A slow-feeder for feeding forage to an equid includes a container to hold the forage. The slow-feeder includes a feeding restrictor that is provided in the container on the forage, and that has apertures through which the equid extracts the forage from the container. The slow-feeder includes straps that connect the feeding restrictor to the container, that provide tension between the feeding restrictor and the container, and that permit the feeding restrictor to translate within the container in a vertical direction.
Compositions comprising niacin, a vitamin B3 related nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursors, or combinations thereof, are provided herein for use as a medicament, food supplement, or the like. Such compositions are provided to treat and prevent progression of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) in non-human animals, such as equids.
A61K 36/87 - Vitaceae ou Ampelidaceae (famille de la vigne ou du raisin), p. ex. raisin, vitis rotumdifolia ou vigne vierge
A61P 5/08 - Médicaments pour le traitement des troubles du système endocrinien des hormones de l'hypophyse antérieure, p. ex. TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, PRL, GH pour réduire, bloquer ou contrarier l'activité des hormones de l'hypophyse antérieure
Agricultural, horticultural and forestry products, grains and seeds; live animals, birds and fish; cuttlefish bone; bones for dogs; edible chews for animals; products for animal litter; fresh fruits and vegetables; foodstuffs and beverages for animals, birds and fish.
4.
ANIMAL FOOD COMPOSITIONS FOR SKIN BARRIER RECOVERY
The present disclosure provides a food composition for canine including from about 9.1g/Mcal to about 10.5g/Mcal of linoleic acid; from about 2.5g/Mcal to about 4g/Mcal of histidine; from about 1.0g/Mcal to about 3.0g/Mcal of EPA and/or DHA; and at least one vitamin selected from vitamin B6, vitamin C or vitamin E.
(1) Advertising, marketing and promotional services relating to confectionery, chocolate, chewing gum, mints, candy, snack foods, cereal bars and related food and beverage products; business management, business administration and business information services; market research and consumer research in the field of food, confectionery, snack food and beverages; providing consumer product information, commercial information and advice to consumers in the selection of confectionery, snack foods and related food and beverage products; and information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all the aforesaid services.
(1) Advertising, marketing and promotional services relating to confectionery, chocolate, chewing gum, mints, candy, snack foods, cereal bars and related food and beverage products; business management, business administration and business information services; market research and consumer research in the field of food, confectionery, snack food and beverages; providing consumer product information, commercial information and advice to consumers in the selection of confectionery, snack foods and related food and beverage products; and information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all the aforesaid services.
7.
INSPIRING HAPPINESS WITH BETTER SNACKS FOR BETTER DAYS
Advertising, marketing and promotional services relating to confectionery, chocolate, chewing gum, mints, candy, snack foods, cereal bars and related food and beverage products; business management, business administration and business information services; market research and consumer research in the field of food, confectionery, snack food and beverages; providing consumer product information, commercial information and advice to consumers in the selection of confectionery, snack foods and related food and beverage products; and information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all the aforesaid services.
Advertising, marketing and promotional services relating to confectionery, chocolate, chewing gum, mints, candy, snack foods, cereal bars and related food and beverage products; business management, business administration and business information services; market research and consumer research in the field of food, confectionery, snack food and beverages; providing consumer product information, commercial information and advice to consumers in the selection of confectionery, snack foods and related food and beverage products; and information, advisory and consultancy services relating to all the aforesaid services
9.
SYSTEM, METHOD, AND APPARATUS FOR TRACKING AND MONITORING PET ACTIVITY
A wearable device attachment system for a pet is provided. The wearable device attachment system comprises a flexible case configured to receive a collar charm device therein, the case having a front and a back; a clip coupled to the back of the case, the clip comprising a one-piece unit having a top member, a bottom member, a first side member, a second side member, and a transverse member, wherein the top member is distanced from and opposite to the bottom member and the first side member is distanced from and opposite to the second side member, wherein the top and bottom members are curved away from the back of the case and the clip is symmetrical about the transverse member; wherein the clip is configured to couple with a collar band, the collar band is insertable and lockable between the back of the case and the clip.
Methods and systems for determining and modulating one or more microbial metabolic activities in an environment are disclosed herein. The methods disclosed herein can be applied to a wide range of environments, including, but not limited to, aquatic environments, soil environments, and factory effluents, and may be useful for biological remediation of polluted sites or management of biological oxygen demand in factory effluents. The methods comprise obtaining one or more samples from one or more locations in an environment, sequencing a plurality of nucleic acid sequences within the samples, identifying one or more microbial metabolic signatures within the plurality of nucleic acid sequences, comparing the identified microbial metabolic signatures against one or more databases, determining one or more microbial metabolic activities that correspond to one or more of the microbial metabolic signatures identified and, optionally, modulating the microbiome in the environment to increase the determined microbial metabolic activity.
The disclosure provides a header and hanger system configured to suspend plant equipment such as a conveyor belt from a ceiling beam with minimal fabrication required on site, and with improved performance. A header assembly provides a header grip configured to be clamped to the ceiling beam. A hanger assembly provides a hanger suspended from the header grip, the hanger attaching to or otherwise supporting the plant equipment in use.
The disclosure provides a header and hanger system configured to suspend plant equipment such as a conveyor belt from a ceiling beam with minimal fabrication required on site, and with improved performance. A header assembly provides a header grip configured to be clamped to the ceiling beam. A hanger assembly provides a hanger suspended from the header grip, the hanger attaching to or otherwise supporting the plant equipment in use.
E04B 1/19 - Structures à ossature tridimensionnelle
B65G 47/61 - Dispositifs pour transférer objets ou matériaux entre transporteurs, p. ex. pour décharger ou alimenter vers des transporteurs du type suspendu, p. ex. à trolley ou à partir de ces transporteurs pour objets
A dispensing package for consumable products may include a container configured to house a plurality of consumable products. The container may include a front surface. The dispensing package may include an opening disposed on the front surface of the container and a flexible membrane covering the opening. The flexible membrane may include a slit or perforation disposed over the opening. The flexible membrane may include a food-safe material and may be affixed to an interior surface of the container. The slit or perforation may be configured with abutting or overlapping portions of the flexible membrane. The container may be configured to gravity feed the consumable products toward the opening. In a first configuration, the flexible membrane may permit dispensing of the consumable products, and in a second configuration, the flexible membrane may not permit dispensing of the consumable products.
B65D 75/58 - Dispositifs d'ouverture ou servant à retirer le contenu, ajoutés ou incorporés lors de la confection du paquet
B65D 85/60 - Réceptacles, éléments d'emballage ou paquets spécialement adaptés à des objets ou à des matériaux particuliers pour bonbons ou confiseries analogues
17.
COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS ASSOCIATED WITH CANINE ATOPIC DERMATITIS
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, an in vitro method of determining a genotype relating to canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) in a canine mammal may be provided. The method may comprise determining a presence or absence of a splice variant in a signaling lymphocytic activation molecule 1 (SLAMF1) gene of the canine mammal. The presence of the splice variant may indicate that the canine mammal is at increased risk of suffering from CAD and of passing the splice variant to its progeny.
C12Q 1/6883 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour les maladies provoquées par des altérations du matériel génétique
18.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PROCESSING A DIGITIAL MEDICAL IMAGE TO PERFORM A DIAGNOSTIC MEASUREMENT
A method for processing a digital medical image to perform a diagnostic measurement is described. The method may include receiving a digital medical image associated with a patient; detecting a first region of interest in the digital medical image, the first region including a first landmark and a second landmark; determining a first score of the digital medical image based on detected centers of the first and second landmarks, the first score representing a degree of laxity between the first landmark and the second landmark; determining a second score of the digital medical image, the second score representing a degree of proper positioning of the patient; determining a composite score based on the first score and the second score; and determining, based on the comparing of the composite score to the image selection threshold, the digital medical image is an optimal medical image for diagnosis.
G06T 7/73 - Détermination de la position ou de l'orientation des objets ou des caméras utilisant des procédés basés sur les caractéristiques
G06V 10/25 - Détermination d’une région d’intérêt [ROI] ou d’un volume d’intérêt [VOI]
G06V 10/764 - Dispositions pour la reconnaissance ou la compréhension d’images ou de vidéos utilisant la reconnaissance de formes ou l’apprentissage automatique utilisant la classification, p. ex. des objets vidéo
G06V 10/82 - Dispositions pour la reconnaissance ou la compréhension d’images ou de vidéos utilisant la reconnaissance de formes ou l’apprentissage automatique utilisant les réseaux neuronaux
G16H 50/20 - TIC spécialement adaptées au diagnostic médical, à la simulation médicale ou à l’extraction de données médicalesTIC spécialement adaptées à la détection, au suivi ou à la modélisation d’épidémies ou de pandémies pour le diagnostic assisté par ordinateur, p. ex. basé sur des systèmes experts médicaux
19.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PROCESSING A DIGITIAL MEDICAL IMAGE TO PERFORM A DIAGNOSTIC MEASUREMENT
A method for processing a digital medical image to perform a diagnostic measurement is described. The method may include receiving a digital medical image associated with a patient; detecting a first region of interest in the digital medical image, the first region including a first landmark and a second landmark; determining a first score of the digital medical image based on detected centers of the first and second landmarks, the first score representing a degree of laxity between the first landmark and the second landmark; determining a second score of the digital medical image, the second score representing a degree of proper positioning of the patient; determining a composite score based on the first score and the second score; and determining, based on the comparing of the composite score to the image selection threshold, the digital medical image is an optimal medical image for diagnosis.
A method for evaluating a decision of processing batches of maize in a selected region is provided. The method includes obtaining meteorological data in time series associated with a selected region, and predicting an amount of A. flavus and aflatoxin contamination in the time series for a plurality of batches of maize using an integrated mechanistic model based on the meteorological data. The integrated mechanistic model can comprise estimated parameters and reference parameters. The estimated parameters can be optimized based on a comparison of a historical measured data set and a historical predicted data set. The method further includes evaluating a decision of processing the batches of maize in the selected region based on the predicted amount of A. flavus and the predicted aflatoxin contamination.
A computer-implemented method for extracting body movement data from video data to determine one or more pet insights is disclosed. The method includes receiving video data of a pet from a device, wherein the video data includes a plurality of frames, processing the video data, wherein the processing includes extracting video metadata from the video data, identifying a portion of each frame of the plurality of frames that represents the pet, estimating a location of one or more keypoints of the pet in each frame portion, wherein the one or more keypoints include one or more anatomical landmarks of the pet, analyzing the one or more keypoints to determine one or more movement metrics, and outputting the one or more movement metrics to a user device.
The present disclosure relates to a method for processing an organic waste material into an organic compost comprising: a) fermenting the organic waste material comprising adding at least one or more lactic bacteria to the organic waste material wherein the step is performed under facultative anaerobic conditions and at an acidic pH, whereby a fermented organic material is obtained, b) maturing the fermented organic material obtained at step a) in aerobic conditions, whereby a maturation organic material is obtained, and c) vermicomposting the maturation organic material obtained at step b), whereby an organic compost is obtained.
C05F 17/50 - Procédés combinant au moins deux traitements différents biologiques ou biochimiques, p. ex. des traitements anaérobie et aérobie ou lombricompostage et traitement aérobie
C05F 17/05 - Traitements impliquant des invertébrés, p. ex. des vers, des mouches ou des asticots
C05F 17/10 - Addition ou élimination de substances autres que l’eau ou l’air aux ou des matières pendant le traitement
C05F 17/20 - Emploi de microorganismes ou de substances, p. ex. d'enzymes, pour activer ou stimuler le traitement
29 - Viande, produits laitiers et aliments préparés ou conservés
30 - Aliments de base, thé, café, pâtisseries et confiseries
Produits et services
Packaged meals consisting primarily of vegetables; Packaged meals consisting primarily of meat, fish, poultry or vegetables; Ready-to-eat meals comprised primarily of meats, cheese and also including pasta Pasta-based prepared meals; Tortellini; Spaghetti with meatballs; Noodles, sauce, and topping combined in unitary packages; Pasta; Pasta and noodles; Prepared pasta; Noodles, sauce, and seasoning toppings combined in unitary packages; Dipping sauces; Garlic-based sauces; Ready-made sauces; Pasta sauce; Pesto sauce; Tomato sauce; Tomato-based sauces; Spaghetti sauce; Sauces; Cooking sauces; Alfredo sauce; Edible sauces; Sauce; Herb sauces; Herb-based sauces; Canned sauces; Macaroni and cheese; Pizza; Risotto; Ready-to-eat meals consisting primarily of pasta
Methods and systems for detecting unwanted microbes, and the origins thereof, in an environment are disclosed herein. The methods disclosed herein can be applied to a wide range of environments, including, but not limited to, food production facilities, office facilities, and public facilities. The methods comprise obtaining one or more samples from one or more locations in an environment, sequencing a plurality of nucleic acid sequences within the samples, identifying one or more indicator microbial signatures or origin-indicating microbial signatures within the plurality of nucleic acid sequences, comparing the indicator microbial signatures against one or more databases, and identifying one or more unwanted microbes, and/or the origins thereof, that correspond to one or more of the microbial signatures identified.
C12Q 1/689 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour la détection ou l’identification d’organismes pour les bactéries
C12Q 1/6874 - Méthodes de séquençage faisant intervenir des réseaux d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. séquençage par hybridation [SBH]
C12Q 1/70 - Procédés de mesure ou de test faisant intervenir des enzymes, des acides nucléiques ou des micro-organismesCompositions à cet effetProcédés pour préparer ces compositions faisant intervenir des virus ou des bactériophages
34.
METHODS OF PROCESSING CHOCOLATE COVERED FROZEN FOOD PRODUCTS
A method of applying thin layers of a molten chocolate onto a frozen food product, in some instances fruit, that is at temperatures below 0° C. in such a way that prevents discoloration and brittleness of the applied chocolate.
A23G 1/30 - Produits à base de cacao, p. ex. chocolatLeurs succédanés
A23G 1/36 - Produits à base de cacao, p. ex. chocolatLeurs succédanés caractérisés par la composition caractérisés par les matières grasses utilisées
A23L 19/00 - Produits à base de fruits ou de légumesLeur préparation ou leur traitement
A23P 20/10 - Revêtement avec des produits de revêtement comestibles, p. ex. avec des huiles ou des graisses
A23P 20/18 - Appareils ou procédés de revêtement avec des produits liquides ou semi-liquides par revêtement par pulvérisation, par revêtement par lit fluidisé ou par coulée
A23P 20/20 - Fabrication de produits alimentaires feuilletés, multicouches, fourrés ou à corps creux, p. ex. par enveloppement dans des feuilles de pâte comestible préformée ou dans des récipients alimentaires comestibles
B65G 15/32 - Courroies ou porte-charges sans fin analogues en caoutchouc ou en matière plastique
The present disclosure provides a food composition for use in a method for treating and/or preventing and/or reducing the severity and/or reducing the relapse of otitis externa in a companion animal in need thereof, wherein the said food composition includes, as the sole active agents, glycyrrhizin and curcuminoid.
A23K 10/30 - Produits alimentaires pour animaux à base de matières d’origine végétale, p. ex. de racines, de graines ou de foinProduits alimentaires pour animaux à base de matières d’origine fongique, p. ex. de champignons
A23K 20/105 - Composés aliphatiques ou alicycliques
A61K 31/704 - Composés ayant des radicaux saccharide liés à des composés non-saccharide par des liaisons glycosidiques liés à un composé carbocyclique, p. ex. phloridzine liés à un système carbocyclique condensé, p. ex. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escine, daunorubicine, digitoxine
Sustainable paper-based packaging materials, e.g., paper-based food packaging materials, are described. The packaging materials are based on paper formed from fiber derived from waste biomass, such as hemp hurds, mixes containing hemp hurds and hemp bast fibers, bagasse, and cocoa pod husks. Also described are methods of making the packaging materials. The methods can include environmentally friendly pulping and/or bleaching processes.
D21H 11/12 - Pâte obtenue à partir de végétaux ou de récoltes non ligneux, p. ex. coton, lin, paille ou bagasse
D21C 3/02 - Réduction en pâte des matières contenant de la cellulose avec des bases inorganiques ou des composés à réaction alcaline, p. ex. procédés au sulfate
D21C 9/14 - Blanchiment avec des halogènes ou des composés contenant des halogènes avec ClO2 ou des chlorites
D21F 11/02 - Procédés de fabrication de longueurs continues de papier ou de carton, ou de nappe humide pour la production de panneaux de fibres, sur des machines à papier du type Fourdrinier
D21H 17/00 - Matériaux non fibreux ajoutés à la pâte caractérisés par leur constitutionMatériaux d'imprégnation du papier caractérisés par leur constitution
D21H 17/15 - Acides polycarboxyliques, p. ex. acide maléique
A method of diagnosing canine idiopathic epilepsy is provided, where the method comprises measuring the relative abundance of bacteria in a canine gut microbiome. A decrease or increase in the relative abundance of identified bacteria when compared to a reference sample can indicate the presence of idiopathic epilepsy in a canine. Methods of measuring the gut microbiota as well as methods of treating idiopathic epilepsy are also provided.
C12Q 1/6883 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour les maladies provoquées par des altérations du matériel génétique
C12Q 1/689 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour la détection ou l’identification d’organismes pour les bactéries
The present disclosure provides an animal food composition comprising hydrolyzed proteins, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), maize starch, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, and 0.26 g/Mcal or less of zeolite by weight relative to the total dry matter weight of the composition, and its use for preventing and/or treating cutaneous adverse food reaction in small dogs.
A23K 20/179 - Agents colorants, p. ex. agents de pigmentation ou de teinture
A23K 20/20 - Substances inorganiques, p. ex. oligo-éléments
A23K 20/28 - Silicates, p. ex. perlites, zéolites ou bentonites
A23K 40/25 - Mise en forme ou traitement des produits alimentaires pour animaux par extrusion
A23K 40/30 - Mise en forme ou traitement des produits alimentaires pour animaux par encapsulationMise en forme ou traitement des produits alimentaires pour animaux par revêtement
The presently disclosed subject matter relates to an in vitro method for the diagnosis or follow-up of an inflammatory disorder in a Felidae. The presently disclosed subject matter also relates to compounds, and compositions thereof, for treating an inflammatory disorder in a Felidae.
C12Q 1/689 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour la détection ou l’identification d’organismes pour les bactéries
A61K 31/201 - Acides carboxyliques, p. ex. acide valproïque ayant un groupe carboxyle lié à une chaîne acyclique d'au moins sept atomes de carbone, p. ex. acides stéarique, palmitique ou arachidique ayant une ou deux doubles liaisons, p. ex. acides oléique ou linoléique
A61K 31/202 - Acides carboxyliques, p. ex. acide valproïque ayant un groupe carboxyle lié à une chaîne acyclique d'au moins sept atomes de carbone, p. ex. acides stéarique, palmitique ou arachidique ayant au moins trois doubles liaisons, p. ex. acide linolénique
A61K 31/519 - PyrimidinesPyrimidines hydrogénées, p. ex. triméthoprime condensées en ortho ou en péri avec des hétérocycles
The present disclosure relates to a dry food composition for use in a method for treating chronic constipation in a feline in need thereof, wherein the said dry food composition includes: - from about 50g/Mcal to about 100g/Mcal of protein; - from about 25g/Mcal to about 55g/Mcal of fat; - from about 10g/Mcal to about 25g/Mcal of Ash; and - from about 15g/Mcal to about 35g/Mcal of Total Dietary Fibers (TDF), wherein the dry food composition comprises, on a dry matter basis, from about 5% to about 12% by weight of psyllium.
A23K 10/30 - Produits alimentaires pour animaux à base de matières d’origine végétale, p. ex. de racines, de graines ou de foinProduits alimentaires pour animaux à base de matières d’origine fongique, p. ex. de champignons
05 - Produits pharmaceutiques, vétérinaires et hygièniques
31 - Produits agricoles; animaux vivants
Produits et services
Dietetic foods adapted for veterinary use; nutritional
supplements for animals; nutritional supplements for
foodstuffs for animals; nutritional supplements for pets. Food and fodder for animals; beverages for pets; edible
chews for animals.
43.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TUMOR MARGIN MEASUREMENT AUTOMATION
A method for automating margin measurement for mass removal that utilizes one or more machine learning models is disclosed. The one or more machine learning models may assist in identifying and segmenting each biopsy in an image, classifying the biopsy as a clear biopsy or an ambiguous biopsy, rotating the image of the biopsy to a proper orientation, and identifying and segmenting the skin and tumor found in the image of the biopsy. The method may then determine a lateral and deep margin value and display the values on the image.
A method for automating margin measurement for mass removal that utilizes one or more machine learning models is disclosed. The one or more machine learning models may assist in identifying and segmenting each biopsy in an image, classifying the biopsy as a clear biopsy or an ambiguous biopsy, rotating the image of the biopsy to a proper orientation, and identifying and segmenting the skin and tumor found in the image of the biopsy. The method may then determine a lateral and deep margin value and display the values on the image.
A method of detecting one or more bacteria in a canine sample is described. The detection of the one or more bacteria can be used to determine or monitor the health of a canine, more specifically the gut health of a canine. Also disclosed herein is one or more bacteria for use as a biomarker to determine or monitor the health of a canine, more specifically the gut health of a canine. The one or more bacteria may have a sequence with at least 85% sequence identity, or at least 95% sequence identity, or 100% sequence identity with a sequence defined in SEQ ID NO 1-92.
C12Q 1/6883 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour les maladies provoquées par des altérations du matériel génétique
C12Q 1/689 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour la détection ou l’identification d’organismes pour les bactéries
46.
ANIMAL FOOD COMPOSITIONS WITH IMPROVED PALATABILITY AND CUSTOMIZABILITY, AND METHODS FOR PREPARING THE SAME
The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing and processing animal food compositions with improved palatability and customizability. The method comprises providing a dry food composition comprising a first coating consisting of a fat-containing composition and applying a second coating to the dry food composition, the second coating comprising a palatability enhancer product in liquid form and a palatability enhancer product in powder form. The disclosure further relates to animal food compositions and kits for preparing the same.
A23K 40/30 - Mise en forme ou traitement des produits alimentaires pour animaux par encapsulationMise en forme ou traitement des produits alimentaires pour animaux par revêtement
A23K 20/158 - Acides grasGraissesProduits contenant des huiles ou des graisses
Methods for assessing the microbiome of a canid are provided. The methods include, inter alia, detecting one or more bacterial taxa in a sample obtained from the canid, correlating the one or more bacterial taxa to a control data set, and determining the microbiome biological age.
C12Q 1/689 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour la détection ou l’identification d’organismes pour les bactéries
48.
MONITORING AND DIAGNOSTIC METHODS FOR FELINE MICROBIOME CHANGES
Methods for assessing the microbiome of a feline are provided. The methods include, inter alia, detecting one or more bacterial species in a sample obtained from the feline, comparing the one or more bacterial species to a control data set, and determining the microbiome age.
C12Q 1/689 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour la détection ou l’identification d’organismes pour les bactéries
Methods for assessing a canid's microbiome health are provided. The methods include, inter alia, detecting at least four bacterial taxa in a sample obtained from the canid.
C12Q 1/689 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour la détection ou l’identification d’organismes pour les bactéries
A cocoa pod includes a husk and cocoa beans housed within the husk. The cocoa pod is conveyed across a cutting assembly that includes blades. Conveying the cocoa pod across the cutting assembly separates a portion of the husk from a remaining portion of the husk to expose the cocoa beans. The exposed cocoa beans are separated from the remaining portion of the husk. In some cases, a major central axis of the cocoa pod relative to a horizontal plane is maintained at a predetermined non-zero angle as the cocoa pod is conveyed across the cutting assembly. In some cases, the cocoa pod is held in an upright position with a peduncle of the cocoa pod located at the top of the cocoa pod and at a predetermined height as the cocoa pod is conveyed across the cutting assembly.
A23N 5/08 - Machines à écaler, cerner ou casser les noix à retirer les enveloppes charnues ou fibreuses des noix
A23G 1/06 - Appareils à préparer ou traiter les gousses ou graines de cacao
A23G 1/04 - Appareils spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou au traitement du cacao ou des produits à base de cacao
A23N 5/00 - Machines à écaler, cerner ou casser les noix
A23N 4/24 - Machines à dénoyauter les fruits ou à extraire des fruits les parties contenant les pépins, caractérisées par leur dispositif d'extraction à extraire des fruits coupés les parties contenant les pépins
Methods for assessing a feline's microbiome health are provided. The methods include, inter alia, determining the health of a feline's microbiome comprising quantitation four or more bacterial species and determining the relative abundance of the four or more bacterial species by comparing the abundance with a control data set, wherein an increase or decrease in the abundance can be indicative of an unhealthy microbiome.
G16H 50/30 - TIC spécialement adaptées au diagnostic médical, à la simulation médicale ou à l’extraction de données médicalesTIC spécialement adaptées à la détection, au suivi ou à la modélisation d’épidémies ou de pandémies pour le calcul des indices de santéTIC spécialement adaptées au diagnostic médical, à la simulation médicale ou à l’extraction de données médicalesTIC spécialement adaptées à la détection, au suivi ou à la modélisation d’épidémies ou de pandémies pour l’évaluation des risques pour la santé d’une personne
C12Q 1/689 - Produits d’acides nucléiques utilisés dans l’analyse d’acides nucléiques, p. ex. amorces ou sondes pour la détection ou l’identification d’organismes pour les bactéries
G16H 20/60 - TIC spécialement adaptées aux thérapies ou aux plans d’amélioration de la santé, p. ex. pour manier les prescriptions, orienter la thérapie ou surveiller l’observance par les patients concernant le contrôle de l’alimentation, p. ex. les régimes
A method for evaluating a companion pet food is provided. The method comprises providing at least a first and a second pet food to a companion animal, taking one or more noncontact thermal measurements of the companion animal while interacting with the first and second pet foods, and comparing the measurements. Kits, systems and/or computer media for carrying out the method form further aspects of the invention.
MARS WRIGLEY CONFECTIONERY (CHINA) LIMITED (Chine)
Inventeur(s)
Bai, Bo
Abrégé
The present invention relates to a recyclable polyethylene composite film bag for food packaging. The composite film bag comprises at least two layers, i.e. a modified polyethylene layer for printing and a micro-foamed polyethylene layer. Optionally, the composite film bag further comprises an ultralow-temperature heat-sealable polyethylene layer. The micro-foamed polyethylene layer and the ultralow-temperature heat-sealable polyethylene layer each consists of three structural layers, each structural layer being made from a specific raw material in a specific ratio. Also provided in the present invention is a preparation method for the recyclable polyethylene composite film bag for food packaging. The polyethylene composite film bag for food packaging of the present invention has the functions of printing, bearing, moisture resistance, oxygen resistance, heat resistance, puncture resistance and heat sealing, is low-cost and meets environmental protection requirements.
The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania (USA)
Inventeur(s)
Perea, Sally Christine
Beiting, Daniel P.
Abrégé
Provided are methods for determining susceptibility of an intestinal disorder in a companion animal. These methods include measuring a first amount of a first intestinal microorganism and/or a second amount of a second intestinal microorganism in the companion animal; comparing the first amount of the first intestinal microorganism with a first reference amount of the first intestinal microorganism, and/or comparing the second amount of the second intestinal microorganism with a second reference amount of the second intestinal microorganism; and determining that the companion animal is susceptible of an intestinal disorder, when the first amount of the intestinal microorganism is higher than the first reference amount of the first intestinal microorganism, and/or when the second amount of the second intestinal microorganism is lower than the second reference amount of the second intestinal microorganism.
A23K 10/18 - Ajout de micro-organismes ou de leurs produits d’extraction, p. ex. de protéines provenant d’organismes unicellulaires, à des compositions de produits alimentaires de micro-organismes vivants
A23K 50/40 - Produits alimentaires spécialement conçus pour des animaux spécifiques pour les animaux carnivores, p. ex. pour les chats ou les chiens
A23L 33/135 - Bactéries ou leurs dérivés, p. ex. probiotiques
A61K 31/575 - Composés contenant des systèmes cycliques du cyclopenta[a]hydrophénanthrèneLeurs dérivés, p. ex. stéroïdes substitués en position 17 bêta par une chaîne d'au moins trois atomes de carbone, p. ex. cholane, cholestane, ergostérol, sitostérol
A61K 35/742 - Bactéries sporulées, p. ex. Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, clostridium ou Lactobacillus sporogenes
A61P 1/00 - Médicaments pour le traitement des troubles du tractus alimentaire ou de l'appareil digestif
Multilayered chewy confectionery products and methods of preparing a multilayered chewy confectionery product are described. A multilayered chewy confectionery product may include: a first layer containing a jam-like filling material including a texturizing agent; a second layer surrounding the first layer and containing a chewy confectionery material; and a third layer in the form of an outer hard sugar or polyol shell surrounding the second layer containing the chewy confectionery material. The chewy confectionery material may have both an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase in a ratio that is suitable for maintaining shape stable properties.
A23P 20/20 - Fabrication de produits alimentaires feuilletés, multicouches, fourrés ou à corps creux, p. ex. par enveloppement dans des feuilles de pâte comestible préformée ou dans des récipients alimentaires comestibles
05 - Produits pharmaceutiques, vétérinaires et hygièniques
31 - Produits agricoles; animaux vivants
Produits et services
(1) Aliments diététiques adaptés à un usage vétérinaire; compléments nutritionnels pour animaux; compléments nutritionnels pour aliments pour animaux; compléments nutritionnels pour animaux de compagnie.
(2) Aliments et fourrages pour animaux; boissons pour animaux de compagnie; objets comestibles à mâcher pour animaux.
05 - Produits pharmaceutiques, vétérinaires et hygièniques
31 - Produits agricoles; animaux vivants
Produits et services
Dietetic foods adapted for veterinary use; nutritional supplements for animals; nutritional supplements for foodstuffs for animals; nutritional supplements for pets. Food and fodder for animals; beverages for pets; edible chews for animals.
Agricultural, horticultural and forestry products, grains and seeds; fresh fruits and vegetables; foodstuffs for animals, birds and fish; all the aforesaid goods other than those of the botanical genera Prunus, Oncidium, Triticum, Phaseolus and Brassic; Live animals, birds and fish; cuttlefish bone; bones for dogs; edible chews for animals; products for animal litter; beverages for animals, birds and fish.
75.
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A MEAT ANALOGUE
The present invention relates to an apparatus for the production of a meat analogue that can introduce meat batter which comprises protein into a first heating unit and heat the meat batter to a temperature above the denaturation temperature of the protein in the meat batter, but below the melting point of the protein to produce a first heat-treated product, transfer the first heat-treated product to a second heating unit and heating the first heat-treated product to a temperature above the melting temperature of the protein to produce a second heat-treated product, cool the second heat-treated product by moving through a cooling unit, so that the second heat-treated product has a temperature below water boiling temperature at ambient pressure when exiting the cooling unit, and divide the cooled second heat-treated product into pieces.
The present invention relates to a process for the production of a meat analogue, comprising: a) introducing meat batter which comprises protein into a first heating unit and heating the meat batter to a temperature above the denaturation temperature of the protein in the meat batter, but below the melting point of the protein to produce a first heat-treated product, and b) transferring the first heat-treated product to a second heating unit and heating the first heat-treated product to a temperature above the melting temperature of the protein to produce a second heat-treated product, c) cooling the second heat-treated product by moving through a cooling unit, so that the second heat-treated product has a temperature below water boiling temperature at ambient pressure when exiting the cooling unit, and d) dividing the cooled second heat-treated product into pieces; as well as to an apparatus for the production of a meat analogue.
This disclosure generally relates to frozen dessert compositions, and methods of preparing frozen desserts. The frozen dessert compositions include a plant protein component, a plant-based milk, a dairy lipid alternative, a sweetener, a stabilizer, and water. The plant protein component includes black gram lentil protein.
A23G 9/34 - Desserts glacés, p. ex. confiseries glacées, glacesMélanges correspondants caractérisés par la composition caractérisés par les hydrates de carbone utilisés, p. ex. des polysaccharides
A23G 9/38 - Desserts glacés, p. ex. confiseries glacées, glacesMélanges correspondants caractérisés par la composition contenant des peptides ou des protéines
A23G 9/42 - Desserts glacés, p. ex. confiseries glacées, glacesMélanges correspondants caractérisés par la composition contenant des végétaux ou des parties de ceux-ci, p. ex. des fruits, des graines, des extraits
A23G 9/46 - Produits à structure aérée, mousseuse, cellulaire ou poreuse
A23G 9/52 - Produits liquidesProduits solides en forme de poudre, de flocons ou de granules pour obtenir des produits liquides
03 - Produits cosmétiques et préparations de toilette; préparations pour blanchir, nettoyer, polir et abraser.
05 - Produits pharmaceutiques, vétérinaires et hygièniques
31 - Produits agricoles; animaux vivants
Produits et services
Toilet products for animals. Veterinary and sanitary products and substances; dietetic foodstuffs for veterinary use; dietetic substances for veterinary use; nutritional additives for animals; vitamins for animals; vitamin supplements for animals; food supplements for animals; protein supplements for animals; nutritional supplements for animals; medicated animal foodstuffs; medicines for animals; treatment shampoos for animals; lotions for animals; antiparasitic collars for animals; products against fleas; oral care products for animals for veterinary use; medicated edible chews for animals. Agricultural, horticultural and forestry products, grains and seeds; live animals, birds and fish; cuttle bone; bones for dogs; edible chews for animals; products for animal litter; fresh fruits and fresh vegetables; foodstuffs and beverages for animals, birds and fish.
A compostable packaging material having a high barrier to water and oxygen is provided. Such compositions can have a film layer comprising polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a bonding layer, and a substrate layer. The compostable packaging material can be compostable at home or industrially as well as anaerobically digested.
B65D 65/46 - Emploi de matériaux désintégrables, solubles ou comestibles
B32B 7/12 - Liaison entre couches utilisant des adhésifs interposés ou des matériaux interposés ayant des propriétés adhésives
B32B 27/10 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comme seul composant ou composant principal d'une couche adjacente à une autre couche d'une substance spécifique de papier ou de carton
B32B 27/36 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant des polyesters
B65D 65/40 - Emploi de stratifiés pour des buts particuliers d'emballage
A compostable packaging material having a high barrier to water and oxygen is provided. Such compositions can have a film layer comprising polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), a bonding layer, and a substrate layer. The compostable packaging material can be compostable at home or industrially as well as anaerobically digested.
B32B 1/00 - Produits stratifiés ayant une forme non plane
B32B 7/12 - Liaison entre couches utilisant des adhésifs interposés ou des matériaux interposés ayant des propriétés adhésives
B32B 27/08 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comme seul composant ou composant principal d'une couche adjacente à une autre couche d'une substance spécifique d'une résine synthétique d'une sorte différente
B32B 27/10 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comme seul composant ou composant principal d'une couche adjacente à une autre couche d'une substance spécifique de papier ou de carton
B32B 27/30 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant une résine vinyliqueProduits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant une résine acrylique
B32B 27/36 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant des polyesters
B32B 27/40 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant des polyuréthanes
B32B 29/00 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de papier ou de carton
C08L 67/00 - Compositions contenant des polyesters obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison ester carboxylique dans la chaîne principaleCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
B32B 23/08 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de substances cellulosiques plastiques comprenant de telles substances comme seul composant ou comme composant principal d'une couche adjacente à une autre couche d'une substance spécifique de résine synthétique
The present disclosure related to a dog food composition comprising from about 10% by weight to about 20% by weight of fat, from about 5% by weight to about 15% by weight of fibers and from about 30% by weight to about 60% by weight proteins, the weight percentages being based on the total weight of dry matter of the composition.
A23K 10/30 - Produits alimentaires pour animaux à base de matières d’origine végétale, p. ex. de racines, de graines ou de foinProduits alimentaires pour animaux à base de matières d’origine fongique, p. ex. de champignons
A23K 20/147 - Dérivés polymériques, p. ex. peptides ou protéines
A23K 20/158 - Acides grasGraissesProduits contenant des huiles ou des graisses
Methods steps for the synthesis of (−)-epicatechin are provided herein. The synthetic methods are provided in two phases: (1) synthesis of epoxide intermediates and (2) synthesis of (−)-epicatechin.
C07D 311/62 - Benzo [b] pyrannes non hydrogénés dans le carbocycle avec des substituants autres que des atomes d'oxygène ou de soufre en position 2 ou 4 avec des radicaux aryle liés en position 2 avec des atomes d'oxygène liés directement en position 3, p. ex. anthocyanidines
The present disclosure relates to flavor compositions and pet food products for preventing and/or treating chronic kidney disease (CKD) and/or urinary tract disease in an animal. In certain embodiments, the flavor compositions and pet food products have enhanced palatability.
A61K 38/17 - Peptides ayant plus de 20 amino-acidesGastrinesSomatostatinesMélanotropinesLeurs dérivés provenant d'animauxPeptides ayant plus de 20 amino-acidesGastrinesSomatostatinesMélanotropinesLeurs dérivés provenant d'humains
A23K 10/16 - Ajout de micro-organismes ou de leurs produits d’extraction, p. ex. de protéines provenant d’organismes unicellulaires, à des compositions de produits alimentaires
A23K 20/121 - Composés hétérocycliques contenant de l’oxygène ou du soufre comme hétéroatome
A23K 20/147 - Dérivés polymériques, p. ex. peptides ou protéines
A23K 20/153 - Acides nucléiquesLeurs hydrolysats ou dérivés
A23K 50/40 - Produits alimentaires spécialement conçus pour des animaux spécifiques pour les animaux carnivores, p. ex. pour les chats ou les chiens
A61K 31/34 - Composés hétérocycliques ayant l'oxygène comme seul hétéro-atome d'un cycle, p. ex. fungichromine ayant des cycles à cinq chaînons avec un oxygène comme seul hétéro-atome d'un cycle, p. ex. isosorbide
A61K 31/401 - ProlineSes dérivés, p. ex. captopril
A61K 31/4172 - Acides imidazole-alkanecarboxyliques, p. ex. histidine
A61K 31/708 - Composés ayant des radicaux saccharide et des hétérocycles ayant l'azote comme hétéro-atome d'un cycle, p. ex. nucléosides, nucléotides contenant des cycles à six chaînons avec l'azote comme hétéro-atome d'un cycle contenant des pyrimidines condensées ou non-condensées contenant des purines, p. ex. adénosine, acide adénylique ayant des groupes oxo liés directement au système cyclique purine, p. ex. guanosine, acide guanylique
A flavor composition containing at least one, two, or more potassium salt(s) that can be used to enhance an alkalized cocoa flavor profile of edible compositions including sweet goods, such as fat-based confections comprising chocolate or chocolate liquor.
A23G 1/32 - Produits à base de cacao, p. ex. chocolatLeurs succédanés caractérisés par la composition
A23C 9/156 - Préparations aromatisées à base de lait
A23G 1/00 - CacaoProduits à base de cacao, p. ex. chocolatLeurs succédanés
A23G 1/02 - Traitements préliminaires, p. ex. fermentation du cacao
A23G 1/04 - Appareils spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou au traitement du cacao ou des produits à base de cacao
A23G 1/56 - Produits liquidesProduits solides sous forme de poudre, de flocons ou de granules pour obtenir des produits liquides, p. ex. pour faire du lait au chocolat
94.
SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR LABELING CONFECTIONARY PRODUCTS WITH LASER-ETCHING
A system may include a conveyor system that transports objects on a transport path from a first end to a second end by rotating about a first axis in a transporting direction. A system may include an inlet adjacent to the first end to group the objects for transportation on the conveyor system. A system may include an outlet adjacent to the second end to sort the objects by separating incomplete objects from whole objects. A system may include a laser system configured to interact with the objects while the objects are on the transport path between the first end and the second end. The laser system may produce a plurality of beam segments such that each beam segment is configured to laser-etch an outer surface of an object.
A system may include a conveyor system with a transport path that transports the plurality of objects from a first end to a second end, the conveyor system rotating about a first axis in a transporting direction. A system may include a laser system configured to interact with the plurality of objects while the plurality of objects are on the transport path between the first end and the second end, the laser system including a laser source that emits a laser beam, one or more beam splitters configured to split the laser beam into a plurality of beam segments, and one or more beam deflectors configured to direct each beam segment of the plurality of beam segments onto an outer surface of the plurality of objects such that each beam segment is configured to laser-etch the outer surface of the plurality of objects.
A system may include a conveyor system that rotates about a first axis in a transporting direction and has a transport path that transports objects from a first end to a second end. A system may include one or more carrier bars, each carrier bar including a timing sensor, attached to the conveyor system that have a plurality of cavities, each cavity including a thru-hole, such that an object is able to at least partially fit within one cavity of the plurality of cavities. A system may include a laser system configured to interact with the objects while the objects are within the cavities on the transport path between the first end and the second end and the laser system produces a plurality of beam segments that are calibrated by the timing sensors and configured to laser-etch an outer surface of an object.
B23K 26/402 - Enlèvement de matière en tenant compte des propriétés du matériau à enlever en faisant intervenir des matériaux non métalliques, p. ex. des isolants
B65G 17/06 - Transporteurs comportant un élément de traction sans fin, p. ex. une chaîne transmettant le mouvement à une surface porteuse de charges continue ou sensiblement continue, ou à une série de porte-charges individuelsTransporteurs à chaîne sans fin dans lesquels des chaînes constituent la surface portant la charge avec une surface portante formée par une série de maillons, de plaques ou plates-formes reliés entre eux, p. ex. longitudinaux
B65G 17/46 - Dispositifs pour tenir ou retenir les charges en position déterminée sur les porte-charges, p. ex. magnétiques
B65G 47/76 - Lames ou raclettes transversales fixes ou réglables
97.
SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR LABELING CONFECTIONARY PRODUCTS WITH LASER-ETCHING
A system may include a conveyor system that transports objects on a transport path from a first end to a second end by rotating about a first axis in a transporting direction. A system may include an inlet adjacent to the first end to group the objects for transportation on the conveyor system. A system may include an outlet adjacent to the second end to sort the objects by separating incomplete objects from whole objects. A system may include a laser system configured to interact with the objects while the objects are on the transport path between the first end and the second end. The laser system may produce a plurality of beam segments such that each beam segment is configured to laser-etch an outer surface of an object.
B23K 26/364 - Gravure au laser pour faire une rainure ou une saignée, p. ex. pour tracer une rainure d'amorce de rupture
A23P 30/00 - Mise en forme ou traitement des produits alimentaires caractérisés par le procédé ou l’appareil
B23K 26/067 - Division du faisceau en faisceaux multiples, p. ex. foyers multiples
B65G 17/06 - Transporteurs comportant un élément de traction sans fin, p. ex. une chaîne transmettant le mouvement à une surface porteuse de charges continue ou sensiblement continue, ou à une série de porte-charges individuelsTransporteurs à chaîne sans fin dans lesquels des chaînes constituent la surface portant la charge avec une surface portante formée par une série de maillons, de plaques ou plates-formes reliés entre eux, p. ex. longitudinaux
98.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR COLLECTING ANNOTATED DATA FOR CREATING A PET HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT MACHINE MODEL
A computer-implemented method for using an image classifier to identify pet oral conditions and pet dermatological conditions is disclosed. The method includes receiving an indication from a user device to initiate a pet condition analysis process for a pet, collecting pet data corresponding to the pet, outputting a pet image prompt to a user interface of the user device, receiving pet image data via the user interface of the user device, wherein the pet image data includes oral image data of the pet or dermatological image data of the pet, inputting the pet image data and the pet data into a machine-learning model to identify a pet condition and a pet condition recommendation, based on the inputting, receiving the pet condition and the pet condition recommendation from the machine-learning model, and outputting the pet condition and the pet condition recommendation to the user interface of the user device.
G16H 30/20 - TIC spécialement adaptées au maniement ou au traitement d’images médicales pour le maniement d’images médicales, p. ex. DICOM, HL7 ou PACS
G16H 30/40 - TIC spécialement adaptées au maniement ou au traitement d’images médicales pour le traitement d’images médicales, p. ex. l’édition
G16H 40/63 - TIC spécialement adaptées à la gestion ou à l’administration de ressources ou d’établissements de santéTIC spécialement adaptées à la gestion ou au fonctionnement d’équipement ou de dispositifs médicaux pour le fonctionnement d’équipement ou de dispositifs médicaux pour le fonctionnement local
G16H 50/20 - TIC spécialement adaptées au diagnostic médical, à la simulation médicale ou à l’extraction de données médicalesTIC spécialement adaptées à la détection, au suivi ou à la modélisation d’épidémies ou de pandémies pour le diagnostic assisté par ordinateur, p. ex. basé sur des systèmes experts médicaux
G16H 50/30 - TIC spécialement adaptées au diagnostic médical, à la simulation médicale ou à l’extraction de données médicalesTIC spécialement adaptées à la détection, au suivi ou à la modélisation d’épidémies ou de pandémies pour le calcul des indices de santéTIC spécialement adaptées au diagnostic médical, à la simulation médicale ou à l’extraction de données médicalesTIC spécialement adaptées à la détection, au suivi ou à la modélisation d’épidémies ou de pandémies pour l’évaluation des risques pour la santé d’une personne
99.
SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR LABELING CONFECTIONARY PRODUCTS WITH LASER-ETCHING
A system may include a conveyor system with a transport path that transports the plurality of objects from a first end to a second end, the conveyor system rotating about a first axis in a transporting direction. A system may include a laser system configured to interact with the plurality of objects while the plurality of objects are on the transport path between the first end and the second end, the laser system including a laser source that emits a laser beam, one or more beam splitters configured to split the laser beam into a plurality of beam segments, and one or more beam deflectors configured to direct each beam segment of the plurality of beam segments onto an outer surface of the plurality of objects such that each beam segment is configured to laser-etch the outer surface of the plurality of objects.
A system may include a conveyor system that rotates about a first axis in a transporting direction and has a transport path that transports objects from a first end to a second end. A system may include one or more carrier bars, each carrier bar including a timing sensor, attached to the conveyor system that have a plurality of cavities, each cavity including a thru-hole, such that an object is able to at least partially fit within one cavity of the plurality of cavities. A system may include a laser system configured to interact with the objects while the objects are within the cavities on the transport path between the first end and the second end and the laser system produces a plurality of beam segments that are calibrated by the timing sensors and configured to laser-etch an outer surface of an object.
B23K 26/364 - Gravure au laser pour faire une rainure ou une saignée, p. ex. pour tracer une rainure d'amorce de rupture
A23P 30/00 - Mise en forme ou traitement des produits alimentaires caractérisés par le procédé ou l’appareil
B23K 26/067 - Division du faisceau en faisceaux multiples, p. ex. foyers multiples
B65G 17/06 - Transporteurs comportant un élément de traction sans fin, p. ex. une chaîne transmettant le mouvement à une surface porteuse de charges continue ou sensiblement continue, ou à une série de porte-charges individuelsTransporteurs à chaîne sans fin dans lesquels des chaînes constituent la surface portant la charge avec une surface portante formée par une série de maillons, de plaques ou plates-formes reliés entre eux, p. ex. longitudinaux
