans des cornues
C10B 53/00 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale
F23G 5/027 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un traitement préalable par pyrolyse ou par gazéification
F23G 7/06 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p. ex. des produits chimiques de gaz d'évacuation ou de gaz nocifs, p. ex. de gaz d'échappement
C10B 53/07 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières polymères synthétiques, p. ex. pneumatiques
4.
METHOD OF CONVERTING A RAW MATERIAL STREAM INTO A PRODUCT STREAM USING A FLUIDIZED BED AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN SAID METHOD
The present invention relates to a method of converting a raw material stream into a product stream by passing said raw material stream through a bed of fluidized solid particles and allowing heat exchange to occur between the bed of fluidized solid particles and the raw material stream, said method being characterized in that it alternately employs a production mode and a restoration mode to control the temperature of the bed of fluidized solid particles: -said production mode comprising passing the raw material stream through the bed of fluidized solid particles and allowing the temperature of the fluidized solid particles in the bed to decrease or to increase as a result of the production energy associated with the conversion of the raw materials stream into the product stream; and -said restoration mode comprising restoring the temperature of the bed of fluidized solid particles by passing a restoration stream through the bed of fluidized solid particles to decrease the temperature of the fluidized solid particles in case the temperature of the fluidized solid particles has increased during the production mode or to increase the temperature of the fluidized solid particles in case the temperature of the fluidized solid particles has decreased during the production mode, and that -the fluidized solid particles are kept in the same reactor. The present method enables continuous operation of the fluidized bed reactor without the need of recirculating externally heated or cooled solid bed particles and/or for special heat exchange equipment placed inside or enclosing the fluidized bed reactor.
B01J 8/26 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solidesAppareillage pour de tels procédés les particules étant fluidisées selon la technique du "lit fluidisé" comportant au moins deux lits fluidisés, p. ex. installations de réaction et de régénération
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