The invention relates to a method (100) for determining the position of multiple bus subscribers (12) in a differential two-wire bus system (10). Each bus subscriber (12) is designed as a master unit (14) or as a slave unit (16), wherein each bus subscriber (12) is connected to at least one adjacent bus subscriber (12) via a two-wire connection. Each bus subscriber (12) is arranged between two connection points (24) of a line of the two-wire connection. The method (100) comprises the following method steps: - carrying out (110) a first series of measurements, in which an initial voltage is provided, on a first bus subscriber, between the connection points (24) of the first bus subscriber; - carrying out (120) a second series of measurements, in which an initial voltage is provided, on a second bus subscriber, between the connection points (24) of the second bus subscriber; - determining (130) the position of the individual bus subscribers (12) on the basis of the initial voltages provided during the first series of measurements and the second series of measurements and of the measured voltages determined on the bus subscribers (12).
A device comprises a quantum random number generator, and further comprises following device parts: a first SPAD diode, a second SPAD diode, an optical fiber which optically couples the first SPAD diode and the second SPAD diode to one another, an amplifier and/or filter, an analog-to-digital converter, a comparator, a time-to-digital converter, and an entropy extraction device converting output values of the time-to-digital converter into first and second values and generates random bits therefrom.
The invention relates to an electronic switching apparatus (10) for controlling loads in a motor vehicle, having - a first switching device (12a) which takes the form of a first transistor and has a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is connected to a supply voltage terminal (26) and the second terminal is connected to a load terminal (28), wherein the first switching device (12a) is designed to provide a supply voltage at the load terminal (28) when switched on, as a result of which a first current flows through the first load; - a second switching device (12b) which takes the form of a second transistor and which has a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is connected to the supply voltage terminal (26) and the second terminal is connected to a load terminal (28), wherein the second switching device is designed to provide the supply voltage at the load terminal (28) when switched on, as a result of which a second current flows through the first load, wherein the first switching device (12a) and the second switching device (12b) are designed such that the second current is greater than the first current; and - a control unit (14) which is designed to transfer the first switching device (12a) and the second switching device (12b) in each case into a switched-on state and a switched-off state by providing a first control signal at the control terminal of the first switching device (12a) and a second control signal at the control terminal of the second switching device (12b).
H03K 17/12 - Modifications pour augmenter le courant commuté maximal admissible
B60R 16/03 - Circuits électriques ou circuits de fluides spécialement adaptés aux véhicules et non prévus ailleursAgencement des éléments des circuits électriques ou des circuits de fluides spécialement adapté aux véhicules et non prévu ailleurs électriques pour l'alimentation des sous-systèmes du véhicule en énergie électrique
H03K 17/18 - Modifications pour indiquer l'état d'un commutateur
4.
AUTOMOTIVE MICROWAVE-FREE HIGH-VOLTAGE CURRENT SENSOR FOR SMALL CURRENT INTENSITIES BASED ON ISOTROPIC QUANTUM SENSOR ELEMENTS WITH NV CENTERS, AND APPLICATIONS OF SAID CURRENT SENSOR
G01R 15/24 - Adaptations fournissant une isolation en tension ou en courant, p. ex. adaptations pour les réseaux à haute tension ou à courant fort utilisant des dispositifs modulateurs de lumière
G01R 33/26 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques faisant intervenir la résonance magnétique pour la mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques utilisant le pompage optique
5.
GATEWAY FOR CONNECTION TO A HOST PROCESSOR AND MULTIPLE SLAVES AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE GATEWAY
A gateway for connection to a host processor and multiple slaves, which are organized in a point-to-point (P2P) topology, is provided. The gateway has an independent channel for each of the slaves, and the gateway can receive multiple control signals, each including at least one control signal for a particular predetermined slave from the multiple slaves, from the host processor. The host processor determines whether the slaves for which the at least one control signal has been received are in an operational state; and to simultaneously output the control signals received from the host processor to the slaves for which the at least one control signal has been received only when all of the slaves for which the at least one control signal has been received are in the operational state.
H04W 72/25 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources entre terminaux au moyen d’une liaison sans fil, p. ex. liaison secondaire
A method classifies an object on the basis of the height of the object based on an ultrasonic signal. The method comprises: receiving the reflected ultrasonic signal; determining a first total value in a first predefined range around a global maximum of the ultrasonic signal; determining a second total value in a second predefined range preceding the first predefined range; determining a third total value in a third predefined range following the first predefined range; determining a first difference value based on a weighted subtraction operation applied to the third total value and the first total value; determining a second difference value based on a weighted subtraction operation applied to the second total value and the first total value; and classifying the object based on the sign of the first difference value and the second difference value into one of at least two height categories.
A laser submodule for generating rapid laser pulses comprises a linear array of n lasers. Each laser of the n lasers has an anode and a cathode. Each of the cathodes is electrically connected to a common reference node. The submodule further comprises n charging capacitors. Each charging capacitor is electrically connected to the anode of a corresponding laser of the n lasers through a respective discharging inductance. The laser module further comprises n charging circuits. Each charging circuit is configured to charge one of the n charging capacitors through a respective charging inductance. The charging inductance for each charging capacitor is greater than the discharging inductance for the respective charging capacitor.
The present invention relates to an integrated quantum random number generator, iQRNG, in particular a photonic QRNG which is monolithically scalable in a common semiconductor substrate in the same material system and constructed in a completely integrated manner, consisting of a photon source and a detector, coupled directly to the source, for individual photons in a particularly compact and attack-resistant design on a technology platform, open for diverse applications, for semiconductor structuring. The subject matter of the present invention is an integrated quantum random number generator, iQRNG, (200), comprising a photon source (120) and an individual photon detector (130), wherein the photon source (120) and the individual photon detector (130) are arranged in the vertical direction one above the other in a common substrate (110) made of a semiconductor material. The present invention also relates to an integrated electronic circuit (500) which comprises at least one iQRNG (200) according to the invention.
B60R 16/03 - Circuits électriques ou circuits de fluides spécialement adaptés aux véhicules et non prévus ailleursAgencement des éléments des circuits électriques ou des circuits de fluides spécialement adapté aux véhicules et non prévu ailleurs électriques pour l'alimentation des sous-systèmes du véhicule en énergie électrique
G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p. ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
G01R 33/032 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs magnéto-optiques, p. ex. par effet Faraday
H02H 3/08 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour déconnexion automatique due directement à un changement indésirable des conditions électriques normales de travail avec ou sans reconnexion sensibles à une surcharge
G06F 7/58 - Générateurs de nombres aléatoires ou pseudo-aléatoires
H01S 5/026 - Composants intégrés monolithiques, p. ex. guides d'ondes, photodétecteurs de surveillance ou dispositifs d'attaque
9.
DEVICE FOR DETECTING MANIPULATION ON A QUANTUM RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR
The invention relates to a device (10) for detecting manipulation on a quantum random number generator, comprising: a quantum random number generator (20) having a semiconductor substrate (22) which comprises an entropy source (24) in the form of a photon source (26), and a detector (28) which is designed to detect radiation emitted from the entropy source (24); and a manipulation detector (30) which is designed to detect radiation that is detectable by the detector (28). The manipulation detector (30) is located in the surroundings of the detector (28). It is shielded with respect to the entropy source (24) in such a way that only radiation from outside the entropy source (24) can be detected.
G06F 7/58 - Générateurs de nombres aléatoires ou pseudo-aléatoires
H04L 9/06 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité l'appareil de chiffrement utilisant des registres à décalage ou des mémoires pour le codage par blocs, p. ex. système DES
H04L 9/32 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité comprenant des moyens pour vérifier l'identité ou l'autorisation d'un utilisateur du système
10.
ROBOT COMPRISING A QUANTUM RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR
The invention relates to a controllable and/or self-controlling robot comprising a monolithically integrated entropy source having: a photon source that is designed to emit photons, the photon source comprising a first outer shell, said first outer shell being formed by a first base surface, a first top surface, and at least one first side surface connecting the first base surface and the first top surface to one another; and a photon detector that is designed to detect the photons emitted by the photon source, the first base surface of the photon source being arranged so as to face the photon detector.
H04L 9/06 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité l'appareil de chiffrement utilisant des registres à décalage ou des mémoires pour le codage par blocs, p. ex. système DES
G06F 7/58 - Générateurs de nombres aléatoires ou pseudo-aléatoires
H04L 9/32 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité comprenant des moyens pour vérifier l'identité ou l'autorisation d'un utilisateur du système
11.
ENTROPY SOURCE, QUANTUM RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR, AND ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT
The invention relates to a monolithically integrated entropy source comprising: a photon source that is designed to emit photons, the photon source comprising a first outer shell, said first outer shell being formed by a first base surface, a first top surface, and at least one first side surface connecting the first base surface and the first top surface to one another; and a photon detector that is designed to detect the photons emitted by the photon source, the first base surface of the photon source being arranged so as to face the photon detector.
The invention relates to a monolithically integrated entropy source comprising: a photon source that is designed to emit photons, the photon source comprising a first outer shell, said first outer shell being formed by a first base surface, a first top surface, and at least one first side surface connecting the first base surface and the first top surface to one another; and a photon detector that is designed to detect the photons emitted by the photon source, the first base surface of the photon source being arranged so as to face the photon detector.
H04L 9/06 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité l'appareil de chiffrement utilisant des registres à décalage ou des mémoires pour le codage par blocs, p. ex. système DES
H04L 9/32 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité comprenant des moyens pour vérifier l'identité ou l'autorisation d'un utilisateur du système
13.
DISTRIBUTED NETWORK WITH DECENTRALISED MONOLITHIC RANDOM NUMBER GENERATION
The present invention relates to a distributed network with decentralised monolithic random number generation, in particular a distributed network with decentralised monolithic random number generation with a high random bit data rate in order to ensure network security and robustness. The distributed network consists of a plurality of nodes, each node having a hardware-based quantum random number generator. Such a quantum random number generator comprises an entropy source fabricated monolithically in a semiconductor substrate, said entropy source comprising a photon source and a single-photon detector which are arranged perpendicularly to each other and to the surface of the semiconductor substrate in question, enabling a particularly high random number data rate. Each quantum random number generator comprises means for operating the entropy source and means for generating quantum random numbers depending on the entropy source output signal of the entropy source. These quantum random number generators generate true random numbers decentrally with a high random bit rate without requiring a central node for generation or management. The random numbers are used to ensure the security, availability, and robustness of the network.
The present invention relates to a method for creating deep-lying p-n transitions (50, 52, 54a, 54b, 56a, 56b) in a BCD process, and to a single-photon avalanche diode, SPAD, based thereon. The method comprises providing a carrier substrate (10); introducing a first doping substance (20) for forming a first region (22) of the first conduction type in a surface (S) of the carrier substrate (10); introducing a second doping substance (30) for forming a second region (32) of the second conduction type in the surface (S) of the carrier substrate (10), wherein the first region (22) and the second region (32) at last partially overlap; and growing an epitaxial layer (40) on the surface (S) of the carrier substrate (20), wherein the first region (22) and the second region (32) propagate by way of diffusion of the first doping substance (20) and the second doping substance (30) in the epitaxial layer (40), the diffusion behaviour of the first and the second doping substance (20, 30) being selected such that the first and the second doping substance (20, 30) form, by way of diffusion, a p-n transition (50, 52, 54a, 54b, 56a, 56b) lying in the epitaxial layer (40).
H01L 31/07 - Dispositifs à semi-conducteurs sensibles aux rayons infrarouges, à la lumière, au rayonnement électromagnétique d'ondes plus courtes, ou au rayonnement corpusculaire, et spécialement adaptés, soit comme convertisseurs de l'énergie dudit rayonnement e; Procédés ou appareils spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou au traitement de ces dispositifs ou de leurs parties constitutives; Leurs détails adaptés comme dispositifs de conversion photovoltaïque [PV] caractérisés par au moins une barrière de potentiel ou une barrière de surface les barrières de potentiel étant uniquement du type Schottky
H01L 31/18 - Procédés ou appareils spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou au traitement de ces dispositifs ou de leurs parties constitutives
The invention relates to a controllable and/or self-controlling object comprising a monolithically integrated entropy source having: a photon source that is designed to emit photons, the photon source comprising a first outer shell, said first outer shell being formed by a first base surface, a first top surface, and at least one first side surface connecting the first base surface and the first top surface to one another; and a photon detector that is designed to detect the photons emitted by the photon source, the first base surface of the photon source being arranged so as to face the photon detector.
H04L 9/06 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité l'appareil de chiffrement utilisant des registres à décalage ou des mémoires pour le codage par blocs, p. ex. système DES
H04L 9/32 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité comprenant des moyens pour vérifier l'identité ou l'autorisation d'un utilisateur du système
The invention relates to a node of a network, the node comprising a monolithically integrated entropy source having: a photon source that is designed to emit photons, the photon source comprising a first outer shell, said first outer shell being formed by a first base surface, a first top surface, and at least one first side surface connecting the first base surface and the first top surface to one another; and a photon detector that is designed to detect the photons emitted by the photon source, the first base surface of the photon source being arranged so as to face the photon detector.
H04L 9/32 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité comprenant des moyens pour vérifier l'identité ou l'autorisation d'un utilisateur du système
H04L 9/06 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité l'appareil de chiffrement utilisant des registres à décalage ou des mémoires pour le codage par blocs, p. ex. système DES
G06F 7/58 - Générateurs de nombres aléatoires ou pseudo-aléatoires
17.
PLUG CONNECTOR HAVING A QUANTUM RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR
The invention relates to a contact state sensor for a plug connector having a monolithically integrated entropy source, comprising a photon source which is designed to emit photons, wherein the photon source comprises a first outer shell, wherein the first outer shell is formed from a first base surface, a first cover surface and at least one first side surface which connects the first base surface to the first cover surface, and a photon detector which is designed to detect the photons emitted by the photon source, wherein the first base surface of the photon source faces the photon detector.
H04L 9/32 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité comprenant des moyens pour vérifier l'identité ou l'autorisation d'un utilisateur du système
H04L 9/06 - Dispositions pour les communications secrètes ou protégéesProtocoles réseaux de sécurité l'appareil de chiffrement utilisant des registres à décalage ou des mémoires pour le codage par blocs, p. ex. système DES
G06F 7/58 - Générateurs de nombres aléatoires ou pseudo-aléatoires
18.
ELECTRONIC FUSE FOR A VEHICLE AND USE THEREOF IN A VEHICLE
An electronic fuse includes a housing, a first housing terminal and a second housing terminal. The electronic fuse further includes a circuit breaker including a first terminal of the circuit breaker and a second terminal of the circuit breaker. The first terminal of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the first housing terminal of the electronic fuse. The second terminal of the circuit breaker is electrically connected to the second housing terminal of the electronic fuse. A thermal protection is arranged in a current path between the first housing terminal and the second housing terminal in series with the circuit breaker. The thermal protection interrupts the current path when a temperature of the circuit breaker or a temperature within the housing of the electronic fuse and/or a temperature of the housing of the electronic fuse exceeds a switch-off temperature.
B60R 16/03 - Circuits électriques ou circuits de fluides spécialement adaptés aux véhicules et non prévus ailleursAgencement des éléments des circuits électriques ou des circuits de fluides spécialement adapté aux véhicules et non prévu ailleurs électriques pour l'alimentation des sous-systèmes du véhicule en énergie électrique
G01K 3/00 - Thermomètres donnant une indication autre que la valeur instantanée de la température
The invention relates to a single-photon transmission device for enabling secure authentication, said device comprising a plurality of single-photon sources, a control device which is configured to actuate each of the single-photon sources separately, and an optical subdevice which is configured to combine single-photon streams of photons emitted by the at least one single-photon source into a QKD coupling beam consisting of a common stream of single photons. The invention also relates to a single-photon receiving device for receiving a QKD coupling beam transmitted from a single-photon transmission device. The invention also relates to a method for generating a common quantum key for a single-photon transmission device and a single-photon receiving device. The invention also relates to an integrated QKD circuit. The invention also relates to a car key comprising a single-photon transmission device and/or a single-photon receiving device. The invention also relates to a car comprising a single-photon transmission device and/or a single-photon receiving device. The invention also relates to the use of a single-photon transmission device and/or a single-photon receiving device for data exchange. The invention also relates to a SPAD diode for a sensor element of a single-photon detector for a single-photon transmission device and/or for a single-photon receiving device.
A secure microcontroller for controlling devices in automobiles comprises a semiconductor substrate, memory elements, at least one internal bus, at least one 8/16/32/64-bit microcontroller core, one or more data interfaces and at least one quantum process-based generator for true random numbers. The memory elements, the data interface, the quantum process-based generator and the microcontroller core are connected to the internal bus. The quantum process-based generator generates and provides a random number at the request of the microcontroller core. The microcontroller core generates a key using a program from one or more of its memory elements and the random number. The microcontroller core uses a program from one or more of its memory elements and the key to encrypt and decrypt data which it exchanges with devices external to the secure microcontroller. The semiconductor substrate integrally comprises the sub-devices of the secure microcontroller mentioned herein.
A current sensor includes a magnetometer. The magnetometer includes a sensor element including at least one paramagnetic center that generates fluorescence radiation, a radiation receiver configured to receive the fluorescence radiation from the sensor element and generate a first electrical signal based on receiving the fluorescence radiation from the sensor element, and an electronic output circuit configured to generate and output a second electrical signal based on the first electrical signal. The value of the fluorescence radiation generated by the sensor element depends in part on a magnetic flux density at the location of the sensor element. The magnetometer is configured to be placed near or in direct contact to a wire carrying a current such that the current in the wire modifies the magnetic flux density at the location of the sensor element.
G01R 33/26 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques faisant intervenir la résonance magnétique pour la mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques utilisant le pompage optique
G01R 33/00 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques
G01R 33/32 - Systèmes d'excitation ou de détection, p. ex. utilisant des signaux radiofréquence
G01R 33/36 - Détails électriques, p. ex. adaptations ou couplage de la bobine au récepteur
G01V 3/30 - Prospection ou détection électrique ou magnétiqueMesure des caractéristiques du champ magnétique de la terre, p. ex. de la déclinaison ou de la déviation spécialement adaptée au carottage fonctionnant au moyen d'ondes électromagnétiques
G06N 10/40 - Réalisations ou architectures physiques de processeurs ou de composants quantiques pour la manipulation de qubits, p. ex. couplage ou commande de qubit
22.
METHOD FOR STARTING UP AN ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT FOR AN AIRBAG SYSTEM
A method for starting up an electronic circuit for an airbag system is provided. The system includes a first transformer, a second transformer, a charging device, and an energy reserve device. A supply voltage is applied to the first transformer. The first transformer is controlled in a first start-up phase of the electronic circuit to output a first voltage. The charging device is controlled in a second start-up phase of the electronic circuit, such that the energy reserve device is brought to at least approximately 90% of the first voltage. The second transformer is controlled in a third start-up phase of the electronic circuit such that a second voltage that is higher than the first voltage is present at an output of the second transformer, and a third voltage that is higher than the first voltage is present at an output of the charging device.
B60R 21/017 - Circuits électriques pour déclencher le fonctionnement des dispositions de sécurité en cas d'accident, ou d'accident imminent, de véhicule comportant des dispositions pour alimenter les dispositions de sécurité en courant électrique
B60R 21/01 - Circuits électriques pour déclencher le fonctionnement des dispositions de sécurité en cas d'accident, ou d'accident imminent, de véhicule
23.
TRILATERATION-BASED ULTRASONIC SENSOR SYSTEM WITH KALMAN FILTERING AND SOLUTION CLUSTERING
The invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor system (USSS), in which the ultrasonic sensor system (USSS) ascertains distance values on the basis of ultrasonic echoes, which are sensed by at least four ultrasonic sensors, and the ultrasonic sensor system (USSS) ascertains solutions from these distance values by means of a trilateration method and filters each of these solutions by means of a respective Kalman filtering method to form filtered solutions and clusters the filtered solutions by means of a clustering method to form accepted solutions and discards unaccepted unaccepted filtered solutions.
G01S 15/931 - Systèmes sonar, spécialement adaptés à des applications spécifiques pour prévenir les collisions de véhicules terrestres
G01S 7/539 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 15/46 - Détermination indirecte des données relatives à la position
In the method for supplying voltage to at least one series circuit consisting of at least one LED (16, 16') and a current source (14, 14'), which requires a known minimum operating voltage in order to provide a constant operating current for the at least one LED, a measurement signal (26, 26') representing the amount of the forward voltage of the at least one LED (16, 16') is generated. To supply the series circuit (12, 12') with voltage for providing a supply voltage, a voltage supply unit (18) is operated with an amount which is at least equal to the sum of the detected forward voltage of the at least one LED (16, 16') and the minimum operating voltage of the current source (14, 14'). In a control device, a control signal (22) is formed from the measurement signal (26, 26') representing the amount of the forward voltage of the at least one LED (16, 16') and an offset signal (28) to control the voltage supply unit (18) for the purpose of providing the supply voltage required for operating the series circuit (12, 12'), wherein the offset signal (28) represents a voltage the amount of which is at least equal to the amount of the minimum operating voltage of the current source (14, 14').
A method for transmitting data from an ultrasonic sensor to a computer system includes forming a feature vector signal from an electric reception signal; recognizing signal objects in the reception signal and classifying the signal objects according to predetermined signal object classes. The signal objects are forms or sequences of forms. At least one object parameter allocated to the signal object and one symbol for the signal object class are allocated to each signal object, or for each signal object, at least one signal object parameter and a symbol object are determined. The method further includes transmitting the symbol and the at least one signal object parameter to the computer system as data of a recognized signal object.
G01S 7/00 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , ,
G01S 7/52 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe
G01S 7/539 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 13/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes radar avec des systèmes autres que radar, p. ex. sonar, chercheur de direction
A method for transmitting data from an ultrasonic sensor to a computer system includes forming a feature vector signal from an electric reception signal; recognizing signal objects in the reception signal and classifying the signal objects according to predetermined signal object classes. The signal objects are forms or sequences of forms. At least one object parameter allocated to the signal object and one symbol for the signal object class are allocated to each signal object, or for each signal object, at least one signal object parameter and a symbol object are determined. The method further includes determining a chirp value as an allocated signal object parameter. The method further includes transmitting the symbol and the at least one signal object parameter to the computer system as data of a recognized signal object, wherein the at least one signal object parameter includes a signal object parameter indicating the chirp value.
G01S 7/00 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , ,
G01S 7/52 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe
G01S 7/539 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 13/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes radar avec des systèmes autres que radar, p. ex. sonar, chercheur de direction
A method for transmitting data from an ultrasonic sensor to a computer system includes forming a feature vector signal from an electric reception signal; recognizing signal objects in the reception signal and classifying the signal objects according to predetermined signal object classes. At least one object parameter allocated to the signal object and one symbol for the signal object class are allocated to each signal object, or for each signal object, at least one signal object parameter and a symbol object are determined. The method further includes transmitting the symbol and the at least one signal object parameter to the computer system as data of a recognized signal object, wherein the transmission of the at least one symbol of the recognized signal object class includes a transmission of a signal object class of a signal object including a predefined temporal sequence of other signal objects.
G01S 7/00 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , ,
G01S 7/52 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe
G01S 7/539 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 13/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes radar avec des systèmes autres que radar, p. ex. sonar, chercheur de direction
A method for transmitting data from an ultrasonic sensor to a computer system includes forming a feature vector signal from an electric reception signal; recognizing signal objects in the reception signal and classifying the signal objects according to predetermined signal object classes. The signal objects are forms or sequences of forms. At least one object parameter allocated to the signal object and one symbol for the signal object class are allocated to each signal object, or for each signal object, at least one signal object parameter and a symbol object are determined. The method further includes transmitting the symbol, the at least one signal object parameter, and an error condition of the sensor to the computer system as data of a recognized signal object, wherein the transmission of the error condition is performed with higher priority than the signal object class and the allocated signal object parameter.
G01S 7/00 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , ,
G01S 7/52 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe
G01S 7/539 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 13/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes radar avec des systèmes autres que radar, p. ex. sonar, chercheur de direction
The invention relates to an analog circuit (1) based on MOS, BCMOS or CMOS. The analog circuit (1) is designed to fulfil a predetermined circuit purpose in a normal state of the analog circuit (1). The analog circuit (1) has an analog input or output signal or an analog signal within the analog circuit (1). The analog circuit (1) is coupled to a test logic (38). The test logic (38) is designed to put the analog circuit (1) into the normal state and at least a first test state. The analog circuit (1) comprises first components (7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30) which are designed to carry out a function of the analog circuit (1) in accordance with the predetermined circuit purpose during normal operation. According to the invention, the analog circuit (1) further comprises second components (S1 to S9; Gl to G9) which are designed to enable the test logic (38) to set switching states of the first components (7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30) in the case of the at least first test state of the analog circuit (1).
The application relates to a switching device (10) for providing two supply voltages and for switching over between the supply voltages at a load, in particular at a vehicle sensor (12), in particular via the peripheral sensor interface 5, PSI5, and for switching between the two supply voltages, comprising: – a first supply voltage source (14) and a first transistor (18) connected to the first supply voltage source (14), the first transistor (18) being designed to provide a first supply voltage at a reference node (34); – a second supply voltage source (16) and a second transistor (26) connected to the second supply voltage source (16), the second transistor (26) being designed to provide a second supply voltage at the reference node (34); and – a precharge circuit (38) connected to a control terminal (20) of the first transistor (18) and designed to supply the control terminal (20) of the first transistor (18) with a precharge voltage.
H03K 17/16 - Modifications pour éliminer les tensions ou courants parasites
H03K 17/693 - Dispositifs de commutation comportant plusieurs bornes d'entrée et de sortie, p. ex. multiplexeurs, distributeurs
G06F 1/26 - Alimentation en énergie électrique, p. ex. régulation à cet effet
H02J 1/10 - Fonctionnement de sources à courant continu en parallèle
B60R 16/03 - Circuits électriques ou circuits de fluides spécialement adaptés aux véhicules et non prévus ailleursAgencement des éléments des circuits électriques ou des circuits de fluides spécialement adapté aux véhicules et non prévu ailleurs électriques pour l'alimentation des sous-systèmes du véhicule en énergie électrique
G05F 1/56 - Régulation de la tension ou de l'intensité là où la variable effectivement régulée par le dispositif de réglage final est du type continu utilisant des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs en série avec la charge comme dispositifs de réglage final
G05F 1/59 - Régulation de la tension ou de l'intensité là où la variable effectivement régulée par le dispositif de réglage final est du type continu utilisant des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs en série avec la charge comme dispositifs de réglage final comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de réglage final pour une charge unique
31.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING THE QUIESCENT CURRENT OF A VEHICLE SENSOR
The application relates to a device (10) for measuring the quiescent current of a vehicle sensor (12), in particular by way of the peripheral sensor interface 5, PSI5, comprising: - a voltage source (14) and a shunt resistor (16), which is arranged between the voltage source (14) and a reference node, wherein the shunt resistor (16) has a first and a second terminal; - a comparator (22), - an evaluation unit (26) for evaluating the comparator output signal and for outputting an evaluation unit output signal; - a control unit (30) designed to record the evaluation unit output signal and to output a control unit output signal based on the recorded evaluation unit output signal; and - a digital-to-analogue conversion unit (28) designed to convert the control unit output signal into an offset signal and to feed the offset signal into an input path of the comparator (22).
G01R 19/00 - Dispositions pour procéder aux mesures de courant ou de tension ou pour en indiquer l'existence ou le signe
G01R 1/20 - Modifications des éléments électriques fondamentaux en vue de leur utilisation dans des appareils de mesures électriquesCombinaisons structurelles de ces éléments avec ces appareils
32.
CONTROL SYSTEM, CONTROL DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING A OPEN- AND/OR CLOSED-LOOP CONTROL SIGNAL
The invention relates to an integrated circuit (1000) for providing a control system (10) for providing open- and/or closed-loop control signals. The integrated circuit (1000) comprises a system bus (14) with a system controller (16), the system controller (16) being configured to execute system functions (18) of the control system (10). The control system is characterised in that the control system (10) furthermore has a measurement bus (20) with at least one measurement controller (22), the at least one measurement controller (22) being configured to execute measurement functions for capturing and/or preparing measurement data and/or output functions for adapting and/or outputting open- and/or closed-loop control signals. Furthermore, the control system (10) has a bus interface (24) which is configured to provide a communication link (26) between the system bus (14) and the measurement bus (20).
G05B 19/042 - Commande à programme autre que la commande numérique, c.-à-d. dans des automatismes à séquence ou dans des automates à logique utilisant des processeurs numériques
G05B 19/05 - Automates à logique programmables, p. ex. simulant les interconnexions logiques de signaux d'après des diagrammes en échelle ou des organigrammes
The LED lighting device is provided with supply voltage terminals for connection to a voltage supply source (24) which provides a supply voltage and with a first LED (12) having a forward voltage, the temperature dependence of which is known. The LED lighting device also has a power source (14) for providing an operating current for the first LED (12) and has a voltage control unit (18) with two output terminals (16', 16'') between which a controllable output voltage is applied. The first LED (12), the power source (14) and the voltage control unit (18) are connected in series between the voltage supply terminals of the voltage supply source (24). The output voltage between the output terminals (16', 16'') can be controlled by the voltage control unit (18) depending on a parameter which is obtained on the basis of current operating data of the first LED (12) and represents the temperature of the first LED (12), and therefore the temperature-dependent change in the forward voltage of the first LED can be compensated for.
A gateway for connection to a host processor and multiple slaves, which are organized in a point-to-point (P2P) topology, is provided. The gateway has an independent channel for each of the slaves, and the gateway can receive multiple control signals, each including at least one control signal for a particular predetermined slave from the multiple slaves, from the host processor. The host processor determines whether the slaves for which the at least one control signal has been received are in an operational state; and to simultaneously output the control signals received from the host processor to the slaves for which the at least one control signal has been received only when all of the slaves for which the at least one control signal has been received are in the operational state.
G06F 15/16 - Associations de plusieurs calculateurs numériques comportant chacun au moins une unité arithmétique, une unité programme et un registre, p. ex. pour le traitement simultané de plusieurs programmes
H04W 72/25 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources entre terminaux au moyen d’une liaison sans fil, p. ex. liaison secondaire
G01R 27/02 - Mesure de résistances, de réactances, d'impédances réelles ou complexes, ou autres caractéristiques bipolaires qui en dérivent, p. ex. constante de temps
36.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SAFETY SWITCH OFF OF AN ELECTRICAL CONSUMER IN A VEHICLE
In a safety switch off of an electric consumer in a vehicle, the current consumption of the consumer is monitored in its active state by a main monitoring unit with respect to a safety switch off threshold which, when reached or exceeded, results in switching off the electronic switch. In a further operating state, in which the current consumption of the line leading to the consumer is lower than in its active state, the current consumption is monitored by an auxiliary monitoring unit with respect to the rate of changes. When the consumer is in the further operating state, the main monitoring unit is deactivated or operated in standby mode. When the consumer is in the further operating state, the main monitoring unit is activated, when the rate of changes in the current consumption reaches a threshold value and/or falls short of or exceeds a voltage range.
H01H 71/74 - Moyens pour régler les conditions dans lesquelles le dispositif doit fonctionner pour assurer la protection
H01H 47/00 - Circuits autres que ceux appropriés à une application particulière du relais et prévue pour obtenir une caractéristique de fonctionnement donnée ou pour assurer un courant d'excitation donné
The quantum process-based generator (28) for real random numbers (411, 418) has an entropy source (401), and the quantum process-based generator (28) for real random numbers (411, 418) evaluates a signal (405) of the entropy source (401) using a time-to-pseudo random number converter (TPRC) (404.3) and generates one or more random bits (411) and optionally random numbers (418).
A lidar receiver circuit for receiving optical signals using photodetectors to detect events or objects in the surrounding area, with a redundancy of receiver circuits for reducing failure probability, including a photodetector array for receiving optical signals and outputting a measurement signal, wherein the photodetectors are arranged as a two-dimensional matrix, a plurality of receiver circuits for receiving the measurement signal; a plurality of multiplexers, which are electrically arranged between the array and circuits and are connected thereto; wherein at least one of the multiplexers is connected to a column of photodetectors and at least two receiver circuits; each circuit is configured to receive and process the measurement signals of a column; a column of photodetectors is assigned to each receiver circuit by default; and the multiplexers connect a column to a receiver circuit other than the receiver circuit, which is assigned to the column of photodetectors by default.
The invention provides a method (300) for initializing a power assembly (100) having an installed switching element (104). The method (300) comprises providing (302) a plurality of predetermined drive parameter sets and characteristic values for a plurality of different predetermined switching element types, wherein the switching element (104) installed in the power assembly (100) corresponds to a switching element type of the plurality of different switching element types. The method also comprises ascertaining (304) a measurement value in the power assembly (100), said measurement value being dependent on a gate charge of the switching element (104) and/or on a threshold voltage of the switching element (104). The method furthermore comprises comparing (306) the ascertained measurement value with the characteristic values of the plurality of different switching element types. In addition, the method comprises selecting (308) a drive parameter set of the plurality of predetermined drive parameter sets for driving the switching element (104) on the basis of the comparison of the ascertained measurement value with the characteristic values of the plurality of different switching element types. Moreover, the method (300) comprises setting (310) the selected drive parameter set for driving the switching element (104) during operation of the initialized power assembly (100).
H03K 17/14 - Modifications pour compenser les variations de valeurs physiques, p. ex. de la température
G01R 31/26 - Test de dispositifs individuels à semi-conducteurs
G01R 31/27 - Test de dispositifs sans les extraire physiquement du circuit dont ils font partie, p. ex. compensation des effets dus aux éléments environnants
H03K 17/0412 - Modifications pour accélérer la commutation sans réaction du circuit de sortie vers le circuit de commande par des dispositions prises dans le circuit de commande
H03K 17/16 - Modifications pour éliminer les tensions ou courants parasites
40.
MODIFIED UART INTERFACE AND UART DATA TRANSMISSION FOR REAL-TIME DATA TRANSMISSION OF ECHO DATA TO A HIGHER-LEVEL COMPUTER SYSTEM
A method and a device perform data communication between a superordinate computer system of an ultrasonic measurement system and an associated ultrasonic sensor via a modified UART data interface. The method and device exit the UART protocol and use a special signaling protocol and a modification of the UART data interface for the duration of an ultrasonic measurement phase to transmit the arrival of echoes at the ultrasonic sensor promptly to the superordinate computer system and return to the UART protocol for the data transmission from the ultrasonic sensor to the superordinate computer system after the end of the ultrasonic measurement phase.
A light receiver circuit with compensation of propagation times has at least one light sensor, one control circuit, one connecting line to a TDC circuit, and a test circuit. The test line is connected to a test signal source. The test circuit connects the test line to the control circuit and forwards the test signal to the control circuit. The control circuit routes a measurement signal of the light sensor to the TDC circuit and a test signal to the connecting line and to the TDC circuit to evaluate the test signal and propagation time of test signal from test circuit to TDC circuit. The light sensor array further includes a plurality of light receiver circuits of such kind. The invention also relates to a Lidar receiver for capturing optical events with a light sensor array with a TDC circuit and a test signal source and with a timecode generator.
A timing generator as master clock for an electronic circuit includes a coarse code and a plurality of fine codes, has a ring oscillator with an uneven number n of delay elements, each of which has a delay output at which clock signal is present; clock dividers which are connected to the delay outputs and at whose output a clock divider output signal is output; start circuit for generating initialization signal to trigger clock dividers, and clock generator that further processes clock signal and generates a coarse code, and an output at which generated timestamp is output, wherein the fine codes of timestamp are formed from clock divider output signals of the clock dividers, and the coarse code and the fine codes contain redundant information that a time shift of the fine codes relative to the coarse code by at most (n−1)/2 time differences results in a correct timestamp.
H05B 47/11 - Commande de la source lumineuse en réponse à des paramètres détectés en détectant la luminosité ou la température de couleur de la lumière ambiante
H05B 47/18 - Commande de la source lumineuse par télécommande via une transmission par bus de données
44.
Method and apparatuses for controlling the output voltage of a voltage regulator
A device includes a voltage regulator, circuits, and a current bus. Each of the circuits includes at least one LED driver. The voltage regulator supplies electrical energy to a plurality of LED groups. Each of the circuits includes a voltage measuring circuit for detecting voltage drops across the LED drivers. The LED drivers set the currents through the LED groups. Each of the circuits includes a local controller. The local controller withdraws a current from the control bus in dependence on the detected voltage drops of the LED drivers included in the circuit. A bias current source injects a bias current into the control bus. The control bus sums the currents in the current bus. The output of the regulator is controlled based on the summed current.
An ultrasonic measuring device includes an ultrasonic transducer without voltage converter having two transducer terminals to which an alternately reversible control voltage can be applied for emitting an ultrasonic burst signal in a control phase and to which an evaluation voltage is applied in a reception phase. The ultrasonic transducer decays in a decay phase between the control phase and the reception phase. A control unit generates the control voltage. The control unit comprises a full bridge circuit with two half bridge circuits, each comprising two semiconductor driving switches, which are connected to the two terminals of the ultrasonic transducer. An evaluation unit is provided with two input terminals, each of which is connected to the terminals of the ultrasonic transducer via a connection line. Voltage limiting elements in the two terminal lines limit the voltage applied to the input terminals of the amplifier.
A scalar magnetometer includes a sensor element, a circuit carrier, a pump radiation source, a radiation receiver and evaluation means. The pump radiation source emits pump radiation. The sensor element preferably includes one or more NV centers in diamond as paramagnetic centers. This paramagnetic center emits fluorescence radiation when irradiated with pump radiation. The radiation receiver converts a intensity signal of the fluorescence radiation into a receiver output signal. The evaluation means detects and/or stores and/or transmits the value of the receiver output signal. The material of the circuit carrier is preferably transparent for the pump radiation in the radiation path between pump radiation source and sensor element and transparent for the fluorescence radiation in the radiation path between sensor element and radiation receiver. The components sensor element, pump radiation source, radiation receiver and evaluation means are preferably mechanically attached to the circuit carrier.
G01R 33/26 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques faisant intervenir la résonance magnétique pour la mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques utilisant le pompage optique
G01R 33/00 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques
G01R 33/32 - Systèmes d'excitation ou de détection, p. ex. utilisant des signaux radiofréquence
G01R 33/36 - Détails électriques, p. ex. adaptations ou couplage de la bobine au récepteur
G06N 10/40 - Réalisations ou architectures physiques de processeurs ou de composants quantiques pour la manipulation de qubits, p. ex. couplage ou commande de qubit
G01V 3/30 - Prospection ou détection électrique ou magnétiqueMesure des caractéristiques du champ magnétique de la terre, p. ex. de la déclinaison ou de la déviation spécialement adaptée au carottage fonctionnant au moyen d'ondes électromagnétiques
A method for transmitting data from an ultrasonic sensor to a computer system includes forming a feature vector signal from an electric reception signal; recognizing signal objects in the reception signal and classifying the signal objects according to predetermined signal object classes. The signal objects are forms or sequences of forms. At least one object parameter allocated to the signal object and one symbol for the signal object class are allocated to each signal object, or for each signal object, at least one signal object parameter and a symbol object are determined. The method further includes transmitting the symbol and the at least one signal object parameter to the computer system as data of a recognized signal object. One of the forms in the signal object belonging to the signal object class includes a peak, and one of the transmitted signal object parameters is an amplitude of the peak.
G01S 7/00 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , ,
G01S 7/52 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe
G01S 7/539 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 13/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes radar avec des systèmes autres que radar, p. ex. sonar, chercheur de direction
A method and a device examine an environment of a vehicle by analyzing echo signals generated by reflection of transmitted ultrasonic signals at an object. Two different ultrasonic burst signals are transmitted in a same direction and into a same area of the environment. Timely offset echo signals are created at an object by reflection of the two ultrasonic burst signals. The two echo signals are evaluated to determine different parameters of an object. The distance of the object is calculated based on the echo signal of the ultrasonic burst signal with the lower number of ultrasonic pulses. Based on the echo signal of the ultrasonic burst signal with the higher number of ultrasonic pulses, the velocity can be calculated at which the vehicle and the object move relative to each other in the direction of transmission of both ultrasonic burst signals or opposite thereto.
A device and a method evaluate signals from one or more Wheatstone bridges. The requirements of ISO 26262 are taken into account by mixing a test signal with the measurement signal before amplification and before analog-to-digital conversion. After amplification and analog-to-digital conversion, the measurement signal and the test signal are unmixed again. If the test signal does not meet the expectation, the amplifier and/or the analog-to-digital converter is determined to be faulty.
G01L 27/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils pour la mesure de la pression des fluides
G01L 9/00 - Mesure de la pression permanente, ou quasi permanente d’un fluide ou d’un matériau solide fluent par des éléments électriques ou magnétiques sensibles à la pressionTransmission ou indication par des moyens électriques ou magnétiques du déplacement des éléments mécaniques sensibles à la pression, utilisés pour mesurer la pression permanente ou quasi permanente d’un fluide ou d’un matériau solide fluent
50.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DATA COMMUNICATION IN A VEHICLE BETWEEN AN ACTUATION APPARATUS AND MULTIPLE UNITS
In the case of the method and the apparatus for data communication in a vehicle between an actuation apparatus and multiple units, which may be sensors and/or actuators, there are multiple communication channels (22 to 28), by way of each of which at least one unit (14 to 20) is communicatively connected to the actuation apparatus (12). The communication between the actuation apparatus (12) and the units (14 to 20) is performed by transmitting signal pulse sequences (22' to 28') of pulses (30) with the same repetition rate, which have rising edges (32). Signal pulse sequences (22' to 28') transmitted via at least two of the communication channels (22 to 28) are transmitted with a phase shift in relation to one another, and so the rising edges (32) of the pulses (30) of one transmitted signal pulse sequence (22' to 28') have a time offset with respect to the rising edges (32) of the pulses (30) of the or each other transmitted signal pulse sequence (22' to 28') within the period defined by the repetition rate.
The invention relates to a light module comprising a VCSEL laser array die (VCSELA) for emitting laser pulses for LIDAR applications, wherein the parasitic inductances are low due to a particular construction and connection technique and thus a high switching speed is achieved. The VCSEL laser array die (VCSELA) and a capacitor array (CAP) are mounted on a support in a stacked die arrangement for this purpose.
H01S 5/183 - Lasers à émission de surface [lasers SE], p. ex. comportant à la fois des cavités horizontales et verticales comportant uniquement des cavités verticales, p. ex. lasers à émission de surface à cavité verticale [VCSEL]
Devices and methods prevent injection of a substrate current into the substrate Sub of a CMOS circuit. The devices detect the potential of a contact of the integrated CMOS circuit, compare the value of the potential detected with a reference value and connect the contact to a leakage circuit node for discharging the current such that same does not flow to ground via the parasitic bipolar lateral structure. The leakage circuit node can be connected to the reference potential line or to another line that has a higher potential than the reference potential line. This electrical connection is activated when the value of the potential of the contact is lower than or equal to a reference value.
H01L 29/12 - Corps semi-conducteurs caractérisés par les matériaux dont ils sont constitués
B60R 21/01 - Circuits électriques pour déclencher le fonctionnement des dispositions de sécurité en cas d'accident, ou d'accident imminent, de véhicule
The invention relates to an electronic safeguard for a vehicle, by means of which operating parameters, for example of the supply network of the vehicle, can be monitored in order to, for example, carry out reconfigurations to the supply network or to detach electronic loads of the vehicle when it is foreseeable that the electric power which can currently be provided will be insufficient to supply electricity, for example, to all operated loads or to individual loads.
B60R 16/03 - Circuits électriques ou circuits de fluides spécialement adaptés aux véhicules et non prévus ailleursAgencement des éléments des circuits électriques ou des circuits de fluides spécialement adapté aux véhicules et non prévu ailleurs électriques pour l'alimentation des sous-systèmes du véhicule en énergie électrique
G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p. ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
G01R 33/032 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs magnéto-optiques, p. ex. par effet Faraday
H02H 3/08 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour déconnexion automatique due directement à un changement indésirable des conditions électriques normales de travail avec ou sans reconnexion sensibles à une surcharge
54.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FREE SPACE QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION
The invention relates to a single-photon transmitter for enabling secure authentication, comprising a plurality of single-photon sources, a controller which is configured to actuate each one of the single-photon sources separately, and an optical sub-device which is configured to combine single-photon streams of photons emitted by the at least one single-photon source to form a QKD coupling beam consisting of a common stream of single-photons. The invention also relates to a single-photon receiver for receiving a QKD coupling beam transmitted by a single-photon transmitter. The invention also relates to a method for generating a common quantum key for a single-photon transmitter and a single-photon receiver. The invention also relates to an integrated QKD circuit. The invention also relates to a car key comprising a single-photon transmitter and/or a single-photon receiver. The invention also relates to a car comprising a single-photon transmitter and/or a single-photon receiver. The invention also relates to the use of a single-photon transmitter and/or a single-photon receiver for data exchange. The invention also relates to a SPAD diode for a sensor element of a single-photon detector for a single-photon transmitter and/or for a single-photon receiver.
The invention relates to a secure microcontroller (1) for controlling devices in a car, having a semiconductor substrate, storage elements, at least one internal bus (2), at least one 8/16/32/64-bit microcontroller core, one or more data interfaces, and at least one quantum-process-based generator (15) for genuine random numbers. The storage elements, the data interface, the quantum-process-based generator (15), and the microcontroller core (16) are connected to the internal bus (2). The quantum-process-based generator (15) generates a random number and makes it available at the request of the microcontroller core (16). The microcontroller core (16) generates a key with the aid of a program from one or more of its storage elements and with the aid of the random number. With the aid of a program from one or more of its storage elements and with the aid of the key, the microcontroller core (16) encrypts and decrypts data that it exchanges via the data interface with devices outside the secure microcontroller (1). The semiconductor substrate comprises the part-devices of the secure microcontroller (1) listed here in one piece.
G01R 19/25 - Dispositions pour procéder aux mesures de courant ou de tension ou pour en indiquer l'existence ou le signe utilisant une méthode de mesure numérique
57.
TRILATERATION-BASED ULTRASONIC SENSOR SYSTEM WITH KALMAN FILTERING AND SOLUTION CLUSTERING
The invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor system (USSS), wherein the ultrasonic sensor system (USSS) determines distances on the basis of ultrasonic echos acquired by at least four ultrasonic sensors, and determines ultrasonic sensor system (USSS) solutions by way of a trilateral method from these distances and filters each of the solutions to filtered solutions by way of a Kalman filtering method and clusters the filtered solutions to accepted solutions by way of a clustering method.
A light module has a carrier with a circuit die. On the top side of the carrier, a light-emitting diode die and a charge store component are electrically connected to the conduction path terminal areas of a transistor by means of die-to-die bondings. The electrical connection between the two dies and the conduction path of the transistor is as short as possible. A terminal area is situated in each case on the top side of the two dies, which terminal areas are connected to one another using a first bonding wire. The charge store component is charged by means of a charging circuit which is electrically connected to the charge store component via a second bonding wire. The second bonding wire is longer than the first bonding wire. The light module may be part of a LIDAR apparatus.
H01S 3/00 - Lasers, c.-à-d. dispositifs utilisant l'émission stimulée de rayonnement électromagnétique dans la gamme de l’infrarouge, du visible ou de l’ultraviolet
G01S 7/481 - Caractéristiques de structure, p. ex. agencements d'éléments optiques
G01S 17/10 - Systèmes déterminant les données relatives à la position d'une cible pour mesurer la distance uniquement utilisant la transmission d'ondes à modulation d'impulsion interrompues
H01L 23/00 - Détails de dispositifs à semi-conducteurs ou d'autres dispositifs à l'état solide
H01S 5/062 - Dispositions pour commander les paramètres de sortie du laser, p. ex. en agissant sur le milieu actif en faisant varier le potentiel des électrodes
H01S 5/0683 - Stabilisation des paramètres de sortie du laser en surveillant les paramètres optiques de sortie
H01S 5/40 - Agencement de plusieurs lasers à semi-conducteurs, non prévu dans les groupes
59.
Methods and apparatuses for measuring magnetic flux density and other parameters by means of a plurality of NV centers, and applications thereof
A sensor system includes a quantum dot including one or more paramagnetic centers. It comprises a control and evaluation device including a pump radiation source, a radiation receiver and which irradiates the quantum dot depending on a transmission signal. The quantum dot emits fluorescence radiation upon irradiation with the pump radiation, which depends on the magnetic flux density and/or on another physical parameter. The control and evaluation device generates an output signal including a measured value as a function of the fluorescence radiation. The control and evaluation device compensatingly readjusts the sensitivity of the quantum dot for the magnetic flux density and/or the other physical parameter by means of one or more compensation coils.
G01D 5/26 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette
G01D 5/245 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques influençant les caractéristiques d'impulsionsMoyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques produisant des impulsions ou des trains d'impulsions utilisant un nombre variable d'impulsions dans un train
G01D 5/30 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec déviation des rayons lumineux, p. ex. pour une indication optique directe les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques
60.
Method for controlling an electric motor having a mechanical commutator
A method for controlling an electric motor including a mechanical commutator, includes determining points in time at which commutation takes place by a sensor or without a sensor. The method further includes controlling the electric motor by a supply voltage signal having a sequence of pulses. The method further includes modulating the supply voltage signal by a modulation signal to reduce the magnitude of the supply voltage signal at the commutation points in time.
H02P 7/06 - Dispositions pour réguler ou commander la vitesse ou le couple de moteurs électriques à courant continu pour réguler ou commander individuellement un moteur dynamo-électrique à courant continu en faisant varier le champ ou le courant d'induit
H02P 25/10 - Moteurs à collecteur, p. ex. moteurs à répulsion
61.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROVIDING A COMMUTATION INTERVAL
o,0u,0o,iu,iu,i of the commutation interval is adjusted in proportion with the square of the operating current (i) and/or a shift of the commutation interval is adjusted in linear proportion with the operating current. The present invention also relates to a method for determining magnetization parameters of a three-phase electric motor (210) having a rotor and a stator. The present invention additionally relates to a method for determining an initial rotor position of a three-phase electric motor (310) having a control circuit (3100).
H02P 6/185 - Dispositions de circuits pour détecter la position sans éléments séparés pour détecter la position utilisant la détection par inductance, p. ex. excitation par impulsion
A laser module comprises a plurality of laser submodules with a respective plurality of lasers. Each laser submodule has a driver IC. Each driver IC controls several lasers. The driver ICs of the laser module can use the received signals of photodetectors to homogenize and readjust the real emission amplitude of the laser pulses for all lasers of the laser module and regulate the emission point in time of the respective real laser pulses to a synchronization signal. The driver IC can detect a failure of a laser by the photodetector belonging to it and output an error signal. The lasers directly coupled with the photodetectors in a compact design.
In the case of the method and the subscribers and the communication bus system for transmitting data, in addition to the possibility from the bus master to the subscribers using differential electrical signals, a binary data transmission from the subscribers to the bus master is implemented by analysing the effect of changes to the common-mode level. For this purpose, a data transmission current is fed in or drawn at the input (12) of a subscriber (10), this being identified at the output (16) of a neighbouring subscriber (10), specifically based on the draw or the infeed of a compensation current in order to keep the common-mode level at the target value. A data transmission from the bus master (28) to the subscribers (10) using non-differential signals may take place in addition to the data transmission using differential electrical signals through a deliberate change in the common-mode level made by the bus master (28), this being identified at the input (12) of the first subscriber (10). This change in the common-mode level at the input (12) of a subscriber (10) is conveyed to a reference voltage source (42) at the output (16) of the subscriber (10), such that the same common-mode level shift as was sensed at the input (12) of the subscriber (10) is then generated at the output (16) of the subscriber (10).
The subscriber (10') for a communication bus system with a two-wire line having a plurality of two-wire line portions as differential communication bus for connecting a plurality of subscribers in series connection to a bus master and for communicating by means of differential voltage signals, the two-wire line having a first line and a second line and each two-wire line portion comprising a portion of the first line and a portion of the second line, has a receiver (24) and a transmitter (26), to which two-wire line portions (20, 22) are connected in each case. A terminating resistor (30), which is arranged in series with a test switch (32), is located at the input. Two bridging resistors (34, 36) are located between the receiver (24) and the transmitter (26). In addition, a further switch lies parallel to the receiver (24) of the subscriber (10') and is used in the automatic address assignment.
The subscriber (10) for a communication bus system with a two-wire line having a plurality of two-wire line portions as differential communication bus for connecting a plurality of subscribers in series connection to a bus master and for communicating by means of differential electrical signals, the two-wire line having a first line and a second line and each two-wire line portion comprising a portion of the first line and a portion of the second line, has a receiver (24) and a transmitter (26), to which two-wire line portions (20, 22) are connected in each case. A terminating resistor (30), which is arranged in series with a test switch (32), is located at the input. Two bridging resistors (34, 36) are located between the receiver (24) and the transmitter (26).
A device comprises a voltage regulator, circuits, a voltage-to-current converter, a control bus, a resistor and a resistor network. Each of the circuits has at least one LED connector and one LED driver. Each of the circuits has a measuring circuit for detecting voltage differences between the potentials of LED terminals and a reference potential. Further, each of the circuits includes a local controller. The local controller withdraws a current from the control bus in dependence on the detected voltage differences. Bias current sources inject bias currents into the control bus in form of a sum current of the injected bias currents. The resistor performs a current-to-voltage conversion of the sum current to a control voltage. The voltage-to-current converter converts the control voltage into a current. The resistor network converts the current into a voltage value. An output voltage of the voltage regulator depends on the voltage value.
An embodiment relates to a housing (10) for an ultrasonic transducer (100), the housing (10) comprising a bottom wall (14), which is adapted to act as an oscillation membrane; and an essentially cylindrical side wall (12) extending from the bottom wall (14), wherein the side wall (12) comprises an enhancement structure (18) enhancing the elasticity of the cylindrical side wall (12). Further embodiments relate to an ultrasonic transducer (100), a vehicle (30), the use of an enhancement element (18) and methods for designing or manufacturing a housing (10).
A method supplies a lighting device with electrical energy, wherein the lighting device includes at least two integrated circuits with at least one LED group by a current source associated with this LED group. The method includes generating a supply voltage by a voltage regulator, adjusting a LED group current passing the LED groups by one of the respective current sources , detecting the voltage drops across the current sources, selecting one voltage drop of each integrated circuit as a characteristic voltage drop, generating a control value of the respective integrated circuit, according to the characteristic voltage drop, reducing the control voltage when the control voltage is greater than a control value of the respective integrated circuit, and controlling the output voltage in accordance with the control voltage and/or in accordance with a control bus voltage derived from the control voltage.
A control signal for controlling a light emitting device is PWM modulated in time, the PWM modulation comprising PWM pulses and PWM periods. The PWM pulse instantaneous frequency of a PWM pulse is the reciprocal of the instantaneous PWM period of the PWM pulse. The PWM pulse instantaneous frequency depends on the PWM duty cycle of the PWM pulses of the control signal. The PWM pulse instantaneous frequency of the PWM pulses is a first PWM pulse instantaneous frequency at a first PWM duty cycle of the control signal, and is a second PWM pulse instantaneous frequency at a second PWM duty cycle of the control signal. In an operating condition, the first PWM duty cycle is less than the second PWM duty cycle and the first PWM pulse instantaneous frequency is less than the second PWM pulse instantaneous frequency.
analyzes the change in the current at a plurality of times of switching a relevant switching element in a load branch or the switching elements in a plurality of load branches.
G01R 15/14 - Adaptations fournissant une isolation en tension ou en courant, p. ex. adaptations pour les réseaux à haute tension ou à courant fort
G01R 29/027 - Indication de ce qu'une caractéristique d'impulsion est, soit supérieure ou inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée, soit à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur d'une plage de valeurs prédéterminée
H03K 17/16 - Modifications pour éliminer les tensions ou courants parasites
71.
Method and device for controlling the electrical voltage for a safety-relevant load
Control circuitry for the load voltage of a safety-relevant load is sensitive to values of the load voltage outside a safe voltage range. The control circuitry includes a seventh node, a reference potential, a dominant main control circuit, and a non-dominant emergency control circuit. The seventh node is part of the dominant main control circuit, and not part of the non-dominant emergency control circuit. The load voltage of the safety relevant load drops between the seventh node and the reference potential. The dominant main control circuit includes the load voltage as a control parameter, whereas the non-dominant emergency control circuit does not. In the event of an uninterrupted dominant main control circuit, the load voltage depends on the load voltage, and in the event of an interrupted dominant main control circuit, does NOT depend on the load voltage but is controlled nevertheless.
B60R 21/017 - Circuits électriques pour déclencher le fonctionnement des dispositions de sécurité en cas d'accident, ou d'accident imminent, de véhicule comportant des dispositions pour alimenter les dispositions de sécurité en courant électrique
G05F 1/56 - Régulation de la tension ou de l'intensité là où la variable effectivement régulée par le dispositif de réglage final est du type continu utilisant des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs en série avec la charge comme dispositifs de réglage final
72.
METHOD FOR PREVENTING THE NON-DEPLOYMENT OF AIRBAGS BY SHORT-CIRCUITS ON FEED LINES OF OTHER AIRBAGS
The invention relates to a method for operating a safety-related control device for vehicles, in particular for an airbag control device. The control device has a power reserve and receives signals from sensors and/or other systems. It has a first and a second operating state. The power consumption of the safety-related control device is quantitatively higher in the first operating state than in the second operating state. The method comprises detecting a safety-critical event on the basis of the signals from the sensors and/or from the other systems, followed by switching over to the second operating state if a safety-critical event occurs, and performing the safety-related function of the safety-related control device in the second operating state. The special feature is that the safety-related control device is supplied with power from the power reserve if the safety-related control device is in the second operating state, and therefore the solution reduces or avoids the potentially safety-critical ground offset.
B60R 21/017 - Circuits électriques pour déclencher le fonctionnement des dispositions de sécurité en cas d'accident, ou d'accident imminent, de véhicule comportant des dispositions pour alimenter les dispositions de sécurité en courant électrique
73.
METHOD FOR ISO 26262-COMPLIANT EVALUATION OF A PRESSURE-SENSOR SIGNAL
The invention relates to a device and a method for evaluating signals from one or more Wheatstone bridges. According to the invention, requirements of ISO 26262 are taken into account by mixing a test signal with the measurement signal before amplification and before analog-to-digital conversion. After amplification and after analog-to-digital conversion, the measurement signal and the test signal are separated again. If the test signal is not as expected, then the amplifier and/or the analog-to-digital converter is defective. The advantage of the method is that it can be used during, but without interfering with, normal operation.
G01L 27/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils pour la mesure de la pression des fluides
G01M 99/00 - Matière non prévue dans les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe
G01R 17/02 - Dispositions dans lesquelles la valeur à mesurer est automatiquement comparée à une valeur de référence
G01R 31/28 - Test de circuits électroniques, p. ex. à l'aide d'un traceur de signaux
G01R 17/10 - Ponts de mesure alternatifs ou continus
G01D 18/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils ou des dispositions prévus dans les groupes
G01D 3/08 - Dispositions pour la mesure prévues pour les objets particuliers indiqués dans les sous-groupes du présent groupe avec dispositions pour protéger l'appareil, p. ex. contre les fonctionnements anormaux, contre les pannes
A safety-related device for use in vehicles, includes a microcomputer, a micro-electronic circuit, a first data bus interface, a second data bus interface, a safety unit (Safety-Agent), a PSI5 sensor link, and a sensor signal simulation unit which can simulate a sensor. The safety unit (Safety-Agent) is controlled via the first data interface by the microcomputer. The sensor signal simulation unit and the sensor interface and the switching between same via the second data interface is controlled via the microcomputer.
B60R 21/017 - Circuits électriques pour déclencher le fonctionnement des dispositions de sécurité en cas d'accident, ou d'accident imminent, de véhicule comportant des dispositions pour alimenter les dispositions de sécurité en courant électrique
B60R 21/01 - Circuits électriques pour déclencher le fonctionnement des dispositions de sécurité en cas d'accident, ou d'accident imminent, de véhicule
H01L 27/00 - Dispositifs consistant en une pluralité de composants semi-conducteurs ou d'autres composants à l'état solide formés dans ou sur un substrat commun
76.
Transformerless ultrasonic transducer activation with only one external energy store
Disclosed is a driver stage for activating a first ultrasonic transducer and a method for the operation thereof. The driver stage comprises a first charge pump or power source and a first capacitor. The driver stage also comprises first means for charging the first capacitor with electrical energy from the charge pump and second means for connecting the first capacitor and ultrasonic transducer to different polarities. The first means do not charge the first capacitor with energy from the charge pump or power source when the first capacitor is connected to the ultrasonic transducer by the second means.
H02M 3/07 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des résistances ou des capacités, p. ex. diviseur de tension utilisant des capacités chargées et déchargées alternativement par des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande
B06B 1/02 - Procédés ou appareils pour produire des vibrations mécaniques de fréquence infrasonore, sonore ou ultrasonore utilisant l'énergie électrique
H03K 17/51 - Commutation ou ouverture de porte électronique, c.-à-d. par d'autres moyens que la fermeture et l'ouverture de contacts caractérisée par l'utilisation de composants spécifiés
ooo) of the object (O) by quantity and direction on the basis of Doppler frequencies; 3. Increasing a probability value that the object (O) is an animate object if the quantity of the velocity vector (I) of the movement of the object (O) lies below a first threshold value; and 4. Decreasing the probability value that the object (O) is an animate object if the quantity of the velocity vector (I) of the movement of the object (O) lies above a second threshold value, which can be equal to the first threshold value, wherein the probability value can depend on further parameters; and 5. Evaluating the object (O) as an animate object if said probability value lies above a third threshold value.
The invention relates to different devices and methods for inhibiting the injection of a substrate current into the substrate Sub of a CMOS circuit. The devices carry out methods for inhibiting an injection of this type in different manners. They detect the potential of a contact (PDH, PDL) of the integrated CMOS circuit, compare the value of the potential detected in this way with a reference value, and connect the contact (PDH, PDL) with a leakage circuit node (ABK) for discharging the current, such that same does not flow to earth via the parasitic bipolar lateral structure, i.e. not in the substrate. The leakage circuit node can be connected, e.g. to the reference potential line (GND) or with another line, which has a higher potential than that of the reference potential line (GND). This electrical connection is then activated or initiated, if the value of the potential of the contact (PDH, PDL) is lower than or equal to a reference value, wherein said reference value is lower than the value of the potential of the substrate Sub and/or lower than the value of the potential of the reference potential line (GND) or the above-mentioned other line.
H01L 27/02 - Dispositifs consistant en une pluralité de composants semi-conducteurs ou d'autres composants à l'état solide formés dans ou sur un substrat commun comprenant des éléments de circuit passif intégrés avec au moins une barrière de potentiel ou une barrière de surface
H02H 9/04 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour limiter l'excès de courant ou de tension sans déconnexion sensibles à un excès de tension
H03K 17/16 - Modifications pour éliminer les tensions ou courants parasites
QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES UG (HAFTUNGSBESCHRÄNKT) (Allemagne)
Inventeur(s)
Burchard, Bernd
Meijer, Jan
Rönisch, Arthur
Staacke, Robert
Abrégé
The invention relates to a scalar magnetometer comprising a sensor element (NVD), a circuit carrier (GPCB), a pumping radiation source (PLED), a radiation receiver (PD), and analysis means (ADC, IF). The pumping radiation source (PLED) emits pumping radiation (LB). The sensor element (NVD) comprises preferably one or more NV centers in diamond as paramagnetic centers. The aforementioned paramagnetic center of the sensor element (NVD) emits a fluorescence radiation (FL) upon being irradiated with pumping radiation (LB), the intensity of said fluorescence radiation (FL) of the paramagnetic center being based on the magnetic flux density B at the location of the paramagnetic center. The radiation receiver (PD) converts the intensity signal of the fluorescence radiation (FL) into a receiver output signal (SO), and the analysis means (ADC, IF) is suitable for and designed to detect, store, and/or forward the value of the receiver output signal (SO) as a measurement value. The material of the circuit carrier (GPCB) is preferably transparent to the pumping radiation (LB) in the radiation path between the pumping radiation source (PLED) and the sensor element (NVD) and to the fluorescence radiation (FL) in the radiation path between the sensor element (NVD) and the radiation receiver (PD). The sensor element (NVD), pumping radiation source (PLED), radiation receiver (PD), and analysis means (ADC, IF) components are preferably mechanically secured to the circuit carrier (GPCB).
G01R 33/032 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs magnéto-optiques, p. ex. par effet Faraday
G01R 33/26 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques faisant intervenir la résonance magnétique pour la mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques utilisant le pompage optique
H05K 1/09 - Emploi de matériaux pour réaliser le parcours métallique
C03C 8/14 - Mélanges de frittes vitreuses contenant des additifs, p. ex. des agents opacifiants, des colorants, des agents de broyage
F21V 8/00 - Utilisation de guides de lumière, p. ex. dispositifs à fibres optiques, dans les dispositifs ou systèmes d'éclairage
80.
LIGHT MODULE AND LIDAR APPARATUS HAVING AT LEAST ONE LIGHT MODULE OF THIS TYPE
G01S 17/14 - Systèmes déterminant les données relatives à la position d'une cible pour mesurer la distance uniquement utilisant la transmission d'ondes à modulation d'impulsion interrompues dans lesquels une impulsion de tension ou de courant est initiée et terminée en fonction respectivement de l'émission d'impulsions et de la réception d'écho, p. ex. en utilisant des compteurs
A method for identifying bus nodes in a bus system makes it possible to be able to operate bus slaves of two different types in mixed systems. The detection of which bus slave has not yet been allocated an address in an addressing phase is carried out differently depending on a type of the bus slave. In all cases, however, the bus slave connected to the bus line farthest away from the bus master is identified as that bus slave to which an address is to be allocated.
A method to operate an ultrasonic sensor includes the step of sending an ultrasonic burst as a series of ultrasonic pulses that have a pulse length and a pulse spacing. The sum of the pulse length and pulse spacing represents the pulse period length. The ultrasonic burst starts at a first time and ends at a second time. The current pulse frequency corresponds to an inverse of the current pulse length. The current pulse frequency, during a first time period passes through a first frequency range, in a following middle time period a middle frequency range and in a following second time period a second frequency range. The length of time of the middle time period is equal to or longer than the sum of the first time period and the second time period.
The invention relates to a sensor system (NVMS) with a quantum dot, which can comprise a paramagnetic centre (NV1). The sensor system comprises a control and analysis device (AWV), which has a first pumped radiation source (PL1), a radiation receiver (PD1), and which irradiates the quantum dot with pumped radiation (LB) by means of the first pumped radiation source (PL1). The quantum dot emits fluorescence radiation (FL) as it is irradiated with the pumped radiation (LB), the fluorescence radiation being dependent on a physical parameter. Depending on the fluorescence radiation (FL), the control and analysis device (AWV) generates a first output signal (out) having a signal component that represents a measurement value. The measurement value is dependent on the value of the physical parameter. By means of one or more compensation coils (LC), the control and analysis device (AWV) controls the sensitivity of the quantum dot for the physical parameter in a compensatory manner, such that the receiver output signal (SO) of the radiation receiver (PD1) then no longer has any substantial component of the transmission signal (S5).
G01D 5/26 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette
G01D 5/14 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques influençant la valeur d'un courant ou d'une tension
G01D 5/245 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques influençant les caractéristiques d'impulsionsMoyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques produisant des impulsions ou des trains d'impulsions utilisant un nombre variable d'impulsions dans un train
G01R 33/032 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs magnéto-optiques, p. ex. par effet Faraday
G01N 24/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de la résonance magnétique nucléaire, de la résonance paramagnétique électronique ou d'autres effets de spin
84.
METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTRIC MOTOR HAVING A MECHANICAL COMMUTATOR
The invention relates to a method for controlling an electric motor (10) having a mechanical commutator (12), wherein in the method the points in time at which a commutation occurs are determined by means of a sensor (36) or without a sensor. Furthermore, the electric motor (10) is controlled by means of a supply voltage signal (16) comprising a sequence of pulses. Finally, the supply voltage signal (16) is modulated by means of a modulation signal (28) in order to reduce the size thereof at the commutation times (24).
H02P 25/10 - Moteurs à collecteur, p. ex. moteurs à répulsion
H02P 7/29 - Dispositions pour réguler ou commander la vitesse ou le couple de moteurs électriques à courant continu pour réguler ou commander individuellement un moteur dynamo-électrique à courant continu en faisant varier le champ ou le courant d'induit par commande maîtresse avec puissance auxiliaire utilisant des tubes à décharge ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs utilisant des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs commandant l'alimentation de l'induit seulement utilisant la modulation d'impulsions
H02P 7/00 - Dispositions pour réguler ou commander la vitesse ou le couple de moteurs électriques à courant continu
A self-testing measuring system includes at least three modes: an operating mode and at least two test modes. In a third test mode, a digital signal generating unit stimulates the digital input circuit directly by means of test signals. In a second test mode, the digital signal generating unit stimulates the analogue signal string and the digital input circuit by means of test signals. In a first test mode, the digital signal generating unit stimulates the analogue signal string, the measuring unit (typically an ultrasound transducer) and the digital input circuit by means of test signals, thereby allowing this signal string to be tested. In the operating mode, the digital signal generating unit stimulates the analogue signal string, the measuring unit (typically an ultrasound transducer) and the digital input circuit by means of output signals, thereby allowing the signal string to be monitored for parameter compliance.
A device for supplying at least two LED chains with electricity detects and then signals an interruption in the current path through the LED chains. A sub-device, in the event of a short circuit of an LED within a first LED chain, brings about a detection and/or a subsequent signalling of an interruption of the current path within another LED chain of these at least two LED chains. The associated method comprises the steps of detecting the short circuit of an individual LED in a first LED chain and of interrupting, as a result, the flow of current through at least one other LED chain and subsequently detecting this interruption of the flow of current through the other LED chain by means of the interruption detection system already existing as required.
H05B 45/46 - Détails des circuits de charge à LED avec un contrôle actif à l'intérieur d'une matrice de LED les diodes étant disposées parallèlement
H05B 45/50 - Circuits pour faire fonctionner des diodes électroluminescentes [LED] réagissant aux dysfonctionnements des LED ou à un comportement indésirable des LEDCircuits pour faire fonctionner des diodes électroluminescentes [LED] sensibles à la vie des LEDCircuits de protection
H05B 45/3725 - Alimentation du circuit à découpage [SMPS]
87.
METHOD FOR RECOGNISING OBSTACLES AND FOR PREDICTING THE CHANGE OF POSITION OF KNOWN OBSTACLES BY MEANS OF SIGNALS FROM A PLURALITY OF SENSORS AND FOR COMPRESSING AND DECOMPRESSING SENSOR SIGNALS USED FOR THE ABOVE PURPOSES
The invention relates to a method for operating an ultrasonic sensor, the associated sensor, the transmission of data to a computer system, and the associated decompression method in the computer system which controls the ultrasonic sensor. The compression method comprises the steps of detecting an ultrasonic received signal of an ultrasonic transducer, providing a signal-free ultrasonic echo signal model (610), carrying out at least once and optionally repeating a number of times the following steps of subtracting a reconstructed ultrasonic echo signal model (610) from the ultrasonic received signal (1) and forming a residual signal (660), the step of carrying out a method for recognising signal objects in the residual signal (660), supplementing the ultrasonic echo signal model (610) by the parameterised signal curve of a recognised signal object (600 to 605); and also ending the repetition of these steps if the values of the residual signal are below the values of a predetermined threshold signal. This is followed by transmitting at least some of the recognised signal objects in the form of symbols for these recognised signal objects to the computer system and using at least some of the recognised signal objects therein. These are preferably reconstructed in the computer system to give a reconstructed ultrasonic echo signal model.
H03M 7/30 - CompressionExpansionÉlimination de données inutiles, p. ex. réduction de redondance
G06N 3/04 - Architecture, p. ex. topologie d'interconnexion
G01S 15/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes sonar avec des systèmes lidarCombinaisons de systèmes sonar avec des systèmes n'utilisant pas la réflexion des ondes
G01S 7/52 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe
G01S 7/539 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 13/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes radar avec des systèmes autres que radar, p. ex. sonar, chercheur de direction
G01S 7/41 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 17/66 - Systèmes de poursuite utilisant d'autres ondes électromagnétiques que les ondes radio
G01S 13/931 - Radar ou systèmes analogues, spécialement adaptés pour des applications spécifiques pour prévenir les collisions de véhicules terrestres
G01S 13/72 - Systèmes radar de poursuiteSystèmes analogues pour la poursuite en deux dimensions, p. ex. combinaison de la poursuite en angle et de celle en distance, radar de poursuite pendant l'exploration
Disclosed is a light module and a matching housing for a bus node. The light module is provided to be used in a data bus system for transmitting data for light-emitting components via a differential two-wire data bus. The data bus transmits data between a bus master and at least two bus nodes. The data bus is divided by the bus nodes into at least two two-wire data bus sections. The housing comprises at least two rows of connections arranged opposite each other. Each row comprises one negative supply voltage connection and one positive supply voltage connection, which are arranged to be connected in pairs without intersection. The two connections for each of the respective two-wire data bus sections are arranged between the connections for the supply voltages in each row. A light-emitting component is arranged in a recess of the housing.
G06F 13/42 - Protocole de transfert pour bus, p. ex. liaisonSynchronisation
F21S 4/20 - Dispositifs ou systèmes d'éclairage utilisant une guirlande ou une bande de sources lumineuses avec les sources lumineuses maintenues par ou à l'intérieur de supports allongés
H04L 12/403 - Réseaux à ligne bus avec commande centralisée, p. ex. interrogation
H05B 47/18 - Commande de la source lumineuse par télécommande via une transmission par bus de données
H05B 47/165 - Commande de la source lumineuse en suivant une séquence programmée pré-assignéeCommande logique [LC]
Disclosed is a method for transmitting data via a vehicle data bus from an ultrasonic system, which comprises at least one ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver, to a data processing device, wherein predetermined signal profile characteristics are extracted from the echo signal received by the at least one ultrasonic receiver of the ultrasonic system. Echo signal data, which represent signal profile characteristics extracted from the echo signal, is created. Said echo signal data is transmitted from the ultrasonic system via the vehicle data bus to the data processing device.
G01S 7/52 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe
G01S 7/00 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , ,
G01S 7/539 - Détails des systèmes correspondant aux groupes , , de systèmes selon le groupe utilisant l'analyse du signal d'écho pour la caractérisation de la cibleSignature de cibleSurface équivalente de cible
G01S 13/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes radar avec des systèmes autres que radar, p. ex. sonar, chercheur de direction
Data transmission method for a two-wire data bus from a transmitter having ports to a receiver having ports. The method comprises the steps of: detecting a first common-mode voltage swing on the ports and forming a first common-mode signal. Detecting a second common-mode voltage swing on the ports and forming a second common-mode signal. The transmitter sending data via the two-wire data bus. The receiver receiving the data. The voltage difference on the ports being compared with a lower and an upper reception threshold, wherein an output of an apparatus element assumes a first or second level on the basis of this comparison. Raising the differential send level if the absolute value of the first common-mode signal is greater than a first threshold value. Raising the upper reception threshold and/or lowering the lower reception threshold if the absolute value of the second common-mode signal is greater than a second threshold value. The method allows the transmission of a datum from the transmitter to the receiver. On the basis of the result of the comparison of the absolute value of the detected first common-mode signal with a first threshold value, the upper reception threshold is raised and/or the lower reception threshold is lowered whenever this absolute value of the first common-mode signal is greater than this first threshold value.
The disclosure relates to a watchdog for monitoring a processor. The watchdog sends messages to the processor which subsequently sends back its own status information and optionally the status information of system components and the test results thereof at predetermined times as answers to the watchdog. The watchdog comprises at least one result memory in the form of, e.g., a shift register in which the watchdog records the history of the answers and examines patterns in erroneous answers. The recording is generated by a trigger event which can be the reception of individual answers and/or the end of scheduled reception time periods. According to the patterns, signalizations are carried out on the processor and/or other system components, which optionally introduce measures and adapt their structure and/or the implemented programs and/or the priority of said implementations.
G06F 11/00 - Détection d'erreursCorrection d'erreursContrôle de fonctionnement
G06F 11/07 - Réaction à l'apparition d'un défaut, p. ex. tolérance de certains défauts
B60R 21/01 - Circuits électriques pour déclencher le fonctionnement des dispositions de sécurité en cas d'accident, ou d'accident imminent, de véhicule
In a method for generating a blocking moment in a standstill state of an electrically commutated electric motor having at least two windings, on which electric motor a possibly varying load moment acts from outside in the standstill state, first, a blocking current is supplied at a maximum value into a first winding. This blocking current is successively reduced to, possibly, a minimum value. From that moment the inductivity of the electric motor is controlled, namely by controlling the blocking current if the control deviation between the actual value and the set value of the inductivity exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Thereby, it is possible to control the blocking current in an adaptive manner insofar as, despite a varying load moment, the standstill state of the electric motor can be maintained by varying the blocking current.
B60L 7/26 - Systèmes de freins électrodynamiques pour véhicules, en général avec freinage additionnel mécanique ou électromagnétique commandant l'effet de freinage
B60L 50/16 - Propulsion électrique par source d'énergie intérieure au véhicule utilisant la puissance de propulsion fournie par des générateurs entraînés par le moteur, p. ex. des générateurs entraînés par des moteurs à combustion avec des dispositions pour une propulsion mécanique directe séparée,
H02P 6/185 - Dispositions de circuits pour détecter la position sans éléments séparés pour détecter la position utilisant la détection par inductance, p. ex. excitation par impulsion
H02P 3/08 - Dispositions pour l'arrêt ou le ralentissement de moteurs, génératrices électriques ou de convertisseurs dynamo-électriques pour arrêter ou ralentir individuellement un moteur dynamo-électrique ou un convertisseur dynamo-électrique pour arrêter ou ralentir un moteur à courant continu
H02P 6/28 - Dispositions pour la commande du courant
The disclosure relates to a light module and the matching housing for a bus node. The light module is provided to be used in a data bus system for transmitting data for light-emitting components via a differential two-wire data bus. The data bus transmits data between a bus master and at least two bus nodes. The data bus is divided by the bus nodes into at least two two-wire data bus sections. The housing comprises at least two rows of connections arranged opposite each other. Each row comprises one negative supply voltage connection and one positive supply voltage connection, which are arranged to be connected in pairs without intersection. The two connections for each of the respective two-wire data bus sections are arranged between the connections for the supply voltages in each row. A light-emitting component is arranged in a recess of the housing.
G06F 13/42 - Protocole de transfert pour bus, p. ex. liaisonSynchronisation
F21S 4/20 - Dispositifs ou systèmes d'éclairage utilisant une guirlande ou une bande de sources lumineuses avec les sources lumineuses maintenues par ou à l'intérieur de supports allongés
H04L 12/403 - Réseaux à ligne bus avec commande centralisée, p. ex. interrogation
H05B 47/18 - Commande de la source lumineuse par télécommande via une transmission par bus de données
94.
Method for detecting an obstacle by means of reflected ultrasonic waves
A method for detecting an obstacle utilizing reflected ultrasonic waves, comprises transmitting an ultrasonic burst transmission signal by an ultrasonic transmitter to a detection area to be observed and receiving an ultrasonic signal reflected by an obstacle in the detection area by an ultrasonic receiver as an ultrasonic reception signal. In the ultrasonic reception signal at least one echo is detected resulting from an obstacle. The echo section of the ultrasonic reception signal belonging to the echo is transformed from the time domain into the frequency domain. The frequency spectrum of the echo section is then examined for the presence of at least one of a plurality of predetermined spectral characteristics, wherein each spectral characteristic is representative of a predetermined obstacle type or a plurality of predetermined obstacle types. The echo section is allocated to a predetermined obstacle type based on the examination.
The disclosure relates to a method and an associated device for detecting uneven surfaces in vehicle environments. The method comprises emitting a first ultrasonic pulse or first ultrasonic burst and emitting a second ultrasonic pulse or second ultrasonic burst, and receiving a first reflection signal of the first ultrasonic pulse or a first reflection signal of the first ultrasonic burst and receiving a second reflection signal of the second ultrasonic pulse or a second reflection signal of the second ultrasonic burst. In the further course of the method, a comparison is made of the first reflection signal with the second reflection signal, and the presence of a surface unevenness in the vehicle's environment, or the presence of a surface curvature in the vehicle's environment, is determined.
B60W 40/02 - Calcul ou estimation des paramètres de fonctionnement pour les systèmes d'aide à la conduite de véhicules routiers qui ne sont pas liés à la commande d'un sous-ensemble particulier liés aux conditions ambiantes
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
(1) Integrated circuit chips for the use in components for automotive vehicles excluding computers; laser and light diodes, actuators, motion and thermal sensors, velocity and pressure sensors, sensors to measure length, distance, filling level, flow rate, weight, electromagnetic frequency, sound, pressure, acceleration, velocity, inertia, revolution speed, brightness, light entrance angle, tremors, gas, smoke, current, voltage, resistance, capacitance, induction, magnetic fields. (1) Assembly of semiconductors for use in cars for others; custom manufacture of electric and electronic components for use in cars for others.
(2) Research and development services for others relating to new products; design and development of electric, electronic and optoelectronic components and units, namely, electronic circuits and integrated circuits; rental of data processing programs; rental of computer software; software as a service (SaaS), namely providing temporary use of non-downloadable software for the testing, evaluation and simulation of the operation of electric, electronic and optoelectronic components and units, namely, electronic circuits and integrated circuits.
97.
Faulty load detection for multi-phase electric motor
An electric motor is electrically commutated with the aid of circuitry, in which the phase current experiences a zero crossing at certain time points per motor phase. Owing to the inductive load portion, the time of said zero crossing of a phase current occurs at different times to the time of the zero crossing that would arise with purely ohmic loads. Without a faulty load condition, the time of said zero crossing is within an expected value range (e.g., expected time window) which can be determined by the circuitry, the ambient conditions and by diverse motor parameters. During occurrence of the a high-side and/or low-side phase connection, it is determined whether and when the current through the switched-on high-side of low-side switch becomes greater or smaller than a predeterminable threshold wherein said time measurement can extend over one or more PWM cycles.
H02M 1/32 - Moyens pour protéger les convertisseurs autrement que par mise hors circuit automatique
H02P 29/024 - Détection d’un défaut, p. ex. court circuit, rotor bloqué, circuit ouvert ou perte de charge
G01R 19/165 - Indication de ce qu'un courant ou une tension est, soit supérieur ou inférieur à une valeur prédéterminée, soit à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur d'une plage de valeurs prédéterminée
98.
Faulty load detection for multi-phase electric motor
A method for obtaining an indication of a faulty load condition of a multi-phase electric motor includes: (a) starting, a time measurement unit, (b) measuring a recirculation time interval for as long as a current that continues to flow has a magnitude larger than a threshold value, (c) continuing, in case the recirculation time interval is not terminated during the switch-off interval, the time measurement at least in a next switch-off interval, (d) repeating, for additional switch-off intervals the steps (a), (b), and (c) for respective motor phases, (e) comparing (1) the measured recirculation time intervals for respective motor phases with each other and/or (2) for one motor phase in sequential succession with each other and/or (3) with the expectation value of the respective motor phase, and (f) determining, based on a deviation, the indication of the faulty load condition.
G01R 19/165 - Indication de ce qu'un courant ou une tension est, soit supérieur ou inférieur à une valeur prédéterminée, soit à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur d'une plage de valeurs prédéterminée
99.
Method and device for detecting the temperature of the vibrating element of an ultrasonic converter
G01K 11/22 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant la mesure d'effets acoustiques
G01K 11/26 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant la mesure d'effets acoustiques de fréquences de résonance
G10K 11/02 - Impédances acoustiques mécaniquesAdaptation d'impédance, p. ex. au moyen de pavillonsRésonateurs acoustiques
G01H 11/04 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores par détection des changements dans les propriétés électriques ou magnétiques par des moyens magnétiques, p. ex. la réluctance utilisant des dispositifs magnétostrictifs
G01K 7/20 - Mesure de la température basée sur l'utilisation d'éléments électriques ou magnétiques directement sensibles à la chaleur utilisant des éléments résistifs l'élément étant une résistance linéaire, p. ex. un thermomètre à résistance de platine dans un circuit spécialement adapté, p. ex. un circuit en pont
A61B 8/00 - Diagnostic utilisant des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores
G01K 7/34 - Mesure de la température basée sur l'utilisation d'éléments électriques ou magnétiques directement sensibles à la chaleur utilisant des éléments capacitifs
B06B 1/06 - Procédés ou appareils pour produire des vibrations mécaniques de fréquence infrasonore, sonore ou ultrasonore utilisant l'énergie électrique fonctionnant par effet piézo-électrique ou par électrostriction
A bus node is capable of performing a method, for the assigning of bus node addresses to bus nodes of a serial data bus. The method is performed with the aid of bus shunt resistors in the individual bus nodes of the data bus system in an assignment time period. After the assigning of bus node addresses to the bus nodes in the assignment time period, there follows an operating time period. For this purpose, the bus node comprises such a bus shunt resistor. The bus node is characterized by a bus shunt bypass switch which, prior to assigning a bus node address to the bus node in the assignment time period is opened and which after the assignment of bus node address to the bus node in the assignment time period is closed, and which is closed in the operating time period.
G06F 3/00 - Dispositions d'entrée pour le transfert de données destinées à être traitées sous une forme maniable par le calculateurDispositions de sortie pour le transfert de données de l'unité de traitement à l'unité de sortie, p. ex. dispositions d'interface
H04L 29/12 - Dispositions, appareils, circuits ou systèmes non couverts par un seul des groupes caractérisés par le terminal de données
G06F 13/42 - Protocole de transfert pour bus, p. ex. liaisonSynchronisation
G01R 1/20 - Modifications des éléments électriques fondamentaux en vue de leur utilisation dans des appareils de mesures électriquesCombinaisons structurelles de ces éléments avec ces appareils
