Provided is a battery capacity estimation device capable of estimating battery capacity in consideration of the influence of a crack. Provided is a battery capacity estimation device for estimating the battery capacity of a secondary battery having a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, and an electrolyte. The battery capacity estimation device comprises: a deterioration state amount derivation unit (4) for deriving at least one of a deterioration state amount of the positive electrode active material due to a crack generated in the positive electrode active material as a result of a change in the volume of the positive electrode active material associated with charging and discharging of the secondary battery, and a deterioration state amount of an SEI coating film, formed on the surface of the negative electrode active material, due to a crack generated in the SEI coating film as a result of a change in the volume of the negative electrode active material associated with charging and discharging of the secondary battery; and a battery capacity estimation unit (5) for estimating the battery capacity after deterioration of the secondary battery on the basis of the deterioration state amount derived by the deterioration state amount derivation unit (4).
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
G01R 31/382 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
G01R 31/385 - Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
2.
COMPOSITION FOR FORMING ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL LAYER FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES
The present invention provides a composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries, the composition comprising an electrode active material and a carbon nanotube, wherein the content of the carbon nanotube is 0.01 to 1.4 mass % and the content of electrode constituent materials other than the electrode active material and the carbon nanotube is 0 to 10.0 mass %, based on the total amount of the composition taken as 100 mass %. This composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries is capable of producing a battery with extended life. After discharging the battery from a state of charge (SOC) of 100% to an SOC of 90% at 25° C. and 2.5 C, the discharging is paused for 10 minutes and an increase in voltage at pause is measured. The internal resistance is calculated according to the following formula (2):
The present invention provides a composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries, the composition comprising an electrode active material and a carbon nanotube, wherein the content of the carbon nanotube is 0.01 to 1.4 mass % and the content of electrode constituent materials other than the electrode active material and the carbon nanotube is 0 to 10.0 mass %, based on the total amount of the composition taken as 100 mass %. This composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries is capable of producing a battery with extended life. After discharging the battery from a state of charge (SOC) of 100% to an SOC of 90% at 25° C. and 2.5 C, the discharging is paused for 10 minutes and an increase in voltage at pause is measured. The internal resistance is calculated according to the following formula (2):
Internal
resistance
=
(
Increase
in
voltage
at
pause
(
V
)
/
Current
value
during
discharge
(
A
)
)
×
Facing
area
between
positive
electrode
and
negative
elecrtrode
(
cm
2
)
,
(
2
)
The present invention provides a composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries, the composition comprising an electrode active material and a carbon nanotube, wherein the content of the carbon nanotube is 0.01 to 1.4 mass % and the content of electrode constituent materials other than the electrode active material and the carbon nanotube is 0 to 10.0 mass %, based on the total amount of the composition taken as 100 mass %. This composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries is capable of producing a battery with extended life. After discharging the battery from a state of charge (SOC) of 100% to an SOC of 90% at 25° C. and 2.5 C, the discharging is paused for 10 minutes and an increase in voltage at pause is measured. The internal resistance is calculated according to the following formula (2):
Internal
resistance
=
(
Increase
in
voltage
at
pause
(
V
)
/
Current
value
during
discharge
(
A
)
)
×
Facing
area
between
positive
electrode
and
negative
elecrtrode
(
cm
2
)
,
(
2
)
whereby uneven reaction distribution in the battery, which causes a rapid decrease of the capacity (secondary deterioration), can be assessed.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
3.
Deterioration-State Prediction Method, Deterioration-State Prediction Apparatus, and Deterioration-State Prediction Program
A deterioration-state prediction method is for calculating a cause-based deterioration state 25 for each cause of deterioration and predicting a deterioration state 26 of a secondary battery 1 based on a plurality of the cause-based deterioration states 25. Each of the cause-based deterioration states 25 is calculated based on: a previous cause-based deterioration state 21, which is the cause-based deterioration state 25 at a time point a first time period ago; and a unit cause-based deterioration state indicating deterioration during the first time period, while considering; time dependence varying depending on the cause of deterioration and following a power law with respect to an elapsed time of the cause-based deterioration state 25; and a deterioration rate varying depending on the cause of deterioration and determined based on a use condition 22 at the time of prediction.
G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
G01R 31/36 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
G01R 31/3842 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
The method includes a preparation step of changing a current value or a voltage value of a power storage device; a first measurement step of obtaining a first internal resistance that is an internal resistance when a predetermined first period of time has elapsed from start of change in the current value or the voltage value in the preparation step; a second measurement step of obtaining a second internal resistance that is an internal resistance when a second period of time has elapsed from the start of change in the current value or the voltage value in the preparation step; a calculation step of calculating a resistance value difference by subtracting the first internal resistance from the second internal resistance; and a detection step of detecting generation of gas inside the power storage device based on the resistance value difference.
This electrode for a lithium-ion secondary battery electrode comprises an electrode current collector, an undercoat layer, and an electrode active material layer, wherein: the electrode active material layer contains at least an electrode active material and carbon nanotubes; defining the total amount of the electrode active material as 100 mass%, the contained amount of carbon nanotubes is 0.01–1.4 mass%, the contained amount of conductivity aids other than the carbon nanotubes is 0–10.0 mass%, and the contained amount of electrode constituent materials excluding the electrode active material, the carbon nanotubes, and the conductivity aids other than the carbon nanotubes is 0–2.0 mass%; and the undercoat layer contains at least carbon nanotubes. The electrode for the lithium-ion secondary battery has high strength even if the contained amount of a binder, a thickener, a dispersant, or the like is reduced.
This lithium-ion secondary battery electrode is provided with an electrode current collector, an undercoat layer, and an electrode active material layer, wherein: the electrode active material layer contains at least an electrode active material and carbon nanotubes; and, defining the total amount of the electrode active material as 100 mass%, the content of carbon nanotubes is 0.01-1.4 mass%, the content of conductivity aids other than the carbon nanotubes is 0-10.0 mass%, and the content of electrode constituent materials excluding the electrode active material, the carbon nanotubes, and the conductivity aids other than the carbon nanotubes is 0-2.0 mass%. The lithium-ion secondary battery electrode has high strength even if the content of a binder, thickener, dispersant, and the like, is reduced.
Provided is a lithium ion secondary battery which uses, as a positive electrode active material, a lithium-containing metal oxide which contains nickel in an amount of 70 atomic % to 100 atomic %, with the total amount of metals other than lithium at 100 atomic %, wherein if charging is performed so that the positive electrode usage, as the volume of lithium extracted from the positive electrode active material in an initial cycle, is 50% to 70%, with the total volume of lithium contained in the positive electrode at 100%, then the negative electrode usage as the capacity that is charged in the initial cycle is adjusted to be 80% to 95%, with the negative electrode capacity as the maximum charge amount that can be inserted into the negative electrode at 100%. Consequently, the lithium ion secondary battery has an extremely long service life in comparison to conventional lithium ion secondary batteries. In addition, even if the capacity of the battery has deteriorated, the battery capacity can be recovered.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
8.
COMPOSITION FOR FORMING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL LAYER FOR LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY
122 × D2122 represents the content (mass%) of a thickener and/or a dispersant; and D represents the average particle size (μm) of the negative electrode active material.)
The purpose of the present invention is to accurately determine, with a simple configuration, the suitability of a secondary battery (battery) according to the use thereof. A determination device according to the present invention, which determines a battery 1 suitable for a use 4 from among a plurality of batteries 1, is provided with: an information acquisition unit 12 for acquiring battery information 21 of the batteries 1; a degradation estimation unit 14 for estimating, for each of the batteries 1, cause-by-cause degradation information 6 indicating degradation statuses associated with individual degradation causes 7 from the battery information 21; a use input unit 15 for accepting the input of the use 4; and a determination unit 17 for determining the battery 1 suitable for the use 4 from among the plurality of batteries 1 on the basis of the estimated cause-by-cause degradation information 6 and the input use 4, in consideration of the degrees of influence of the individual degradation causes 7 on the use 4.
G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
10.
CHARGING CONTROL DEVICE, CHARGING CONTROL METHOD, AND CHARGING CONTROL PROGRAM
The purpose of the present invention is to easily suppress deterioration of battery performance during charging. This charging control device controls the charging of a secondary battery 1 which is performed by supplying power from a power supply 3. The charging control device comprises: a control unit 18 that controls the power supplied from the power supply 3; and a resistance acquisition unit 17 that obtains the internal resistance 5 of the secondary battery 1. The power supply 3 can supply power to the secondary battery 1 by changing a charging current 6. The control unit 18 performs suppression control of the power supply 3 so that the product of the charging current 6 and the internal resistance 5 is no more than a predetermined threshold 8.
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
The present invention relates to a solvent for dissolving aromatic polyamides, the solvent including a tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, water, and dimethylsulfoxide, wherein the concentration of the tetraalkylammonium hydroxide is within the range of 0.5-40 wt%, the concentration of water is within the range of 0.5-45 wt%, and the concentration of the dimethylsulfoxide is within the range of 15-98 wt%. The present invention makes it possible to dissolve aromatic polyamides at a temperature around room temperature in a short time without requiring special pretreatment or sulfuric acid.
An object is to precisely detect generation of gas in a power storage device with an easy practical method. The method includes: a preparation step of changing a current value or a voltage value of a power storage device 1; a first measurement step of obtaining a first internal resistance R1 that is an internal resistance when a predetermined first period of time has elapsed from start of change in the current value or the voltage value in the preparation step; a second measurement step of obtaining a second internal resistance R2 that is an internal resistance when a second period of time has elapsed from the start of change in the current value or the voltage value in the preparation step, the second period of time being longer than the first period of time by at least a predetermined period of time; a calculation step of calculating a resistance value difference RG by subtracting the first internal resistance R1 from the second internal resistance R2; and a detection step of detecting generation of gas inside the power storage device 1 based on the resistance value difference RG.
G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
13.
DETERIORATION-STATE PREDICTION METHOD, DETERIORATION-STATE PREDICTION APPARATUS, AND DETERIORATION-STATE PREDICTION PROGRAM
It is aimed to accurately predict a deterioration state of a secondary battery. A deterioration-state prediction method is for calculating a cause-based deterioration state 25 for each cause of deterioration and predicting a deterioration state 26 of a secondary battery 1 based on a plurality of the cause-based deterioration states 25. Each of the cause-based deterioration states 25 is calculated based on: a previous cause-based deterioration state 21, which is the cause-based deterioration state 25 at a time point a first time period ago; and a unit cause-based deterioration state indicating deterioration during the first time period, while considering: time dependence varying depending on the cause of deterioration and following a power law with respect to an elapsed time of the cause-based deterioration state 25; and a deterioration rate varying depending on the cause of deterioration and determined based on a use condition 22 at the time of prediction.
G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
The purpose of the present invention is to detect gas generation in a power storage device with an easy and practical technique and with high accuracy. The present invention comprises: a preparation step for changing a current value or a voltage value of a power storage device 1; a first measurement step for acquiring a first internal resistance R1 that is an internal resistance at the time at which a predetermined first time period has elapsed after the start of changing of the current value or the voltage value in the preparation step; a second measurement step for acquiring a second internal resistance R2 that is an internal resistance at the time at which a second time period, which is longer than the first time period by a predetermined time period or more, has elapsed after the start of changing of the current value or the voltage value in the preparation step; a calculation step for calculating a difference resistance value RG obtained by subtracting the first internal resistance R1 from the second internal resistance R2; and a detection step for detecting gas generation in the power storage device 1 on the basis of the difference resistance value RG.
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
15.
DEGRADATION STATE PREDICTION METHOD, DEGRADATION STATE PREDICTION DEVICE, AND DEGRADATION STATE PREDICTION PROGRAM
The purpose of the present invention is to predict, with good accuracy, a degradation state of a secondary battery. In a degradation state prediction method, a per-cause degradation state 25 is calculated for each cause of degradation, and a degradation state 26 of a secondary battery 1 is predicted on the basis of a plurality of per-cause degradation states 25. The per-cause degradation states 25 are each calculated on the basis of a preceding per-cause degradation state 21, which is a per-cause degradation state 25 that precedes by a discretionary first amount of time, and a unit per-cause degradation state of the degradation occurring in the duration of the first amount of time, such calculation taking into consideration time-dependency in accordance with a power-law which varies by degradation cause and is to be applied to the elapsed time of a per-cause degradation state 25, and a degradation speed that varies by degradation cause and is determined by usage conditions 22 at the time of prediction.
G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
16.
COMPOSITION FOR FORMING ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL LAYER FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES
The present invention provides a composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries, the composition containing an electrode active material and carbon nanotubes, wherein the content of the carbon nanotubes is 0.01 to 1.4% by mass and the content of electrode constituent materials other than the electrode active material and the carbon nanotubes is 0 to 10.0% by mass if the total amount of the composition is taken as 100% by mass. This composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries enables the production of a battery which has a longer service life. In addition, if a battery is discharged from an SOC of 100% to an SOC of 90% at 25°C and 2.5 C and the discharge is subsequently suspended for 10 minutes, uneven distribution of the reaction within the battery, the uneven distribution causing a rapid decrease (secondary deterioration) of the capacity, can be evaluated by measuring the increase of the voltage during the suspension period and calculating the internal resistance by formula (2). Formula (2): (Internal resistance) = ((Voltage increase (V) during suspension period)/(Current value (A) during discharge)) × (Facing area (cm2) of positive and negative electrodes)
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
17.
COMPOSITION FOR FORMING ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL LAYER FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES
The present invention provides a composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries, the composition containing an electrode active material and carbon nanotubes, wherein the content of the carbon nanotubes is 0.01 to 1.4% by mass and the content of electrode constituent materials other than the electrode active material and the carbon nanotubes is 0 to 10.0% by mass if the total amount of the composition is taken as 100% by mass. This composition for forming an electrode active material layer for lithium ion secondary batteries enables the production of a battery which has a longer service life. In addition, if a battery is discharged from an SOC of 100% to an SOC of 90% at 25°C and 2.5 C and the discharge is subsequently suspended for 10 minutes, uneven distribution of the reaction within the battery, the uneven distribution causing a rapid decrease (secondary deterioration) of the capacity, can be evaluated by measuring the increase of the voltage during the suspension period and calculating the internal resistance by formula (2). Formula (2): (Internal resistance) = ((Voltage increase (V) during suspension period)/(Current value (A) during discharge)) × (Facing area (cm2) of positive and negative electrodes)
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
18.
CARBON-MODIFIED BORON NITRIDE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND HIGHLY HEAT-CONDUCTIVE RESIN COMPOSITION
Provided is an energy-conserving carbon-modified boron nitride with good resin affinity having a sheet-like carbon layer on the particle surface. Also provided is a highly heat-conductive resin composition containing the carbon-modified boron nitride and a resin. This carbon-modified boron nitride has a sheet-like carbon layer on the boron nitride particle surface, a preferred sheet-like carbon layer being 1-20 layers of graphene oxide or 1-20 layers of reduced graphene oxide.
The present invention provides novel sulfuric acid esterification modified cellulose nanofibers. These cellulose nanofibers have an average fiber diameter of 1 nm to 500 nm; and the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose surfaces are modified by sulfuric acid esterification. The present invention also provides a method for producing cellulose nanofibers having high crystallinity and high aspect ratio and being in nano-size by means of an energy-saving chemical process that does not require physical pulverization and is carried out under mild conditions. The present invention also provides a method for producing modified cellulose nanofibers that are obtained by modifying the surfaces of these cellulose nanofibers by esterification or urethanization. The method for producing cellulose nanofibers according to the present invention comprises fibrillation of cellulose by having the cellulose impregnated with a fibrillation solution that contains dimethyl sulfoxide, at least one carboxylic acid anhydride selected from among acetic acid anhydride and propionic acid anhydride, and sulfuric acid.
Provided is a method for producing a cellulose fine fiber that has a nano size and high crystallinity and rarely undergoes the damage of a fiber shape, by impregnating cellulose with a formic acid-containing fiberizing solution and then fiberizing the cellulose, without requiring vigorous mechanical fragmentation of the cellulose. Also provided is a method for producing a surface-modified cellulose fine fiber in which the cellulose is modified. The method for producing a cellulose fine fiber according to the present invention involves impregnating cellulose with a fiberizing solution, i.e., formic acid, a formic acid-rich aqueous solution or a solution of formic acid or a formic acid-rich aqueous solution in an aprotic solvent having a number of donors of 26 or more and then fiberizing the cellulose. The method for producing a surface-modified cellulose fine fiber according to the present invention is characterized in that the fiberizing solution further contains a modification reaction agent and the method involves impregnating cellulose with the fiberizing solution and then modifying the microfibril surface of the cellulose while fiberizing the cellulose.
Provided is a method for producing fine cellulose fibers which are nano-sized, which have a high crystallinity degree, and which are less vulnerable to fiber shape damage, by impregnating cellulose with a defibrillation solution to defibrate the cellulose without mechanical pulverization, and modifying the cellulose. The fine cellulose fiber production method according to the present invention comprises a step for impregnating cellulose with a fibrillation solution that contains a carboxylic acid vinyl ester or an aldehyde and an aprotic solvent having a donor number of 26 or higher to defibrate the cellulose. This aldehyde is at least one selected from the group consisting of aldehydes represented by formula (1), paraformaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, perillaldehyde, vanillin, and glyoxal. R1―CHO (1) (Wherein, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1-16 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group.)
Cellulose is impregnated with a reactive spreading solution containing a catalyst that includes a base catalyst or an organic acid catalyst, a monobasic carboxylic acid anhydride, and an aprotic solvent having a donor number of 26 or higher; the cellulose is esterified and chemically spread; and modified cellulose fine fibers are produced. Through this method, modified cellulose fine fibers that are nanosized and that have a high degree of crystallization, little damage to the fiber shape, a high aspect ratio, and exceptional dispersibility in organic solvents are obtained easily and efficiently without forceful crushing. The catalyst may include pyridines. The monobasic carboxylic acid anhydride may be a C2-4 aliphatic monocarboxylic acid anhydride. The resulting modified cellulose fine fibers are modified by the monobasic carboxylic acid anhydride, have a degree of crystallization of 70% or higher, have an average fiber diameter of 20-800 nm, and have an average fiber length of 1-200 μm.
Provided is a betaine silicon compound or the like which exhibits the effect of hydrophilizating and defogging a surface. The present invention pertains to a betaine silicon compound represented by formula (1). {X13-m(CH3)mSi-R1-(Y1-R2)n}o-N+(R3)p(R4)q-Y2COO- (1) {In the formula: X1 represents a C1-5 alkoxy group or a halogen atom which may be identical to or different from one another; m represents 0 or 1; R1 represents a C1-5 alkylene group; Y1 represents -NHCOO-, -NHCONH-, -S-, or -SO2-; n represents 0 or 1; R2 represents a C1-10 alkylene group or -CH2CH2N+(CH3)(Y2COO-)CH2CH2OCH2CH2-; o represents 1, 2 or 3; R3 and R4 represent a C1-5 alkyl group which may be identical to or different from one another; Y2 represents -CH2- or the like; p and q represent 0 or 1; and o+p+q equals 3.}
C09D 183/00 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon onlyCoating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
C09D 201/02 - Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups
A predoping technique considered as highly practicable is an electrochemical method in which predoping is performed by assembling a battery such that an active material (electrode) and lithium are brought into direct contact with each other or short-circuited therebetween via an electric circuit, and by filling an electrolytic solution in the battery. However, in this case, much time is required, and there are problems such as the handling and the thickness accuracy of an extremely thin lithium metal foil that is not greater than 30 μm thick. By mixing a lithium-dopable material and lithium metal together in the presence of a solvent, such problems can be solved.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a polysaccharide nanofiber dispersion at a low cost in a simpler manner. A method for producing a polysaccharide nanofiber dispersion is employed, which comprises: a step of swelling and/or partially dissolving a polysaccharide contained in a polysaccharide-containing raw material using a solution containing a tetraalkylammonium acetate represented by formula (1) and an aprotic polar solvent; and a step of separating the swollen and/or partially dissolved polysaccharide. In the formula, R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represent an alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solvent that can uniformly and rapidly dissolve a polysaccharide independent of the crystal form of the polysaccharide, a method for manufacturing a molded article and a method for manufacturing a polysaccharide derivative using this solvent. The solvent contains tetraalkylammonium acetate represented by the following formula and an aprotic polar solvent, where the content ratio of aprotic polar solvent is 35 wt% or higher; [Formula 1] where R1, R2, R3, and R4 each independently represent alkyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
A predoping technology that is thought of as highly practical is an electrochemical method for carrying out predoping by assembling a battery such that an active material (electrode) and lithium are brought into direct contact or are shorted via an electrical circuit, and infusing an electrolyte. However, such cases require much time, and there are problems with precision in the thickness of ultrathin lithium metal foils of 30 µm or less and handling. These problems can be resolved by mixing a lithium-dopable material and lithium metal in the presence of a solvent.
Although anisotropic rare earth bonded magnets have superior magnetic properties to isotropic bonded magnets, there are currently issues with temperature properties, corrosion resistance, and magnet costs, and mass production is not widespread. Meanwhile, although methods are available for recycling sintered magnet scrap, such as dissolving and alloying scrap to obtain magnet alloys, and using oxide reduction, separation of SmCo and Nd magnets is unavoidable, and scrap must first be returned to a rare earth oxide state. A low-cost, highly-efficient recycling method has currently not been found. The present invention proposes a novel anisotropic rare earth bonded and a production method therefor that utilize this sintered magnet scrap to produce magnets that are superior to commercially-available isotropic bonded magnets, and that are easy on the environment due to energy saving and resource conservation. Anisotropic rare earth bonded magnets are produced by means of crushing, strain relief annealing heat treatment, kneading, and magnetic field forming.
H01F 1/08 - Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials thereforSelection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 3/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sinteringApparatus specially adapted therefor
H01F 1/053 - Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
H01F 41/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
H01F 41/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets
Disclosed is a modified metal oxide sol that has a large hydrophilizing effect and charge prevention effect, can be produced at low cost and is capable of being a coating. Specifically disclosed is a modified metal oxide sol characterized by modification by a functional group represented by formula (1) at 0.55 - 5.5 mmol per 1 g of metal oxide sol. MOS(=0)2-R1-Si(CH3)n(-O-)3-n (1) {In the formula, M is a hydrogen ion, C1-4 alkyl group, metal ion or ammonium (NR24) group; R1 is a C1-10 alkylene group (may have urethane bonds or urea bonds in the main alkylene chain); R2 may be the same or different and is a C1-5 alkyl group or a hydrogen atom; and n represents 0 or 1.}
C09D 183/08 - Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
C09D 185/00 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbonCoating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
Disclosed is a polymerizable compound which can be obtained by a simpler process. The polymerizable compound is represented by formula (1) or (2). [Rf-{R1-X0-(CO)t-R2-}q]mX1-R3-Z (1) Rf-R1-X2-CO(NH)r-R3-Z (2) In the formulae, Rf represents a polyfluoroalkyl which may contain an ether bond; R1 represents a direct bond, an alkylene or an arylene; R2 represents a direct bond, an alkylene or an arylene; R3 represents a direct bond, a urethane bond, an alkylene which may contain a urea bond or an arylene; X0 and X2 each represents a direct bond or a group represented by -O-, -S- or -NH-; X1 represents a direct bond or a group represented by -S-, -SO2-, -O-, -NH- or ᡶN-; Z represents a polymerizable group selected from trialkoxysilyl, monomethyldialkoxysilyl, trihalogenosilyl, (meth)acryloxy, (meth)acryloylamino, vinyl or 1-methylvinyl; q, t and r each represents 0 or 1; and m represents 1 or 2.
C07C 43/176 - Unsaturated ethers containing halogen containing six-membered aromatic rings having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings
C07C 271/16 - Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of hydrocarbon radicals substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
C07C 317/18 - SulfonesSulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
C07C 317/22 - SulfonesSulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
C07C 323/12 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
C07C 323/20 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atom of at least one of the thio groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton with singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
C07C 323/41 - Y being a hydrogen or an acyclic carbon atom
C07C 323/52 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
C07F 7/18 - Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
C08G 77/24 - Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen halogen-containing groups
C09K 3/18 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surface to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water theretoThawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
31.
SEPARATION MODULE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SEPARATION MODULE
A nanocluster structure which has excellent water vapor stability and is capable of the separation/purification of various reaction products, such as high-efficiency high-temperature hydrogen separation; and a separation module employing the structure. The separation module has a network structure having permeable holes and constituted of 4- to 6-membered oxygen rings derived from a silica-based crystalline material. It is preferable that 8- to 12-membered oxygen rings derived from the silica-based crystalline material be impermeable. Also provided is a process for separation module production which comprises: a step in which a silica-based crystalline material is dissolved in an acid or alkali solution to obtain cut pieces having permeable holes and comprising 4- to 6-membered oxygen rings derived from the silica-based crystalline material; and a step in which the cut pieces having permeable holes are applied two or more times to a support to thereby stack these cut pieces having permeable holes.
B82B 1/00 - Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
B82B 3/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C01B 33/46 - Amorphous silicates, e.g. so-called "amorphous zeolites"
32.
FUNCTIONAL FILLER AND RESIN COMPOSITION CONTAINING SAME
Disclosed is a functional filler which is excellent in dispersibility or interaction in a polylactic acid as the matrix polymer and enables to improve heat resistance, moldability and mechanical strength of the polylactic acid. Also disclosed is a resin composition containing such a functional filler. The functional filler is characterized in that it is composed of a raw material filler and a polylactic acid and the surface or ends of the raw material filler are modified with the polylactic acid.
patents
