A cylinder liner for providing reduced oil carry-over in an air-assisted fuel injection system comprising an air compression piston wherein the cylinder liner and air compression system together in part define an air compression chamber, the cylinder liner comprising: an outer surface; and a plurality of projections on the outer surface; wherein the plurality of projections are arranged such that oil-laden air drawn up from an oil reservoir around the outer surface of the cylinder liner is forced into a labyrinthine path to increase the time the oil-laden air is in contact with the outer surface and increase the amount of oil adhering to the outer surface to minimize the amount of oil carry-over entering the air compression chamber.
F02B 33/20 - Engines with reciprocating-piston pumpsEngines with crankcase pumps with reciprocating-piston pumps other than simple crankcase pumps with pumping-cylinder axis arranged at an angle to working-cylinder axis, e.g. at an angle of 90°
F01M 13/02 - Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
F02M 69/08 - Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus characterised by the fuel being carried by compressed air into main stream of combustion-air
A method of controlling an internal combustion engine of a UAV (100) where the engine (102) has a fuel delivery means (123) operable to deliver a fuel to a combustion chamber of the engine (102). The method comprises controlling the engine (102) through control of fuelling by way of the fuel delivery means (123). The control of fuelling includes the steps of determining whether the engine (102) is operating in a first condition; and determining a minimum fuelling requirement (FPCmin) for the engine (102). When the engine (102) is determined to be operating in the first condition, typically a windmilling condition, the minimum fuelling requirement is increased from FPCmin to FPCmin+ ΔFPCfirst.
F02D 41/18 - Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow
F02D 41/26 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
A cylinder liner for providing reduced oil carry-over in an air-assisted fuel injection system comprising an air compression piston wherein the cylinder liner and air compression system together in part define an air compression chamber, the cylinder liner comprising: an outer surface; and a plurality of projections on the outer surface; wherein the plurality of projections are arranged such that oil-laden air drawn up from an oil reservoir around the outer surface of the cylinder liner is forced into a labyrinthine path to increase the time the oil-laden air is in contact with the outer surface and increase the amount of oil adhering to the outer surface to minimise the amount of oil carry-over entering the air compression chamber.
A dual-fluid injection system for an internal combustion engine, and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) powered by an engine having the dual-fluid injection system. The dual-fluid injection system comprises a liquid fuel metering device and a fluid delivery device operating in tandem. A gas supply system comprising an air compressor and an air delivery path extending between the air compressor and the fluid delivery device is provided to supply pressurised air to the fluid delivery device. The gas supply system comprises an air compressor and an air delivery path extending between the air compressor and the fluid delivery device. A fuel supply system is adapted to deliver liquid fuel to the liquid fuel metering device. A fuel-air regulator is provided for regulating fuel pressure with reference to air pressure to establish and maintain a requisite pressure differential between the fuel pressure and the air pressure. The fuel-air regulator is located remotely from the fluid delivery device and more particularly in close proximity to the air compressor. In a preferred arrangement, the fuel-air regulator is mounted on or integrated with the air compressor or a part thereof.
B64C 39/02 - Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
B64U 50/11 - Propulsion using internal combustion piston engines
A compact muffler (40) for an engine exhaust system, which is particularly applicable for use with small, reciprocating piston two-stroke engines of the type used on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The compact muffler (40) comprises an exhaust gas flow path (67) between an inlet (61) and an outlet (63). The exhaust gas flow path (67) comprises a plurality of adjacent flow passages (65), wherein at least two of the adjacent flow passages (65) are fluidly connected in series to enable the flow of exhaust gas from one to the other along the flow path (67). The adjacent flow passages (65) are configured for fluid flow therealong in opposed directions. A bypass passage (70) is provided between the two adjacent flow passages (65) for further communication between the two flow passages and to promote an equalisation of fluid pressure within the two adjacent passages (65). A UAV having an internal combustion engine (31) fitted with an exhaust system comprising the compact muffler (40) is also disclosed.
F02K 1/34 - Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzleJet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow for attenuating noise
B64D 33/04 - Arrangement in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of exhaust outlets or jet pipes
F01N 1/08 - Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
B64U 20/20 - Constructional aspects of UAVs for noise reduction
B64U 50/11 - Propulsion using internal combustion piston engines
A muffler (40) devised particularly for use with an engine of the type used on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and a UAV (10) having an engine (30) fitted with the muffler (40). The muffler (40) comprises a body (51) having an interior chamber (60). The muffler body (51) has a first end section (53) and a second end section (55). The first end section (51) is adapted for mounting onto the engine (31) by way of a first mount (81), with the interior chamber (60) in communication with an exhaust outlet of the engine (31) to receive exhaust flow therefrom. The second end section (53) is adapted to be mounted by way of a second mount (82) in a manner resisting movement with respect to the engine (31). In one arrangement, the second mount (82) is configured to yieldingly resist movement with respect to the engine (30). In another arrangement, the second mount (82) is configured to mount the second end section (55) under a preload resisting movement of the second end section with respect to the engine (30).
B64D 27/04 - Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of piston type
B64C 39/02 - Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
F01N 1/02 - Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
F01N 13/18 - Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly or disassembly
F02K 1/34 - Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzleJet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto using fluid jets to influence the jet flow for attenuating noise
B64U 50/11 - Propulsion using internal combustion piston engines
A compact muffler (40) for an engine exhaust system, which is particularly applicable for use with small, reciprocating piston two-stroke engines of the type used on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The compact muffler (40) comprises an exhaust gas flow path (67) between an inlet (61) and an outlet (63). The exhaust gas flow path (67) comprises a plurality of adjacent flow passages (65), wherein at least two of the adjacent flow passages (65) are fluidly connected in series to enable the flow of exhaust gas from one to the other along the flow path (67). The adjacent flow passages (65) are configured for fluid flow therealong in opposed directions. A bypass passage (70) is provided between the two adjacent flow passages (65) for further communication between the two flow passages and to promote an equalisation of fluid pressure within the two adjacent passages (65). A UAV having an internal combustion engine (31) fitted with an exhaust system comprising the compact muffler (40) is also disclosed.
F01N 1/08 - Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
F01N 1/12 - Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using spirally- or helically-shaped channels
A dual-fluid injection system (10) for an internal combustion engine, and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) powered by an engine having the dual-fluid injection system (10). The dual-fluid injection system (10) comprises a liquid fuel metering device (21) and a fluid delivery device (23) operating in tandem. A gas supply system (40) comprising an air compressor (43) and an air delivery path (41) extending between the air compressor (43) and the fluid delivery device (23) is provided to supply pressurised air to the fluid delivery device (23). The gas supply system (40) comprises an air compressor (43) and an air delivery path (41) extending between the air compressor (43) and the fluid delivery device (23). A fuel supply system (30) is adapted to deliver liquid fuel to the liquid fuel metering device (21). A fuel-air regulator (50) is provided for regulating fuel pressure with reference to air pressure to establish and maintain a requisite pressure differential between the fuel pressure and the air pressure. The fuel-air regulator (50) is located remotely from the fluid delivery device (21) and more particularly in close proximity to the air compressor (43). In a preferred arrangement, the fuel-air regulator (50) is mounted on or integrated with the air compressor (43) or a part thereof.
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
F02M 69/08 - Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus characterised by the fuel being carried by compressed air into main stream of combustion-air
F02D 7/02 - Controlling fuel injection where fuel is injected by compressed air
A muffler (40) devised particularly for use with an engine of the type used on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and a UAV (10) having an engine (30) fitted with the muffler (40). The muffler (40) comprises a body (51) having an interior chamber (60). The muffler body (51) has a first end section (53) and a second end section (55). The first end section (51) is adapted for mounting onto the engine (31) by way of a first mount (81), with the interior chamber (60) in communication with an exhaust outlet of the engine (31) to receive exhaust flow therefrom. The second end section (53) is adapted to be mounted by way of a second mount (82) in a manner resisting movement with respect to the engine (31). In one arrangement, the second mount (82) is configured to yieldingly resist movement with respect to the engine (30). In another arrangement, the second mount (82) is configured to mount the second end section (55) under a preload resisting movement of the second end section with respect to the engine (30).
A method of operating an internal combustion engine system having a fuel injection system including a fluid delivery means operable to deliver a fuel entrained in gas directly into a combustion chamber. The method comprises supplying pressurised gas to the fluid delivery means from a gas supply system, and regulating gas pressure in the gas supply system. The gas pressure in the gas supply system may be regulated during a lag period between commencement of engine cranking and the delivery of fuel at a requisite fuel pressure to the fuel injection system. Regulating gas pressure in the gas supply system comprises opening the fluid delivery means to selectively allow gas to pass into the combustion chamber to relieve pressure in the gas supply system. Optionally, regulating gas pressure in the gas supply system may also comprise opening the fluid delivery means to selectively allow pressurised gas to flow from the combustion chamber to the gas supply system so as to pressurise the gas supply system.
F02M 69/08 - Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus characterised by the fuel being carried by compressed air into main stream of combustion-air
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
Disclosed is a method of controlling an internal combustion engine (102) of a UAV (100), and also disclosed is a UAV engine system (101). The engine (102) has a fuel delivery means (123) operable to deliver a fuel to a combustion chamber of the engine, and an air flow control means (107) for regulating air flow to the combustion chamber. The method comprises controlling the engine (102) through control of fuelling by way of the fuel delivery means (123) independently of the air flow control means (107), including determining a fuelling requirement for the engine based on a request from a flight control system, and determining an air flow requirement based on or with reference to the fuelling requirement. This provides for fuel-led control of the engine system (101). Specifically, a fuelling requirement for the engine (102) is determined and implemented, and the corresponding air requirement is then determined contingent upon the fuelling requirement.
A control system and method relating to operation of an internal combustion engine, particularly an engine for powering an unmanned aerial vehicle. The engine has a combustion chamber and a throttle for regulating fluid flow to the combustion chamber, the throttle being operable under the control of an electronic control unit. With the control system and method there are first and second modes optionally available for operation of the engine. In the first mode the engine is operable at a throttle setting set by a request from a first remote controller (e.g. a ground-based controller) via a second on-board controller. In the second mode the engine is operable at a prescribed minimum throttle setting asserted by the electronic control unit which limits the authority of the on-board controller. The engine is caused to operate in the second mode if a particular throttle setting determined from a request of the remote controller is less than the prescribed minimum throttle setting.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Aircraft engines; Combustion engines for aircraft; Electric motors for aircraft; Engines for use in powering aircraft; Power transmissions for aircraft; Hydraulic valve actuators, hydraulic linear actuators; Airplane engine parts, namely, hydraulic controls for engines; Hydraulic engines and motors; Internal combustion motors other than for land vehicles; electric motors for machines; Parts of engines or motors, namely, fuel injection systems, fuel and air injectors, fuel and air regulators, exhaust systems, mufflers, air intake systems, air throttle mechanisms, fuel and oil pumps, air compressors, combustion chambers and ignition devices; Pumps as parts of machines, engines or motors; Engine fuel pumps; Oil pressure pumps for use in motors and engines; Speed controllers for machines, engines and motors except for land vehicles, namely, engine speed governors; Actuators for mechanisms, namely, linear actuators other than for land vehicles and pneumatic linear actuators other than for land vehicles; Actuators for valves, namely, pneumatic valve actuators and hydraulic valve actuators; Electric propulsion mechanisms for air vehicles, namely, electric motors, not for land vehicles; Propulsion mechanisms, other than for land vehicles, namely, electric motors, not for land vehicles; Spark plugs; Injectors, namely, air injectors, fuel injectors, and gas delivery injectors; Air compressors; Pumps for machines Apparatus for the remote control of aircraft, namely, aircraft flight controllers and avionics controllers; Apparatus for the control of power supply to electrically driven motors, namely, power distribution control circuits, voltage and current control circuits, and power regulation circuits; Apparatus for the control of unmanned flying objects, namely, aircraft flight controllers and avionics controllers; Electronic control system for engines; Electronic controls for motors; Electric controllers; Electric speed controllers; Electronic circuits; Electronic control circuits for engine speed and torque control; Electronic control systems for engines and machines; Recorded computer embedded software or firmware for facilitating engine operation including the control of engine actuators and sensors; Recorded computer software that is embedded in computer memory for use in controlling machines; Recorded electronic device software drivers embedded in computer memory that allow computer hardware and electronic devices to communicate with each other; Electric circuit control devices, namely, switches, relays and solenoids; Encoders; Sensors for use in the control of motors, namely, engine temperature sensors, fuel pressure sensors, air pressure sensors, oil pressure sensors, vehicle speed sensors, engine speed sensors, cylinder head temperature sensors, crank angle position sensors, knock sensors, and ambient condition sensors for measuring ambient temperature, pressure and humidity; Sensors for use in the control of motors, namely, engine temperature sensors, fuel pressure sensors, air pressure sensors, oil pressure sensors, vehicle speed sensors, engine speed sensors, cylinder head temperature sensors, crank angle position sensors, knock sensors, and ambient condition sensors for measuring ambient temperature, pressure and humidity; Electromagnetic solenoids in the nature of coils and valves,; Electric switches; Electric actuators; Computerized vehicle engine analysers; Engine diagnostic apparatus, namely, computerized vehicle engine analyzers, engine diagnostic instruments with recorded software for scanning, determining, communicating and altering various engine operating conditions and settings Maintenance and repair of aircraft engines; Maintenance, installation and repair of electrical items and equipment, namely, fuel injection systems, engine intake and exhaust systems, fuel and oil control and delivery devices, engine management controllers and engine control systems; Technical support services, namely, providing technical advice in the field of aircraft engine maintenance, overhaul and repair; Rebuilding of aircraft engines that have been worn or partially destroyed; Repair of parts of aircraft engines Development of engines, namely, combustion engine systems design services and electric motor systems design services; Product research and development; Research relating to mechanical engineering; Engineering design services; Electrical engineering services; Mechanical engineering services; Industrial research in the field of aircraft and aviation; Engineering services, namely, engineering for the aircraft and aviation industry; Technical consulting in the field of aerospace engineering; Scientific research into the development of new products
14.
Control method and related system for engine operation
A method and system for controlling operation of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle (such as a remotely operable unmanned aerial vehicle) to perform or implement a control strategy for controlling operation of the engine. The method and system comprises providing first and second modes optionally available for operating the engine, and changing operation of the engine from the first mode of operation to the second mode of operation following a determination that a characteristic of the operation of the engine (such as engine speed) has been requested to be modified to beyond a predetermined threshold or level. The method and system further comprises reverting control of operation of the engine from the second mode to the first mode once the requested characteristic is no longer beyond the predetermined threshold or level.
F02D 29/02 - Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehiclesControlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving variable-pitch propellers
B64D 31/06 - Initiating means actuated automatically
F02D 41/22 - Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
A dual fluid injection system which comprises a liquid fuel metering device, a fluid delivery device, and apparatus providing an interface therebetween. The interface conveys liquid fuel along a flow path from the metering device to a mixing zone for mixing with air from a pressurized supply to provide an air-fuel mixture for injection by the fluid delivery device into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The flow path may involve a directional change by way of a turn section. The flow path is sized such that liquid fuel is retained therein by virtue of capillary action, whereby a quantity of liquid fuel is retained after a delivery event such that the flow path remains substantially filled with liquid fuel in readiness for the next delivery event during operation of the engine.
F02M 55/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means
F02M 61/14 - Arrangements of injectors with respect to enginesMounting of injectors
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
F02M 69/16 - Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of injectors
F02M 19/03 - Fuel atomising nozzlesArrangement of emulsifying air conduits
F02M 71/00 - Combinations of carburettors and low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus
F02M 57/00 - Fuel injectors combined or associated with other devices
A method of operating an internal combustion engine system (10) having a fuel injection system (16) including a fluid delivery means (72) operable to deliver a fuel entrained in gas directly into a combustion chamber (26). The method comprises supplying pressurised gas to the fluid delivery means (72) from a gas supply system (90), and regulating gas pressure in the gas supply system (90). The gas pressure in the gas supply system (90) may be regulated during a lag period between commencement of engine cranking and the delivery of fuel at a requisite fuel pressure to the fuel injection system (16). Regulating gas pressure in the gas supply system (90) comprises opening the fluid delivery means (72) to selectively allow gas to pass into the combustion chamber (26) to relieve pressure in the gas supply system (90). Optionally, regulating gas pressure in the gas supply system (90) may also comprise opening the fluid delivery means (72) to selectively allow pressurised gas to flow from the combustion chamber (26) to the gas supply system so as to pressurise the gas supply system (90).
F02D 7/02 - Controlling fuel injection where fuel is injected by compressed air
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
F02M 69/08 - Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus characterised by the fuel being carried by compressed air into main stream of combustion-air
A muffler devised particularly for a small, reciprocating-piston two-stroke internal combustion engine of the type used on unmanned aerial vehicles. The muffler comprises a body incorporating an inlet, an outlet, and a plurality of chambers for exhaust gas flow from the inlet to the outlet. The body is configured to present a compact profile for installation on the engine. The chambers are so configured that adjacent chambers communicate to facilitate exhaust gas flow from the inlet to the outlet via flow passages. The various chambers comprise an inner chamber, an outer chamber, and one or more intervening chambers disposed between the inner and outer chambers. The various chambers are disposed one about another in annular formation. This arrangement creates a long flow path from the inlet to the outlet incorporating various directional changes.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Aircraft engines; combustion engines for aircraft; electric motors for aircraft; engines for use in powering aircraft; power transmissions for aircraft; hydraulic valve actuators and hydraulic linear actuators; hydraulic control systems for engines, other than for vehicles; hydraulic engines and motors; internal combustion motors other than for land vehicles; electric motors for machines; parts of motors and engines for vehicles and apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water, and accessories for use therewith, namely, fuel systems comprised of fuel metering injectors and in-cylinder fuel injectors, compressors as part of machines, motors and engines, engine power boosting systems comprised of an electronic fuel injection module, compressors for engines, pumps being parts of motors and engines, jet pumps being parts of motors and engines, tanks and reservoirs for liquids being parts of motors and engines in the nature of oil tanks and fuel tanks, oil filters, fuel filters and air filters being parts of motors and engines, oil tank breathers, fuel tank breathers and crankcase breathers being parts of motors and engines, regulators being parts of motors and engines, cylinder head engine blocks being parts of motors and engines, combustion chambers being parts of motors and engines, engine exhaust systems comprised of pipes, collectors and mufflers, turbochargers being parts of motors and engines; pumps as parts of machines, engines or motors; mechanical motor control apparatus, namely, speed controllers for machines, engines and motors; parts of engines, namely, fuel pumps, oil pumps, jet pumps, mechanical speed controllers, pneumatic and hydraulic valve actuators, air injectors, fuel injectors, air compressors, air regulators, fuel regulators, all for use on engines for aircraft; Actuators for mechanisms, namely, linear actuators, hydraulic actuators for valves, namely, pneumatic valve actuators, mechanical valve actuators; electrical power generation systems for propulsion in air vehicles, namely, electric motors for air vehicles, electric ducted fans for air vehicles, and hydraulic power units for air vehicles; electrical power generation systems other than for land vehicles, namely, watercraft motors, aircraft motors, electric engines not for land vehicles, electric ducted fans not for land vehicles, and hydraulic power units not for land vehicles; spark plugs; injectors for engines; air compressors; pumps as parts of machines, namely, fuel pumps for vehicles for locomotion by air or water, oil pumps for vehicles for locomotion by air or water; pumps for machines for the extraction of gases; pumps for machines for the extraction of liquids; pumps for machines for the extraction of vapour; pumps for cooling engines; apparatus for the control of power supply to electrically driven motors, namely, alternators; exhaust system emissions levels sensors being parts of internal combustion engines Aircraft landing guidance apparatus, namely, electric control panels; apparatus for the automatic control of aircraft, namely, cruise controls, autopilot, electronic engine control modules; apparatus for the directional control of aircraft, namely, electric control panels, electric propeller control apparatus; apparatus for the remote control of aircraft, namely, remote controllers; strategic telecommunication apparatus for aircraft, namely, telecommunications transmitters and receivers; aerial reconnaissance apparatus, namely, satellites, radar apparatus; apparatus for the control of power supply to electrically driven motors, namely, electric valve actuators, battery charging devices, and voltage regulators for electric power; apparatus for the control of unmanned flying objects, namely, remote controllers; electric control apparatus for controlling engines, namely, electrical power management apparatus in the nature of electrical power connectors; electric control apparatus for controlling motors, namely, electrical distribution systems in the nature of power distribution panels; electronic controllers for aircraft engines and motors; electronic speed controllers; electronic circuits; electronic control circuits for unmanned aerial vehicles, and aircraft; apparatus for checking flight parameters, namely, aircraft speed; software for data communication and translating and transmitting data between computer hardware and peripheral devices; electric circuit control devices, namely, electric circuit switches; encoders; electric or electronic sensors for tracking projectiles in flight; electric or electronic sensors for use in the control of engines; electric or electronic sensors for use in the control of motors; solenoids, namely, electromagnetic solenoids in the nature of coils, and valves; electric switch actuators; electric actuators; electrical actuators; electric monitoring control apparatus, namely, monitors for monitoring unmanned aerial vehicles and their operation; computerized vehicle engine analyzers; engine diagnostic apparatus, namely, computerized vehicle engine analyzers; engine diagnostic instruments, namely, computerized vehicle engine analyzers; controls for machines, motors and engines, namely, mechanical controls for motors Electrically powered aircraft; pilotless aircraft, namely, piston engine powered pilotless aircraft; unmanned aerial vehicles Airplane maintenance and repair; maintenance and repair of small engines, aircraft engines and combustion engines; maintenance, installation and repair of electrical items and equipment, namely, engine appliances; overhaul of small engines, aircraft engines and combustion engines; rebuilding small engines, aircraft engines and combustion engines that have been worn or partially destroyed; repair of parts of small engines, aircraft engines and combustion engines Development of aircraft, namely, development of aircraft systems control strategies and electronic aircraft systems controls software; development of engines, namely, development of engine controls strategies, engine control software, firmware, and electronic control engine hardware; research and development of products, namely, engines, engine parts and components, fuel systems, fuel system components, combustion systems, combustion system components, engine management systems, engine management system components, aircraft being unmanned aerial vehicles, and aircraft components; research relating to electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, fuel system engineering, control system engineering, propulsion systems engineering and aircraft engineering; design engineering in respect of engines, engine parts and components, fuel systems, fuel system components, combustion systems, combustion system components, engine management systems, engine management system components, aircraft being unmanned aerial vehicles, and aircraft components; electrical engineering services, namely, the design of electrical power systems, control strategies and electrical power systems software and firmware for others; mechanical engineering design services; research, engineering and technical consultancy for industry in the field of aeronautics, engine technology, and vehicle and aircraft propulsion systems; scientific research into the development of new products, namely, engines, engine parts and components, fuel systems, fuel system components, combustion systems, combustion system components, engine management systems, engine management system components, aircraft being unmanned aerial vehicles, and aircraft components
An unmanned aerial vehicle has an internal combustion engine, and a fuel and lubrication system comprising a fuelling system for fuelling the engine and a lubrication system for delivering lubricating oil to the engine. The fuelling system comprises a fuel reservoir from which fuel can be delivered to the engine. The fuel reservoir comprises a main tank and a header tank. The lubrication system comprises an oil tank. The oil tank is accommodated internally within the main tank to provide an integrated assembly. The arrangement provides for warming of lubrication oil for the UAV engine using several available heat sources. Further, the arrangement facilitates a configuration and layout intended to minimise or negate any undesirable moments of inertia for the UAV during flight as fuel and oil is consumed.
F01M 1/02 - Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
F02M 37/00 - Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatusArrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
A dual fluid injection system (10) which comprises a liquid fuel metering device (11), a fluid delivery device (13), and apparatus (15) providing an interface (20) therebetween. The interface (20) conveys liquid fuel received from the metering device (11) to a mixing zone (23) for mixing with air received from a pressurised supply to provide an air-fuel mixture for injection by the fluid delivery device (13) into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The interface (20) establishes a flow path (21) along which a metered quantity of liquid fuel can be transported and delivered into a mixing zone (23) for mixing with a volume of air to create the air-fuel mixture. The flow path (21) may involve a directional change by way of a turn section (25). The flow path (21) is sized such that liquid fuel is retained therein by virtue of capillary action, whereby a quantity of liquid fuel is retained after a delivery event such that the flow path (21) remains substantially filled with liquid fuel in readiness for the next delivery event during operation of the engine.
F02M 69/16 - Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of injectors
F02M 55/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means
F02M 61/14 - Arrangements of injectors with respect to enginesMounting of injectors
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
b) of the pulses of the square waveform (102) is derived from the crossing of the zero voltage value by consecutive sinusoidal waveforms A,B,C (e.g. Voltage (V) vs Time (t) or angular degrees). The square pulse waveform (102) is output (104) to a microcontroller (106) to create and output a pseudo crankshaft timing position signal (108) to be used by an ECU to determine ignition and fuel injection events in the event that the primary timing signal from the crankshaft position sensor (CPS) has failed. The signal (108) output to the ECU can have a missing pulse (116) (i.e. indicative of a TDC position of the engine crankshaft) as well as multiple square pulses (114) corresponding to the pulses of the initial square pulse waveform (102). The waveform signal (108) is therefore derived from the alternator waveform signal(s) and provides a pseudo crankshaft timing position signal in the event of failure of the primary or initial CPS signal.
b) ignition system to provide redundancy for ‘get you home’ capability should the primary ignition system fail. The secondary ignition provides a lower energy or shorter duration spark than the higher energy or longer duration sparking of the primary ignition system, and is retarded relative to primary sparking. Timing of the secondary sparking can be advanced in the event of primary sparking failure. Fuelling strategy can be shifted from a leaner stratified charge to a richer homogenous charge when relying just on the secondary ignition system for ignition. The secondary ignition system can be of a lower spark energy and/or duration than the primary ignition system, avoiding the cost, complexity and weight of replicating the primary ignition system, and to improve packaging within the engine housing, particularly within the limited payload and space limits of a UAV.
F02P 9/00 - Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
F02P 17/00 - Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjustingTesting of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
F02P 15/08 - Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups having multiple-spark ignition, i.e. ignition occurring simultaneously at different places in one engine cylinder or in two or more separate engine cylinders
A muffler (10) devised particularly for a small, reciprocating-piston two-stroke internal combustion engine of the type used on unmanned aerial vehicles. The muffler (10) comprises a body (11) incorporating an inlet (13), an outlet (15), and a plurality of chambers (17) for exhaust gas flow from the inlet to the outlet. The body (11) is configured to present a compact profile for installation on the engine. The chambers (17) are so configured that adjacent chambers communicate to facilitate exhaust gas flow from the inlet (13) to the outlet (15) via flow passages (50). The various chambers (17) comprise an inner chamber (31), an outer chamber (33), and one or more intervening chambers (35) disposed between the inner and outer chambers. The various chambers (17) are disposed one about another in annular formation. This arrangement creates a long flow path from the inlet (13) to the outlet (15) incorporating various directional changes.
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has an internal combustion engine (19), and a fuel and lubrication system comprising a fuelling system (21) for fuelling the engine (19) and a lubrication system (23) for delivering lubricating oil to the engine (19). The fuelling system (21) comprises a fuel reservoir (25) from which fuel can be delivered to the engine (19). The fuel reservoir (25) comprises a main tank (41) and a header tank (43). The lubrication system (23) comprises an oil tank (31). The oil tank (31) is accommodated internally within the main tank (41) to provide an integrated assembly (33). The arrangement provides for warming of lubrication oil for the UAV engine using several available heat sources. Further, the arrangement facilitates a configuration and layout intended to minimise or negate any undesirable moments of inertia for the UAV 0 during flight as fuel and oil is consumed.
A fuel rail assembly for direct injection of a gaseous fuel into an internal combustion engine comprises a fuel rail defining a flow passage for receiving gaseous fuel and a delivery injector for directly injecting fuel received from the fuel rail into a combustion chamber of the engine. The delivery injector is arranged having a selectively openable delivery port for delivery of gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber when the delivery port is in an open condition. The fuel rail assembly further comprises a valve operable so as to interrupt the flow of gaseous fuel to the delivery injector for delivery into the combustion chamber. A containment zone is defined between the valve and the delivery port when the delivery port is in a closed condition, whereby the containment zone is selected so as to be a prescribed volume.
Redundancy in engine timing position sensing maintains a UAV operational in the event of failure of a primary engine timing position sub-system. The redundancy avoids duplication of the primary crankshaft timing position sensing components, and avoids adding weight, cost and component complexity. Conditioned (square) waveform(s) (102) is/are created from respective sinusoidal waveform(s). Each consecutive leading edge (103a) and trailing edge (103b) of the pulses of the square waveform (102) is derived from the crossing of the zero voltage value by consecutive sinusoidal waveforms A,B,C (e.g. Voltage (V) vs Time (t) or angular degrees). The square pulse waveform (102) is output (104) to a microcontroller (106) to create and output a pseudo crankshaft timing position signal (108) to be used by an ECU to determine ignition and fuel injection events in the event that the primary timing signal from the crankshaft position sensor (CPS) has failed. The signal (108) output to the ECU can have a missing pulse (116) (i.e. indicative of a TDC position of the engine crankshaft) as well as multiple square pulses (114) corresponding to the pulses of the initial square pulse waveform (102). The waveform signal (108) is therefore derived from the alternator waveform signal(s) and provides a pseudo crankshaft timing position signal in the event of failure of the primary or initial CPS signal.
The ignition system (10) of an engine (particularly for a UAV) has a primary (10a), and a secondary (10b) ignition system to provide redundancy for 'get you home' capability should the primary ignition system fail. The secondary ignition provides a lower energy or shorter duration spark than the higher energy or longer duration sparking of the primary ignition system, and is retarded relative to primary sparking. Timing of the secondary sparking can be advanced in the event of primary sparking failure. Fuelling strategy can be shifted from a leaner stratified charge to a richer homogenous charge when relying just on the secondary ignition system for ignition. The secondary ignition system can be of a lower spark energy and/or duration than the primary ignition system, avoiding the cost, complexity and weight of replicating the primary ignition system, and to improve packaging within the engine housing, particularly within the limited payload and space limits of a UAV.
A system and method for delivering lubrication oil to an internal combustion engine. The engine lubrication system (10) comprises a lubrication oil reservoir (13), a pump (15) to deliver lubrication oil to the engine from the reservoir (13), and a pressurization system (17) for pressurizing oil received by the pump from the reservoir for delivery to the engine. The pressurization establishes a positive pressure at the pump inlet to assist delivery of oil having entrained vapor cavities to the engine for lubrication thereof. The pump (15) comprises a solenoid actuated positive displacement pump, whereby operation of the pump may be selectively controlled by the manner in which the solenoid is operated. The engine lubrication system (10) further comprises a pressure release system (46) comprising pressure relief valve (47) for relieving excess fluid pressure within the oil reservoir (13).
For an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) engine, an exhaust gas temperature control method is provided during operation of the UAV engine to protect exhaust components, particularly lightweight aluminium components, from overheating or melting. The engine is operated with a leaner than stoichiometric air-fuel ratio during low or part engine load conditions. Transition to a richer than stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is made as engine load or engine speed, or both engine load and engine speed, increase(s). At sufficiently low engine loads, the air-fuel ratio can be maintained in a lean ratio region. As demand on the engine causes engine speed and load to increase, the amount of excess air available reduces. The ability to operate lean is reduced and the exhaust gas temperature increases as the mixture becomes richer. In order to obtain the demand power, and keep exhaust temperature below an exhaust gas temperature limit, the air-fuel ratio is transitioned to a richer than stoichiometric region. As engine load and speed demand decreases, the air-fuel ratio can be transitioned back to a leaner region.
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) engine (40) lubrication system and lubrication oil heating strategy uses a solenoid actuated electric oil pump (10,42) to deliver lubrication oil to the engine from a lubrication oil reservoir (12,44) by energizing and de-energizing the solenoid (18) to operate a pump mechanism of the electric oil pump. A controller (ECU) (100) can control operation of the electric oil pump, the solenoid maintained energized for a required period of time to cause heating of the oil without continuously pumping the oil. An electric oil pump control strategy can maintain engine speed dependent minimum oil delivery rates, can heat the electric oil pump and oil through extended energized (ON) time of the solenoid, and, by varying the turn on time of the electronic oil pump based on sensed ambient temperature, long time periods can be used to ensure oil delivery for cold temperatures, and shorter times are permitted when necessary in order to reach maximum oil flow rate.
There is provided a fluid injector comprising an injector body having a nozzle defining an outlet, a fluid path for fluid flow through the nozzle for delivery at the outlet, a valve for opening and closing the flow path with respect to fluid flow. The valve comprises a valve member and a valve seat, the valve member being movable into and out of sealing engagement with the valve seat for closing and opening the flow path with respect to fluid flow. The valve member and a portion of the nozzle surrounding the valve member together providing a flow restriction when the valve is in an open condition to control the flow rate of fluid to the outlet of the nozzle.
This disclosure describes a method of controlling operation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) having a flight control system comprising: a flight controller for implementing a flight control strategy; and an engine control unit interfaced with the flight controller for controlling engine operation. An engine speed target is set for the flight control system in response to one or more signals communicated by the flight controller to the engine control unit which controls engine operation to achieve the engine speed target by closed loop control over fueling without requiring throttle position control.
G06F 19/00 - Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications (specially adapted for specific functions G06F 17/00;data processing systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes G06Q;healthcare informatics G16H)
A fuel injection system (10) for delivering metered amounts fuel into the combustion chamber or cylinder of an engine. The fuel delivered can selectively comprise a gaseous fuel, a liquid fuel or a fuel mixture comprising the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel. When the fuel delivered comprises a mixture of the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel, the quantity of liquid fuel comprises a metered quantity. The quantity of gaseous fuel also comprises a metered quantity, with the metering of the gaseous fuel being regulated by prediction. The injection event involves delivering the liquid fuel and the gaseous fuel, with the metering of the gaseous fuel delivered being adjusted to allow for the quantity of liquid fuel delivered with the gaseous fuel. The injection system (10) comprises a liquid fuel circuit (11) and a gaseous fuel circuit (13), both communicating with a fuel delivery injector (15) that delivers fuel to the combustion chamber. The fuel injection system (10) further comprises an electronic control unit (ECU) for controlling operation of the fuel injection system (10). The ECU controls operation of the fuel delivery injector (15) and a fluid metering injector (31). The ECU determines the proportions of liquid fuel and gaseous fuel required to meet the fuelling demand. The ECU operates the fluid metering injector (31) to deliver the required quantity of liquid fuel into a holding chamber within the fuel delivery injector (15). The ECU also predicts the gaseous fuel flow required to deliver the necessary proportion of gaseous fuel and operates the fuel delivery injector (15) accordingly. In particular, the ECU refers to a “look-up” map or table to determine the operating parameters of the fuel delivery injector (15) to deliver the necessary quantity of gaseous fuel in conjunction with the metered quantity of liquid fuel.
F02D 19/06 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
F02D 19/08 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
F02D 41/00 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
An air cooling system for an unmanned aerial vehicle including a propeller (14) driven by an engine (12) has at least one cooling air duct (22) to direct cooling air to cool a vehicle component e.g. a cylinder head. The duct has at least one air inlet and at least one air outlet. Operation of the propeller causes a pressure differential between the air outlet (24,124) and the air inlet (23,123) which draws air through said cooling air duct (22). A cowling (16) can cover at least part of the engine, and can form a plenum and have the supply of cooling air through a front face aperture (164) or side walls (17) of the engine cowl (16).
A method for fuelling an internal combustion engine, and a fuel system (10) for delivering a variety of fuel types to the engine, with selected fuel types typically being chosen according to theft availability. The fuel system (10) can be configured to accommodate liquid fuels such as gasoline, ethanol or a blend thereof, and gaseous fuels such as CNG, LNG or LPG. The engine is configured to operate on any of the designated liquid fuels, and can switch between the liquid and gaseous fuels. The fuel system (10) includes a respective common delivery arrangement (11) for selectively delivering fuel into the combustion chamber of each cylinder of the engine. The common delivery arrangement (11) comprises at a fluid delivery device (12) and a liquid metering device (31) configured for operation in concert. The fluid delivery device (12) comprises a fluid delivery injector. Fuel is delivered to each combustion chamber is through the same fluid delivery device; that is, the same fluid delivery device (12) is used, regardless of the fuel type. More particularly, the fluid delivery device (12) can be used for delivery of gaseous fuel only, delivery of liquid fuel only (by way of an air assist delivery process), or delivery of a fuel mixture comprising the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel according to the fuelling requirements of the engine at any time.
F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
F02B 69/04 - Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in group Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
F02D 19/06 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
F02D 41/00 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
F02M 63/02 - Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injectorFuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectorsFuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
F02M 67/12 - Injectors peculiar thereto, e.g. of valveless type having valves
F02D 41/38 - Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
An ignition system (10) for an engine, the ignition system comprising a first circuit (12) comprising an energy storage device (24), a second circuit (14) for delivering energy to an electrostatic discharger (16), the second circuit (14) operably coupled to the first circuit (12) to receive energy therefrom, and a controller (30) operable to transition the system (10) between a first state and a second state by switching one or more components of a third circuit (34) out of or in to the first circuit (12), wherein on an ignition action when the system (10) is in the first state, an amount of energy is transferred from the first circuit (12) to the second circuit (14) and delivered to the electrostatic discharger (16) so as to produce an electrostatic discharge therefrom sufficient to ignite a combustible mixture in a corresponding combustion chamber, and on an ignition action when the system (10) is in the second state, energy of the first circuit (12) is decreased so that no energy is transferred from the first circuit (12) to the second circuit (14) or any energy that is transferred from the first circuit (12) to the second circuit (14) and delivered to the electrostatic discharger (16) is such that any electrostatic discharge produced therefrom is insufficient to ignite the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber.
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) engine (40) lubrication system and lubrication oil heating strategy uses a solenoid actuated electric oil pump (10,42) to deliver lubrication oil to the engine from a lubrication oil reservoir (12,44) by energising and de-energising the solenoid (18) to operate a pump mechanism of the electric oil pump. A controller (ECU) (100) can control operation of the electric oil pump, the solenoid maintained energised for a required period of time to cause heating of the oil without continuously pumping the oil. An electric oil pump control strategy can maintain engine speed dependent minimum oil delivery rates, can heat the electric oil pump and oil through extended energised (ON) time of the solenoid, and, by varying the turn on time of the electronic oil pump based on sensed ambient temperature, long time periods can be used to ensure oil delivery for cold temperatures, and shorter times are permitted when necessary in order to reach maximum oil flow rate.
For an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) engine, an exhaust gas temperature control method is provided during operation of the UAV engine to protect exhaust components, particularly lightweight aluminium components, from overheating or melting. The engine is operated with a leaner than stoichiometric air-fuel ratio during low or part engine load conditions. Transition to a richer than stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is made as engine load or engine speed, or both engine load and engine speed, increase(s). At sufficiently low engine loads, the air-fuel ratio can be maintained in a lean ratio region. As demand on the engine causes engine speed and load to increase, the amount of excess air available reduces. The ability to operate lean is reduced and the exhaust gas temperature increases as the mixture becomes richer. In order to obtain the demand power, and keep exhaust temperature below an exhaust gas temperature limit, the air- fuel ratio is transitioned to a richer than stoichiometric region. As engine load and speed demand decreases, the air-fuel ratio can be transitioned back to a leaner region.
F02D 29/00 - Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
A fuel injection system injector interface (10, 112, 210) has an inlet (12, 116, 212) to receive fuel injected from a nozzle of a fuel injector (100), an outlet (14, 118, 214), and a passage (16, 114, 216) connecting the inlet and the outlet. The passage includes a passage first portion (110) leading into the interface from the inlet and the inlet and outlet having different axial alignments whereby fuel injected by the fuel injector impinges at an acute angle a on a surface of the initial passage portion. The passage first portion may be inclined relative to the axis of the injector. A further embodiment comprises a fuel injection system fuel rail assembly (40) including a fuel injector (42) having an outlet end (44) and an inlet end (46), a fuel rail having an inlet body (48) arranged to receive at least a nozzle (50) of the fuel injector, a rear housing (52) to receive the inlet end of the fuel injector, and at least one seal (54) arranged to seal the fuel injector inlet and outlet ends in the respective inlet body and rear housing to prevent fuel leakage from around the fuel injector, and retaining means to retain the fuel injector inlet and outlet ends in the respective inlet body and rear housing.
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
F02M 61/14 - Arrangements of injectors with respect to enginesMounting of injectors
F02M 55/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means
A fuel injection assembly comprising a fuel injector (19) having an injection outlet (19) and a fuel rail (17) in which the fuel injector is adapted to be supported. The fuel injector (19) has a tip (37) having an end from which fuel issuing from the outlet of the fuel injector is discharged. The tip (37) is adapted for location in an injection port (21), the tip being of flexible construction to accommodate some misalignment between the fuel rail (17) and the injection port (21).
A method of operation of a dual fluid fuel injection system arranged to supply fuel to a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the dual fluid fuel injection system being controllable to effect fuel metering events and fuel delivery events. The method comprises operating the dual fluid fuel injection system so as to have at least one fuel delivery event during each engine cycle and to have fewer than one fuel metering event, on average, per engine cycle. An electronic control unit for implementing the method is also described. The method and control unit allow dynamic range of a fuel metering injector, where included within the dual fluid fuel injection system, to be extended.
F02M 67/12 - Injectors peculiar thereto, e.g. of valveless type having valves
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
F02D 19/08 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
F02D 41/24 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
F02D 41/00 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
A method for fuelling an internal combustion engine, and a fuel system for delivering a variety of fuel types to the engine, configured to accommodate liquid fuels such as gasoline, ethanol or a blend thereof, and gaseous fuels such as CNG, LNG or LPG. The engine is configured to operate on any of the designated liquid fuels, and can switch between the liquid and gaseous fuels. The fuel system includes a common delivery arrangement, for selectively delivering fuel into the combustion chamber of each cylinder of the engine, comprising a fluid delivery injector and a liquid metering device configured for operation in concert. The same common fluid delivery injector is used for delivery of gaseous fuel only, delivery of liquid fuel only (by way of an air assist delivery process), or delivery of a fuel mixture comprising the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel.
F02B 69/04 - Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in group Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
F02M 67/12 - Injectors peculiar thereto, e.g. of valveless type having valves
F02M 67/14 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type characterised by provisions for injecting different fuels, e.g. main fuel and readily self-igniting starting-fuel
A fuel injection system (10) for delivering metered amounts fuel into the combustion chamber or cylinder of an engine. The fuel delivered can selectively comprise a gaseous fuel, a liquid fuel or a fuel mixture comprising the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel. When the fuel delivered comprises a mixture of the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel, the quantity of liquid fuel comprises a metered quantity. The quantity of gaseous fuel also comprises a metered quantity, with the metering of the gaseous fuel being regulated by prediction. The injection event involves delivering the liquid fuel and the gaseous fuel, with the metering of the gaseous fuel delivered being adjusted to allow for the quantity of liquid fuel delivered with the gaseous fuel. The injection system (10) comprises a liquid fuel circuit (11) and a gaseous fuel circuit (13), both communicating with a fuel delivery injector (15) that delivers fuel to the combustion chamber. The fuel injection system (10) further comprises an electronic control unit (ECU) for controlling operation of the fuel injection system (10). The ECU controls operation of the fuel delivery injector (15) and a fluid metering injector (31). The ECU determines the proportions of liquid fuel and gaseous fuel required to meet the fuelling demand. The ECU operates the fluid metering injector (31) to deliver the required quantity of liquid fuel into a holding chamber within the fuel delivery injector (15). The ECU also predicts the gaseous fuel flow required to deliver the necessary proportion of gaseous fuel and operates the fuel delivery injector (15) accordingly. In particular, the ECU refers to a "look-up" map or table to determine the operating parameters of the fuel delivery injector (15) to deliver the necessary quantity of gaseous fuel in conjunction with the metered quantity of liquid fuel.
F02D 19/06 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
F02M 43/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
An engine control system (81) for inferring the composition of the gaseous fuel to compensate variations in the gas composition comprises an exhaust gas sensor (83) in communication with a flow path of the exhaust gas for measuring NOx emissions and Lambda in the exhaust gas at typically a full load condition. An engine control module (23) receives an indication of NOx emissions and Lambda in the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas sensor and references a suitable function, look-up table, or map to identify gaseous fuel composition from the parameters relating to the NOx emissions and Lambda in the exhaust gas received from the exhaust gas sensor. The measurement of each parameter (NOx emissions and Lambda in the exhaust gas) is then compared with the respective allowable range for that load condition and the timing of ignition of a combustible charge adjusted accordingly to provide compensation.
F02D 19/02 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
F02D 45/00 - Electrical control not provided for in groups
Conversion of an internal combustion engine fitted with a direct injection liquid fuel delivery system to a dual fuel system so that the engine can selectively operate on a primary liquid fuel or a secondary fuel. In a typical application, the primary liquid fuel comprises gasoline and the secondary fuel comprises a liquefied gaseous fuel such as LPG delivered to the engine in a liquid phase. The direct injection liquid fuel delivery system comprises a plurality of liquid fuel direct injectors (15) incorporated in a fuel rail (17) and operable in response to control signals received from an engine control unit (ECU), which is typically the OEM unit (21). The fuel rail (17) communicates with a liquid fuel supply line (13) to receive fuel delivery to the fuel injectors (15) and is fitted with a fuel pressure sensor (23). The conversion provides a dual fuel direct injection system (30) having a gaseous fuel supply (33) including a delivery line (35). The delivery line (35) communicates with a fuel selection valve (37) installed in the liquid fuel supply line (13). With this arrangement, either liquid fuel or a liquid phase of the gaseous fuel can be selectively delivered to the fuel rail (17) and the fuel injectors 15, according to the setting of the fuel selection valve 37. The conversion further involves installation of a supplementary control means in the form of a supplementary ECU (41) which operates in conjunction with the OEM ECU (21). The supplementary ECU (41) is configured to intercept signals from the pressure sensor (23) and to deliver a corresponding interception signal to the OEM ECU (21) to cause the OEM ECU to operate the fuel injectors (15) in a manner designated by supplementary ECU (41).
F02B 69/02 - Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in group Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel
F02D 41/00 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
F02M 45/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
F02M 67/14 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type characterised by provisions for injecting different fuels, e.g. main fuel and readily self-igniting starting-fuel
46.
METHOD OF CONTROLLING OPERATION OF AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
A method of controlling operation of an unmanned aerial vehicle having a flight control system (110) comprising: a flight controller (300) for implementing a flight control strategy; and an engine control unit (117) interfaced with said flight controller (300) for controlling engine (115) operation. An engine speed target is set for said flight control system in response to one or more signals communicated by said flight controller (300) to the engine control unit (117) which controls operation of engine (115) to achieve the engine speed target.
G05D 1/00 - Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
B64C 19/00 - Aircraft control not otherwise provided for
G01C 21/16 - NavigationNavigational instruments not provided for in groups by using measurement of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigatedDead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
47.
AN AIR COOLING SYSTEM FOR AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
An air cooling system for an unmanned aerial vehicle including a propeller (14) driven by an engine (12) has at least one cooling air duct (22) to direct cooling air to cool a vehicle component e.g. a cylinder head. The duct has at least one air inlet and at least one air outlet. Operation of the propeller causes a pressure differential between the air outlet (24,124) and the air inlet (23,123) which draws air through said cooling air duct (22). A cowling (16) can cover at least part of the engine, and can form a plenum and have the supply of cooling air through a front face aperture (164) or side walls (17) of the engine cowl (16).
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
[ Apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; blank magnetic data carriers and digital video recording discs; ] calculating machines, data processing equipment and computers; engine management systems for internal combustion engines, comprised of electronic control units, computer software for engine control strategies, and circuit drivers for use therewith; electronic engine speed controllers, engine position encoders, temperature sensors, electrical transducers, potentiometers, electrical switches, solenoid valves, electrical actuators, electric cables and cable connectors; diagnostic, calibration and other remote tools for engines, namely, graduation checkers; computer software for vehicle engine performance control strategies, diagnostics and calibration; software for vehicle engine performance control strategies, diagnostics and calibration for use with remote tools for engines; computer software for creating models and modelling tools for the simulation of components, controls and engines of [ land vehicles, ] aircraft [ and watercraft; charge storage devices, namely, batteries capacitors and fuel cells ]
A fuel injection assembly comprising a fuel injector (19) having an injection outlet (19) and a fuel rail (17) in which the fuel injector is adapted to be supported. The fuel injector (19) has a tip (37) having an end from which fuel issuing from the outlet of the fuel injector is discharged. The tip (37) is adapted for location in an injection port (21), the tip being of flexible construction to accommodate some misalignment between the fuel rail (17) and the injection port (21).
A method of controlling fuel injection timing for an internal combustion engine having a multi-fuel system operable with a first fuel, at least one further fuel or a mix of these, the method including intercepting angular position timing signals before said signals are used by an electronic control unit to effect fuel injection events for the first fuel, modifying the angular position timing signals if fuel supplied to the engine includes an amount of said further fuel, and utilising said modified angular position timing signals to determine revised injection timings for the fuel supplied to the engine, for example as a blend or mix.
F02D 19/10 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous
F02D 41/04 - Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
F02D 41/34 - Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
A method of operation of a dual fluid fuel injection system arranged to supply fuel to a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the dual fluid fuel injection system being controllable to effect fuel metering events and fuel delivery events. The method comprises operating the dual fluid fuel injection system so as to have at least one fuel delivery event during each engine cycle and to have fewer than one fuel metering event, on average, per engine cycle. An electronic control unit for implementing the method is also described. The method and control unit allow dynamic range of a fuel metering injector, where included within the dual fluid fuel injection system, to be extended.
A fuel injector (10) for liquid phase injection of liquefied gaseous fuels for combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injector (10) comprises a nozzle portion (15) having an end (30) from which gaseous fuel can be delivered through an outlet (21), the end (30) being configured to prevent or at least inhibit formation of ice thereon upon delivery of gaseous fuel through the outlet.
A gaseous fuel injection system (10) for delivering metered amounts of gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber of an engine, and also a method for injecting gaseous fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The gaseous fuel injection system (10) comprises a body structure (11) defining a holding chamber (13) from which a fluid mixture contained therein can be subsequently delivered by a delivery injector (15) into the combustion chamber. The delivery injector (15) has an inlet (16) communicating with the holding chamber (13) and an outlet (18) 'for communication with the combustion chamber. The holding chamber is adapted to receive a quantity of gaseous fu from a fuel source through an inlet port (17). The holding chamber (13) is also adapted to receive a metered quantity a supplementary gaseous fluid through a metering means (21).
F02D 19/02 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
F02B 43/00 - Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuelsPlants including such engines
F02D 19/06 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
A gaseous fuel direct injection fuel system (10) for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine of a vehicle comprises a fuel tank (13) for receiving a gaseous fuel, a fuel injector (20) calibrated for sonic flow and controlled by.an electronic control unit (ECU) which controls the duration of the opening of the injector (20), as well as the points in the engine operating cycle at which the injector (20) is opened and closed. The ECU receives input signals from various sensors providing information relating to the operating conditions of the engine and, driver demands and determines the differential pressure across a fuel injector (20) to ascertain the occurrence of a condition corresponding to sub-sonic flow therethrough, and operates the fuel injector as a function of the differential pressure during the occurrence of the sub-sonic flow condition to compensate for the, sub-sonic flow condition.
F02D 19/02 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
F02D 41/40 - Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
A method of vaporising fuel in a spark-ignition engine using the supply of heat into the cylinder to wholly or partly vaporise the fuel, the heat being supplied by operation of a spark plug. One or more engine conditions can be sensed, such as engine temperature, coolant temperature, the cumulative amount of fuel supplied, engine speed or the time elapsed since start-up, and the spark plug operated to supply heat in response to such condition(s). The heat can be supplied by operating the spark plug more than once in an engine cycle or by operating the spark plug to form a spark over a time period determined in response to the engine condition. An AC circuit can be used to produce a substantially continuous spark over a defined time period or suitable angular duration. The heat can be supplied by operating the spark plug prior to engine cranking, to generate heat in the cylinder at engine start-up. A method of reducing spark plug fouling is also disclosed. This method operates the spark plug outside the period required for fuel ignition in order to supply additional heat to the spark plug terminals. Heat can be supplied by operating the spark plug more than once in an engine cycle. Heat can be supplied by operating the spark plug so as to form a spark over a time period representing at least 90° of crank angle. An AC circuit can be used to produce a substantially continuous spark over a defined time period or a suitable angular duration. The heat energy supplied by the spark during a single engine cycle can be in the order of 1000m J. These methods can be applied to air-assisted direct fuel injection systems.
F02P 5/04 - Advancing or retarding electric ignition sparkControl therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
F02P 19/02 - Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal-combustion enginesCombination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
F02P 9/00 - Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
F02N 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
F02P 15/10 - Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups having continuous electric sparks
A gaseous fuel direct injection system (10) which comprises a primary fuel tank (13) for receiving a gaseous fuel such as LPG, and a secondary fuel tank for receiving a reserve fuel supply. The gaseous fuel is delivered to a fuel injector (23) connected to a fuel rail (15). Operation of the fuel injector (23) is controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU). As the gaseous fuel available in the primary fuel tank (13) depletes, the vapour pressure in the fuel rail (15) diminishes. The ECU is able to compensate for the reduced vapour pressure in the fuel rail (15) by increasing the duration of opening of the fuel injectors (23) as necessary in order to maintain delivery of a necessary mass of gaseous fuel by the fuel injector (23). However, at some stage the ECU can no longer compensate for the reduced fuel pressure, at which time it becomes necessary to switch the fuel supply from the primary tank (13) to the secondary fuel tank. The decaying pressure characteristic of the depleting gaseous fuel in the primary fuel tank (13) is utilised to recognise that stage and initiate the switch of the fuel supply to the secondary tank.
F02B 69/02 - Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in group Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel
F02M 43/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
F02D 19/06 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
F02M 45/12 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship providing a continuous delivery with variable pressure
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
Goods & Services
Valves, including air flow valves; igniters and spark plugs
for internal combustion engines; hot surface ignition
devices and diesel glow plugs; plasma and laser ignition
devices; combined ignition and injection devices; capacitive
discharge ignition circuits, inductive ignition circuits and
alternating current ignition circuits (for internal
combustion engines); ignition coils; starters for engines;
electric generators; alternators; antipollution devices for
internal combustion engines; catalytic converters; exhaust
gas recirculation systems and devices; pressure control
valves; engines and motors other than for land vehicles, and
parts and fittings therefor and accessories for use
therewith; outboard marine engines and personal watercraft
engines and parts and fittings therefor; carburettors; air
and fuel shaping devices for air injectors, fuel injectors
and combined air/fuel injectors; air and fuel regulators;
air and fuel supply rails; air and fuel storage components
and systems; engine cylinder heads; pistons; engine intake
and exhaust manifolds; engine intake and exhaust valves;
engine intake and exhaust valve actuators, including
components and systems to vary valve lift, lift duration and
lift phasing; fuel pumps; oil pumps; vapour separators;
vapour purge canisters; vapour purge valves; compressors and
boosting systems; fuel economisers for motors and engines;
throttle bodies; fuel reformers; internal combustion engines
for small capacity applications, including chain saws,
string trimmers, hedge trimmers and outdoor blower/vacuums;
igniters in the nature of spark plugs, hot surface ignition
devices, diesel glow plugs, plasma and laser ignition
devices and combined ignition and injection devices;
ignition systems including capacitive discharge ignition
systems, fittings and components therefor; starting systems
and apparatus therefor; electric alternators; all for use in
association with internal combustion engines; igniters in
the nature of spark plugs; canister vapour purge systems;
fuel mixture preparation, metering, delivery and injection
apparatus, as parts of motors and engines; emission control
apparatus; air flow valves, electric generators for use in
association with internal combustion engines; motors for
industrial and lawn and garden applications; engines and
motors for apparatus for locomotion by air or water; parts
of engines and motors for apparatus for vehicles and
apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water and
accessories for use therewith, including air and fuel
storage components and systems, compressors and boosting
systems. Scientific, nautical, surveying, electric, photographic,
optical, weighing, measuring, signalling, checking
(supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and
instruments; apparatus for recording, transmission or
reproduction of sound or images; magnetic data carriers and
recording discs; calculating machines, data processing
equipment and computers; fire-extinguishing apparatus;
engine management systems for internal combustion engines,
including electronic control units and software for control
strategies, and circuit drivers for use therewith; engine
speed encoders, engine position encoders, sensors,
transducers, potentiometers, switches, solenoids, actuators,
wiring harnesses, wiring looms (term considered too vague by
the International Bureau - Rule 13(2)(b) of the Common
Regulations under the Madrid Agreement and Protocol), cables
and connectors, diagnostic, calibration and other remote
tools (term considered too vague by the International Bureau
- Rule 13(2)(b) of the Common Regulations under the Madrid
Agreement and Protocol) for engines, software and control
strategies implemented thereby, and cartridges for use with
remote tools for engines (term considered too vague by the
International Bureau - Rule 13(2)(b) of the Common
Regulations under the Madrid Agreement and Protocol); models
and modelling tools for the simulation of components,
controls and engines (terms considered too vague by the
International Bureau - Rule 13(2)(b) of the Common
Regulations under the Madrid Agreement and Protocol); air
and fuel regulators (terms considered too vague by the
International Bureau - Rule 13(2)(b) of the Common
Regulations under the Madrid Agreement and Protocol); charge
storage devices (terms considered too vague by the
International Bureau - Rule 13(2)(b) of the Common
Regulations under the Madrid Agreement and Protocol); fuel
cells; fuel metering devices; oil metering devices. Vehicles and apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water;
vehicles using an internal combustion engine including
trucks, automobiles, motorcycles, all terrain vehicles,
snowmobiles, scooters, go-karts, boats and personal
watercraft; engines and motors for vehicles and apparatus
for locomotion by land.
58.
CONTROL OF CONTROLLED-AUTO-IGNITION (CAI) COMBUSTION PROCESS
A method for controlling controlled-auto-ignition operation in an eternal combustion engine is described. The method includes the injection of air into a combustion cylinder at an appropriate time in the combustion cycle in response to measured conditions. The injection of air acts to alter the CAI-phasing, thus providing the ability to extend the CAI operation further into a vehicle speed/load range.
F02B 11/00 - Engines characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition, e.g. in different cylinders
F02B 9/00 - Engines characterised by other types of ignition
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
Goods & Services
Valves, namely, air flow valves in the nature of throttle valves [ and PCV valves used as emission reduction units ] for motors and engines; ignition parts for internal combustion engines, namely, [ points and ] spark plugs for internal combustion engines; [ hot surface ignition devices for motors of land vehicles and diesel glow plugs; plasma and laser ignition devices for motors of land vehicles; combined ignition and fuel injection devices for motors of land vehicles; ] electronic ignition devices for vehicle internal combustion engines, namely, capacitive discharge ignition circuits, inductive ignition circuits and alternating current ignition circuits; electronic ignitions for vehicles, namely, ignition coils; starters for engines; electric generators; [ alternators for land vehicles; ] [ anti-pollution devices for internal combustion engines; catalytic converters; exhaust gas recirculation systems and devices for internal combustion engines, namely, exhaust air flow vane assemblies, emission reduction units for motors and engines, namely, EGR valves; ] engines and motors other than for land vehicles, and parts and fittings therefor and accessories for use therewith; [ outboard marine engines and personal watercraft engines and parts and fittings therefor; carburetors for internal combustion engines; fuel injector parts for land and water vehicle engines, namely, air and fuel delivery and shaping devices for air injectors, fuel injectors and combined air/fuel injectors; fuel injector parts for land and water vehicle engines, namely, air and fuel regulators; fuel injector parts for land and water vehicle engines, namely, air and fuel intake tubes; gas diverters consisting of a pump, storage and refilling tank, pre-heater, vaporizer, recuperation, condenser and valves; ] engine cylinder heads; pistons for internal combustion engines; vehicle engine intake and exhaust manifolds; [ intake and exhaust air flow vane assembly devices for use in an internal combustion engine; ] [ engine intake and exhaust pneumatic valve actuators; fuel pumps for land vehicles; oil pumps for land vehicles; vapor separating devices and vapor purge canisters, namely, carbon canisters and evaporative emissions control canisters; valves being parts of machines, namely, vapor purge valves; ] compressors as part of machines, motors and engines, engine power boosting systems comprised of electronic fuel injection modules; fuel economy maximizing devices for motors and engines, namely, electronic fuel injection modules; [ throttle bodies for land vehicles; ] fuel filters; [ internal combustion engines for small capacity machine operation, including chain saws, string trimmers, hedge trimmers and outdoor blower/vacuums; ] Internal combustion machine engine parts, namely, igniters in the nature of spark plugs, [ hot surface ignition devices, diesel engine glow plugs, plasma and laser ignition devices and combined ignition and fuel injection devices; ] ignition systems comprising capacitive discharge ignition parts, fittings and components therefore, namely, condensers, [ and points, ] starting motors, electric alternators; [ canister vapor purge systems, namely, evaporative emissions control devices; ] fuel mixture preparation, metering, delivery and injection apparatus, as parts of motors and engines, namely, electronic fuel injection modules; [ emission reduction control apparatus for motors and engines, namely, EGR valves; ] air flow valves, namely, intake and exhaust air flow vane assembly devices for use in an internal combustion engine, electric generators for use in association with internal combustion engines; [ motors other than for land vehicles, namely, for industrial and lawn and garden applications; ] engines and motors for apparatus for locomotion by air or water; parts of engines and motors for apparatus for vehicles and apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water and accessories for use therewith, namely, fuel systems comprised of fuel metering injectors and in-cylinder fuel injectors, compressors as part of machines, motors and engines, engine power boosting systems comprised of electronic fuel injection modules [ Apparatus for recording, transmission or reproduction of sound or images; blank magnetic data carriers and digital video recording discs; calculating machines, ] data processing equipment and computers; [ fire-extinguishing apparatus; ] engine management systems for internal combustion engines, comprised of electronic control units, computer software for engine control strategies, and circuit drivers for use therewith; electronic engine speed controllers, engine position encoders, temperature sensors, electrical transducers, potentiometers, electrical switches, solenoid valves, electrical actuators, electric cables and cable connectors, diagnostic, calibration and other remote tools for engines, namely, graduation checkers, computer software for vehicle engine performance control strategies, diagnostics and calibration, software for vehicle engine performance control strategies, diagnostics and calibration for use with remote tools for engines; [ computer software for creating models and modeling tools for the simulation of components, controls and engines of land vehicles; charge storage devices, namely, fuel cells ] [ Vehicles and apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water, namely, [ trains and airplanes, and land vehicles using an internal combustion engine, namely, medium goods and heavy goods truck vehicles, motorcycles, ] all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, scooters, [ go-carts, ] boats and personal watercraft, namely, personal jet boats; engines and motors for vehicles and apparatus for locomotion by land; all the foregoing excluding road going or on-road vehicles, namely, automobiles, passenger cars and light commercial vehicles having a gross vehicle weight not exceeding 6000 pounds ]
Disclosed is a fuel injection apparatus comprising a solenoid coil (40); an armature (41 ) coupled with a valve element (34) operable to open and close a fuel valve (32) when the solenoid coil (40) is selectively energized and de- energised with (current, the valve element (34) being biased to the closed position by a biasing means (42); and a control means (170) wherein the control means (170) energises the solenoid coil (40) to cause a magnetic force to move the armature (41 ) and valve element (34) to open the valve to an opening position to deliver fuel, the opening position being reached when the control means (170) calculates that forces urging opening of the valve balance with forces urging closure of the valve. Such control over opening position may be used to control fuel flow rate to a gas fuelled engine (20) and/or reduce noise vibration harshness in varied engirie types. Control, by balance of forces, on closing of the valve reduces or avoids impact of the valve element (34) with a physical stop (106), thus reducing engine noise. Such control may also be used in fuel metering.
A system and method for the direct injection of a gaseous fuel into an internal combustion engine. The gaseous fuel injection system (10) delivers metered amounts of gaseous fuel directly into the combustion chamber of an engine. The injection system (10) is configured as a 'two-stage' system, comprising a gaseous fuel metering means (12) and a delivery injector (14). The metering means (12) is arranged coaxially with the delivery injector (14) such that gaseous fuel metered thereby can be received by the delivery injector (14) for subsequent delivery to the engine. A holding chamber (16) is arranged intermediate of the metering means (12) and delivery injector (14). Operation of the engine (30) and the injection system (10) is controlled by an engine control means comprising a suitably programmed electronic control unit. The injection system (10) is configured to promote operation of the metering means (12) with a sonic flow during the gaseous fuel metering event. For this purpose, a region downstream of the metering means (12) and within the injection system (10) is configured and sized to promote operation of the metering means (12) with a sonic flow during the gaseous fuel metering event. Specifically, the metering means (12) and the delivery injector (14) are arranged and/or configured to ensure sonic flow through the metering means (12) when it is opened and is metering gaseous fuel. The delivery injector (14) may also be arranged and/or configured so as to promote sonic flow throughout a gaseous fuel delivery event. Typically, the holding chamber (16) is configured to be of a sufficient volume to ensure sonic flow throughout the metering event.
F02D 19/04 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with solid fuels, e.g. pulverised coal
F02D 41/40 - Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
Goods & Services
(1) Personal watercraft; engines; air and fuel injectors, air and fuel rail; air and fuel regulators; spark plugs; engine cylinder heads; pistons; fuel and oil pumps; compressors; inductive ignition systems; fuel mixture preparation, metering, delivery and injection apparatus; engine management systems namely electronic control units, software for use with electronic control units, circuit drivers and sensors for internal combustion engines.
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
Goods & Services
(1) Engines and motors not for land vehicles and mechanical parts therefor; air and fuel injectors and air and fuel rails for internal combustion engines; engines; engine cylinder heads; pistons; fuel and oil pumps for personal watercraft; fuel and oil metering devices for personal watercraft; marine engines namely personal watercraft engines; compressors; mechanical engine parts; personal watercraft engines.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Manufacturing of vehicle parts, namely engines and engine related components, to the order and specification of others, manufacturing air compressors to the order and specification of others, manufacturing of machine parts to the order and specification of others, namely machining parts for others, casting and fitting and turning of machine parts, milling, drilling, tapping, boring, reaming and honing of machine parts
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
engines and motors not for land vehicles and mechanical parts thereof, air and fuel injectors and air and fuel rails for internal combustion engines; emission reduction units for motors and [enignes] * engines* other than land vehicels, namely, catalytic converters, EGR systems and PCV valves; [ igniters in the nature of spark plugs for internal combustion engines; ] engine cylinder heads, pistons, engine intake and exhaust manifolds and exhaust valves; [ fuel and oil pumps for automobiles, motorcycles, scooters, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, personal watercraft, boats, and fuel and oil metering devices for automobiles, motorcycles, scooters, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, personal watercraft, boats; ] vapor separators;, [, namely, boat, and personal watercraft engines; ] compressors, electrical generators [ ; mechanical engine parts for automobiles, motorcycles, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, go-karts and scooters ] [ fuel metering apparatus for automobiles, motorcycles, scooters, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, personal watercraft, boats; ] air, fuel and voltage regulators for use with internal combustion engines; electrical controllers for engines and motors; computers; computer software for use in engine management; electronic controllers; electrical, measuring signalling and checking apparatus and instruments, namely, wiring harnesses, electrical connectors and fluid, electrical, rotational speed and temperature sensors; calculators, data processors, encoders and circuit boards [ ; management systems for automobiles, motorcycles, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, scooters, and marine engines composed of electronic control units, circuit drivers and sensors ] [ automobiles, motorcycles, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, scooters, boats and personal watercraft engines; engines for automobiles, motorcycles, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles and scooters ] scientific research; [ industrial research and development, testing and engineering consulting relating to reciprocating and rotary engines used in automobiles, and marine vehicles; ] computer programming; computer-aided engineering; mechanical and electrical drafting; calibration in the field of scientific analysis and manufacturing of mechanical devices; scientific, statistical and numerical analysis
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
ignition systems, namely, electronic ignition controllers [, ignition driver circuits, spark plugs, and ignition coils ] air, fuel and voltage regulators for use with internal combustion engines; electrical controllers for engines and motors; computers; computer software for use in engine management, therefore [ automotive, air and marine ] industrial research and development, computer aided engineering and modeling, mechanical and electrical drafting, calibration in the field of manufacturing and scientific analysis; numerical analysis systems for use in engineering fields, namely, computer hardware and computer software electronic controllers; electrical, measuring signalling and checking apparatus and instruments, namely, wiring looms, electrical connectors, and fluid, electrical, rotational speed and temperature sensors; calculators, data processors, encoders and circuit boards; [ automobile, motorcycle, all terrain vehicle, snowmobile, scooter, ] airplane, helicopter [ and marine ] engine management systems composed of electronic control units, circuit drivers and sensors sold as a unit manufacture of machines and equipment for the use in the engineering field to the order and specification of others, machining parts for others, [ casting, ]fitting and turning parts in the engineering field scientific research; [ automotive, ] air [ and marine ] industrial research, development for others, testing and consulting in engineering fields relating to reciprocating and rotary engines and components related thereto; computer programming for others; computer aided engineering; mechanical and electrical drafting; calibration of mechanical devices; scientific statistical and numerical analysis
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
Goods & Services
(1) Fuel injection equipment, namely injector nozzles and fuel metering equipment; vehicles and apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water, and using an internal combustion engine; anti-pollution equipment for land vehicles; engines and motors for land vehicles; fuel economizers for engines of land vehicles.
(2) Fuel injection equipment, namely injector nozzles and fuel metering equipment; engines and motors except for use in land vehicles and parts thereof; lawn-mowers, carburettors, carburettor feeders, fuel economizers and anti-pollution equipment for engines and motors other than for land vehicles, igniters for internal combustion engines, aeronautical engines, marine engines, control mechanisms for machines, engines or motors, atomizers, compressors, electric generators.
RECIPROCATING PISTON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, EXCEPT FOR USE IN LAND VEHICLES, AND PARTS THEREOF; FUEL INJECTION EQUIPMENT, NAMELY FUEL METERERS, FUEL CONTROL VALVES, FUEL INJECTORS, FUEL INJECTION ACTUATORS, FUEL INJECTION MODULATORS, INJECTOR NOZZLES, AND AIR METERERS; [ LAWN MOWERS; ] FUEL PUMPS; CARBURETORS FUEL ECONOMIZERS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, EXCEPT FOR USE IN LAND VEHICLES, NAMELY SWIRL VALVES FOR MOUNTING IN THE FUEL INDUCTION SYSTEM, FUEL CUT-OFFS, AND EXHAUST SYSTEM BACK-PRESSURE CONTROLS; EXHAUST EMISSION CONTROL DEVICES FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, EXCEPT FOR USE IN LAND VEHICLES, NAMELY CATALYTIC CONVERTERS, EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION VALVES, OXYGEN SENSORS, PUMPS FOR INTRODUCING AIR INTO EXHAUST GASES, AND WATER SPRAYS FOR WASHING EXHAUST GASES; AERONAUTICAL ENGINES; [ MARINE ENGINES; ] ATOMIZERS; AIR COMPRESSORS; GAS COMPRESSORS; ELECTRIC GENERATORS
