unified11,processed22,processed1,processedexternal12,processedexternal2,processedunifiedunified) by using interfacing function, first control signal and second control signal.
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 3/40 - Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
2.
METHOD FOR LOCATING A GROUND FAULT, A CONTROL UNIT AND AN ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
There is disclosed herein a method for locating a ground fault in an energy storage system comprising a plurality of parallel strings. A string comprises a plurality of energy storage units connected in series and an energy storage unit includes one or more energy storage modules and a bypass circuit. The method comprises for each string of said energy storage system, identifying an energy storage unit candidate as a potential ground fault location based on a number of energy storage units in the string, a pole unbalance voltage and an energy storage system voltage, and determining in which string the ground fault is located by successively bypassing, one string at a time, at least some of the identified energy storage unit candidates and identifying the string for which a deviation from an expected behaviour is measured.
There is disclosed herein a method for detecting a ground fault in an energy storage system comprising at least one string having a plurality of energy storage modules. The string is connected between a first direct current (DC) pole and a second DC pole. The first DC pole and the second DC pole are connected to an AC side through a respective converter. The method comprises determining a first co-phasal harmonic component based on at least one phase-to-ground voltage measured at the AC side, determining a second co-phasal harmonic component based on at least one pole-to-ground voltage measured at the DC side, and determining presence of a ground fault if the first co-phasal harmonic component increases and/or the second co-phasal harmonic component decreases. There is also disclosed herein a control unit and an energy storage system.
There is disclosed herein an energy storage system (ESS) adapted for incorporation with a medium-voltage static compensator (STATCOM), the ESS comprising a plurality of strings electrically connected in parallel, each string comprising one or more electrical energy storage units electrically connected in series. At least one string comprises a protection arrangement, the protection arrangement comprising a contactor arranged in series with the one or more electrical energy storage units, configured to interrupt current flow through the string during a fault response, and a disconnector switch arranged in series with the one or more electrical energy storage units, configured to open after the contactor has interrupted current flow through the string. The contactor has a voltage rating substantially less than the total string voltage; and the disconnector switch has a voltage rating at least substantially similar to the total string voltage. There is further disclosed herein a STATCOM device connected to such an ESS, and a method for controlling such an ESS.
H02H 3/087 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current for DC applications
H02H 7/16 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for capacitors
H02H 7/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteriesEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for accumulators
H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
H02H 3/02 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection Details
H02H 9/02 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
H02H 7/26 - Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occurred
5.
POWER TRANSFORMER FOR ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER APPLICATION
A power transformer for an on-load tap changer application is disclosed. The power transformer comprises a winding arrangement with a core, several windings wound around the core, and a shield located at an outer side of an outermost one of the windings, wherein the shield comprises or consists of a conductive or semiconductive material.
H01F 38/00 - Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
6.
AN ELECTROSTATIC SHIELDING ELEMENT, AN ELECTROSTATIC SHIELDING ARRANGEMENT AND A TRANSFORMER ARRANGEMENT COMPRISING THE ELECTROSTATIC SHIELDING ARRANGEMENT
The disclosure relates to an electrostatic shielding element arranged on a first axis and comprising an electrostatically shielded volume (at least partially closed by an electrically conductive coating, wherein a thickness and an electrical conductivity of the coating are selected to enable a magnetic field of a predetermined frequency to penetrate the coating, into the volume. The disclosure also relates to an electrostatic shielding arrangement and to a transformer arrangement.
The invention relates to a component (20, 24, 26, 28) of a transformer (10), wherein the component (20, 24, 26, 28) is a current-carrying component and comprises a graphene-reinforced aluminium matrix composite. Furthermore, the invention relates to a transformer (10) comprising the above component (20, 24, 26, 28).
H01B 1/02 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A GROWTH SUBSTRATE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN EPITAXIAL SILICON CARBIDE LAYER, GROWTH SUBSTRATE, AND EPITAXIAL SILICON CARBIDE LAYER
A method for producing a growth substrate (1) for an epitaxial silicon carbide layer (5) is specified, the method comprising : providing an initial wafer (2), wherein the initial wafer (2) comprises silicon carbide and wherein the initial wafer (2) comprises a first dopant, and heating the initial wafer (2) to an annealing temperature within a first gas atmosphere, wherein the first dopant and the first gas comprise the same material element, such that a growth region (4) for the epitaxial silicon carbide layer (5) is produced, wherein a maximum concentration of the first dopant of the growth region (4) is higher than a maximum concentration of the first dopant in an initial wafer region. Furthermore, a method for producing an epitaxial silicon carbide layer (5), a growth substrate (1), an epitaxial silicon carbide layer (5), and a power semiconductor device are provided.
In one embodiment, the power semiconductor device (1) comprises - a first electrode (21) and a second electrode (22), and - a semiconductor layer sequence (3), wherein - seen along a vertical direction (V), the semiconductor layer sequence (3) comprises a first region (31) of a first conductivity type, a second region (32) adjacent to the second electrode (22) of a second conductivity type, and a reverse layer (44) of the second conductivity type between the first electrode (21) and the first region (31), - the first region (31) comprises extensions (5, 51, 52, 53) running through the reverse layer (44), - seen in top view of the first electrode (21), the reverse layer (44) comprises a central area (41), an intermediate area (42) and an edge area (43) in which the extensions (5, 51, 52, 53) have different area proportions and/or sizes, respectively.
H10D 62/85 - Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group III-V materials, e.g. GaAs
H10D 62/83 - Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group IV materials, e.g. B-doped Si or undoped Ge
H10D 62/80 - Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials
10.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING A STATE OF HEALTH, SOH, OF AN ENERGY STORAGE MODULE, A CONTROL UNIT AND AN ARRANGEMENT
There is disclosed herein a method for determining SoH of an energy storage module (22) of an energy storage system (20) of an arrangement (1). The energy storage system is connected to an alternating current, AC, power grid (2) through a multilevel modular converter, MMC (10) of the arrangement. The method comprises controlling the MMC to generate a circulating current with a pulse pattern having different levels and that circulates through the energy storage modules, measuring a module voltage over and a module current through each energy storage module, determining an individual module resistance for each energy storage module based on the respective module voltage and the respective module current at the different levels in the pulse pattern, and determining a SoH for each energy storage module based on the individual module resistance. There is further disclosed herein a control unit (50) and an arrangement.
The present disclosure relates to a preservation system (10) for a liquid-immersed transformer (30), comprising an expansion tank (11) configured for holding variable volumes of a first liquid (4) and a gas (18), respectively, at least one chamber (14) formed separate from the expansion tank (11) and configured for holding a further volume of the gas (18), the chamber (14) being fluidically connected to an upper part of the expansion tank (11), such that the gas (18) above the variable volume of the first liquid (4) can flow to and from the at least one chamber (14), and a u-shaped, tube -like vessel (16) with a first upper part (16a) connected to the at least one chamber (14), a second upper part open to an environment, and a base part (16b) fluidically connecting the first upper part (16a) and the second upper part an d being configured for holding a second liquid (20) separating the gas (18) from ambient air. The present disclosure further relates to a transformer system (1).
A method for producing a semiconductor body comprises providing a first semiconductor layer of SiC, introducing carbon into the first semiconductor layer so that at least a portion of the first semiconductor layer becomes at least one C-rich region, and growing a second semiconductor layer of SiC on the first semiconductor layer comprising the at least one C-rich region.
H01L 21/04 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
C30B 25/18 - Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
C30B 25/20 - Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate the substrate being of the same materials as the epitaxial layer
C30B 31/22 - Doping by irradiation with electromagnetic waves or by particle radiation by ion-implantation
H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
13.
COOLING ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR COOLING AT LEAST ONE OIL-TO-AIR EXTERNAL HEAT EXCHANGER
A cooling arrangement for cooling at least one OAEHE in a transformer. The cooling arrangement comprises at least one impeller-motor device, at least one fluid pipe and a first fluid discharge device. The first fluid discharge device comprises a fluid inlet arranged to receive a fluid from the at least one fluid pipe, and at least one fluid outlet arranged to direct the fluid towards the OAEHE, wherein the at least one impeller-motor device is adapted to supply the fluid to the inlet of the first fluid discharge device via the at least one fluid pipe and cause the fluid to flow through the at least one fluid outlet of the first fluid discharge device in a direction of the at least one OAEHE. The cooling arrangement further comprises a second fluid discharge device adapted to disturb the fluid that flows through the at least one fluid outlet of the first fluid discharge device.
F28D 1/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
There is disclosed herein an energy storage system for a direct current (DC) transmission system, the energy storage system being configured to be connected to a DC link. The energy storage system comprises a first system terminal, a second system terminal, a first converter connected to the first system terminal, and a second converter connected to the first converter and the second system terminal. The energy storage system further comprises an AC loop device providing an alternating current (AC) path, and a plurality of energy storage devices connected in parallel with the second converter comprising a cell having power electronic switches, and an energy storage element connected to the cell, wherein the cells are individually switchable. The present disclosure further relates to a method for providing energy storage to a DC transmission system.
The invention relates to a drive (10) for an electric circuit breaker (2) of a high voltage switchgear, wherein the drive (10) comprises a storage device (12) configured for resiliently storing mechanical energy and a hydraulic device (13) configured for transferring the mechanical energy, wherein the storage device (12) comprises a working cylinder (14) and a piston rod (16) guided in the working cylinder (14), by means of which piston rod (16) a moving contact member of the electric circuit breaker (2) can be actuated; wherein the drive (10) further comprises a counter device (20) configured to count actuation cycles of the piston rod (16) in the working cylinder (14), and/or a position indicator device (50) configured to indicate a position of the piston rod (16) in the working cylinder (14) by means of a rotational position of an indicator element (54) of the position indicator device (50); and wherein the drive (10) further comprises an actuation member (18) coupled to the piston rod (16) and to the counter device (20) and/or the position indicator device (50).
The disclosure relates to an operating mechanism for a switchgear device, including a rotatable output shaft configured for achieving an opening or closing operation of the switchgear device by rotation, a rotatable energy storage lever and a spring, whereby the energy storage lever is configured for being rotated by a motor so as to drive the spring to be compressed for storing energy, and a rotatable drive lever torque-proof connected to the output shaft, rotatably connected to the energy storage lever and free-wheeling connected to the spring allowing a rotability between the drive lever and the spring of ≤60° for achieving the opening or closing operation of the switchgear device, whereby the spring is configured, during at least one of the opening and closing operation of the switchgear device, for releasing energy so as to rotate the drive lever after passing through the spring's dead-point position.
A superjunction power semiconductor device comprising a substrate, a plurality of core structures and a plurality of annular shell structures. Each core structure has a cylindrical shape extending in a direction perpendicular to a main surface of the substrate and comprising a first semiconductor material of a first conductivity type. Each shell structure surrounds one of the core structures on its outside and comprises a second semiconductor material of a second conductivity type.
A vacuum interrupter for an on-load tap changer comprising a cylindrical housing arranged on an axis including a wall enclosing a hermetically sealed inner volume and a ceramic bottom part extending perpendicularly to the axis, the wall comprising a first optical interface between the inner volume and an outer environment, the first optical interface being configured to be transparent to at least one optical wavelength, the inner volume comprising an optical guide open to an environment of the inner volume, a switch coaxially arranged with the housing on the axis within the inner volume of the housing, the vacuum interrupter further comprising a shield element coaxially arranged with the switch, characterised in that the optical guide is arranged recessed in relation to an inner surface of the ceramic bottom part of the wall and in that the shield element is arranged between the switch and the optical guide.
The present disclosure provides a surge arrester module and a surge arrester including the surge arrester module. The surge arrester module includes a varistor stack, a pair of electrodes and a coupling assembly for coupling the pair of electrodes. The varistor stack includes multiple varistor blocks stacked along a longitudinal direction of the surge arrester module and is sandwiched the pair of electrodes. The coupling assembly includes at least one rod. Each rod includes a rod body extending in the longitudinal direction and at least one sleeve sleeved outside the rod body for attaching the rod to the electrode. The rod body is made of insulating material and includes a first interlocking portion in the form of a circumferential groove, wherein the groove lies within a plane having a normal vector parallel to the longitudinal direction.
A conservator device (1) for use with an electric induction device (2), said electric induction device (2) comprising a liquid-filled volume. The conservator device (1) comprises a tank (3) and two or more diaphragms (6) provided inside the tank (3). Each diaphragm (6) is attached to the tank (3) around a circumferential portion of the respective diaphragm (6) such that the diaphragms (6) jointly divide the inner volume of the tank (3) into a first volume (V1) for liquid and a second volume (V2) for air. The tank (3) is provided with a first port (8) fluidly connecting the second volume (V2) to ambient air, and a second port (7) enabling fluid connection between the first volume (V1) and the liquid-filled volume of the electric induction device (2). Portions of one or more of said diaphragms (6) are attached to the tank (3) via a rigid support structure (4, 10, 11) attached to the tank (3).
A conservator device (1) for use with an electric induction device (2). The electric induction device (2) comprises a liquid-filled volume, and the conservator device comprises a tank (3), and one or more wall primary wall members (4) provided within an inner volume (V) of the tank (3). The primary wall members (4) are5 adapted to horizontally divide the inner volume (V) of the tank into a plurality of compartments (C). The secondary wall members (5) are provided within the inner volume (V) of the tank, and are adapted to vertically divide the inner volume (V) of the tank, or one or more of said compartments, into an upper compartment (CU) and a lower compartment (CL). One or more of said upper compartments10 (CU) are provided with a respective bladder (6) inside the respective upper compartment (CU). Each respective bladder (6) is attached to the tank (3) such that an inner volume of the bladder (6) is fluidly separated from a remaining portion of the inner volume (V) of the tank (3), and each bladder (6) is fluidly connected to ambient air through a first port (8) of the tank (3). The tank (3)15 comprises a second port (7) adapted to provide a liquid connection between said remaining portion of the inner volume of the tank (3) and a liquid-filled volume of the electric induction device (2). The primary (4) and/or secondary (5) wall members are adapted to enable liquid flow between the compartments (C, CU, CL). The one or more primary (4) and/or secondary (5) wall members are fluid-20 permeable and is/are made of porous material.
A conservator device (1) for use with an electric induction device (2), said electric induction device comprising a liquid-filled volume. The conservator device (1) comprises: a tank (3), one or more wall members (4) provided within an inner volume of the tank (3), said one or more wall members (4) being adapted to horizontally divide the inner volume of the tank (3) into a plurality of compartments (C). One or more of said compartments (C) is provided with a respective barrier (6) being flexible and attached to the tank (3) such that the barrier (6) fluidly separates a dry portion of the inner volume of the tank (3) from a remaining portion of the inner volume of the tank (3), wherein each dry portion of the inner0 volume of the tank (3) is fluidly connected to ambient air by a first port (8) of the tank (3). The tank (3) comprising a second port (7) adapted to enable a liquid connection between said remaining portion of the inner volume of the tank (3) and a liquid-filled volume of the electric induction device (2). Further, the one or more wall members (4) are liquid-permeable.
The present disclosure relates to a method for controlling a power distribution system comprising distributed charging station(s) for coupling to electrical vehicle(s) (EVs) and a grid interface for coupling the distributed charging station(s) to a power grid. The method comprises determining an EV power setpoint of the EV(s) based on received data; determining a first overload condition based on the EV power setpoint and a first power constraint of the distributed charging station(s); updating the EV power setpoint based on the first overload condition; determining a second overload condition based on the updated EV power setpoint and a second power constraint of the grid interface; redetermining the EV power setpoint based on the updated EV power setpoint and the second overload condition; and controlling the power distribution system based on the redetermined EV power setpoint. The present disclosure also relates to a respective system and power distribution system.
In one embodiment, the semiconductor device (1) comprises a semiconductor body (2), a gate electrode (33) and a first electrode (31), wherein—the semiconductor body (2) comprises a first region (21) which is a source region or an emitter region, and comprises a well region (22) located next to the first region (21), the first region (21) is of a first conductivity type and the well region (22) is of a second conductivity type, —the well region (22) is separated from the gate electrode (33) by a gate insulator layer (4), —the first region (21) is electrically contacted by means of the first electrode (31), —in the first region (21) there is at least one current limiting region (5), and—the at least one current limiting region (5) is a sub-region of the first region (21) with a decreased electrical conductivity.
H10D 62/832 - Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group IV materials, e.g. B-doped Si or undoped Ge being Group IV materials comprising two or more elements, e.g. SiGe
25.
PARAMETER ESTIMATION FOR VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS IN NOISY ENVIRONMENTS
A method for estimating an ON-state resistance of a semiconductor switch in an electric power converter is provided. The method comprises obtaining, from a measurement circuit, an ON-state voltage of the semiconductor switch. The method further comprises obtaining an ON-state current through the semiconductor switch. The method further comprises obtaining a selected frequency, extracting voltage harmonics of the selected frequency from the ON-state voltage, and extracting current harmonics of the selected frequency from the ON-state current. The method further comprises integrating the voltage harmonics over a period of time, to obtain an integrated voltage. The method further comprises integrating the current harmonics over the same period of time, to obtain an integrated current. The method further comprises determining an ON-state resistance estimate of the semiconductor switch based on the integrated voltage and the integrated current.
A control device for at least one electric power system component comprises at least one control circuit, configured to be coupled to a communication interface and the at least one electric power system component. The at least one control circuit is further configured to receive data from the communication interface, set the control device to a local control mode based on the received data if a user of a mobile device is at a first location local to the control device, and set the control device to a remote control mode in response to a request of the user of the mobile device from a second location remote to the control device. A mobile device configured to interact with the control device is also provided.
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
A method for lifetime prediction and monitoring of a device, and a corresponding system are provided. The method comprises calculating a probability density function over time for an aging variable based on solving equation(s) from an aging model with an End of Life (EOL) boundary condition, wherein the boundary condition includes a first boundary condition and a second boundary condition, wherein the first boundary condition is a no-flux boundary condition and the second boundary condition is an absorbing or partly absorbing boundary condition, measuring an condition related observable of the device; obtaining first data representing measurement of the observable, calculating a likelihood for the aging variable from the first data, updating the calculated probability density function of the aging variable based on the likelihood, and generating a signal indicating a health prediction of the device based on the probability density function, the aging model and the EOL boundary condition.
In one embodiment, the semiconductor device (1) comprises a semiconductor body (2), a gate electrode (33) and a first electrode (31), wherein—the semiconductor body (2) comprises a first region (21) which is a source region or an emitter region, and comprises a well region (22), the first region (21) is of a first conductivity type and the well region (22) is of a different, second conductivity type,—the well region (22) is separated from the gate electrode (33) by a gate insulator layer (4),—the first region (21) is electrically contacted by means of the first electrode (31) which is a source electrode or an emitter electrode,—in the first region (21) there is at least one current limiting region (5), and—the at least one current limiting region (5) is of at least one electrically insulating material.
H10D 62/60 - Impurity distributions or concentrations
H10D 62/832 - Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group IV materials, e.g. B-doped Si or undoped Ge being Group IV materials comprising two or more elements, e.g. SiGe
There is disclosed herein a tensioner device for arranging radially around a composite rod between a first anchor point of the composite rod and a first pushing surface arranged between the first and second anchor point of the composite rod. The tensioner device is configured to tension the composite rod by applying pressure between the first anchor point and the first pushing surface, and comprises a first part for abutting the first anchor point, a second part for abutting the first pushing surface, and a third part arranged between the first and second parts, and engaging at least one thereof so as to translate a rotational motion of said third part into a linear motion of said at least one of the first and second parts away from the third part, to thereby apply the pressure between the first anchor point and the first pushing surface.
The present disclosure relates to a method for energizing a modular multilevel converter (100) comprising converter valves (101), each converter valve having a plurality of interconnected cells (102), wherein each cell comprises a plurality of power electronic switches (105, 106, 107, 108) in a full-bridge arrangement, a chargeable element (109), and a plurality of gate drive units (118), one gate drive unit for each power electronic switch. The method includes: providing power to the modular multilevel converter from an external power supply (S201); powering the cells, thereby charging the chargeable elements of the cells (S202); generating, when a cell voltage caused by said charging exceeds a first threshold voltage level, a cell sub-ready signal for that cell (S203); generating, when at least a predetermined minimum number of cells have generated the sub-ready signal, a sub-ready_for_operation signal (S204); and running a deblocking sequence comprising closing a first power electronic switch (105) in all cells to electrically configure the cells to be continuously charged as a half-bridge cells, and keep the first power electronic switch closed until the cell voltage has reached a converter operable voltage, which is higher than a second threshold voltage (5205).
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
31.
PRESSURE COMPENSATOR AND SUBSEA TRANSFORMER SYSTEM
In at least one embodiment, the pressure compensator (1) is configured for subsea-use and comprises: - a first bellows chamber (21) configured to be filled with a first insulation liquid (61), - an electrical equipment (3) placed in the first bellows chamber (21), and - electrical feedthroughs (4) connecting the electrical equipment (3) with an exterior of the pressure compensator (1).
The invention relates to a power converter rack (1) comprising a plurality of sliding elements (4) arranged one above another inside the rack (1), a plurality of power converter modules (3) configured for each being carried on a respective sliding element (4) of the plurality of sliding elements (4) for being slid into and out of the rack (1) and each power converter module (3) of the plurality of power converter modules (3) comprising a flexible power cable (6) connecting the respective power converter module (3) with the rack (1), and at least one fan (10) configured for being carried on another one of the plurality of sliding elements (4) for being slid into and out of the rack (1).
In at least one embodiment, the pressure compensator (1) is configured for subsea-use and comprises: - a first bellows chamber (21) configured to be filled with a first insulation liquid (61), - an electrical equipment (3) placed in the first bellows chamber (21), and - electrical feedthroughs (4) connecting the electrical equipment (3) with an exterior of the pressure compensator (1).
An energy storage device is provided comprising a plurality of interconnected energy storage modules (102), an earthing busbar (104), and a protection unit (106). The protection unit comprises a resistor unit 108, a variable resistor unit (110) and a voltage detecting device (112). The variable resistor unit is connected in parallel to the resistor unit. The variable resistor unit is configured to change its resistance based on the voltage across the resistor unit. The voltage detecting device (112) is configured to detect a voltage deviation across the resistor unit and provide a feedback control signal to the energy storage device based on the detected voltage deviation. The protection unit is electrically connected between the plurality of interconnected energy storage modules and the earthing busbar.
H02H 9/04 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
H02H 9/08 - Limitation or suppression of earth fault currents, e.g. Petersen coil
H02H 3/16 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
G01R 31/52 - Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
H02H 7/16 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for capacitors
H02H 7/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteriesEmergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for accumulators
35.
INTEGRATION OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING PROBABILISTIC OPTIMAL POWER FLOW
Distributed energy resources may be outside the control of a utility. While these distributed energy resources may be managed by distributed energy resource (DER) management systems, the DER management systems do not have knowledge of the overall power network to which the distributed energy resources are connected and do not have the same objective as the utility. Consequently, operation of the distributed energy resources by the DER management systems may result in network violations. Accordingly, disclosed embodiments integrate knowledge from the management system of the utility into the DER management systems using probabilistic optimal power flow to generate operating ranges that may be used in the DER dispatch of each DER management system. These operating ranges may be used to constrain the DER dispatch, to thereby ensure secure and safe operation of the overall power network, while requiring little to no modifications in the DER management systems.
A method for detecting a fault in a power system is provided. The method comprises: obtaining current change at a first position of a power line in the power system and voltage change at a second position of the power line, the second position being located on a side of the first position opposite to a power source (1001); determining, based on the obtained current change and the obtained voltage change, transient energy indicating a fault direction of the fault relative to the first position (1002); determining energy thresholds based on line parameters of the power line and the obtained current change (1003); and identifying the fault direction based on comparison of the determined transient energy and the determined energy thresholds (1004). In the method, the thresholds for identifying the fault direction can be accurately determined in real time, thereby improving accuracy and response speed of the fault detection and protection.
Operators typically utilize techno-economic means to set peak power demand in power infrastructure sites, such as power depots and microgrids. However, conventional means tend to either produce sub-optimal values of peak power demand or be too computationally expensive to be performed in a real-time or scalable manner. Accordingly, disclosed embodiments utilize a sliding time window to continuously or periodically determine peak power demand in past, current, and future portions of a current time period. These embodiments are able to determine an optimal peak power demand for the current time period, while remaining computationally feasible for real-time performance and being scalable with the complexity of optimization.
An arrangement, which is connectable to an alternating current (AC) power transmission system, comprising a static synchronous compensator device having a converter unit and an energy storage unit connected with the converter unit; a power absorption device; and a control device connected with the static synchronous compensator device and with the power absorption device. The control device is configured to control the static synchronous compensator device to exchange power with the AC power transmission system, and to control the power absorption device in dependence of a state of charge of the energy storage unit and a state of the power transmission system. The control device is configured to determine whether there is a need to absorb active power from the AC power transmission system in excess of what the static synchronous compensator device is absorbing and, in case of a need, control the power absorption device to absorb active power.
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
39.
CONTACT SYSTEM FOR AN ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER AND ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER
A contact system (1) for a tap changer comprises a first and a second fixed contact unit (20) each with at least one fixed electrical contact element (24), and a movable contact unit with at least one movable electrical contact element (10). The moveable contact unit comprises a two-level driving contact with contact portions (11, 12) which are arranged offset to each other with respect to a rotation axis (R2) of the moveable contact element (10). The contact system (1) further comprises a driving unit (3) to rotationally drive the movable contact element (10) towards the respective fixed contact element (24) of the associated fixed contact unit (20). The driving unit (3) comprises a two-level driving contact with protrusions (6, 7) which are arranged offset to each other with respect to a rotation axis (R1) of the driving unit (3). The movable contact unit and the driving unit (3) are configured so that a first state, in which the movable contact element (10) is in electrical contact with the contact element (24) of the first fixed contact unit (20), and a second state, in which the moveable contact element (10) is in electrical contact with the contact element (24) of the second fixed contact unit (20), are settable.
It is difficult to predict an influence of vegetation on a feature with high accuracy. Accordingly, in an embodiment, a vegetation management system, that manages an influence of vegetation on a predetermined feature, includes: an acquisition unit that acquires remote sensing image data of the vegetation; a classification unit that classifies, based on the remote sensing image data, a tree included in the vegetation in accordance with growth activity representing potential for future growth; a growth prediction unit that predicts growth of the tree based on a classification result obtained by the classification unit; a risk determination unit that determines risk of contact with the predetermined feature; and a visualization unit that outputs and visualizes a determination result obtained by the risk determination unit.
G06V 10/62 - Extraction of image or video features relating to a temporal dimension, e.g. time-based feature extractionPattern tracking
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
G06V 10/77 - Processing image or video features in feature spacesArrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using data integration or data reduction, e.g. principal component analysis [PCA] or independent component analysis [ICA] or self-organising maps [SOM]Blind source separation
41.
METHODS, DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM FOR DETERMINING A WAVE SPEED OR PROPAGATION VELOCITY IN A POWER GRID
The present disclosure relates to a method for obtaining a wave speed or propagation velocity in a power grid comprising a transmission line connected between two buses comprising determining a voltage and current at at least one bus, determining a propagation constant5 using the voltage and the current, determining line parameters based on the propagation constant and determining a wave speed or propagation velocity based on the line parameters. The disclosure also relates to a corresponding storage medium, device and power grid.
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
G01R 31/08 - Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
42.
METHODS, DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM FOR DETERMINING A WAVE SPEED OR PROPAGATION VELOCITY IN A POWER GRID
The present disclosure relates to a method for determining a wave speed or propagation velocity in a power grid comprising a transmission line connected between two buses. The method comprises obtaining a voltage and current at at least one bus, determining a propagation constant using the voltage and the current, and determining a wave speed or propagation velocity based on the propagation constant.
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
G01R 31/08 - Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
43.
ON-LOAD TAP CHANGER, TRANSFORMER AND OPERATING METHOD
In one embodiment, the on-load tap changer (1) is f or a distribution transformer (10) and comprises: - a driving system (2) including a force store unit (31), - a slow-moving selector contact package (4), and - a fast-moving selector contact package (5), wherein - the driving system (2) is to move the slow-moving selector contact package (4) with a first speed and the fast -moving selector contact package (5) with a second, higher speed from a first selector contact (11) to a second selector contact (12) of the transformer (10), - the driving system (2) is to begin movement of the fast-moving selector contact package (5) later than movement of the slow-moving selector contact package (4), and - the force store unit (31) is loaded during movement of the slow-moving selector contact package (4) and is unloaded to drive movement of the fast-moving selector contact package (5).
H01H 9/00 - Details of switching devices, not covered by groups
H01F 29/04 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group with tappings on coil or windingVariable transformers or inductances not covered by group with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
H01H 3/40 - Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
H01H 3/26 - Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
44.
OBTAINING STATE OF HEALTH AND STATE OF CHARGE OF A BATTERY
The present disclosure relates to a method for obtaining a state of health, SOH, and state of charge, SOC, of a battery. The method comprises obtaining real-time data of the battery, the real time data including voltage, current, temperature, initial SOC, and an initial SOH, obtaining battery parameters from a look up table, LUT, based on the real-time current, temperature, initial SOC, and an initial SOH and obtaining a new SOC and new SOH based on the battery parameters, real-time current, real-time voltage, initial SOC, and initial SOH. The disclosure further relates to a corresponding device, system and computer-readable storage medium.
G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
G01R 31/388 - Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
There is disclosed herein a method for controlling a grid-connected modular multilevel converter, MMC (100), wherein the MMC (100) comprises a plurality of phase arms (104a-1, 104b-1, …, 104c-1), and each phase arm 5 (104a-1, 104b-1, …, 104c-1) comprises a plurality of series-connected converter cells (106) each having respective DC units (108). The method comprises determining a dissimilarity in loading between DC units (108) in a first phase arm (104a-1) and, in response to determining the dissimilarity, determining a first phase arm power to be delivered by the first phase arm 10 (104a-1). The method further comprises determining a cell power to be delivered each cell (106) in the first phase arm (104a-1) by distributing the first phase arm power among the cells (106) in the first phase arm (104a-1), and controlling the cells (106) in the first phase arm (104a-1) to deliver their respective determined cell power. There is further disclosed herein an MMC 15 converter (102-1) configured to carry out such a method, and a system (100) comprising a plurality of such MMC converters (102-1, 102-2, …, 102-N).
The invention relates to a current limiting fuse which comprises a first terminal end cap (3), a second terminal end cap (3´), and a fusible element (1) disposed between and connected to the first terminal end cap (3) and the second terminal end cap (3´). The fusible element (1) consists of or comprises a tubular element. The tubular element allows the fusible element to have a larger diameter as compared to a fusible element according to the prior art. The larger diameter of the fusible element results in reduced dielectric stress and this again leads to less partial discharges.
A measurement device (1) for high power measurement of a semiconductor device (10) comprises the semiconduct or device (10) and a frame (2) enclosing the semiconductor device (10) with respect to a lateral direction (B) perpendicular to an upright direction (A). The measurement device (1) further comprises a power supply (4) which is electrically coupled to the semiconductor device (10) for supplying a given high voltage or current to the semiconductor device (10). The measurement device (1) further comprises a detector (5) for detecting an imaging signal of the semiconductor device (10), and a dielectric liquid (3) which comprises a predetermined dielectric strength and which is arranged inside th e frame (2) covering the semiconductor device (10) such that the semiconductor device (10) is immersed in the dielectric liquid (3).
The present disclosure relates to a computer-implemented method of codebase parsing for providing input of a language model (10), comprising providing at least one codebase to the language model; providing metadata relating to the codebase to the language model; and segmenting the at least one codebase into a plurality of codebase portions. Each codebase portion is associated with a portion of the metadata which corresponds to the respective codebase portion. The present disclosure also relates to computer-implemented method of interacting with a language model (10), a computer program product, an apparatus (500), and a computer readable medium (520).
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Electronic installations, namely, high-voltage feedthroughs
for use with transformers. Ceramic electrical insulators; electrical insulators made of
rubber; dielectrics (insulators); insulating paper;
insulating materials; insulating splice sleeves for
electrical cables; insulating sleeves for power lines;
insulators and insulating agents for electricity, heat and
sound; electrical insulating materials; electrical
insulators and insulating agents.
51.
MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR A POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
A manufacturing method for a power semiconductor device, comprising forming at least one insulating layer on a surface of a crystalline growth substrate, the at least one insulating layer comprising at least one cavity extending in a lateral direction within the at least one insulating layer; selectively growing a wide bandgap, WBG, semiconductor material within the cavity to form a lateral epi-layer, wherein a surface area of the growth substrate exposed through at least one passage formed between the at least one cavity and the growth substrate is uses as a seed area for epitaxially growing the WBG semiconductor material; and forming at least one semiconductor junction, in particular a pn junction, a np junction or a Schottky junction, within or at an end of the selectively grown WBG semiconductor material.
A power module (10) comprising a carrier (1), a plurality of semiconductor devices (2) and at least one bridge structure (5, 5A, 5B) is provided. The carrier (1) comprises a mounting surface (1M) on which the semiconductor devices (2) are arranged along an upper line (HL) and along a lower line (LL). The mounting surface (1M) comprises a plurality of main metallization areas (3, 3A, 3B, 3C) and a plurality of auxiliary metallization areas (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D), wherein the main and auxiliary metallization areas (3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4, 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) are spaced apart from each other, and wherein the main metallization areas (3, 3A, 3B, 3C) provide locations (8, 8P) for power terminals (7, 7P) of the power module (10) configured for electrically contacting the semiconductor devices (2). In top view, the at least one bridge structure (5, 5A, 5B) bridges over one of the main metallization areas (3, 3A, 3B, 3C) for electrically connecting another one of the main metallization areas (3, 3A, 3B, 3C) with one of the auxiliary metallization areas (4, 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D). Moreover, a method for improving switching performance of a power module is provided. Significant
H01L 25/07 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
H01L 25/18 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of the same subclass of , , , , or
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
53.
OFFSHORE MODULES FOR CONVERTING POWER IN BI-POLE MODE, AN OFFSHORE PLATFORM SYSTEM AND A METHOD THEREOF
There is disclosed herein a first offshore module (10A) comprising an AC termination device (20A) providing AC power to a converter unit (30A) of the first offshore module, a DC pole termination device (32A) configured to provide a first DC output (33A) and a DC neutral termination device (34A) configured to provide a DC terminal at neutral potential (35). The first offshore module further comprises a connection arrangement (40A) configured to connect the first offshore module to another offshore module, a control system (52A) configured to operate the first offshore module in a monopole mode, or if the first offshore module is connected to said another offshore module, to operate at least one of the offshore modules in a bi-pole mode or in a monopole mode. There is also disclosed herein a second offshore module (10B), an offshore platform system (1) and a method (100).
A contact system (1) for an on-load tap changer (30) comprises a movable contact (2) configured to switch between several fixed contacts (3, 4) in a switching operation, wherein the movable contact (2) comprises a contact portion (6) for establishing an electrical contact with one of the fixed contacts (3, 4) in an operating position, wherein each of the fixed contacts (3, 4) comprises two jaws (5a, 5b) configured for clamping the movable contact (2), wherein each of the fixed contacts (3, 4) comprises two rollers (11a, 11b), wherein the movable contact (2) comprises a cam portion (12) configured to move between the two rollers (11a, 11b) for opening the jaws (5a, 5b) in a switching operation.
Method of controlling a distribution network and a microgrid controller adapted for the method. The distribution network comprises assets in a first part and a second part, which parts are selectively connected to each other into an interconnected state at a connection point (PCC). The method comprises monitoring and controlling the assets of the distribution network. In a first control mode, the first part is controlled by a distribution network controller and the second part is controlled by the microgrid controller. Especially, the method includes selecting between controlling the distribution network in the interconnected state in accordance with the first control mode, and controlling the distribution network in the interconnected state in accordance with a second control mode, in which second control mode the assets of the both the first part and the second part are controlled by the distribution network controller.
H02J 3/06 - Controlling transfer of power between connected networksControlling sharing of load between connected networks
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
56.
BYPASS CONTACT SYSTEM, VACUUM INTERRUPTER MODULE AND TAP CHANGER
A bypass contact system (10) for an interrupter module (1) for a tap changer comprises a first and a second bypass contact (11, 12) each with a first or second lever system (13, 14), a first or second carrier (16) and a first or second plurality of moveable contact elements (20), respectively. The respective contact elements (20) are attached to the associated carrier (16) which is pivotably coupled to the associated lever system (13, 14). Both the first and the second contact elements (20) each comprise a predetermined outer shape with at least two respective contact regions (23, 24) which are configured in coordination with contact elements (4, 6) of the interrupter module (1), so that in a first state, in which at least one contact region (23, 24) is free of contact with at least one contact element (4, 6) of the interrupter module (1), and a second state, in which all contact regions (23, 24) of the associated bypass contact (11, 12) are in contact with all associated contact elements (4, 6) of the interrupter module (1). In the respective second state, the corresponding contact regions (23, 24) of the associated contact elements (20) each establish at least a four-point electrical contact to the contact elements (4, 6) of the interrupter module (1).
H01H 1/06 - Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
H01H 9/00 - Details of switching devices, not covered by groups
H01H 1/22 - Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
57.
FAULT LOCATION DETERMINATION IN A POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Fault location determination in a power transmission system is described. Samples of voltage and current measured are obtained for each phase at a terminal. A first equivalent reactance value based on the samples of voltage and current is calculated. Further, based on the calculated equivalent reactance value a first fault location is determined.
A static contact unit (20) for a tap changer comprises a contact body (4), a pair of contact elements (5) and a spring element (6). The contact body (4) is configured to be arranged statically with respect to a movable contact (3) that is arranged at a moving shaft (1) of the tap changer. The two contact elements (5) are coupled to the contact body (4) configured to establish an electrical contact to the movable contact (3) of the moving shaft (1). The spring element (6) is coupled to both contact elements (5) inbetween with respect to a longitudinal axis (L1) of the moving shaft (1) configured to bias the contact elements (5) so that, with respect to a state in which the tap changer is assembled, the contact elements (5) are biased simultaneously in direction towards each other in sections at least.
A method comprises providing a semiconductor body with a top side. A mask is applied on the top side of the semiconductor body, wherein the mask comprises at least one first section and at least one second section. The at least one second section is laterally adjacent to the at least one first section. The mask is thicker in the at least one second section than in the at least one first section. A channel region of a first conductivity type is formed in the semiconductor body in the area of the at least one first section. Forming the channel region comprises implanting first-type dopants through the top side into the semiconductor body. An auxiliary layer is deposited on a lateral side of the at least one second section, the lateral side facing towards the at least one first section.
H10D 62/10 - Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of the semiconductor bodiesShapes of the semiconductor bodies
H10D 84/00 - Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers
60.
POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
A power semiconductor device comprises a semiconductor body with a top side, and a main electrode and an adjacent gate electrode thereon. The semiconductor body comprises a drift layer of a first conductivity type, a base region of a second conductivity type between the drift layer and the top side, a contact region of the first conductivity type between the drift layer and the top side. The contact region adjoins the base region and the top side. The semiconductor body comprises a drift region of the first conductivity type arranged next to and adjoining the base region. The main electrode is in electrical contact with the contact region. The gate electrode at least partially covers a channel portion of the base region, which lies between the contact region and the drift region. At least one of the contact region and the drift region projects beyond the base region.
The invention relates to a power semiconductor module (10) comprising a support (11) with an electrically conductive region (12) on a first side (18) of the support (11), at least one power semiconductor device (14) and at least one terminal (16), preferably a power terminal (16), wherein the power semiconductor device (14) is attached to the first side (18) of the support (11) being electrically connected to the conductive region (12), and wherein the terminal (16) for connecting the power semiconductor module (10) with an external source is attached to the first side (18) of the support (11) such that the terminal (16) has at least two distinct contact areas (24a, 24b) to the first side (18), at least one contact area (24a, 24b) is electrically connected to the conductive region (12), and in between the two contact areas (24a, 24b) a bridge (26) spanning over at least one power semiconductor device (14) is formed. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing the above power semiconductor module (10).
H01L 25/07 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
62.
POWER DEVICE, SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A POWER DEVICE
A power device (1) is specified, comprising - at least one power semiconductor chip arranged on a mounting portion (2), - a package body (3), for the at least one power semiconductor chip, with at least one recess (4) ex posing at least one partial region of a connection region (5), - a terminal block (6) comprising - a molded block (7) with at least one further recess (8), and - at least one first terminal (9) arranged in the at least one further recess (8), wherein - the terminal block (6) is arranged on the package body (3), - the at least one first terminal (9) is further arranged in the at least one recess (4) of the package body (3), - the at least one first terminal (9) is electrically connected to the at least one partial region of the connection region (5). Furthermore, a system and a method for producing a power device are specified.
H01L 23/31 - Encapsulation, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings characterised by the arrangement
H01L 25/07 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
222 and comprising an elevated and pre-determined operating gas pressure level, and the permeation barrier (5) comprises aluminium oxide and/or silicon oxide as permeation barrier layer (6), a carrier layer (7) protecting the barrier layer (6), which carrier layer (7) surrounds the permeation barrier layer (6) and a wettability layer (8) for increasing a surface energy, which wettability layer (8) surrounds both the permeation barrier layer (6) and the carrier layer (7).
H02B 1/28 - CasingsParts thereof or accessories therefor dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof or flameproof
H01B 3/40 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plasticsInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances resinsInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances waxes epoxy resins
H02B 13/045 - Details of casing, e.g. gas tightness
To perform a grid outage prediction, a processing system (30) uses a data-driven processing technique (32) to determine a grid outage indicator that quantifies a number or fraction of customers in an area predicted to experience a grid outage over a predictive horizon. The processing system (30) provides input signals, based on input data (28) received by the processing system (30), to the data-driven processing technique (32).
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
The present invention provides method, a device and a computer-readable medium for determining a fault location in a power transmission line. According to the invention, a phasor- based fault location and a traveling wave fault location are determined. The fault location is determined based on the determined phasor-based fault location and the determined traveling wave fault location. Preferably, when the determined traveling wave fault location is consistent with the determined phasor-based fault location, the determined traveling wave fault location is used as the fault location, while otherwise, the determined phasor-based fault location is used.
State-of-the-art machine-learning models for forecasting fail to address the non- stationarity and uncertainty in data, rely on assumptions about data distribution, and/or produce unusable probability distributions. Accordingly, a machine-learning architecture for end-to- end probabilistic forecasting is disclosed to address these and other problems. In particular, the machine-learning model may utilize a persistence module that outputs a seed forecast value of a target variable, a neural-network stack that predicts incremental forecast value(s) of the target variable (e.g., using back-casting), and an aggregator that aggregates the seed forecast value and the incremental forecast value(s) to produce an aggregate forecast value of the target variable. In an embodiment, this aggregate forecast value may be input to an incremental quantile module that comprises a second neural-network stack to predict the forecast value of the target variable for each of a plurality of quantiles, and which aggregates these forecast values into a probability distribution.
G06N 3/084 - Backpropagation, e.g. using gradient descent
G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
67.
POWER MODULE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A POWER MODULE
According to an embodiment, the power module (100) comprises a power semiconductor device (1) and a connection element (2) for electrically connecting the power semiconductor device. Furthermore, the arrangement comprises a sensing element (3) for measuring a measurand. A bond section (21) of the connection element is bonded to and electrically connected with the power semiconductor device. The sensing element is mounted on the connection element and spaced from the bond section.
A static contact unit (20) for a tap changer comprises a contact body (4), one or more contact elements and a spring element. The contact body (4) is configured to be arranged statically with respect to a movable contact of a moving shaft (1) of the tap changer. The at least one contact element (5) is pivotably coupled to the contact body (4) configured to establish an electrical contact to a movable contact (3) that is arranged at the moving shaft (1). The spring element (6) is coupled to the contact element (5) configured to bias the contact element (5) so that, with respect to a state in which the tap changer is assembled, the contact element (5) is preloaded in direction of the moving shaft (1) with respect to a longitudinal axis (L) of the moving shaft (1).
H01H 9/00 - Details of switching devices, not covered by groups
H01F 29/04 - Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group with tappings on coil or windingVariable transformers or inductances not covered by group with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
H01H 1/56 - Contact arrangements for providing make-before-break operation, e.g. for on-load tap-changing
69.
METHOD AND DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR ONLINE STATE OF HEALTH DIAGNOSIS FOR A BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM, AND METHOD OF PROVIDING A DATA-DRIVEN PROCESSING MODEL THEREFOR
To perform an online state of health (SOH) diagnosis for a battery energy storage system (BESS) (40), a data processing system (20) determines incremental capacity analysis (ICA) data for a voltage range selected from a set of predefined voltage ranges. The data processing system (20) is operative to perform a feature extraction (33) to extract features from the ICA data for the voltage range, and to apply a data-driven processing model (34) that receives an input based on the features.
An energy storage system (1) is specified, comprising - an energy storage string (2) with energy storage modules (3) connected in series through current breaking elements (6), and - a parallel line with switches (9) being connected in series, wherein - each energy storage module (3) is connected to on e of the current breaking elements (6), - each switch (9) is connected in parallel with a respective energy storage module (3) and a respective current breaking element (6), - the respective switch (9) is configured to provid e a current path through the respective energy storage module (3) and the respective current breaking element (6), an d - the respective switch (9) is configured to discon nect the respective energy storage module (3) from the energy storage string (2). Additionally, a method for electrically isolating at least one energy storage module in an energy storage system and a method for transferring energy from at least one en ergy storage module to at least one other energy storage module in an energy storage system is specified.
A bushing (100) for a liquid-insulated electrical apparatus (200) is disclosed. The bushing (100) comprises an electrical conductor (101) and an insulator body (110) through which the electrical conductor (101) extend s, wherein the insulator body (110) comprises a main part (112 ) and an outer cover (150), the outer cover (150) covering the main part (112) at least in a middle part area (180), wherein the main part (112) comprises two or more separate parts (121, 122) stacked along a longitudinal axis (102) of the conductor (101) and wherein the main part (112) and the outer cover (150) are fixed to each other, the main part is mad e of thermoplastic (115) and the outer cover (150) is ma de of elastomeric material (151) and wherein the insulator body (110) comprises a weather shed (116), the weather shed (116) being formed by a projecting part (181) of one of the separate parts (121, 122) which is covered by the c over (150).
A bushing (100) for a liquid-insulated electrical apparatus (200) is disclosed. The bushing (100) comprises an electrical conductor (101) and an insulator body (110) through which the electrical conductor (101) extends, wherein the insulator body (110) comprises a main part (112) and an outer cover (150), the outer cover (150) covering the main part (112) at least in part, the main part (122) is made of thermoplastic (115) and the external cover (150) is made of elastomeric material (151), wherein the elastomeric material (1 51) comprises a self-adhesive silicone rubber or consists of a self-adhesive silicone rubber, and wherein the main part (112) and the outer cover (150) are fixed to each other by a chemical bond.
A bushing (100) for a liquid-insulated electrical apparatus (200) is disclosed. The bushing (100) comprises an electrical conductor (101) and an insulator body (110) through which the electrical conductor (101) extends, wherein the insulator body (110) comprises a main part (112) and a plurality of projecting ribs (130), wherein the main part (112) comprises a hollow cylinder shape (113) and wherein the projecting ribs (130) each project radially inwards from the main p art (112) and wherein the projecting ribs (130) comprise a each a main extension (131) along a longitudinal axis (102) of the conductor (101) and a free end (135) facing the electrical conductor (101).
The invention relates to a circuit-breaker (1), comprising at least two contacts (3, 3.1, 4, 4.1) with at least one of the at least two contacts (3, 3.1, 4, 4.1) movable and with an arcing zone (5) between the at least two contacts (3, 3.1, 4, 4.1); at least one exhaust (8, 9) in fluid connection to the arcing zone (5) and including an outlet (12) for letting out insulating gas; and a gas mixing structure (20) installed in a gas flow path between the arcing zone (5) and the outlet (12); wherein the gas mixing structure (20) includes a static mixer (40) forming a plurality of gas passages (41, 42) at least sectionally and/or partially arranged oblique to each other and configured for mixing the insulating gas passing the plurality of gas passages (41, 42).
The invention relates to a circuit-breaker (1), comprising at least two contacts (3, 3.1, 4, 4.1) with at least one of the at least two contacts (3, 3.1, 4, 4.1) movable and with an arcing zone (5) between the at least two contacts (3, 3.1, 4, 4.1); at least one exhaust (8, 9) in fluid connection to the arcing zone (5) and including an outlet (12) for letting out insulating gas; and a gas mixing structure (20) installed in a gas flow path between the arcing zone (5) and the outlet (12); wherein the gas mixing structure (20) includes a static mixer (40) forming a plurality of gas passages (41, 42) at least sectionally and/or partially arranged oblique to each other and configured for mixing the insulating gas passing the plurality of gas passages (41, 42).
To make information on an energy flow composition available for an electric power system (40), devices (31-36) of a communication system (30) exchange data specifying the energy flow composition. The devices (31-36) are operative to exchange the data by means of a message exchange that generally follows the energy flow paths in a power grid (10) of the electric power system (40).
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
H02J 3/28 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy
77.
AN ADAPTIVE ARRANGEMENT OF NETWORK RESOURCES IN AN ELECTRICAL NETWORK
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method (300) and system (200) for adaptive arrangement of network resources in electrical network. The system (200) receives network criteria to identify network-related information. The network criteria are used to arrange network resources in electrical network. The system (200) generates first topology of electrical network according to the network criteria. The first topology has first arrangement of network resources in each node in the first topology. The system (200) identifies effect of network constraint parameters over the first arrangement of network resources in the first topology. The effect identifies performance of network resources in the first arrangement. The system (200) selects second arrangement of network resources in the first topology according to the effect of each constraint over network resources.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a system (200) and method (300) for registering unknown objects into a device management system. The method comprises receiving (302), through a processor (204), one or more object data related to an object. The object is unknown to the device management system. The method further comprises extracting (304) one or more object identifiers from the one or more object data to identify the one or more objects, transmitting (306) the one or more object identifiers to an external source to identify a refined information about the object. The refined information is used to classify the object. The method further comprises registering (308) the object with the device management system according to the classification of the object.
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
Traditional algorithms for solving constrained optimization problems are complicated to implement, difficult to interpret, and require significant computational resources. Disclosed embodiments convert constrained optimization problems into parametric optimization problems, in which at least a subset of the constraints are converted into parametric quadratic penalty (PQP) terms that each depends on a translational parameter. The parametric optimization problem may be used for optimization in a power system (e.g., for optimal power flow, economic dispatch, etc.). When solving the parametric optimization problem, the translational parameters are updated to ensure convergence. The parametric optimization problem can be solved with reduced computational expense, using only a linear equation solver to solve a sequence of primal variables only, thereby reducing computational complexity and expense. In addition, the disclosed embodiments provide a means to incorporate constraints into machine-learning algorithms. The disclosed algorithmic framework also provides interpretability and insights for analysis.
G06F 17/11 - Complex mathematical operations for solving equations
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
There is disclosed herein a method (100) for sub-synchronous damping control, SSDC, for a STATCOM (20) connected to an alternating current, AC, power grid (2). The method comprises measuring (110) a voltage representative of the voltage of the AC power grid and subjecting (120) the voltage to a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter. The method further comprises cross-coupling (130) an active power order of the voltage with a reactive power decoupler parameter of the voltage to receive a voltage phase angle parameter and cross-coupling a reactive power order of the voltage with an active power decoupler parameter of the voltage to receive a voltage magnitude parameter, and combining (140) the voltage phase angle parameter and the voltage magnitude parameter to provide a voltage reference to the STATCOM. There is also disclosed herein a converter for a STATCOM and a system comprising a STATCOM and said controller.
Submodule (10) for a converter system (100) comprising a first connecting terminal (11), a second connecting terminal (12), a switching circuit (20) with a first power semiconductor switch (21) and a second power semiconductor switch (22), which are connected in series and can be turned on and off. The first connecting terminal (11) is connected to the node between the first power semiconductor switch (21) and the second power semiconductor switch (22). The submodule (10) further comprises an energy storage circuit (30) connected in parallel with the switching circuit (20): The energy storage circuit (30) comprises a first capacitor (31) with a first capacitance (311), a split inductor (32), which is connected in series with the first capacitor (31) and adapted for limiting current amplitudes and a second capacitor (41) with a second capacitance (411) acting as part of a commutating system (40), wherein the second capacitor (41) is arranged in parallel to the switching circuit (20) and in parallel to the first capacitor (31) and the split inductor (32). The submodule (10) further comprising a first crowbar (50), which is connected in parallel with the first capacitor (31) and which is adapted to dissipate energy from the first capacitor (31), comprising a first bypass thyristor (51).
The present disclosure relates to a method for operating a hybrid electrolyzer plant, an electrolyzer plant, a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product. The method for operating an electrolyzer plant comprises acquiring an electricity price forecast in a pre-determined period, at least respective one ancillary service price forecast in the pre-determined period for at least one of the plurality of predefined ancillary services, and technical operational constraints of the electrolyzer; and determining a hydrogen production of the electrolyzer and an ancillary service offer in the pre-determined period, at least based on a hydrogen production cost in the pre-determined period, an ancillary service profit, and the technical operational constraints of the electrolyzer, wherein the ancillary service offer includes at least one ancillary service to be provided to the electrical grid.
G06Q 10/04 - Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
G06Q 50/00 - Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a control system (100) for controlling unit of a power system (1000). The control system (100) comprises at least two control channels (102) of a plurality of control channels with different control targets. Each control channel (102) of the at least two control channels (102) is configured to perform one or more control operations for controlling the unit of the power system (1000). Further, each of the said at least two control channels (102) is configured to perform at least one control operation as a response to a respective input signal received from the power system (1000). Each of the at least two control channels (102) is connected to a merged control output to the unit of the power system (1000) through a shared integrator (104).
A transformer arrangement is disclosed. The transformer arrangement comprises a transformer tank, electrical power transformer components arranged inside the transformer tank, and at least one sealing element arranged to prevent leakage of a liquid into or out of a component (5) provided inside the transformer tank (2), or to prevent leakage of the liquid out of the transformer tank. The sealing element (3, 4) arranged to prevent leakage comprises Boron Nitride.
The present invention relates to winding (10) of a dry-type transformer (80) configured to be arranged to surround a core (82) of the transformer (80). The winding (10) includes a first winding portion (16A), a second winding portion (16B), and at least one third winding portion (16C) which each include an electrically conductive material. The winding includes a first gap (20A) which is arranged between the first winding portion (16A) and the second winding portion (16B) and which is filled with electrically insulating material (22), at least a second gap (20B) which is arranged between the second winding portion (16B) and the third winding portion (16C) and which is filled with electrically insulating material (22), and a plurality of cooling channels (24) configured to guide a cooling medium therethrough to transfer heat from the transformer (80) to the cooling medium. The plurality of cooling channels (24) include a first cooling channel (24A) arranged within the first gap (20A) and a second cooling channel (24B) arranged within the second gap (20B). The first cooling channel (24A) and the second cooling channel (24B) each include a medium inlet (28) for introducing the cooling medium into the respective cooling channel (24) and a cooling medium outlet (30) for allowing the cooling medium to exit from the respective cooling channel (24). The cooling medium inlets (28) and the cooling medium outlets (30) are arranged in a side wall (34) of the transformer (80) and/or a side wall (34) of the winding (10). The present invention further relates to a transformer (80), a method of manufacturing a winding (10) of a transformer (80), and a method of operating a transformer (80).
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
(1) Installations électroniques, à savoir des traversées haute tension destinées à être utilisées avec des transformateurs.
(2) Isolateurs électriques en céramique; isolateurs électriques en caoutchouc; diélectriques (isolateurs); papier isolant; matériaux isolants; manchons d'épissure isolants pour câbles électriques; manchons isolants pour lignes électriques; isolateurs et agents isolants pour l'électricité, la chaleur et le son; matériaux isolants électriques; isolateurs électriques et agents isolants.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Electronic installations, namely high-voltage feed-throughs for use with transformers. Electrical insulators made of ceramics; electrical rubber insulators; dielectrics (insulators); insulating paper; insulating materials; Insulating splice covers for electrical cables; insulating sleeves for power lines; insulators; electrical insulating materials; electrical insulators.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
Goods & Services
Current transformers; distribution transformers; electric transformers; electric voltage transformers; high voltage transformers; power transformers; parts of current transformers, distribution transformers, electric transformers, electric voltage transformers, high voltage transformers, and power transformers. Installation, construction, maintenance, updating, upgrading, troubleshooting, repair and servicing of installations and apparatus for power transmission, power distribution, and power and energy generation, namely transformers and reactors.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Electronic installations, namely, high-voltage feedthroughs for use with transformers. Ceramic electrical insulators; electrical insulators made of rubber; dielectrics (insulators); insulating paper; insulating materials; insulating splice sleeves for electrical cables; insulating sleeves for power lines; insulators and insulating agents for electricity, heat and sound; electrical insulating materials; electrical insulators and insulating agents.
90.
IOT EDGE DEVICES UTILIZING MULTI-TRANSPORT MEDIUMS (BLUETOOTH MESH, WIFI MESH, CELLULAR) TO CONTROL DELAY AND JITTER
An apparatus comprising at least one integrated circuit configured to cause the apparatus to: determine delay information and/or jitter information for a first plurality of data units in a first data transmission, the first plurality of data units in the first transmission being received by a receiving device via different connections from a transmitting device; in dependence on the determined delay information and/or jitter information for the first plurality of data units, determine for a second transmission of a second plurality of data units, which one or more of the second plurality of data units is to provide redundant data, the second transmission to be received by the receiving device via the different connections between the transmitting device and the receiving device; and cause information about which one or more of the second plurality of data units is to provide redundant data, to be provided to the transmitter.
To process monitoring data during operation of an electric power system, a processing system controls a human machine interface to output an alarm panel, enable an operator input to select a list element from the alarm list, and, responsive to the operator input, cause at least one control action to be performed. The alarm panel comprises several icon sequences for several alarms.
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
G08B 25/00 - Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
92.
PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM, AND MACHINE-READABLE INSTRUCTION CODE
To process monitoring data during operation of an electric power system, a processing system controls a human machine interface to output an alarm list, enable an operator input to select a list element from the alarm list, and, responsive to the operator input, enlarge the list element and concurrently shift one or several other list elements of the alarm list to preserve an order of the alarm list.
G08B 29/02 - Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
G06F 3/0484 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
The invention relates to a method to monitor a surge arrestor (204) with a metal oxide varistor element and coupled to an electrical grid (300), the method performed at least partially on a traction vehicle (200) comprising a catenary network contact (202) coupled to the electrical grid (300) and the surge arrestor (204) coupled to the catenary network contact (202), the method comprising the steps of measuring (110) on the metal oxide varistor element a physical parameter (X) by means of a measurement device (12), the physical parameter (X) including at least one of temperature, current and voltage, and in the case the surge arrestor (204) blocks a surge from the electrical grid (300) and/or the physical parameter (X) exceeds a threshold value, recording (120) the physical parameter (X), a position (L) of the surge arrestor (204) and a timestamp and providing a tripping dataset (D) based on the recording (120) by means of a recording device (14).
The invention relates to a unit cell (10) of a multi-trench semiconductor device, wherein the unit cell (10) is configured as vertical field effect transistor cell having a carrier transport axis (14) defined between drain and source, wherein in a direction of a gate contact stripe axis (24) being perpendicular to the carrier transport axis (14), the unit cell (10) comprises on two opposite edges each a gate-recess (26) extending vertically through the n+source region (20) and the p-well region (18), wherein along a fin elongation axis (30) the unit cell (10) comprises on two opposite edges each at least one source-recess (32) extending vertically through the n+source region (20), wherein the vertical depth of the source-recess (32) is different to the vertical depth of the gate-recess (26), and wherein a bottom of the sourcerecess (32) is formed by the p-source region (22) of the source structure. Furthermore, the invention relates to a multi-trench semiconductor device, comprising multiple of the above unit cells (10). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing the above multi-trench semiconductor device.
H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
H01L 29/08 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
H01L 29/10 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode not carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
H01L 29/417 - Electrodes characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
H01L 29/78 - Field-effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
H01L 21/336 - Field-effect transistors with an insulated gate
There is disclosed herein a method for monitoring a power line, a device for performing the method, and a power transmission system comprising such a device The method comprises obtaining a signal from the power line, comprising real-time information corresponding to the current and/or voltage on the power line at a monitoring location, decomposing the signal into one or more frequency bands, and monitoring each frequency band for an indication of a fault on the power line. According to such a method, fast transients arising from faults on the power can be rapidly identified, as part of a fault response trigger and the fault location can be determined without compromising accuracy of fault location, while allowing for a low usage of computational memory and/or processing.
The present invention provides a method and device for determining an internal fault in a three phase transmission line. The method comprises the steps of obtaining phase voltage signals for a reach point on the three-phase transmission line, determining reach point sequence voltages from the phase voltage signals, determining modified reach point sequence voltages by delaying one of the phase voltage signals at the reach point, obtaining an operation quantity and a restrain quantity using the modified reach point voltages, and determining an internal symmetrical fault in the three-phase transmission line based on a comparison of the operation quantity and the restrain quantity.
H02H 3/40 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to ratio of voltage and current
98.
DISTANCE PROTECTION FOR SYMMETRICAL THREE PHASE FAULT DETECTIONS
The present invention provides a method and device for determining a symmetrical fault in a three-phase transmission line. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a real time current signal and a real time voltage signal at relay location of one end of the transmission line for each of measured phase loops, determining a reach point voltage signal and a relay point voltage signal based on the real time current signal and the real time voltage signal for each of measured phase loops, determining an operation signal and a restrain signal for each of measured phase loops, determining whether the operation signal exceeds the restrain signal for a measured phase loop, determining whether the relay point phase voltage of the measured phase loop exceeds the reach point phase voltage, and detecting a fault if it is determined that the operation signal exceeds the restrain signal and the relay point phase voltage exceeds the reach point phase voltage.
H02H 3/40 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to ratio of voltage and current
99.
CURRENT LIMITING FUSE ASSEMBLY, TRANSFORMER ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A CURRENT LIMITING FUSE ASSEMBLY, AND SHIELDING ARRANGEMENT CONFIGURED TO ELECTRICALLY AND MECHANICALLY SHIELD A CURRENT LIMITING FUSE
A current limiting fuse assembly includes a current limiting fuse having a longitudinal axis, and a shielding arrangement configured to electrically and mechanically shield the current limiting fuse. The shielding arrangement includes a first part and a second part. The first part includes a cylindrical portion extending along a first axis between a first end and a second end, and a flange portion provided at the second end. The second part includes a cylindrical portion extending along a second axis between a first end and a second end, and a flange portion provided at the second end. The second part is positioned and oriented relative to the first part such that the second end of the second part faces the second end of the first part. The second end of the second part is arranged at a distance from the second end of the first part.
H01F 27/40 - Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
H01H 85/02 - Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive Details
100.
UNIT CELL OF A MULTI-TRENCH SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
The invention relates to a unit cell (10) of a multi-trench semiconductor device, wherein the unit cell (10) is configured as vertical field effect transistor cell having a carrier transport axis (14) defined between drain and source, wherein in a direction of a gate contact stripe axis (24) being perpendicular to the carrier transport axis (14), the unit cell (10) comprises on two opposite edges each a gate-recess (26) extending vertically through an n+source region (20) and a p-well region (18) into a body layer (16), such that when multiple unit cells (10) are arranged in a row along the gate contact stripe axis (24) next two each other for forming the multi-trench semiconductor device a gate trench is formed by two gaterecesses (26) of two neighbouring unit cells (10), and wherein the unit cell (10) comprises in addition a protective p+layer (32), the protective p+layer (32) being continuous in the direction of the gate contact stripe axis (24) and being arranged in the body layer (16) below the gate-recess (26). Furthermore, the invention relates to a multi-trench semiconductor device, comprising multiple of the above unit cells (10). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing the above multi-trench semiconductor device.
