METHODS AND APPARATUS TO USE CLIENT-SERVER COMMUNICATIONS ACROSS INTERNET DOMAINS TO DETERMINE DISTRIBUTED DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION FOR MEDIA IMPRESSIONS
An example apparatus includes message generator circuitry to generate a first message for a first server of a first Internet domain in response to detecting a login event at a client device, the login event associated with an Internet-based service of a second Internet domain, the second Internet domain outside the first Internet domain, and a communication interface to receive a second message from the first server, the second message including a global unique identifier (GUID) and a login timestamp, the GUID identifying at least one of the client device or a user of the client device to the first Internet domain, the message generator circuitry to generate a third message including (a) the GUID, (b) a cookie identifier associated with the second Internet domain, and (c) the login timestamp, the third message to cause generation of an identifier-to-cookie map at a second server of the second Internet domain.
Example apparatus disclosed herein are to access first data entries from a first data source based on a first media identifier, the first data entries associated with first streaming media, respective ones of the first data entries including the first media identifier and corresponding timestamps that indicate when the first streaming media was presented or accessed via a group of media devices. Disclosed example apparatus are also to access second data entries from a second data source based on a keyword or phrase, the second data entries associated with news information or weather information. Disclosed example apparatus are further to align, based on the timestamps, the second data entries with values of a time varying audience of the first streaming media determined based on the first data entries to determine ratings data that correlates changes in the time varying audience with the news information or the weather information.
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to use station identification to enable confirmation of exposure to live media. Example apparatus disclosed herein include a watermark data segmenter to determine a media identifier conveyed by a watermark, a detection time determiner to determine a time at which a media meter detected the watermark from a media presentation by a media device, a reference identifier to query a library of reference signatures for a reference signature associated with the media identifier of the watermark and associated with a reference timestamp corresponding to the time at which the media meter detected the watermark, and a viewing type determiner to determine whether the media presentation is live or time-shifted based on whether a result of the query indicates the reference signature does not exist in the library of reference signatures.
Example meters disclosed herein include a user interface to accept user input in response to activation of a prompting indicator. Disclosed example meters also include a controller to control a light projector to project light onto a first projection area of a surface, the light projector activated in association with the activation of the prompting indicator. In some examples, the controller is also to control the light projector to project light onto a second projection area of the surface in response to expiration of a time period without receipt of any user input responsive the activation of the prompting indicator.
G08B 21/24 - Reminder alarms, e.g. anti-loss alarms
G06G 1/04 - Devices in which computing is effected by adding, subtracting, or comparing lengths of parallel or concentric graduated scales characterised by construction
H04H 60/45 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying users
H04N 21/422 - Input-only peripherals, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to detect a presence status. An example apparatus includes media identification circuitry to generate first signatures representative of first audio data associated with a monitored media device, a comparator to obtain second signatures from a portable meter, the second signatures representative of second audio data sensed by the portable meter and compare the first signatures and the second signatures to determine a comparison result, presence detection circuitry to determine a presence status of a user based on the comparison result, the user associated with the portable meter, and network communication circuitry to transmit the presence status to a data processor to perform audience measurement based on the presence status.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
Estimate streaming media program viewing per streaming platform source by identifying instances of streaming a particular media content from a set of media presentation environments; analyzing those instances of streaming the particular media content to determine one of multiple streaming platform sources associated with the particular media content based on an analysis of network traffic associated with the media presentation environments; and upon aggregating a threshold-satisfying set of such analyzed instances, determining a distribution of the particular media content viewing amongst the multiple streaming platform sources associated with the particular media content.
H04N 21/25 - Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication or learning user preferences for recommending movies
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
7.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO PERFORM SIGNATURE MATCHING USING NOISE CANCELLATION MODELS TO ACHIEVE CONSENSUS
Examples are disclosed to perform signature matching using noise cancellation models to achieve consensus. Example apparatus disclosed herein include a signature matcher to compare a first stream of monitored media signatures to streams of reference signatures representative of corresponding reference media to determine a first signature match, and compare a second stream of monitored media signatures to the streams of reference signatures to determine a second signature match; a match selector to use at least one the first signature match or the second signature match to identify a first one of the reference media corresponding to the monitored media data; and a creditor interface to output identification data for the first one of the reference media identified with the at least one the first signature match or the second signature match, the identification data to be used to credit a media exposure corresponding to the monitored media.
G10L 25/57 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination for processing of video signals
Methods, apparatus, and systems are disclosed to measure media consumption. An apparatus includes a memory, machine readable instructions, and processor circuitry to instantiate or execute the machine readable instructions to access a domain pattern signature representative of a request to obtain media, the domain pattern signature includes (a) a set of domain names and (b) one or more of a location of the request, a time of the request, or a characteristic of a device used to execute the request, compare the domain pattern signature to one or more reference signatures, determine a first reference signature includes (a) a matching set of domain names and (b) one or more of a matching location of the request, a matching time of the request, or a matching characteristic of the device used to execute the request, and credit the domain pattern signature with an Internet site associated with the first reference signature.
H04L 61/4511 - Network directoriesName-to-address mapping using standardised directoriesNetwork directoriesName-to-address mapping using standardised directory access protocols using domain name system [DNS]
9.
SIGNATURE MATCHING WITH METER DATA AGGREGATION FOR MEDIA IDENTIFICATION
In one example, a method is disclosed. The method includes, for each meter hash key of multiple meter hash keys generated from meter signatures in aggregated meter data: identifying a set of reference hash keys that match the meter hash key, and storing ones of the set of reference hash keys in respective data structures corresponding to media assets represented by the ones of the set of reference hash keys, where a first one of the data structures includes a sequence of reference hash keys that matches a corresponding sequence of meter hash keys. The method further includes: determining that the sequences of hash keys satisfy a validation criteria, and determining that the first one of the sequence of reference hash keys corresponds to a valid hash key match based on the determination that the sequences of hash keys satisfy the validation criteria.
Methods and apparatus to calibrate media ratings based on return path data are disclosed. An apparatus includes a processor and memory including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: determine an initial rating for the media provided in a first geographic area based on return path data (RPD) tuning information obtained from RPD devices in subscriber households in the first geographic area; determine a first panelist rating for the media provided in a second geographic area based on first panel tuning information obtained from first metering devices in a first subset of panelist households in the second geographic area; determine a nonsubscriber calibration factor based on the first panelist rating; and determine a final rating for the media in the first geographic area by modifying the initial rating based on the nonsubscriber calibration factor.
H04N 21/45 - Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies or resolving scheduling conflicts
H04H 20/00 - Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
H04H 60/51 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying locations of receiving stations
H04H 60/64 - Arrangements for services using the result of monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or for providing detail information
H04H 60/66 - Arrangements for services using the result of monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or for using the result on distributors' side
H04N 21/25 - Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication or learning user preferences for recommending movies
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/438 - Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/475 - End-user interface for inputting end-user data, e.g. PIN [Personal Identification Number] or preference data
H04N 21/658 - Transmission by the client directed to the server
11.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO ANALYZE AND ADJUST DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
A disclosed example includes accessing computer-generated impression records, the computer-generated impression records based on network communications received at a server of a database proprietor from client devices, the computer-generated impression records indicative of accesses to media at the client devices; accessing self-reported demographic data and behavioral data from a database of the database proprietor, the self-reported demographic data and the behavioral data corresponding to user accounts registered with the database proprietor and associated with the client devices; comparing the self-reported demographic data with a probability distribution of higher-accuracy demographic data; determining different adjustments for corresponding ones of self-reported demographics of the self-reported demographic data based on the comparison; adjusting the corresponding ones of the self-reported demographics based on corresponding ones of the different adjustments to generate adjusted user demographic data; and assigning the adjusted user demographic data to corresponding ones of the computer-generated impression records.
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to monitor media are disclosed. An example apparatus includes first means for performing a first mapping of a first media identifier and timestamp to a second media identifier in a look-up table (LUT), the first media identifier and timestamp based on media obtained from a server, the first media identifier to identify the media, means for determining a third media identifier and a second timestamp based on media monitoring information (MMI) obtained from the server, the MMI obtained from the server in response to an access of the media identified by the third media identifier by a media device, second means for performing a second mapping of the third media identifier and the second timestamp to the first media identifier and timestamp in the LUT, and means for crediting access of the media to the media device based on the second mapping.
H04H 60/31 - Arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services
H04H 60/40 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying broadcast time or space for identifying broadcast time
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/8352 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving content or source identification data, e.g. UMID [Unique Material Identifier]
H04N 21/8358 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving watermark
13.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO GENERATE AUDIENCE METRICS
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to generate audience metrics. An example apparatus includes online panel factor generator circuitry to generate an online panel adjustment factor based on television panel data and online panel data; over-the-top (OTT) factor generator circuitry to generate an OTT adjustment factor based on the television panel data and a portion of the online panel data, the portion of the online panel data corresponding to OTT panel data; independence probability factor generator circuitry to generate an independence probability adjustment factor; and a convergence circuitry to: generate an aggregated adjustment factor based on the online panel adjustment factor, the OTT adjustment factor, and the independence probability adjustment factor; and generate a deduplicated reach corresponding to a media item based on a comparison of the aggregated adjustment factor to historical data.
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/25 - Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication or learning user preferences for recommending movies
Methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to identify sources of network streaming services are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a coding format identifier to identify, from a received first audio signal representing a decompressed second audio signal, an audio compression configuration used to compress a third audio signal to form the second audio signal, and a source identifier to identify a source of the second audio signal based on the identified audio compression configuration.
G10L 19/008 - Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
G10L 19/00 - Speech or audio signal analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocodersCoding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
G10L 19/032 - Quantisation or dequantisation of spectral components
G10L 25/51 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination
H04H 20/82 - Wired systems using signals not modulated onto a carrier
H04H 20/95 - Arrangements characterised by special technical features of the broadcast information, e.g. signal form or information format characterised by a specific format, e.g. an encoded audio stream
H04H 60/31 - Arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services
H04H 60/58 - Arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or of audio
H04N 21/40 - Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of, or interaction with, content, e.g. STB [set-top-box]Operations thereof
An example method includes capturing, with a camera collocated with presented visual media content, an image of a person. Further, the example method includes obtaining, based the captured image, a rotational-data tuple representing a direction of gaze of the person in relation to a position of the camera, as depicted by the image. Still further, the example method includes providing, to a machine-learning model, the rotational data, the machine-learning model having been configured by training data that labels each of a plurality of test rotational-data tuples respectively with an indication of whether the test rotational-data tuple represents attentiveness or rather non-attentiveness. And the example method further includes obtaining, from the machine-learning model, based on the provided rotational-data tuple, a prediction of whether the person as depicted in the captured image was attentive to the presented visual media content or was rather non-attentive to the presented visual media content.
Example local devices disclosed herein include memory including a set of reference fingerprints corresponding to media, the set of reference fingerprints from a remote device different from the local device and one or more processor circuits to execute machine readable instructions to generate a monitored fingerprint of the media presented at a location and compare the monitored fingerprint to at least some of the set of reference fingerprints from the remote device. Additionally, the one or more processor circuits are to determine an amount of time that has passed since the media started and after a match between the monitored fingerprint and one or more reference fingerprints of the set of reference fingerprints, cause transmission of audience measurement information to identify the media, the audience measurement information including data indicative of the amount of time that has passed since the media started.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
G06F 16/14 - Details of searching files based on file metadata
G06F 16/48 - Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
H04H 20/14 - Arrangements for monitoring, testing or troubleshooting for monitoring programmes
H04H 60/56 - Arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/84 - Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
17.
METHODS, SYSTEMS, ARTICLES OF MANUFACTURE, AND APPARATUS TO ESTIMATE AUDIENCE POPULATION
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to estimate an audience population. An example apparatus includes at least one memory; instructions in the apparatus; and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to: determine whether respective ones of respondents are associated with a characteristic; detect unique instances of the respective ones of the respondents; in response to the respective ones of the respondents being associated with the characteristic, increase a sample capture count by one; in response to detecting the unique instances of the respective ones of the respondents exhibiting the characteristic, increase a unique capture count by one; determine a seed population estimate based on the unique capture count; and determine a population estimate having the characteristic based on the sample capture count, the unique capture count, the seed population estimate, and a number of available samples.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
G06Q 30/0201 - Market modellingMarket analysisCollecting market data
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
18.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO CREDIT USAGE OF MOBILE DEVICES
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to monitor mobile internet usage are disclosed. An example instructions cause one or more processors to at least determine that an application is operating in a background mode at a first identified time; and in response to identifying that the application is operating in the background mode at the first identified time, credit first media output by the application as background media during the first identified time; determine, that the application is operating in a foreground mode at a second identified time; and in response to identifying that the application is operating in the foreground mode at the second identified time, credit second media output by the application as foreground media during the second identified time.
Methods, systems, articles of manufacture and apparatus to privatize consumer data are disclosed. A disclosed example apparatus includes a consumer data acquirer to collect original data corresponding to (a) confidential information associated with consumers and (b) behavior information associated with the consumers, and a data obfuscator. The data obfuscator is to determine a degree to which the original data is to be obfuscated and a type of obfuscation to be applied to the original data based on the original data, generate obfuscation adjustments of the original data based on the degree and the type, and generate an obfuscation model based on the obfuscation adjustments.
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to create a reference signature asset from matched signature fragments are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein form a group of matched signature fragments corresponding to a same piece of media. Disclosed example apparatus also select a subset of matched signature fragments from the group to form a path of matched signature fragments that collectively represent a continuous segment of the piece of media, the continuous segment identified by a segment start time and a segment end time, the segment start time corresponding to a fragment start time associated with an initial matched signature fragment in the path, and the segment end time corresponding to a fragment end time associated with a last matched signature fragment in the path. Disclosed example apparatus further use the path to combine the subset of matched signature fragments and create a new reference signature asset.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/845 - Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
Methods and apparatus for identifying media are described. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus; and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to: determine application identification information for a media presentation application executing on a media device; determine a first watermark for the application identification information from a lookup table; request media identification information for media from the media presentation application; determine a second watermark for the media identification information from the lookup table; insert the first watermark in the media prior to output of the media by the media device; and insert the second watermark in the media prior to the output of the media by the media device.
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to reduce noise from harmonic noise sources. An example apparatus includes at least one memory; at least one processor to execute the computer readable instructions to at least: determine a first amplitude value of a frequency component in a frequency spectrum of an audio sample; determine a set of points in the frequency spectrum having at least one of (a) amplitude values within an amplitude threshold of the first amplitude value, (b) frequency values within a frequency threshold of the first amplitude value, or (c) phase values within a phase threshold of the first amplitude value; increment a counter when a distance between (1) a second amplitude value in the set of points and (2) the first amplitude value satisfies a distance threshold; and when the counter satisfies a counter threshold, generate a contour trace based on the set of points.
G10L 19/018 - Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
G10L 21/0264 - Noise filtering characterised by the type of parameter measurement, e.g. correlation techniques, zero crossing techniques or predictive techniques
23.
Methods and apparatus to determine tags for media using multiple media features
Example methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to determine tags for unknown media using multiple media features. Disclosed examples extract features from portions of the unknown media. Disclosed examples weight the features based at least partially on respective recognition technologies used to extract the features to determine corresponding weighted features. Disclosed examples search a database of pre-tagged media with a combination of the weighted features to generate a list of suggested tags for the unknown media, the list of suggested tags including relevancy scores for respective ones of the tags in the list. Disclosed examples assign a tag from the list of suggested tags to the unknown media based on a comparison of the relevancy score for the tag to a threshold.
A method and system for media-exposure monitoring. An example method includes a computing system receiving digital query signature data representing a media content item presented at a panelist site. Further, the method includes the computing system identifying the media content item, with the identifying being based on matching of the received digital query signature data with reference signature data. Still further, the method includes the computing system determining a streaming-media service that streamed the identified media content item to the panelist site for presentation, with the determining of the streaming-media service including finding an intersection of (i) a first set of one or more streaming-media services known to offer streaming of the media content item and (ii) a second set of one or more streaming-media services to which the panelist site subscribes.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
25.
Use of Steganographically-Encoded Time Information as Basis to Control Implementation of Dynamic Content Modification
A method and system for controlling implementation of dynamic content modification. The disclosure provides for using at least one steganographically-encoded timestamp in a media stream transmitted to a media client as a basis to determine a transmission delay for media-stream transmission to the media client, and for providing the determined transmission delay as a basis to facilitate control over whether to have the media client implement dynamic content modification. In addition, the disclosure provides for receiving respectively from each of various media clients a report indicating transmission delay determined for the media client based on such steganographically-encoded timestamp data, and using the transmission delays for the media clients to establish a dynamic-content-modification footprint that could be used to control whether, where, and to what extent dynamic content modification will be applied.
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to estimate cardinality through ordered statistics are disclosed. In an example, an apparatus includes processor circuitry to selects a sample dataset from a first reference dataset of media assets and partitions the sample dataset into m mutually exclusive subsets of approximately equal size. The processor circuitry then estimates a ratio of a sample weighted average and empirical cumulative distribution of an approximately largest order statistic from at least one of the m subsets and generates an estimate of a total cardinality of the first reference dataset by multiplying the ratio by approximately m.
G06Q 30/0242 - Determining effectiveness of advertisements
G06F 16/27 - Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database systemDistributed database system architectures therefor
27.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO GENERATE REFERENCE SIGNATURE ASSETS FROM METER SIGNATURES
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to generate reference signature assets from meter signatures are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein include a signature comparator to compare meter signature strings with search signature strings to identify a first fragment match result, which is associated with a sequence position within a first media represented by the search signature strings included in the first fragment match result, and which is also associated with a length of the first media. Disclosed example apparatus also include candidate signature asset generation circuitry to generate a candidate signature asset from a meter signature sequence based on the sequence position and the length of the first media, and store the candidate signature asset in a candidate pool associated with the first media. Disclosed example apparatus further include reference signature asset identification circuitry to identify a reference signature asset from the candidate pool to represent the first media.
A method implemented by a computing system comprises receiving, by the computing system, content information associated with content being presented on a user device and location information that specifies a location of the user device. A route predictor determines, based on the content information and the location information, one or more future routes associated with a user of the user device. The computing system identifies point of interest (POI) information associated with points of interest along one or more future routes and communicates the POI information to the user device that specifies POI content for presentation by the user device.
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture (e.g., physical storage media) to implement flexible commercial monitoring for television audience measurement are disclosed. Example television audience measurement systems disclosed herein include a flexible commercial detector to detect whether a first watermark decoded from a television program broadcast signal is a bridge watermark that indicates a portion of the television broadcast signal including the bridge watermark is associated with a flexible commercial insertion event, the flexible commercial insertion event corresponding to insertion of a flexible commercial in the portion of the television broadcast signal. Disclosed example television audience measurement systems also include a commercial metric calculator to credit audience exposure associated with the portion of the television broadcast signal to a flexible commercial crediting metric in response to a determination that the first watermark is the bridge watermark.
H04N 21/8358 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving watermark
H04H 60/31 - Arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services
H04N 21/2547 - Third party billing, e.g. billing of advertiser
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
30.
Methods and apparatus to generate reference signatures from streaming media
Example apparatus disclosed herein are to receive a log file, compare a first media monitor identification associated with an audio signature, a second media monitor identification associated with media metadata, and a third media monitor identification associated with event metadata. Disclosed example apparatus are also to determine if a first timestamp associated with the audio signature is within a time period, wherein the time period begins with a second timestamp associated with the media metadata and ends with a third timestamp associated with the event metadata. Disclosed example apparatus are also to validate that the audio signature satisfies a threshold for being stored as a reference signature based on at least one of the media metadata, the event metadata, the first timestamp, the second timestamp, or the third timestamp. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate the reference signature including assigning the media metadata to the audio signature.
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
H04N 21/266 - Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system or merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
H04N 21/439 - Processing of audio elementary streams
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/658 - Transmission by the client directed to the server
H04N 21/8547 - Content authoring involving timestamps for synchronizing content
31.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO RECOGNIZE METERED DEVICES CONNECTED TO PROPRIETARY WIFI EXTENDERS
Example methods and apparatus to recognize metered devices connected to proprietary WiFi extenders are disclosed herein. In some examples, a first device comprising at least one memory including a table, and at least one processor to broadcast a first message to a network extender, the first message including a first address associated with a second device and a message identifier, identify, in response to obtaining a second message including the message identifier, a second address embedded on a data link layer of the second message, and store the second address in the table in association with the second device
An example apparatus to monitor media that is presented via a mobile device includes: an application monitor to determine when media presentation software is being executed by the mobile device; and a metering information collector to collect at least one of a signature or a code of the media presented by the media presentation software based on the media presentation software being executed by the mobile device.
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
H04H 60/32 - Arrangements for monitoring conditions of receiving stations, e.g. malfunction or breakdown of receiving stations
H04H 60/37 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying segments of broadcast information, e.g. scenes or extracting programme ID
H04H 60/40 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying broadcast time or space for identifying broadcast time
H04H 60/43 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying broadcast time or space for identifying broadcast space, i.e. broadcast channels, broadcast stations or broadcast areas for identifying broadcast channels
H04H 60/44 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying broadcast time or space for identifying broadcast space, i.e. broadcast channels, broadcast stations or broadcast areas for identifying broadcast stations
H04H 60/50 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying locations of broadcast or relay stations
H04H 60/51 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying locations of receiving stations
H04H 60/58 - Arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or of audio
H04H 60/59 - Arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or of video
H04H 60/64 - Arrangements for services using the result of monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or for providing detail information
H04H 60/66 - Arrangements for services using the result of monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or for using the result on distributors' side
H04N 7/173 - Analogue secrecy systemsAnalogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/414 - Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/845 - Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
H04W 4/06 - Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]Services to user groupsOne-way selective calling services
33.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO DETERMINE SOURCES OF MEDIA PRESENTATIONS
Example apparatus disclosed herein are to obtain, from a network monitor, an address associated with one or more network communications used to convey a media stream to a first input device of a plurality of input devices in communication with a media device, query one or more data structures based on the address to identify a first input source of the media device, the one or more data structures to map respective ones of the plurality of input devices to corresponding ones of a plurality of input sources of the media device, the plurality of input sources including the first input source, obtain a watermark from a meter that is to monitor an output of the media device, and identify the first input source of the media device as associated with media presented by the media device in response to determination that the watermark corresponds to the media stream.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/8358 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving watermark
34.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR OPTIMIZING STATION REFERENCE FINGERPRINT LOADING USING REFERENCE WATERMARKS
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed selectively generating and storing hashed reference signatures. An example method disclosed herein determining whether watermark coverage of a first media segment satisfies a dropout constraint, the first media segment corresponding to a first monitoring time interval of a media source feed and, when the watermark coverage of the first media segment does not satisfy the dropout constraint hashing first media signatures associated with the first media segment to generate corresponding first hashed signatures and generating first reference data for the first media segment, the first reference data including the first hashed signatures and the first media signatures. The example method further includes, when the watermark coverage of the first media segment satisfies the dropout constraint, generating second reference data for the first media segment, the second reference data including the first media signatures.
H04H 60/40 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying broadcast time or space for identifying broadcast time
H04H 60/37 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying segments of broadcast information, e.g. scenes or extracting programme ID
H04H 60/58 - Arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or of audio
H04H 60/59 - Arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or of video
H04N 21/439 - Processing of audio elementary streams
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
35.
Method and System for Internal Failover of Intermediary Gateway
An intermediary gateway, such as a streaming meter, with internal failover operation. In an example, the gateway contains (i) main gateway logic, including as a main network interface and main processor with associated data storage holding instructions executable by the main processor to govern operation of the gateway, and (ii) backup gateway logic, including as a backup network interface and backup processor with associated data storage also holding instructions executable by the main processor to govern operation of the gateway. Further, the main program instructions are executable by the main processor to detect a failure of the main processor to communicate on the network and to responsively cause activation of the backup gateway logic as active gateway logic of the gateway, to facilitate continued operation of the gateway.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
36.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO GENERATE A SIGNATURE BASED ON SIGNATURE CANDIDATES
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to generate a signature based on signature candidates. An example apparatus disclosed herein includes first means for determining an alignment point of a first candidate signature segment and a second candidate signature segment, the first candidate signature segment and the second candidate signature segment include time data and signature data, the alignment point based on the time data of the first candidate signature segment and the time data of the second candidate signature segment, means for comparing a first signature to a second signature at the alignment point, the first signature representative of media included in the first candidate signature segment, the second signature included in the second candidate signature segment, and means for stitching the second signature to the first signature based on the comparison to generate a stitched signature, the stitched signature to be used for media crediting.
H04N 21/8352 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving content or source identification data, e.g. UMID [Unique Material Identifier]
Methods, apparatus, systems to determine a conditional probability based on audience member probability distributions for media audience measurement are disclosed. Disclosed example methods for media audience measurement include determining a first audience probability distribution for a first member of a household and determining a second audience probability distribution for a second member of the household. Disclosed example methods also include calculating probabilities for audience combinations of the first member and the second member of the household based on the first audience probability distribution and the second audience probability distribution. Disclosed example methods further include determining a household audience characteristic probability based on the calculated probabilities of the audience combinations of the household. The household audience characteristic indicates likelihoods of different possible audience compositions of the household for a media event.
G06N 7/01 - Probabilistic graphical models, e.g. probabilistic networks
H04H 60/45 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying users
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/45 - Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies or resolving scheduling conflicts
H04N 21/466 - Learning process for intelligent management, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies
38.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO AUTOMATE THE RECORDING OF MEDIA FOR SIGNATURE CREATION
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to automate the recording of media for signature creation. Reference signature requests are received from an employee or user. The reference signature request is distributed to automated capture tool circuitry, which plays the relevant media for a meter and provides a status update. When a signature is created, a status update indicates whether it is considered to be a reference signature. Prioritization circuitry assigns and updates a priority for each of the requests according to the priority of other requests, the status updates, and a priority rule set. Reference signature requests with the highest priority are assigned to automated capture tool circuitry for completion before lower priority requests.
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/84 - Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
39.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO CORRELATE CENSUS MEASUREMENT DATA WITH PANEL DATA
Methods, apparatus, and systems are disclosed to correlate census measurement data with panel data. An example system includes accessing means to access a message sent from a requesting device in response to accessing media that includes a tag causing the requesting device to send the message to a monitoring entity with an identification of a geographic location of the requesting device and media identifying information. The example system also includes identification means to determine locations of a plurality of panelist homes and compare the geographic location of the requesting device with the locations of the panelist homes. The example system also includes associating means to identify a user of the requesting device as a panelist residing at the first panelist home and associate the media identifying information with panelist data associated with the first one of the panelist homes.
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
Example methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture (e.g., physical storage media) to deduplicate common devices across multiple data sources are disclosed. An example apparatus includes instructions to identify a first device in a first data source and a second device in a second data source as a possible common device, calculate at least one of a station duration metric, a time match metric or a station path metric, the station duration metric, the time match metric based times of day that the first device tuned to a second set of stations and times of day that the second device tuned to the second set of stations, determine a score based on the at least one of the station duration metric, the time match metric, or the station path metric, and determine when the first device and the second device are a common device based on the score.
G06F 16/215 - Improving data qualityData cleansing, e.g. de-duplication, removing invalid entries or correcting typographical errors
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
41.
FORCING USE OF STREAMING METER AS ALTERNATE GATEWAY TO FACILITATE MEDIA-EXPOSURE MEASUREMENT
A method and system to facilitate measuring of media exposure. An example method comprises a streaming meter on a LAN configuring a host device on the LAN to use the streaming meter as a default gateway of the host device, including the streaming meter acquiring assignment from a router on the LAN of all IP addresses assignable by the router, to prevent the router from functioning as a DHCP server for the host device, and the streaming meter then responding to DHCP messaging from the host device to assign an IP address to the host device and set the host device to use the streaming meter as the default gateway of the host device. In the example method, the streaming meter then monitors network traffic of the host device that flows through the streaming meter and reports the monitored network traffic to a media-measurement platform to facilitate media-exposure measurement.
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
42.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS TO IDENTIFY MEDIA CONTENT USING WATERMARK METADATA AND MAPPED AUDIO SIGNATURES
Examples described herein include methods and computing systems which may include examples of mapping watermark metadata to tagged signatures and matching those tagged signatures to mapped reference signatures. A tagged signature is a signature that is identified using a mapping of watermark metadata. The mapping to watermark metadata of a tagged signature (e.g., having stored data associated with the tagged signature) can include the use of a source identifier (e.g., a station identification), timestamps, a media asset identifier, and a time-in-content range. Computing systems are employed to identify media content using matched reference signatures, thereby also facilitating crediting of media content. For example, an audience measurement entity can credit media content streams as having been viewed by an audience using such tagged signature
Methods and apparatus to monitor media content at a content display site are described. An example apparatus includes processor circuitry to execute computer readable instructions to: estimate a first audience size associated with unmeasured locations based on distributed census-based page views and a measured panel data; generate a virtual panel based on the first audience size to enable more accurate estimation of traffic from the unmeasured locations by weighting second panelists associated with the unmeasured locations and reweighting a subset of the second panelists; and determine additional activity not represented by the measure panel data; and calculate an online audience based on a measured location audience, the virtual panel, and the additional activity.
Example methods disclosed herein include accessing common homes data for a group of common homes, the common homes data including return path data and panel meter data. Disclosed example methods also include accessing common homes data for a group of common homes, the common homes data including first return path data and corresponding panel meter data associated with respective ones of the common homes, grouping the common homes data into view segments, classifying the view segments based on whether the return path data in respective ones of the view segments has matching panel meter data to determine labeled view segments, generating features from the labeled view segments, training a machine learning algorithm based on the features, and applying second return path data to the trained machine learning algorithm to determine whether a media device associated with the second return path data is on or off.
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to reduce signature matching uncertainty in media monitoring systems are disclosed. Disclosed example apparatus are to compare first groups of monitored signatures representative of monitored media with second groups of reference signatures representative of respective reference media to determine a first sequence of match results for an observation period, the first and second groups to have a first size corresponding to a first number of signatures. Disclosed example apparatus are also to compare, in response to a discontinuity in the first sequence of signature match results, third groups of monitored signatures from the sequence of monitored signatures with fourth groups of reference signatures from the respective sequences of reference signatures to determine a second sequence of signature match results for the observation period, the third groups and the fourth groups to have a second size greater than the first size.
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
H04N 21/234 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/25 - Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication or learning user preferences for recommending movies
H04N 21/8547 - Content authoring involving timestamps for synchronizing content
46.
Content Recognition with Audio Fingerprints When Dialog Enhancement is Enabled on Playback Devices
A method and system for helping to facilitate fingerprint-based automatic content recognition when audio may be subject to dialog enhancement (DE). An example method includes, for each of multiple audio time segments, (a) a computing system generating alternate digital reference fingerprint data representing the audio time segment, including at least (i) non-DE reference fingerprint data representing the audio time segment without the audio time segment being dialog enhanced and (ii) DE reference fingerprint data representing the audio time segment with the audio time segment being dialog enhanced and (b) providing the generated alternate digital reference fingerprint data for storage in a reference-fingerprint library for use in fingerprint matching. Including the DE reference fingerprint data may help to facilitate more robust matching of query fingerprint data that represents dialog enhanced audio content.
H04N 21/4402 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display
H04N 21/439 - Processing of audio elementary streams
47.
Forcing Use of Streaming Meter as Alternate Gateway to Facilitate Media-Exposure Measurement
A method and system to facilitate measuring of media exposure. An example method comprises a streaming meter on a LAN configuring a host device on the LAN to use the streaming meter as a default gateway of the host device, including the streaming meter acquiring assignment from a router on the LAN of all IP addresses assignable by the router, to prevent the router from functioning as a DHCP server for the host device, and the streaming meter then responding to DHCP messaging from the host device to assign an IP address to the host device and set the host device to use the streaming meter as the default gateway of the host device. In the example method, the streaming meter then monitors network traffic of the host device that flows through the streaming meter and reports the monitored network traffic to a media-measurement platform to facilitate media-exposure measurement.
H04L 61/5014 - Internet protocol [IP] addresses using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]
H04L 12/66 - Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
H04L 61/103 - Mapping addresses of different types across network layers, e.g. resolution of network layer into physical layer addresses or address resolution protocol [ARP]
Methods and apparatus to measure exposure to streaming media are disclosed. An example apparatus includes for measurement of exposure to streaming media includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus, and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to: access metadata identifying media presented to a user, and cookie data, the metadata and the cookie data provided by a client device; determine whether the cookie data identifies the user to a database proprietor; in response to a determination that the cookie data does not identify the user to the database proprietor, send a redirect message instructing the client device to retransmit the metadata to a next-hop location; and in response to a determination that the cookie data does identify the user to the database proprietor, provide the metadata and a user identifier to a central facility.
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
G06Q 30/02 - MarketingPrice estimation or determinationFundraising
H04L 65/00 - Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
H04L 65/61 - Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
H04L 65/613 - Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for the control of the source by the destination
H04L 67/02 - Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
H04L 67/563 - Data redirection of data network streams
H04L 67/565 - Conversion or adaptation of application format or content
H04N 21/2387 - Stream processing in response to a playback request from an end-user, e.g. for trick-play
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/45 - Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies or resolving scheduling conflicts
H04N 21/8352 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving content or source identification data, e.g. UMID [Unique Material Identifier]
H04N 21/84 - Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
H04N 21/858 - Linking data to content, e.g. by linking an URL to a video object or by creating a hotspot
In one example, a method is described. The method includes: obtaining a non-persistent device identifier; obtaining network traffic data specifying, for each of multiple network devices, a network device identifier, one or more network device parameters, and a network time stamp; comparing user device parameters to network device parameters; selecting, based on the parameter comparison, one or more candidate device identifiers; comparing, for each candidate device identifier, the user device time stamp with the network time stamp associated with the candidate device identifier; selecting, based on the time stamp comparison, a target device identifier from the one or more candidate device identifiers; and updating the non-persistent device identifier associated with the user-associated device at a media exposure measurement location using the target device identifier selected from the one or more candidate device identifiers included in the network traffic data.
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to identify user presence to a meter. An example apparatus includes memory, instructions, and at least one hardware processor to execute the instructions to at least: obtain presence information from a configuration device, the configuration device separate from the apparatus, the presence information indicating that user is present at the apparatus; verify the presence information matches user information, the user information stored in a memory of the apparatus; cause a confirmation prompt to be displayed on the configuration device, the confirmation prompt to indicate the presence information was obtained by the apparatus; and store the presence information in memory.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/422 - Input-only peripherals, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]
H04N 21/439 - Processing of audio elementary streams
H04N 21/475 - End-user interface for inputting end-user data, e.g. PIN [Personal Identification Number] or preference data
51.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO DETERMINE MEDIA VIEWING INFORMATION FOR HYBRID CONTENT DELIVERY
Methods and apparatus to determine media viewing information for hybrid content delivery are disclosed. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, machine readable instructions, and processor circuitry to at least one of instantiate or execute the machine readable instructions to monitor network traffic associated with at least one device during a media session, determine viewing information associated with the media session based on a consumption data message in the network traffic, the consumption data message transmitted by the at least one device, determine a program identifier of primary content received by the at least one device, the program identifier indicative of a program presented as the primary content by the at least one device, associate a panelist identifier with the viewing information and the program identifier of the primary content, and generate a media session report based on the panelist identifier, the viewing information, and the program identifier.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/235 - Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
52.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO ESTIMATE AUDIENCE SIZES OF MEDIA USING DEDUPLICATION BASED ON BINOMIAL SKETCH DATA
Methods and apparatus to estimate audience sizes using deduplication based on binomial sketch data are disclosed. An apparatus includes processor circuitry to instantiate coefficient analyzer circuitry to determine coefficient values of a polynomial based on (i) variances in values in the first sketch data and second sketch data, (ii) a first cardinality of the first sketch data, and (iii) a second cardinality of the second sketch data. The processor circuitry to instantiate overlap analyzer circuitry to determine a real root of the polynomial, the real root corresponding to the quantity of the second subscribers that are duplicates of the first subscribers. The processor circuitry to instantiate report generator circuitry to estimate a deduplicated audience size based on the estimate of the quantity of the second subscribers that are duplicates of the first subscribers and the first and second cardinalities.
Example methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture (i.e., physical storage media) to perform media source detection based on frequency band selection and processing are disclosed. Example meters disclosed herein are to compare a first audio signal from a monitored media device with a second audio signal from a first one of a plurality of media sources in communication with the monitored media device to determine a sequence of match results, the first audio signal associated with media presented by the media device. Disclosed example meters are also to compute a standard deviation of time delays associated with respective ones of the match results. Disclosed example meters are further to determine whether the first one of the media sources is a source of the media presented by the monitored media device based on the standard deviation.
H04N 21/439 - Processing of audio elementary streams
H04N 7/10 - Adaptations for transmission by electrical cable
H04N 21/41 - Structure of clientStructure of client peripherals
H04N 21/422 - Input-only peripherals, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]
H04N 21/436 - Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or inside the home
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/462 - Content or additional data management e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end or controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
Example apparatus disclosed herein are to send a request to a media provider that is to cause the media provider to initiate transmission of a transport stream that is to provide streaming media to a media presentation device. Disclosed example apparatus are also to extract metering metadata from a data file to be received by the media presentation device after the transmission of the transport stream is initiated by the media provider but before receipt by the media presentation device of the transport stream that is to provide the streaming media to the media presentation device, the data file associated with the transport stream. Disclosed example apparatus are further to report the metering metadata to a server in response to a detected event, and access an identification of secondary media responsive to the report of the metering metadata, the secondary media to be presented by the media presentation device.
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to automate receivability updates for media crediting. At least one non-transitory machine-readable medium comprises instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to at least identify a station identifier associated with at least one of a signature or a code, the at least one of the signature or the code collected at a panelist household. The instructions, when executed, cause at least one processor to further determine whether a household receivability table includes the station identifier, to determine, in response to a determination that the household receivability table does not include a station corresponding to the station identifier, whether the station is receivable at the panelist household, and to update the household receivability table, the update in response to a determination that the station corresponding to the station identifier is receivable at the panelist household.
H04N 21/462 - Content or additional data management e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end or controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
H04N 21/45 - Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies or resolving scheduling conflicts
56.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO GENERATE REFERENCE SIGNATURES
Methods and apparatus to generate reference signatures are disclosed. An example method includes collecting a first signature for media being presented to a plurality of households; crediting the media when the first signature matches a reference signature in a reference signature database; in response to determining that the first signature does not match a reference signature in the reference signature database and the first signature does not match an unidentified signature in an unknown signature database, storing the first signature in the unknown signature database; in response to determining that a second signature does not match the reference signature in the reference signature database and the second signature matches the unidentified signature in the unknown signature database, and increasing a count associated with the unidentified signature
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04H 60/31 - Arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services
H04H 60/56 - Arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or
57.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS TO MONITOR A MEDIA DEVICE VIA A USB PORT
An audience measurement computing system for monitoring a media presentation device in a monitored environment is described and includes a network interface, at least one processor, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by the processor(s). The computing system is configured to obtain, via a cable connected to an input port of the media presentation device, a voltage signal generated by the media presentation device based on an operational state of the media presentation device; compare voltage indicated by the voltage signal to a threshold; based on the comparing, generate timestamped operational state data comprising a record indicative of when the media presentation device is in an on-state; obtain audience measurement data representing one or more media signals communicated to the media presentation device; and transmit, via the network interface over a network and to a central facility, the timestamped operational state data and the audience measurement data.
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/422 - Input-only peripherals, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/84 - Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
58.
Method and System for Estimating the Cardinality of Information
A computer-implemented method for efficiently estimating the number of unique elements in a collection of elements comprises generating, via hash logic, hash values associated with the elements. The hash values specify bit positions within an array of bits. Hash values output from the hash logic conform to a geometric distribution such that bit positions of the array of bits corresponding to lower orders bits are more likely to be generated than bit positions corresponding to higher-order bits. Bits of the array of bits corresponding to the bit positions are set. The number of bits of the array of bits that are set is counted. Estimation logic estimates the number of unique elements of the collection of elements as a function of the number of bits of the array of bits that are set.
Disclosed examples access first impression data representative of first impressions collected by an impression monitor system, the first impressions corresponding to the media accessed at a plurality of client devices; generate a panelist impressions composition by removing at least one duplicate impression from second impression data, the second impression data representative of second impressions logged by meters installed at the client devices, the duplicate impression corresponding to one or more accesses to the media represented in both the first impression data and the second impression data for a same audience member; determine an error value for the media based on the panelist impressions composition and a database proprietor impression composition, the database proprietor impression composition provided by a database proprietor for the media; and determine an error-corrected impression composition based on the error value and the panelist impressions composition.
H04L 67/1097 - Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
A system for prospectively identifying media characteristics for inclusion in media content is disclosed. A neural network database including media characteristic information and feature information may associate relationships among the media characteristic information and feature information. Personal characteristic information associated with target media consumers may be used to select a subset of the neural network database. A first set of nodes, representing selected feature information, may be activated. The node interactions may be calculated to detect the activation of a second set of nodes, the second set of nodes representing media characteristic information. Generally, a node is activated when an activation value of the node exceeds a threshold value. Media characteristic information may be identified for inclusion in media content based on the second set of nodes.
An example method is for use in connection with a media device and a motion-detecting device mounted to the media device, and includes: obtaining motion data associated with the motion-detecting device; providing the obtained motion data to a trained classifier, wherein the trained classifier is configured to use at least motion data as runtime input data to generate at least device type data as runtime output data; responsive to providing the obtained motion data to the trained classifier, receiving from the trained classifier corresponding device type data generated by the trained classifier; using at least the received device type data to identify a device type of the media device; using at least the identified device type of the media device as a basis to select a set of configuration parameters for the motion-detecting device; and causing the motion-detecting device to be configured according to the selected set of configuration parameters.
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to identify media sources are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein include an exclusivity determiner, a unique asset identifier, and a signature matcher. The exclusivity determiner is to determine whether media is exclusive to a provider. The unique asset identifier is to associate a first signature of the media with the provider if the media is exclusive to the provider. The signature matcher is to identify the provider based on a second signature, the second signature matching the first signature, the second signature extracted from media presented at a media presentation location.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04L 65/61 - Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
H04L 65/65 - Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
H04N 21/231 - Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers or prioritizing data for deletion
H04N 21/422 - Input-only peripherals, e.g. global positioning system [GPS]
H04N 21/658 - Transmission by the client directed to the server
H04N 21/8352 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving content or source identification data, e.g. UMID [Unique Material Identifier]
H04N 21/84 - Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
63.
Method and System for Estimating the Cardinality of Information
A computer-implemented method for efficiently estimating the number of unique elements in a collection of elements comprises generating, via hash logic, hash values for each element of the collection of elements. The method further comprises specifying, in a sketch-frequency table, a set of discrete statistical values associated with the hash values and, for each discrete statistical value of the set of discrete statistical values, information indicative of a frequency at which binary representations of the hash values are associated with the discrete statistical value. The cardinality of the collection of elements is estimated based on the sketch-frequency table.
A media presentation device determines a voice command associated with media content presented by the media presentation device. The media presentation device then listens for and detects utterance of the determined voice command during presentation of the media content, and the media presentation device responds to the detected utterance by performing an action that facilitates user purchase of the good or service associated with the media content segment.
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to determine unique audience size via clustered data. An example apparatus includes memory, machine readable instructions, and processor circuitry to at least one of execute or instantiate the machine readable instructions. The example processor circuitry is to form a first matrix identifying matching and non-matching instances of first values of respective demographics of an audience of media and second values of the respective demographics. Also, the processor circuitry is to normalize the first matrix to generate an account sharing adjustment matrix. Additionally, the processor circuitry is to apply the account sharing adjustment matrix to a vector of one or more counts of impressions of the media to correct for one or more members of the audience that share a user account registered with a database proprietor, the one or more counts of the impressions corresponding to the respective demographics.
G06Q 30/0201 - Market modellingMarket analysisCollecting market data
H04N 21/25 - Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication or learning user preferences for recommending movies
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
66.
Use of Audio Classification as Basis to Control Audio Identification
A method includes receiving, into a microphone of a portable computing device, audio from a surrounding environment of the portable computing device. The method also includes classifying, by the portable computing device, the received audio as containing media content or as containing no media content. Classifying the received audio as containing media content or as containing no media content comprises determining whether the audio defines content emitted from a media player in the surrounding environment of the portable computing device. The method further includes, based on the classifying, controlling by the portable computing device whether to engage in an audio-identification process for determining an identity of the media content.
Methods and apparatus are disclosed to determine a power state of a device. An example method includes determining respective counts for a plurality of measurements during a calibration period, the measurements indicative of an amount of power drawn by the device, determining a first threshold and a second threshold based on at least one of the counts, the first threshold determined using most frequently logged measurement values, the most frequently logged measurement values based on counts performed after expiration of the calibration period, comparing a measurement to the first threshold and to the second threshold, and outputting a positive indication when the measurement is within an acceptable difference range, the acceptable difference range based on the amount of power drawn by the device.
H04N 5/64 - Constructional details of receivers, e.g. cabinets or dust covers
G01R 35/00 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
H04H 60/32 - Arrangements for monitoring conditions of receiving stations, e.g. malfunction or breakdown of receiving stations
H04N 17/00 - Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
68.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO DETECT AND RECTIFY FALSE SET TOP BOX TUNING DATA
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to rectify false set top box tuning data. Disclosed examples methods include identifying, by executing an instruction with a processor, in the return path data, first tuning data corresponding to a first group of set top boxes, the first group of set top boxes classified as associated with machine events, determining, by executing an instruction with a processor, a ratio between first tuning events in the return path data and second tuning events in the return path data, the first tuning events attributed to the first group of the set top boxes, the second tuning events attributed to a second group of the set top boxes classified at not associated with machine events, and in response to the ratio satisfying a threshold during a time interval, removing second tuning data associated with the time interval from the first tuning data.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/25 - Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication or learning user preferences for recommending movies
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/658 - Transmission by the client directed to the server
H04N 21/84 - Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
69.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO DETERMINE MEDIA EXPOSURE OF A PANELIST
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to determine media exposure of a panelist are disclosed. An example apparatus include memory; computer readable instructions; and processor circuitry to execute the computer readable instructions to: determine an anonymized identifier from media monitoring data corresponding to a personal people meter of a panelist; filter anonymized census data from a plurality of media devices based on the anonymized identifier; when second media data different than first media data is included in the media monitoring data during a same time duration, tag the time duration as corresponding to multiple media exposure; and credit exposure to media for the panelist based on the tag.
A system and method for attributing media-exposure to a particular media-delivery device, such as a media player, at a panelist site. An example system includes a first meter configured to detect media presentation by a media-presentation device at the panelist site, and a second meter configured to detect media transmission at the panelist site to the media-delivery device at the panelist site. Further, the example system includes program instructions stored in non-transitory data storage and executable by at least one processor to carry out operations including (i) correlating the detected media presentation at the panelist site with the detected media transmission at the panelist site to the media-delivery device at the panelist site and (ii) based on the correlating, associating the panelist media-exposure with the media-delivery device, such as by generating record indicating the association. This association may then be used as a basis to enhance audience ratings.
H04N 21/45 - Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies or resolving scheduling conflicts
H04N 21/658 - Transmission by the client directed to the server
71.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO GENERATE AUDIENCE METRICS FOR CONNECTED TELEVISION
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to generate audience metrics for connected television. An example system includes at least one memory, programmable circuitry, and instructions to cause the programmable circuitry to obtain media access data corresponding to connected television media and a user identifier corresponding to a media access device, generate, using a machine learning model, probability values for corresponding audience demographics in a household composition corresponding to the user identifier, the probability values indicative of likelihoods that corresponding ones of the audience demographics are accessing the connected television media, determine a person-level characteristic based on the probability values of the audience demographics, the person-level characteristic corresponding to an audience member of the connected television media, and assign the media access data to the person-level characteristic.
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/24 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth or upstream requests
H04N 21/25 - Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication or learning user preferences for recommending movies
72.
APPARATUS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR USER PRESENCE DETECTION FOR AUDIENCE MONITORING
Apparatus, systems, and method for user presence detection for audience monitoring are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein are to detect movement of a user relative to an area based on one or more signals output by one or more motion detection sensors, the area associated with a media presentation device. Disclosed example apparatus are also to generate a request for verification of user presence in the viewing area in response to detection of the user movement. Disclosed example apparatus are further to correlate a user input responsive to the request with media presented via the media presentation device.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
Example methods and apparatus to improve timestamp transition resolution of watermarks are disclosed. A disclosed example apparatus is to determine an initial resolution for timestamp transitions based on a first number of time units between first ones of watermarks detected in media, and determine an updated resolution for the timestamp transitions based on a predicted timestamp transition window and a second number of time units between second ones of the watermarks detected in the media, the second ones of the watermarks to be subsequent to the first ones of the watermarks in the media, the predicted timestamp transition window associated with the initial resolution for timestamp transitions, the updated resolution for the timestamp transitions corresponding to a third number of time units, the third number of time units less than the second number of time units.
G10L 19/018 - Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
G10L 25/45 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups characterised by the type of analysis window
H04N 19/467 - Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process characterised by the embedded information being invisible, e.g. watermarking
H04N 21/43 - Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video streamElementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronizing decoder's clockClient middleware
H04N 21/8358 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving watermark
H04N 21/8547 - Content authoring involving timestamps for synchronizing content
74.
Use of Doppler Shift as a Basis to Determine Area of Focus
A method system for use of Doppler shift as a basis to detect user focus, such as to detect that a user was attracted to audio media and/or to an associated object. A portable processing device carried by the user receives audio media emitted from an audio source at a fixed location, the audio media having periodic watermarking encoded at a baseline frequency. The portable processing device detects a change in frequency of the periodic watermarking over time, such as the frequency progressing from at least being higher than the baseline frequency to being the baseline frequency for at least a predefined threshold period of time. Based on the detected change in frequency of the periodic watermarking over time, the portable device then provides a report indicating that the user was attracted to the audio media and/or to an object (e.g., a commercial object) collocated with the audio source.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
G01S 15/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
G10L 19/018 - Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
H04N 21/439 - Processing of audio elementary streams
75.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR AFFILIATE INTERRUPT DETECTION
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for affiliate interrupt detection. An example method disclosed herein includes determining whether a first time period of a first audio signal corresponds to a first affiliate interrupt period based on whether (1) a first type of watermark is detected in the first time period of the first audio signal, and (2) a second type of watermark is detected in the first audio signal outside the first time period but not in the first time period of the first audio signal, and determining whether the first time period of the first audio signal corresponds to the first affiliate interrupt period when watermarks are not detected in the first time period of the first audio signal based on comparison of first signatures with second signatures representing a corresponding first time period of a reference audio signal.
H04N 21/2389 - Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream encrypting
H04N 21/233 - Processing of audio elementary streams
H04N 21/234 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/262 - Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission or generating play-lists
Example apparatus disclosed herein are to obtain a first hash key, a second hash key and a third hash key representative of first reference media in response to a first query of a first table, the second hash key associated with a second time preceding a first time associated with the first hash key, the third hash key associated with a third time following the first time associated with the first hash key. Disclosed example apparatus are also to prequalify the first hash key as a candidate for subsequent signature processing associated with a first site signature in response to a determination that the second hash key corresponds to a second site signature preceding the first site signature in time and that the third hash key corresponds to a third site signature following the first site signature in time.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
G06V 20/40 - ScenesScene-specific elements in video content
H04H 60/31 - Arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services
H04H 60/40 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying broadcast time or space for identifying broadcast time
H04H 60/56 - Arrangements characterised by components specially adapted for monitoring, identification or recognition covered by groups or
H04N 21/234 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/4408 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving video stream encryption, e.g. re-encrypting a decrypted video stream for redistribution in a home network
H04N 21/8352 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving content or source identification data, e.g. UMID [Unique Material Identifier]
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to identify main page views. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, machine readable instructions, and processor circuitry to at least one of instantiate or execute the machine readable instructions to: access a log of requests from a proxy, the log of requests including main page requests and embedded page requests, the log of requests including timestamps corresponding to the main page requests and the embedded page requests, identify, based on consecutive ones of the timestamps occurring within a time interval, at least one of the main page requests associated with the time interval, and credit the at least one of the main page requests as a main page view.
Disclosed examples include logging impression records corresponding to pingback messages received in network communications from a client device, ones of the pingback messages corresponding to portions of media presented at the client device; determining a duration impression for the media based on the impression records; dividing the duration impression based on media types corresponding to the portions of the media presented at the client device; and determining demographic characteristics for ones of the media types in the portions of the media.
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to accurately credit streaming sessions are disclosed. A meter device records streaming session information. Cluster creation circuitry trains a model by grouping information from multiple streaming sessions into clusters, wherein all streaming sessions within a given cluster have matching media and streaming sources. Model executor circuitry assigns incoming streaming session information to a cluster or to noise. Cluster creation circuitry edits the model by creating new clusters out of information from multiple streaming sessions with similar attributes that were originally labeled as noise. By only crediting streaming session information assigned to a cluster, the disclosed system avoids crediting illogical streaming session information, such as the crediting of media to a streaming source that does not offer said media.
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to generate synthetic respondent level data. Example apparatus disclosed herein include means for generating a synthetic panel corresponding to a duration of time, the means for generating the synthetic panel to: generate a transition matrix corresponding to a first sub-duration of the duration of time and a second sub-duration of the duration of time; generate, based on the transition matrix, a plurality of synthetic panelists and associated viewing data; remove first ones of the synthetic panelists associated with one or more weights that do not satisfy a threshold to generate the synthetic panel corresponding to the duration of time, the synthetic panel representative of audiences of media presented by a plurality of media devices during the duration of time; and generate synthetic respondent level data based on the viewing data associated with remaining second ones of the synthetic panelists.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04H 60/31 - Arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/262 - Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission or generating play-lists
H04N 21/458 - Scheduling content for creating a personalised stream, e.g. by combining a locally stored advertisement with an incoming streamUpdating operations, e.g. for OS modules
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for multimodal audience detection and identification. An example system disclosed herein includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus, and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to: select a portion of a set of signal strength values associated with advertising packets from a device associated with a user, the advertising packets captured by a multi-axis receiver on a plurality of different signal polarizations; calculate a first representative signal strength value based on the selected portion of signal strength values; and determine a presence of the user based on whether the first representative signal strength value satisfies a threshold.
G01S 13/04 - Systems determining presence of a target
G01S 7/41 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisationTarget signatureTarget cross-section
G01S 11/06 - Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using radio waves using intensity measurements
H04N 21/41 - Structure of clientStructure of client peripherals
H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
82.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO IDENTIFY MEDIA FOR AHEAD OF TIME WATERMARK ENCODING
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to identify media for ahead of time watermark encoding. An example apparatus includes a media interface to determine a characteristic of media, the characteristic corresponding to a broadcast time of the media; and a controller to: determine an identifier corresponding to the media; transmit a query including the characteristic and the identifier prior to the media being broadcast, the query to request an indication whether the identifier is unique; and responsive to the indication that the identifier is unique, cause a watermark to be encoded in the media using the identifier prior to the media being broadcast.
H04N 21/262 - Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission or generating play-lists
H04N 21/8358 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving watermark
83.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO IDENTIFY MEDIA APPLICATION SESSIONS
Methods and apparatus to identify media application sessions are disclosed. An example apparatus includes an audio interface to monitor an audio output of a media presentation device during a viewing session, a tone analyzer to identify one or more dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) tones presented by the audio output of the media presentation device, a session identification determiner to determine a session identification value associated with the viewing session based on the one or more identified DTMF tones, and a session report generator to associate a panelist identifier with the viewing session, and generate a session report based on the session identification value associated with the DTMF tones and the panelist identifier associated with the viewing session.
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
Methods and apparatus are disclosed for supplementing partially readable and/or inaccurate codes. An example apparatus includes a watermark analyzer to select a first watermark and a second watermark decoded from media; a comparator to compare a first decoded timestamp of the first watermark to a second decoded timestamp of the second watermark; and a timestamp adjuster to adjust the second decoded timestamp based on the first decoded timestamp of the second watermark when at least a threshold number of symbols of the second decoded timestamp match corresponding symbols of the first decoded timestamp.
G10L 19/018 - Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
G10L 19/02 - Speech or audio signal analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocodersCoding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
G10L 25/51 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination
85.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR LOADING AND ROLL-OFF OF REFERENCE MEDIA ASSETS
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed for loading and roll-off of reference media assets. Example apparatus disclosed herein are to determine whether a first condition to prune a reference media asset is satisfied, and in response to a determination that the first condition is satisfied, determine whether a second condition to prune the reference media asset is satisfied. Disclosed example apparatus are also to, in response to a determination that the second condition is satisfied: segment the reference media asset into a plurality of segments based on a length of the reference media asset, prune a first one of the segments, and retain a second one of the segments in a database to compare with meter data to credit media exposure associated with the reference media asset.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
86.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO CORRELATE A DEMOGRAPHIC SEGMENT WITH A FIXED DEVICE
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to correlate a demographic segment with a fixed device are disclosed. An example method includes accessing a record indicating a public Internet Protocol (IP) address used by a fixed device. A monitoring data record received from a mobile device is accessed. A demographic segment of a user of the mobile device is determined. The mobile device is associated with the fixed device when an IP address of the mobile device from the monitoring data record matches the public IP address used by the fixed device. The demographic segment of the user of the mobile device is associated with the fixed device based on the association of the fixed device and the mobile device.
Methods, apparatus, and systems are disclosed for estimating audience exposure based on engagement level. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, machine readable instructions, and processor circuitry to at least one of instantiate or execute the machine readable instructions to identify a user activity associated with a user during exposure of the user to media based on an output from at least one of a user device, a remote control device, an image sensor, or a motion sensor, classify the user activity as an attention-based activity or a distraction-based activity, assign a distraction factor or an attention factor to the user activity based on the classification, and determine an attention level for the user based on the distraction factor or the attention factor.
H04N 21/466 - Learning process for intelligent management, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
88.
METHODS AND APPARATUS TO IDENTIFY MEDIA BASED ON WATERMARKS ACROSS DIFFERENT AUDIO STREAMS AND/OR DIFFERENT WATERMARKING TECHNIQUES
Example apparatus disclosed herein are to detect a first watermark embedded in an audio stream associated with media, the first watermark embedded and detected based on a first watermarking technique; and detect a second watermark embedded in the audio stream, the second watermark embedded and detected based on a second watermarking technique. Disclosed example apparatus are also to assign the first watermark to a first monitoring track and to a second monitoring track, the first monitoring track limited to watermarks embedded in the audio stream based on the first watermarking technique, the second monitoring track limited to watermarks embedded in the audio stream based on any of the first or second watermarking techniques; group the first and second watermarks to form a media detection event when the second watermark is assigned to the second monitoring track; and cause transmission of the media detection event to a data collection facility.
H04N 21/439 - Processing of audio elementary streams
G10L 19/018 - Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/83 - Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with contentContent structuring
89.
Use of Steganographically-Encoded Data as Basis to Disambiguate Fingerprint-Based Channel-Multi-Match
The disclosure provides for use of steganographically-encoded data as a basis to disambiguated a fingerprint-based channel-multimatch. A fingerprint-matching server or other entity could detect a channel-multi-match scenario by determining that query fingerprints representing media content being rendered by a content presentation device match reference fingerprints respectively representing multiple channels. In view of that detected channel-multi-match scenario, the content presentation device could then provide channel-identification information that the content presentation device extracts from a watermark that is steganographically encoded in the media content of the channel that the content presentation device is rendering, for use of the extracted channel-identification information to determine which channel the content presentation device is rendering. Identifying the channel being rendered could then facilitate channel-specific action, such as then detecting a content-modification opportunity on the identified channel and preparing and enabling the content presentation device to carry out an associated content modification.
H04N 21/2389 - Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream encrypting
H04N 21/234 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/435 - Processing of additional data, e.g. decrypting of additional data or reconstructing software from modules extracted from the transport stream
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to determine a duration of media presentation based on tuning session duration. Example apparatus a receiver to obtain a first tuning session duration indicative of an amount of time between channel changes of a first media presentation device at a first media presentation location, a presentation session estimator to select a model from storage, the model selected based on a match of the first tuning session duration and a second tuning session duration, the model including a relation between the second tuning session duration and a first presentation session duration of media presented on a second media presentation device at a second media presentation location, and estimate a second presentation session duration of media presented within the first tuning session duration based on the model.
H04N 21/25 - Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication or learning user preferences for recommending movies
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/466 - Learning process for intelligent management, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies
91.
Communication of Payload Data Through Altered Sequence of Metadata Defining Audio-Rendering Directives
To facilitate communicating payload data to a destination, a computing system varies audio-rendering-directive metadata over time in a manner that represents the payload data and outputs the varied audio-rendering-directive metadata over time for communication along with an audio stream to the destination to facilitate rendering of the audio stream at the destination in accordance with the varied audio-rendering-directive metadata over time. The rendering of the audio stream at the destination conveys the payload data by being in accordance with the varied audio-rendering-directive metadata over time that represents the payload data. Thus, an audio meter operating at the destination could detect associated variation in the rendered audio stream and map that detected variation in the rendered audio stream to the payload data, thereby receiving the payload data. Varying the audio-rendering-directive metadata over time could involve varying audio-loudness specifications over time and/or varying spatial-audio specifications over time, among other possibilities.
To facilitate communicating payload data to a destination, a computing system varies audio-rendering-directive metadata over time in a manner that represents the payload data and outputs the varied audio-rendering-directive metadata over time for communication along with an audio stream to the destination to facilitate rendering of the audio stream at the destination in accordance with the varied audio-rendering-directive metadata over time. The rendering of the audio stream at the destination conveys the payload data by being in accordance with the varied audio-rendering-directive metadata over time that represents the payload data. Thus, an audio meter operating at the destination could detect associated variation in the rendered audio stream and map that detected variation in the rendered audio stream to the payload data, thereby receiving the payload data. Varying the audio-rendering-directive metadata over time could involve varying audio-loudness specifications over time and/or varying spatial-audio specifications over time, among other possibilities.
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to perform media device asset qualification are disclosed. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, and at least one processor to execute instructions to at least identify a first set of candidate media device assets for disqualification, the candidate media device assets including A) a signature and B) a media identifier that identifies media, generate a hash table using a second set of the candidate media device assets, determine one or more counts of matches between C) a first signature and a first media identifier of a first candidate media device asset of the second set and D) respective signatures and media identifiers of multiple ones of the second set using the hash table, the multiple ones of the second set not including the first candidate media device asset, and load the first signature into a reference database as a reference signature.
H04N 21/254 - Management at additional data server, e.g. shopping server or rights management server
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/41 - Structure of clientStructure of client peripherals
H04N 21/439 - Processing of audio elementary streams
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/6543 - Transmission by server directed to the client for forcing some client operations, e.g. recording
Systems, methods, and apparatus to identify media devices are disclosed. An example network communications monitor includes network interface circuitry, computer readable instructions, and processor circuitry. The processor circuitry is to execute the computer readable instructions to detect, via the network interface circuitry, multiple network communications transmitted on a home network within the household, access panelist data that associates a panelist of the household with a panelist device of the panelist, determine, based on the panelist data, that one or more of the multiple network communications are associated with the panelist device, and cause storage of data identifying the one or more network communications in association with the panelist.
H04H 60/32 - Arrangements for monitoring conditions of receiving stations, e.g. malfunction or breakdown of receiving stations
H04L 61/103 - Mapping addresses of different types across network layers, e.g. resolution of network layer into physical layer addresses or address resolution protocol [ARP]
H04L 61/2514 - Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses between local and global IP addresses
H04L 61/5014 - Internet protocol [IP] addresses using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]
95.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION WITH AN AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT DEVICE
Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture for communication with an audience metering device are disclosed. An example apparatus includes one or more non-transitory computer readable media, instructions in the apparatus, and one or more processors to execute the instructions. The example one or more processors are to segment a message to be transmitted to a configuration device into a first message segment and a second message segment, store the first message segment in a characteristic memory, and transmit a first advertisement to the configuration device when the first message segment is stored in the characteristic memory. Additionally, the example one or more processors are to after the first message segment has been gathered by the configuration device, store the second message segment in the characteristic memory and transmit a second advertisement to the configuration device when the second message segment is stored in the characteristic memory.
Methods and apparatus to estimate audience sizes using deduplication based on vector of counts sketch data are disclosed. A system includes hardware circuitry to instantiate: coefficient analyzer circuitry to determine coefficient values of a polynomial based on (i) variances in values in a first vector of counts and a second vector of counts, (ii) a first cardinality of the first vector of counts, and (iii) a second cardinality of the second vector of counts; and overlap analyzer circuitry to: determine a real root of the polynomial; and report generator circuitry to estimate a deduplicated audience size based on (i) the estimate of the quantity of the second subscribers that are duplicates of the first subscribers and (ii) the first and second cardinalities. The system includes communication circuitry to transmit a network communication to a third party entity, the second network communication including a report based on the deduplicated audience size.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
97.
METHODS AND APPARATUS OF MEDIA DEVICE DETECTION FOR MINIMALLY INVASIVE MEDIA METERS
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for media crediting and, more particularly, methods and apparatus of media device detection for media meters. An example computing system disclosed herein to detect media devices presenting media comprises a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon program instructions that, upon execution by the processor, cause performance of a set of operations comprising generating a cluster of media locations based on media identifying information received from a presentation of media at a streaming media device and identifying the streaming media device based on the media devices available at the media locations in the cluster of media locations and an identity of a media device determined to be available in a majority of media locations in the cluster of media locations.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04H 60/00 - Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-timeBroadcast-related systems
H04H 60/29 - Arrangements for monitoring broadcast services or broadcast-related services
H04H 60/54 - Arrangements for identifying or recognising characteristics with a direct linkage to broadcast information or to broadcast space-time, e.g. for identifying broadcast stations or for identifying users for identifying locations where broadcast information is generated
H04N 21/2547 - Third party billing, e.g. billing of advertiser
H04N 21/258 - Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics or processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
H04N 21/435 - Processing of additional data, e.g. decrypting of additional data or reconstructing software from modules extracted from the transport stream
H04N 21/658 - Transmission by the client directed to the server
H04N 21/8358 - Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates involving watermark
H04N 21/84 - Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
98.
Use of Symbol Strength and Verified Watermark Detection as Basis to Improve Media-Exposure Detection
To extract an identifier value from a watermark in media content, a system initially determines the identifier by determining symbol values based on an evaluation of tone strength of each of multiple symbol time segments of the watermark. Further, the system assigns a quality level to the watermark, based on a count of errors in the determined symbol values in view of one or more watermark-structure rules. Still further, if the quality level is threshold low, then the system engages in an error correction process that takes into account, for each symbol time segment whose symbol value may be erroneous, whether that symbol time segment has a threshold strong tone combination that matches the tone combination of a corresponding symbol time segment in a verified watermark. And if the error correction process is successful, the system replaces the determined identifier value with the identifier value of the verified watermark.
A method and system for using steganographically-encoded time information as a basis to control when a client carries out a content-related action. The client processes for presentation one or more linear media streams, each defining a respective time sequence of frames of media content, and at least one of the streams being steganographically encoded with at least one watermark at a respective time-point within the linear media stream, the watermark encoding a timestamp of the respective time-point within the linear media stream according to a server clock. The client extracts the timestamp from the watermark and computes a time offset based on a difference between the extracted timestamp and a current time according to a client clock. And the client uses the computed time offset as a basis to determine when to carry out a content-related action in a given one of the one or more linear media streams.
H04N 21/2389 - Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream encrypting
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to associate geographic locations with user devices. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus, and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to extract source identifying information from a beacon transmitted from a user device to an audience measurement entity, classify a network that connects the user device to the audience measurement entity based on the source identifying information, query a location service of a provider of a mobile network to retrieve a location associated with the user device, store the location in association with media identifying information, and generate a user profile associating the user device with the retrieved location.
