Various example embodiments relate to methods and apparatus that support beam management in a small data transmission procedure. A terminal device may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory includes computer program code stored thereon. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to report one or more available beams in a small data transmission procedure, receive a beam switching command to switch a serving beam for the small data transmission procedure, and switch the serving beam for the small data transmission procedure to a target beam indicated in the beam switching command.
A method comprising: receiving, at a first apparatus from a second apparatus, characteristic information of data to be transmitted to or from the second apparatus, wherein the data is related to a machine learning model; and determining assistance information for scheduling a transmission of the data at least based on the characteristic information.
H04L 67/61 - Ordonnancement ou organisation du service des demandes d'application, p. ex. demandes de transmission de données d'application en utilisant l'analyse et l'optimisation des ressources réseau requises en tenant compte de la qualité de service [QoS] ou des exigences de priorité
H04L 41/16 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets en utilisant l'apprentissage automatique ou l'intelligence artificielle
H04W 72/21 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources dans le sens ascendant de la liaison sans fil, c.-à-d. en direction du réseau
H04W 72/23 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources dans le sens descendant de la liaison sans fil, c.-à-d. en direction du terminal
H04W 72/40 - Gestion des ressources pour la communication en mode direct, p. ex. D2D ou liaison secondaire
3.
UE Indication of Estimated MPR on UL Beam Pair for STXMP
An apparatus may be configured to: receive, from a first network node, a first indication to activate a first set of transmission configuration indicator states associated with the first network node; receive, from the first network node, a second indication of a second network node, wherein the apparatus is configured to perform simultaneous transmission, with the first network node and the second network node; and transmit, to the first network node, a first report, wherein the first report comprises at least one indication of a presence of a power backoff value associated with a pair of transmission configuration indicator states.
H04W 52/36 - Commande de puissance d'émission [TPC Transmission power control] utilisant les limitations de la quantité totale de puissance d'émission disponible avec une plage ou un ensemble discrets de valeurs, p. ex. incrément, variation graduelle ou décalages
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
Solutions for adaptive performance monitoring are disclosed. A solution comprises maintaining (200) ability to collect network performance data utilising a collecting policy from more than one collecting policy, receiving (202) from a network element a request to apply a given collecting policy, applying (204) the requested collecting policy in collecting network performance data and transmitting (206) network performance data to network based on the applied policy.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for Random Access Channel (RACH) occasion (RO) dropping. In a method, a device determines a set of valid random access channel occasions (ROs) for a physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission with preamble repetitions. The device determines that the PRACH transmission is to be dropped in at least one RO of the set of valid ROs. The device determines one or more ROs of the set of valid ROs for calculation of a random access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI), the one or more ROs for calculation of the RA-RNTI are not conditioned to whether the corresponding PRACH transmission over the one or more ROs is to be dropped. Then the device calculates the RA-RNTI based on the determined one or more ROs of the set of valid ROs.
This document discloses a method and an apparatus to perform using a predicted sequence of beam measurement outputs for at least one observation window associated with at least one prediction window providing reference signal received power measurements to predict a beam prediction output; identifying that a prediction window of the at least one prediction window is overlapped with at least a portion of an observation window of the at least one observation window over a time period; and comparing the beam prediction output during the overlapped portion with measurements of the observation window during the overlapped portion to perform long term real time monitoring to determine at least one prediction output for use in a next time instant, wherein the determining is based on a predicted reference signal received power of the at least one prediction output being above a threshold.
H04B 7/08 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station de réception
7.
Priority for the Power Allocation for PRACH Transmission for TA Acquisition
Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose devices, methods and apparatuses for power allocation for PRACH transmission. An apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: determine a power allocation priority for an uplink transmission, based at least on determining at least one of: the uplink transmission is associated with a cell configured for layer 1 or layer 2 triggered mobility, or the uplink transmission is not associated with a serving cell; and perform the uplink transmission based on the determined power allocation priority for the uplink transmission, wherein the uplink transmission comprises at least one of a physical random access channel transmission or a sounding reference signal transmission.
An apparatus for use by a communication network control element or communication network control function configured to control a communication of at least one communication element or function in a communication network, the apparatus comprising at least one processing circuitry, and at least one memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processing circuitry, wherein the at least one memory and the instructions are configured to, with the at least one processing circuitry, cause the apparatus at least: to determine a reference configuration to be used for preparing a first type of mobility procedure for a communication element or communication function which is configured to conduct a second type of mobility procedure being different to the first type of mobility procedure, to cause transmission, to a target communication network control element or communication network control function to which the communication of the communication element or communication function is to be changed, of a request for preparing a target cell configuration for execution of the first type of mobility procedure, wherein the request includes information indicating the reference configuration, to receive, from the target communication network control element or communication network control function, a response to the request for preparing the target cell configuration for execution of the first type of mobility procedure, the response including an indication of the reference configuration and configuration information of a target cell for the first type of mobility procedure for the communication element or communication function, and to cause transmission, to the communication element or communication function, of a command for executing the first type of mobility procedure, the command including the indication of the reference configuration and the configuration information of the target cell for the first type of mobility procedure.
According to an example embodiment, a client device includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the client device to: transmit a rest period start indication to a network node device, wherein the rest period start indication indicates a start of a rest period during which the client device will not respond to discontinuous reception paging; during the rest period, cease performing discontinuous reception paging with the network node device; and after the rest period, resume discontinuous reception paging with the network node device.
Various example embodiments relate to a solution for positioning of a low power device using sidelink peers. A target user device for a locally assisted positioning procedure may receive a trigger event to initiate positioning of the target user device, the trigger event originating from a location management function in relation to the locally assisted positioning procedure. The target user device may transmit at least one local positioning aid request to one or more anchor user devices for the locally assisted positioning procedure, the at least one local positioning aid request indicating a need for the locally assisted positioning procedure for the positioning of the target user device. Devices, methods, and computer programs are disclosed.
The disclosure relates to an apparatus configured to: send (900), to a location server, information indicating a set of models available at the apparatus for determining positioning information; receive (902), from the location server, information indicating a subset of models amongst the set of models to be activated and a combination function for combining outputs of the subset of models; activate (904) the subset of models; and use (906) the combination function for combining outputs of the subset of models.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for a transmission indication for a multicast service. In a method, a first apparatus receives a wakeup signal indicating that a next transmission for a multicast service is a new initial transmission or a retransmission. In response to receiving the wakeup signal, the first apparatus performs an action.
According to various, but not necessarily all, examples there is provided an apparatus for a network node, the apparatus comprising: means for sending a message to a target network node, the message comprising a request for measurement information of a measurement on an energy cost of the target network node, and the message comprising a message field requesting impact information of an impact of at least one other network node on the measurement; means for receiving from the target network node the measurement information and the impact information; and means for performing, based on the measurement information and the impact information, at least one action related to traffic offloading.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for determining a transmission resource for initiating a data transmission. The method (100) performed by a terminal device may comprise: acquiring (S102) a time limit for determining whether a configured transmission resource is within the time limit; and initiating (S104), based on the transmission resource being within the time limit and being valid for a data transmission, the data transmission using the transmission resource in an inactive state. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the time limit is considered for determining the transmission resource, and thus the data transmission can be performed timely.
A block-acknowledgement mechanism employing first and second variable-length bitmaps. The first bitmap carries a plurality of one-bit flags that enable omission, from the second bitmap, of entire segments of acknowledgement-status bits corresponding to the same acknowledgment status, e.g., received or not received. The value of a dedicated control bit in the BA-information field determines the interpretation of binary “0s” and “1s” of the second bitmap in terms of the acknowledgement status. Different embodiments are compatible with fragmented and non-fragmented transmission of the corresponding data units. At least some embodiments are beneficially capable of producing shorter BA frames than comparable prior-art solutions under at least some wireless-channel conditions.
Disclosed are methods, apparatuses and computer program products for: informing a second entity of a compute capability of a first entity for taking over one or more artificial intelligence/machine learning operations from the second entity; receiving, by the first entity, a request from the second entity to take over one of the one or more artificial intelligence/machine learning operations from the second entity; performing, by the first entity, the one of the artificial intelligence/machine learning operations to obtain a result of the one of the one or more artificial intelligence/machine learning operations; and providing, by the first entity to the second entity, the result of the one of the one or more artificial intelligence/machine learning operations.
There is provided an apparatus comprising means for: mapping frequency-domain symbols on a plurality of subcarriers into at least two sets, each set comprising symbols of at least one of the plurality of subcarriers; for each set: performing symbol-wise rotation based on a complex coefficient value and converting the rotated symbols from the frequency domain to the time domain; or converting the symbols from the frequency domain to the time domain and performing symbol-wise rotation on the time-domain symbols based on the complex coefficient value; inserting a cyclic prefix into each time-domain symbol; concatenating the time-domain symbols resulting from the cyclic prefix insertion to create a sub-band waveform; and performing sub-band filtering, interpolation and combination based on the sub-band waveform for each of the sets to generate a single waveform.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a device, method, apparatus and computer readable storage medium for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback for adjustment of contention window size for communication in an unlicensed band. In example embodiments, if it is determined that a failure of transmission in an unlicensed occurs, the device determines a cause of the failure of the transmission is determined based on received information associated with a transmission collision. Then, the device adjusts a size of a contention window for a listen-before-talk procedure.
H04L 47/27 - Évaluation ou mise à jour de la taille de la fenêtre, p. ex. en utilisant des informations dérivées de paquets [ACK] d’acquittements
H04W 74/0816 - Accès non planifié, p. ex. ALOHA utilisant une détection de porteuse, p. ex. accès multiple par détection de porteuse [CSMA] avec évitement de collision
Described herein is a solution for paging. According to an aspect, there is provided user equipment configured to: determine a user equipment configuration, wherein the user equipment configuration comprises at least one of idle extended discontinuous reception, inactive extended discontinuous reception, or inactive enhanced extended discontinuous reception; determine a network node configuration, wherein the network node configuration defines an allowability status for at least one of idle extended discontinuous reception, inactive extended discontinuous reception, or inactive enhanced extended discontinuous reception; determine a discontinuous reception cycle based at least on the user equipment configuration and the network node configuration; and receive a paging request based on the discontinuous reception cycle.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer-readable storage medium for controlling DCCH based non-Small Data Transmission (SDT) data arrival. In some example embodiments, a terminal device transmits an indication an availability of non-Small Data Transmission (SDT) data to a network device during a SDT procedure. The terminal device monitors for a response to the indication, and performs an action comprising in response to absence of the response to the indication of the non-SDT data. The action comprises: entering an idle or inactive state and/or initiating a connection setup or resume request to the network device.
A method includes receiving, by a user equipment (UE), a first signal from a first apparatus, the first signal comprising a first data for presentation by a second apparatus and a second data for presentation by a third apparatus, the first data and the second data being synchronized with each other in time. The UE extracts the first and second data from the first signal, and determines a timing for transmitting a second signal that comprises the first data to the second apparatus and for transmitting a third signal that comprises the second data to the third apparatus, the timing configured to approximately synchronize in time presentation of the first data and second data by the respective second and third apparatuses. The UE transmits the second signal to the second apparatus based on the timing, and transmits the third signal to the third apparatus based on the timing.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to subscription concealed identifier (SUCI) encryption. In an aspect, a terminal device generates a SUCI of the terminal device based on a subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) of the terminal device. The SUCI comprises a SUPI type indicating that both elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) and post quantum cryptography (PQC) are used in the generating of the SUCI. The terminal device further transmits the SUCI to a network device. As such, a SUCI can be defined to comprise a SUPI type indicating that both the ECC and PQC are used in the generating of the SUCI. With the SUCI generated based on both the ECC and PQC, different kinds of cryptanalytic attacks can be avoided.
H04L 9/30 - Clé publique, c.-à-d. l'algorithme de chiffrement étant impossible à inverser par ordinateur et les clés de chiffrement des utilisateurs n'exigeant pas le secret
23.
UPLINK SWITCH TO SOURCE CELL IN DUAL ACTIVE PROTOCOL STACK HANDOVER
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for uplink switch to source cell in dual active protocol stack handover. A method may include receiving a handover command. The method may also include identifying a maximum permissible exposure event at a user equipment before or after reception of the handover command. The method may further include delaying an uplink switch to a target network element from a source network element due to the maximum permissible exposure event, or switching back to the source network element. According to certain example embodiments, delaying the uplink switch may include setting an event trigger to switch to the target network element. In addition, the method may include informing the target network element about the maximum permissible exposure event, and about the delay in the uplink switch.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, apparatus, and computer readable storage medium for resource exclusion. In a method, an apparatus determines at least one resource block (RB) set where a consistent listen before talking (LBT) failure is detected for the at least one RB set. Then, the apparatus determines the number of available candidate resources within a time window where the available candidate resources exclude candidate resources on the at least one RB set within the time window.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to using non-cell defining synchronization signal block. In an aspect, a terminal device receives, from a network device, configuration information related to at least one non-cell defining synchronization signal block (NCD-SSB). The at least one NCD-SSB includes a different number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) from a cell defining synchronization signal block (CD-SSB). The terminal device performs, based on the configuration information, a measurement for the at least one NCD-SSB. The embodiments of the present disclosure can realize better measurement performance.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an AGC symbol usage for sidelink positioning reference signal transmission. In an aspect, a first terminal device determines a sidelink (SL) positioning reference signal (PRS) sequence for an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol preceding an SL PRS resource in a resource pool configured for transmitting SL PRS; and performs transmission to a second terminal device on the OFDM symbol based on the determined SL PRS sequence. This way, the first terminal device can transmit an OFDM symbol for AGC preceding the SL PRS resource, to adjust the RF level in the second terminal device, thus improving the positioning performance for the second terminal device.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable storage media for a configuration of repetitions of downlink control information (DCI). The method comprises: receiving, from a second apparatus, a configuration of an random access (RA) search space; determining an additional RA search space including repetitions of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) candidates of at least one monitoring occasion of the RA search space; and monitoring downlink control information at least based on the configuration of the RA search space and the repetitions in the additional RA search space.
Embodiments of the present invention provide at least for transmitting, to a user equipment, information related to positioning reference signal bandwidth aggregation for joint positioning measurement; wherein the information comprises information related to a higher layer signaling parameter, wherein the higher layer signaling parameter comprises at least one downlink positioning reference signal identifier; wherein the information comprises an indication of positioning reference signal resources of linked positioning reference signal resource sets across positioning frequency layers; receiving, from the user equipment, at least one joint positioning measurement related to the positioning reference signal resources of linked positioning reference signal resource sets across positioning frequency layers; wherein the at least one joint positioning measurement is based on the at least one downlink positioning reference signal identifier; and estimating a location of the user equipment, based on the received at least one joint positioning measurement.
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
G01S 5/00 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance
29.
NETWORK CONFIGURABLE USER EQUIPMENT MACHINE LEARNING PROCESSING UTILIZATION REPORTING
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for network configurable user equipment machine learning processing utilization reporting. The method may include determining compute utilization parameters for a user equipment implementing machine learning features, transmitting the compute utilization parameters to the user equipment, and transmitting an instruction message indicating to activate or deactivate or modify a machine learning feature on the user equipment based on a compute utilization indication received from the user equipment.
H04W 24/02 - Dispositions pour optimiser l'état de fonctionnement
H04L 41/16 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets en utilisant l'apprentissage automatique ou l'intelligence artificielle
30.
PTM RETRANSMISSION RECEPTION BY UES IN RRC_INACTIVE/IDLE WITH DRX
Described herein is a User Equipment, UE, comprising: at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the UE at least to, during or before a Multicast/Broadcast Service, MBS, session: receive, from a network node, a configuration message configuring at least one Retransmission Timer; receive, while the UE is in an inactive state or an idle state, a Physical Downlink Control Channel, PDCCH, transmission that is associated with the MBS session and that schedules a Transport Block, TB, of the MBS session with a group identifier identifying a group of UEs comprising the UE in the inactive or idle state and one or more UEs in a connected state; receive the scheduled TB in the inactive or idle state, via Point-To-Multipoint, PTM, Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH transmission associated with the MBS session; and in case of determining a failure in decoding the received TB: start the at least one Retransmission Timer based on the configuration message; and monitor, before the at least one Retransmission Timer expires, a PDCCH for at least one PTM retransmission for the failed TB requested by the one or more UEs in the connected state via at least one Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request, HARQ, feedback to the network node.
There is provided an apparatus, method and computer program for causing an apparatus to perform receiving from a first access node, signalling comprising a first slot configuration comprising concurrent uplink and downlink transmission opportunities between the first access node and a user equipment served by the first access node, wherein the apparatus is comprised in a second access node.
There is provided an apparatus comprising means for receiving, at a first radio access node from a second radio access node, information indicating availability or unavailability of at least one network slice at a cell of the second radio access node, where in the at least one network slice is supported at the second radio access node and the at least one network slice is unavailable at the cell if the at least one network slice is configured with zero resources at the cell or if the cell is outside the area of service of the slice.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium of prediction overlapped with measurement reporting. In a method, a first apparatus, receives, from a second apparatus, a configuration of at least one prediction time window for generating an outcome of a prediction from a model. The first apparatus determines, based on the configuration, a time period over which the at least one prediction time window overlaps with at least one observation time window for a measurement associated with the prediction. The first apparatus transmits, to the second apparatus, at least one report of the measurement obtained within the time period and at least one outcome of the prediction generated from the model within the time period.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
H04B 7/08 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station de réception
H04W 24/10 - Planification des comptes-rendus de mesures
34.
IDENTIFIER FOR A USER EQUIPMENT IN A HOSTED WIRELESS NETWORK
In an aspect, a method includes: receiving, by a first apparatus, an identifier for a user equipment (UE) associated with a home core network to which the UE is subscribed, where the identifier identifies a hosting core network serving the UE and identifies the home core network of the UE; and routing, by the first apparatus, communications from the UE based on the identifier
Systems, methods, and apparatuses for sidelink collision avoidance based on sensing, such as PSFCH sensing, are provided. One method may include sensing, by a first UE, a first sidelink feedback transmission from a second UE in a first PSFCH resource, and determining, based on the first PSFCH resource, a first radio resource in which the second UE received a first data transmission from a third UE. The method may also include sensing a second sidelink feedback transmission from the second UE in a second PSFCH resource, determining, based on the second PSFCH resource, a second radio resource in which the second UE received a second data transmission from the third UE, and determining, based on at least one of the determined first radio resource or second radio resource, a third radio resource in which the second UE is expected to receive a third data transmission from the third UE.
H04W 72/25 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources entre terminaux au moyen d’une liaison sans fil, p. ex. liaison secondaire
H04L 5/00 - Dispositions destinées à permettre l'usage multiple de la voie de transmission
H04W 72/0453 - Ressources du domaine fréquentiel, p. ex. porteuses dans des AMDF [FDMA]
36.
SECURITY KEY MANAGEMENT IN DUAL CONNECTIVITY OPERATION
The disclosure inter alia relates to a user equipment configured to support dual connectivity operation towards a master node and a secondary node of a radio access network, the user equipment comprising at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the user equipment to perform at least the following: establishing a connection towards the master node; receiving configuration information from the master node, wherein the configuration information comprises key counter information which defines a sequence of at least two different key counter values to generate at least two different security keys for at least two different target secondary nodes.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of the enhancement on the UE report. The method comprises generating, a report including information related to a measurement relaxation performed by the first device based on a measurement relaxation configuration, the report being associated with at least one of a RLF report or a successful handover report; and transmitting the report to the second device. In this way, the network can be aware about whether a failure was experienced in conjunction with the measurements relaxation. With the enhanced report, the network may determine the future configuration of the measurement relaxation.
A UE, connected using a current cell served by a first satellite to a BS, receives information from the BS including assistance information for a cell switch from the current cell to a cell served by a second satellite. The information is received before a stop time indicating when the current cell will stop serving the UE. The UE performs the cell switch from the current cell to the cell served by the second satellite using at least the assistance information to find cell synchronization block(s) for the served by the second satellite. The BS sends the information from the BS including the assistance information for a cell switch from the current cell to a cell served by a second satellite. The BS shuts down the current cell at a stop time.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium of noisy positioning data processing. In a method, a first apparatus obtains measurement data and first positioning data associated with the measurement data. The first apparatus generates second positioning data from the first positioning data based on network assistance information. The first apparatus transmits at least the measurement data and the second positioning data. In this way, an accuracy of the positioning data can be improved.
Disclosed is a method comprising receiving a first information element indicating two transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states, receive a configuration, and determining an association between the two indicated TCI states and at least one physical uplink control channel resource group according to the configuration. The configuration causes the apparatus to determine the association between the two indicated TCI states and the at least one physical uplink control channel resource group to be one of the following: both of the two indicated TCI states are applicable to the at least one physical uplink control channel resource group; a first indicated TCI state of the two indicated TCI states is applicable to the at least one physical uplink control channel resource group; or a second indicated TCI state of the two indicated TCI states is applicable to the at least one physical uplink control channel resource group.
H04W 72/21 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources dans le sens ascendant de la liaison sans fil, c.-à-d. en direction du réseau
H04L 5/00 - Dispositions destinées à permettre l'usage multiple de la voie de transmission
41.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR A TERMINAL DEVICE AND APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR A NETWORK DEVICE
An apparatus for a terminal device, the apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to: determine first information characterizing a difference between a first timing advance value associated with a first radio cell that is at least temporarily provided to the terminal device by a first device and a second timing advance value associated with a second radio cell that is at least temporarily provided to the terminal device by a second device, and to transmit the first information to a network device associated at least with the first radio cell.
The present document provides for performing measurements for beam management. According to an aspect, a method comprises: determining a mode for beam management, based on a configuration that indicates the mode for beam management; switching to the mode for beam management; performing at least one measurement related to artificial intelligence or machine learning beam management, while operating in the mode for beam management; and transmitting the at least one measurement to a test equipment or a network.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for handling expiry of at least one time alignment timer (TAT) of multiple timing advance groups (TAGs) associated with a serving cell. In an example method, the terminal device receives determines at least two TAGs for a serving cell, wherein the at least two TAGs comprise a primary TAG and a secondary TAG. The terminal device determines whether at least one TAT of the at least two TAGs has expired and maintain, based on determining that the at least one TAT has expired, one of the primary TAG and the secondary TAG. In this way, only a single TAG is maintained once the terminal device has single TAT/no TAT running removing ambiguities in RA procedure/UL signal transmissions. Since the network is aware of the TAT expiry, it knows behaviour of the terminal device and can act accordingly.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, apparatus, and computer readable storage medium for resource exclusion. In a method, an apparatus determines at least one resource block (RB) set where a consistent listen before talking (LBT) failure is detected for the at least one RB set. Then, the apparatus determines the number of available candidate resources within a time window where the available candidate resources exclude candidate resources on the at least one RB set within the time window.
A UE, connected using a current cell served by a first satellite to a BS, receives information from the BS including assistance information for a cell switch from the current cell to a cell served by a second satellite. The information is received before a stop time indicating when the current cell will stop serving the UE. The UE performs the cell switch from the current cell to the cell served by the second satellite using at least the assistance information to find cell synchronization block(s) for the served by the second satellite. The BS sends the information from the BS including the assistance information for a cell switch from the current cell to a cell served by a second satellite. The BS shuts down the current cell at a stop time.
Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose devices, methods and apparatuses for spatial adaption. A terminal device obtains a spatial pattern configuration of reference signal transmission from a network device. The spatial pattern configuration is indicative of whether a plurality of spatial patterns have different energy levels. The terminal device then transmits a measurement report to a network device. The measurement report comprises one or more spatial patterns measured by the terminal device based on the spatial pattern configuration.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
H04W 24/10 - Planification des comptes-rendus de mesures
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for verifying positioning accuracy. One method may include transmitting, by testing equipment, a request to measure location coordinates to a device, receiving, by the testing equipment, from the device, a model inference comprising at least one location coordinate, and determining, by the testing equipment, whether a difference between the model inference and at least one ground truth is within a threshold value for a defined number of samples, wherein the at least one ground truth comprises at least one known location coordinate of a test point.
A method comprising: generating, at a terminal device, channel state information for a channel between the terminal device and a network device; generate compressed channel state information based on the channel state information by using a compression model; and transmit, to the network device, the compressed channel state information and an identification of the compression model.
Based on determining (S211) that each of one or more NRFs of a mobile communication network system has become unavailable, switching (S213) to an NRF-unavailable state in which a validation of an NF service consumer based on an access token for a service request towards an NF service producer is relaxed is performed. The service request is sent (S215) towards the NF service producer, the service request comprising at least an indication of the NRF-unavailable state. Upon receipt (S221) of the service request, the service request is processed (S223) based on the indication of the NRF-unavailable state.
An apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory comprising computer program instructions, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program instructions are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: sending (1a, 1b.i, 1.b.ii), to an anchor user equipment, a sidelink positioning request in a channel, wherein the sidelink positioning request comprises a first pay load: receiving (2. a, 2.b.i, 2.b.ii, 3), from the anchor user equipment, a sidelink positioning response, wherein the sidelink positioning response is sent according to the pay load of the sidelink positioning request, wherein the sidelink positioning response comprises a second pay load; and determining (4) a position of the apparatus based on the second payload
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
H04W 72/25 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources entre terminaux au moyen d’une liaison sans fil, p. ex. liaison secondaire
51.
PHASE TRACKING REFERENCE SIGNAL CONFIGURATION FOR SINGLE-CARRIER WAVEFORMS
A Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS) configuration for signal-carrier waveforms (e.g., Known Tail Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (KT-DFT-s-OFDM) or Single Carrier Frequency Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) waveforms) used in a communication network. For this purpose, a configurable-length sequence of modulation symbols is added in the beginning and end of each single-carrier waveform symbol. One or more sequences of modulation symbols are reported to a User Equipment (UE) from a network node. The PTRS configuration is defined at the UE based on the sequence length(s) and indicative of how PTRS mapping is to be performed within each single-carrier waveform symbol. The UE may then perform communications with the network node using the PTRS configuration. With such PTRS configuration, it is possible to efficiently perform phase noise detection and compensation.
Disclosed is a method comprising receiving, by a first terminal device, from a second terminal device, a first message indicating a first set of resource configurations for transmission of a reference signal to the second terminal device: transmitting, by the first terminal device, a second message indicating a second set of resource configurations for the transmission of the reference signal to the second terminal device, wherein the second set of resource configurations are generated based at least partly on the first set of resource configurations; receiving, by the first terminal device, from the second terminal device, a third message indicating a resource configuration to be used for the transmission of the reference signal to the second terminal device; and transmitting, by the first terminal device, to the second terminal device, the reference signal based at least partly on the resource configuration indicated in the third message.
H04L 5/00 - Dispositions destinées à permettre l'usage multiple de la voie de transmission
G01S 13/76 - Systèmes utilisant la reradiation d'ondes radio, p. ex. du type radar secondaireSystèmes analogues dans lesquels des signaux de type pulsé sont transmis
H04W 72/40 - Gestion des ressources pour la communication en mode direct, p. ex. D2D ou liaison secondaire
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to UE type switching. In an aspect, a terminal device transmits, to a network device, capability information indicating support of a plurality of types of the terminal device. Then, the network device transmits an indication for switching a type of the terminal device to the terminal device. Moreover, the terminal device performs type switching based on the indication and a requirement for an interruption caused by the type switching. In this way, it is allowed to avoid transmission failure due to the interruption caused by type switching, and thus improve resource utilization and transmission flexibility.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for reducing user equipment (UE) transmit (Tx) timing error group (TEG) reporting overhead. A method may include receiving, from a first network element, an indication that a sounding reference signal for positioning will be used for uplink and downlink plus uplink positioning. Configuration for the sounding reference signal resource for positioning may be received from a second network element. The sounding reference signal resource for positioning may be associated with a user equipment transmit timing error group. The first network element or the second network element may be informed that a user equipment will report the user equipment transmit timing error group association to the first network element or to the second network element. The user equipment transmit timing error group association may be reported to the first network element or to the second network element.
A master node is provided for a user equipment operating in dual-connectivity with the master node and a secondary node. The master node may be configured to receive information that indicates supported network slices of one or more further nodes. The master node may be configured to transmit slice support information for the one or more further nodes, based on the information. The slice support information may indicate one or more of the supported network slices, at least one non-supported network slice of the one or more further nodes, or at least one communication session of the user equipment that is associated with at least one non-supported network slice. The secondary node may receive the slice support information, and make a secondary node change determination at the secondary node, based on the slice support information.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to anchor selection in sidelink positioning. A method comprises: monitoring, at a first apparatus, proximity of the first apparatus with respect to at least one apparatus during a sidelink positioning session; and in accordance with a determination that proximity of the first apparatus with respect to a second apparatus satisfies an event detection condition, transmitting an event detection indication to at least one third apparatus which performs an action related to anchor devices for use in the sidelink positioning session.
Certain examples of the present disclosure relate to and antenna apparatus. Certain examples provide an apparatus (10) comprising: an antenna radiator (101) having a first end (101e1) and a second end (101e2); a ground plane (200) spaced from the antenna radiator (101); a first feed element (1021) and a second feed element (1022); a first feed point (1031) configured to couple a first radio frequency signal to the first end of the antenna radiator (101e1) and the first feed element (1021); a second feed point (1032) configured to feed a second radio frequency signal to the second end of the antenna radiator (101e2) and the second feed element (102)2; wherein the first and second feed elements (1021) (1022) are configured to capacitively couple to the antenna radiator (101); and wherein the antenna radiator (101) comprises: a strip portion (101′), which extends from the first end (101e1) to the second end (101e2) of the antenna radiator (101), that is unbroken and devoid of slots; a plurality of slots (1041) on a first side (101s1) of the strip portion; and a plurality of slots (1042) on a second side (101s2) of the strip portion.
Aspects and embodiments relate to apparatus configured to delay execution of an action based on an execution delay and methods to delay execution of an action. In particular, the example embodiments provide apparatus and methods to delay execution of mobility related events, for example, handover. One aspect provides an apparatus, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that when executed by the at least one processor cause the apparatus at least to: obtain an indication of an execution delay to be applied by the apparatus in relation to an action to be executed by the apparatus, the execution delay being based upon one or more operational characteristic of the apparatus; determine that the action is to be executed by the apparatus; and delay execution of the action based on the execution delay. Arrangements and implementations provide a mechanism to mitigate RACH load congestion. Arrangements provide mechanisms to distribute a handover execution load (in the form, for example, of RACH attempts initiated by UE) across a restricted or limited time period.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses, and computer readable medium for small data transmission (SDT). A first device, in response to first data to be transmitted via a SDT corresponding to a first set of resources for a random access procedure and a second set of resources for a configured grant procedure, determine a target resource for at least a part of the first data based on a logical channel restriction on the SDT; and transmit, to a second device, at least the part of the first data on the target resource. In this way, the SDT procedure can be performed with logical channel restrictions, which allows a better isolation of services through specific resource selection. The communication efficiency and network performance can also be improved.
The present disclosure relates to PDCCH repetition. In particular, a network device transmits system information that includes a parameter related to a PDCCH common search space set with repetition to a terminal device. The terminal device determines a configuration of the PDCCH common search space set with repetition based on the parameters. The terminal device (110) further monitors a set of repetitions of a PDCCH based on the configuration. In this way, it can improve the coverage enhancement.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to UE type switching. In an aspect, a terminal device transmits, to a network device, capability information indicating support of a plurality of types of the terminal device. Then, the network device transmits an indication for switching a type of the terminal device to the terminal device. Moreover, the terminal device performs type switching based on the indication and a requirement for an interruption caused by the type switching. In this way, it is allowed to avoid transmission failure due to the interruption caused by type switching, and thus improve resource utilization and transmission flexibility.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to pathloss reference signal (PL-RS) maintenance for cell activation. In an aspect, a terminal device determines that a PL-R of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) cell for the terminal device is maintained, in the event that the terminal device has a valid timing advance (TA) for transmitting on the PUCCH cell. The terminal device further performs a cell activation procedure for the PUCCH cell based on the determination that the PL-RS is maintained. As such, the PUCCH cell activation procedure can be performed with the assumption that the PL-RS of the PUCCH cell is maintained. In some embodiments, based on the determination that the PL-RS is maintained, the terminal device may skip unnecessary PL-RS measurement (s) during the cell activation procedure, thereby reducing the activation delay to transition from deactivated to activated status.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for determining a transmission resource for initiating a data transmission. The method (100) performed by a terminal device may comprise: acquiring (S102) a time limit for determining whether a configured transmission resource is within the time limit; and initiating (S104), based on the transmission resource being within the time limit and being valid for a data transmission, the data transmission using the transmission resource in an inactive state. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the time limit is considered for determining the transmission resource, and thus the data transmission can be performed timely.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a quality of experience (QoE) report handling policy in dual connectivity. In an aspect, a first network device determines a policy configuration for handling one or more QoE configurations associated with a terminal device; and when the first network device is overloaded in dual connectivity, determines whether to pause the reporting of the one or more QoE configurations of the terminal device or to offload the one or more QoE configurations to the second network device. Based on determining to offload, the first network device transmits a request for the offloading to the second network device; and receives a response indicating whether the offloading of the one or more QoE configurations is accepted by the second network device. By implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, enhanced assistance information can be provided to a RAN node to handle RAN overload in dual connectivity.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for cooperation of machine learning enabled capabilities on demand. A first device transmits, at a cooperation management service (MnS) consumer and to a cooperation MnS producer, a request for a cooperation plan of a plurality of machine learning capabilities for fulfilling a goal, the request comprising at least one attribute associated with the cooperation plan. The first device receives, from the cooperation MnS producer, a response for the cooperation plan indicating at least one candidate option of the cooperation plan available for fulfilling the goal. The first device evaluates the at least one candidate option for determining a target option of the cooperation plan. In this way, the MnS consumer can search, select, and deploy a cooperation plan defined by the MnS producer. This enables a task-oriented coordination of AI/ML capabilities from training to inference.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable storage media for dynamic control of sidelink reference signal configuration. In the methods, a first apparatus transmits, to at least one of a second apparatus or a third apparatus, a request for switching to a target transmission mode of a sidelink reference signal. Then, the first apparatus performs sidelink positioning with at least one of the second apparatus and the third apparatus based on the target transmission mode. In this way, overhead in sidelink positioning can be reduced, and confidentiality can be maintained.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable storage media for anchor update in SL positioning. In the methods, a first apparatus transmits a first indication indicating an unavailability of the first apparatus to serve as an anchor for positioning a second apparatus. Then, the first apparatus monitors availability of a further anchor for positioning the second apparatus. In this way, the second apparatus can seamlessly switch between positioning anchors, without necessarily initiating a new discovery procedure, thus avoiding undesired latency and additional signaling.
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
H04W 76/14 - Établissement de la connexion en mode direct
H04W 8/00 - Gestion de données relatives au réseau
G01S 5/00 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance
G01S 5/02 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance utilisant les ondes radioélectriques
68.
ENHANCED SIDELINK POSITIONING WITH IMPROVED ACCURACY UNDER UE MOBILITY
This specification describes systems, methods and apparatus for positioning user equipment and/or managing positioning resources. According to a first aspect of this specification, there is described an apparatus comprising: means for constructing an overdetermined system of equations for a user equipment position based at least on: position derivative data comprising an indication that the D-th derivative of the user equipment position is constant over a time interval, wherein D is a positive non-null integer; and a plurality of sequences of positioning data for the user equipment, each sequence of positioning data in the plurality of sequences of positioning data being associated with a respective anchor node in a plurality of anchor nodes and comprising positioning data for the user equipment at a plurality of times in the time interval. The apparatus further comprises means for determining, from the overdetermined system of equations, one or more estimates of the user equipment position at one or more respective times in the time interval.
G01S 5/00 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance
G01S 5/02 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance utilisant les ondes radioélectriques
G01S 5/10 - Position du récepteur obtenue par coordination de plusieurs lignes de position définies par des mesures de différence de parcours
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
69.
ALLOCATION OF GROUP WAKE-UP SIGNAL (GWUS) RESOURCES
Approaches for allocation of Group Wake-up Signal (GWUS) resources to a User Equipment (UE) are described. In one example, a pre-emption request may be received from a requesting UE in communication with a communication network for allocation of a GWUS resource. Thereafter, a served UE may be caused to release a first GWUS resource allocated to the served UE. Subsequently, the first GWUS resource may be allocated to the requesting UE.
This specification describes systems, methods and apparatus for positioning user equipment and/or managing positioning resources. According to a first aspect of this specification, there is described an apparatus comprising: means for determining a degree of overdetermination for an overdetermined system of equations for a user equipment position based at least on: position derivative data comprising an indication that the D-th derivative of the user equipment position is constant over a time interval, wherein D is a positive non-null integer; and a plurality of sequences of positioning data for the user equipment, each sequence of positioning data in the plurality of sequences of positioning data being associated with a respective anchor node in a plurality of anchor nodes and comprising positioning data for the user equipment at a plurality of times in the time interval. The apparatus further comprises means for causing, based on the degree of overdetermination, one or more adjustments to one or more positioning resources used to determine the user equipment position.
G01S 5/02 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance utilisant les ondes radioélectriques
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for positioning for energy harvesting devices. The method can include determining, by a network element, at least one parameter with which to conduct a positioning estimation process based on an energy report received from a device. The energy report may indicate limitations of energy of the device. The method may also include controlling one or more base stations to conduct the positioning estimation process with the device based on the determination of the at least one parameter, and estimating a position of the device based on a positioning measurement report received from the device.
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
G01S 5/02 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance utilisant les ondes radioélectriques
G01S 5/00 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance
H04W 4/02 - Services utilisant des informations de localisation
Example embodiments of the present disclosure are related to AI/ML-related data collection. A method comprises: receiving, at a first apparatus and from a second apparatus, configuration information for monitoring of a group common physical downlink control channel (GC-PDCCH) associated with artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML)-related data collection; monitoring the GC-PDCCH associated with the AI/ML-related data collection based on the configuration information; in accordance with a determination that the GC-PDCCH is detected, determining, from the detected GC-PDCCH, indication information for enablement or disablement of the AI/ML-related data collection; and performing an action on an AI/ML-related data collection process based on the indication information.
A method, apparatus and computer program is described comprising: receiving configuration information relating to a device of a wireless communication system; determining activation and distribution of channel state information error processing modules based, at least in part, on the received configuration information and setting a channel state information processing mode of operation accordingly; providing a mode of operation message defining a channel state information processing mode of operation for use by the device; and receiving channel state information from the device in accordance with the defined mode of operation.
H04L 1/00 - Dispositions pour détecter ou empêcher les erreurs dans l'information reçue
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: sampling a positioning reference signal received at a user device of a mobile communication system from a communication node of the mobile communication system, wherein the received positioning reference signal is a multipath signal having a line of sight component; processing the sampled received positioning reference signal with the positioning reference signal as transmitted by the communication node; identifying, based on said processing, signal paths from the communication node to the user device relative to an angle of departure of the positioning reference signal; and generating a model to estimate at least one of an orientation of the user device and a gain of the one or more identified signal paths of the multipath signal.
H04L 5/00 - Dispositions destinées à permettre l'usage multiple de la voie de transmission
G01S 5/02 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance utilisant les ondes radioélectriques
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
75.
TRUST RELATED MANAGEMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE OR MACHINE LEARNING PIPELINES IN RELATION TO ADVERSARIAL ROBUSTNESS
There are provided measures for trust related management of artificial intelligence or machine learning pipelines in relation to adversarial robustness. Such measures exemplarily comprise, at a first network entity managing artificial intelligence or machine learning trustworthiness in a network, transmitting a first artificial intelligence or machine learning trustworthiness related message towards a second network entity managing artificial intelligence or machine learning trustworthiness in an artificial intelligence or machine learning pipeline in said network, and receiving a second artificial intelligence or machine learning trustworthiness related message from said second network entity, wherein said first artificial intelligence or machine learning trustworthiness related message is related to artificial intelligence or machine learning model adversarial robustness as a trustworthiness sub-factor, said second artificial intelligence or machine learning trustworthiness related message is related to artificial intelligence or machine learning model adversarial robustness as said trustworthiness sub-factor, and said first artificial intelligence or machine learning trustworthiness related message comprises a first information element including at least one first artificial intelligence or machine learning model adversarial robustness related parameter.
There is provided an apparatus comprising means for: obtaining, from a network repository function, profile information for one or more gateway network functions; selecting one of the one or more gateway network functions for delivering media to a user equipment based on the profile information; and establishing a media session to deliver the media to the user equipment via the selected gateway network function.
H04L 65/1045 - Mandataires, p. ex. pour le protocole d'initiation de session [SIP]
H04L 65/80 - Dispositions, protocoles ou services dans les réseaux de communication de paquets de données pour prendre en charge les applications en temps réel en répondant à la qualité des services [QoS]
An apparatus for generating information to assist rendering an audio scene, the apparatus including circuitry configured to: obtain an audio signal; obtain a scene parameter associated with the audio signal, the scene parameter being configured to define a position within the audio scene; obtain an anchor parameter associated with the audio signal, wherein the anchor parameter is associated with a listening space anchor located within a listening space during rendering and the anchor parameter is configured to assist in mapping the position within the listening space, the listening space being a virtual and/or physical space within which the audio scene is rendered, wherein the mapped position is scaled to fit within the listening space and/or the mapped position at least in part modifies the listening space; and generate a bitstream including the audio signal, the scene parameter, and an anchor parameter.
An apparatus configured to perform as a user equipment of a first type, determine, based on system information of a cell, whether the cell supports user equipments of the first type, and responsive to determining that the cell does not support the user equipments of the first type, suppress indicating to the cell that the user equipment is of the first type, and provide to the cell an indication of radio access capabilities of the user equipment.
Examples of the disclosure relate to apparatus, methods and computer programs for providing spatial audio. In examples of the disclosure speech or other sources of a first category can be identified. Spatial information relating to the speech or sources of a first category can be determined using data obtained from audio signals. The identified speech or other sources of a first category can then be spatially reproduced using the spatial information. This can enable the speech or other sources of a first category to be enhanced compared to other parts of the sound signals. This can provide for improved spatial audio content.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable storage media for monitoring performance of channel classification. A first apparatus transmits a discovery request for device discovery via sidelink communication. The first apparatus receives, from at least one candidate device, at least one respective discovery response comprising a location information status of a corresponding one of the at least one candidate device. The first apparatus transmits a candidate device list with the location information status to a second apparatus for localizing the first apparatus. In this way, both a target UE and a located UE with expired location can be efficiently localized without degradation in an achievable localization accuracy.
The present disclosure relates to a solution for PDCCH repetition. In particular, a terminal device determines transmission resources for a set of repetitions of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The terminal device monitors the set of repetitions of the PDCCH from a network device based on the transmission resources. In this way, it can reduce latency for the terminal device and can also decrease a buffer size at the terminal device.
H04W 72/231 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources dans le sens descendant de la liaison sans fil, c.-à-d. en direction du terminal les données de commande provenant des couches au-dessus de la couche physique, p. ex. signalisation RRC ou MAC-CE
Techniques are disclosed for user equipment authentication in a shared access network environment. In one example, a method comprises establishing, via a first access management entity in a first communication network that has a radio access network associated therewith, a secure connection with a second access management entity in a second communication network to which user equipment subscribes, and facilitating, via the first access management entity, authentication of the user equipment in conjunction with the second access management entity over the secure connection to enable the user equipment to utilize the radio access network of the first communication network to access the second communication network.
There are provided measures for flow-specific congestion handling. Such measures may include deciding, for a first congestion notification marking enabled traffic flow, parameter information for modifying a congestion notification marking rate to be applied to said first congestion notification marking enabled traffic flow, and transmitting, towards a network entity, a message including said parameter information.
An apparatus configured to: receive, from a network node, a configuration for one or more resource elements having zero power; receive downlink control information, wherein the downlink control information comprises, at least, an aperiodic indication for triggering resource elements having zero power; and determine a number of co-scheduled user equipments in a physical downlink shared channel based, at least partially, on at least one of: an index associated with the one or more resource elements, a number of the one or more resource elements, or a number of the one or more resource elements triggered with the aperiodic indication; and identify co-scheduled-UE interferer information based on the number of co-scheduled-UEs and the resource elements having zero power. The co-scheduled-UE interferer information includes determination of the MO, FDRA and DMRS ports of each co-scheduled UE.
H04W 72/0453 - Ressources du domaine fréquentiel, p. ex. porteuses dans des AMDF [FDMA]
H04W 72/232 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources dans le sens descendant de la liaison sans fil, c.-à-d. en direction du terminal les données de commande provenant de la couche physique, p. ex. signalisation DCI
An apparatus is provided comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform transmitting a data transmission while the apparatus is in a radio resource control idle state or radio resource control inactive state; receiving a monitoring configuration for use by the apparatus subsequent to transmission of the data transmission; and monitoring at least one downlink channel based, at least in part, on the received monitoring configuration.
H04W 72/231 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources dans le sens descendant de la liaison sans fil, c.-à-d. en direction du terminal les données de commande provenant des couches au-dessus de la couche physique, p. ex. signalisation RRC ou MAC-CE
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for restrictions for a radio access network based notification area (RNA) update procedure during a small data transmission (SDT) procedure. In example embodiments, the first device initiates the SDT procedure. Then, the first device restricts performing of the RNA update procedure during the SDT procedure.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for radio resource management or radio link monitoring. The method may include receiving from a network element a signal including information for a measurement relaxation. The method may also include determining whether the measurement relaxation is allowed. The method may further include performing relaxed or non-relaxed measurements based on the determination.
An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: determine a first allocation comprising at least one of: a first time-domain allocation comprising at least one symbol within a slot associated with a first reference signal transmission, or a first frequency-domain allocation comprising at least one subcarrier within a physical resource block associated with the first reference signal transmission, or a first code-domain allocation comprising a sequence associated with the first reference signal transmission, or a first space-domain allocation comprising a beam associated with the first reference signal transmission; and determine a physical sidelink feedback channel transmission resource for a physical sidelink feedback channel transmission in response to the first reference signal transmission at least based on the determined first allocation.
The present disclosure relates to a solution for PDCCH repetition. In particular, a terminal device determines transmission resources for a set of repetitions of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The terminal device monitors the set of repetitions of the PDCCH from a network device based on the transmission resources. In this way, it can reduce latency for the terminal device and can also decrease a buffer size at the terminal device.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to sub-band switching. In an example method, an apparatus groups a plurality of devices in a radio access network into a plurality of groups. The apparatus determines a plurality of criticality levels of the plurality of groups, a plurality of switching delays of the plurality of groups based on the plurality of criticality levels, a plurality of initial switching delays of the plurality of groups, and a time deadline for switching the plurality of groups from a first sub-band to a second sub-band. The apparatus performs the switching of the plurality of groups based on the plurality of switching delays. In this way, the switching delay for each group can be determined.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus configured to obtain, from a network, a machine learning model representing a first apparatus as a first cube with six first faces, the machine learning model being configured to output probabilities for at least a subset of the six first faces, that a signal will be received through a respective first face, select, based at least in part on the machine learning model and at least information specifying directions from which wireless signals from the network are determined to arrive at the apparatus, one or more antenna panels of the apparatus, and direct the apparatus to perform a radio measurement of the wireless signals from the network using the selected one or more antenna panels.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable storage media for monitoring performance of channel classification. A first apparatus obtains, from a second apparatus, first information of one or more parameters used for a channel classification at least associated with at least one feature for classifying a channel and the number of classes. The first apparatus monitors at least the one or more parameters with respect to a performance of the channel classification, and transmits, based on the monitoring and to the second apparatus, second information for improving the performance of the channel classification.
G01S 5/02 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance utilisant les ondes radioélectriques
G06F 18/2413 - Techniques de classification relatives au modèle de classification, p. ex. approches paramétriques ou non paramétriques basées sur les distances des motifs d'entraînement ou de référence
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
93.
UE-INITIATED SWITCH OF PDCCH LINK IN SINGLE-DCI SCENARIO
An apparatus configured to: determine a quality of a first link with a first transmission point of a network node, wherein the first link is configured to carry a PDCCH; determine a quality of a second link with a second transmission point of the network node; determine to switch the PDCCH from the first link to the second link; and transmit, to the network node, a request to switch the PDCCH from the first link to the second link. An apparatus configured to: receive, from a UE, a request to switch a PDCCH from a first link to a second link, wherein the first link is provided via a first transmission point, wherein the second link is provided via a second transmission point; and transmit, to the user equipment, an acknowledgement of the request to switch the PDCCH from the first link to the second link.
A plurality of DRBs may be configured for UDC. The DRBs configured for UDC may only be activated for UDC operation upon UE request. The UE may cause selected DRBs to be activated for UDC operation using an uplink RRC message, a user plane control PDU, or a PDCP/SDAP header in a data PDU. A base station may transmit, to a UE, a UDC configuration configuring one or more DRBs to support UDC for the UE without initial UDC operation activation; receive, from the UE, an indication to activate at least one DRB with UDC configured for UDC operation; and, in response to the indication, at least one of: perform, locally, a PDCP entity re-establishment procedure associated with the at least one DRB, or inform the UE to perform a PDCP entity re-establishment procedure associated with the at least one DRB.
According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus. The apparatus causes transmitting, by a terminal device, a first message comprising a capability value set index and a synchronization signal block resource index, SSBRI, or a channel state information reference signal resource index, CRI. The capability value set index is associated with a sounding reference signal, SRS, resource set. The apparatus causes the terminal device to receive a second message defining a transmission configuration indication, TCI, state comprising a quasi co-location, QCL, -TypeD reference signal corresponding to the SSBRI or CRI or being quasi co-located in terms of QCL-TypeD with a reference signal corresponding to the SSBRI or CRI. The apparatus causes the terminal device to active or indicate the TCI state. If the SRS resource set is different from an active SRS resource set, the apparatus applies a pre-defined latency time between application and expected triggering of the SRS resource set.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
96.
RESOURCE BLOCK PATTERN FOR PUNCTURED PHYSICAL BROADCAST CHANNEL
Disclosed is a method comprising receiving an indication indicating at least one resource block pattern of a set of pre-defined resource block patterns for a physical broadcast channel, wherein the at least one resource block pattern indicates at least one non-punctured resource block used for transmission of the physical broadcast channel, and at least one punctured resource block that is not used for the transmission of the physical broadcast channel; and detecting the physical broadcast channel based at least partly on the at least one resource block pattern.
There is provided an method, apparatus, and computer program that causes a first apparatus to: perform first positioning measurements using beamforming on transmissions made by a first user equipment to obtain first soft positioning information relating to the location of the first user equipment; and provide the first soft positioning information to at least one of a second apparatus and/or a location function located in a core network.
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
G01S 5/02 - Localisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de direction ou de ligne de positionLocalisation par coordination de plusieurs déterminations de distance utilisant les ondes radioélectriques
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
H04W 16/28 - Structures des cellules utilisant l'orientation du faisceau
H04W 24/10 - Planification des comptes-rendus de mesures
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to adjustment of contention window (CW) for listen before talk (LBT). A device determines a target size of a contention window for listen before talk at least in part based on at least one of a first metric and a second metric. The first metric indicates a level of intra-system activity of one of the plurality of systems. The second metric indicates a level of inter-system activity of the plurality of systems. The at least one of first and second metrics are determined by the device based on one or more messages in a set of resources shared by a plurality of systems. This solution enables the device to adjust the LBT by determining the target size of the contention window. By doing so, the device may determine an appropriate size of the contention window even when HARQ feedback is not available. In this way, a system may be able to coexist fairly with other systems in unlicensed spectrum.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for a first device, comprising: receiving a first radio transmission from a third device; determining, based on the received first radio transmission, at least one radio resource expected to be used for communication by the third device; determining a first direction from which the first radio transmission from the third device is received at the first device; determining a radio resource set based on the determined at least one radio resource and the determined first direction; and selecting one or more radio resources from the determined radio resource set for communication with a second device or transmitting the determined radio resource set to the second device or a network entity.
An apparatus configured to perform as a user equipment of a first type, receive system information from a cell and determine, based on the system information, that the cell does not support user equipments of the first type, and determine, whether to camp on the cell or to not camp on the cell.
H04W 48/10 - Distribution d'informations relatives aux restrictions d'accès ou aux accès, p. ex. distribution de données d'exploration utilisant des informations radiodiffusées