A method of assessing a health condition of a mammalian subject includes using a pupilometer to take three or more sequential measurements over a period of time of the left eye and the right eye of the subject and determining the NPI of each eye at each measurement, wherein the subject is hospitalized as a result of stroke, TBI, acute brain injury or other neurological impairment. The method also includes displaying on a display of the pupilometer a comparison between the NPI of the left and the NPI of right eye at each of the three or more sequential measurements, determining whether the subject exhibits NPI differential persistence, and assessing the subject with having an increased risk of a bad neurological or health outcome if the patient exhibits NPI differential persistence.
G16H 50/30 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indicesICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data miningICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for individual health risk assessment
G16H 40/63 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilitiesICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation
A method of screening a pupil of a subject to determine whether the pupil reflex resembles a canonical pupil reflex is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of stimulating the pupil with a stimulus source, such as a pupilometer and determining whether one of various pupillary response conditions is met.
A61B 3/08 - Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A61B 3/10 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 3/113 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
3.
METHODS, SYSTEMS, PROGRAMS AND DEVICES TO PREDICT PATIENT OUTCOME USING DIFFERENTIAL IN PUPILLARY INDEX
A method of predicting the outcome of a hospitalized acute brain injury patient is provided. The method includes using a pupilometer to take paired pupillary measurements of a left and right eye of the patient; using the pupilometer to determine NPI of the left eye and display it on a display of the pupillometer; using the pupillometer to determine NPI of the right eye and display it on the display of the pupillometer; calculating a differential between NPI of the left eye and NPI of the right eye and display said NPI differential on the display of the pupillometer; and predicting an unfavorable health or neurological outcome if the NPIs of the left and right eyes indicate normal pupillary responses for each eye but the NPI differential meets or exceeds a given threshold value.
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A61B 3/10 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 3/18 - Arrangement of plural eye-testing or -examining apparatus
4.
METHODS, SYSTEMS, PROGRAMS AND DEVICES TO PREDICT PATIENT OUTCOME USING DIFFERENTIAL IN PUPILLARY INDEX
A method of predicting the outcome of a hospitalized acute brain injury patient is provided. The method includes using a pupilometer to take paired pupillary measurements of a left and right eye of the patient; using the pupilometer to determine NPI of the left eye and display it on a display of the pupillometer; using the pupillometer to determine NPI of the right eye and display it on the display of the pupillometer; calculating a differential between NPI of the left eye and NPI of the right eye and display said NPI differential on the display of the pupillometer; and predicting an unfavorable health or neurological outcome if the NPIs of the left and right eyes indicate normal pupillary responses for each eye but the NPI differential meets or exceeds a given threshold value.
A computer program is disclosed for performing the following method: recording images of a response of a left pupil to a stimulus thereby resulting in a first set of sequential images; recording images of a response of a right pupil to the same stimulus at the same time as the first images were recorded, thereby resulting in a second set of sequential images; displaying on a display simultaneously the first set of images and the second set of image, wherein the two sets of images are synchronized, and wherein a center of the left pupil of each image from the first set of sequential images is aligned with a center of the right pupil from the second set of sequential images on the display.
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A method of examining a response from one or more pupils of an eye is described. The method includes providing a hand-held mobile device with a display, a built-in camera, and a light stimulus source, wherein the light stimulus source can emit light at various intensities; using the mobile device to locate the pupil; using the mobile device to determine a distance between the device and the pupil; applying an algorithm that calculates a specific or optimal light intensity based on the distance between the device and the eye and causes the light stimulus source to emit one or more flashes of light at the specific or optimal light intensity; using the built-in camera to record the response of the pupil to the one or more flashes of light; and displaying on the display the data representative of the response of the pupil to the one or more flashes of light.
An ophthalmic examination system comprising a headrest with a detection element, and an ophthalmic instrument (OI) having a microprocessor and a sensor in communication with the microprocessor. The sensor is configured to detect the presence of the detection element, and the headrest is configured for coupling to the OI.
A computer program is disclosed for performing the following method: recording images of a response of a left pupil to a stimulus thereby resulting in a first set of sequential images; recording images of a response of a right pupil to the same stimulus at the same time as the first images were recorded, thereby resulting in a second set of sequential images; displaying on a display simultaneously the first set of images and the second set of image, wherein the two sets of images are synchronized, and wherein a center of the left pupil of each image from the first set of sequential images is aligned with a center of the right pupil from the second set of sequential images on the display.
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A method of examining a response from one or more pupils of an eye is described. The method includes providing a hand-held mobile device with a display, a built-in camera, and a light stimulus source, wherein the light stimulus source can emit light at various intensities; using the mobile device to locate the pupil; using the mobile device to determine a distance between the device and the pupil; applying an algorithm that calculates a specific or optimal light intensity based on the distance between the device and the eye and causes the light stimulus source to emit one or more flashes of light at the specific or optimal light intensity; using the built-in camera to record the response of the pupil to the one or more flashes of light; and displaying on the display the data representative of the response of the pupil to the one or more flashes of light.
A61B 3/06 - Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptationSubjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing colour vision
A61B 3/113 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
A61B 3/12 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 3/18 - Arrangement of plural eye-testing or -examining apparatus
10.
Methods, systems, and devices for monitoring anisocoria and asymmetry of pupillary reaction to stimulus
A computer program is disclosed for performing the following method: recording images of a response of a left pupil to a stimulus thereby resulting in a first set of sequential images; recording images of a response of a right pupil to the same stimulus at the same time as the first images were recorded, thereby resulting in a second set of sequential images; displaying on a display simultaneously the first set of images and the second set of image, wherein the two sets of images are synchronized, and wherein a center of the left pupil of each image from the first set of sequential images is aligned with a center of the right pupil from the second set of sequential images on the display.
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 3/10 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A method of screening a pupil of a subject to determine whether the pupil reflex resembles a canonical pupil reflex is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of stimulating the pupil with a stimulus source, such as a pupilometer and determining whether one of various pupillary response conditions is met.
A61B 3/08 - Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A61B 3/10 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 3/113 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
A method of screening a pupil of a subject to determine whether the pupil reflex resembles a canonical pupil reflex is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of stimulating the pupil with a stimulus source, such as a pupilometer and determining whether one of various pupillary response conditions is met.
A61B 3/08 - Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A61B 3/10 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 3/113 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
13.
Methods, systems, and devices for monitoring anisocoria and asymmetry of pupillary reaction to stimulus
A computer program is disclosed for performing the following method: recording images of a response of a left pupil to a stimulus thereby resulting in a first set of sequential images; recording images of a response of a right pupil to the same stimulus at the same time as the first images were recorded, thereby resulting in a second set of sequential images; displaying on a display simultaneously the first set of images and the second set of image, wherein the two sets of images are synchronized, and wherein a center of the left pupil of each image from the first set of sequential images is aligned with a center of the right pupil from the second set of sequential images on the display.
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A61B 3/10 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
14.
OPHTHALMIC INSTRUMENTS, SYSTEMS, PROGRAMS AND METHODS FOR MONITORING EYES
An automated ophthalmic monitoring system for monitoring an eye of a subject is provided. The system includes an eyelid retractor and an ophthalmic imaging device having an imaging sensor or camera. An automated control unit is in communication with the eyelid retractor and the ophthalmic imaging device, wherein the automated control unit controls the operation of the eyelid retractor and the ophthalmic imaging device.
A method of screening a pupil of a subject to determine whether the pupil reflex resembles a canonical pupil reflex is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of stimulating the pupil with a stimulus source, such as a pupilometer and determining whether one of various pupillary response conditions is met.
A61B 3/08 - Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A61B 3/10 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
16.
Methods, systems, and devices for monitoring anisocoria and asymmetry of pupillary reaction to stimulus
A Pupillometer is disclosed. The Pupillometer has a display, an imaging apparatus that has a pupil finder and a microprocessor, and a memory in communication with the microprocessor. The display is sized to simultaneously display a video of y or more seconds in length of a left pupil and a video of y or more seconds in length of a right pupil. The pupil finder identifies the perimeter of a pupil. The imaging apparatus is capable of recording images of an individual's pupils at a rate of x image frames per second for a period of y or more seconds and playing back said image frames as a video at x image frames per second or at another rate that is faster or slower than x image frames per second. The memory has stored therein a program for enabling said microprocessor to do the following: (i) identify a center of the left pupil and a center of the right pupil for each image frame; (ii) synchronize each image frame of the two videos starting from the first frame; (iii) cause the display to display the two videos simultaneously such that each of the image frames of the video of the left eye is synchronized to a corresponding image frame of the video of the right eye when played back on the display; and (iv) cause the two videos to be displayed so that the center of the left pupil in each image frame is aligned on the display with the center of the right pupil for the corresponding image frame.
A Pupillometer is disclosed. The Pupillometer has a display, an imaging apparatus that has a pupil finder and a microprocessor, and a memory in communication with the microprocessor. The display is sized to simultaneously display a video of y or more seconds in length of a left pupil and a video of y or more seconds in length of a right pupil. The pupil finder identifies the perimeter of a pupil. The imaging apparatus is capable of recording images of an individual's pupils at a rate of x image frames per second for a period of y or more seconds and playing back said image frames as a video at x image frames per second or at another rate that is faster or slower than x image frames per second. The memory has stored therein a program for enabling said microprocessor to do the following: (i) identify a center of the left pupil and a center of the right pupil for each image frame; (ii) synchronize each image frame of the two videos starting from the first frame; (iii) cause the display to display the two videos simultaneously such that each of the image frames of the video of the left eye is synchronized to a corresponding image frame of the video of the right eye when played back on the display; and (iv) cause the two videos to be displayed so that the center of the left pupil in each image frame is aligned on the display with the center of the right pupil for the corresponding image frame.
A Pupillometer is disclosed. The Pupillometer has a display, an imaging apparatus that has a pupil finder and a microprocessor, and a memory in communication with the microprocessor. The display is sized to simultaneously display a video of y or more seconds in length of a left pupil and a video of y or more seconds in length of a right pupil. The pupil finder identifies the perimeter of a pupil. The imaging apparatus is capable of recording images of an individual's pupils at a rate of x image frames per second for a period of y or more seconds and playing back said image frames as a video at x image frames per second or at another rate that is faster or slower than x image frames per second. The memory has stored therein a program for enabling said microprocessor to do the following: (i) identify a center of the left pupil and a center of the right pupil for each image frame; (ii) synchronize each image frame of the two videos starting from the first frame; (iii) cause the display to display the two videos simultaneously such that each of the image frames of the video of the left eye is synchronized to a corresponding image frame of the video of the right eye when played back on the display; and (iv) cause the two videos to be displayed so that the center of the left pupil in each image frame is aligned on the display with the center of the right pupil for the corresponding image frame.
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 3/14 - Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
Methods, systems and devices for determining whether a patient has an abnormally high level of intracranial pressure is described. The method includes using a pupillometer to obtain pupillary response data from the patient. The pupillary response data can be representative of one or more pupillary response characteristics of the patient. The method further includes providing a data analysis system comprising a microprocessor that is in communication with the pupillometer. The microprocessor includes an algorithm that converts the pupillary response data to a scalar value that is indicative of the patient's level of intracranial pressure. The microprocessor can be a stand-alone computer connected to the pupillometer or it can be integral with the pupillometer. The method further includes using the data analysis system to derive a scalar value based on the pupillary response data from the patient, wherein the scalar value is indicative of the patient's level of intracranial pressure. The scalar value can be represented by a numerical value, graphical depiction, color, sound, or other visual or audio means that indicates a value. The scalar value can be a Scalar value that indicates that the patient's pupillary response characteristics indicate that the patient's intracranial pressure is within a normal range, an abnormal range, or that the pupillary response characteristics indicate that the pupil is non- responsive.
A61B 3/11 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
A61B 5/03 - Measuring fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure
2 is less than about 100 msec; or during the first phase of the pupilary reflex, the diameter of the pupil increases before it decreases. Existence of one of said conditions indicates that the pupil reflex does not resemble a canonical reflex.
A61B 3/08 - Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyesInstruments for examining the eyes
A61B 3/10 - Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions
patents
