Examples of the disclosure relate to spatial audio processing. An apparatus obtains at least two audio signals based on signals from at least two microphones. The apparatus performs a first spatial audio processing of the obtained audio signals for at least a first frequency range to generate a first output and performs a second spatial audio processing of the obtained audio signals for at least a second frequency range to generate a second output. The signal processing operations of the first spatial audio processing include processing based on parametric audio and the signal processing operations of the second spatial audio processing include processing based on beamforming audio. The apparatus combines the first output and the second output to generate a combined output.
There is provided an apparatus comprising: means for receiving, on a source cell, a radio resource control configuration for at least one candidate cell including first configuration information and second configuration information; means for decoding the first configuration information; means for performing the at least one measurement based on the first configuration information; means for transmitting, on the source cell, a measurement report comprising at least one result of the at least one measurement; means for receiving, on the source cell, a message triggering the apparatus to decode the second configuration information; means for decoding the second configuration information; means for receiving, on the source cell, a command to switch the apparatus to a target cell selected amongst the at least one candidate cell; and means for switching to the target cell based on the second configuration information.
Mechanism on disruptive signal discovery is provided. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, if a first device determines that an anomaly behavior occurs at a second device, the first device transmits a measurement configuration to a set of third devices. The measurement configuration is used for detecting a source of the anomaly behavior. The set of third devices measure a disruptive signal based on the measurement configuration and transmit information relating to the second device to the first device. In this way, the source of the anomaly behavior can be detected and localized. Moreover, the integrity of the positioning session can be preserved.
Techniques of determining whether to hand over a user equipment to a new base station include requesting power state information from a neighbouring base to see if the power state of the neighbouring BS is sufficient to serve a UE unable to be served by the current BS due to being in a minimum power mode, DL average power control Region #2. For example, when one BS enters DL average power control Region #2, the BS starts to coordinate with its neighbouring BSs to determine whether the neighbouring BSs are not in Region #2 and exchange segments information. The BS coordinates with UEs at a cell-edge to know if switching the UEs at the cell-edge to neighbouring BS(s) can improve their QoS (throughput).
H04W 52/36 - Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
H04W 36/30 - Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
H04W 52/24 - TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
H04W 52/26 - TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
Apparatus and methods for processing information of Layer 1 measurements taken by a communication device are disclosed. In the processing information of timing of Layer 1 measurements is used to adapt the Layer 1 measurements with Layer 2 filtering.
An apparatus configured to receive, from a provisioning server, a request to create at least one sub-profile of at least one profile stored within an embedded universal integrated circuit card of the apparatus; wherein the request comprises encrypted subscription data comprising a symmetric key between a service provider and a user of the apparatus; store the symmetric key within the embedded universal integrated circuit card of the apparatus; and create the at least one sub-profile of the at least one profile stored within the embedded universal integrated circuit card of the apparatus; wherein the at least one sub-profile of the at least one profile stored within the embedded universal integrated circuit card of the apparatus is configured to be used to authenticate the user of the apparatus to the service provider with use of the symmetric key without involvement of a mobile network operator.
The embodiments relate to a method for encoding and decoding, and to apparatuses for the same. The method for encapsulating includes receiving a visual volumetric video-based coding bitstream containing common atlas bitstream and one or more atlas bitstreams; storing the common atlas bitstream and the one of the one or more atlas bitstreams in samples of one track or in an item data of one item in a file; providing a signaling in the file that indicates that the samples of the one track or the item data of the one item contains both common atlas data and atlas data; and writing in the file the signaling and the samples of the one track or the item data of the one item containing both common atlas data and atlas data. The embodiments also relate to a method for decapsulating and apparatuses for implementing the method for encapsulating and decapsulating.
H04N 21/235 - Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors
H04N 19/46 - Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
H04N 19/70 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
8.
RAN ENHANCEMENT TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CBS BEHAVIOUR IN TSC
Resource reservation and/or scheduling may take credit-based shaper algorithm/queue behavior, in time sensitive communication, into account. A base station may schedule resources for transmission of time sensitive networking packets based on the state of the credit based shaper queue. The state of the credit based shaper queue may be determined based on real-time credit-based simper assistant information, in an uplink scenario, or output of a simulator of a real-time credit-based shaper queue, in a downlink scenario, or a combination of real-time credit-based shaper assistant information and simulator output.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to small data transmission. A terminal device performs a transmission, in a small data transmission, SDT, procedure utilizing a resource associated with a selected Synchronization Signal and PBCH block, SSB. The selected SSB is selected from one or more SSBs available for the SDT procedure. And monitor the selected SSB for a downlink, DL, reception for a period of time. The period of time is based on at least one of: a timer, a time window, a counter of slot, a part of the SDT procedure. The solution for SDT as provided in the present disclosure can keep the DL SSB consistent between terminal device and the network device during the SDT procedure.
An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: obtaining movement type data from one or more of a set of one or more users, wherein the movement type data includes an indication of an object being put into a vehicle by one of said users and an indication of the object being removed from the vehicle by one of said users; and identifying a condition in which the object is in the vehicle and none of the set of one or more users is within the vehicle.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and a computer readable storage medium for transmitting a TSC stream via a TSN enabled TN. In the solution, multiple TN streams associated with the multiple candidate network devices respectively may be established in the TSN enabled TN between the UPF and the multiple candidate network devices, where at least one of the multiple TN streams is used for transmitting the packets of the TSC stream between the UPF and the terminal device via a corresponding candidate network device.
An apparatus configured to: determine a sub-network configuration; transmit, to a base station, a request to register the apparatus as an access point for a sub-network operated according to the determined sub-network configuration, wherein a priority is associated with the sub-network; and receive, from the base station, a resource grant for the sub-network. An apparatus configured to: receive, from a user equipment, a request to register the user equipment as an access point for a sub-network operated according to a sub-network configuration, wherein a priority is associated with the sub-network; compare the priority associated with the sub-network with a threshold value; generate a resource grant for the sub-network comprising, at least, at least one frequency band for the user equipment to operate the sub- network; store the at least one frequency band for the sub-network; and transmit, to the user equipment, the resource grant.
Examples of the disclosure relate to access control for network energy saving. In examples of the disclosure an apparatus receives, from a network node, at least one network energy saving mode parameter of the network node and at least one evaluation criterion for the apparatus to determine whether to initiate an access procedure with the network node. The apparatus determines, based on the at least one network energy saving mode parameter and the at least one evaluation criterion, whether to initiate the access procedure with the network node.
As an aspect, there is provided an apparatus suitable for determining at least one compressed quantization level for conveying measurement data for inference input of at least one machine learning model, wherein the determining is based on experimenting machine learning model inference accuracy with one or more candidates for the at least one compressed quantization level.
Apparatus and methods for user equipment mobility handling in the presence of Fixed Wireless Access cells in a radio access network A user equipment (UE) identifies a target cell for cell reselection and determines whether the UE is a FWA UE or a non-FWA UE based on subscriber information for the UE or a mobility state of the UE. The UE, based on determining it is a non-FWA UE, determines whether the target cell is a Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) cell or a non-FWA cell, based on determining that the target cell is a non-FWA cell, the UE accesses (e.g., reselects to) the target cell, and based on determining that the target cell is a FWA cell, determines whether an override condition is met, and based on determining the override condition is met, the accesses the FWA cell; based on determining the override condition is not met, the UE identifies a new target cell. Otherwise, the UE, based on determining that it is a FWA UE, accesses the target cell.
The disclosure relates to source distributed unit (S-DU) controlled timing advance (TA) acquisition. In particular, it proposes a solution that enables the network to know whether the TA of the S-DU can be used when the UE of the S-DU or source cell needs to execute handover towards the T-DU or target cell. In particular, the S-DU determines whether the TA value of the S-DU is same as that of the T-DU. If the S-DU and the T-DU share the same TA value, the S-DU informs the CU of the S-DU that the S-DU and the T-DU share the same TA value. The CU informs the T- DU to release resources for acquiring the TA value. The S-DU does not trigger the UE to obtain the TA for the T-DU. In this way, it avoids interruption on the UE side for each unnecessary TA acquisition and performance degradation.
There is provided a method at a user equipment, comprising: receiving information of transmission schedule from a second cell, wherein the apparatus is capable of receiving from one cell at a time; determining, based on the received transmission schedule, that transmissions from the second cell cannot be received within limits set by a gap configuration of a first cell, wherein the apparatus is in radio resource control (RRC) connected state with respect to the first cell; transmitting to the second cell an indication that the transmissions from the second cell cannot be received based on the transmission schedule; and receiving information of a modified transmission schedule from the second cell.
An apparatus for generating a spatialized audio output based on a listener position, the apparatus including circuitry configured to: obtain two or more audio signal sets; obtain a listener position within an audio environment, wherein the audio environment includes one or more area having one or more inside and outside regions in relation to the respective audio signal set positions; obtain metadata based on a processing of the at least two audio signals; determine, for the listener position within an audio environment outside the inside region, a second listener position; determine modified metadata for the second listener position based on the metadata; determine at least two modified audio signals for the second listener position based on the at least two audio signals; determine spatial metadata for the listener position; and output the at least two modified audio signals and the spatial metadata.
There is provided a method, computer program, and apparatus for performing: determining, based on at least one condition of a reporting apparatus, a first measurement reporting configuration wherein the first measurement reporting configuration comprises at least one of: a list of at least one allowable window size for reporting valid taps, a maximum number of windows for reporting valid taps, or a maximum frequency of reporting measurement information comprising valid taps; signalling, to the reporting apparatus, the first measurement reporting configuration and a request for the reporting apparatus to select a second measurement reporting configuration to be used by the reporting apparatus based on the first measurement reporting configuration; receiving, from the reporting apparatus, a measurement report according to the second measurement reporting configuration; and using at least one value comprised in the measurement report as an input to an artificial intelligence and/or machine learning model.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for transmitting a feedback during wireless communication. A first apparatus (90) comprises means (910) for performing: receiving a transmission; transmitting a first feedback in response to the transmission. The first apparatus uses a plurality of resource blocks to form an interlace for the first feedback. The plurality of resource blocks comprises a first resource block, and at least one second resource block. A second resource block in the at least one second resource block is configured to be reusable for the first feedback, and a second feedback transmitted by a second apparatus. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, an improved manner for transmitting a feedback during wireless communication may be provided. Resource blocks may be reusable for more than one feedback from more than one apparatus. Thus, the number of required RBs to enable interlace/feedback may be reduced.
Devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media are provided. A terminal device may receive location service user plane (LCUP) assistance information in a control plane (CP) positioning protocol signaling. The LCUP assistance information includes at least one of addressing information of an LCUP function instance, correlation information, and security information for establishing an user plane (UP) session. The LCUP function instance is associated with a location management function (LMF) selected for serving the terminal device. The terminal device can establish a secured UP connection between the terminal device and the LCUP function instance by using the LCUP assistance information so as to perform a UP positioning operation using the LCUP function instance. Thus, it may ensure the UE to establish a secured connection with the LCUP associated with the serving LMF, thereby CP location operation through the UP interaction between the terminal device and the LUCP associated with LMF.
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
H04L 61/4511 - Network directoriesName-to-address mapping using standardised directoriesNetwork directoriesName-to-address mapping using standardised directory access protocols using domain name system [DNS]
H04W 8/22 - Processing or transfer of terminal data, e.g. status or physical capabilities
A method includes determining, by a user device in a wireless network, at least two physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) allocations overlapping in time domain and corresponding to at least two PUSCH transmissions for use in transmitting at least one uplink control information (UCI); and mapping, by the user device, the at least one UCI to at least one of the following: one of the at least two PUSCH allocations; separately to each of the at least two PUSCH allocations; or across the at least two PUSCH allocations; wherein the mapping is based on at least one of: one or more configured or pre-defined rules, or at least one an indication received by the user device from a network node, and wherein each of the at least two PUSCH allocations includes resources allocated to the user device for a PUSCH transmission.
Examples of the disclosure relate to access control for network energy saving. An apparatus determines to perform a connection request and perform an evaluation whether to initiate an access procedure with a network node. The evaluation comprises using at least one network energy saving mode parameter in an evaluation criterion. The apparatus initiates the access procedure with a network node based on whether the evaluation criterion is satisfied.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and a computer readable storage medium for service deployment on computing nodes. A first apparatus, such as a CNC controller, may receive a service deployment request from a terminal device for a specific service to be deployed. The first apparatus determines, based on the service deployment request, a user plane function (UPF) and one or more computing nodes that are to be used for the specific service. The first apparatus causes triggering of a deployment of the specific service on the one or more computing nodes and causes triggering, for the specific service, of an establishment of a path associated with the terminal device, the UPF, and the one or more computing nodes. The first apparatus then transmits, to the terminal device, a service deployment response indicating that the specific service has been deployed.
Based on determining at a UE that at least a time offset between any two consecutive first valid physical random-access channel occasions of any two consecutive sets of physical random-access channel occasions per time period is configured, wherein sets of physical random-access channel occasions are for performing multiple transmissions of preamble(s) for a RACH with a same transmission beam, performing at least the following: determining set(s) of physical random-access channel occasions per time period, wherein the set(s) are for performing multiple transmissions of preamble(s) for a RACH with different transmission beams and wherein the set(s) are different from any set(s) for performing multiple transmissions of preamble(s) for a RACH with the same transmission beam in the time period; selecting a set from the set(s) of physical random-access channel occasions per time period; and performing multiple transmissions of preamble(s) for a RACH with different transmission beams on the selected set.
H04W 74/0833 - Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
There is herein disclosed an apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions for a sensing management function. The execution of the instructions causes the apparatus to perform at least: receiving, from a sensing client of a wireless communication system, a sensing service request for a sensing service provided by the sensing management function, wherein the sensing service request comprises a requested quality of service for the sensing service, determining, a sensing configuration for a sensing session for the sensing service based at least on the requested quality of service for the sensing service, based on the sensing configuration, configuring a sensing system comprising at least one radio access network node and/or at least one user equipment to perform sensing, determining whether a quality of service of the sensing session for the sensing service meets the requested quality of service based on sensing data received from the at least one radio access network node and/or user equipment, and notifying the sensing client, based on the determination that the quality of service of the sensing session for the sensing service does not meet the requested quality of service.
A method for rendering reverberation, the method comprising: obtaining a reverberated signal based on a listener position within an acoustic environment; obtaining a listener position within a reproduction space; obtaining at least one reverberator output channel position; obtaining a position of at least one loudspeaker based on the at least one reverberator output channel position and the listener position within the reproduction space; determining a gain based on the position of the at least one loudspeaker, the listener position within the reproduction space, and the reverberator output channel position; applying the gain on the reverberated signal; and generating a loudspeaker signal to be reproduced from the at least one loudspeaker based on the applied gain on the reverberated signal.
According to an example aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method comprising obtaining a time-domain allocation for an uplink transmission, the time-domain allocation indicating a number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM, symbols individually comprising a cyclic prefix part and a payload part, reducing a number of time samples of a cyclic prefix part of an OFDM symbol of the number of OFDM symbols by a first number of time samples to yield a second number of time samples for the cyclic prefix part of the OFDM symbol, determining values for the first number of time samples for enhancement of a time-domain waveform of the uplink transmission, and performing the uplink transmission according to the time-domain allocation and based at least in part on the values for the first time samples.
There is provided a method performed by a user equipment, the method comprising: supporting at least one of a first reception mode with only one receive (Rx) branch or a second reception mode with at least two Rx branches; detecting, from a network node associated with a cell, at least one of a first barring indication associated with the first reception mode or a second bar-ring indication associated with the second reception mode; determining whether a predetermined condition is met based on the supported at least one reception mode and at least one of the first barring indication and the second barring indication; and determining that the cell is barred for the user equipment when the predetermined condition is met.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to measurement relaxation. In an aspect, a terminal device determines a short discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle and a long DRX cycle configured for the terminal device. Based on at least one of the short DRX cycle or the long DRX cycle, the terminal device determines at least one of (i) whether the terminal device is allowed to relax a measurement, or (ii) a relaxed evaluation period for the measurement. In this way, the UE behavior is predictable and thus communication efficiency or effectiveness in a communication system can be improved.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer-readable storage medium for communication. In some example embodiments, a terminal device receives an indication for a retransmission of a protocol data unit comprising data of a Data Radio Bearer (DRB). The terminal device activates, at the terminal device, a target secondary Radio Link Control (RLC) entity of one or more secondary RLC entities configured for the data of the DRB, the target secondary RLC entity being associated with at least one serving cell that is in an activated mode or in an activation procedure.
According to an example embodiment, a client device (100) comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the client device to: obtain a plurality of timing advances for the client device from a plurality of network node devices (300) wherein a timing advance of the plurality of timing advances is associated with a network node device of the plurality of network node devices respectively; deliver the plurality of timing advances to a location management device; and receive, from the location management device, a positioning reference unit (301) selection indicating at least one positioning reference unit for the client device.
Light guiding apparatuses include diffractive optics. A light guiding member includes a stack of layers and multiple interfaces between respective layers. The layers are arranged to enable light to be guided through the light guiding member via internal reflections. The apparatus also includes an in-coupling diffractive element configured to in-couple one or more input beams of light into the first layer of the light guiding member and an out-coupling diffractive element configured to out-couple the one or more beams of light from the light guiding member. The in-coupling diffractive element and the out-coupling diffractive element are provided on the first layer of the light guiding member. The light guiding member includes more than three layers and the refractive index of at least one of the respective layers or the respective interfaces decreases from the first layer through the stack of layers.
Certain examples provide first User Equipment, UE, (110_1) comprising: means (11) for receiving, from a network node (140), information indicative of: i) a request (202) to determine information indicative of a position (P110_2) of a second UE (110_2) based at least in part on a set of one or more characteristics (C110_2) of the second UE, wherein each characteristic of the set is a non-unique characteristic that more than one UE can have, and ii) the set of one or more characteristics of the second UE; means (11) for determining a set of one or more characteristics (C110_i) of a UE (110_i), wherein the determination is performed based at least in part on the received information; means for performing a comparison of: the determined set of one or more characteristics of the UE, with the received set of one or more characteristics of the second UE; means (11) for determining a position of the UE, wherein the determination of the position is performed based at least in part on the comparison; and means (11) for sending, to the network node, information indicative of the position of the second UE, wherein the position of the second UE is defined as the position of the UE.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for capability restriction reporting. In a method, a first apparatus receives a measurement configuration from a second apparatus in a first network. The measurement configuration indicates a frequency layer and a list of neighboring cells. Based on the measurement configuration, the first apparatus performs at least one measurement and determines that a neighboring cell in the list of neighboring cells is qualified to operate as a serving cell and a capability of the first apparatus is restricted for the neighboring cell. In response to the determining, the first apparatus transmits a measurement report to the second apparatus. The measurement report indicates the neighboring cell and a restriction of the capability of the first apparatus for the neighboring cell.
In accordance with example embodiments of the invention there is at least a method or an apparatus to perform communicating or creating in a communication network information comprising an intended resource usage table indication, identifying specific resources needed and a current number of tokens; communicating or creating an intended resource usage table identifying specific resources provided over a period of time for an allocation period in a communication network; communicating a resource allocation for application by the initiating distributed unit, wherein the resource allocation is using an allocating distributed unit intended resource usage table based on the intended resource usage table from allocating distributed unit; and applying the resource allocation.
According to various, but not necessarily all, examples there is provided an apparatus comprising: means for determining control plane, CP, information associated with a plurality of radio access network control planes, RAN-CPs; means for determining, based at least in part on the CP information, information to enable a determination to which of the plurality of RAN-CPs to transfer a user equipment, UE, context and a logical termination of the UE CP; and means for transmitting towards at least one RAN- CP, the information to enable a determination to which of the plurality of RAN-CPs to transfer the UE context and the logical termination of the UE CP.
A communication network supporting mobility of a user equipment moving through cells supported by different network node. During a period where the user equipment is applying lower layer triggered mobility and is periodically performing measurements related to candidate cells or beams, the user equipment may receive a deactivation message indicating at least one of said candidate cells or beams is deactivated; and in response the user equipment may at least temporarily stop at least one of the following: performing or reporting at least one of the measurements related to the at least one deactivated cell or beam; or selecting the deactivated cell for handover.
A method for user equipment-to-user equipment (U2U) relay reselection for multi-hop U2U relays is provided and may include determining, when triggered to perform a reselection of at least one relay device, one or more candidate responding devices, among a plurality of devices in a relaying communication chain and transmitting at least one relay discovery message to the one or more candidate responding devices or to one or more candidate relay devices for connecting to the one or more candidate responding devices. The method may also include selecting a responding device from among the one or more candidate responding devices based on receiving one or more received discovery response messages, directly from the one or more candidate responding devices, or via at least one candidate relay device.
An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: receiving, from a central unit of the target network node, a configuration for conditional release of a source cell, the configuration for conditional release being determined based on a configured condition; providing, to the central unit of the target network node, scheduling information of uplink resources for one or more L1 measurement reports from a user device; receiving, from the user device, the one or more L1 measurement reports on the uplink resources in accordance with the scheduling information; evaluating whether the configured condition has been met, based on the one or more received L1 measurement reports and the received condition configuration for conditional release; transmitting an indication indicative of the user device to release the source cell in the event that the configured condition has been met; and receiving a confirmation message from the user device confirming release of the source cell.
An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: sending a handover request from a source network node to a target network node, requesting a RRC configuration (LTM) and a second RRC configuration (DAPS); receiving a handover response from the target network node, the handover response including the requested first and second RRC configurations; providing an RRC reconfiguration message to a user device, wherein the RRC reconfiguration message includes the first and second RRC configurations; receiving at least one measurement report from the UE; transmitting, to the user device an indication indicating which of two handover types, associated with the first and second RRC configuration respectively, is to be used.
There is provided a method performed by a first network node, the method comprising: transmitting, to a second network node associated with a candidate target cell of a layer 1/layer 2 triggered mobility (LTM) handover, a request to assign scheduling request indicator (SRI) resources for a user equipment that may be handed over from a source cell associated with the first network node to the candidate target cell; receiving, from the second network node, an indication of the assigned SRI resources; and transmitting the indication of the assigned SRI resources to the user equipment, wherein the SRI resources are useable by the user equipment for performing a transmission in connection of the LTM handover.
A method comprising: receiving, from a sensing data management function or a session management function, a request to set up a sensing data session for exchanging sensing data between the RAN node and a sensing data processing unit; configuring the RAN node for the sensing data session in response to receiving the request; associating the sensing data session with a sensing data reporting function of the RAN node to provide the sensing data for the transmission to the sensing data processing unit, wherein the sensing data is collected by the RAN node.
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
45.
AN APPARATUS, A METHOD AND A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR VIDEO CODING AND DECODING
A method comprising: decoding encoded samples of blocks of video sample data; determining at least one template region for at least a first block of video sample data, wherein the template region comprises a set of reconstructed samples at predetermined locations with respect to said first block of video sample data; performing, for the at least one template region, a decoder-side intra mode derivation process to obtain decoder-side intra mode derivation parameters; adjusting the decoder-side intra mode derivation parameters into a reduced precision; storing the adjusted decoder-side intra mode derivation parameters for at least said first block of video sample data; and forming an intra prediction block for at least a second block of video sample data in accordance with a merged decoder-side intra mode derivation process, wherein the merged decoder-side intra mode derivation process includes determining intra prediction modes based on the stored adjusted decoder-side intra mode derivation parameters.
H04N 19/11 - Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
H04N 19/426 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation characterised by memory arrangements using memory downsizing methods
H04N 19/593 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
Examples of the disclosure relate to light guiding apparatus comprising diffractive optics. The apparatus comprises a light guiding member comprising at least a first layer and a second layer. The respective layers are arranged to enable light to be guided through the light guiding member via internal reflections. The apparatus comprises in-coupling diffractive means and out-coupling diffractive means. The in-coupling diffractive means and the out-coupling diffractive means are provided on the first layer. An interface is provided between the first and second layer. The interface is configured to reflect light having a first wavelength and allow light having a second wavelength to pass through. The relative thicknesses and/or refractive indices of the respective layers are arranged so that the light having the second wavelength undergoes fewer internal reflections than the light having the first wavelength as the light is guided from the in-coupling diffractive means towards the out-coupling diffractive means.
This application relates to session establishment by user equipment over a plurality of heterogenous access networks. In one aspect, the heterogenous access networks may include 3GPP and non-3GPP access networks (106). The non-3GPP access networks (106) may include one or more non-3GPP trusted access networks (108) or one or more non-3GPP, non-trusted access networks (110).
Apparatus and method for failure reporting are provided. Solution including determining by a terminal device a failure in selecting small data transmission procedure for an uplink transmission; and transmitting to a network device, of a report including a small data transmission procedure type that the terminal device fails to select, and a reason for the small data transmission procedure selection failure.
An apparatus for assisting spatial rendering in at least two acoustic environments, the apparatus including circuitry configured to: obtain a listener position; determine a first acoustic environment of the at least two acoustic environments based on the listener position; determine at least one second acoustic environment of the at least two acoustic environments based on the first acoustic environment, wherein the second acoustic environment is coupled to the first acoustic environment by an active portal connection; obtain at least one second acoustic environment input audio signal; and generate at least one listener output audio signal based at least partly on the application of processing of the at least one second acoustic environment input audio signal by at least one second acoustic environment reverberator and then a first acoustic environment reverberator.
Mechanism on positioning anomaly discovery is provided. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a positioning element (PE) determines whether a positioning degradation is caused by a disruptive signal based on a signal profile. In this way, the cause of the positioning degradation can be determined accurately.
Embodiments disclose configuring a terminal device to: use a first cell as a primary cell, PCell, based on a PCell configuration for the first cell, and a second cell as a secondary cell, SCell, based on an SCell configuration for the second cell; receive configuration information indicative of a post-swap PCell configuration for the second cell, a post-swap SCell configuration for the first cell, and at least one triggering condition for autonomous execution of a PCell swap procedure from the first cell to the second cell; in response to determining that a triggering condition of the at least one triggering condition is met, execute the PCell swap procedure by using the second cell as a PCell based on the post-swap PCell configuration for the second cell, and by using the first cell as an SCell based on the post-swap SCell configuration for the first cell.
Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method, device and computer readable medium for detecting cells in scenarios of carrier aggregations. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, if the terminal device receives information indicating to connect to a different cell from the currently connecting cell, the terminal device detects the different cell in a spatial direction of the beam on which the information is received. In this way, a significant reduction in terminal device search and measurement effort is achieve, which leads to significant reduction in the latency.
There is provided an apparatus comprising means for receiving spatial audio capture requirement(s) of one or more user devices; determining position and/or orientation information of the one or more user devices; generating one or more privacy masks at least partly based on the spatial audio capture requirement(s) and position and/or orientation information of the one or more user devices; and transmitting the generated privacy masks to the one or more user devices.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
54.
LINKING OF FUNCTIONALITY MONITORING RESOURCES TO FUNCTIONALITY RESOURCES
Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to linking of functionality monitoring resources to functionality resources. The method comprises: receiving, from a network node, at least one channel state information (CSI) reporting configuration associated with a functionality monitoring of at least one first functionality of the apparatus, wherein the at least one first functionality is associated to a first resource configuration and the functionality monitoring is associated to a functionality monitoring resource configuration; obtaining linking information indicating a linking between the functionality monitoring resource configuration and the first resource configuration or a linking between the functionality monitoring resource configuration and a second resource configuration associated with at least one second functionality of the apparatus; and determining the functionality monitoring resource set used for monitoring the at least one first functionality at least based on the linking information and the functionality monitoring resource configuration.
An apparatus including at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: receive an activation signal including seed information, where the seed information is common to seed information in a reader; generate a signal based upon the seed information from the received activation signal and at least one predetermined instruction; and send the generated signal from the apparatus.
Techniques for transitioning of a multi -hop connection to a single hop connection are described. In one aspect, a first UE transmits a first set of information to a first network node. The first set of information identifies an existing User Equipment to Network (U2N) multi-hop relay connection including the first UE serving as a User Equipment to User Equipment (U2U) relay UE and a second UE serving as a remote UE, and receive a first message from the first network node to reconfigure the first UE as a U2N relay UE for the second UE, where the first message is based on the first set of information.
H04W 40/22 - Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
An apparatus comprising means for: transmitting a request towards a second radio access network – control plane, RAN-CP, to transfer a user equipment, UE, context and logical termination of the UE control plane, CP, from a first RAN-CP to the second RAN-CP; transmitting information towards at least one core node to inform the at least one core node of the transfer of the UE context and logical termination of the UE control plane from the first RAN-CP towards the second RAN-CP; and transmitting information towards a source distributed unit, DU, associated with the UE to inform the source DU of the transfer of the UE context and logical termination of the UE control plane from the first RAN-CP to the second RAN-CP.
An apparatus for encoding a combined input format spatial audio signal, wherein the apparatus comprises means configured to: obtain a first input spatial audio signal, the first input spatial audio signal comprises one or more audio objects; obtain a second input spatial audio signal; select one audio object from the one or more audio objects for a current frame, to be encoded separately from other objects of the first input format spatial audio signal; compare the selected current frame one audio object to at least one selected previous frame one audio object; and encode at least one parameter associated with the selected one audio object for the current frame based on the comparing.
G10L 19/008 - Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
59.
A METHOD, AN APPARATUS AND A COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR VIDEO ENCODING AND VIDEO DECODING
The embodiments relate to a method and technical equipment for implementing the method. The method comprises forming an intra prediction for a current block of a video frame using an intra-prediction process, wherein the intra-prediction process comprises: forming a main predictor using a set of reference samples, where a process of identifying the set of reference samples is determined on the basis of a given Multiple Reference Line index, and forming one or more additional predictors using different sets of reference samples determined on the basis of different Multiple Reference Line indices, and blending the main predictor and the one or more additional predictors to form a final predictor, where the blending is based on parameters, being computed using reconstructed samples in a template.
H04N 19/105 - Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
H04N 19/11 - Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
H04N 19/176 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
H04N 19/593 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
A method includes receiving, by a first user equipment (UE), a first message from a second UE, including an indication of a request for multi-hop relaying, and first criteria for communicating via multi-hop relaying. A determination is performed to transmit the first message to a third UE. At least one criterion is generated of a second criteria and the first message is updated with the at least one criterion of the second criteria and the performance information of the first UE and transmitted to the third UE. The first UE receives a second message including information relating to a multi-hop relay to be established, the information relating to the multi-hop relay to be established including performance information for the third UE, and first selection information relating to the multi-hop relay to be established, updates and transmits the second message to the second UE.
H04W 40/20 - Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on geographic position or location
H04W 40/22 - Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
Disclosed is a method comprising generating an access stratum message comprising at least a request for a radio access network node to set up a desired data rate for a connection; transmitting, to the radio access network node, the access stratum message comprising at least the request for the radio access network node to set up the desired data rate for the connection; and receiving a configuration for the connection from the radio access network node based on transmitting the access stratum message.
Disclosed is a method comprising determining (201) and transmitting (202), by an apparatus (104) to a terminal device (100), a configuration for an enhanced wake-up signal, receiving (205), from the terminal device (100) by a wake- up receiver (WURx) of the apparatus (104), an enhanced wake-up signal according to said configuration, and transmitting (206), to the terminal device (100) by the wake- up receiver (WURx), an enhanced wake-up signal response indicating to the terminal device (100) whether or not the apparatus (104) wakes up from a network energy saving mode.
Disclosed is a method comprising receiving, by a repeater, a set of symbols; transmitting, by the repeater, a subset of the set of symbols via a beam with a plurality of polarization configurations; measuring, by the repeater, a power delay profile per symbol of the set of symbols; evaluating, by the repeater, based at least partly on the measuring of the power delay profile, inter-symbol interference caused by self-interference per symbol of the transmitted subset of the set of symbols; and configuring, by the repeater, the beam based at least partly on the evaluated inter-symbol interference.
A method for assisted positioning of a terminal device that is performed by the terminal device includes transmitting, to a network element of a radio access network, a first message requesting activation of at least one positioning reference unit for positioning of the terminal device; receiving, from the network element, a second message causing an uplink reference signal transmission for the positioning of the terminal device; and performing the uplink reference signal transmission based on the second message.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for facilitation of beam refinement for a user equipment are provided. For example, a method can include receiving, at a user equipment, a downlink configuration for a beam selection procedure. The method can also include receiving, at the user equipment, an indication to use a signal in the beam selection procedure. The signal can be targeted at another user equipment. The user equipment and the another user equipment can be served by a same beam or by similar beams. The method can further include receiving the signal by the user equipment. The signal can be transmitted on a beam corresponding to the same beam or one of the similar beams. The method can additionally include performing, by the user equipment, the beam selection procedure based on measurements of the signal.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to mechanisms for identifying and overcoming overlaps in LTE-V2X and NR-V2X sidelink resources for sidelink communications. In example embodiments, a user equipment performs sensing of reserved resources in both a first sidelink radio access technology resource pool and a second sidelink radio access technology resource pool. Based on the sensing, forming at least one candidate resource set identifying all resources that are free to be used by the first radio access technology resource pool, based on the indication that these are not being used for transmission by at least one other user equipment of the first sidelink radio access technology resource pool and identifying for each of the resources in the at least one candidate resource set corresponding resources to be used for a physical sidelink feedback channel of the first sidelink radio access technology resource pool. Based on the sensing, exclude from the at least one candidate resource set all the resources for which the physical sidelink feedback channel resource is identified to be reserved for the transmission by the at least one other user equipment of the first sidelink radio access technology resource pool and select a resource to be used for the transmission of a physical sidelink control channel and physical sidelink shared channel from the at least one candidate resource set.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to resource selection for sidelink communication. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a first transmitting device determines information of a first resource to be used by a receiving device for transmission of a first feedback to the first transmitting device, and transmits the information of the first resource to a second transmitting device. The second transmitting device determines a third resource reserved for a second data transmission from the second transmitting device to the receiving device such that a fourth resource associated with the third resource does not conflict with the first resource. In this way, resource selection for sidelink communication with sidelink beam management may be enhanced.
H04W 72/25 - Control channels or signalling for resource management between terminals via a wireless link, e.g. sidelink
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
An apparatus and method is disclosed relating to determining visual attention of a user. The method may, for example, comprise tracking eye positions of a user during simultaneous display of first and second content to the user, wherein the first content comprises content displayed by a head-worn display device so that it is perceived by the user as located at a first distance from the user and the second content is displayed by a display screen of a further display device located at a second distance from the user. The method may also comprise modifying the display of either, or both, of the first and second content such as to modify the spatial position at which they appear with respect to one another. The method may also comprise determining which of the displayed first and second content the user is looking at based at least on eye position movements, if any, tracked subsequent to the modifying, and changing the display of other one of the first and second content which the user is not determined to be looking at such as to reduce its visibility relative to the content that the user is determined to be looking at.
Examples of the disclosure relate to enabling adjustment of speech enhancement processing. In examples of the disclosure one or more audio signals are obtained during audio communication. At least one quality value for at least one of the obtained one or more audio signals is determined. Adjustment of speech enhancement processing used for at least one of the one or more obtained audio signals is enabled wherein the adjustment is based, at least in part, on the quality value.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to target object requesting searching for adjacent user equipment (UE) for sensing. In an aspect, a first terminal device receives from a network device or generates a first indication indicating to search for at least one candidate terminal device for sensing. The first terminal device transmits, to at least one second terminal device, a first request for searching for the at least one candidate terminal device. By implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of potential adjacent UEs participating in the sensing procedure could be expanded, thereby facilitating discovering the most suitable adjacent UEs for sensing the target object, improving sensing result accuracy as well as the robustness, and achieving fast and efficient sensing-capable adjacent UE selection.
A user equipment comprising: means for receiving from one or more first access nodes, information about a plurality of transmission configuration indicator states; means for taking measurements of one or more reference signals transmitted by one or more second access nodes, the measurements being taken using two or more beams corresponding to two or more of the plurality of transmission configuration indicator states associated with one or more of the one or more first access nodes; and means for reporting information about the measurements to one or more of the one or more first access nodes.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/0404 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
A method, apparatus, and computer readable medium are provided for communications. In the context of a method, the method determines a plurality of time instances of system information block transmission from which the user equipment may read a system information block. The method determines a cell active time period. The method determines a reading time instance out of the plurality of time instances of system information block transmission based at least on a proximity determination to a start of the cell active time period. The method reads the at least a portion of the system information block that corresponds to the determined reading time instance.
A device may be configured to: receive, from an access node, a configuration of a plurality of signaling radio bearer sets for a radio resource control connection, wherein the plurality of signaling radio bearer sets are associated with a plurality of cells, and wherein the plurality of signaling radio bearer sets comprises at least a first signaling radio bearer set assigned to a first cell and a second signaling radio bearer set assigned to a second cell; communicate with the access node via the first cell using the first signaling radio bearer set; switch to the second signaling radio bearer set, based on detecting an event causing the first signaling radio bearer set to become unavailable at the first cell; and communicate with the access node via the second cell using the second signaling radio bearer set.
In accordance with example embodiments of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform establishing a radio connection towards a network node of a communication network; sending or receiving at least one radio resource control message comprising configuration information to configure uplink transmissions for an application, wherein the configuration information is identifying more than one configured grant configurations, and a configured grant group identification linking the more than one configured grant configurations; determining data traffic related to the application and to be transmitted towards the network node, wherein the determined data traffic is associated with at least one of the identified more than one configured grant configurations of the identified configured grant group and based on at least one traffic flow requirement; sending or receiving the determined data traffic towards the network node using the associated at least one configured grant configuration; determining an event related to the group, and sending or receiving an indication of unused configured grants for the identified configured grant group based on the event.
In accordance with example embodiments of the invention there is at least a method and apparatus to perform establishing a radio connection towards a network device of a communication network; sending or receiving at least one radio resource control message comprising configuration information to configure uplink transmissions for an application, wherein the configuration information is identifying more than one configured grant configurations for the application, and an instruction on how to report unused configured grants related to the identified more than one configured grant configurations for the application; determining data traffic related to the application and to be received from the network device, wherein the determined data traffic is associated with at least one of the identified more than one configured grant configurations for the application and based on at least one associated traffic flow requirement; sending or receiving the determined data traffic from the network device using the associated at least one configured grant configuration; and sending or receiving an indication of unused configured grants configured for the application based on the received instruction.
A device may be configured to: receive, from an access node, configurations of a plurality of signaling radio bearer sets for a radio resource control connection, wherein the plurality of signaling radio bearer sets are associated with a plurality of cells, and wherein the configurations of the plurality of signaling radio bearer sets comprise a configuration of a first signaling radio bearer set configured for instant activation by the device and a configuration of a second signaling radio bearer set configured to be activated by the device at a configured time; store the configuration of the first signaling radio bearer set as an active signaling radio bearer set configuration for the radio resource control connection; store the configuration of the second signaling radio bearer set as a candidate signaling radio bearer set configuration for the radio resource control connection.
There are provided measures for radio network operation optimization. Such measures exemplarily comprise determining a new quality of service profile for a first terminal, transmitting, towards said first terminal, an agreement request message indicative of a demand for agreement to a change to said new quality of service profile, and receiving, from said first terminal, an agreement response message indicative of agreement or non-agreement to said change to said new quality of service profile.
A method includes receiving, by a source CU from a user device, a L3 measurement report; determining that a handover should be performed for the user device from a serving cell associated with the source centralized unit to a first target cell associated with a target CU, wherein a handover configuration for the first target cell has not yet been prepared; determining to provide to a source DU associated with the serving cell, a LTM handover configuration with a relaxed handover requirement for a LTM handover of the user device to a second target cell associated with the source CU; transmitting, to the source DU, the LTM handover configuration for the second target cell; and transmitting, to the target CU associated with the first target cell, a handover request to prepare a handover configuration for the user device to perform a handover to the first target cell.
A method includes receiving, by a user device from a network node, a continual learning request comprising a continual learning configuration for the user device to carry out continual learning for a machine learning model; determining run-time capabilities limitations of the user device; determining that the user device is unable to carry out continual learning for the machine learning model according to the received continual learning configuration based on the run-time capabilities limitations of the user device; transmitting, to the network node, run-time capabilities limitation information related to an inability of the user device to carry out continual learning for the machine learning model according to the received continual learning configuration based on the run-time capabilities limitations of the user device; and receiving, by the user device from the network node, a continual learning configuration update, based on the run-time capabilities limitation information transmitted to the network node.
Various example embodiments relate to configuration of multiple signaling radio bearer (SRB) sets for a radio resource control (RRC) connection. A device may comprise: means for receiving, from an access node, configurations of a plurality of signaling radio bearer sets for a radio resource control connection, wherein the plurality of signaling radio bearer sets are associated with a plurality of cells; means for storing a configuration of a first signaling radio bearer set of the plurality of signaling radio bearer sets as an active signaling radio bearer set configuration for the radio resource control connection; means for storing a configuration of a second signaling radio bearer set of the plurality of signaling radio bearer sets as a candidate signaling radio bearer set configuration for the radio resource control connection.
There are provided measures for flexible channel state information configuration. Such measures exemplarily comprise receiving, from a terminal, radio channel quality reporting configuration feedback information established based on at least one reference signal, generating a modified radio channel quality reporting configuration for said terminal based on an initial radio channel quality reporting configuration for said terminal and said radio channel quality reporting configuration feedback information, said modified radio channel quality reporting configuration for said terminal differing from said initial radio channel quality reporting configuration for said terminal in at least one reporting configuration parameter, and transmitting, towards said terminal, information indicative of said modified radio channel quality reporting configuration for said terminal.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
82.
DEVICES, METHODS, APPARATUSES, AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIA FOR TRANSMISSION CONFIGURATION INDICATOR STATE ACTIVATION
Disclosed are devices, methods, apparatuses, and computer readable media for early TCI state activation An example apparatus for a terminal device may include at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory may store instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the terminal device at least to: receive from a network device, a configuration for a cell set of layer 1 or layer 2 triggered mobility, LTM, candidate cells, comprising a transmission configuration indicator, TCI, state set of TCI states for the respective LTM candidate cells in the cell set; and for at least one of the LTM candidate cells in the cell set, respectively, perform direct TCI state activation for at least one of the TCI states in the TCI state set.
This specification describes apparatus, methods, and/or computer programs for facilitating the creation of network slices, and in particular temporary network slices, in a communication network. According to a first aspect of this specification, there is described a communication device comprising means for: receiving, from an access network node, a broadcast comprising network slice configuration information associated with a network slice instantiated by a core network based on a request from an application function; and initiating, based on the network slice configuration information, establishment of a communication session within the network slice.
An apparatus for a network device, the apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network device to: transmit a handover request to a further network device, the handover request comprising a request for an early acquisition of a timing advance, receive an acknowledgement of the handover request from the further network device, the acknowledgement comprising a set of one or more preambles for the acquisition of the timing advance.
A user equipment comprising: means for determining uplink transmission power for transmitting to at least one access node, wherein the determining is based on information obtained by the user equipment, wherein the information indicates that one or more values are to be used for determining one or more parameters, the one or more parameters being used for determining the uplink transmission power to be used, the one or more values being obtained by the user equipment.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for network-controlled measurement gap adaptation for a user equipment are provided. For example, a method can include receiving, by a user equipment from a network element, a first measurement gap configuration. The method can also include performing, by the user equipment, measurements on a set of beams that can include a first plurality of beams based on the first measurement gap configuration. The method can further include determining, by the user equipment, that a subset of the beams comprising a second plurality of beams meets a condition. The method can additionally include sending, by the user equipment, a report to the network element based on the determination that the subset of the beams meets the condition. The report can be configured to trigger a reconfiguration of the first measurement gap configuration.
H04L 41/0816 - Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events
87.
Apparatus, Methods and Computer Programs for Enabling Rendering of Spatial Audio
Examples of the disclosure relate to apparatus, methods and computer programs that enable rendering of spatial audio including both direct and indirect audio. The apparatus can be configured to obtain a spatial audio signal including one or more audio signals and associated spatial metadata. The associated spatial metadata is configured to enable rendering of spatial audio from the one or more audio signals. The spatial audio includes direct audio and indirect audio. The apparatus is also configured to use, at least the associated spatial metadata to determine directional distribution information for the indirect audio. The apparatus is also configured to determine rendering information corresponding to the determined directional distribution information and enable rendering of the spatial audio using the determined rendering information, the one or more audio signals and the associated spatial metadata.
H04S 7/00 - Indicating arrangementsControl arrangements, e.g. balance control
G10L 19/008 - Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
88.
DETERMINING PUNCTURING ASSUMPTION FOR THE SYNCHRONIZATION AND PHYSICAL BROADCAST CHANNEL
Techniques of determining punctured PRBs for an SSB include determining a puncturing to be applied to an incoming SSB if the SSB falls out of band or upon a minimum guard band of the band. In some implementations, when there is a specified total puncturing, the UE performs puncturing on resources at the opposite end of the SSB.
There are provided measures for performance related management of artificial intelligence or machine learning pipelines in cross-domain scenarios. Such measures exemplarily comprise transmitting a first artificial intelligence or machine learning performance related message towards a second network entity managing lifecycles of artificial intelligence or machine learning pipelines in a first network domain in a network, and receiving a second artificial intelligence or machine learning performance related message from said second network entity, wherein said first artificial intelligence or machine learning performance related message comprises a first information element including at least one first cross-domain network service involved artificial intelligence or machine learning pipeline performance related parameter.
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
90.
CHO CONFIGURATION FOR FAST OFFLOADING DURING CELL SHUTDOWN
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium for conditional handover configuration for fast offloading during cell shutdown. For example, a method comprises receiving, with a user equipment from a serving cell, one or more handover configurations. The one or more handover configurations comprises an energy saving conditional handover configuration. At least one of the one or more handover configurations comprises at least one of: an indication of one or more candidate target cells, or information for target cell selection. The method also comprises receiving, from the serving cell, an indication of activation of an energy saving mode at the serving cell. The method further comprises selecting a target cell, from the one or more candidate target cells, based, at least partially, on the one or more handover configurations and the received indication of activation of the energy saving mode at the serving cell.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to voice packet combination. A terminal device receives, from a network device, control information for controlling voice packet combining at the terminal device, and determines the voice packet combining based on the control information, and then the terminal device performs the voice packet combining; and transmits the combined voice packet to the network device. The solution enables the network to control the packet combining in terminal device based on control information.
A first device in a radio access network includes at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory includes computer program code, and the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform: receiving from a third device, information indicative of one or more reference signal configurations and associated events, wherein the one or more reference signal configurations are associated with transmission of a reference signal from the second device in the radio access network to the first device; and detecting one or more events based at least on the one or more reference signal configurations.
An apparatus comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: receiving, from a network device, an indication indicating whether one or more receive antenna ports of the apparatus are used for at least one of channel measurements or channel state information reporting or channel or reference signal reception; information related to the one or more receive antenna ports for at least one of channel measurements or channel state information reporting or channel or reference signal reception, wherein the information comprises at least one receive antenna port set associated with at least a part of the one or more receive antenna ports; and information related to at least one receive antenna port of the receive antenna port set, wherein the receive antenna port set is associated with at least part of the one or more receive antenna ports, wherein at least one antenna port can be associated with one or more antenna arrangements; wherein the at least one memory further storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform transmitting, to the network device, capability information related to usage of the one or more receive antenna ports for at least one of channel measurements or channel state information reporting or channel or reference signal reception.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
There are provided measures for controlled terminal-initiated beam management. Such measures exemplarily comprise receiving, from an access network entity, information for selecting candidate beams out of a plurality of beams, receiving, from said access network entity, at least one beam reporting triggering condition, determining, based on said information for selecting candidate beams out of said plurality of beams, that at least one candidate beam fulfils one of said at least one beam reporting triggering condition, and transmitting, to the access network entity, an indication that said at least one candidate beam fulfils said one of said at least one beam reporting triggering condition.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 17/309 - Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
Measures are provided for controlled terminal-initiated beam management. Such measures exemplarily comprise receiving, from an access network entity, information for selecting candidate beams from a plurality of beams, receiving, from said access network entity, at least one beam reporting triggering condition, selecting preferred beams from said plurality of beams based on a terminal-side optimization parameter, evaluating whether at least one preferred beam of said preferred beams was to be selected based on said information for selecting candidate beams, determining that at least one preferred beam which was to be selected based on said information for selecting candidate beams fulfills one of said at least one beam reporting triggering condition, and transmitting, towards said access network entity, an indication that said at least one preferred beam which was to be selected based on said information for selecting candidate beams fulfills said one of said at least one beam reporting triggering condition.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
Various example embodiments relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable mediums supporting adaptive beam sweeping for rotating devices. A terminal device may be configured to measure transmitting beams using a first receiving beam in a beam sweeping sequence comprising a first set of receiving beams, and measure first orientation of the terminal device corresponding to the beam measurement performed using the first receiving beam. For a subsequent receiving beam in the beam sweeping sequence, the terminal device may measure its second orientation, select a receiving beam from a second set of receiving beams, and measure the transmitting beams using the selected receiving beam. When the terminal device is in the second orientation, the receiving beam selected from the second set of receiving beams is oriented to correspond to directions covered by the subsequent receiving beam in the beam sweeping sequence when the terminal device is in the first orientation.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
There is provided a method, computer program, and apparatus for causing an apparatus comprising a display layer and an under-display camera to perform: causing at least one image to be output by the display layer; using the under-display camera to determine an interference pattern resulting from the at least one image being output; converting the determined pattern into a first hash; and signalling the first hash to a requesting entity for verifying the apparatus.
Disclosed is a method comprising selecting at least one user device from one or more candidate user devices as a reference for reference signal time difference, RSTD, measurement; measuring an RSTD between at least two reference signals, wherein the at least two reference signals comprise at least a sidelink positioning reference signal received from the at least one user device selected as the reference; and transmitting a report comprising at least one of: an identifier of the at least one user device selected as the reference for the RSTD measurement, an identifier of a resource associated with the sidelink positioning reference signal received from the at least one user device, synchronization source information indicating at least one synchronization source of the at least one user device, or a time stamp of the sidelink positioning reference signal received from the at least one user device.
A system comprising, at least: a first apparatus configured to implement a session management function of a core network of a communication network system, the session management function operating in a control plane; and a second apparatus configured to implement the user plane function that operates in the user plane, the first apparatus configured at least to perform: deriving a network instance mapped to transport resources for a user plane from a network slice identifier of a packet data unit session relating to logical network resources, of the packet data unit session, between a user equipment and a data network; and providing an information element of the network instance to a user plane function of the core network and requesting the user plane function of the core network to exchange user plane traffic for the packet data unit session based on the network instance.
A method, apparatus, and computer program product can receive a traffic redundancy indication from a user equipment in a communication network or from a policy controller. The method, apparatus, and computer program product can determine whether traffic redundancy is needed for the radio access network and the user plane function based on the traffic redundancy indication. The method, apparatus, and computer program product can request the radio access network to not establish redundancy mechanisms in a circumstance where traffic redundancy is not needed for the radio access network. The method, apparatus, and computer program product can request the user plane function to not establish redundancy mechanisms in a circumstance where traffic redundancy is not needed for the user plane function.
