LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Björk, Timo
Ahola, Antti
Abrégé
An apparatus for determining an efficiency index of a process comprises processing equipment (103) for receiving data indicative of service produced by the process and data indicative of efficiency parameters needed for production of the service The apparatus comprises a memory (101) storing response quantities each associated with a predetermined stress range and expressing an upper limit for number of stress cycles at an observation point of a mechanical system used in the process, where the stress cycles have the stress range related to the response value. The processing equipment updates stress history quantities expressing number of occurred stress cycles having stress ranges related to the response quantities. A fatigue damage sum is estimated based on the response quantities and the stress history quantities. The efficiency index is formed based on the service, the efficiency parameters, and the fatigue damage sum.
G01M 5/00 - Examen de l'élasticité des structures ou ouvrages, p. ex. fléchissement de ponts ou d'ailes d'avions
G06Q 10/04 - Prévision ou optimisation spécialement adaptées à des fins administratives ou de gestion, p. ex. programmation linéaire ou "problème d’optimisation des stocks"
2.
A WINDING SYSTEM OF AN ELECTRIC MACHINE AND A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Petrov, Ilya
Pyrhönen, Juha
Poutiainen, Ilkka
Nykänen, Timo
Abrégé
A winding system comprises a hairpin winding made of hollow or tubular winding conductors (101). Said tubular winding conductors have, at a first end-winding region (102), first holes (105) extending to flow channels of the tubular winding conductors and, at the second end-winding region (103), second holes (106) extending to the flow channels of the tubular winding conductors. The winding system comprises a first casing structure (107) having a fluid inlet (108) for cooling fluid and s a second casing structure (109) having a fluid outlet (110) for the cooling fluid. Thus, the cooling fluid can flow between the first and second end-winding regions via a coil side region of the hairpin winding.
H02K 3/24 - Enroulements caractérisés par la configuration, la forme ou le genre de construction du conducteur, p. ex. avec des conducteurs en barre avec des canaux ou des conduits pour un agent de refroidissement entre les conducteurs
H02K 9/197 - Dispositions de refroidissement ou de ventilation pour machines avec enveloppe fermée et circuit fermé de refroidissement utilisant un agent de refroidissement liquide, p. ex. de l'huile dans lesquels l'espace du rotor ou du stator est étanche au fluide, p. ex. pour pourvoir le rotor et le stator d'agents de refroidissement différents
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Madanzadeh, Sadjad
Jastrzebski, Rafal
Abrégé
A bearingless electric drive comprises a flux-switching permanent magnet machine (100) and a converter (107) connected to a winding system (104) of the permanent magnet machine. The permanent magnet machine comprises first and second elements (101, 102) moveable with respect to each other. The first element comprises a first section (109) having the winding system and a second section (110) having permanent magnets so that the second element is between the first and second sections of the first element. The converter is configured to supply driving currents to the winding system in accordance with electric drive control and to supply levitation currents to the winding system to magnetically levitate the first and second elements with respect to each other. The division of the first element into the first and second sections allows higher volumes of permanent magnet material and ferromagnetic material. This increases efficiency and force capacity of the electric drive.
H02K 21/40 - Moteurs synchrones à aimants permanentsGénératrices synchrones à aimants permanents avec des distributeurs de flux tournants, les induits et les aimants restant fixes avec des distributeurs de flux tournant autour des aimants et à l'intérieur des induits
H02K 41/03 - Moteurs synchronesMoteurs pas à pasMoteurs à réluctance
H02K 3/20 - Enroulements pour pôles saillants assurant des rôles auxiliaires, p. ex. un effet d'amortissement ou de commutation
H02K 7/09 - Association structurelle avec des paliers avec des paliers magnétiques
H02K 3/28 - Schémas d'enroulements ou de connexions entre enroulements
H02K 11/33 - Circuits d’entraînement, p. ex. circuits électroniques de puissance
4.
A SYSTEM AND A METHOD FOR AN ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESS
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Korhonen, Juhamatti
Peltoniemi, Pasi
Abrégé
A system for an electrochemical process comprises an electrochemical reactor (101), a rectifier (104) for supplying direct current to the electrochemical reactor, and a transformer (108) for supplying alternating voltages to the rectifier. The rectifier comprises an alternating voltage terminal (106) which receives the alternating voltages, a direct voltage terminal (107) which supplies the direct current to electrodes (102, 103) of the electrochemical reactor, and a diode bridge (105) between the alternating voltage terminal and the direct voltage terminal. The rectifier comprises switching circuitries (150-154) configured to constitute bi-directional controllable switches (109-111) which are: capable of conducting and blocking electric current in both directions, connected to the alternating voltage terminal of the diode bridge, and connected to each other to form a star- or a delta-connection. The switching circuitries are controlled to achieve sufficiently sinusoidal alternating input currents of the rectifier.
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogène ou oxygène par électrolyse de l'eau
H02M 7/06 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant alternatif en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans possibilité de réversibilité par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge sans électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs sans éléctrode de commande
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Pyrhönen, Juha
Sopanen, Jussi
Poutiainen, Ilkka
Sikanen, Eerik
Petrov, Ilya
Abrégé
A rotor (101) for a synchronous reluctance machine comprises a shaft (102) and modules (103, 104) stacked in an axial direction (z) of the rotor and surrounding the shaft. Each module comprises flux-guides made of ferromagnetic material, and gaps between the flux-guides to implement greater reluctance in a direction of the quadrature (q) axis of the rotor than in a direction of the direct (d) axis of the rotor. Each module comprises at least one support plate (110, 111) axially successively with respect to the flux-guides so that the flux-guides are attached to the support plate. As the flux-guides are mechanically supported by the support plate, there is no need for isthmuses between the flux-guides, or the isthmuses can be smaller, and thereby the magnetic properties of the rotor can be better than those of a rotor whose mechanical strength is based on isthmuses between the flux-guides.
H02K 15/02 - Procédés ou appareils spécialement adaptés à la fabrication, l'assemblage, l'entretien ou la réparation des machines dynamo-électriques des corps statoriques ou rotoriques
H02K 19/10 - Moteurs synchrones pour courant polyphasé
H02K 1/276 - Aimants encastrés dans le noyau magnétique, p. ex. aimants permanents internes [IPM]
H02K 15/03 - Procédés ou appareils spécialement adaptés à la fabrication, l'assemblage, l'entretien ou la réparation des machines dynamo-électriques des corps statoriques ou rotoriques comportant des aimants permanents
6.
AN ELECTROLYZER SYSTEM AND A METHOD FOR WATER ELECTROLYSIS
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Ahola, Jero
Kauranen, Pertti
Niemelä, Markku
Ruuskanen, Vesa
Kosonen, Antti
Abrégé
An electrolyzer system comprises electrolyzer elements (101) each comprising an electrolyzer stack (104) constituted by electrolysis cells. Furthermore, each electrolyzer element comprises a water inlet (106), a hydrogen separator tank (107) having a hydrogen outlet (108), an oxygen separator tank (109) having an oxygen outlet (110), and a channel system (111) for conducting electrolyte from the hydrogen separator tank and from the oxygen separator tank to the electrolyzer stack. The electrolyzer stacks of the electrolyzer elements are electrically connected to each other so that direct voltage of the electrolyzer system is a sum of direct voltages of the electrolyzer stacks of two or more of the electrolyzer elements. The water inlets, the hydrogen outlets, and the oxygen outlets of different ones of the electrolyzer elements are galvanically separated from each other. This enables the direct voltage of the electrolyzer system to have a desired value with low stray electric currents.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Korhonen, Juhamatti
Abrégé
12312231231233) contributes at least one measured linear combination even if the number of the current sensors is less than the number of the electric currents. This improves the ability to detect various fault situations.
G01R 15/18 - Adaptations fournissant une isolation en tension ou en courant, p. ex. adaptations pour les réseaux à haute tension ou à courant fort utilisant des dispositifs inductifs, p. ex. des transformateurs
G01R 15/20 - Adaptations fournissant une isolation en tension ou en courant, p. ex. adaptations pour les réseaux à haute tension ou à courant fort utilisant des dispositifs galvano-magnétiques, p. ex. des dispositifs à effet Hall
G01R 19/10 - Mesure d'une somme, d'une différence, ou d'un rapport
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Nykänen, Timo
Martikainen, Iikka
Abrégé
A winding system comprises at least one coil made of a winding conductor (104) comprising electrically conductive material and a tubular cooling channel (113) in the longitudinal direction of the winding conductor. At each end of the winding conductor, there is a coupling element (105) made of electrically conductive material. A first end (108) of the coupling element is hollow and attached to an end of the winding conductor so that the first end surrounds the end of the winding conductor. A second end (109) of the coupling element comprises an interface (110) to form a galvanic contact with an external electrical conductor. A middle portion of the coupling element comprises a channel (112) connected to the cooling channel of the winding conductor. Thus, the coupling element implements both an electrical connection and a cooling fluid connection, and all the electrically conductive material can be cooled by the cooling fluid.
H02K 3/22 - Enroulements caractérisés par la configuration, la forme ou le genre de construction du conducteur, p. ex. avec des conducteurs en barre formés de conducteurs creux
H02K 3/52 - Fixation des enroulements de pôles saillants ou de leurs connexions
H02K 15/00 - Procédés ou appareils spécialement adaptés à la fabrication, l'assemblage, l'entretien ou la réparation des machines dynamo-électriques
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Jastrzebski, Rafal
Turunen-Saaresti, Teemu
Jaatinen, Pekko
Abrégé
An electric turbomachine comprises an electric machine (101), at least one turbomachine stage (104) comprising an impeller (105) attached to a shaft (106) of the electric machine, and at least one axial magnetic bearing (107) comprising a magnetic actuator (108). The impeller is a radial impeller comprising a backplate (109) and vanes (110) connected to the backplate. The backplate comprises ferromagnetic material and is configured to act as a part of the axial magnetic bearing so that the magnetic actuator of the axial magnetic bearing is configured to direct a magnetic force to the backplate. As the backplate of the impeller is used as the part of the axial magnetic bearing, the rotating part of the electric turbomachine can be shorter and thereby natural frequencies, such as bending mode natural frequencies of the rotating part can be higher. Thus, critical speeds of the rotating part can be higher.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Pyrhönen, Juha
Aarniovuori, Lassi
Sopanen, Jussi
Jastrzebski, Rafal
Narsakka, Juuso
Kurvinen, Emil
Sikanen, Eerik
Lindh, Tuomo
Pyrhönen, Olli
Abrégé
An electric machine system comprises an electric machine (101) that comprises a stator (102), a rotor (103) having a first shaft (104), and first magnetic bearings (106-108) for supporting the rotor. Furthermore, the electric machine system comprises a second shaft (109) connected to the first shaft, a second magnetic bearing (110, 111) for supporting the second shaft, and a connection part (112) between the first and second shafts and connecting the first shaft to the second shaft in a torque transferring way. Bending stiffness of the connection part is less than the bending stiffnesses of the first and second shafts. Due to the lower bending stiffness of the connection part, one or more bending mode natural frequencies of a rotating part comprising the first and second shafts and the connection part can be so low that passing the corresponding one or more rotation speeds is manageable by the magnetic bearings.
H02K 7/16 - Association structurelle à des charges mécaniques, p. ex. à des machines-outils portatives ou des ventilateurs pour fonctionnement au-dessus de la vitesse critique de vibration des parties tournantes
H02K 7/00 - Dispositions pour la mise en œuvre d'énergie mécanique associées structurellement aux machines dynamo-électriques, p. ex. association structurelle avec des moteurs mécaniques d'entraînement ou des machines dynamo-électriques auxiliaires
H02K 7/18 - Association structurelle de génératrices électriques à des moteurs mécaniques d'entraînement, p. ex. à des turbines
H02K 7/09 - Association structurelle avec des paliers avec des paliers magnétiques
F16D 3/56 - Accouplements extensibles, c.-à-d. avec moyens permettant le mouvement entre parties accouplées durant leur entraînement avec pièces d'accouplement reliées par un ou plusieurs organes intermédiaires comportant des lamelles métalliques élastiques, des bielles élastiques ou des éléments analogues, p. ex. disposés radialement ou parallèlement à l'axe, les organes étant soumis ensemble à un effet de cisaillement sous l'action de la charge totale
F16D 3/64 - Accouplements extensibles, c.-à-d. avec moyens permettant le mouvement entre parties accouplées durant leur entraînement avec pièces d'accouplement reliées par un ou plusieurs organes intermédiaires comportant des éléments élastiques disposés entre les parois sensiblement radiales des deux pièces d'accouplement
F16C 32/04 - Paliers non prévus ailleurs faisant usage de moyens de support magnétiques ou électriques
F16D 1/027 - Accouplements pour établir une liaison rigide entre deux arbres coaxiaux ou d'autres éléments mobiles d'une machine pour liaison bout à bout de deux arbres ou de deux pièces analogues non démontables, p. ex. faisant intervenir le collage, le soudage ou un procédé similaire
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Li, Ming
Handroos, Heikki
Wu, Huapeng
Kulagin, Ivan
Abrégé
The present disclosure describes a kinematic structure for a 4D0F motion platform, and a motion platform utilizing said kinematic structure. In the kinematic structure, an end effector (10) is positioned between upper ends of two opposing limb elements (11, 12). The upper ends are connected to the end effector (10) via spherical joints that define a roll axis for the end effector (10). Lower ends of said limb elements are provided with joints that limit translational motion of the end effector essentially to a vertical plane. The kinematic structure is further provided with a third limb element that dominates roll and pitch of the end effector. The upper end of the third limb element is connected to the end effector via a revolute joint while the lower end is connected to a slider controlling motion of the second end. The revolute joint is arranged such that the motion of the second end translates into rotational motion pitching the end effector. The kinematic structure is further provided with means for adjusting the roll of the end effector about the roll axis.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Abramenko, Valerii
Petrov, Ilya
Pyrhönen, Juha
Abrégé
A variable reluctance position sensor comprises a first element (101) having magnetic sensor sections (102, 103) having excitation coils, first detection coils, and second detection coils, and a second element (104) moveable with respect to the first element. An airgap surface of the second element is periodically meandering with at least two spatial meandering periods. When an alternating signal is supplied to the excitation coils, envelopes of alternating signals induced in the first and second detection coils are dependent on a position of the second element. First ones of the magnetic sensor sections constitute a first group (110) of successive magnetic sensor sections and second ones of the magnetic sensor sections constitute a second group (111) of successive magnetic sensor sections so that the second group is displaced with respect to the first group by a non-integer number × the spatial meandering period.
G01D 5/20 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques influençant la valeur d'un courant ou d'une tension en faisant varier l'inductance, p. ex. une armature mobile
13.
YIELDING COUPLING WITH A COVER AND AN ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH A COUPLING
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Pyrhönen, Juha
Pyrhönen, Olli
Sopanen, Jussi
Laukkanen, Jorma
Aarniovuori, Lassi
Abrégé
A joint element (101) for mechanically connecting an electric machine (108) to a rotating apparatus (109), such as a turbo-compressor, is presented. The joint element comprises a coupling element (102) for connecting a shaft of the electric machine to a shaft of the rotating apparatus and a tubular portion (103) surrounding the coupling element. Rims of the tubular portion comprise seals (104, 105) for arranging hermetic joints between one of the rims and an outer surface of the electric machine and between the other one of the rims and an outer surface of the rotating apparatus. The tubular portion comprises an opening (106) and a lid (107) for hermetically closing the opening, the opening providing access to the coupling element from outside the tubular portion. As the hermetic joints are formed between the tubular portion, the electric machine, and the rotating apparatus, the electric machine, the joint element, and the rotating apparatus can constitute a hermetically sealed entity.
F16D 3/84 - Enveloppes de protection, p. ex. boîtiers, couverclesMoyens d'étanchéité spécialement adaptés à cet effet
F16D 3/72 - Accouplements extensibles, c.-à-d. avec moyens permettant le mouvement entre parties accouplées durant leur entraînement avec pièces d'accouplement reliées par un ou plusieurs organes intermédiaires avec des fixations aux pièces d'accouplement axialement espacées
F04D 29/054 - Dispositions pour le raccordement ou l'assemblage des arbres
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Kulagin, Ivan
Handroos, Heikki
Li, Ming
Abrégé
The present disclosure describes a neck frame of a mechanism emulating neck movements of a quadruped mammal. The neck frame forms a planar six-bar linkage. The neck frame that is configured to be connected (or integrally attached) to an external frame. The external frame may be in the form of a base frame emulating a body of an animal. Proportions of link bars in the linkage may be determined based on the proportions of the animal. A joint in the middle portion of the neck frame effectively splits the neck frame into two sections.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Ponomarev, Nikolai
Abrégé
The present invention relates to methods for producing active carbon comprising pyrolyzing carbonaceous material, in particular lignin with a mixture of (i) alkali metal carbonate and/or alkali metal bicarbonate and (ii) alkali metal chloride. The invention relates also to a method for recycling at least alkali metal carbonate and alkali metal chloride in the method.
G01D 5/20 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques influençant la valeur d'un courant ou d'une tension en faisant varier l'inductance, p. ex. une armature mobile
17.
A LOAD SENSING CONTROL SYSTEM AND A METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Handroos, Heikki
Pyrhönen, Juha
Abrégé
A load sensing control system for controlling a hydraulic system comprises at least one pressure sensor (101-106) configured to measure pressure of at least one hydraulic cylinder (111-113) of the hydraulic system, a torque controlled electric drive (107) configured to drive a hydraulic pump (114) of the hydraulic system, and a controller (108) configured to produce a torque reference for the torque controlled electric drive based on a sum of a predetermined pressure margin and the measured pressure. As the torque of the electric drive can be changed rapidly, the pressure margin can be small and thus a need for pressure reduction carried out with valves of the hydraulic system is reduced and thereby throttling losses in the valves are reduced, too.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Tamminen, Jussi
Varis, Juha
Koiranen, Tuomas
Gradov, Dmitry
Abrégé
An ultrasound processing device comprises a treatment chamber (101) constituting a helical flow channel (105) for process fluid and an ultrasound source (104) configured to radiate ultrasound to an interior of the treatment chamber in radial directions of the helical flow channel. The helical flow channel contains mixing elements (106) configured to guide the process fluid from inside of a curve of the helical flow channel to outside of the curve of the helical flow channel and from the outside of the curve of the helical flow channel to the inside of the curve of the helical flow channel. Thus, each portion of the process fluid flows alternately in the outside of the curve of the helical flow channel and in the inside of the curve of the helical flow channel, and thereby the process fluid gets evenly treated by the ultrasound despite the ultrasound intensity attenuates in the radial directions of the helical flow channel.
B01J 19/10 - Procédés utilisant l'application directe de l'énergie ondulatoire ou électrique, ou un rayonnement particulaireAppareils à cet usage utilisant des vibrations de fréquences audibles ou des ultrasons
A61L 2/025 - Procédés ou appareils de désinfection ou de stérilisation de matériaux ou d'objets autres que les denrées alimentaires ou les lentilles de contactAccessoires à cet effet utilisant des phénomènes physiques des ultrasons
B01J 19/24 - Réacteurs fixes sans élément interne mobile
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Pyrhönen, Juha
Scherman, Eero
Abrégé
An electrohydraulic device comprises an electric machine (101), a hydraulic device (105), and a gear (102) that has a first shaft (103) attached to a rotor (104) of the electric machine, a second shaft (106) configured to drive the hydraulic device, and gear wheels configured to transfer torque between the first shaft and the second shaft. The second shaft of the gear is configured to constitute a rotating part (108) of the hydraulic device. As the gear and the hydraulic device are integrated so that the rotating part of the hydraulic device is a part of the second shaft of the gear, the electrohydraulic device can be mechanically compact. This makes it easier for example to encapsulate the electrohydraulic device with a hermetic casing.
H02K 7/116 - Association structurelle avec des embrayages, des freins, des engrenages, des poulies ou des démarreurs mécaniques avec des engrenages
H02K 7/14 - Association structurelle à des charges mécaniques, p. ex. à des machines-outils portatives ou des ventilateurs
F04B 1/20 - "Machines" ou pompes multicylindres caractérisées par le nombre ou la disposition des cylindres ayant des cylindres coaxiaux, parallèles ou inclinés par rapport à l'arbre principal le bloc-cylindres étant rotatif
F04B 17/03 - Pompes caractérisées par leur combinaison avec des machines motrices ou moteurs particuliers qui les entraînent ou par leur adaptation à ceux-ci entraînées par des moteurs électriques
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Pyrhönen, Juha
Scherman, Eero
Abrégé
An electromechanical device (100) comprises a connection shaft (101) for connecting to an external rotating element, an outer rotor electric machine, and a planetary gear configured to transfer torque between a rotor (103) of the outer rotor electric machine and the connection shaft. The planetary gear comprises a gear ring (104), a sun wheel (105), planet wheels (106a, 106b), and a planet carrier (107). The planet wheels are configured to mesh with the gear ring and with the sun wheel, and the planet carrier is configured to support the planet wheels. The gear ring of the planetary gear is attached to a stator (102) of the outer rotor electric machine so that the stator surrounds the gear ring. Thus, the electromechanical device can be short in its axial direction.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Koponen, Joonas
Ruuskanen, Vesa
Kosonen, Antti
Poluektov, Anton
Ahola, Jero
Niemelä, Markku
Lindh, Tuomo
Abrégé
An apparatus for estimating electrical properties of an electrolyzer (103) comprises a data processing system (102) for estimating electrical values, for example a membrane resistance, of the electrolyzer based on a difference voltage, a current (I), and an initial value and an attenuation time constant of a double-layer capacitance voltage of the electrolyzer during a shutdown of the electrolyzer. The difference voltage is a difference between a voltage (U) of the electrolyzer and a total reversible voltage of the electrolyzer. The initial value and the attenuation time constant of the double-layer capacitance voltage are estimated based on values of the difference voltage when the current is zero and thus the difference voltage equals the double-layer capacitance voltage. The electrical values can be estimated even if a stepwise interruption of the current of the electrolyzer is not possible.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
JYVÄSKYLÄN YLIOPISTO (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Kuisma, Mikko
Immonen, Antti
Levikari, Saku
Peltonen, Heikki
Launis, Esa
Silvennoinen, Mika
Abrégé
An apparatus for energy expenditure estimation comprises a heart rate sensor (101) for producing a heart rate value indicative of a heart rate of an individual, a heat-flux sensor (103) for producing a heat-flux value indicative of a heat-flux flowing through a measurement area on the skin of the individual, and a processing system (102) communicatively connected to the heart rate sensor and the heat-flux sensor. The processing system is configured to produce an estimate of the energy expenditure based on the heart rate value and the heat-flux value. The use of the heat-flux value improves the accuracy of the estimation especially during low-intensity exercise and rest, when both heart rate and acceleration values often fail to provide information meaningful enough for energy expenditure estimation.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Koponen, Joonas
Ruuskanen, Vesa
Kosonen, Antti
Poluektov, Anton
Ahola, Jero
Niemelä, Markku
Abrégé
A system for an electrochemical process comprises an electrochemical reactor (101), a converter bridge (104) for supplying direct current to electrodes (102, 103) of the electrochemical reactor, and serial inductors (107) connected to alternating voltage terminals of the converter bridge. The converter bridge comprises bi- directional controllable switches (111, 112) between the alternating voltage terminals and direct voltage terminals of the converter bridge. Forced commutation of the bi-directional controllable switches enables reduction of current ripple in the direct current supplied to the electrochemical reactor. The forced commutation enables also to control a power factor of an alternating voltage supply of the system.
C25B 9/18 - Assemblages comprenant plusieurs cellules
C25B 13/04 - DiaphragmesÉléments d'espacement caractérisés par le matériau
C25B 15/06 - Détection ou prévention des courts-circuits dans les cellules
C25B 1/10 - Production électrolytique de composés inorganiques ou de non-métaux d'hydrogène ou d'oxygène par électrolyse de l'eau dans des cellules à diaphragme
C25B 15/02 - Commande ou régulation des opérations
H02M 7/00 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant alternatif en une puissance de sortie en courant continuTransformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant alternatif
H02M 7/10 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant alternatif en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans possibilité de réversibilité par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge sans électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs sans éléctrode de commande agencés pour la marche en série, p. ex. pour la multiplication de tension
H02M 7/162 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant alternatif en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans possibilité de réversibilité par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type thyratron ou thyristor exigeant des moyens d'extinction utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs dans une configuration en pont
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Koponen, Joonas
Ruuskanen, Vesa
Kosonen, Antti
Poluektov, Anton
Ahola, Jero
Niemelä, Markku
Lindh, Tuomo
Abrégé
A system for alkaline water electrolysis comprises electrolysis cells (101-104), a hydrogen separator tank (105), a first piping (106) from the electrolysis cells to the hydrogen separator tank, an oxygen separator tank, a second piping from the electrolysis cells to the oxygen separator tank, and a third piping (109) for conducting liquid electrolyte from the hydrogen separator tank and from the oxygen separator tank back to the electrolysis cells. The system comprises an ultrasound source (110) for applying ultrasound on the liquid electrolyte contained by the first piping. The ultrasound enhances the separation of dissolved hydrogen gas from the liquid electrolyte contained by the first piping, and thus energy efficiency of the alkaline water electrolysis is improved. Furthermore, a safe control range of the alkaline water electrolysis is broadened because crossover of hydrogen gas to an oxygen side of the system is reduced.
C01B 13/14 - Méthodes de préparation des oxydes ou hydroxydes en général
C25B 9/10 - Cellules comportant des électrodes fixes de dimensions stables; Assemblages de leurs éléments de structure avec des diaphragmes comprenant une membrane d'échange d'ions dans ou sur laquelle est incrusté du matériau pour électrode
C25B 9/20 - Assemblages comprenant plusieurs cellules du type filtre-presse
C25B 15/08 - Alimentation ou vidange des réactifs ou des électrolytesRégénération des électrolytes
C25B 1/10 - Production électrolytique de composés inorganiques ou de non-métaux d'hydrogène ou d'oxygène par électrolyse de l'eau dans des cellules à diaphragme
25.
A SYSTEM AND A METHOD FOR MONITORING MATERIAL FATIGUE
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Björk, Timo
Ahola, Antti
Abrégé
A system for monitoring fatigue of a mechanical structure comprises a memory (101) storing response values each associated with one of predetermined stress ranges and one of predetermined mean stresses. Each response value expresses an upper limit for number of cycles of stress at a predetermined observation point of the mechanical structure in a situation where the cycles have the stress range and the mean stress related to the response value. The system comprises processing equipment (103) for updating, for each response value, a stress history value expressing number of cycles occurred in a time-trend of the stress and having the stress range and the mean stress related to the response value. A fatigue damage sum is updated based on the response values and the stress history values. The fatigue damage sum expresses cumulated fatigue damage of the mechanical structure and can be used for real-time fatigue monitoring.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Tanninen, Panu
Varis, Juha
Kainusalmi, Mika
Leminen, Ville
Abrégé
A coated and shaped board product (101) comprises a shaped element (102) made of board, for example paperboard or metal foil. The shaped element is seamless and has folds (103) to form a three-dimensional shape of the shaped element. The coated and shaped board product further comprises a coating membrane (104) attached to a surface of the shaped element. The coating membrane is arranged to cover the folds of the shaped element so that the coating membrane is free from folds and wrinkles. As the coating membrane is free from folds and wrinkles, a hermetic room can be implemented by attaching a cover element to edge areas of the coating membrane.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Jastrzebski, Rafal
Tolsa, Kimmo
Suikki, Antti
Abrégé
A linear electric machine comprises a first element (101) and a second element (102) that are linearly movable with respect to each other in the longitudinal direction of the linear electric machine. The first element comprises a first ferromagnetic core- structure (103), and the second element comprises a second ferromagnetic core- structure (104) and windings (105, 106) for conducting electric currents. There are two airgaps (107, 108) between the first and second ferromagnetic core-structures so that the airgaps are angled with respect to each other when seen along the longitudinal direction of the linear electric machine. The airgaps that are angled with respect to each other facilitate a control of transverse magnetic forces acting between the first and second elements.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Jastrzebski, Rafal
Tolsa, Kimmo
Abrégé
A position sensor (120) comprises a ferromagnetic core (101) for conducting a magnetic flux and at least one coil (102) surrounding a part of the ferromagnetic core. The position sensor comprises circuit boards (104, 105) so that the part of the ferromagnetic core is between the circuit boards and between electric connectors (110, 111) that connect the circuit boards electrically to each other. The coil comprises electric conductors (106-109) of the circuit boards and the electric connectors that connect the electric conductors of one of the circuit boards to the electric conductors of another one of the circuit boards. Thus, there is no need for a separate coil winding because the coil is implemented when the circuit boards are connected to each other with the aid of the electric connectors.
G01D 5/20 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques influençant la valeur d'un courant ou d'une tension en faisant varier l'inductance, p. ex. une armature mobile
G01B 7/00 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques électriques ou magnétiques
G01P 3/488 - Dispositifs caractérisés par l'utilisation de moyens électriques ou magnétiques pour mesurer la vitesse angulaire en mesurant la fréquence du courant ou de la tension engendrés de signaux ayant la forme d'impulsions délivrés par des détecteurs à réluctance variable
29.
A DEVICE AND A METHOD FOR MEASURING CARDIOVASCULAR OPERATION
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Immonen, Antti
Kuisma, Mikko
Levikari, Saku
Abrégé
A device for measuring cardiovascular operation comprises a thermal sensor (101) for producing a sensor signal indicative of a heat-flux (q) emitted by blood to surroundings of a blood vessel (109) conducting the blood. The device further comprises a processing system (103) for producing, based on temporal variations of the sensor signal, data indicative of a heart rate. Power consumption of the device is lower than that of corresponding devices based on electrical, optical, or mechanical measurement of cardiovascular operation. The low power consumption is advantageous especially when the device is a battery-operated wearable device such as a wristband heart rate monitor.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Kallioinen, Mari
Mänttäri, Mika
Anugwom, Ikenna
Abrégé
The present invention relates to the fields of treating lignocellulosic material. Specifically, the invention relates to a method of fractionating a lignocellulosic material, wherein said method comprises contacting a lignocellulosic material with a specific composition to obtain a liquid fraction comprising said specific composition and dissolved compounds from the lignocellulosic material, and a solid fraction, and bleaching the solid fraction. Also, the invention concerns a hemicellulose, cellulose or lignin product, or any combination thereof, obtained by the method of the present invention.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Ponomarev, Nikolai
Sillanpää, Mika
Abrégé
The present invention relates to methods for producing activated carbon, in particular to methods comprising treating carbonaceous materials, in particular lignin with the mixture of alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal chloride, where the alkali metal is selected from sodium and potassium. The invention relates also to a method for recycling the alkali metal hydroxide and the alkali metal chloride in the method.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Petrov, Ilya
Pyrhönen, Juha
Abrégé
A magnetic actuator comprises a first element (201) and a second element (202) movable with respect to the first element in a movement direction. The first element comprises teeth (207-210) successively in the movement direction, two coils in slots defined by the teeth, and a permanent magnet (211). The second element comprises teeth (212, 213) successively in the movement direction. The teeth of the first and second elements and the permanent magnet are arranged so that the second element is held by magnetic forces in each of three positions also when there are no currents in the coils. The second element can be moved between the three positions by supplying electric currents to the coils. Thus, the second element is held in any of the three positions also when current supply to the magnetic actuator is unintentionally lost.
F16D 27/00 - Embrayages actionnés magnétiquementLeur commande ou leurs circuits électriques
F16D 27/108 - Embrayages actionnés magnétiquementLeur commande ou leurs circuits électriques avec un électro-aimant ne tournant pas avec un organe de l'embrayage, c.-à-d. sans bagues collectrices avec des organes d'embrayage mobiles selon l'axe
F16D 27/118 - Embrayages actionnés magnétiquementLeur commande ou leurs circuits électriques avec un électro-aimant ne tournant pas avec un organe de l'embrayage, c.-à-d. sans bagues collectrices avec des mâchoires ou des engrenages dentés se pénétrant mutuellement
F16H 63/30 - Caractéristiques de structure des mécanismes finals de sortie
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Nykänen, Timo
Ryhänen, Jouni
Pesonen, Petri
Abrégé
of the disclosure:A coil (200) for a winding of an electric machine comprises a conductor (201) constituting nested coil portions (202, 203) having a same geometric magnetic axis. Each coil portion comprises coil-sides (206-209), a first coil-end (211, 212), and a second coil-end (214, 215). Portions of the conductor constituting the first coil-end of each coil portion are parallel with a geometric plane perpendicular to a magnetic axis (217) of the coil and one upon another in a direction of the magnetic axis, whereas portions of the conductor constituting the second coil-end are arranged to implement an elevation between successive conductor turns of the coil portion so that the coil portion follows a helical path. The coil portions are connected in series so that the helical paths related to adjacent ones of the coil portions have opposite handedness.
H02K 3/24 - Enroulements caractérisés par la configuration, la forme ou le genre de construction du conducteur, p. ex. avec des conducteurs en barre avec des canaux ou des conduits pour un agent de refroidissement entre les conducteurs
H02K 15/04 - Procédés ou appareils spécialement adaptés à la fabrication, l'assemblage, l'entretien ou la réparation des machines dynamo-électriques d'enroulements avant leur montage dans les machines
34.
A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT OF SALINE WATER
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Mänttäri, Mika
Arola, Kimmo
Kallioinen, Mari
Abrégé
The present invention relates to the field of treatment of water, process water, wastewater, sewage or sludge, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for treatment of saline water. An apparatus for treatment of saline water according to the present invention comprises a membrane module (12), (20), (40), (50), (60), said membrane module (12), (20), (40), (50), (60) comprising: a frame structure (21), (22), (23), an input for incoming water (11), (104), an at least one membrane (24), (26) for filtering the incoming water (11), (104), and an output for purified water (13), (235), (236), in which said membrane module (12), (20), (40), (50), (60) of said apparatus comprises an at least one blade (25), (27) or disk arranged close to a surface of said at least one membrane (24), (26), wherein said apparatus further comprises a motor (15) arranged to rotate one of said at least one blade (25), (27) or disk or said at least one membrane (24), (26), wherein said frame structure (21), (22), (23) comprises an output for recovering (36) concentrated stream (14) containing crystallized particles (17) from outer periphery of said frame structure (21), (22), (23), and wherein said output for purified water (13), (235), (236) is arranged in the direction of the tangent of the outer periphery of said frame structure (23) or at an acute angle α in relation to the tangent of the outer periphery of said frame structure (23).
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
B01D 29/64 - Régénération de la substance filtrante dans le filtre par des racloirs, des brosses ou des dispositifs analogues agissant sur le côté de l'élément filtrant où se trouve le gâteau
B01D 33/37 - Filtres avec éléments filtrants mobiles au cours de l'opération de filtration avec plusieurs éléments de filtration caractérisés par leur agencement relatif montés en parallèle
B01D 33/68 - Manipulation du gâteau de filtration dans le filtre pour des raisons autres que la régénération pour retarder le dépôt du gâteau sur le filtre pendant la filtration, p. ex. en utilisant des agitateurs
B01D 63/16 - Modules rotatifs, vibrants ou à mouvement alternatif
B01D 65/08 - Prévention de l'encrassement de la membrane ou de la polarisation par concentration
B01D 29/74 - Régénération de la substance filtrante dans le filtre par des forces générées par un mouvement de l'élément filtrant mettant en jeu la force centrifuge
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Semken, Robert Scott
Abrégé
:A rotor for a permanent magnet machine comprises a rotor core structure (101) and permanent magnet elements (102, 103) placed on support surfaces of the rotor core structure. The rotor core structure comprises protrusions (104-106) between adjacent ones of the support surfaces so that the permanent magnet elements are between the protrusions and mechanically supported by the protrusions in the circumferential direction. The protrusions have grooves (107) on surfaces facing towards the permanent magnet elements, and the permanent magnet elements have grooves on surfaces substantially perpendicular to the support surfaces. The rotor comprises locking elements (109) located partially in the grooves of the protrusions and partially in the grooves of the permanent magnet elements so that the locking elements are arranged to lock the permanent magnet elements to the rotor core structure.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
TEKNOLOGIAN TUTKIMUSKESKUS VTT OY (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Nygren, Lauri
Lana, Andrey
Ahola, Jero
Ruuskanen, Vesa
Pitkänen, Juha-Pekka
Abrégé
of the disclosure:A power converter for a bioelectrochemical system comprises first converters (102-104) each comprising a direct current terminal (105) for supplying electric current via electrodes of the bioelectrochemical system, and a second converter (106) for supplying energy to the first converters from an external electric power grid. Each first converter comprises an electric element (107) for receiving energy from the second converter and a circuitry (108) for converting voltage of the electric element into electrolysis voltage suitable for the bioelectrochemical system. The electric element can be a secondary winding of a transformer or a direct voltage energy storage. Each first converter is galvanically isolated from the other first converters at least when the first mentioned first converter supplies energy to the bioelectrochemical system. Thus, each first converter drives its own electrode pairwithout disturbing the other first converters.
H02M 5/02 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant alternatif en une puissance de sortie en courant alternatif, p. ex. pour changement de la tension, pour changement de la fréquence, pour changement du nombre de phases sans transformation intermédiaire en courant continu
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
C12M 1/42 - Appareils pour le traitement de micro-organismes ou d'enzymes au moyen d'énergie électrique ou ondulatoire, p. ex. magnétisme, ondes sonores
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Pyrhönen, Juha
Di, Chong
Petrov, Ilya
Abrégé
An electric machine element (101) comprises a core structure (102) and a double-layer multiphase-winding each phase of which has two winding-portions. The double-layer multiphase-winding has sections where a part of coil-sides (110) belonging to a same winding-portion and located in adjacent slots are on an upper layer whereas the rest of these coil-sides (110) are on a lower layer. This arrangement facilitates the manufacture of the double-layer multiphase-winding compared to a traditional double-layer multiphase-winding. In each phase, the winding-portions are similar to each other. Thus, circulating currents between the winding-portions can be small in cases where the winding-portions are connected in parallel.
H02K 3/12 - Enroulements caractérisés par la configuration, la forme ou le genre de construction du conducteur, p. ex. avec des conducteurs en barre disposés dans des encoches
H02K 3/28 - Schémas d'enroulements ou de connexions entre enroulements
H02K 3/22 - Enroulements caractérisés par la configuration, la forme ou le genre de construction du conducteur, p. ex. avec des conducteurs en barre formés de conducteurs creux
38.
A STATOR OF AN ELECTRIC MACHINE AND AN ELECTRIC MACHINE
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Petrov, Ilya
Pyrhönen, Juha
Abrégé
:A stator of an electric machine comprises a stator core structure (101) and a stator winding comprising a plurality of stator coils (102a-102f) mechanically supported by the stator core structure. Each stator coil comprises electrical conductors and a cooling tube (103) for conducting cooling fluid in the longitudinal direction of the electrical conductors. The stator comprises cooling elements (104a-104c) having heat-conductive mechanical contacts with the stator core structure. The cooling elements comprise channels for conducting the cooling fluid, and the cooling tubes of the stator coils are connected to each other via the cooling elements. The cooling elements transfer heat caused by iron losses from the stator core structure to the cooling fluid. Furthermore, the cooling elements act as manifolds for conducting the cooling fluid between the cooling tubes of the stator coils.
H02K 1/20 - Parties fixes du circuit magnétique avec des canaux ou des conduits pour l'écoulement d'un agent de refroidissement
H02K 3/24 - Enroulements caractérisés par la configuration, la forme ou le genre de construction du conducteur, p. ex. avec des conducteurs en barre avec des canaux ou des conduits pour un agent de refroidissement entre les conducteurs
H02K 9/19 - Dispositions de refroidissement ou de ventilation pour machines avec enveloppe fermée et circuit fermé de refroidissement utilisant un agent de refroidissement liquide, p. ex. de l'huile
H02K 9/22 - Dispositions de refroidissement ou de ventilation par un matériau solide conducteur de la chaleur s'encastrant dans, ou mis en contact avec, le stator ou le rotor, p. ex. des ponts de chaleur
H02K 3/22 - Enroulements caractérisés par la configuration, la forme ou le genre de construction du conducteur, p. ex. avec des conducteurs en barre formés de conducteurs creux
39.
A ROTOR OF A SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE MACHINE AND A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Pyrhönen, Juha
Sopanen, Jussi
Abrégé
A rotor for a synchronous reluctance machine comprises a first layered structure (202) having ferromagnetic sheets (204, 205) stacked in a direction of a quadrature (q) axis of the rotor and being separated from each other by layers (206, 207) of non-ferromagnetic material, a second layered structure (203) similar to the first layered structure, and a ferromagnetic center part (208) between the first and second layered structures in the direction of the quadrature axis and attached to the first and second layered structures. The ferromagnetic center part is a single piece of ferromagnetic material that is wider in a direction of the direct (d) axis of the rotor than in the direction of the quadrature axis. The width of the ferromagnetic center part in the direction of the quadrature axis is greater than a thickness of each ferromagnetic sheet in order to improve the mechanical strength of the rotor.
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Kuisma, Mikko
Immonen, Antti
Levikari, Saku
Abrégé
An apparatus for producing information indicative of metabolic state of a metabolic energy system comprises a processing device (303) for receiving a signal that is indicative of a heat-flux generated by the metabolic energy system. The processing device is configured to maintain model data expressing relative contributions of the phosphagen system, the glycolytic system, and the aerobic system to muscular energy production as functions of time during physical loading of the metabolic energy system. The processing device is configured to form estimates for the energy production of the phosphagen system, the energy production of the glycolytic system, and the energy production of the aerobic system as functions of time and based on the model data and the signal indicative of the heat-flux. The estimates can be indicative of the instant metabolic state, and they can be utilized in physical training, weight control, and detection of metabolism-related health issues.
G06F 19/10 - Bio-informatique, c. à d. procédés ou systèmes pour le traitement de données génétiques ou se rapportant aux protéines en biologie moléculaire informatique (procédés in silico de criblage de bibliothèques chimiques virtuelles C40B 30/02;procédés mathématiques ou in silicio de création de bibliothèques chimiques virtuelles C40B 50/02)
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Kuisma, Mikko
Immonen, Antti
Levikari, Saku
Abrégé
A heat-flux sensor comprises first and second pieces (101, 102) made of different materials and arranged to constitute a contact junction for generating electromotive force in response to a temperature difference between the first and second pieces.The heat-flux sensor comprises a first electric conductor (103) connected to the first piece and a second electric conductor (104) connected to the second piece so that the electromotive force is detectable from between ends of the first and second electric conductors. The mass and the heat capacity of the second piece are significantly greater than those of the first piece so that a heat-flux across the contact junction causes a temperature difference between the first and second pieces but no significant temperature change in the second piece. Thus, the electromotive force caused by the temperature difference is indicative of the heat-flux.
G01K 7/08 - Mesure de la température basée sur l'utilisation d'éléments électriques ou magnétiques directement sensibles à la chaleur utilisant des éléments thermo-électriques, p. ex. des thermocouples l'objet à mesurer formant l'un des matériaux thermo-électriques, p. ex. du genre en pointe
42.
A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A GRADIENT HEAT-FLUX SENSOR
LAPPEENRANNAN-LAHDEN TEKNILLINEN YLIOPISTO LUT (Finlande)
Inventeur(s)
Kuisma, Mikko
Immonen, Antti
Levikari, Saku
Abrégé
A method for manufacturing a gradient heat-flux sensor comprises: depositing (101) a semiconductor layer on a planar surface, removing (102) material from the semiconductor layer so that mutually parallel semiconductor ridges having slanting sidewalls are formed, and filling (104) gaps between adjacent ones of the semiconductor ridges so that metal-semiconductor contact junctions are formed on the slanting sidewalls of the semiconductor ridges. Due to the metal-semiconductor contact junctions on the slanting sidewalls, the semiconductor ridges and the gap-fillers constitute an anisotropic multilayer structure for forming electromotive force in a direction perpendicular to the semiconductor ridges and parallel with the planar surface in response to a heat-flux through the anisotropic multilayer structure in a direction perpendicular to the planar surface.