Abstract

In an apparatus comprising a chamber (3) of a reactor drops (8) of a to be converted liquid are generated by a nozzle (2) positioned in a space (7) separate from the chamber (3). The drops (8) make a free fall thought the space 7 and enter via an opening (7a) the chamber (3) where they fall onto an evaporator body (9) for evaporation, the evaporated liquid leaves a solid deposit (1), A gaseous reactant line (11) supplies a reactant gas for conversion of the solid deposit (1) on the surface of the evaporator body.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 19/26 - Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
• B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
• F23D 7/00 - Burners in which drops of liquid fuel impinge on a surface
• F23D 9/00 - Burners in which a stream of liquid fuel impinges intermittently on a hot surface

Abstract

Summary: Method and system for processing a substance in a retort (1) wherein the retort comprises at least one flow deflector internal to the retort.A substance (8) is loaded into the retort (1), the retort (1) is positioned or located in an oven (9), a first (10) and second (11) duct are attached to the retort, a heat carrier fluidum is passed through the substance (8) in the retort (1) for drying and/or heating the substance inside the retort,an indirect heat transfer is applied over the wall (3) of the retort (1) and process progress is controlled by means of a controlled indirect heat transfer and/or a flow provided into the retort inlet comprising a heat carrier fluidum.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10B 51/00 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating
• C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
• C10B 7/14 - Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with trucks, containers, or trays

Abstract

A batch of a substance, e.g., a biomass, is processed in a batch-wise operated retort under the application of heat. The substance releases a combustible process fluid during the processing. The process fluid is combusted for generating heat. The heat is supplied to the retort and/or stored in temporary heat storage in dependence on the progress of the processing for postponed heat supply to the retort.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 6/00 - CalciningFusing
• C10B 47/06 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge in retorts
• C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
• F23G 5/027 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels including pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying
• F23G 7/06 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
• C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of converting a raw material stream into a product stream by passing said raw material stream through a bed of fluidized solid particles and allowing heat exchange to occur between the bed of fluidized solid particles and the raw material stream, said method being characterized in that it alternately employs a production mode and a restoration mode to control the temperature of the bed of fluidized solid particles: -said production mode comprising passing the raw material stream through the bed of fluidized solid particles and allowing the temperature of the fluidized solid particles in the bed to decrease or to increase as a result of the production energy associated with the conversion of the raw materials stream into the product stream; and -said restoration mode comprising restoring the temperature of the bed of fluidized solid particles by passing a restoration stream through the bed of fluidized solid particles to decrease the temperature of the fluidized solid particles in case the temperature of the fluidized solid particles has increased during the production mode or to increase the temperature of the fluidized solid particles in case the temperature of the fluidized solid particles has decreased during the production mode, and that -the fluidized solid particles are kept in the same reactor. The present method enables continuous operation of the fluidized bed reactor without the need of recirculating externally heated or cooled solid bed particles and/or for special heat exchange equipment placed inside or enclosing the fluidized bed reactor.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations