PISTON STEAM ENGINE COMPRISING A HYDROGEN BOOST DEVICE, COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANT COMPRISING SAID PISTON STEAM ENGINE, COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE PISTON STEAM ENGINE, AND CONTROLLER FOR CONTROLLING THE PISTON STEAM ENGINE
The invention relates to a piston steam engine (1) having: at least one cylinder (10) which encloses a working chamber (15), a piston which can be moved back and forth in the working chamber (15) between a top dead center and a bottom dead center along a central axis of the cylinder, a steam chamber (76) for providing fresh steam, and an inlet valve (26) for controlling and/or regulating a fluid flow of the provided fresh steam, which functions as a working fluid of the piston steam engine, wherein the working chamber (15) is circumferentially enclosed by a working chamber wall (14) which is inserted into the cylinder (10) or is formed by same. The piston steam engine also has a hydrogen supply device (345) which is designed to introduce a specified quantity of hydrogen or a hydrogen-oxygen mixture into the working fluid and/or the residual steam of the piston steam engine in such a way that during the movement of the piston (30) from the top dead center (OT) to the bottom dead center (UT) or shortly before reaching the top dead center (OT), an explosive mixture, in particular a hydrogen-oxygen mixture, is provided, the (controlled) ignition of which can be used to increase the power output of the piston steam engine. The invention also relates to a combined heat and power plant comprising the steam engine (1), to a computer-implemented method for controlling and/or regulating a piston steam engine, to a computer program, and to a computer-readable storage medium.
F01K 3/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels caractérisés par l'emploi d'accumulateurs de vapeur ou de chaleur ou bien de réchauffeurs intermédiaires de vapeur
F01K 7/36 - Ensembles fonctionnels de machines à vapeur caractérisés par l'emploi de types particuliers de machines motricesEnsembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par un circuit de vapeur, un cycle de fonctionnement ou des phases particuliersDispositifs de commande spécialement adaptés à ces systèmes, cycles ou phasesUtilisation de la vapeur soutirée ou de la vapeur d'évacuation pour le réchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation les machines motrices étant du type à soutirage ou sans condensationUtilisation de la vapeur pour le réchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation les machines motrices étant du type à déplacement positif
F01K 25/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par l'emploi de fluides énergétiques particuliers non prévus ailleursEnsembles fonctionnant selon un cycle fermé, non prévus ailleurs
F02B 43/10 - Moteurs ou ensembles fonctionnels caractérisés par l'utilisation d'autres gaz spécifiques, p. ex. l'acétylène, le gaz oxhydrique
F02B 51/06 - Autres modes de fonctionnement des moteurs comportant un traitement préliminaire de l'air comburant, du combustible ou du mélange d'air et de combustible ou comportant addition de substances à cet air, à ce combustible ou à ce mélange comportant des rayons ou des ondes sonores
The present disclosure relates to a steam engine comprising a cylinder (10), a reciprocating piston (12) which is movably guided in the cylinder (10) between an upper dead center and a lower dead center, a working chamber (18) in the cylinder (10), said working chamber being limited by the reciprocating piston (12), a steam chamber (76) for providing live steam, an intake valve (26) with a valve opening (28) which connects the steam chamber (76) and the working chamber (18), a valve seat (30) which surrounds the valve opening (28), a movable valve element (32) which interacts with the valve seat (30) in order to close and release the valve opening (28), and a valve controller (42) for moving the valve element (32), wherein the valve controller (42) has a control cylinder (44) and a control piston (46) which interacts with the valve element (32) and divides the control cylinder (44) into a pneumatic chamber (48) and a hydraulic chamber (50), wherein the hydraulic chamber (50) can be supplied with hydraulic fluid in order to lift the valve element (32) from the valve seat (30) and release the valve opening (28).
The invention relates to a steam generator (1) which comprises a housing (2) with an inlet (6) and an outlet (7); a first heat exchange element (3) which is arranged in the housing (2) and through which a heat exchange fluid, preferably flue gas, can flow in a first flow direction (A) from the inlet (6) to the outlet (7); a second heat exchange element (4) which is arranged in the housing (2) and through which water can flow in order to generate steam; and a salt bath for absorbing and transferring thermal energy, wherein the salt bath is received in the housing (2) in order to absorb thermal energy and transfer same to the water flowing through the second heat exchange element (4) in order to generate steam. The steam generator (1) additionally comprises a heating device (14) which is designed to transfer external thermal energy, preferably heat from solar energy, to the salt bath and/or to the water flowing through the second heat exchange element (4).
F22B 1/00 - Méthodes de production de vapeur caractérisées par le genre de chauffage
F22B 1/06 - Méthodes de production de vapeur caractérisées par le genre de chauffage par exploitation de l'énergie thermique contenue dans une source chaude la source chaude étant un corps fonduEmploi de métal fondu, p. ex. du zinc, comme milieu transmetteur de chaleur
F22B 1/18 - Méthodes de production de vapeur caractérisées par le genre de chauffage par exploitation de l'énergie thermique contenue dans une source chaude la source chaude étant un gaz chaud, p. ex. des gaz d'évacuation tels que les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne
F22B 21/00 - Chaudières à tubes d'eau du type vertical ou semi-vertical, c.-à-d. où les faisceaux de tubes d'eau sont disposés verticalement ou pratiquement à la verticale
F22B 21/24 - Chaudières à tubes d'eau du type vertical ou semi-vertical, c.-à-d. où les faisceaux de tubes d'eau sont disposés verticalement ou pratiquement à la verticale composées de tubes d'eau de forme autre que rectiligne ou sensiblement rectiligne en serpentins ou sinueux
4.
PISTON STEAM ENGINE COMPRISING A SUPERHEATER, COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANT COMPRISING SAID PISTON STEAM ENGINE, COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE PISTON STEAM ENGINE, AND CONTROLLER FOR CONTROLLING THE PISTON STEAM ENGINE
The present invention relates to a piston steam engine (1) that is preferably used to generate electric power, said piston steam engine comprising: at least one cylinder (10) that encloses a working chamber (15); a piston that can move back and forth in the working chamber (15) along a central axis of the cylinder (10) between a top dead centre and a bottom dead centre; a steam chamber (76) for providing fresh steam; an inlet valve (26) for controlling, in an open-loop and/or closed-loop manner, a fluid flow of the provided fresh steam which acts as the working fluid of the piston steam engine; and a superheater (6) which is located between the inlet valve (26) and the working chamber (15) and is designed to superheat the fresh steam flowing through the inlet valve (26) towards the working chamber (15). The present invention also relates to: a combined heat and power plant comprising the steam engine (1); a computer-implemented method for controlling, in an open-loop and/or closed-loop manner, a piston steam engine; and a computer program and a computer-readable storage medium.
F01K 7/36 - Ensembles fonctionnels de machines à vapeur caractérisés par l'emploi de types particuliers de machines motricesEnsembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par un circuit de vapeur, un cycle de fonctionnement ou des phases particuliersDispositifs de commande spécialement adaptés à ces systèmes, cycles ou phasesUtilisation de la vapeur soutirée ou de la vapeur d'évacuation pour le réchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation les machines motrices étant du type à soutirage ou sans condensationUtilisation de la vapeur pour le réchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation les machines motrices étant du type à déplacement positif
F22G 7/00 - Surchauffeurs de vapeur caractérisés par leur emplacement ou leur disposition
The invention relates to a steam generator (1) which comprises a housing (2) with an inlet (6) and an outlet (7), a first heat exchange element (3) which is arranged in the housing (2) and through which a heat exchange fluid, preferably flue gas, can flow in a first flow direction (A) from the inlet (6) to the outlet (7), and at least one second heat exchange element (4) which is arranged in the housing (2) and through which water can flow in order to generate steam. Furthermore, a salt bath is provided for absorbing and transferring thermal energy, wherein the salt bath is received in the housing (2) in order to absorb thermal energy and transfer same to the water flowing through the second heat exchange element (4) in order to generate steam. The steam generator additionally comprises an electric heating device (14) for heating the salt bath.
F01K 3/18 - Ensembles fonctionnels caractérisés par l'emploi d'accumulateurs de vapeur ou de chaleur ou bien de réchauffeurs intermédiaires de vapeur comportant des réchauffeurs
F01K 3/20 - Ensembles fonctionnels caractérisés par l'emploi d'accumulateurs de vapeur ou de chaleur ou bien de réchauffeurs intermédiaires de vapeur comportant des réchauffeurs avec chauffage par les gaz de combustion de la chaudière principale
F22B 1/06 - Méthodes de production de vapeur caractérisées par le genre de chauffage par exploitation de l'énergie thermique contenue dans une source chaude la source chaude étant un corps fonduEmploi de métal fondu, p. ex. du zinc, comme milieu transmetteur de chaleur
6.
PISTON STEAM ENGINE COMPRISING AN ADDITIONAL OUTLET VALVE, COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANT COMPRISING SAID PISTON STEAM ENGINE, COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE PISTON STEAM ENGINE, AND CONTROLLER FOR CONTROLLING THE PISTON STEAM ENGINE
The present invention relates to a piston steam engine (1) that is preferably used to generate electric power, said piston steam engine comprising: at least one cylinder (10) that encloses a working chamber (15); a piston that can move back and forth in the working chamber (15) along a central axis of the cylinder (10) between a top dead centre and a bottom dead centre; a steam chamber (76) for providing fresh steam; an inlet valve (26) for controlling, in an open-loop and/or closed-loop manner, a fluid flow of the provided fresh steam which acts as the working fluid of the piston steam engine, the working chamber (15) being enclosed over its periphery by a working chamber wall (14) formed by or inserted into the cylinder (10); a plurality of first exhaust-steam outlet openings (13) which are distributed peripherally in the working chamber wall (14); and a plurality of second exhaust-steam outlet openings (18) which are provided in the working chamber wall (14), preferably distributed peripherally, above the first exhaust-steam outlet openings (13). The present invention also relates to: a combined heat and power plant comprising the steam engine (1); a computer-implemented method for controlling, in an open-loop and/or closed loop manner, a piston steam engine; and a computer program and a computer-readable storage medium.
Heat exchanger, having: a housing through which a heat exchange fluid, preferably flue gas, can flow from an inlet in the housing to an outlet in the housing in a first direction of flow; and a plurality of helical pipelines as heat exchange elements which are arranged in layers in the housing, in a manner spaced apart in the first direction of flow, are in fluid communication with one another and through which water can flow for heating purposes, wherein a plurality of flow guiding devices, each arranged between two of the heat exchange elements, are provided in the housing for deflecting the flow of the heat exchange fluid from the inlet in the housing to the outlet in the housing at a deflection angle from the first direction of flow.
F28D 7/04 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations tubulaires fixes pour les deux sources de potentiel calorifique, ces sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi d'une canalisation les canalisations étant enroulées en spirale
F28D 21/00 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur non couverts par l'un des groupes
F28F 9/22 - Dispositions pour diriger les sources de potentiel calorifique dans des compartiments successifs, p. ex. aménagement des plaques de guidage
F28F 9/24 - Dispositions pour favoriser un écoulement turbulent des sources de potentiel calorifique, p. ex. par des plaques
F28F 19/00 - Prévention de la formation de dépôts ou de la corrosion, p. ex. en utilisant des filtres
F22B 21/28 - Chaudières à tubes d'eau du type vertical ou semi-vertical, c.-à-d. où les faisceaux de tubes d'eau sont disposés verticalement ou pratiquement à la verticale composées de tubes d'eau de forme autre que rectiligne ou sensiblement rectiligne en spirale
F22B 37/40 - Aménagements des cloisons séparatrices dans les conduits des chaudières à vapeur, p. ex. constitués d'écrans
F24H 9/00 - APPAREILS DE CHAUFFAGE DE FLUIDES, p. ex. DE L'AIR OU DE L'EAU, COMPORTANT DES MOYENS DE PRODUCTION DE CHALEUR, p. ex. DES POMPES À CHALEUR, EN GÉNÉRAL Parties constitutives
Proposed is a steam generator (1) that comprises: a housing (2); a first heat exchange element (3) which is arranged in the housing and through which a heat exchange fluid, preferably flue gas, can flow; at least one second heat exchange element (4) which is arranged in the housing and through which water can flow for the purposes of generating steam; and a heat transfer medium in the form of a salt bath which is arranged in the housing (2) in order, for the purposes of generating steam, to transfer heat from the heat exchange fluid flowing through the first heat exchange element (3) to the water flowing through the second heat exchange element (4). The steam generator furthermore has an agitator device (5) which is arranged on the housing (2) and which extends into the heat transfer medium, wherein the agitator device (5) is designed to generate a flow within the heat transfer medium, by agitating the heat transfer medium, whilst the steam generator (1) is in operation.
F22B 21/00 - Chaudières à tubes d'eau du type vertical ou semi-vertical, c.-à-d. où les faisceaux de tubes d'eau sont disposés verticalement ou pratiquement à la verticale
F22B 21/24 - Chaudières à tubes d'eau du type vertical ou semi-vertical, c.-à-d. où les faisceaux de tubes d'eau sont disposés verticalement ou pratiquement à la verticale composées de tubes d'eau de forme autre que rectiligne ou sensiblement rectiligne en serpentins ou sinueux
F22B 1/18 - Méthodes de production de vapeur caractérisées par le genre de chauffage par exploitation de l'énergie thermique contenue dans une source chaude la source chaude étant un gaz chaud, p. ex. des gaz d'évacuation tels que les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne
The present invention relates to a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a housing and at least one heat exchange element arranged in the housing. A heat exchange fluid, preferably flue gas, can flow through the housing from an inlet of the housing to an outlet of the housing in a first flow direction. The first heat exchange element is in the form of a plurality of pipelines which are in fluidic communication and through which water can flow in a second flow direction for heating water, in particular for generating steam. Overpressure valves are arranged on the pipelines such that the volume within the pipelines between two overpressure valves is in each case at most two litres.
F28D 21/00 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur non couverts par l'un des groupes
F28D 7/16 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations tubulaires fixes pour les deux sources de potentiel calorifique, ces sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi d'une canalisation les canalisations étant espacées parallèlement
F28D 15/00 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur dans lesquels l'agent intermédiaire de transfert de chaleur en tubes fermés passe dans ou à travers les parois des canalisations
F28F 9/00 - CartersBoîtes de distributionSupports auxiliaires pour les élémentsÉléments auxiliaires dans les carters
A steam generator (1), comprising: a housing (2); a flow channel, through which a heat-exchange fluid, preferably flue gas, can flow from an inlet of the flow channel to an outlet of the flow channel, wherein at least one portion of the flow channel is arranged as a first heat-exchange element (3) in the housing (2); at least one second heat-exchange element (4), which is arranged in the housing (2) and through which water can flow for steam generation; a heat-transfer medium, which is arranged in the housing (2), in order, for steam generation, to transfer heat from the heat-exchange fluid flowing through the flow channel to the water flowing through the second heat-exchange element (4), characterized in that the heat-transfer medium is a salt bath, and the cross section of the flow channel at the inlet of the flow channel is greater than at the outlet of the flow channel.
F22B 1/06 - Méthodes de production de vapeur caractérisées par le genre de chauffage par exploitation de l'énergie thermique contenue dans une source chaude la source chaude étant un corps fonduEmploi de métal fondu, p. ex. du zinc, comme milieu transmetteur de chaleur
F22B 1/18 - Méthodes de production de vapeur caractérisées par le genre de chauffage par exploitation de l'énergie thermique contenue dans une source chaude la source chaude étant un gaz chaud, p. ex. des gaz d'évacuation tels que les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne
The invention relates to a steam engine comprising a cylinder (10), a stroke piston (12) which is movably guided in the cylinder (10) between an upper dead center and a lower dead center, a working chamber (18) in the cylinder (10), said working chamber being delimited by the stroke piston (12), a steam chamber (76) for providing fresh steam, an inlet valve (26) with a valve opening (28) which connects the steam chamber (76) and the working chamber (18), a valve seat (30) which surrounds the valve opening (28), a movable valve element (32) which interacts with the valve seat (30) in order to close and release the valve opening, and a valve controller (42) for moving the valve element (32), wherein the valve controller (42) has a control cylinder (44) and a control piston (46) which interacts with the valve element (32) and separates the control cylinder (44) into a pneumatic chamber (48) and a hydraulic chamber (50), and the hydraulic chamber (50) can be supplied with hydraulic fluid in order to lift the valve element (32) from the valve seat (30) and release the valve opening (28).
F01K 21/02 - Ensembles fonctionnels de machines motrices à vapeur non prévus ailleurs avec production de vapeur dans les cylindres des machines motrices
brevets
