Abrégé

The control arm assembly includes a control arm body that has at least one opening which extends along a horizontally extending axis. A bushing assembly is received in the at least one opening of the control arm body. The bushing assembly includes at least one ring that is made of an elastomeric material and that has an inner surface which defines an inner bore that extends along an axis between opposite open ends. A tube extends through the inner bore of the at least one elastomeric ring. At least one liner made of a low friction fabric material is fixedly attached with the inner surface for allowing free rotation of the tube relative to the at least one ring.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60G 9/02 - Suspensions élastiques d’un essieu rigide ou d’un carter d’essieux pour plusieurs roues l'essieu ou le carter étant montés à pivot sur le véhicule
• B60G 7/00 - Bras de suspension articulésLeurs accessoires

Abrégé

A ball joint for interconnecting relatively movable components includes a housing and a stud with a spherical bearing surface disposed in the housing. The bearing has a concave spherical bearing surface which is brought into sliding abutment with the spherical. bearing surface of the stud. The bearing is of a monolithic piece of fiber-reinforced polyoxyinethylene material and includes carbon fibers which extend circumferentially about the concave spherical bearing surface.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16C 11/06 - Articulations à rotuleAutres articulations ayant plus d'un degré de liberté angulaire, c.-à-d. joints universels
• F16C 33/20 - Surface de glissement principalement constituée de matériaux plastiques
• F16C 43/02 - Assemblage des éléments de paliers à contact glissant

Abrégé

The socket assembly includes a housing with an inner bore which extends between open first and second ends. A ball stud is partially disposed within the inner bore of the housing and includes shank, ball and protrusion portions with the shank portion extending out of the housing through the first end. A first bearing is disposed in the inner bore and includes a passage. The protrusion portion of the ball stud extends into the passage, and the passage is shaped to cooperate with the protrusion portion to allow the ball stud to rotate relative to said housing in one rotational direction by a greater magnitude than in another rotational direction. A cover plate closes the second open end of the housing, and a spring is disposed between the cover plate and the first bearing and biases the first bearing into contact with the ball portion of the ball stud.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16C 11/06 - Articulations à rotuleAutres articulations ayant plus d'un degré de liberté angulaire, c.-à-d. joints universels
• B62D 7/16 - Disposition relative des articulations de la timonerie

Abrégé

An extruded insulator for a spark plug that is made in a manner that minimizes pores, relics and/or other defects in the insulator microstructure so that the overall dielectric strength or performance of the insulator is improved. The extruded insulator avoids many of the drawbacks associated with such defects, but also has a stepped internal bore for receiving a center electrode. In one embodiment, the extruded insulator is made with a method that uses a multi-phase extrusion process to extrude a ceramic paste around an elongated arbor and form an extruded section, and then removes the arbor from the extruded section to reveal a stepped internal bore.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/34 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par le montage des électrodes dans l'isolant, p. ex. par enrobage
• H01T 13/38 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour l'isolement
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

A spark plug has a firing pad attached to a center electrode or to a ground electrode. The firing pad is attached via laser welding and has a sparking surface with an overall fused area and an unfused area. In one or more embodiments, the overall fused area is located in part or more inboard of a peripheral edge of the firing pad.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

The sway bar linkage connects a sway bar with a control arm of a vehicle suspension system. The linkage includes a fastener and a plurality of bushings disposed between the fastener and the sway bar and between the fastener and the control arm. At least one of the bushings is constructed as a single piece of material, presents an outer surface, presents an inner bore which extends along an axis for receiving the fastener, and presents a plurality of pockets. The pockets are spaced radially between the inner bore and the outer surface for allowing the bushing to more easily deflect and absorb energy while transferring forces between the sway bar, fastener and control arm.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60G 21/055 - Barres stabilisatrices
• F16F 1/374 - Ressorts en matière plastique, p. ex. en caoutchoucRessorts faits d'un matériau à friction intérieure élevée caractérisés par une forme particulière ayant une forme sphérique ou similaire
• F16F 1/387 - Ressorts en matière plastique, p. ex. en caoutchoucRessorts faits d'un matériau à friction intérieure élevée avec manchon de matériau élastique entre un manchon extérieur rigide et un étui intérieur rigide ou une broche comprenant des moyens pour modifier la rigidité dans certaines directions

Abrégé

The invention provides a system and method for controlling corona discharge and arc formations during a single corona event, i.e. intra-event control. A driver circuit provides energy to the corona igniter and detects any arc formation. In response to each arc formation, the energy provided to the corona igniter is shut off for short time. The driver circuit also obtains information about the arc formations, such as timing of the first arc formation and number of occurrences. A control unit then adjusts the energy provided to the corona igniter after the shut off time and during the same corona event based on the information about the arc formations. For example, the voltage level could be reduced or the shut-off time could be increased to limit arc formations and increase the size of the corona discharge during the same corona event.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 9/00 - Commande de l'allumage par étincelle électrique, non prévue ailleurs
• F02P 19/02 - Allumage par incandescence, p. ex. au démarrage des moteurs à combustion interneCombinaison d'allumage par incandescence et par étincelle électrique, p. ex. schéma de montage des circuits d'appareils comportant des bougies à incandescence
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• F02B 5/02 - Mode de fonctionnement

Abrégé

A spark plug and a method of manufacturing the same, where the spark plug has a metal shell, an insulator, a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a gasket located over a threaded portion of the shell and used to seal the spark plug against a cylinder head. Once the gasket is attached on the spark plug, it is shrunk to become a post-formed gasket with an inner diameter that prevents the post-formed gasket from slipping over a threaded portion of the metallic shell. This process may be carried out with a collet type machine that produces a post-formed gasket that is flat and has a substantially uniform thickness, which can improve the sealability of the gasket. This may be important when the spark plug is installed in a cylinder head made from a lost foam casting process or other process that creates a somewhat porous sealing surface.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/00 - Bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/08 - Montage, fixation ou étanchéité de bougies d'allumage, p. ex. dans les chambres à combustion
• H01T 21/00 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage
• F02P 13/00 - Bougies structurellement combinées avec d'autres parties de moteurs à combustion interne

Abrégé

3), and zinc oxide (ZnO); the binder can include sodium bentonite or magnesium aluminum silicate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and dextrin; the expansion agent can include lithium carbonate; and the electrically conductive particles can include copper. The finished glass seal includes the glass in a total amount of 50.0 to 90.0 weight (wt. %), and electrically conductive metal particles in an amount of 10.0 to 50.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the glass seal.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• C03C 3/066 - Compositions pour la fabrication du verre contenant de la silice avec moins de 40% en poids de silice contenant du bore contenant du zinc
• C03C 8/24 - Compositions de scellement par fusion, constituées de frittes vitreuses contenant des additifs, utilisées pour le scellement de matériaux différents, p. ex. verre et métalVerre de scellement
• C03C 8/18 - Mélanges de frittes vitreuses contenant des additifs, p. ex. des agents opacifiants, des colorants, des agents de broyage contenant des métaux libres
• H01B 1/16 - Matériau conducteur dispersé dans un matériau inorganique non conducteur le matériau conducteur comportant des métaux ou des alliages
• H01T 13/34 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par le montage des électrodes dans l'isolant, p. ex. par enrobage
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle
• H01T 21/00 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

The movable joint assembly includes a housing which extends along an axis and has an outer surface and an open interior. A ball stud is partially disposed in the open interior and projects out of the housing. A flexible and elastic boot is sealed against the outer surface of the housing and against the ball stud. A metal insert is at least partially embedded within the boot adjacent an end of the boot for resisting pull out of the boot from the housing. The boot includes a lip which is at least partially spaced axially from the insert and extends radially inwardly and is in an interference fit engagement with the outer surface of the housing for establishing a fluid tight seal of the housing and for maintaining the fluid tight seal in response to injection of a lubricant into the open interior of the housing.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16C 11/06 - Articulations à rotuleAutres articulations ayant plus d'un degré de liberté angulaire, c.-à-d. joints universels

Abrégé

The invention provides a system and method for controlling corona discharge. A driver circuit provides energy to the corona igniter and detects any arc formation. Optionally, in response to each arc formation, the energy provided to the corona igniter is shut off for a short time to dissipate the arc. Once the arc dissipates, the energy is applied again to restore the corona discharge. The driver circuit obtains information relating to the corona discharge, such as timing and number of arc formations. A control unit adjusts the energy provided to the corona igniter, shut-off time, or the duration of the corona event based on the information. The adjusted energy levels and duration are applied during subsequent corona events. For example, the voltage level could be reduced or the shutoff time could be increased to limit arc formations and increase the size of the corona discharge during the subsequent corona events.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 3/02 - Autres systèmes d'allumage par étincelle électrique caractérisés par le type de production ou de stockage de l'énergie nécessaire comportant un stockage de l'énergie par induction, p. ex. aménagement des bobines d'induction
• F02P 9/00 - Commande de l'allumage par étincelle électrique, non prévue ailleurs
• F02P 19/02 - Allumage par incandescence, p. ex. au démarrage des moteurs à combustion interneCombinaison d'allumage par incandescence et par étincelle électrique, p. ex. schéma de montage des circuits d'appareils comportant des bougies à incandescence
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• F02B 5/02 - Mode de fonctionnement

Abrégé

The ball socket assembly includes a housing with an open interior which extends along an axis. A bearing is disposed in the open interior of the housing and has a curved primary contact surface which surrounds the axis and surrounds a stud ball opening. A stud ball is disposed in the opening and is in sliding contact with the primary contact surface for allowing rotation of the stud ball relative to the bearing. The stud ball has an equator and is in sliding contact with the bearing on both sides of the equator. A stud is operably connected with the stud ball. A shoe is further provided and has a pair of supplemental contact surfaces that are biased against the stud ball. The shoe provides the stud with a predetermined rotational torque and also adjusts for wear in the assembly to maintain the performance of the socket assembly.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16C 11/00 - PivotsLiaisons pivotantes
• F16C 11/06 - Articulations à rotuleAutres articulations ayant plus d'un degré de liberté angulaire, c.-à-d. joints universels
• B23P 15/00 - Fabrication d'objets déterminés par des opérations non couvertes par une seule autre sous-classe ou un groupe de la présente sous-classe

Abrégé

The ball joint assembly includes a housing with an open interior and which extends from a closed end to an open end. A stud ball with a ball portion is disposed in the open interior of the housing. A first bearing is also disposed in the open interior and includes first and second contact surfaces which are spaced from one another by a gap. The contact surfaces are in sliding contact with the ball portion of the ball stud, and the first contact surface is semi-spherically curved with a generally constant diameter while the second contact surface is generally cylindrical in shape. A second bearing is disposed in the open interior of the housing and has a third contact surface which is in sliding contact with the ball portion of the stud ball and is biased against the ball portion.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16C 11/06 - Articulations à rotuleAutres articulations ayant plus d'un degré de liberté angulaire, c.-à-d. joints universels

Abrégé

3), and zinc oxide (ZnO); the binder can include sodium bentonite or magnesium aluminum silicate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and dextrin; the expansion agent can include lithium carbonate; and the electrically conductive particles can include copper. The finished glass seal includes the glass in a total amount of 50.0 to 85.0 weight (wt. %), and electrically conductive metal particles in an amount of 15.0 to 50.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the glass seal.

Classes IPC  ?

• C03C 27/00 - Liaison de pièces de verre à des pièces en d'autres matériaux inorganiquesLiaison verre-verre par des procédés autres que la fusion
• H01B 1/16 - Matériau conducteur dispersé dans un matériau inorganique non conducteur le matériau conducteur comportant des métaux ou des alliages
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• H01T 21/00 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage
• C03C 8/18 - Mélanges de frittes vitreuses contenant des additifs, p. ex. des agents opacifiants, des colorants, des agents de broyage contenant des métaux libres
• H01T 13/34 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par le montage des électrodes dans l'isolant, p. ex. par enrobage
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

3), and zinc oxide (ZnO); the binder can include sodium bentonite or magnesium aluminum silicate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and dextrin; the expansion agent can include lithium carbonate; and the electrically conductive particles can include copper. The finished glass seal includes the glass in a total amount of 50.0 to 85.0 weight (wt. %), and electrically conductive metal particles in an amount of 15.0 to 50.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the glass seal.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/22 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement avec plusieurs électrodes enrobées dans l'isolant
• H01T 13/08 - Montage, fixation ou étanchéité de bougies d'allumage, p. ex. dans les chambres à combustion
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• C03C 3/066 - Compositions pour la fabrication du verre contenant de la silice avec moins de 40% en poids de silice contenant du bore contenant du zinc
• C03C 3/091 - Compositions pour la fabrication du verre contenant de la silice avec 40 à 90% en poids de silice contenant du bore contenant de l'aluminium
• C03C 4/14 - Compositions pour verres ayant des propriétés particulières pour verre électro-conducteur
• H01T 13/34 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par le montage des électrodes dans l'isolant, p. ex. par enrobage

Abrégé

A vehicle disc brake pad having a backing plate and a friction pad that includes a complex edge profile formed from a plurality of undulations on at least one side edge of the periphery. Each undulation includes a wave crest and a wave trough that extend toward and away from the periphery of the backing plate, respectively. The brake pad may provide improved thermal management and wear resistance, thereby improving the life span of the brake pad, particularly when used with heavier vehicles such as trucks, crossover vehicles, and sports utility vehicles.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16D 69/00 - Garnitures de frictionLeur fixationEmploi pour travailler ensemble de matériaux ou de surfaces de friction spécifiées
• F16D 65/092 - Bandes, sabots ou patinsPivots ou leurs organes de support pour freins à engagement axial, p. ex. freins à disques

Abrégé

ct) of 0.1184 to 0.1776 inches, and an aspect ratio of 4.736 to 7.104. The central firing tip (32) is electron beam welded to the central base (30) to provide a robust joint therebetween. The central electron beam weld (36) includes a mixture of re-crystallized iridium-based material and re-crystallized nickel-based material extending continuously along and over the entire welding interface. The spark plug (20) also includes a ground electrode (26) with a ground firing tip (38) electron beam welded to a ground base (42).

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes
• H01T 13/32 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par les particularités de l'électrode de masse
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

A corona discharge ignition system comprising a plurality of corona igniters is provided. The system includes a control and drive electronics unit for directing the energy from a power supply toward the corona igniters; and a single transformer disposed between the control and drive electronics unit and the plurality of corona igniters. A plurality of igniter switching units is connected to the control and drive electronics unit and each igniter switching unit is connected to a separate one of the corona igniters. Each igniter switching unit allows current to travel from the transformer to the one connected corona igniter when activated and prevents current from traveling from the transformer to the one connected corona igniter and from the one connected corona igniter toward the transformer when deactivated. Only one of the igniter switching units is activated at any given time during operation of the system.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 15/00 - Allumage par étincelle électrique ayant des caractéristiques non couvertes dans les groupes ou présentant un intérêt autre que celui visé par ces groupes
• F02P 7/00 - Aménagement des distributeurs, contacteurs, rupteurs ou capteurs de l'allumage par étincelle électrique
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• F02P 7/03 - Aménagement des distributeurs, contacteurs, rupteurs ou capteurs de l'allumage par étincelle électrique des distributeurs avec des moyens électriques
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• F02P 15/08 - Allumage par étincelle électrique ayant des caractéristiques non couvertes dans les groupes ou présentant un intérêt autre que celui visé par ces groupes à étincelles multiples, c.-à-d. allumage simultané en différents endroits d'un même cylindre ou dans plusieurs cylindres
• H01T 13/44 - Bougies d'allumage combinées structuralement avec d'autres dispositifs avec transformateurs, p. ex. pour allumage en haute fréquence

Abrégé

An igniter (20) includes an outer insulator (24) formed of an outer ceramic material hermetically sealed to a conductive core (26). The conductive core (26) is formed of a core ceramic material and a conductive component, such as an electrically conductive coating applied to the core ceramic material or metal particles or wires embedded in the core ceramic material. The conductive core (26) is typically sintered and disposed in the green outer insulator (24). The components are then sintered together such that the outer insulator (24) shrinks onto the conductive core (26) and the hermetic seal forms therebetween. The conductive core (26) fills the outer insulator (24), so that the conductive core (26) is disposed at an insulator nose end (34) of the outer insulator (24) and the electrical discharge (22) can be emitted from the conductive core (26), eliminating the need for a separate firing tip.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/52 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par la décharge le long d'une surface
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser

Abrégé

The ball joint assembly includes a housing and a bearing which has an inner surface that extends between open ends and which presents a bearing surface that surrounds a generally spherically-shaped cavity. A stud is provided which has an outer surface with a generally ball-shaped portion that has at least two curved surfaces and at least two recessed surfaces. The bearing has a passage with a slots that extend from one of the ends to the cavity. The ball-shaped portion of the stud is insertable into the cavity of the bearing by aligning the curved surfaces of the stud with the slots of the passage. The stud is rotatable while the ball-shaped portion of the stud is positioned within the cavity to establish slidable contact between the curved surfaces of the stud and the bearing surface of the bearing to allow pivoting of the stud relative to the bearing.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60G 7/00 - Bras de suspension articulésLeurs accessoires
• B60G 7/02 - Fixation des bras à la partie suspendue du véhicule
• F16C 11/06 - Articulations à rotuleAutres articulations ayant plus d'un degré de liberté angulaire, c.-à-d. joints universels
• F16C 23/04 - Paliers à contact lisse à autoréglage

Abrégé

The ball joint assembly includes a housing which extends along an axis and a bearing. The bearing has an opening that extends between opposite axial ends and presents a curved bearing surface. A stud with an inner bore is positioned in the bearing and has an outer surface which is in sliding contact with the bearing surface to allow the bearing and housing to rotate relative to the stud. The assembly further includes a fastener which is receivable within the inner bore for connecting the stud with a frame of a vehicle. The fastener includes an internal passage which extends from an end of the fastener to a side surface of the fastener, and the stud has a channel which extends from the inner bore to the outer surface for allowing lubrication of the ball joint assembly while the ball joint assembly is installed in the vehicle suspension system.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60G 7/00 - Bras de suspension articulésLeurs accessoires
• F16C 11/06 - Articulations à rotuleAutres articulations ayant plus d'un degré de liberté angulaire, c.-à-d. joints universels
• F16C 11/02 - TourillonsManetons
• F16C 33/10 - Structures relatives à la lubrification

Abrégé

A spark plug has a shell, an insulator, a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a firing pad. The firing pad is made of a precious metal material and is attached to the ground electrode. The firing pad has a side surface at a peripheral edge that can be flush or nearly flush with a free end surface of the ground electrode. This construction can help improve ignitability and flame kernel growth of the spark plug during a sparking event, and can provide better thermal management at the attached ground electrode and firing pad.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/32 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par les particularités de l'électrode de masse
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

A windscreen wiper device for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes a longitudinally extending wiper strip and at least one carrier element in engagement with the wiper strip for operatively supporting and biasing the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration. A base is non-removably coupled to the at least one carrier element and has an opening that extends therethrough to provide access to the at least one carrier element through the base. A connection device is removably secured directly to the at least one carrier element through the opening of the base for attachment with a wiper arm.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60S 1/38 - Balais d'essuie-glaces
• B60S 1/40 - Assemblages entre les balais et les bras

Abrégé

The steering mechanism includes a center link which extends between opposite longitudinal ends. Each end has a bore with threads which are spaced from the end by an unthreaded portion. A tie rod includes a bore with threads that are spaced form an end of the tie rod by an unthreaded portion. A length adjuster threadedly connects one of the longitudinal ends of the center link with the tie rod. The length adjuster includes threaded sections and an unthreaded middle section. The unthreaded middle section overlaps with the unthreaded portions of the center link and tie rod bores respectively. A first clamp is clamped around the overlapping unthreaded portion of the center link bore and the unthreaded middle section of the length adjuster, and a second clamp is clamped around the overlapping unthreaded portion of the tie rod bore and the unthreaded middle section of the length adjuster.

Classes IPC  ?

• B62D 7/16 - Disposition relative des articulations de la timonerie
• F16C 7/06 - Bielles réglables
• B62D 7/20 - Barres de timonerie, p. ex. barres d'accouplement
• F16B 39/02 - Blocage des vis, boulons ou écrous dans lequel le verrouillage s'effectue après vissage

Abrégé

A corona ignition system for maintaining a drive frequency approximately equal to the resonant frequency of a corona igniter is provided. The system includes a current sensor, at least two cascaded timers which are electrically independent of a controller, and at least two switches. During operation, the current sensor measures the current at an input of the corona igniter. A conditioned current signal including information related to the zero crossings of the current ultimately activates a pair of the timers which in turn control and drive one of the switches. The conditioned current signal is not processed by the controller before driving the switch.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• H01T 15/00 - Circuits spécialement adaptés aux éclateurs, p. ex. circuits d'allumage
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• G01M 15/02 - Détails ou accessoires pour appareils de test
• G01N 27/02 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance
• H02M 3/00 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu
• F02P 3/04 - Schéma de montage des circuits
• F02P 5/15 - Traitement numérique des données
• F02P 17/00 - Test des systèmes d'allumage, p. ex. en combinaison avec le réglageTest de synchronisme de l'allumage dans les moteurs à allumage par compression

Abrégé

A ceramic insulator for surrounding an electrode of an ignition device, such as a corona igniter or spark plug, is provided. The insulator is formed of a ceramic material including alumina in an amount of 28 to 38 wt. %, silica in an amount of 57 to 67 wt. %, and calcium oxide in an amount of 3 to 7 wt. %, based on the total weight of the ceramic material. The ceramic insulator is typically formed by firing a mixture of Kaolin, calcium carbonate, and silica, wherein the calcium carbonate acts as a flux during firing. The ceramic material has a relative permittivity of about 5.5 to 6.5 and thus improves the electrical efficiency of the ignition device. The ceramic material is also capable of withstanding temperatures of 900 to 1000° C. and has excellent thermal shock resistance, making it suitable for use in internal combustion engines.

Classes IPC  ?

• C04B 35/195 - Aluminosilicates de métaux alcalino-terreux, p. ex. cordiérite
• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/38 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour l'isolement

Abrégé

A spark plug (20) for igniting a mixture of fuel and air of an internal combustion engine comprises a center electrode (22) and a ground electrode (24). At least one of the electrodes (22, 24) includes a body portion (28, 30) formed of thermally conductive material and a firing tip (32, 34) disposed on the body portion (28, 30). The firing tip (32, 34) includes a ceramic material, providing an exposed firing surface (36, 38). The ceramic material is an electrically conductive, monolithic ceramic material. The ceramic material of the firing tip (32, 34) includes at least one perovskite structure and/or at least one a spinel structure.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

1) being at least 0.004 inches. The corona igniter (20) also includes shell inner surfaces (104) and insulator outer surfaces (75) facing one another being free of sharp edges (40).

Classes IPC  ?

• H01S 4/00 - Dispositifs utilisant l’émission stimulée de rayonnement électromagnétique dans des gammes d’ondes autres que celles couvertes par les groupes , ou , p. ex. masers à phonon, lasers à rayons X ou lasers gamma
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/06 - Capuchons faisant partie de la bougie et la protégeant contre les perturbations environnantes
• H01T 13/52 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par la décharge le long d'une surface
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona

Abrégé

A windscreen wiper device is provided. The wiper device includes an elongate wiping element made of an elastic material and a support member which operably supports the wiping element. The wiper device further includes an adapter made of one piece for securely and releasably engaging an oscillating wiper arm. The adapter includes a pair of laterally spaced sidewalls that extend longitudinally from a front end to a back end. The adapter further includes a cantilever beam which is positioned between the side walls and extends longitudinally towards the back end. The cantilever beam is pivotal in a vertical direction at a hinge and has a stepped configuration which presents three longitudinally and vertically spaced protrusions which project vertically downwardly for engaging in correspondingly shaped holes in at least three of 9×3, 9×4×23, 9×4×28 and 9×4×33 sized hook-style wiper arms.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60S 1/40 - Assemblages entre les balais et les bras

Abrégé

A corona igniter (20) comprises a central electrode (22) surrounded by an insulator (24), which is surrounded by a metal shell (26). A ceramic combustion seal (30) is disposed along the gap (32) between a shell lower end shell (52) and the insulator nose region (48) to provide a hermetic seal therebetween. The ceramic combustion seal (30) is typically a bushing, cylinder, or ring formed of sintered alumina. A glass material or glass/ceramic mixture (60) typically adheres the ceramic combustion seal (30) to the shell (26) and the insulator (24). Alternatively, the ceramic combustion seal (30) is brazed to the shell (26), and the glass material or glass/ceramic mixture (60) adheres the ceramic combustion seal (30) to the insulator (24).

Classes IPC  ?

• F23Q 3/00 - Allumage à étincelles produites électriquement
• H01T 19/04 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona munis d'électrodes pointues
• H01T 21/00 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/36 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par la jonction entre isolement et corps, p. ex. avec du ciment
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

A spark plug having a metal shell, an insulator, a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a multi-layer sparking component. The multi-layer sparking component is attached at a firing end of the ground electrode and includes a thin precious metal layer formed overtop a base metal layer and, according to some embodiments, overhangs the end of the ground electrode. The precious metal and base metal layers may be pre-manufactured together as a bi-metal ribbon, sheet or laminate before the multi-layer sparking component is attached to the ground electrode.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/32 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par les particularités de l'électrode de masse
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

A corona igniter comprises an electrode with a central extended member extending along a central axis and a crown extending radially outwardly from the central extended member. The central extended member has an extended length and the crown has a crown length. The extended length is greater than the crown length such that the extended member approaches a piston more closely than the crown. In addition, the firing tips of the crown each present a first spherical radius which is less than a second spherical radius of the central extended member. Thus, if arcing occurs, it forms from the central extended member, rather than from the crown. Accordingly, the firing tips of the crown experience less wear and remain sharp. In addition, due to the sizes of the spherical radii, corona discharge is more likely to form from the firing tips than from the central extended member.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• H01T 19/04 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona munis d'électrodes pointues
• H01T 19/02 - Anneaux anticorona
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 21/00 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/46 - Bougies d'allumage à plusieurs éclateurs

Abrégé

A spark plug has a metal shell, an insulator, a center electrode, and a ground electrode. One or more firing tips can be attached to the center electrode, to the ground electrode, or to both electrodes. The metal shell and ground electrode are attached together by way of one or more laser keyhole welds at an interface of the shell and electrode. Before the laser keyhole welds, resistance welding can be executed for a temporary attachment.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/32 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par les particularités de l'électrode de masse
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

A corona discharge (24) ignition includes an electrode (38) emitting a radio frequency electric field and providing a corona discharge (24) to ignite a combustible mixture. The system includes a controlled high voltage energy supply (52) providing energy to a main energy storage (28) at a first main voltage. A fixed high voltage energy supply (54) provides extra energy to an extra energy storage (26) at a second extra voltage, which is greater than the first main voltage. While the corona discharge (24) is being provided, the energy of the main energy storage (28), but not the extra energy storage (26), is provided to the electrode (38). When the corona discharge (24) switches to arc discharge, the extra energy of the extra energy storage (26) is provided to the corona igniter (22) to enhance the arc discharge and provide reliable ignition until the corona discharge (24) is restored.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• F02P 15/10 - Allumage par étincelle électrique ayant des caractéristiques non couvertes dans les groupes ou présentant un intérêt autre que celui visé par ces groupes à étincelles électriques continues
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle

Abrégé

A capacitive discharge welding method is used to join firing tips, such as those made from various precious metals, to spark plug electrodes. In one embodiment, charged capacitors or other energy storage devices coupled to welding electrodes quickly release stored energy so that a peak weld power and maximum interface temperature is quickly established, followed by a rapid decline in weld power and interface temperature. The resulting capacitive discharge weld joint may include solidified molten material from both the firing tip and the electrode and possess a number of other desirable qualities.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• B23K 11/00 - Soudage par résistanceSectionnement par chauffage par résistance

Abrégé

A spark plug has a shell, an insulator, a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a firing pad. The firing pad is made of a precious metal material and is attached to the ground electrode. The firing pad has a side surface at a peripheral edge that can be flush or nearly flush with a free end surface of the ground electrode. This construction can help improve ignitability and flame kernel growth of the spark plug during a sparking event, and can provide better thermal management at the attached ground electrode and firing pad.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/32 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par les particularités de l'électrode de masse
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

The invention provides a system and method for controlling corona discharge. A driver circuit provides energy to the corona igniter and detects any arc formation. Optionally, in response to each arc formation, the energy provided to the corona igniter is shut off for a short time to dissipate the arc. Once the arc dissipates, the energy is applied again to restore the corona discharge. The driver circuit obtains information relating to the corona discharge, such as timing and number of arc formations. A control unit adjusts the energy provided to the corona igniter, shut-off time, or the duration of the corona event based on the information. The adjusted energy levels and duration are applied during subsequent corona events. For example, the voltage level could be reduced or the shutoff time could be increased to limit arc formations and increase the size of the corona discharge during the subsequent corona events.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/00 - Autres systèmes d'allumage
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• F02P 19/02 - Allumage par incandescence, p. ex. au démarrage des moteurs à combustion interneCombinaison d'allumage par incandescence et par étincelle électrique, p. ex. schéma de montage des circuits d'appareils comportant des bougies à incandescence
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser

Abrégé

The invention provides a system and method for controlling corona discharge and arc formations during a single corona event, i.e. intra-event control. A driver circuit provides energy to the corona igniter and detects any arc formation. In response to each arc formation, the energy provided to the corona igniter is shut off for short time. The driver circuit also obtains information about the arc formations, such as timing of the first arc formation and number of occurrences. A control unit then adjusts the energy provided to the corona igniter after the shut off time and during the same corona event based on the information about the arc formations. For example, the voltage level could be reduced or the shut-off time could be increased to limit arc formations and increase the size of the corona discharge during the same corona event.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/00 - Autres systèmes d'allumage
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• F02P 19/02 - Allumage par incandescence, p. ex. au démarrage des moteurs à combustion interneCombinaison d'allumage par incandescence et par étincelle électrique, p. ex. schéma de montage des circuits d'appareils comportant des bougies à incandescence
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser

Abrégé

A spark plug has a firing pad attached to a center electrode or a ground electrode by way of a fused portion. In one or more embodiments, the firing pad is composed of a precious metal material. The fused portion can be formed in such a way that a material composition thereof at a sparking surface of the firing pad has a greater percentage of the precious metal material than a material of the underlying electrode to which the firing pad is attached.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes
• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• B23K 26/36 - Enlèvement de matière

Abrégé

A spark plug has a firing pad attached to a center electrode or to a ground electrode. The firing pad is attached via laser welding and has a sparking surface with an overall fused area and an unfused area. In one or more embodiments, the overall fused area is located in part or more inboard of a peripheral edge of the firing pad.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

An electrode material for use with spark plugs and other ignition devices. The electrode material is a two-phase composite material that includes a matrix component and a dispersed component embedded in the matrix component. In a preferred embodiment, the matrix component is a precious-metal based material and the dispersed component includes a material that exhibits a high melting point and a low work function such as, for example, carbides, nitrides, and/or intermetallics. A process for forming the electrode material into a spark plug electrode is also provided.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

A method of making an electrode material for use in spark plugs and other ignition devices including industrial plugs, aviation igniters, glow plugs, or any other device that is used to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an engine. The electrode material is a ruthenium-based material that includes ruthenium as the single largest constituent. The disclosed method includes hot-forming a layered structure that includes a ruthenium-based material core, an interlayer having a refractory metal disposed over the ruthenium-based material core, and a nickel-based cladding disposed over the interlayer.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

i) increases toward the electrode firing end (40).

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle
• H01T 19/04 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona munis d'électrodes pointues
• H01T 19/02 - Anneaux anticorona

Abrégé

A spark plug includes a metallic shell, an insulator, a center electrode, a ground electrode, and a thin firing pad. The thin firing pad is made from a noble metal and can be attached to the center electrode, the ground electrode, or to both. In some examples, the thin firing pad possesses certain geometric properties and relationships that can improve ignitability and durability of the thin firing pad.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

A method of making an electrode material for use in a spark plug and other ignition devices including industrial plugs, aviation igniters, glow plugs, or any other device that is used to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an engine. The electrode material is a ruthenium-based material that includes a “fibrous” grain structure. The disclosed method includes hot-forming a ruthenium-based material into an elongated wire that includes the “fibrous” grain structure while intermittently annealing the ruthenium-based material as needed. The intermittent annealing is performed at a temperature that maintains the “fibrous” grain structure.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

An electrode material that may be used in spark plugs and other ignition devices including industrial plugs, aviation igniters, glow plugs, or any other device that is used to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an engine. In one embodiment, the electrode material is a ruthenium-based material that includes ruthenium (Ru) as the single largest constituent on a wt % basis, and at least one of rhenium (Re) or tungsten (W). The electrode material may further include one or more precious metals and/or rare earth metals. The electrode material may be used to form the center electrode, the ground electrode, firing tips, or other firing tip components.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

A power amplifier circuit that has an inductor and capacitor connected to one end of the output winding of an RF transformer. The other end of the output winding is connected to a current sensor that in turn is connected to ground. The transformer has two primary windings. Both primary windings have one end connected to a voltage supply. The other end of each primary winding is attached to a switch. All three windings are wound around a core. Current flowing from the DC voltage supply to the switches causes a magnetic flux in the core. A voltage is generated on the secondary winding current sensor by the current that flows through the igniter. This voltage is fed back to the switches, controlling on and off timing. Voltage is provided to the igniter or pulled from the igniter when the current traveling into or from the igniter is at zero.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 3/04 - Schéma de montage des circuits
• H03F 3/45 - Amplificateurs différentiels
• F23Q 3/00 - Allumage à étincelles produites électriquement
• F02P 9/00 - Commande de l'allumage par étincelle électrique, non prévue ailleurs
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle
• F02P 3/01 - Allumage par étincelle électrique sans stockage ultérieur d'énergie, c.-à-d. l'énergie étant fournie par un oscillateur électrique
• F02P 17/00 - Test des systèmes d'allumage, p. ex. en combinaison avec le réglageTest de synchronisme de l'allumage dans les moteurs à allumage par compression

Abrégé

A windscreen wiper device, or a wiper blade assembly, for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The wiper blade assembly includes a wiper strip that extends in a longitudinal direction and at least one carrier element in engagement with the wiper strip for supporting and biasing the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration. An at least two piece connecting device is coupled to the at least one carrier element. One piece of the connecting device is a main piece that has a bearing surface shaped, and the other piece is a door piece that is pivotable between an open position for allowing attachment and detachment between the connecting device and the wiper arm and a closed position for securing the wiper arm into engagement with the wiper blade assembly. The door piece is pivotably coupled to the main piece about an axis that extends in a longitudinal direction.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60S 1/40 - Assemblages entre les balais et les bras
• B60S 1/38 - Balais d'essuie-glaces

Abrégé

A windscreen wiper device for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes a wiper strip extending in a longitudinal direction between opposite wiper strip ends, and the wiper strip is of a flexible material such as rubber for sealing against the windshield. At least one carrier element is disposed in the grooves and extends in a longitudinal direction between opposite carrier element ends. The windscreen wiper device further includes a frame structure including a plurality of claws in sliding engagement with the carrier element or elements and wherein the frame structure extends longitudinally past the ends of the wiper strip and the carrier element or elements. The frame structure includes a pair of flange portions that restrict the movement of the carrier element and the wiper strip relative to the frame structure.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60S 1/40 - Assemblages entre les balais et les bras
• B60S 1/32 - Essuie-glaces ou analogues, p. ex. grattoirs caractérisés par les particularités de construction des bras ou des balais d'essuie-glaces
• B60S 1/38 - Balais d'essuie-glaces

Abrégé

A windscreen wiper device for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes a longitudinally extending wiper strip and at least one carrier element in engagement with the wiper strip for operatively supporting and biasing the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration. A base is non-removably coupled to the at least one carrier element and has an opening that extends therethrough to provide access to the at least one carrier element through the base. A connection device is removably secured directly to the at least one carrier element through the opening of the base for attachment with a wiper arm.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60S 1/40 - Assemblages entre les balais et les bras
• B60S 1/38 - Balais d'essuie-glaces

Abrégé

A windscreen wiper device for cleaning a windshield of a vehicle is provided. The windscreen wiper device includes a wiper strip of a flexible material for sealing against the windshield to drive rain, snow, ice and other elements away therefrom. The windscreen wiper device also includes at least one carrier element extending between opposite and, at a minimum, downwardly curved end portions and in engagement with the wiper strip to bias it into a predetermined configuration. A frame structure includes a plurality of claws in engagement with the carrier elements between the end portions. The frame structure also includes a pair of end caps that are pivotably coupled to at least an adjacent portion of the frame structure and engage the end portions of the carrier elements.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60S 1/40 - Assemblages entre les balais et les bras
• B60S 1/38 - Balais d'essuie-glaces
• B60S 1/32 - Essuie-glaces ou analogues, p. ex. grattoirs caractérisés par les particularités de construction des bras ou des balais d'essuie-glaces

Abrégé

A method of making a windscreen wiper device is provided. The method includes the step of preparing a wiper strip and at least one carrier element in engagement with the wiper strip. The at least one carrier element extends in a longitudinal direction between opposite ends to bias the wiper strip into a predetermined configuration. The method proceeds with sliding a first component of a frame structure onto one of the ends of the at least one carrier element and sliding a second component of the frame structure onto one of the ends of the carrier element. The method continues with the step of coupling the first and second components of the frame structure with one another only after the first and second components are both slid into engagement with the at least one carrier element.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60S 1/40 - Assemblages entre les balais et les bras
• B60S 1/38 - Balais d'essuie-glaces
• B23P 11/00 - Assemblage ou désassemblage de pièces ou d'objets métalliques par des processus du travail du métal non prévus ailleurs
• B60S 1/32 - Essuie-glaces ou analogues, p. ex. grattoirs caractérisés par les particularités de construction des bras ou des balais d'essuie-glaces

Abrégé

ct) of 0.1184 to 0.1776 inches, and an aspect ratio of 4.736 to 7.104. The central firing tip (32) is electron beam welded to the central base (30) to provide a robust joint therebetween. The central electron beam weld (36) includes a mixture of re-crystallized iridium-based material and re-crystallized nickel-based material extending continuously along and over the entire welding interface. The spark plug (20) also includes a ground electrode (26) with a ground firing tip (38) electron beam welded to a ground base (42).

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

A method of making a spark plug electrode includes several steps. One step includes providing an inner core of a ruthenium (Ru) based alloy or an iridium (Ir) based alloy. Another step includes providing an outer skin over a portion or more of the inner core in order to produce a core and skin assembly. The outer skin can be made of platinum (Pt), gold (Au), silver (Ag), nickel (Ni), or an alloy of one of these. Yet another step includes increasing the temperature of the core and skin assembly. And another step includes hot forming the core and skin assembly at the increased temperature.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

i.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/00 - Autres systèmes d'allumage
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• H01T 13/16 - Moyens de dissipation de la chaleur
• H01T 13/46 - Bougies d'allumage à plusieurs éclateurs
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

A corona igniter 20 includes a central electrode 34 for receiving a high radio frequency voltage from a power source and emitting a radio frequency electric field to ionize a fuel-air mixture and provide a corona discharge 22. The corona igniter 20 includes an insulator 38 extending along the central electrode 34 longitudinally past the central electrode 34 to an insulator firing end 40. The insulator firing surface 42 and the center axis A present an angle α of not greater than 90 degrees therebetween, for example the insulator firing surface may be concave. The central electrode 34 may also include a firing tip 50, in which case the insulator firing surface 42 surrounds all sides of the firing tip 50. The geometry of the insulator firing surface 42 concentrates and directs the corona discharge 22.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona

Abrégé

A spark plug includes an electrode tip assembly located at an axially-facing free end surface of an electrode body. The electrode tip assembly includes an electrode tip body and a firing tip and has a longitudinal axis that is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the electrode body. The electrode tip body may be a Ni-alloy piece and is attached to the electrode body, and the firing tip may be an Ir-alloy piece with a sparking surface that faces a spark gap. The electrode body may include a groove formed in the axially-facing free end surface that is useful to help position the electrode tip assembly for attachment. The spark gap can be formed between opposing electrode tip assemblies, and the size of the spark gap can be adjusted during assembly without the need for bending the electrode body.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement

Abrégé

An electrode material for use with spark plugs and other ignition devices, where the electrode material includes ruthenium (Ru), plus one or more additional constituents like precious metals, refractory metals, active elements, metal oxides, or a combination thereof. In one example, the electrode material is a multi-phase material that has a matrix phase including ruthenium (Ru) and one or more precious metals, refractory metals and/or active elements, and a dispersed phase including a metal oxide. The metal oxide may be provided in particle form or fiber/whisker form, and is dispersed throughout the matrix phase. A powder metallurgy process for forming the electrode material into a spark plug electrode is also provided.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement

Abrégé

s enhances corona discharge 22 along the insulator 28 between the central electrode 24 and shell 30.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/00 - Autres systèmes d'allumage
• H01T 13/34 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par le montage des électrodes dans l'isolant, p. ex. par enrobage
• H01T 13/36 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par la jonction entre isolement et corps, p. ex. avec du ciment
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• H01T 13/52 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par la décharge le long d'une surface
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

A system and method for detecting arc formation in a corona discharge ignition system is provided. The system includes a driver circuit conveying energy oscillating at a resonant frequency; a corona igniter for receiving the energy and providing a corona discharge; and a frequency monitor for identifying a variation in an oscillation period of the resonant frequency, wherein the variation in the oscillation period indicates the onset of arc formation. The method includes supplying the energy to the driver circuit and to the corona igniter; obtaining the resonant frequency of the energy in the oscillating driver circuit; and identifying a variation in the oscillation period of the resonant frequency.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 27/04 - Mesure de résistances, de réactances, d'impédances réelles ou complexes, ou autres caractéristiques bipolaires qui en dérivent, p. ex. constante de temps dans des circuits comportant des constantes réparties
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• F02D 41/28 - Circuits d'interface
• F02P 17/12 - Test des caractéristiques de l'étincelle, de la tension ou du courant d'allumage

Abrégé

A system and method for controlling an arc formation in corona discharge ignition system is provided. The system includes a corona igniter for receiving energy at a voltage and providing a corona discharge. An energy supply providing the energy to the corona igniter at a voltage. The system also includes a corona controller for initiating a decrease in the voltage of the energy provided to the corona igniter in response to the onset of arc formation. The voltage is decreased until the arcing is depleted, and then the voltage is increased again to resume the corona discharge. Controlling the arc formation provides improved energy efficiency during operation of the corona discharge ignition system.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 15/00 - Circuits spécialement adaptés aux éclateurs, p. ex. circuits d'allumage

Abrégé

An electrode material may be used in spark plugs and other ignition devices including industrial plugs, aviation igniters, glow plugs, or any other device that is used to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an engine. In one embodiment, the electrode material has one or both of iridium (Ir) or ruthenium (Ru), and has rhenium (Re).

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement

Abrégé

2) and the cylinder block (32).

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 9/00 - Commande de l'allumage par étincelle électrique, non prévue ailleurs
• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser
• H01T 13/46 - Bougies d'allumage à plusieurs éclateurs
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

An electrode material that may be used in spark plugs and other ignition devices including industrial plugs, aviation igniters, glow plugs, or any other device that is used to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an engine. The electrode material is a metal composite and includes a particulate component embedded or dispersed within a matrix component such that the metal composite has a multi-phase microstructure. In one embodiment, the metal composite includes a matrix component that includes a precious metal and makes up about 2-80% wt of the overall composite and a particulate component that includes a ruthenium-based material and makes up about 20-98% wt of the overall composite.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/02 - Bougies d'allumage Détails
• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes
• H01J 9/02 - Fabrication des électrodes ou des systèmes d'électrodes

Abrégé

A corona igniter 20 includes an electrode gap 28 between the central electrode 22 and the insulator 32 and a shell gap 30 between the insulator 32 and the shell 36. An electrically conductive coating 40 is disposed on the insulator 32 along the gaps 28, 30 to prevent corona discharge 24 in the gaps 28, 30 and to concentrate the energy at a firing tip 58 of the central electrode 22. The electrically conductive coating 40 is disposed on an insulator inner surface 64 and is spaced radially from the electrode 22. The electrically conductive coating 40 is also disposed on the insulator outer surface 72 and is spaced radially from the shell 36. During operation of the igniter 20, the electrically conductive coating 40 provides a reduced voltage drop across the gaps 28, 30 and a reduced electric field spike at the gaps 28, 30.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/00 - Autres systèmes d'allumage
• H01T 13/34 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par le montage des électrodes dans l'isolant, p. ex. par enrobage
• H01T 13/36 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par la jonction entre isolement et corps, p. ex. avec du ciment
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle

Abrégé

A corona igniter (20) for emitting a radio frequency electric field and providing a corona discharge (24) includes a central electrode (22) at a positive voltage, a grounded metal shell (30), and an insulator (28) with an abruption (34) extending radially outward relative to the central electrode (22). The abruption (34) is typically an increase of at least 15% of a local thickness (t) of the insulator (28) over less than 25% of a nose length (el) of an insulator nose region (74). The abruption (34) is typically one flank (82) of a protrusion or a notch, and the flank (82) faces the shell (30). The abruption (34) reverses the electric field and voltage potential gradient along the insulator outer surface (32), repels charged ions away from the insulator (28), and thus prevents the formation of a conductive path between the central electrode (22) and the shell (22).

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/50 - Bougies d'allumage munies de moyens pour ioniser l'intervalle

Abrégé

A corona discharge (24) ignition includes an electrode (38) emitting a radio frequency electric field and providing a corona discharge (24) to ignite a combustible mixture. The system includes a controlled high voltage energy supply (52) providing energy to a main energy storage (28) at a main voltage. A fixed high voltage energy supply (54) provides extra energy to an extra energy storage (26) at an extra voltage, which is greater than the main voltage. While the corona discharge (24) is being provided, the energy of the main energy storage (28), but not the extra energy storage (26), is provided to the electrode (38). When the corona discharge (24) switches to arc discharge, the extra energy of the extra energy storage (26) is provided to the corona igniter (22) to enhance the arc discharge and provide reliable ignition until the corona discharge (24) is restored.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/04 - Autres moyens physiques d'allumage, p. ex. par laser

Abrégé

A friction stir tool has an axis of rotation and a welding tip that is made of powdered metal material.

Classes IPC  ?

• B23K 20/12 - Soudage non électrique par percussion ou par une autre forme de pression, avec ou sans chauffage, p. ex. revêtement ou placage la chaleur étant produite par frictionSoudage par friction

Abrégé

3 and may include at least one other precious metal. The electrode material may be used in a spark plug that includes a metallic shell having an axial bore, an insulator having an axial bore and at least partially disposed within the axial bore of the metallic shell, a center electrode at least partially disposed within the axial bore of the insulator, and a ground electrode attached to a free end of the metallic shell. The center electrode, the ground electrode or both may be formed at least in part from the electrode alloy.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

An ignitor assembly constructed in accordance with one aspect of the invention has an upper inductor subassembly coupled to a lower firing end subassembly for relative pivot movement between the subassemblies. The upper inductor subassembly includes a tubular housing with inductor windings received therein with an upper electrical connector adjacent an upper end of the housing and a lower electrical connector adjacent a lower end of the housing. The lower firing end subassembly includes a ceramic insulator and a metal housing surrounding at least a portion of the ceramic insulator. The ceramic insulator has an electrical terminal extending from a terminal end and an electrode extending from a firing end. A flexible tube couples the upper inductor subassembly to the lower firing end subassembly and maintains the electrical terminal of the lower firing end subassembly in electrical contact with the lower electrical connector of the upper at a pivot joint.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/00 - Autres systèmes d'allumage

Abrégé

An igniter (20) of a corona ignition system emits a non-thermal plasma in the form of a corona (30) to ionize and ignite a fuel mixture. The igniter (20) includes an electrode (32) and a ceramic insulator (22) surrounding the electrode (32). The insulator (22) surrounds a firing end (38) of the electrode (32) and blocks the electrode (32) from exposure to the combustion chamber (28). The insulator (22) presents a firing surface (56) exposed to the combustion chamber (28) and emitting the non-thermal plasma. A plurality of electrically conducting elements (24) are disposed in a matrix (26) of the ceramic material and along the firing surface (56) of the insulator (22), such as metal particles embedded in the ceramic material or holes in the ceramic material. The electrically conducting elements (24) reduce arc discharge during operation of the igniter (20) and thus improve the quality of ignition.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• H01T 13/22 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement avec plusieurs électrodes enrobées dans l'isolant
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona

Abrégé

A corona ignition system 20 includes a corona drive circuit 26 and an auxiliary energy circuit 28. The energy circuit 28 stores energy during a standard corona ignition cycle. When arc discharge occurs or corona discharge switches to an arc discharge, the energy circuit 28 discharges the stored energy to the electrode 30 to intentionally maintain a robust arc discharge 29 and thus provide reliable ignition. The stored energy is transmitted to the electrode 30 over a predetermined period of time. The arc discharge is detected and an arc control signal 60 is transmitted to the energy circuit 28, triggering discharge of the stored energy to the electrode 30. The stored energy can be transmitted to the electrode 30 along a variety of different paths. The voltage of the stored energy is typically increased by an energy transformer 70 before being transmitted to the electrode 30.

Classes IPC  ?

• F23Q 3/00 - Allumage à étincelles produites électriquement
• G03G 15/02 - Appareils pour procédés électrographiques utilisant un dessin de charge pour déposer une charge uniforme, p. ex. pour sensibiliserDispositifs pour la décharge corona
• F02P 3/05 - Schéma de montage des circuits pour la commande de l'intensité du courant dans la bobine d'induction

Abrégé

1) being at least 0.004 inches. The corona igniter (20) also includes shell inner surfaces (104) and insulator outer surfaces (75) facing one another being free of sharp edges (40).

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/02 - Bougies d'allumage Détails
• H01T 13/52 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par la décharge le long d'une surface
• H01T 13/06 - Capuchons faisant partie de la bougie et la protégeant contre les perturbations environnantes
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage

Abrégé

The cup receptacle has an annular outer wall configured to receive a cup and a light source operably attached to the cup receptacle. The outer wall of the cup receptacle is constructed of a light transmitting material that is uniformly illuminated by light emitted from the light source.

Classes IPC  ?

• F21V 7/10 - Structure

Abrégé

An igniter (20) emitting an electrical field including a plurality of streamers forming a corona includes a corona enhancing tip (52) at an electrode firing end (28). The corona enhancing tip (52) includes an emitting member (58) such as a wire, layer, or sintered mass, formed of a precious metal and disposed on a base member (54). The base member (54) is formed of a nickel alloy. The emitting member (58) has a lower electrical erosion rate and chemical corrosion rate than the base member (54). The emitting member (58) presents the smallest spherical radius of the corona enhancing tip (52) at the outermost radial point (56) to concentrate the electrical field emissions and provide a consistently strong electrical field strength over time.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 1/00 - Systèmes dont l'énergie est produite par magnéto ou dynamo sans stockage

Abrégé

A spark ignition device, metal shell, and methods of construction are provided. The spark ignition device has a ceramic insulator extending along a longitudinal axis and a metal shell. The metal shell extends along the longitudinal axis to a distal end. A center electrode is received in the ceramic insulator and extends along the longitudinal axis. A ground electrode has an attachment end fixed by a weld joint to the distal end of the shell and a free end extending from the distal end to provide a spark gap. The weld joint includes a resistance weld joint and a laser weld joint, which in combination inhibit material expulsion; provide a reliable, strong attachment of the ground electrode to the shell; provide an improved heat transfer path between the ground electrode and the shell, and facilitate repeatable and accurate positioning of the ground electrode to the shell.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/00 - Bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement
• B23K 26/00 - Travail par rayon laser, p. ex. soudage, découpage ou perçage
• H01T 21/02 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication ou l'entretien des éclateurs ou des bougies d'allumage de bougies d'allumage
• H01T 13/32 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement caractérisées par les particularités de l'électrode de masse

Abrégé

A replacement ball joint assembly (10) adapted to be pressed into a previously used and possibly distorted receiving hole (26) in a suspension component such as a control arm (28). A socket housing (12) of the assembly (10) includes a plurality of generally annular, concentric knurls (36) each having a respective crest portion (38) and separated one from another by intervening relief grooves (40). The crest portions (38) of the knurls (36) may be tapered so as to provide a lead-in feature to minimize misalignment during a press-in installation operation. The knurls (36) are preferably softer than the control arm material so that they yield during press-in rather than further disfiguring or enlarging the receiving hole (26). Displaced material from the crest portions (38) of the knurls (36) flows into the relief grooves (40).

Classes IPC  ?

• B62D 7/16 - Disposition relative des articulations de la timonerie
• F16C 11/06 - Articulations à rotuleAutres articulations ayant plus d'un degré de liberté angulaire, c.-à-d. joints universels
• B60G 7/00 - Bras de suspension articulésLeurs accessoires

Abrégé

A mold assembly for forming a piston and method of molding a piston therewith includes a pair of mold halves moveable toward and away from one another along a linear path that is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal central axis of the piston between an engaged position to provide at least a portion of a mold cavity for forming an outer periphery of the piston and a disengaged position to allow extraction of the piston from the mold cavity. The assembly also has a pair of cooling gallery mandrels moveable along a linear path into an engaged position between the pair of mold halves to form an undercut cooling gallery of the piston. The pair of cooling gallery mandrels are movable to a disengaged position to allow extraction of the piston vertically along the axis.

Classes IPC  ?

• B22D 33/04 - Équipement pour la manutention des moules pour rassembler ou séparer les moules

Abrégé

13).

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/39 - Emploi de matériaux particuliers pour les électrodes

Abrégé

3 protects the bulk of the sparking end from the extreme conditions of the combustion chamber and prevents erosion, corrosion, and balling.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement

Abrégé

A universal connector (100) is adapted to connect a wiper blade assembly (20, 102) with a variety of wiper arm ends (300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, 312, 314, 316). In order to connect side pin type wiper arm ends (302, 304, 306), the connector includes a pin hole (216) having a figure “8” shape defined by larger and smaller overlapping lobes (218, 220). A flexible tongue (222) carried by the connector (100) includes a pair of scalloped pawls (224, 226) aligned with the respective larger and smaller lobes (218, 220) so as to engage either a ¼″ or 3/16″ wiper arm side pin (302-306). In order to connect wiper arm ends having hook slots (310, 312, 314 316), the connector (100) includes a generally planar upper landing (204), a generally planar lower return (206), and a forward nose profile (208). Sides (210) include cantilevered extensions (212) projecting beyond the nose profile (208) and which carry a pair of 9×4 stops (214) set below the plane of the lower return (206) by a clearance gap. When assembling a 9×3 hook end (316), the 9×4 stop (214) is bypassed entirely due to the clearance gap. However, when a 9×4 hook arm (310, 312, 314) is used, the 9×4 stops (214) retain the hook arm (310, 312, 314) in position.

Classes IPC  ?

• B60S 1/02 - Nettoyage des pare-brise, fenêtres ou dispositifs optiques

Abrégé

A power amplifier circuit that has an inductor and capacitor connected to one end of the output winding of an RF transformer. The other end of the output winding is connected to a resistor that in turn is connected to ground. The transformer has two primary windings. Both primary windings have one end connected to a variable DC voltage supply. The other end of each primary winding is attached to a switch, such as a MOSFET. All three windings are wound around a core. Current flowing from the DC voltage supply to the switches causes a magnetic flux in the core. A voltage is generated on the secondary winding resistor. This voltage is fed back to the switches, controlling on and off timing. In this way the need to measure and record natural frequency is eliminated.

Classes IPC  ?

• F02P 23/00 - Autres systèmes d'allumage
• H01T 19/00 - Dispositifs prévus pour la décharge corona

Abrégé

A spark ignition device and method of construction is provided. The device includes a ceramic insulator and a metal shell surrounding at least a portion of the ceramic insulator. The metal shell extends along a central axis between an upper terminal end and a lower fastening end. The fastening end has a pair of projections diametrically opposite one another extending axially to free ends. A center electrode assembly is received at least in part in the ceramic insulator. In addition, the device includes an elongate ground electrode having opposite sides extending along a length of the ground electrode between opposite ends. The ground electrode has opposite faces with a sparking surface attached to one of the faces, wherein the face with the sparking surface attached thereto is sunk axially into the free ends of the projections with at least a portion of the opposite sides being surrounded by the projections.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/46 - Bougies d'allumage à plusieurs éclateurs
• H01J 9/00 - Appareils ou procédés spécialement adaptés à la fabrication de tubes à décharge électrique, de lampes à décharge électrique ou de leurs composantsRécupération de matériaux à partir de tubes ou de lampes à décharge

Abrégé

A pivot socket includes a housing with an inner surface providing a cavity extending between a substantially closed end and an open end. A cartridge bearing is received in the cavity with a spring disposed between the closed end and the cartridge bearing. The cartridge bearing has an inner surface with a cylindrical portion and conical portion converging inwardly from the cylindrical portion. The cylindrical portion houses a tapered bearing for relative axial movement therewith. A stud having opposite first and second tapered surfaces diverging away from one another is received in the cartridge bearing, with the first tapered surface engaging the tapered bearing for relative sliding movement therewith and the second tapered surface engaging the conical portion of the cartridge bearing for relative sliding movement therewith, thereby causing the relative axial movement between the tapered bearing and the cartridge bearing.

Classes IPC  ?

• F16D 1/12 - Accouplements pour établir une liaison rigide entre deux arbres coaxiaux ou d'autres éléments mobiles d'une machine permettant le réglage des pièces sur l'axe

Abrégé

This invention provides a corona discharge fuel igniter system and methods for igniting fuel in an internal combustion engine. A ceramic dielectric material is provided that significantly increases the efficiency of corona discharge to ignite the fuel in an internal combustion engine.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/54 - Bougies d'allumage avec des électrodes arrangées dans une chambre d'allumage partiellement close
• H01T 13/60 - Test des propriétés électriques

Abrégé

An extension-type spark plug includes an upper terminal stud and a lower terminal stud axially spaced from one another in electrical communication with one another. An upper tubular insulator having a through cavity surrounds at least a portion of the upper terminal stud. A lower insulator constructed of a separate piece of material from the upper insulator has a through cavity surrounding at least a portion of the lower terminal stud. A spring member is disposed between the upper terminal stud and the lower terminal stud and biases the upper terminal stud and the lower member away from one another. The spring member allows the upper terminal stud to move axially under an externally applied force sufficient to overcome the bias imparted by the spring member and maintains electrical communication between said upper terminal stud and said lower terminal stud.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement

Abrégé

A spark plug, a center electrode therefore and method of construction is provided. The spark plug has a generally annular ceramic insulator extending between a terminal end and a nose end. A conductive shell surrounds at least a portion of the ceramic insulator and a ground electrode having a ground electrode sparking surface is operatively attached to the shell. An elongate center electrode has a body extending between opposite ends, wherein the body is compacted and sintered of a conductive or semi-conductive ceramic material. One of the electrode ends provides a center electrode sparking surface to provide a spark gap between the center electrode sparking surface and the ground electrode sparking surface.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01T 13/20 - Bougies d'allumage caractérisées par les particularités des électrodes ou de l'isolement