Provided is a virtual collaboration system for holding a meeting among a server and computer terminals connected to a network, the system having: a server configuredtobe connected to tte network; a plurality of computer terminals configured to be connected to the network; and a storage device configured to be connected to the sever; wherein a first meeting element and first attribute information including a first time of receiving the first meeting element and a first user ID is stored, in correlation to each other, and when there is a second meeting element, to be inserted in the fast meeting element, having been transmitted from one of the computer terminals, link information to link the second meeting element to the first meeting element stored, and also provided are a method for holding the meeting and a computer-readable recording medium storing a program for holding the meeting.
G06F 3/00 - Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computerOutput arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
The purpose of the invention to provide a micromixer that has a simple configuration and is capable of efficiently mixing two or more liquids, and a microfluidic chip provided with said micromixer. To achieve said purpose, the micromixer is configured so as to provide microflow channels in which first and second liquids respectively flow and a mixing tank in the bottom of which is provided a liquid infusion port that communicates with said microflow channels, and to provide the liquid infusion port at a position in the bottom that is shifted from the center of the bottom. The liquid infusion port may also be provided at a position that is shifted from the center line of the mixing tank. Starting from the position at which an imaginary line extending up from the center of the liquid infusion port passes through a horizontal cross section of the internal space encompassed by the inner wall of the mixing tank, a first distance to the inner wall in one direction can be made to differ from a second distance to the inner wall in the direction opposite to the first direction.
In the present invention, the following are measured: the intensity of the light emitted at a metal film (55) while varying the polarization of linearly polarized excitation light (α) and ensuring that the excitation light (α) enters a prism (51) under full reflection conditions; the excited fluorescence resulting from the enhanced electrical field produced by the exit, from the prism (51), of excitation light (α) having a first polarization direction at which the maximum amount of light was detected; and the excited fluorescence resulting from an enhanced electrical field produced by the exit, from the prism (51), of excitation light (α) having a second polarization direction at which the minimum amount of light was detected. A specimen is detected on the basis of a first light level (Smax), which is the light level of the excited fluorescence generated by excitation light (α) polarized in the first direction, and a second light level (Smax), which is the light level of the excited fluorescence generated by excitation light (α) polarized in the second direction.
In the present invention, a specimen is made to flow over a metal film (55) on a prism (51), and excitation light (α) is shone in a prescribed direction. By changing the position of a reflective member (36) that reflects the excitation light (α), and adjusting the orientation of the reflective surface (36a) of said member, the angle of incidence (θ) is changed while maintaining a state in which excitation light (α) that enters the prism (51) is reflected at a prescribed position. The intensity of the light that is generated at the metal film (55) is measured, and the reflective member (36) is positioned to match the position of the reflective member (36) and the orientation of the reflective surface (36a) when the greatest amount of light was measured.
In the present invention, a test liquid is made to flow over a metal film (55) on a prism (51), and excitation light (α) is shone into the prism (51). The intensity of the excitation wavelength light that occurs at the metal film (55) is measured while varying the angle of incidence (θ) and maintaining maintaining a state in which excitation light (α) that enters the prism (51) is reflected at a prescribed position on the metal film (55). The excitation light (α) is irradiated onto a prescribed position on the metal film (55) so as to achieve an angle of incidence (θ1 ) based on the results of these measurements, while a light receiving unit (41) receives and measures the intensity of the excited fluorescence produced at the metal film (55). When light of the excitation wavelength is measured, a light filter (46) that blocks light having the wavelength of the excitation light is retracted from between the light receiving unit (41) and the metal film (55). When excitation fluorescence is measured, the light filter (46) is inserted between the light receiving unit (41) and the metal film (55).
This secondary battery type fuel cell system is provided with a hydrogen generator (1) that generates hydrogen by an oxidation reaction with water and is capable of regeneration by a reduction reaction with hydrogen and a SOFC (5) having an electricity generating function and a water electrolysis function. The system circulates a gas containing hydrogen and water vapor between the hydrogen generation part (1) and SOFC (5). Also provided is a water vapor partial pressure ratio setting section (heater (2), temperature sensor (3), and controller (7)) that sets the water vapor partial pressure ratio for the hydrogen generator (1).
A lighting device comprising: a light emitting panel pack (1000, 1000A) which is formed by stacking light emitting panels (100) each having a light emitting surface (105a) located at the center region of the main surface (100a) of the light emitting panel (100) and also having electrodes (103, 104) located at the peripheral edge of the main surface (100a); a support member (13) which supports the light emitting panel pack (1000, 1000A) from the main surface (100a) side, has an opening section (13h) for allowing a light emitting surface (105a) to be exposed therefrom, and has terminal sections (15) for conducting electricity to the electrodes (103, 104) of the light emitting panel (100), the light emitting surface (105a) of which is exposed from the opening section (13h); and a light-emitting-panel replacement mechanism which allows the light emitting panel (100), the light emitting surface (105a) of which is exposed from the opening section (13h), to be removed from the support member (13), exposes the light emitting surface (105a) of the next light emitting panel (100) from the opening section (13h), and causes the terminal sections (15) to make contact with the electrodes (103, 104) of the next light emitting panel (100).
F21V 19/00 - Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
F21S 8/04 - Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or like overhead structure
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
An image formation device provided with: a development member that supports a developer for forming a toner image on an image carrier; a cleaning member, which abuts against the development member, for removing residual developer from the development member; a conveyance member, provided in contact with the development member, for conveying supplied developer to the development member; and an actuation unit that controls actuation of the conveyance member and/or the development member. Before a main actuation performed when forming an image, the actuation unit performs preliminary actuation of the development member and the conveyance member for a given amount of time with the supply of the developer to the conveyance member stopped, thereby minimizing developer consumption or degradation during the preliminary actuation while eliminating warpage of the development member or the conveyance member, which are formed from elastic members.
Provided are: a coating method whereby a uniform film thickness can be achieved steadily when a strip-shaped base that has a patterned film formed on the surface thereof is conveyed at a low tensile force and a coating solution is applied on the strip-shaped base using a slit-type die coater to form a thin coating film on the base; and a process for producing an organic electronics element employing the coating method. The coating method comprises applying a coating solution on a strip-shaped base, which has, formed on the surface thereof, a patterned film composed of a different material from a material constituting the base, is held on a back roll and is conveyed continuously at a conveying tensile force of 5 to 100 N/m width, using a slit-type die coater, wherein the coating method is characterized in that the back roll has a porous surface having pores having an average equilibrium diameter of 0.1 to 25.0 μm and also has an adsorption means for adsorbing the base onto the surface of the back roll, and the coating solution is applied on the strip-shaped base while adsorbing/holding the strip-shaped base on the surface of the back roll by means of the adsorption means.
B05D 3/00 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 1/26 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
10.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING TRANSPARENT ELECTRODE AND ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICE
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a transparent electrode having superior conductivity, transparency, resistance to washing, and surface uniformity, and having superior drive voltage when used in an organic electronic device. The purpose is also to provide an organic electronic device using the same. This method for producing a transparent electrode is a method for producing a transparent electrode that has a patterned conductive layer on a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer containing at least a conductive polymer and a nonconductive polymer that contains a hydroxyl group. The method is characterized by the patterned conductive layer being a metal oxide or a metal material. The method is also characterized by the nonconductive polymer that contains a hydroxyl group being a polymer (A) containing a structural unit selected from general formula (I) and general formula (II) and the transparent conductive layer being formed by heat treatment in a temperature range of 150°C - 300°C.
H01B 13/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
H05B 33/26 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
11.
ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT
Provided is an organic electroluminescent element which exhibits high luminous efficiency, while having excellent color stability and life in room-temperature and high-temperature environments. Specifically provided is an organic electroluminescent element, which comprises, on a substrate, a pair of electrodes and an organic functional layer including a light emitting layer, and which is characterized in that: the light emitting layer contains a host compound, a blue phosphorescent dopant compound and a phosphorescent dopant compound of a color other than blue; the blue phosphorescent dopant compound in the light emitting layer has a concentration gradient in the thickness direction; the dopant compound concentration at the positive electrode-side interface of the light emitting layer is 15-40% by mass (inclusive); and the dopant compound concentration at the negative electrode-side interface of the light emitting layer is lower than the dopant compound concentration at the positive electrode-side interface by 5% by mass or more.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
12.
PIEZOELECTRIC DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME
Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device, which comprises: a piezoelectric body formation step (S3) wherein a piezoelectric body (4) is formed on a substrate (1); and a polishing step (S7) wherein a surface of the substrate (1) is polished after the piezoelectric body formation step, said surface being on the reverse side of the surface on which the piezoelectric body (4) is formed. In the piezoelectric body formation step, the piezoelectric body (4) is formed on a substrate (1) so that the orientation thereof is in the (001) direction with respect to the surface of the substrate (1).
H01L 41/09 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements with electrical input and mechanical output
H01L 41/18 - Selection of materials for piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements
H01L 41/22 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the assembly, manufacture or treatment of piezo-electric or electrostrictive devices or of parts thereof
H01L 41/253 - Treating devices or parts thereof to modify a piezo-electric or electrostrictive property, e.g. polarisation characteristics, vibration characteristics or mode tuning
H01L 41/312 - Applying piezo-electric or electrostrictive parts or bodies onto an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezo-electric or electrostrictive bodies
H01L 41/337 - Shaping or machining of piezo-electric or electrostrictive bodies by machining by polishing or grinding
H03H 3/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of piezoelectric or electrostrictive resonators or networks
H03H 9/17 - Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material having a single resonator
13.
IMAGE PROCESSING DEVICE, IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD, AND PROGRAM
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technology that reduces visual discomfort experienced by a user when generating a pseudo-moving image viewed from a virtual viewpoint. In order to achieve this purpose, an image processing device is provided with: an image capture unit that captures a moving images that includes a plurality of frames; a target parallax setting unit that sets a target parallax for each frame, on the basis of predetermined rules for each pixel; an initial parallax setting unit that sets the initial parallax for each pixel of the first of a plurality of frames; and a parallax adjustment unit that adjusts the parallax for each pixel from the initial parallax towards the target parallax, for a plurality of frames related to a first period and a second period that sequentially follow on from the first of a plurality of frames. In the image processing device, a first rate of change, obtained by dividing the change in parallax in a first period by the length of the first period, is smaller than a second rate of change obtained by dividing the change in parallax in a second period by the length of the second period.
In the present invention, it is determined (step S20) whether or not router control allocation will be exhausted. It is determined whether or not the CPU usage rate of the router control allocation has been exhausted. If it is determined that the router control allocation will be exhausted, a sub-allocation alteration process is executed (step S22) for altering the CPU usage rate. In step S20, if it is determined that the router control allocation will not be exhausted (NO in step S20), a router control allocation subtracting process is executed (step S24).
This liquid developer contains toner particles which each comprise both a resin and a pigment, wherein the resin contains a vinyl copolymer resin that comprises, as constituent monomers, a first monomer consisting of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene (which may be substituted with lower alkyl), lower alkyl acrylates and lower alkyl methacrylates and a second monomer consisting of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, with the proportion of the second monomer being 5 to 25mol%, and the pigment comprises a first pigment and a second pigment at a specific ratio, the first pigment being carbon black, and the second pigment being at least one pigment selected from the group consisting of copper phthalocyanine blue pigment, phthalocyanine green pigment, carmine pigments, naphthol pigments and quinacridone pigments.
Provided is an organic EL element that achieves increased brightness with a fixed current and additionally achieves increased life at a fixed brightness. The organic electroluminescent element which has a plurality of light emitting units sandwiched between a positive electrode and negative electrode is characterized by the positive electrode or negative electrode being a transparent electrode containing a conductive polymer formed on a transparent support.
H05B 33/12 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
G09F 9/30 - Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
H01L 27/32 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including components using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part with components specially adapted for light emission, e.g. flat-panel displays using organic light-emitting diodes
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/26 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
17.
TRANSLATION MECHANISM, MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER, AND FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPE
A translation mechanism (19) comprises: a parallel plate spring structure (40), further comprising a fixed body (44), plate springs (41, 42) facing one another with a gap therebetween with one end (41a, 42a) of each said plate spring being fixed to the fixed body (44), and a rigid body (43) which connects the other ends (41b, 42b) of each said plate spring (41, 42); a drive unit (45) which causes translational vibrations in the other ends (41b, 42b) of the plate springs together with the rigid body (43); and a cantilever (50), one end whereof (50a) is fixed to the fixed body (44), and which extends in the same direction as the plate springs (41, 42). The eigenfrequency of the parallel plate spring structure (40) and the eigenfrequency of the cantilever (50) are approximately identical.
The present invention provides a thin film laminate, which has high film density, high film hardness and excellent adhesion between a base and a constituent layer, and which is reduced in occurrence of cracks and the like even on a flexible base. This thin film laminate comprises a constituent unit A that is configured of two or more structures A, each of which has regions, wherein the film density is continuously decreased in the thickness direction, on both sides of a high film density region. The thin film laminate is characterized in that: the structures A constituting the constituent unit A have a thickness λ (nm) of 1.0-500 nm (inclusive); the structures A have a film density ratio ρT(n)/ρB(n) (wherein ρT(n) represents the maximum film density of the nth structure, ρB(n) represents the minimum film density of the nth structure and n represents an integer) of 1.03-1.50 (inclusive); and the maximum amplitude ∆ρ (g/cm3) that is the difference between the maximum film density and the minimum film density within the constituent unit A is 0.03-1.50 (inclusive).
B32B 5/14 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
B32B 7/02 - Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
The present invention provides: an organic electroluminescent element which does not undergo the change in color of emitted light when the driving voltage is changed, has a low driving voltage, and causes little increase in voltage when driven continuously; a process for producing the organic electroluminescent element; and a display device and a lighting device, each of which is equipped with the organic electroluminescent element. The organic electroluminescent element comprises a pair of electrodes and at least a hole transport layer and a light-emitting layer all arranged on a substrate, and is characterized in that the hole transport layer contains semiconductor nanoparticles and the surface of the hole transport layer has an uneven structure.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
G09F 9/30 - Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
H01L 27/32 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including components using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part with components specially adapted for light emission, e.g. flat-panel displays using organic light-emitting diodes
Disclosed is an organic photoelectric conversion element having a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) and increased p-type semiconductor light absorption due to plasmons generated around metallic microparticles. The disclosed organic photoelectric conversion element has a charge transport layer and a photoelectric conversion layer between a transparent electrode and a counter electrode, wherein either of the layers of the aforementioned organic photoelectric conversion element contains nanoparticles coated on the surface with organic matter.
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
21.
RECORDING DEVICE, LIGHT IRRADIATION DEVICE, AND RECORDING METHOD
Disclosed is a recording device characterized in that, a first emission peak wavelength λr1 of a light irradiation device is present on the first predetermined amount short wavelength side from a first absorption peak wavelength λa1 of a photo-curable ink, and a second emission peak wavelength λr2 of the light irradiation device is equal to the first absorption peak wavelength λa1 of the photo-curable ink or present on the second predetermined amount long wavelength side.
A secondary battery type fuel cell system comprises: a hydrogen generation section that generates hydrogen by an oxidation reaction with water and can regenerate by a reduction reaction with hydrogen; and a power generation/electrolysis section having an electric power generating function and an electrolysis function for water. Gas containing hydrogen and steam are circulated between the hydrogen generation section and power generation/electrolysis section. The hydrogen generation section is constituted of a plurality of hydrogen generators (1), and a temperature control section that can individually control the temperature of each of the plurality of hydrogen generators (1) is provided.
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
C01B 3/08 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
The present invention provides: a method for manufacturing a gas barrier film, which is manufactured at high productivity, and has extremely high gas barrier performance and stability thereof with time, excellent surface smoothness and bending resistance, and high durability; a gas barrier film obtained using the method; and an organic photoelectric conversion element using the gas barrier film. In the method, after forming a coating film by applying a coating liquid containing polysilazane to a base material, a gas barrier layer is formed by applying vacuum-ultraviolet light to the coating film surface thus formed. The method is characterized in that the coating film is irradiated with the vacuum-ultraviolet light, while drying the solvent in the coating film.
B05D 3/06 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
B05D 5/00 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
B65D 65/40 - Applications of laminates for particular packaging purposes
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
This invention maintains the quantity of water in the atmosphere in the manufacture steps low, suppresses the quantity of water contained in an organic electroluminescent (EL) element, and improves light emitting initial characteristics and service-life of the organic EL element by drying process members to be used on the manufacture line of the element. This method for manufacturing an organic EL element at least includes: a step of forming a first electrode on a flexible film; a step of forming one or more organic functional layers that include at least a light emitting layer; a step of forming a second electrode; and a step of bonding a sealing member. The method is characterized in that, in at least one of the steps, a material including at least the flexible film is transferred from roll to roll, and the material to be transferred from roll to roll is dried such that the water quantity is 300 ppm or less before the transfer.
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
Provided are a stable method for forming a ceramic film and a ceramic film forming device that apply a polysilane composition to a base material and carry out modification treatment by irradiating the coating film that is formed with vacuum-ultraviolet light, making possible efficient modification of the polysilane composition with good production efficiency. To do so the method for forming a ceramic film that is used comprises an application step for forming a coating film by applying a polysilane composition on a continuously transported strip-shaped base material and a surface modification step for carrying out surface modification by irradiating this coating film with vacuum-ultraviolet light after this application step. This method is characterized by the surface modification step having a vacuum-ultraviolet irradiation means and a surface modification device provided with a surface modification chamber having an oxygen concentration of 10,000 ppm or less and an entrained air elimination chamber having an entrained air elimination means adjacent to the surface modification chamber. The entrained air elimination means controls the pressure in the entrained air elimination chamber to be higher or lower than the pressure in the surface modification chamber.
B05D 7/24 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
B05C 9/12 - Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by groups , or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation being performed after the application
B05D 3/06 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
26.
SPFS SENSOR EQUIPPED WITH NON-SPECIFIC ADSORPTION TYPE PURIFICATION MECHANISM
[Problem] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sensor area which can prevent the decrease in an assay signal and the increase in an assay blank in an surface plasmon-field enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) measurement. [Solution] The present invention provides an SPFS sensor chip characterized in that a purification area is arranged upstream of a flow path for an SPFS measurement relative to the direction of flow and a sensor area is arranged downstream of the flow path.
Provided are an active ray-curable ink, which can achieve a high fineness and natural glossiness when recording is carried out onto a non-absorptive recording medium such as a film or a laminated paper or a slightly absorptive recording medium such as a coated paper; and an active ray-curable inkjet recording method. This active ray-curable ink, which is to be used in inkjet recording, is characterized by: said active ray-curable ink undergoing reversible sol/gel phase transition depending on temperature; said active ray-curable ink containing from 1 mass% inclusive to 10 mass% exclusive of a gelling agent; and, at temperature Tm (°C) that is separately defined, the storage modulus (G') of the active ray-curable ink being from 0.1 Pa inclusive to 1000 Pa exclusive and the storage modulus (G') being smaller than the loss modulus (G") thereof.
This apparatus comprises a cleaning blade, a cleaning fluid supply unit for supplying a cleaning fluid constituting a carrier fluid, a cleaning roller for applying the cleaning fluid to a photosensitive element, and a recovery means for recovering an excess of applied cleaning fluid. The recovery means recycles the recovered cleaning fluid and feeds the recycled cleaning fluid to the cleaning fluid supply unit.
A cleaning device (6) comprises: a cleaning blade (15); a housing (11) which forms a collection tank for collecting liquid developer in the cleaning device (6); a seal member (16); and a positioning member (14) which is connected to the seal member (16) and which adjusts the position of the seal member (16). When a photoreceptor (1) rotates, a liquid build-up (22) is created at the end part of the cleaning blade (15). The liquid developer in the liquid build-up (22) drips, due to gravity, into the casing (11) acting as a collection tank, which is provided below. When the photoreceptor (1) has stopped, the position of the seal member (16) is adjusted by the positioning member (14) such that the seal member (16) comes into contact with the photoreceptor (1).
G03G 21/10 - Collecting or recycling waste developer
G03G 15/10 - Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a liquid developer
G03G 15/11 - Removing excess liquid developer e.g. by heat
G03G 15/16 - Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern
30.
QUANTIZATION DEVICE, THRESHOLD-MATRIX GENERATION METHOD, AND THRESHOLD MATRIX
Disclosed is a quantization device (200) that quantizes image data used in image formation by means of an image formation device in which a print head (H), which moves relative to recording media in a y direction, has a plurality of nozzles (N) provided along an x direction orthogonal to the y direction, at least. Said quantization device is provided with: an acquisition unit (201) that acquires image data; a memory unit (202) that stores a threshold matrix; and a quantization processing unit (203) that quantizes the image data on the basis of the image data and the threshold matrix. The threshold matrix is generated on the basis of a plurality of matrix values that indicate the presence or absence of dots in a plurality of dot patterns that have different tone values (g), being generated under layered constraint conditions and corresponding to a prescribed pixel region. In said dot patterns having tone values in the range g1 ≤ g < g2, a plurality of pixels that form each dot are contiguous in the X direction or the Y direction.
B41J 2/205 - Ink jet for printing a discrete number of tones
B41J 2/52 - Arrangement for printing a discrete number of tones, not covered by group , e.g. applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking process
[Problem] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for observing cells, a method for observing cells, and a system for observing cells with which all of the cells included in a specimen, such as sampled blood or body fluid, can be observed with a microscope easily and in a manner such that the cells are kept from overlapping one another. [Solution] The device for observing cells is characterized by having at least a super-hydrophilic surface.
The present invention provides a highly flexible near-infrared reflecting film which has achieved good near-infrared reflection characteristics by comprising layers that have different refractive indexes and which is not susceptible to bending or cracks. This near-infrared reflecting film has a multilayer film, in which films having refractive indexes different from each other are laminated, on a film, and is characterized in that: the difference of the refractive indexes between at least two adjacent layers is 0.3 or more; at least one of the two adjacent layers contains a metal oxide; and at least one of the two adjacent layers contains a polyvinyl alcohol or an inorganic polymer.
The present invention provides an organic electroluminescent element which has improved light extraction efficiency, lower driving voltage and improved light emission life, while having improved film properties. This organic electroluminescent element comprises an organic layer that is arranged between a pair of electrodes, namely a positive electrode and a negative electrode facing each other on a substrate. This organic electroluminescent element is characterized in that: the positive electrode and/or the negative electrode is configured of a transparent electrode; and at least one of the positive electrode, the negative electrode or the organic layer contains at least one kind of anisotropic fine particles selected from among anisotropic fine metal oxide particles, anisotropic fine metal salt particles and anisotropic fine organic compound particles that are composed of carbon atoms and atoms other than metal atoms, each of said anisotropic fine particles having a major axis and a minor axis.
H05B 33/26 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
34.
TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE FILM AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT
Disclosed is a transparent electrode which provides an organic EL element that has excellent transparency, conductivity and film strength and shows little deterioration in transparency, conductivity and film strength even in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment, that has excellent stability and light-emission uniformity, and that has excellent light emission life with little deterioration of light-emission uniformity. In order for the organic EL element, which employs the electrode, to have excellent life with high light-emission uniformity and little deterioration in light-emission uniformity, in a transparent conductive film comprising a first conductive layer made of metal material formed in a pattern shape on a substrate and a second conductive layer containing a conductive polymer, the second conductive layer contains a binder resin including structural units comprising a hydroxy group and structural units not comprising a hydroxy group but comprising an ester or amide bond.
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
C08F 220/28 - Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
C08F 220/58 - Amides containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen
H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/26 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
35.
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING NEAR INFRARED REFLECTIVE FILM AND NEAR INFRARED REFLECTIVE BODY PROVIDED WITH SAME
Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a near infrared reflective body in which a near infrared reflective film is manufactured that has excellent manufacturing cost performance, is capable of being employed over a large area, has excellent application stability, and has excellent resistance to refractive index irregularity in the surface. A method for manufacturing a near infrared reflective film in which a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer are alternately laminated on a support body, wherein the difference in the refractive index of adjacent high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers is at least 0.3, and the near infrared reflective film is formed using a high refractive index layer application fluid and a low refractive index layer application fluid such that, if the viscosity of the high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers at 15°C is η15 and the viscosity at 45°C is η45, the viscosity ratio (η15/η45) in each case is at least 2.0.
The present invention provides a gas barrier film having high barrier properties, folding/bending resistance and smoothness and excellent cutting suitability, and also provides an organic photoelectric conversion element equipped with the gas barrier film. The gas barrier film is characterized by having a gas barrier layer unit (5) on a side face of at least one surface of a base material (2), wherein the gas barrier layer unit (5) comprises a first barrier layer (3) formed by a chemical deposition method and a second barrier layer (4) formed by applying a silicon compound onto the first barrier layer (3) to form a coating film and modifying the coating film, and wherein the second barrier layer (4) has an unmodified region (4B) on a side facing the base material and a modified region (4A) on a side facing the front layer of the film.
The present invention provides a near-infrared reflective film and a near-infrared reflector, which can be used over large areas and are flexible, and have low haze and high visible light transmittance. The near-infrared reflective film comprises at least one unit composed of a high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer on a substrate, and is characterized in that the refractive index difference between an adjacent high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer is at least 0.1, and said high refractive index layer contains at least one type of compound (A) selected from: 1) a rutile-type titanium oxide having a volume-average particle diameter of not more than 100 nm; 2) a water-soluble polymer; and 3) the following group of compounds. Group of compounds: a carboxyl group-containing compound, hydroxamic acids, pyridine derivatives
The present invention provides a near-infrared reflective film and a near-infrared reflector provided with the same, which provide excellent manufacturing cost performance, can be used over large areas, exhibit excellent flexibility, and have high visible light transmittance. The near-infrared reflector is characterized in that, in an infrared film in which high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers are alternately laminated on a support body, the refractive index difference between adjacent high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers is at least 0.3, and at least one of the high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers contains a metal oxide and a polysaccharide thickener.
Disclosed is a method for producing a gas barrier film, wherein a coating liquid containing a polysilazane is applied and a VUV treatment is carried out, and which prevents incorporation of a modification-inhibiting adsorbate into the coating film, thereby further improving the gas barrier performance. In the method for producing a gas barrier film, a coating film is formed by applying a coating liquid that contains a polysilazane over the surface of a film, and after having the resulting film pass through a drying zone, the film is irradiated with vacuum ultraviolet light from the coating film side and modified. The method for producing a gas barrier film is characterized in that an inert gas is supplied into the drying zone so that the oxygen concentration therein is 10% or less.
B05D 7/24 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 3/02 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
B05D 3/06 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
Disclosed is a fuel cell comprising a fuel electrode (2), an oxidizing agent electrode (3), an electrolyte membrane (1) sandwiched between the fuel electrode (2) and the oxidizing agent electrode (3), a fuel supply unit (4) for supplying a fuel to the fuel electrode (2), and an oxidizing agent supply unit (5) for supplying an oxidizing agent to the oxidizing agent electrode (3). Each of the fuel electrode (2), the oxidizing agent electrode (3), the electrolyte membrane (1), the fuel supply unit (4) and the oxidizing agent supply unit (5) has a solid structure.
Disclosed are: a weather-resistant barrier film which has extremely high gas barrier performance, excellent ultraviolet blocking properties and excellent water resistance; and an organic electronic device such as an organic photoelectric conversion element or an organic EL element, which uses the barrier film. Specifically disclosed is a gas barrier film which comprises a gas barrier layer on at least one surface of a resin substrate, while having a weather-resistant layer, which contains fine metal oxide particles and a resin binder, on another surface of the resin substrate, said another surface being on the reverse side of the surface on which the gas barrier layer is provided. The gas barrier film is characterized in that the amount of the fine metal oxide particles is 50-80% by mass (inclusive) based on the total mass of the fine metal oxide particles and the resin binder and that the resin binder contains an active light-curable resin.
B32B 27/18 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
[Problem] To provide a fluorescence detection device which can produce measurement results having reduced fluctuations and can achieve the detection of an analyte with high accuracy and a fluorescence detection method using the device. [Solution] A fluorescence detection device in which excited light is ejected from a light source to release an evanescent wave from a reflection surface, thereby exciting a fluorescence substance that labels an analyte immobilized on the reflection surface, and the excited fluorescence is detected by a light detection means, and a fluorescence detection method using the device. The fluorescence detection device and the fluorescence detection method using the device are so adapted that a chip structure comprising a reflection surface and a reaction layer formed on the reflection surface is attached to or removed from a main body of the device upon use or is fixed on the main body of the device upon use, wherein the reaction layer comprises a flow path and a reaction area which is formed in the flow path and has a ligand for capturing the analyte, and wherein the relationship between the size of the reaction area formed in the flow path and the size of an excitation area which is an area to be irradiated with the excited light for exciting the fluorescent substance that has labeled the analyte captured in the reaction area are so defined as to fulfill the following relationship: the reaction area > the excitation area.
G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
G01N 33/543 - ImmunoassayBiospecific binding assayMaterials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
43.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT
The present invention provides a process for producing an organic electroluminescent (EL) element, which involves a vacuum film formation step using a flexible film, and which can improve the driving voltage, the occurrence of dark spots or the like, the light-emitting properties and the service life of the organic EL element. Specifically provided is a process for producing an organic EL element, which comprises at least a step of forming a first electrode, an organic functional layer comprising a light-emitting layer and a second electrode in this order on a flexible film (a long base material) and uses at least one of a leader film and a side tape. The process is characterized in that the step involves a vacuum film formation step using a vacuum film formation device, the flexible film to be introduced into the vacuum film formation device and at least one of the leader film and the side tape are dried prior to the introduction into the vacuum film formation device, and the vacuum film formation step is carried out at a water partial pressure of 5×10-5 Pa or less.
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
44.
GAS BARRIER FILM PRODUCTION METHOD, GAS BARRIER FILM, AND ORGANIC PHOTOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER
Disclosed is a gas barrier film production method comprising: a coating step in which an application liquid containing a polysilazane compound is applied on a substrate to form a coating film; and an ultraviolet irradiation step in which the substrate is moved relative to a light source, and vacuum ultraviolet light is applied to the coating film, thereby forming a gas barrier layer. In the ultraviolet irradiation step, the illuminance of the vacuum ultraviolet light received by the coating film on the coating film surface is not more than 160 mW/cm2, and the amount of energy of the vacuum ultraviolet light on the coating film surface received during an interval (T), in which the illuminance of the vacuum ultraviolet light on the coating film surface is between 50 mW/cm2 and 160 mW/cm2, is between 180 mJ/cm2 and 1800 mJ/cm2. The gas barrier film production method is suitable for the roll-to-roll production method, and enables gas barrier films to be produced with excellent productivity, and excellent gas barrier performance.
B05D 7/24 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 3/06 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
H01L 31/04 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
45.
AQUEOUS INKJET INK, AND METHOD FOR FORMING INKJET IMAGE
Disclosed is an aqueous inkjet ink which contains water, a pigment, an organic or inorganic acid, an amine, a resin that has a higher pKa than the organic or inorganic acid, and a crosslinking agent. The aqueous inkjet ink exhibits excellent abrasion resistance even in cases where the drying time is short, while having high bleeding resistance and high storage stability. Also disclosed is a method for forming an inkjet image.
Disclosed are: an organic photoelectric conversion element which has improved short-circuit current density (Jsc) by reducing the optical loss of a charge transport layer, while achieving excellent fill factor (FF) by reducing damage to the charge transport layer during the formation of a counter electrode and suppressing leakage; and a method for manufacturing the organic photoelectric conversion element. Specifically disclosed is an organic photoelectric conversion element which comprises, between a first electrode and a second electrode, at least a power generating layer that contains a p-type semiconductor material and an n-type semiconductor material and a charge transport layer that mainly transports either holes or electrons. The organic photoelectric conversion element is characterized in that the charge transport layer contains a polymer (A) that has at least one unit structure selected from the three unit structures described below.
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
47.
TRANSPARENT CONDUCTOR, ORGANIC EL ELEMENT, AND ORGANIC PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT
Disclosed is a novel transparent conductor which, when used in the production of a flexible organic electronic element (e.g., an organic EL element, an organic solar cell) having both high electrical conductivity and high transparency, can impart good properties to the organic electronic element. Specifically disclosed is a transparent conductor which comprises a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer containing carbon nanotubes and formed on the transparent substrate, and which is characterized in that the transparent conductive layer has an average transmittance of 70% or more at a spectral wavelength of 400-700 nm and a sheet resistance value of less than 10Ω/□ at 25˚C and 50% RH, and the surface of the transparent conductive layer has a calculated surface roughness (Ra) of 10 nm or less and a 10-point average roughness (Rz) of 40 nm or less.
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
B82Y 20/00 - Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/26 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
48.
ORGANIC PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT AND SOLAR CELL USING SAME
Disclosed is an organic photoelectric conversion element which has a reverse layer structure wherein at least a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode are arranged on a substrate in this order. The organic photoelectric conversion element is characterized in that: the photoelectric conversion layer is a bulk heterojunction layer that is composed of a p-type organic semiconductor material and an n-type organic semiconductor material; and a compound that has a linear or branched fluorinated alkyl group having 6-20 carbon atoms is contained as the p-type organic semiconductor material.
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
49.
METHOD FOR FORMATION OF ORGANIC THIN FILM LAYER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT
Disclosed are: an organic thin film layer formation method for forming at least one organic thin film layer having a stable film thickness by applying a coating solution for organic thin film layer formation use by a coating mode on a strip-shaped base material that is conveyed continuously, without causing drying unevenness; and a method for producing an organic EL element by the aforementioned method. Specifically disclosed is an organic thin film layer formation method which comprises a coating step of coating a coating solution for organic thin film layer formation use on a strip-shaped base material that is supported on a back roll and is conveyed by the back roll and a drying step of drying a coating film that has been formed in the coating step, and is characterized in that the drying step is carried out using a drying apparatus which is equipped with the back roll and a drying chamber placed on the back roll.
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
B05D 3/02 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
F26B 13/30 - Arrangements of devices using drying processes not involving heating for applying suction, e.g. through perforated rollers
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
50.
INTERFEROMETER AND FOURIER TRANSFORMATION SPECTROPHOTOMETER
In a first optical system (10), light from a measurement optical input section (11) is divided at a BS (13) and guided to a moving mirror (15) and a fixed mirror (14). The light obtained by reflection at the moving mirror (15) and the fixed mirror (14) is combined at the BS (13) to form first interference light which is guided to a first optical detector (17). The moving mirror (15) is moved in the direction of the optical axis of the incoming light by means of a drive mechanism (18). An inclination correction section (100) implements drive for the fixed mirror (14) for example, in order to correct the relative inclination of the light reflected by the moving mirror (15) and the light reflected by the fixed mirror (14), said relative inclination being produced by the inclination of the moving mirror (15) during drive implemented by the drive mechanism (18). The drive for the moving mirror (15) implemented by the drive mechanism (18) is resonant drive, and the drive for the fixed mirror (14) implemented by the inclination correction section (100) is non-resonant drive.
An inkjet head (3) comprises: a wiring board (80) which has, two-dimensionally arranged thereon, sets of nozzles (11), pressure chambers (41), and actuators (60) and which also has lines of wiring (91) which are connected respectively to the actuators, through-vias (85) which are connected respectively to the lines of wiring, and ink flow paths (88) which supply ink respectively to the pressure chambers; and connection sections (110, 111) which connect the lines of wiring to a drive section. The nozzles are arranged in N rows (N is an integer greater than or equal to 2), with each of the N rows comprising M nozzles (M is an integer greater than or equal to 2) which are arranged rectilinearly. The through-vias which correspond to the nozzles in the first row are disposed at positions closer to the connection section than the ink flow paths which correspond to the nozzles in the first row, and the through-vias which correspond to the nozzles in the N-th row are disposed at positions closer to the connection section than the ink flow paths which correspond to the nozzles in the N-th row. The configuration enables the nozzles to be more densely arranged and the reliability of the lines of wiring to be improved.
B41J 2/045 - Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
B41J 2/055 - Devices for absorbing or preventing back-pressure
An inkjet head (3) comprises: a wiring board (80) which has, two-dimensionally arranged thereon, sets of nozzles (11), pressure chambers (41), and actuators (60) and which also has lines of wiring (87, 91), through-vias (85), and ink flow paths (88); and connection sections (110, 111) which connect the lines of wiring to a drive section, the connection sections (110, 111) being disposed outside the arrangement region (R) in which the sets of the nozzles, the pressure chambers, and the actuators are arranged two-dimensionally. The nozzles are arranged in N rows (N is an integer greater than or equal to 2), with each of the N rows comprising M nozzles (M is an integer greater than or equal to 2) which are arranged rectilinearly. The through-vias which correspond to the nozzles of arbitrary n nozzle rows of the N nozzle rows (1 ≤ n < N) are provided in the arrangement region, and the through-vias which correspond to the nozzles of the nozzle rows other than the arbitrary n nozzle rows are disposed outside the arrangement region. Thus, the simple configuration enables the space of the wiring board to be effectively utilized to reduce cost, enables the nozzles to be more densely arranged, and can improve the reliability of the lines of wiring.
B41J 2/045 - Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
B41J 2/055 - Devices for absorbing or preventing back-pressure
53.
GAS BARRIER FILM AND GAS BARRIER FILM FORMATION METHOD
Disclosed is a gas barrier formation method which, without heat treating a coating film formed by applying a coating liquid containing polysilazanes, has high gas barrier performance achieved by an extremely quick modification treatment of a few seconds; also disclosed is a gas barrier film. In the disclosed gas barrier film formation method, a discharge gas containing an inert gas is supplied to the surface of a coating film formed by coating a substrate with a coating liquid containing polysilazanes. Plasma formed in a discharge space to which a high frequency electric field is applied, or light emitted from said plasma, is irradiated onto the surface of the aforementioned coating film to modify the same and to form a gas barrier film. The aforementioned discharge gas contains at least a carbon dioxide gas or carbon monoxide gas, the content thereof being between 0.01 volume% and 3.0 volume%, and the frequency of the aforementioned high frequency electric field is in the microwave range between 300 and 30,000 MHz.
B05D 5/00 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
B05D 3/04 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
B05D 7/24 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
Disclosed is an organic electroluminescent element having improved luminance half-life and voltage increase during drive time. The disclosed organic electroluminescent element comprises a substrate, an anode and a cathode which are on the substrate, and a plurality of organic functional layers which are sandwiched between the electrodes. The organic functional layers comprise at least a hole injection layer and a light emitting layer, and there is at least one intermediary layer containing fluorinated polymers, which is between two arbitrary organic functional layers amongst the plurality of organic functional layers.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
The disclosed liquid-delivery device (20) has a channel (11), an opening (16) of which is sealed by a sealing film (17), and delivers a liquid to a test chip (10). Said liquid-delivery device (20) is provided with: a nozzle (22) that discharges or suctions a liquid into the channel (11); a reciprocal movement means (30) that moves the nozzle (22) closer to or further away from the test chip (10), with the tip of the nozzle (22) pointed towards the aforementioned opening (16); and a control means (50) that controls the reciprocal movement means (30). The outside diameter of the nozzle (22) decreases towards the tip thereof. Each time the control means (50) inserts the nozzle (22) into the channel (11) via the opening (16), the control means inserts the tip of the nozzle (22) further past the opening (16) than the previous time.
G01N 35/10 - Devices for transferring samples to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
G01N 35/08 - Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups Handling materials therefor using a stream of discrete samples flowing along a tube system, e.g. flow injection analysis
G01N 37/00 - Details not covered by any other group of this subclass
Disclosed is a process for producing an analysis element chip (10) which can be used in a surface plasmon resonance analyzer or a surface plasmon resonance fluorescent analyzer, and in which a prism (11) having a metal film (15) formed on a predetermined surface (13) thereof is provided. The process involves a film formation step of forming the metal film (15) on the predetermined surface (13) of the prism (11), and is characterized in that the metal film (15) having a predetermined thickness (D3) is produced in the film formation step, wherein the predetermined thickness (D3) is determined on the basis of the boundary thickness (D2) that is a film thickness achieved when a film formation rate, i.e., the relationship between the film formation time and the thickness of the metal film (15) formed, is varied.
G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
Disclosed is a maintenance device (5) for performing maintenance with respect to a recording head (1) comprising a nozzle surface (10) provided with a plurality of nozzles to discharge ink from the nozzles, wherein the maintenance device is provided with a liquid flowing pump (50) for discharging air bubbles retained inside of the recording head (1) with the ink from the nozzles, an ink scraping member (52) which scrapes and removes the ink attached to the nozzle surface (10) by allowing the ink to move along the nozzle surface (10) under the conditions that the ink scraping member is not in contact with the nozzle surface (10), and an ink absorber (53) which abuts the nozzle surface (10) to absorb the ink attached to the nozzle surface (10).
The disclosed fluorescence measurement method increases the efficiency of detection of fluorescence emitted from fluorescent molecules generated as a result of an enzyme reaction, thereby providing increased sensitivity and allowing fluorescent substrates from conventional enzyme reactions to be used as is. Said fluorescence measurement method includes: a step (b) wherein water-soluble macromolecules and fluorescent-molecule precursor molecules are introduced onto an enzyme-immobilizing substrate; a step (c) wherein an enzyme reaction is induced on the enzyme-immobilizing substrate and the fluorescent-molecule precursor molecules are converted to fluorescent molecules; a step (d) wherein the fluorescent molecules are bound to the aforementioned water-soluble macromolecules, thereby forming fluorescent-molecule/water-soluble-macromolecule complexes on the enzyme-immobilizing substrate; and a step (e) wherein fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent-molecule/water-soluble-macromolecule complexes is detected.
G01N 21/78 - Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
A ink-jet recording device is provided with a head for discharging droplets of ink, a flow path for supplying the ink to the head, said flow path including, in a portion thereof, a storage unit for storing the ink, a storage unit pressure adjustment unit for adjusting the pressure applied to the ink in the storage unit, and a temperature adjustment unit capable of adjusting the temperatures of the flow path and the head independently of each other. The temperature adjustment unit controls the temperatures of the flow path and the head so as to change the ink in the head from a solid to a liquid after the pressure is adjusted by the storage unit pressure adjustment unit so as to change the ink in the flow path from a solid to a liquid.
Disclosed are: an organic EL material which emits light having a short wavelength and has high luminous efficiency and long light emission life; an organic EL element which contains the organic EL material; and a lighting device and a display device, each of which comprises the organic EL element.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
The disclosed device and method suppress damage to thin film glass caused by unevenly distributed stress generated in rolled thin film glass. The disclosed conveyance device (1) conveys long length thin film glass (G) along the lengthwise direction thereof via a feed roll (42), and winds the glass into a roll by means of a winding roll (3) which is adjacent to the feed roll (42). The feed roll (42) is arranged such that the length of the thin film glass (G), stretching between the feed roll (42) and the rolled glass wound by the winding roll (3), in the conveyance direction of said thin film glass, is at least 200mm.
C03B 35/00 - Transporting of glass products during their manufacture
B65D 85/48 - Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure for glass sheets
B65D 85/672 - Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for web or tape-like material wound in flat spiral form on cores
B65G 49/06 - Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for for fragile or damageable materials or articles for fragile sheets, e.g. glass
B65H 26/04 - Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions, for web-advancing mechanisms responsive to presence of irregularities in running webs for variation in tension
B65H 27/00 - Special constructions, e.g. surface features, of feed or guide rollers for webs
62.
PHOTOCURABLE INK JET INK, METHOD FOR FORMING IMAGE, MALEIMIDE DERIVATIVE AND PHOTOCURABLE COMPOSITION
B41M 5/00 - Duplicating or marking methodsSheet materials for use therein
C07D 207/452 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having two doubly-bound oxygen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 5 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms, e.g. maleimide with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
C07D 209/48 - Iso-indolesHydrogenated iso-indoles with oxygen atoms in positions 1 and 3, e.g. phthalimide
Damage that occurs to thin-film glass during conveyance is suppressed by a device for conveying thin-film glass which conveys elongated thin-film glass in the longitudinal direction by means of a plurality of conveyor rolls, characterised by the plurality of conveyor rolls being constructed in such a way that the circumferential surfaces of the conveyor rolls comprise: first circumferential surface portions which face both end sections of the thin-film glass in the width direction; and a second circumferential surface portion which faces the inside section of the thin-film glass in the width direction excluding both of the aforementioned end sections in the width direction, and the second circumferential surface portion makes contact with the thin-film glass at a greater contact pressure than the first circumferential surface portions.
C03B 35/00 - Transporting of glass products during their manufacture
B65G 49/06 - Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for for fragile or damageable materials or articles for fragile sheets, e.g. glass
The disclosed liquid developer is characterized by: containing toner particles, an insulating liquid, and a dispersing agent; said toner particles containing at least resin and a pigment dispersed within said resin; said resin being a polyester resin that contains, as an acid component, an aromatic compound that is at least trifunctional at a mole ratio of 4-44% with respect to all the acid components; said pigment containing a first pigment and a second pigment; said first pigment being carbon black and being contained at 12-40 masses for every 100 masses of said resin; said second pigment comprising at least one pigment selected from the group consisting of a copper phthalocyanine blue pigment, a phthalocyanine green pigment, a carmine pigment, a naphthol pigment, and a quinacridone pigment, and being contained at 10-100 mass% with respect to said first pigment.
A fuel cell device is equipped with a fuel cell main body (10), and a current control unit (20). The fuel cell main body (10) has: a fuel electrode (102); an oxidant electrode (103); an electrolyte (101) sandwiched between the fuel electrode (102) and the oxidant electrode (103); and a hydrogen generating member (104) which generates hydrogen by an oxidation reaction with water. The current control unit (20) requests a current control value in response to the oxidation status of the aforementioned hydrogen generating member (104) on the basis of the voltage of the fuel cell main body (10) and the current output from the fuel cell main body (10) when power is being generated, and controls the current output from the fuel cell main body (10) in response to the requested current control value.
Provided is a drive device (20, 40) for an organic electro luminescence (EL) element, which drives an organic EL element (2) at a constant current, and can change the value of constant current in accordance with the brightness control. The drive device for an organic EL element is comprised of a power source (3) connected in series to the organic EL element, and a current control unit (4, 10) connected in series to the organic EL element. The current control unit is comprised of a current detection circuit (9) having a resistor for detecting the value of current flowing through the organic EL element. The current control unit sets the current that should flow through the organic EL element to a predetermined value in accordance with the brightness control, and controls the current flowing through the organic EL element at a predetermined value in accordance with the output of the current detection circuit. The value at the resistor of the current detection circuit is changed depending on the brightness control.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
67.
ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT
Disclosed are: an organic electroluminescent element which has high power efficiency, excellent resistance to luminance decrease due to continuous operation and excellent storage stability at high temperatures, while being reduced in chromaticity change of color developing light; and a method for manufacturing the organic electroluminescent element. Specifically disclosed is an organic electroluminescent element that has a positive electrode and a negative electrode on a supporting substrate, while comprising an organic layer, which contains at least one light-emitting layer, between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The organic electroluminescent element is characterized in that at least one layer in the organic layer contains a crown ether compound and a compound having a dibenzofuran skeleton.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
Provided is an ultraviolet-light curable inkjet ink and an inkjet image formation method that uses said inkjet ink. The inkjet ink can be discharged from an inkjet head without being diluted by a solvent, has high photocuring sensitivity and produces high quality images with excellent weather resistance (smear resistance). The inkjet ink is characterised by a polymer compound that contains a compound selected from a chiral group containing maleimide compound, a vinyl ether compound and an N-vinyl compound, in an ultraviolet-light curable inkjet ink that contains at least the polymer compound.
Disclosed is an analysis element chip (10) which is used for surface plasmon resonance analysis devices or surface plasmon resonance fluorescence analysis devices, and which is provided with a prism (11), a metal thin film (15) formed on the surface of a predetermined side (13) of the prism (11) and having a surface (15a) to which a physiologically active substance (16) is affixed, and a flow path member (20) for forming a flow path (21) through which a sample flows while the sample is in contact with the metal thin film (15), wherein the metal thin film (15) attaches to the predetermined side (13) at an attachment strength in which the critical peeling limit value is 60 mN or more or at an attachment strength in which the metal thin film (15) does not peel off from the predetermined side (13) in a predetermined tape peeling test.
G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
Disclosed is an SPFS sensor chip by which an antigen-antibody reaction or fluorescence can be detected at the maximum efficiency. The SPFS sensor chip, which comprises a transparent substrate, a metal film, an SAM, a solid phase layer having a three-dimensional structure and a ligand, is characterized in that, in said sensor chip, the fluctuation rate represented by the following formula is 0-30% inclusive: [half-width (α)-half width (β)]/half width (β)×100 [wherein half-width (α) is obtained from a graph that is drawn by plotting the intensity of reflected light of light entering at a definite angle from one surface of said transparent substrate, said surface not being in contact with the metal film and said reflected light intensity being measured with a light intensity detector placed on the opposite surface side of the transparent substrate, against the angle; and half width (β) represents the half width of the sensor chip comprising the transparent substrate and the metal film].
The present invention: directs a light beam (α) onto a prism (21) having a metal thin film (25) formed on a specific surface (23), changing the angle of incidence (θ) relative to the metal thin film (25) in a state of full reflection; measures light emitted on the surface (25a)-side of the metal thin film (25) as a result of the reflection of the light beam (α) by the metal thin film (25); determines the angle of incidence (θ 5) at which to direct the light beam (a) onto the metal thin film (25) on the basis of the measured variation in light intensity; adjusts the direction in which said light beam is directed so that the light beam (α) is directed onto the metal thin film (25) at the determined angle of incidence (θ 5); and measures fluorescent light emitted at the surface (25a)-side of the metal thin film (25) while the light beam (α) is being directed in the adjusted direction.
Disclosed is an illumination apparatus, wherein uneven light emission that a user is able to sense is alleviated. In order to achieve this purpose, the illumination apparatus is provided with a power feeding section; and a planar light emitting section comprising a light emitting face that emits light in accordance with the voltage applied thereto by the power feeding section, and that emits light in planar form. The planar light emitting section is made so as to generate a spatially periodic brightness fluctuation having a substantially constant amplitude.
H05B 33/12 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
73.
INTERFEROMETER, AND FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROMETRY DEVICE
Reference light (semiconductor laser beam) from a reference light source (21) is converted into parallel light by means of a collimating optical system (22), is divided by means of a BS (13), and is reflected by means of a moving mirror (16) and a fixed mirror (15). Subsequently, the reference light is combined by means of the BS (13) and is guided to a second light detector (25) as reference interference light. A correction unit (30) detects and corrects, on the basis of the received light signal of the reference interference light from the second light detector (25), the angle between the light which entered to a first light detector (18) via the moving mirror (16) and the light which entered the first light detector (18) via the fixed mirror (15). In the abovementioned configuration, the size of the light emission surface of the reference light source (21) is smaller than the size of the light emission surface of the measurement light which enters the BS (13).
Disclosed are: an organic photoelectric conversion element containing a fullerene derivative, which can provide a high fill factor for the purpose of achieving high photoelectric conversion efficiency using a low-band-gap polymer; a solar cell; and an optical sensor array. The organic photoelectric conversion element is characterized by comprising a counter electrode, a transparent electrode, and an organic layer which is formed between the counter electrode and the transparent electrode and contains a compound represented by general formula (1) and having a molecular weight of 5000 or less. (In the formula, R1 and R2 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and "FLN" represents a fullerene mother nucleus.)
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
C07C 15/56 - Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic part substituted by unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals polycyclic condensed
C07C 22/08 - Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom having unsaturation in the rings containing six-membered aromatic rings containing fluorine
C07C 43/215 - Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic rings
C07C 321/28 - Sulfides, hydropolysulfides, or polysulfides having thio groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
C07D 333/06 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulfur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
C07F 7/08 - Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
H01L 31/10 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. phototransistors
75.
LIGHT EXTRACTION SHEET, ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT, AND LIGHTING DEVICE
Disclosed are: a non-conventional light extraction sheet which has a good balance between improvement of the light extraction efficiency and suppression of color change with the angle of observation; an organic EL element using the light extraction sheet; and a lighting device using the organic EL element. Specifically disclosed is a light extraction sheet which is characterized by comprising, on a transparent resin film, a light diffusion layer that is obtained by dispersing light diffusing particles having an average particle diameter of 0.2-1.0 μm (inclusive) in a binder resin and a recessed and projected layer that contains a binder resin and spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 3-10 μm (inclusive).
F21V 3/04 - GlobesBowlsCover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
Disclosed is an electrode for an organic electronic device, which can exhibit improved optical performance without causing leakage between electrodes, the disturbance in device performance around a pattern of a metal fine wire or the like. Specifically disclosed is an electrode for an organic electronic device, which comprises a base material, a pattern of an electrically conductive metal fine wire formed on the base material, and a layer containing an electrically conductive polymer (an electrically-conductive-polymer-containing layer) formed on the pattern. The electrode is characterized in that a part of the electrically-conductive-polymer-containing layer which lies on an area having the metal fine wire has a thickness of 100 to 2000 nm and the difference in level between the surface of a part of the electrically-conductive-polymer-containing layer which lies on an area having the metal fine wire and the surface of a part of the electrically-conductive-polymer-containing layer which lies on an area having no metal fine wire in the area having the pattern of the metal fine wire is 100 to 800 nm inclusive.
H05B 33/26 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
Disclosed is a fuel cell device that has a hydrogen-generating member, can promote the generation of hydrogen by the hydrogen-generating member, and has favorable electricity-generating efficiency. The fuel cell device is provided with: an electricity-generating unit having a fuel electrode (102), an air electrode (103), and an electrolyte film (101) sandwiched between the fuel electrode (102) and the air electrode (103); a hydrogen-generating member (104) that, by means of an oxidation reaction with water, generates hydrogen for supplying to the fuel electrode (102) of the aforementioned electricity-generating unit; a heater (105) that heats the hydrogen-generating member (104); a temperature sensor (106) that detects the temperature of the hydrogen-generating member (104); and a temperature control unit (20) that controls the temperature of the hydrogen-generating member (104) in response to the detection results of the temperature sensor (106). The temperature control unit (20) stops the passage of electricity through the heater (105) when it has been determined that the temperature of the hydrogen-generating member (104) is at least a predetermined temperature.
Disclosed is an organic EL light-emitting element comprising: a transparent support (101); a transparent first electrode (102) arranged on the transparent support; an organic layer (104) containing a light-emitting layer and arranged on the first electrode; a second electrode (106) arranged on the organic layer that contains the light-emitting layer; an insulating layer (107) arranged on the second electrode; and an electrically conductive layer (108) arranged on the insulating layer. The electrically conductive layer is bound to the first electrode and is grounded together with the first electrode. The organic layer containing the light-emitting layer is sealed with the transparent support and the electrically conductive layer.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
79.
PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR, AND INK-JET HEAD PROVIDED WITH SAME
Disclosed are a piezoelectric actuator and an ink-jet head provided with the same, said piezoelectric actuator exhibiting no decrease in displacement caused by the deformation of the piezoelectric layer, no possibility of the occurrence of cracks even if the piezoelectric layer is repeatedly deformed, as well as enabling the stable manufacture of an upper electrode and lead-out section thereof by a film forming method. The disclosed piezoelectric actuator (1) has a lower electrode (14), a piezoelectric layer (15) and an upper electrode (18) layered in order on a diaphragm (11a). The piezoelectric layer (15) is arranged on the inside of the upward-extending surfaces of side wall surfaces (10a) of a substrate (10) which form a pressure chamber (20). The upper electrode (18) is arranged facing the piezoelectric layer (15). A lead-out section (24) electrically connected to the upper electrode (18) is integrally formed with the upper electrode (18), and a buffer member (25) having approximately the same thickness of the piezoelectric layer (15) and comprising a resin having a lower Young's modulus than the piezoelectric layer (15) is formed between the upper surface of the lower electrode (14) and the lower surface of the lead-out section (24). The buffer member (25) is provided contiguous with the piezoelectric layer (15) over the upward extension of the side wall surfaces (10a) of the substrate (10).
H01L 41/09 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements with electrical input and mechanical output
B41J 2/045 - Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
B41J 2/055 - Devices for absorbing or preventing back-pressure
H01L 41/18 - Selection of materials for piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements
H01L 41/22 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the assembly, manufacture or treatment of piezo-electric or electrostrictive devices or of parts thereof
The pressure chamber (21) and auxiliary chamber (23) of an electromechanical conversion element (1) are formed in a substrate (11) and are communicatively connected to each other. A lower electrode (33), a driving body, and an upper electrode (35) are formed in this order on a driven membrane (13) forming the upper wall surface (21a) of the pressure chamber (21) and auxiliary chamber (23). The driving body is positioned above the pressure chamber (21), is smaller than the cross-sectional shape of the pressure chamber (21), and has: a planar-shaped action portion (31p) having a substantially identical horizontal-to-vertical ratio in a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate (11); and a lead-out portion (31a) extended from the action portion (31p) to above the auxiliary chamber (23). The auxiliary chamber (23) has a width in a second direction smaller than the width of the pressure chamber (21), the second direction being orthogonal to a first direction toward which the auxiliary chamber (23) and the pressure chamber (21) are arranged side by side and being parallel to the surface of the substrate (11). The lead-out portion (31a) of the driving body has a width in the second direction smaller than the width of the auxiliary chamber (23).
H02N 2/00 - Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
B41J 2/045 - Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
B41J 2/055 - Devices for absorbing or preventing back-pressure
B81B 3/00 - Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
H01L 41/09 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements with electrical input and mechanical output
Disclosed is a threshold matrix generating method involving: a step for generating q(x, y, g) in which the number of dots in an initial dot pattern is varied; a step for calculating an error matrix (ERR(x, y, g)) of q(x, y, g); a step for calculating AVE(a, b) which represents the homogeneity of the number of dots in small sections into which the dot pattern has been divided; a step for determining the two pixels, of which the dot positions are to be switched, on the basis of ERR (x, y, g) and AVE(a, b); a step for switching the dot positions; a step for calculating the evaluation value (MSE(n)) of q(x, y, g) after the positional switch; a step for repeating the positional switch of the dots until a q(x, y, g) satisfying MSN(n)
H04N 1/405 - Halftoning, i.e. converting the picture signal of a continuous-tone original into a corresponding signal showing only two levels
B41J 2/52 - Arrangement for printing a discrete number of tones, not covered by group , e.g. applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking process
Disclosed is a technology whereby inspection relating to a leak current from a light emitting device can be performed with a simple configuration. A current for inspection, said current flowing in the forward direction, is supplied to one or more light emitting devices by means of a power supply unit, and information relating to luminance of the light emitting devices that are emitting light corresponding to the current for inspection is acquired by a measuring unit. Then, when one or more conditions with respect to the light emitting devices are met, it is determined by a determining unit that a leak current exceeding an allowable value can be generated, said conditions being a first condition wherein an evaluation value relating to the luminance is a first threshold value or less, and a second condition wherein the lower limit value of a current, which is, on the basis of the luminance, estimated to be necessary for emission of the light emitting devices, is a second threshold value or more.
H05B 33/12 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
The disclosed fuel cell device is provided with a fuel cell body (10) and a reduction control unit (20). The fuel cell body (10) is provided with a fuel electrode (102), an air electrode (103), an electrolyte film (101) held between the fuel electrode (102) and the air electrode (103), and a hydrogen-generating member (104) which generates hydrogen by means of causing a reaction with the water generated in power generation. During regenerative use of a motor (301) driven by power supplied from the aforementioned fuel cell device, the reduction control unit (20) uses the regenerative power generated by the motor (301) to regenerate the hydrogen-generating member (104).
Disclosed is an optical path correcting device (31) which has a reflecting mirror, a rotating member (51), a piezoelectric element (52) as a displacement member, and a connecting member (56). The rotating member (51) has a supporting surface (51a1) that supports the reflecting mirror, and the rotating member can rotate with the rotating center (P) at the center. The piezoelectric element (52) is provided on the side opposite to the reflecting mirror with respect to the rotating member (51), and the piezoelectric element can expand/contract in the direction wherein the distance between the rotating member (51) and the piezoelectric element changes. The connecting member (56) connects together an end surface (52S), which is perpendicular to the expanding/contracting direction of the piezoelectric element (52), and the rotating member (51). The connecting member (56) has, when viewed from the expanding/contracting direction, an operating region (56a), which transmits the expansion/contraction of the piezoelectric element (52) to the rotating member (51). The operating region (56a) is narrower than the end surface (52S) of the piezoelectric element (52), and the operating region corresponds to a partial region (52S1) of the end surface (52S), said partial region being close to the rotating center (P) of the end surface.
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
Disclosed is a method—which is for producing printed matter, and which has: a discharge step wherein a droplet of active energy-ray cured inkjet ink containing a polymerizable compound, a photopolymerization initiator, and a gelling agent is supplied onto a recording medium by means of ejection from an inkjet recording head; and an active energy-ray radiating step wherein active energy rays are radiated at the inkjet ink that has been discharged onto said recording medium, and an image is formed—that is characterized by having a step (A) for, before said active energy-ray radiating step, applying an electromagnetic field having a longer wavelength than the absorption wavelength of the photopolymerization initiator contained in said inkjet ink to said recording medium from the side that forms an image, and that provides printed matter having an image that has excellent resistance to image abrasion, excellent evenness of gloss, and excellent evenness of image concentration.
Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a transparent electrode, which provides an organic electronic element that has excellent durability and is excellent in terms of uniformity of the performance of an organic functional layer while high transparency and conductivity are also maintained. The method for manufacturing a transparent electrode includes: step (1) for forming, on a transparent support body, a conductive metal layer that has a metal fine wire structure; step (2), subsequent to step (1), for manufacturing a transparent electrode plate by forming, on the conductive metal layer, a conductive polymer layer that contains a polymer (A) and a conductive polymer having polyanions and π-conjugated conductive polymer molecules; and step (3), subsequent to step (2), for manufacturing a transparent electrode by performing chemical etching treatment on the transparent electrode plate. A transparent electrode which is obtained by the method for manufacturing a transparent electrode, and an organic electronic element which uses the transparent electrode, are also disclosed.
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
The disclosed inkjet recording head (1)—which is provided with: nozzles (111); pressure chambers (131); a head substrate (10) that comprises a piezoelectric element; wiring for supplying electricity to the piezoelectric element; a circuit board (20) wherein the wiring and electrodes are joined in a manner so as to be electrically connected; a common ink chamber (41); and individual ducts (60) that penetrate the circuit board (20) and that are for supplying to each pressure chamber (131)—is characterized by: the head substrate (10) and the circuit board (20) being joined with a predetermined gap formed therebetween by means of a plurality of struts (30); the plurality of struts (30) being individually disposed leaving spacing therebetween; the gap between the head substrate (10) and the circuit board (20) being continuous aside from the portions where the struts (30) are; and the individual ducts (60) each being formed passing within a strut (30).
B41J 2/045 - Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
B41J 2/055 - Devices for absorbing or preventing back-pressure
Provided are an electrochemical display element that has excellent driving stability and durability, and a manufacturing method therefor. The disclosed display element contains at least one pair of counter electrodes and a compound that is disposed in between the pair of electrodes and undergoes coloration, decoloration, or discoloration via an electrochemical reaction on the surface of at least one of the electrodes. The display element is characterized in that a compound having a charge imbalance in the molecular structure is included between the counter electrodes and in that the work function φ'(V) of the electrodes with the compound having the charge imbalance in the molecular structure adsorbed thereto, and the oxidation-reduction potential Va(V) at which the compound undergoes coloration, decoloration, or discoloration satisfy the relationship represented by formula (1). Formula (1): |φ' − Va| ≤ 1.8
G02F 1/15 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
G02F 1/17 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups
89.
MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT PANEL AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT PANEL MANUFACTURED USING SAME
Disclosed is a simple manufacturing method for an organic electroluminescent panel whereby organic electroluminescent elements are arranged and sealed by means of a sealing adhesive, said electroluminescent panel having excellent sealing properties and excellent durability as a result of the organic electroluminescent elements being adhered to one another by means of a heat-curable adhesive. Specifically disclosed is a manufacturing method for an organic electroluminescent panel in which at least a first electrode, an organic functional layer containing a light-emitting layer, an organic electroluminescent element having a second electrode, and a sealing substrate are bonded together on a substrate by means of the heat-curable adhesive, said manufacturing method for an organic electroluminescent panel being characterized in having a step for forming a heat-curable adhesive layer on the sealing substrate, a step for subjecting the heat-curable adhesive layer formed on the sealing substrate to pre-heating treatment, a step for bonding the pre-heated heat-curable adhesive layer to the organic electroluminescent element, and a step for subjecting the heat-curable adhesive layer to heat curing, in the given order.
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
Disclosed are: a material for an organic electronic element, which is effective for the improvement in properties of the element; an organic electronic element which is produced using the material and has high luminous efficiency, a long emission lifetime and a low driving voltage; a display device; a lighting device; and an organic thin film solar cell element having high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
G09F 9/30 - Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
H01L 27/32 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including components using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part with components specially adapted for light emission, e.g. flat-panel displays using organic light-emitting diodes
H01L 51/05 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; Capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
91.
ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT ELEMENT, DISPLAY DEVICE, AND ILLUMINATION DEVICE
Provided are an organic electroluminescent element, a display device, and an illumination device in which there is minimal change in the color of the emitted light when the drive voltage changes, the drive voltage is low, and there is minimal increase in voltage during continuous driving. The organic electroluminescent element has a positive electrode, a plurality of organic functional layers containing light-emitting layers, and a negative electrode in the given order on a substrate, and is characterized in that each light-emitting layer comprises at least 3 adjacent layers formed by means of a wet process using a solvent, in that each light emitting layer contains a host compound and a dopant compound, and in that the film density of each light-emitting layer is 95-99% of the film density of light-emitting layers produced by means of vapor deposition using the same host compound and dopant compound in the same composition.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
G09F 9/30 - Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
H01L 27/32 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including components using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part with components specially adapted for light emission, e.g. flat-panel displays using organic light-emitting diodes
92.
INFORMATION PROCESSING DEVICE, PROGRAM, INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD, AND INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEM
Disclosed is an information processing device, program, information processing method, and information processing system that can obtain the focal distance for an image capture device easily and quickly. To achieve this aim, the information processing device is provided with: an image acquisition unit that obtains a standard image of a target object that is in a state where the spatial relationship with the imaging system is maintained, whereby said standard image is captured using image capture conditions with a known standard focal distance, and a reference image of said target object, whereby said reference image is captured based on image capture conditions with an unknown reference focal distance; and a focal distance acquisition unit that obtains the reference focal distance value by using image size information for the target object in the standard and reference images to perform arithmetic operations which scale the reference focal distance value.
Disclosed is an intra prediction processing method provided with a processing block setting step for setting a coding processing target block constituted by a plurality of pixels of an input image; a prediction mode candidate restricting step for restricting a predetermined number of prediction mode candidates to a fewer plurality of prediction mode candidates, on the basis of resolution information of the processing target block, wherein the prediction mode candidate is an interpolation pattern representing how to interpolate the processing target block from which adjacent block located in which direction so as to create a prediction image; a prediction mode determination step for determining a prediction mode having the minimum prediction coding cost as a prediction mode to be used for prediction coding, among the prediction mode candidates which are restricted in the prediction mode candidate restricting step, and for using the determined prediction mode for prediction coding processing; and a prediction coding step for coding the processing target block using the prediction image after the prediction image of the processing target block is created in the prediction mode determined in the prediction mode determination step.
The objective of the present disclosure is to minimize computational load relating to detecting points of correspondence for a compressed motion video image to be processed. To achieve the present objective, a first and second compressed motion video image are acquired, each respectively having a reference frame, and a predict frame wherein each pixel is denoted by motion information that treats another frame as a reference. A process of detection is carried out on each set of frames between the first compressed motion video image and the second compressed motion video image that respectively detects a point of correspondence that corresponds to each reference point in one frame that is included in the first compressed motion video image from one frame that is included in the second compressed motion video image. The process of detection upon a set of predict frames is carried out using the motion information that denotes the set of predict frames.
Disclosed is an organic light-emitting element, comprising an organic light-emitting layer, a transparent substrate, and a transparent electrode disposed between the organic light-emitting layer and the transparent substrate; and which treats the surface of the transparent substrate on the opposite side from the transparent electrode as a light-extraction surface. The transparent substrate has birefringence, and has a configuration wherein the refraction index of a P polarized light is less than the refraction index of an S polarized light, improving the efficiency of light usage, where a polarized light in which an oscillation direction of an electrical field is parallel to a laminated surface of the organic light-emitting layer is designated S polarized light, and a polarized light that includes a vector of the direction of the progression of the light and in which the oscillation direction of the electrical field is included in a plane perpendicular to the laminated surface of the organic light-emitting layer is designated P polarized light.
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
96.
TRANSPARENT ELECTRODE AND ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING SAME
Disclosed is a transparent electrode which is configured of: a first conductive layer that is composed of a metal or metal oxide fine wire that is formed in a pattern on a substrate; and a second conductive layer that covers the first conductive layer and contains a conductive polymer. The transparent electrode is characterized in that the fine wire of the first conductive layer satisfies the conditions mentioned below. Also disclosed is an organic electronic element. Line width (W): 20-200 μm Height (H): 0.2-2.0 μm Aspect ratio: 0.001 < H/W ≤ 0.1 Coefficient of cross-sectional shape: 0.6 < S/(W·H) < 0.9 (In this connection, S represents the cross-sectional area of the conductive layer.)
H05B 33/28 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
H01L 51/42 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
Provided is an ink composition comprising a polymerizable compound having two or more carboxylic acid ester groups and two or more vinyl ether groups per molecule, an SP value of between 9.0 and 11.5, and a logP of between 1.5 and 6.5. The polymerizable compound simultaneously prevents hydrolysis of the vinyl ether under the effects of the humidity in the air when inkjet printing is performed in a high-humidity environment and has good photoacid generator solubility. By using the polymerizable compound, it is possible to provide a polymerizable compound and an active energy beam-curable inkjet ink having excellent adherence, weather resistance, safety, odor resistance during printing, and odor resistance of the printed product.
Disclosed is an image-forming apparatus (1) equipped with a conversion means (21) for converting a page code language into a render command; a first rendering means (31) for rendering the render command using a hardware processing means (3); a second rendering means (22) for rendering the render command using a software processing means (2); a storage means (33) for storing information related to the render command that renders using the first rendering means; a reading means (26) for reading information related to the stored render command; judgment means (27) for judging whether to render the render command using either rendering means based on information related to the read render command; and a control means (28) for rendering the render command with the judged rendering means. Objects are to suppress expansion of a hardware circuit size and to increase flexibility without requiring a change of software to correspond to a change of hardware.
Disclosed is an inkjet ink which has low system load, excellent continuous ejection stability, high suitability for plain paper, and excellent fixability, and provides high character quality. Also disclosed is a method for forming an inkjet image. The inkjet ink comprises an unsaturated fatty acid ester, a compound capable of reversibly gelling an ink composition in an amount of 0.5-20% by mass of the total mass of the ink, and a resin in an amount of 10-30% by mass of the total mass of the ink.
A substrate (20) on the non-observation side of a display element (1) is provided with a metal wiring (23) for supplying the current from a power bus (VDD) to a pixel electrode (25) via a thin-film transistor (Q2), and an inter-layer insulating film (24) which is formed so as to cover the thin-film transistor (Q2) and the metal wiring (23). The pixel electrode (25) is configured from a material having the same ionization tendencies as the deposition material within an electrolyte solution (30) or a higher ionization tendency than said deposition material, and is formed on the inter-layer insulating film (24). Moreover, the pixel electrode (25) is connected to the metal wiring (23) via a contact hole (24a). The substrate (20) is also provided with an insulating film (26) which is formed on the pixel electrode (25) so as to cover the contact hole (24a).
G02F 1/19 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups
G02F 1/17 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups
G09F 9/30 - Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
patents
