The present invention provides an artificial nipple multi-compatible system to which various types of artificial nipples can be applied. This artificial nipple multi-compatible system S comprises: a cap 3 provided with a circular hole 33 that has a first diameter Φ1 and that can be fitted to a wide-mouth nipple NL having the first diameter Φ1; and a donut-plate-shaped adjustment plate 4 that fits to the circular hole 33 of the cap 3, the adjustment plate 4 being provided with a circular hole 42 that has a second diameter Φ2 smaller than the first diameter Φ1 and that can be fitted to a narrow-mouth nipple NS having the second diameter Φ2 smaller than the first diameter Φ1. The adjustment plate 4 comprises a fitting part 42 fitted to the circular hole 33 of the cap 3, and a flange part 40 having a diameter larger than the first diameter Φ1, and the adjustment plate 4 latches to the circular hole 33 of the cap 3 from the inner side.
[Problem] To provide a friction material that can stably maintain a high coefficient of friction over the long term. [Solution] This friction material 10 is to frictionally engage a counterpart member 20. When the friction material 10 is abraded, a powder that has a weight ratio of 20%–90% and thickens oils/fats is released from the surface or the vicinity thereof and mixes with a high-viscosity oil/fat that is in the vicinity of the powder, impregnates the friction material 10, and has a kinematic viscosity of at least 3000 mm2/s at 40°C and at least 300 mm2/s at 100°C to form a high-viscosity film. The friction material 10 and the counterpart member 20 frictionally engage via the high-viscosity film, reducing abrasion of the friction material 10 and the counterpart member 20 and making it possible to stably maintain a high coefficient of friction over the long term.
[Problem] To provide a friction plate having lower drag torque without greatly reducing the total area of a friction material. [Solution] A friction material 32 is circumferentially affixed to an annular plate 34 of a friction plate 30, and comprises a plurality of groups 321, 322 that are configured from three or more piece-like friction materials 321a-321d, 322a-322d each having at least four sides and continuously provided in the circumferential direction. The radial dimension of the piece-like friction materials 321a-321d, 322a-322d are configured to form a level difference between the piece-shaped friction materials in the circumferential direction so that when the friction plate 30 is being rotated, a lubricating oil can be efficiently discharged to an outer circumferential side, the lubricating oil easily flows on a surface of the piece-like friction materials 321a-321d, 322a-322d from an oil groove between the piece-like friction materials 321a-321d, 322a-322d, and an effect is produced in which the friction plate 30 and a mating plate 16 are separated. Thus, it is possible to obtain a friction plate 30 having a lower drag torque without greatly reducing the total area of the friction material 32.
[Problem] To provide a drive device for vehicles which achieves both increased power for a motor and a size reduction for a drive device for electric vehicles, and which makes it possible to ensure a large in-vehicle space. [Solution] A drive device 100 for electric vehicles comprises: an axial gap motor 20 which has an annular rotor 24 and a stator 22; a speed reducer 30 in which a pinion gear 34 on a pinion shaft 32 that is linked to the rotor 24, that is positioned to the inner diameter side thereof, and that has axial center in the same direction as the rotor 24 meshes with a ring gear 36 that has a axial center orthogonal to that of the pinion gear 34; a differential case 42 which is linked to the ring gear 36 and which axially supports a differential pinion gear 44; and a differential gear 40 which has a pair of side gears 46 that mesh with the differential pinion gear 44. Thus, the radial direction of the axial gap motor 20 and the axial direction of the side gears 46 are parallel to the horizontal direction, and even if the opposing area of the rotor 24 and the stator 22 is increased to increase the power of the axial gap motor 20, the vertical dimension of the drive device 100 for electric vehicles does not increase. It is therefore possible to make the drive device 100 for electric vehicles compact, and ensure a large in-vehicle space.
B60K 1/00 - Agencement ou montage des ensembles de propulsion électriques
B60K 17/356 - Agencement ou montage des transmissions sur les véhicules pour entraînement simultané des roues avant et arrière, p. ex. véhicules à quatre roues motrices comportant un moteur à fluide ou électrique pour entraîner une ou plusieurs roues
The objective of the present invention is to provide a two-speed transmission with a small number of components, that can prevent a glitch. According to a two-speed transmission (100) of the present invention, in a first state of a ball cam mechanism, a first friction engagement mechanism (10) disposed between an unrotatably fixed case (50) and a hub (60) including a ring gear (36) is in a fastened state to unrotatably fix the ring gear (36), whereby torque from an input shaft (52) can be transmitted to an output shaft (62) as torque by revolution from a sun gear (32) to a pinion gear (34). In a second state, the first friction engagement mechanism (10) is in a released state to make the ring gear (36) run idle, and the pinion gear (34) rotates instead of revolving even when the input shaft (52) rotates, whereby the torque from the input shaft (52) is not transmitted to the output shaft (62). In a third state, a second friction engagement mechanism (20) is in a fastened state to fasten the ring gear (36) and a pinion carrier (35), permitting torque from the input shaft (52) to be transmitted to the output shaft (62) at constant velocity, whereby a ball cam mechanism (40) employing one rotating body (43) in a radial direction can shift the rotating speed of the output shaft (62) in two stages. Due to the second state as a neutral state being interposed between the first state and the third state, the number of components can be relatively reduced and a glitch can be easily prevented.
B60K 6/365 - Agencement ou montage de plusieurs moteurs primaires différents pour une propulsion réciproque ou commune, p. ex. systèmes de propulsion hybrides comportant des moteurs électriques et des moteurs à combustion interne les moteurs primaires étant constitués de moteurs électriques et de moteurs à combustion interne, p. ex. des VEH caractérisés par des appareils, des organes ou des moyens spécialement adaptés aux VEH caractérisés par les transmissions à engrenages les pignons étant animés d'un mouvement orbital
F16H 3/44 - Transmissions à engrenages pour transmettre un mouvement rotatif à rapport de vitesse variable ou pour inverser le mouvement rotatif utilisant des engrenages à mouvement orbital
[Problem] To provide a frictional engagement device that is compact, has a large transmission torque capacity, and is not prone to producing drag torque. [Solution] A frictional engagement device 10 in which, when a piston 22 is activated while differential rotation and torsional torque are occurring in a clutch drum 12 and an output shaft 62, a plate 36 and a friction plate 38 frictionally engage, rotation of a pilot clutch hub 32 causes a rolling body 42 to roll or slide over inclined surfaces 44, 46 of the pilot clutch hub 32 and the push cone 52 and causes the push cone 52 to move in an axial direction, and, due to frictional engagement by the cone clutch, torque of the clutch drum 12 is transmitted to the output shaft via the cone clutch 50. The push cone 52 and an outer cone 54 are biased by first and second separator springs 66, 56 in a direction away from frictional engagement by the cone clutch 50. Thus, the present invention is compact, has a large transmission torque capacity, and is not prone to producing drag torque.
F16D 43/26 - Embrayages automatiques à commande interne actionnés entièrement mécaniquement fonctionnant pour une position angulaire définie ou débrayant après un nombre défini de tours
F16D 27/115 - Embrayages actionnés magnétiquementLeur commande ou leurs circuits électriques avec un électro-aimant ne tournant pas avec un organe de l'embrayage, c.-à-d. sans bagues collectrices avec des organes d'embrayage mobiles selon l'axe avec des surfaces de friction plates, p. ex. des disques à plus de deux disques, p. ex. à lamelles multiples
Provided is a friction clutch which is compact, has a large capacity of transmission torque, and is less likely to generate a transmission torque. Since a friction clutch 10 transmits torque between a clutch drum 12 and a hub 16 by frictional engagement between the tapered surfaces of a pusher plate 20 and an end plate 22 and the tapered surfaces of an output cone 24, the capacity of transmission torque is large and the friction clutch 10 can be made relatively compact. When the clutch is released, hydraulic oil is supplied to a canceller chamber 34 to close a valve mechanism 40, the hydraulic oil is collected in the canceller chamber 34, and the hydraulic pressure thereof pushes a piston 18 and the pusher plate 20 connected thereto, so that a drag torque is less likely to be generated.
F16D 25/0632 - Embrayages actionnés par fluide dans lesquels le fluide actionne un piston incorporé dans l'embrayage l'embrayage comportant des surfaces de friction avec organes d'embrayage mobiles exclusivement selon l'axe avec des surfaces de friction coniques, p. ex. embrayages coniques
Provided is a friction clutch which is compact and has a large transmission torque capacity, with which a shock during engagement is small, and with which a drag torque is not readily generated. In a friction clutch 10, if a piston 32 is activated with a low hydraulic pressure, a pusher plate 16, a friction plate 26, and a driven plate 18 are caused to frictionally engage, and an elastic body 20 is compressed, and therefore shock during engagement is small. If the piston 32 is activated with a high hydraulic pressure, an input cone 15 and an output cone 24 frictionally engage, and therefore the transmission torque capacity can be increased, and the number of friction plates 26 and driven plates 18 can be reduced, thereby making the friction clutch compact. When the hydraulic pressure is released, the elastic body 20 that was compressed acts to separate the input cone 15 and the output cone 24, and therefore the input cone 15 and the output cone 24 can be prevented from becoming stuck, and the generation of drag torque can be suppressed.
F16D 25/0632 - Embrayages actionnés par fluide dans lesquels le fluide actionne un piston incorporé dans l'embrayage l'embrayage comportant des surfaces de friction avec organes d'embrayage mobiles exclusivement selon l'axe avec des surfaces de friction coniques, p. ex. embrayages coniques
F16D 25/0638 - Embrayages actionnés par fluide dans lesquels le fluide actionne un piston incorporé dans l'embrayage l'embrayage comportant des surfaces de friction avec organes d'embrayage mobiles exclusivement selon l'axe avec des surfaces de friction plates, p. ex. des disques avec plus de deux disques, p. ex. à lamelles multiples
This wave-shaped friction plate 10 comprises a wavy portion 14 in which a curved ridge portion 16 protruding in one direction in a circumferential cross section, a curved recess portion 18 protruding in another direction, and a linear flat portion 17 between the ridge portion 16 and the recess portion 18 are circumferentially continuously formed. The wave-shaped friction plate 10 is relatively easy to manufacture, and makes it possible to increase the curvature of the ridge portion 16 and the recess portion 18 and to reduce the amount of oil that remains between the ridge portion 16 or the recess portion 18 and a counterpart plate. Thus, a drag torque can be decreased.
F16D 25/0638 - Embrayages actionnés par fluide dans lesquels le fluide actionne un piston incorporé dans l'embrayage l'embrayage comportant des surfaces de friction avec organes d'embrayage mobiles exclusivement selon l'axe avec des surfaces de friction plates, p. ex. des disques avec plus de deux disques, p. ex. à lamelles multiples
[Problem] To provide a friction clutch, which is easily machined, and for which the rotations of an arm member and a drum can be synchronized and the axes of rotation can be kept concentric by controlling the inclinations thereof. [Solution] With a second piston 32 fitted into the internal diameter of an arm member 30 so that the inner circumferential surface 37a of the arm member 30 and the outer circumferential surface 37b of the second piston 32 are in contact and teeth 34 are fitted to notches 36a, the arm member 30 and the second piston 32 of a clutch 10 are attached as a result of the second piston 32 being retained by fixing parts 39. Protrusions 36b, which are provided on the arm member 30 at the center in the axial direction of the portion where a drum 20 and the arm member 30 overlap, are fitted to the outer circumferential surface of the drum 20. As a result, the clutch 10 limits the man-hours and extent of machining and is able to synchronize the rotations of the arm member 30 and the drum 20 to limit the inclinations thereof.
Problem—To provide a friction plate with reduced drag torque.
Solution—The friction plate is formed with oil grooves having the sectorial shapes spreading toward the inner circumference and the perimeter. The adjacent edges of the friction material segments are provided with the perimeter side vertex and the inner circumference side vertex respectively. The sectorial oil groove opening toward the perimeter side from the inner circumferential side vertexes can discharge a lube oil to the perimeter side efficiently by a centrifugal force. Also, owing to the sectorial oil groove opening toward the inner circumference side from the perimeter side vertexes, a lube oil can be made to run aground onto the friction material segments due to a centrifugal force, thus, reducing the drag torque markedly compared with the conventional plates.
To reduce eddy current loss in a supporting member of a rotor of an axial gap motor, and improve efficiency, the motor includes a rotor, and stators arranged opposite to the rotor. The rotor has a disc-shaped supporting member, having a plurality of mounting holes in each of which a permanent magnet segment is installed. In the stators, a plurality of field windings is arranged for generating a rotating magnetic field. The axial gap motor is provided with notches extending radially between each of the mounting holes of the supporting member in which a permanent magnet segment is fitted, and an outer peripheral edge of the supporting member.
H02K 1/02 - Détails du circuit magnétique caractérisés par le matériau magnétique
H02K 1/27 - Noyaux rotoriques à aimants permanents
H02K 21/24 - Moteurs synchrones à aimants permanentsGénératrices synchrones à aimants permanents avec des induits fixes et des aimants tournants avec des aimants disposés axialement en face des induits, p. ex. dynamos de bicyclette du type moyeu
H02K 16/04 - Machines avec un rotor et deux stators
In order to reduce the eddy current loss in the support member of the rotor of an axial gap motor and enhance the motor efficiency, an axial gap motor of the present invention comprises: a rotor (10) having a disk-shaped support member (12) attached with a plurality of permanent magnet segments (11); and a stator (20, 22) positioned facing the rotor (10) and having a plurality of field winding slots disposed thereon, said field winding slots being used for generating a rotating magnetic field. In the axial gap motor, the support member (12) of the rotor (10) is made of a non-conductive and thermosetting resin.
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY CORPORATION HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY (Japon)
Inventeur(s)
Takezaki Kenichi
Hino Wataru
Harada Koji
Takemoto Masatsugu
Ogasawara Satoshi
Abrégé
[Problem] To reduce eddy current loss in a support member for a rotor in an axial gap motor, and to increase motor efficiency. [Solution] This axial gap motor comprises: a rotor (10) having a disk-shaped support member (12) that has a plurality of permanent magnet segments (11) attached thereto; and stators (20, 22) positioned facing the rotor (10) and having a plurality of field winding slots for generating a rotating magnetic field arranged therein. The axial gap motor is provided with notched sections (18) having each of the plurality of permanent magnet segments (11) inlaid therein, and extending in the radial direction between attachment holes (16) of the support member (12) and the outer circumferential edge section (17) of the support member (12).
H02K 1/27 - Noyaux rotoriques à aimants permanents
H02K 1/22 - Parties tournantes du circuit magnétique
H02K 16/02 - Machines avec un stator et deux rotors
H02K 21/24 - Moteurs synchrones à aimants permanentsGénératrices synchrones à aimants permanents avec des induits fixes et des aimants tournants avec des aimants disposés axialement en face des induits, p. ex. dynamos de bicyclette du type moyeu
To control initial shudder in a wet paper friction plate, the frictional sliding surface of a wet paper friction member is preconditioned by frictional sliding contact with a mating plate until its bearing length ratio tp at a cutting depth of 10 μm is in the range from 70 to 85%. The preconditioning is optionally preceded by grinding, preferably before the wet paper friction member is attached to a base plate.
National University Corporation Hokkaido University (Japon)
Japan Science and Technology Agency (Japon)
Inventeur(s)
Fugetsu, Bunshi
Sunada, Masaki
Shibuya, Takao
Mukai, Kazuhito
Kimura, Mutsuko
Abrégé
A CNT-containing paper (16) can be produced by adding a CNT (12) in a mono-dispersed state and/or a dispersed state in an amount of 1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 40% by weight, relative to the total amount of solid materials during a papermaking process. The constituent fiber component of the CNT-containing paper (16) is a natural fiber, a synthetic fiber, an inorganic fiber, a metallic fiber or the like. A powdery substance such as diatom earth and active carbon may be added together with the CNT (12), whereby the flexibility or electrical conductivity of the CNT-containing paper (16) can be varied depending on the use application thereof.
12 - Véhicules; appareils de locomotion par terre, par air ou par eau; parties de véhicules
Produits et services
Power transmissions and gearing for machines (not for land vehicles), and brakes (machine elements not for land vehicles). Parts and fittings of automobiles.
12 - Véhicules; appareils de locomotion par terre, par air ou par eau; parties de véhicules
Produits et services
(1) Machine parts namely friction plates and reaction plates for clutch and brakes, vehicle parts namely friction plates and reaction plates for clutch and brakes, clutch pack assemblies, lock-up piston assemblies, and synchronizer rings.
12 - Véhicules; appareils de locomotion par terre, par air ou par eau; parties de véhicules
Produits et services
(1) Machine parts namely friction plates and reaction plates for clutch and brakes, vehicle parts namely friction plates and reaction plates for clutch and brakes, clutch pack assemblies, lock-up piston assemblies, and synchronizer rings.
Machine parts; friction plates and reaction plates for clutches and brakes, clutch pack assemblies, lock-up piston assemblies and synchronizer rings, all for machinery.
