Poly(meso-lactide) is branched by reaction with a mixture of a polyene compound and a free radical initiator. This branching method produces a product that has a very high polydispersity, a high branching number (Bn), and excellent melt strength, and especially low amounts of gelled material. The branched poly(meso-lactide) is useful in many melt-processing operations, in particular sheet and film extrusion, extrusion foaming, extrusion coating, and fiber processing. It is characterized by easy processing and allows for broadened processing windows.
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Plastic filaments for 3D printing; semi-worked thermoplastic filaments used for 3D printing; plastics in powder form for 3D printers; semi-processed thermoplastics in pellet form for 3D printing
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Plastic filaments for 3D printing; semi-worked thermoplastic filaments used for 3D printing; plastics in powder form for 3D printers; semi-processed thermoplastics in pellet form for 3D printing
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Plastic filaments for 3D printing; semi-worked thermoplastic filaments used for 3D printing; plastics in powder form for 3D printers; semi-processed thermoplastics in pellet form for 3D printing
5.
POLYLACTIDE RESIN COMPOSITIONS AND BIAXIAL STRETCHING PROCESS FOR THE POLYLACTIDE RESIN COMPOSITIONS
Polylactide resin compositions include a mixture of 40 to 95 weight percent of a crystallizable polylactide resin and 5 to 60 weight percent of a certain non-crystallizable polylactide resin. The polylactide resin compositions are useful in making oriented film, especially biaxially oriented film. The compositions can be stretched on commercially available biaxial stretching equipment due to their ability to be stretched to higher stretch ratios than sheets made from the crystallizable polylactide resin alone.
Polylactide resin compositions contain certain phosphite esters. The presence of the phosphite ester increases the rate of hydrolysis of the polylactide resin under conditions of moisture (including atmospheric moisture) at mildly elevated temperatures.
Lactide compositions contain enumerated amounts of one or more impurities. The lactide compositions can be polymerized to form good quality polylactides despite the presence of these impurities. Some of the impurities pass through the polymerization process whereas some are partially or entirely removed and are therefore present in reduced quantities in the polymer if present at all. Conversely, some impurities are concentrated in the polymer.
nn), and excellent melt strength, and especially low amounts of gelled material. The branched poly(meso-lactide) is useful in many melt-processing operations, in particular sheet and film extrusion, extrusion foaming, extrusion coating, and fiber processing. It is characterized by easy processing and allows for broadened processing windows.
Cosmetic compositions contain certain polylactic acid resins as film-formers. The polylactic acid resin is effective at low levels in the composition and is compatible with many organic ingredients commonly used in cosmetic compositions. The cosmetic composition can be formulated as a spray, a lotion, a cream or a paste.
Polylactide resin compositions contain certain phosphite esters. The presence of the phosphite ester increases the rate of hydrolysis of the polylactide resin under conditions of moisture (including atmospheric moisture) at mildly elevated temperatures.
Polylactide resin compositions that exhibit rapid hydrolysis rates and leave small amounts of residuals include a poly(meso-lactide) and a second polylactide. The polylactide resin compositions are useful in applications in which rapid hydrolysis is wanted under mildly to moderately elevated temperatures, such as in certain oil & gas well treatment applications.
Expanded poly(lactide) (PLA) beads are made by pressurizing PLA beads with carbon dioxide at approximately room temperature, heating the beads under pressure to 90 to 160 C to saturate and partially crystallize the beads, and then depressurizing and cooling the beads. The PLA beads contain a blend of PLLA and PDLA in certain ratios. The beads are useful for making expanded bead foam.
C08J 9/32 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
C08J 9/12 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
C08J 9/232 - Forming foamed products by sintering expandable particles
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
Cosmetic compositions contain certain polylactic acid resins as film-formers. The polylactic acid resin is effective at low levels in the composition and is compatible with many organic ingredients commonly used in cosmetic compositions. The cosmetic composition can be formulated as a spray, a lotion, a cream or a paste.
A61K 8/58 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus
A61K 8/92 - Oils, fats or waxesDerivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products
C08G 63/06 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
Polylactide resin compositions that exhibit rapid hydrolysis rates and leave small amounts of residuals include a poly(meso-lactide) and a second polylactide. The polylactide resin compositions are useful in applications in which rapid hydrolysis is wanted under mildly to moderately elevated temperatures, such as in certain oil & gas well treatment applications.
A polyester blend is made in a reaction of a linear polylactide resin and a thermoplastic epoxy group-containing polymer. The polyester blend is blended with a polyester having a glass transition temperature below 0C to form a polyester blend that is particular useful for making paperboard coatings in a melt extrusion process.
C08L 67/04 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
B05D 1/26 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
B05D 3/00 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
B32B 27/10 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of paper or cardboard
B32B 37/15 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
C09D 167/04 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
B32B 37/24 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
C08G 63/91 - Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
C08L 33/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
16.
PROCESS FOR FORMING POLYLACTIDE EXPANDED BEAD FOAM
Expanded poly(lactide) (PLA) beads are made by pressurizing PLA beads with carbon dioxide at approximately room temperature, heating the beads under pressure to 90 to 160C to saturate and partially crystallize the beads, and then depressurizing and cooling the beads. The PLA beads contain a blend of PLLA and PDLA in certain ratios. The beads are useful for making expanded bead foam.
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/12 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
22 - Rope, netting, tents, awnings, sails and sacks; padding and stuffing materials
Goods & Services
(1) Plastics, namely, unprocessed plastics in all forms; unprocessed polymers in all forms, namely, polymer beads, pellets, and powders for use in manufacturing; polymer resins, unprocessed for use in manufacturing; polymer beads, unprocessed for use in manufacturing; unprocessed artificial resins; unprocessed artificial resins in all forms; unprocessed synthetic resins for use in manufacturing of packaging, cosmetics, molding compounds, and consumer goods; unprocessed bioplastics in all forms; unprocessed biopolymer resins for general industrial use; biopolymer resins for use in the manufacture of industrial products, packaging, consumer, and household products; chemical intermediates for use in further manufacturing of acids, adhesives, binders, coatings, elastomers, plasticizers, polymers, polyols, resins, sealants, solvents, and surfactants
(2) Plastic in the form of pellets, sheets and tubes for use in manufacturing; bioplastics, namely, bioplastics in pellet form for general industrial use and extruded bioplastic in the form of pellets for use in manufacturing
(3) Non-woven polymeric fibers for conversion into nonwoven substrates for textile use, industrial cloths, medical gowns, hygienic products, agricultural use, pharmaceutical use, and food packaging; synthetic fibers and filaments for use in the manufacture of fabrics, textiles, yarns, and carpets
nn) and excellent melt strength, without forming large amounts of gelled material. The branched polylactide resins are useful in many melt processing operations, in particular sheet and film extrusion, extrusion foaming, extrusion coating and fiber processing. They are characterized by easy processing and allow for broadened processing windows.
A polyester blend is made in a reaction of a linear polylactide resin and a thermoplastic epoxy group-containing polymer. The polyester blend is blended with a polyester having a glass transition temperature below 0C to form a polyester blend that is particular useful for making paperboard coatings in a melt extrusion process.
Thermal insulation structures include a polymer foam layer adhered to a multi-layer sheet having a non-cellular layer of a heat-resistant thermoplastic and a second non-cellular layer of a polylactide resin. The polylactide resin is a surprisingly good barrier to the diffusion of atmospheric gases into the foam layer and of blowing agents out of the foam layer. Accordingly, the diffusion of atmospheric gases and blowing agents is retarded substantially. This greatly reduces the loss of thermal insulation capacity of the structure due to the replacement of the blowing agent with atmospheric gases. The multi-layer sheet exhibits excellent thermal stability, even when the polylactide in the polylactide layer is highly amorphous.
B32B 5/20 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer containing foamed or specifically porous material foamed in situ
B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
B29C 44/12 - Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
B29C 48/21 - Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
B32B 7/12 - Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
B32B 15/04 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/095 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
B32B 15/18 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising iron or steel
B29K 105/24 - Condition, form or state of moulded material cross-linked or vulcanised
B29C 48/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired formApparatus therefor
B29C 51/14 - Shaping by thermoforming, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawingApparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
Alkyd resins are made with up to 50% lactide and a fatty acid or fatty acid precursor. The lactide is a mixture of meso-lactide with one or both of L- and D-lactides. The alkyd resins have excellent adhesion, impact resistance and abrasion resistance when cured. In addition, the alkyd resins, and lacquers and coating compositions made from them, have low viscosities. This allows for higher solids contents at equivalent viscosities, which in turn reduces volatile organic compounds.
C08G 63/48 - Polyesters chemically modified by esterification by unsaturated higher fatty oils or their acidsPolyesters chemically modified by esterification by resin acids
C09D 167/08 - Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with natural resins or resin acids
C08G 63/60 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from the reaction of a mixture of hydroxy carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
Goods & Services
Natural goods for the home, namely, anti-insect spray of natural oils
23.
Process for making esters of 2-acetoxyalkanoic acids using a 3,6-dialkyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione or poly-(alpha-hydroxyalkanoic acid) as a starting material
2-Acetoxyalkanoic acid esters are made in a reaction of a 3,6-dialkyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione or a poly(α-hydroxyalkanoic acid), an acetate ester and an alcohol or phenol in the presence of a transesterification catalyst. Unlike previous methods for making 2-acetoxyalkanoic acid esters, this process proceeds in high yield and high selectivity to the desired product.
Thermal insulation structures include a polymer foam layer adhered to a non- cellular sheet of a polylactide resin. The polylactide resin is a surprisingly good barrier to the diffusion of atmospheric gases into and blowing agents out of the foam layer. Accordingly, the diffusion of atmospheric gases and the blowing agents is retarded substantially. This greatly reduces the loss of thermal insulation capacity of the structure due to the replacement of the blowing agent with atmospheric gases.
B32B 5/20 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer containing foamed or specifically porous material foamed in situ
B29C 44/12 - Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
E04C 2/284 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups , , , or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of these groups at least one of the materials being insulating
E04B 1/76 - Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflectionOther building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
25.
POLYMER FOAM INSULATION STRUCTURE HAVING A FACING OF A MULTI-LAYER SHEET THAT CONTAINS A HEAT RESISTANT POLYMER LAYER AND A POLYLACTIDE RESIN LAYER
Thermal insulation structures include a polymer foam layer adhered to a multi-layer sheet having a non-cellular layer of a heat-resistant thermoplastic and a second non-cellular layer of a polylactide resin. The polylactide resin is a surprisingly good barrier to the diffusion of atmospheric gases into the foam layer and of blowing agents out of the foam layer. Accordingly, the diffusion of atmospheric gases and blowing agents is retarded substantially. This greatly reduces the loss of thermal insulation capacity of the structure due to the replacement of the blowing agent with atmospheric gases. The multi- layer sheet exhibits excellent thermal stability, even when the polylactide in the polylactide layer is highly amorphous.
B32B 5/20 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer containing foamed or specifically porous material foamed in situ
B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Unprocessed artificial and synthetic resins; unprocessed
epoxy resins; unprocessed polymer resins; unprocessed
artificial resins for use in the preparation of paints,
varnishes, lacquers, colorants, mordents, preservatives
against rust and against deterioration of wood, coatings,
adhesives, sealants, elastomers, toners and surfactants;
unprocessed synthetic resins for use in the preparation of
paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants, mordents,
preservatives against rust and against deterioration of
wood, coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers, toners and
surfactants. Raw natural resins; raw natural resins for use in the
preparation of paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants,
mordents, preservatives against rust and against
deterioration of wood coatings, adhesives, sealants,
elastomers, toners and surfactants. Semi-processed resins; semi-processed resins for use in the
preparation of paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants,
mordents, preservatives against rust and against
deterioration of wood coatings, adhesives, sealants,
elastomers, toners and surfactants.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
(1) Plastics, namely, unprocessed plastics in all forms; unprocessed polymers in all forms, namely, Polymer beads, pellets, and powders for use in manufacturing; polymer compositions, namely unprocessed polymer resins, polymer beads, pellets and powders, used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; artificial resins; unprocessed artificial resins in all forms; resins used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods, namely, synthetic resins for use in manufacturing cosmetics, molding compounds, and consumer goods; unprocessed bioplastics in all forms; unprocessed biopolymers resins for general industrial use; unprocessed biopolymers for general industrial use, namely, the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; chemical intermediates for use in further manufacturing of acids, adhesives, binders, coatings, elastomers, plasticizers, polymers, polyols, resins, sealants, solvents, and surfactants.
(2) Plastic in the form of pellets, sheets and tubes for use in manufacturing; bioplastics, namely, bioplastics in pellet form for general industrial use and extruded bioplastic in the form of pellets for use in manufacturing.
28.
Process for making esters of 2-acetoxyalkanoic acids using an α-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester and an acetate ester as starting materials
2-Acetoxyalkanoic acid esters are made in a reaction of an α-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester and an acetate ester in the presence of a transesterification catalyst. Unlike previous methods for making 2-acetoxyalkanoic acid esters, this process proceeds in high yield and high selectivity to the desired product.
C07C 67/03 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
C07C 69/67 - Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O-metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
Process for making esters of 2-acetoxyalkanoic acids using a 3,6-dialkyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione or poly-(alpha-hydroxyalkanoic acid) as a starting material
2-Acetoxyalkanoic acid esters are made in a reaction of a 3,6-dialkyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione or a poly(α-hydroxyalkanoic acid), an acetate ester and an alcohol or phenol in the presence of a transesterification catalyst. Unlike previous methods for making 2-acetoxyalkanoic acid esters, this process proceeds in high yield and high selectivity to the desired product.
C07C 67/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by interreacting ester groups, i.e. transesterification
C07C 69/67 - Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O-metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
PLA stereocomplex is made by crystallizing a blend of a high-L-PLA resin and a high-D-PLA resin in the presence of steam or subcooled water at a temperature of 120 to 200°C. The process allows for rapid generation of PLA stereocrystallites. Surprisingly, the formation of PLA stereocrystals is highly favored over lower-melting PLA homocrystals, even when the crystallization step is performed at temperatures below 160°C. The process has the further advantage of producing crystallized articles having very high levels of crystallinity.
Polylactide fibers are made from a blend of polylactides. One of the polylactides has a ratio of R-lactic and S-lactic units from 8:92 to 92:8. The second polylactide has a ratio of the R-lactic and S-lactic units of ≥97:3 or ≤3:97. The ratio of the R-lactic units to S-lactic units in the blend is from 7:93 to 25:75 or from 75:25 to 93:7. The polylactide fiber contains at least 5 Joules of polylactide crystallites per gram of polylactide resin in the fiber.
D01F 6/62 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
D01F 6/92 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
C08L 67/04 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
C09K 8/44 - Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholesCompositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing organic binders only
C09K 8/56 - Compositions for consolidating loose sand or the like around wells without excessively decreasing the permeability thereof
C09K 8/62 - Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
C09K 8/70 - Compositions for forming crevices or fractures characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. foams
C09K 8/80 - Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
C09K 8/467 - Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholesCompositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
E21B 43/26 - Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
A01G 13/02 - Protective coverings for plants; Devices for laying-out coverings
2-Acetoxyalkanoic acid esters are made in a reaction of an α-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester and an acetate ester in the presence of a transesterification catalyst. Unlike previous methods for making 2-acetoxyalkanoic acid esters, this process proceeds in high yield and high selectivity to the desired product.
C07C 67/03 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
C07C 69/67 - Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O-metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
35.
PROCESS FOR MAKING ESTERS OF 2-ACETOXYALKANOIC ACIDS USING A 3,6-DIALKYL-1,4-DIOXANE-2,5-DIONE OR POLY-(ALPHA-HYDROXYALKANOIC ACID) AS A STARTING MATERIAL
2-Acetoxyalkanoic acid esters are made in a reaction of a 3,6-dialkyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione or a poly(α-hydroxyalkanoic acid), an acetate ester and an alcohol or phenol in the presence of a transesterification catalyst. Unlike previous methods for making 2-acetoxyalkanoic acid esters, this process proceeds in high yield and high selectivity to the desired product.
C07C 67/02 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by interreacting ester groups, i.e. transesterification
C07C 69/67 - Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O-metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
36.
Process for the production of optically-active esters of lactic acid and lactyllactic acid
A process for treating a mixture of R,R- and S,S-lactide is provided. The process involves contacting the lactide mixture with an aliphatic alcohol and/or an alkoxide to produce a mixture of R,R- and S,S-aliphatic ester of lactyllactic acid, subsequently contacting the mixture of R,R- and S,S-aliphatic ester of lactyllactic acid with an enzyme to produce a mixture comprising aliphatic ester of lactic acid corresponding to one lactide enantiomer and the aliphatic ester of lactyllactic acid corresponding to the other lactide enantiomer, and recovering the product. Also provided are processes for the production of S-lactic acid, S,S-lactide, poly-S-lactic acid, R-lactic acid, R,R-lactide, poly-R-lactic acid and stereocomplex polylactic acid.
Polylactide fibers are made from a blend of polylactides. One of the polylactides has a ratio of R-lactic and S-lactic units from 8:92 to 92:8. The second polylactide has a ratio of the R-lactic and S-lactic units of >97:3 or <3:97. The ratio of the R-lactic units to S-lactic units in the blend is from 7:93 to 25:75 or from 75:25 to 93:7. The polylactide fiber contains at least 5 Joules of polylactide crystallites per gram of polylactide resin in the fiber.
C09K 8/60 - Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
C09K 8/62 - Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
C09K 8/70 - Compositions for forming crevices or fractures characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. foams
D01F 6/62 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
D01F 6/92 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
C09K 8/467 - Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholesCompositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
C09K 8/80 - Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
C08L 67/04 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
C09K 8/56 - Compositions for consolidating loose sand or the like around wells without excessively decreasing the permeability thereof
E21B 43/26 - Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
38.
Process for the production of optically-active esters of lactic acid and lactyllactic acid
A process for treating a mixture of R,R- and S,S-lactide is provided. The process involves contacting the mixture with an aliphatic alcohol and an enzyme to produce a mixture comprising aliphatic ester of lactic acid corresponding to one lactide enantiomer and the aliphatic ester of lactyllactic acid corresponding to the other lactide enantiomer; separating the mixture from the enzyme, and recycling the enzyme to the process; and separating the aliphatic ester of lactic acid from the aliphatic ester of lactyl-lactic acid by fractional distillation. Also provided are processes for the production of S-lactic acid, S,S-lactide, poly-S-lactic acid, R-lactic acid, R,R-lactide, poly-R-lactic acid and stereocomplex polylactic acid.
A process for treating a mixture of R,R- and S,S-lactide is provided. The process involves contacting the mixture with an aliphatic alcohol and an enzyme in the presence of a ketone solvent to produce a mixture comprising aliphatic ester of lactic acid corresponding to one lactide enantiomer, and the aliphatic ester of lactyllactic acid corresponding to the other lactide enantiomer. Also provided are processes for the production of S-lactic acid, S,S-lactide, poly-S-lactic acid, R-lactic acid, R,R-lactide, poly-R-lactic acid and stereocomplex polylactic acid.
The present invention is directed to a method for producing a polylactic acid resin, including the step of subjecting a crystallized prepolymer, which is a prepolymer including a lactic acid unit as a main component, and has an optical purity (Ea) of 60 to 94%, a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 100,000, and a crystal melting enthalpy (ΔHma) of 4 to 50 J/g, to solid phase polymerization. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a polylactic acid resin which is excellent in moldability upon melt processing and drawdown resistance upon melt processing, and is also excellent in hydrolysis resistance.
C08G 63/91 - Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
C08G 63/06 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
A solid-phase polymerization method of high-molecular-weight aliphatic polyester conducts the solid-phase polymerization of aliphatic polyester prepolymer under a gas stream containing sulfonic acid catalyst. The method features preparing metal free aliphatic polyester with high molecular weight, good color and luster and perfect thermal stability efficiently. The non-metal-ion aliphatic polyester is not only applicable to common use, but is also suitable as high value-added medical material and packing material which contacts with food directly than other metal-containing polyester.
Lactic acid equivalents are recovered from a starting lactide stream by catalytically racemizing a portion of the lactide in the stream at a temperature of 180° C. or below. This increases the proportion of two species of lactide (i.e., at least two of S,S-, R,R- or meso-lactide) at the expense of the third species. The racemized mixture so obtained can be separated to recover some or all of one or more of the lactide species from the remaining lactide species, by a process such as melt crystallization or distillation. Impurities in the starting lactide stream usually are retained mostly in the remaining meso-lactide, so a highly purified S,S- and/or R,R-lactide stream can be produced in this manner. Such a purified S,S- and R,R-lactide stream is suitable for polymerization to form a polylactide.
Non-woven fabrics are made in a spun-melt process, in which a PLA resin blend is melt-spun into filaments, which are pneumatically drawn and then deposited onto a surface to produce the fabric. The PLA resin includes 1-25% of certain aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic polyesters that have a number average molecular weight from 4,000 to 70,000 g/mol.
D01F 6/62 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
D01F 6/92 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
44.
Process for production of poly(lactic acid)-type resin, and poly(lactic acid)-type prepolymer
(wherein Mw represents weight average molecular weight of the crystallized prepolymer); and subjecting the crystallized prepolymer to solid-phase polymerization.
C08G 63/91 - Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
C08G 63/06 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
Polylactide fibers are made from a blend of polylactides. One of the polylactides has a ratio of R-lactic and S- lactic units from 8:92 to 92:8. The second polylactide has a ratio of the R-lactic and S-lactic units of >97:3 or <3:97. The ratio of the R-lactic units to S-lactic units in the blend is from 7:93 to 25:75 or from 75:25 to 93:7. The polylactide fiber contains at least 5 Joules of polylactide crystallites per gram of polylactide resin in the fiber.
D01F 6/62 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
D01F 6/92 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
A01G 13/02 - Protective coverings for plants; Devices for laying-out coverings
C09K 8/508 - Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY CORPORATION NAGOYA UNIVERSITY (Japan)
NATUREWORKS LLC (USA)
Inventor
Kishida, Hisanori
Hasegawa, Takashi
Nomura, Nobuyoshi
Takahashi, Makoto
Schroeder, Joseph
Natal, Manuel
Abstract
This invention provides a method for synthesizing semi-crystalline polylactides (PLA) even from a lactide mixture including meso-LA and rac-LA. According to the invention, when a mixture of racemic lactide and meso- lactide ispolymerizedusing a catalyst capable of iso-selectively polymerizing L-lactide and D-lactide, an amorphous poly (meso-lactide) block is formed from meso-lactide and a semi-crystalline poly (racemic lactide) block is formed from racemic lactide by separately polymerizing racemic lactide and meso-lactide by taking advantage of a difference in physicochemical properties between racemic lactide and meso-lactide, whereby polylactide which is semi-crystalline as a whole is produced.
Lactic acid equivalents are recovered from a starting lactide stream by catalytically racemizing a portion of the lactide in the stream at a temperature of 180° C. or below. This increases the proportion of two species of lactide (i.e., at least two of S,S-, R,R- or meso-lactide) at the expense of the third species. The racemized mixture so obtained can be separated to recover some or all of one or more of the lactide species from the remaining lactide species, by a process such as melt crystallization or distillation. Impurities in the starting lactide stream usually are retained mostly in the remaining meso-lactide, so a highly purified S,S- and/or R,R-lactide stream can be produced in this manner. Such a purified S,S- and R,R-lactide stream is suitable for polymerization to form a polylactide.
A method for producing a crystallized polyester comprises the crystallization step of applying a shear and/or a pressure to a polyester selected from an aliphatic polyester and a polyalkylene terephthalate at a temperature of (Tm−70° C.) to (Tm+20° C.), where Tm is a melting point of the polyester, thereby converting the polyester into a state having a crystallinity of 10% or more and fluidity.
An S,S- and R,R-lactide stream suitable for polymerization is prepared by producing a low molecular weight poly(lactic acid), depolymerizing the low molecular weight poly(lactic acid) to form a mixture of S,S-, R,R- and meso-lactide, and separating meso-lactide from this mixture to form an S,S- and R,R-lactide stream. Meso-lactide is recycled into the process, and shifts the mole fractions of the lactides in the lactide mixture that is produced.
Molding compositions include a PLA resin, a nucleating agent and an accelerant. They may contain, in addition, a core-shell rubber and a reinforcing agent. These compositions are processed on injection molding equipment at temperatures above the Tg of the neat PLA resin to form semi-crystalline molded parts. A benefit of the invention is that short cycle times can be obtained.
C08L 51/06 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bondsCompositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
51.
Method for producing aliphatic polyester resin, and an aliphatic polyester resin composition
A method for producing an aliphatic polyester resin including a melt polymerization step and a subsequent solid phase polymerization step, using a sulfonic acid group-containing compound as a catalyst, wherein the addition amount of the sulfonic acid group-containing compound during melt polymerization is 300 to 3000 ppm with respect to a raw material monomer calculated as sulfur atoms, the content of the sulfonic acid group-containing compound during melt polymerization is 300 to 3000 ppm with respect to a produced polymer calculated as sulfer atoms, and a residual rate of the sulfonic acid group-containing compound after solid phase at polymerization is more than 50.
This invention provides an economical process for extruding a PLA resin into a low density foam with a high closed cell content. Excellent quality, low density foam is produced easily and reproducibly. The PLA resin in the foam has a weight average molecular weight of at least 500,000 and an intrinsic viscosity of at least 1.4 deciliters/gram.
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/12 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
53.
Methods for making polylactic acid stereocomplex fibers
PLA stereocomplex fibers are made by separately melting a high-D PLA starting resin and a high-L starting resin, mixing the melts and spinning the molten mixture. Subsequent heat treatment introduces high-melting “stereocomplex” crystallinity into the fibers. The process can form fibers having a high content of “stereocomplex” crystallites that have a high melting temperature. As a result, the fibers have excellent thermal resistance. The process is also easily adaptable to commercial melt spinning operations.
An S, S- and R,R-lactide stream suitable for polymerization is prepared by producing a low molecular weight poly(lactic acid), depolymerizing the low molecular weight poly(lactic acid) to form a mixture of S, S-, R,R- and meso- lactide, and separating meso-lactide from this mixture to form an S, S- and R,R- lactide stream. Meso-lactide is recycled into the process, and shifts the mole fractions of the lactides in the lactide mixture that is produced.
Lactic acid equivalents are recovered from a starting lactide stream by catalytically racemizing a portion of the lactide in the stream at a temperature of 18O°C or below. This increases the proportion of two species of lactide (i.e., at least two of S, S-, R,R- or meso-lactide) at the expense of the third species. The racemized mixture so obtained can be separated to recover some or all of one or more of the lactide species from the remaining lactide species, by a process such as melt crystallization or distillation. Impurities in the starting lactide stream usually are retained mostly in the remaining meso-lactide, so a highly purified S, S- and/or R,R-lactide stream can be produced in this manner. Such a purified S, S- and R,R-lactide stream is suitable for polymerization to form a polylactide.
Conjugate fibers are prepared in which at least one segment is a mixture of a high-D PLA resin and a high-L PLA resin. These segments have crystallites having a crystalline melting temperature of at least 200° C. At least one other segment is a high-D PLA resin or a high-L PLA resin. The conjugate fibers may be, for example, bicomponent, multi-component, islands-in-the-sea or sheath-and-core types. Specialty fibers of various types can be made through further downstream processing of these conjugate fibers.
D01F 8/14 - Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, man-made filaments or the likeManufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
57.
Method for making copolymers of lactide and a 1:4-3:6 dianhydrohexitol
Polyester-carbonate copolymers are prepared by copolymerizing lactide with a 1:4-3:6 dianhydrohexitol in the presence of a carbonate precursor and a polymerization catalyst. The copolymers have an elevated glass transition temperature, relative to polylactide resins.
Thermoformed PLA stereocomplex parts are made using a PLA stereocomplex composition having a highest crystallization melting temperature from 200 to 215° C. The stereocomplex composition preferably has less than 5 J/g of lower melting (160 to 190° C.) crystallites. The stereocomplex can be pre-annealed in various ways to reduce thermoforming cycle times. The stereocomplex forms parts with low haze and good thermal resistance, at reasonable cycle times.
C08L 67/04 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
B29C 51/00 - Shaping by thermoforming, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawingApparatus therefor
B29C 51/02 - Combined thermoforming and manufacture of the preform
B29C 47/88 - Heating or cooling the stream of extruded material
B29K 67/00 - Use of polyesters as moulding material
C08L 25/14 - Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
Polylactide resins are blended with core-shell rubber particles to improve impact strength. A good balance of impact strength and transparency is achieved when the rubber particles are distributed within the polymer matrix such that most of them exist as single particles or agglomerates having a diameter of 150 nanometers or more, and the number average size of the particles and agglomerates is not more than 210 nanometers.
C08L 51/00 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bondsCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08L 67/04 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
This invention provides an economical process for extruding a PLA resin into a low density foam with a high closed cell content. Excellent quality, low density foam is produced easily and reproducibly. The PLA resin in the foam has a weight average molecular weight of at least 500,000 and an intrinsic viscosity of at least 1.4 deciliters/gram.
PLA stereocomplex fibers are made by separately melting a high-D PLA starting resin and a high-L starting resin, mixing the melts and spinning the molten mixture. Subsequent heat treatment introduces high-melting 'stereocomplex' crystallinity into the fibers. The process can form fibers having a high content of 'stereocomplex' crystallites that have a high melting temperature. As a result, the fibers have excellent thermal resistance. The process is also easily adaptable to commercial melt spinning operations.
D01D 5/084 - Heating filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
D01F 6/62 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
D01F 6/92 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
62.
METHOD FOR MAKING POLYACTIC ACID ( PLA) STEREOCOMPLEXES
PLA stereocomplexes are formed from poly-D-PLA and poly-L-PLA oligomers. The oligomers contain functional groups which allow them to react with each other or with an added curing agent to produce a high molecular weight block copolymer. Heat treatment of the resin permits the resin to develop crystallites having a melting temperature of 1850C or more.
Conjugate fibers are prepared in which at least one segment is a mixture of a high-D PLA resin and a high-L PLA resin. These segments have crystallites having a crystalline melting temperature of at least 200°C. At least one other segment is a high- D PLA resin or a high-L PLA resin. The conjugate fibers may be, for example, bicomponent, multi-component, islands-in-the-sea or sheath-and-core types. Specialty fibers of various types can be made through further downstream processing of these conjugate fibers.
D01F 8/14 - Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, man-made filaments or the likeManufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
D01F 6/92 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
D01F 6/62 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
64.
METHOD FOR MAKING COPOLYMERS OF LACTIDE AND A 1:4-3:6 DIANHYDROHEXITOL
Polyester-carbonate copolymers are prepared by copolymerizing lactide with a 1:4-3:6 dianhydrohexitol in the presence of a carbonate precursor and a polymerization catalyst. The copolymers have an elevated glass transition temperature, relative to polylactide resins.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
Goods & Services
Plastics; unprocessed plastics in all forms; plastics used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; polymers; unprocessed polymers in all forms; polymers used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; resins; unprocessed resins in all forms; resins used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; bioplastics; unprocessed bioplastics in all forms; bioplastics used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; biopolymers; unprocessed biopolymers in all forms; biopolymers used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; chemical intermediates for use in further manufacturing. Extruded, molded, or cast plastic in bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets, film, paper, tubes, or foam form for use in manufacturing; extruded, molded, or cast polymers in bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets, film, paper, tubes, or foam form for use in manufacturing; extruded, molded, or cast resins in bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets, film, paper, tubes or foam form for use in manufacturing; extruded, molded, or cast bioplastics in bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets, film, paper, tubes, and foam form for use in manufacturing; extruded, molded or cast biopolymers in bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets, film, paper, tubes or foam form for use in manufacturing. Trays; cups; coffee cups; plates; bottles sold empty; bowls; jars; pastry bags; decorating bag for confectioners; baskets; thermal insulated bags for food beverages; household containers; non-woven wipes.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Plastics, namely, unprocessed plastics in all forms; unprocessed polymers in all forms, namely, Polymer beads, pellets, and powders for use in manufacturing; polymer compositions used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; artificial resins; unprocessed artificial resins in all forms; resins used in the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods, namely, synthetic resins for use in manufacturing cosmetics, molding compounds, and consumer goods; unprocessed bioplastics in all forms; unprocessed biopolymers in all forms for general industrial use; biopolymers for general industrial use, namely, the manufacture of commercial, industrial, and domestic goods; chemical intermediates for use in further manufacturing of acids, adhesives, binders, coatings, elastomers, plasticizers, polymers, polyols, resins, sealants, solvents, and surfactants Plastic in the form of pellets, sheets and tubes for use in manufacturing; bioplastics, namely, bioplastics in pellet form for general industrial use and extruded bioplastic in the form of pellets for use in manufacturing
67.
METHOD FOR STABILIZING POLYMERS CONTAINING REPEATING LACTIC ACID UNITS, AND STABILIZED POLYMERS SO MADE
Metal catalyst residues in resins containing polymerized lactic acid units, such as polylactides, are deactivated by treatment with a polymer or copolymer that contain pendant acid groups and pendant ester groups, with an acid-containing PLA resin, or with a polymer or copolymer having at least one acid groups per 250 atomic mass units and which has pendant lactic acid or poly(lactic acid) groups. The deactivating agent is effective at deactivating the catalyst, and has little effect on the optical clarity of the resin.
2. Excellent quality, low density foam is produced easily and reproducibly. The foams arc capable of being heat-annealed to induce significant crystallinity, even when an ordinarily amorphous PLA resin is used.
C08J 9/08 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/04 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
69.
POLYLACTIC ACID STEREOCOMPLEX COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING SAME
Thermoformed PLA stereocomplex parts are made using a PLA stereocomplex composition having a highest crystallization melting temperature from 200 to 215°C. The stereocomplex composition preferably has less than 5 J/g of lower melting (160 to 190°C) crystallites. The stereocomplex can be pre-annealed in various ways to reduce thermoforming cycle times. The stereocomplex forms parts with low haze and good thermal resistance, at reasonable cycle times.
C08G 63/123 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
Polylactide resins are blended with core-shell rubber particles to improve impact strength. A good balance of impact strength and transparency is achieved when the rubber particles are distributed within the polymer matrix such that most of them exist as single particles or agglomerates having a diameter of 150 nanometers or more, and the number average size of the particles and agglomerates is not more than 210 nanometers.
Polylactide polymers are reacted with an epoxy-functional acrylate polymer to introduce long-chain branching into the polymer. The acrylate polymer provides a flexible means for introducing a controllable amount of branching into the polylactide polymer, with little risk of forming gelled or highly crosslinked structures. The branched polylactide polymers have excellent melt rheological properties that make them more easily processable in various melt-processing applications.
The invention herein is an efficient, flexible biomass fractionation process comprising digesting a lignocellulosic-biomass material at about 120-220°C and a pH of less than about 4, in an aqueous mixture containing an effective concentration of at least one solvent for lignin, and separating to recover a solid phase that contains a large fraction of the cellulose originally in the starting lignocellulosic material and a liquid phase that contains most of the lignin and hemicellulose originally in the starting lignocellulosic biomass. The process can produce a solid phase that contains at least 75% cellulose and less than 10% lignin. The cellulose-rich solid product can be converted very efficiently to glucose. The solid product can also be used in commercial pulp applications, such as papermaking or fluff pulp. Hemicellulose sugars and lignin can be used directly or converted to other products.
Yeast cells having an exogenous lactate dehydrogenase gene ae modified by reducing L- or D-lactate:ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase activity in the cell. This leads to reduced consumption of lactate by the cell and can increase overall lactate yields in a fermentation process. Cells having the reduced L- or D- lactate:ferricytochrome c oxidoreductase activity can be screened for by resistance to organic acids such as lactic or glycolic acid.
C12N 15/00 - Mutation or genetic engineeringDNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purificationUse of hosts therefor
C12Q 1/68 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
C07H 21/04 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
Goods & Services
(1) Packing materials, namely, blister packs, container and tray inserts, window films, floral wraps, food wrappers, and food bags
(2) Resin in extruded form, film form, sheet form or foam form for use in manufacturing
(3) Cups, plates, trays and beverage containers; containers for food.
22 - Rope, netting, tents, awnings, sails and sacks; padding and stuffing materials
23 - Yarns and threads for textile use
25 - Clothing; footwear; headgear
Goods & Services
(1) Polylactic acid fibers for use in further manufacturing; yarns and threads.
(2) Clothing, namely, socks, underwear, pants, skirts, T-shirts, shirts, blouses, sweaters, sweatshirts, hats, coats, and jeans and polylactic acid based fibers sold as an integral component of the foregoing.
22 - Rope, netting, tents, awnings, sails and sacks; padding and stuffing materials
23 - Yarns and threads for textile use
24 - Textiles and textile goods
Goods & Services
Polylactic acid fibers for use in further manufacturing; polylactic fibers used as a component of fabrics; polylactic fibers used as a component of clothing. Yarns and threads. Fabrics.
Fabrics made from polylactic acid based fibers; polylactic acid based fibers sold as an integral component of fabrics made from polylactic acid based fibers
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
(1) Polylactic acid-based polymers for use in further manufacturing.
(2) Fibers made from polylactic acid-based polymers used in further manufacturing.
(3) Polyactic acid fibers made from renewable resources for use in further manufacturing.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
22 - Rope, netting, tents, awnings, sails and sacks; padding and stuffing materials
Goods & Services
Polylactic acid-based polymers for use in further manufacturing [ Polylactic acid fibers made from renewable resouces for use in further manufacturing ]
