A shell bearing of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The shell bearing includes two semicircular segments defining a profile of the shell bearing. A constant oil groove is provided extending longitudinally and in a centralized manner along an internal surface of at least one of the two segments. The oil groove has a volume in a proportion of up to 10% of a volume of the shell bearing.
A piston ring may include a spacer or expansion element and/or two segments. The segments may have a radial dimension between approximately 1.50 mm and approximately 1.90 mm and a height between approximately 0.30 mm and approximately 0.40 mm. The segments may have a concave profile with recesses between approximately 0.015 mm and approximately 0.030 mm and a clearance of approximately 0.150 mm. The segments may be wound via a matrix box device and a roller. The piston ring may have a circularity, expressed in the form of a decomposition as a Fourier series, with an amplitude for orders higher than 10 which is not greater than 0.10 μm.
The present invention relates to an oil control ring which is designed for internal combustion engines and which, thanks to its structural configuration, allows a better distribution of the contact pressure and scraping of the oil and a better conformance of the ring with the cylinder wall, wherein the oil control ring (1) is formed by a body (2), comprising two external contact surfaces (10), each of them having a first (11) and a second (12) terminal edge, two inclined faces (20), each of them having a third terminal edge (13), a peripheral transverse section (4) facing toward the cylinder wall (5) and an internal section (6) facing toward the piston side (7), wherein each contact surface (10) is planar and parallel to the cylinder wall (5) and they are oriented such that the respective inclined faces (20) are facing opposite each other and are symmetrical.
A method of manufacturing a strip for a bearing may comprise roll-bonding a bearing layer comprising a tin-free aluminium alloy directly to a base layer to form a bimetal and heat-treating the bimetal at a temperature below a recrystallization initiation temperature of the aluminium alloy. A strip for a bearing manufactured using the method, and a bearing having a strip manufactured using the method, are also provided.
B21B 1/38 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets
C21D 9/40 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for ringsHeat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for bearing races
C22F 1/04 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
F16C 33/12 - Structural compositionUse of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
F16C 33/14 - Special methods of manufactureRunning-in
The present invention relates to a shell bearing for internal combustion engines being provided with two semicircular segments (1) defining a profile of shell bearing, the shell bearing comprising an oil groove (2) extending longitudinally and in a centralized manner along the internal surface of at least one segment (1) of the shell bearing, wherein the oil groove (2) comprises a volume being in the proportion of up to 10% of the volume of the shell bearing.
The present invention relates to a cylinder liner for internal- combustion engines. In particular, the invention relates to a cast cylinder liner (1) including an outer surface (2, 5) with projections (3) and cavities (4) of different shapes and structures to facilitate adherence of the liner to the engine block, in which the outer surface (2, 5) has a height of between 0.1 mm and 0.6 mm with 4 to 15 cavities (4) per 0.5 mm².
The present invention relates to a relief valve (1) for a turbocharger, in which the crank arm (3) is made of a first material and the shaft (4) is made of a second material different from the first material used for manufacturing the crank arm (3), each of the materials containing a composition that provides the necessary properties according to the application of each component of the relief valve (1). The present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing the relief valve (1), which allows the crank arm (3) and the shaft (4) to be manufactured separately, using different materials for the manufacture of each component.
C22C 19/05 - Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
B21J 5/00 - Methods for forging, hammering, or pressingSpecial equipment or accessories therefor
B23K 11/00 - Resistance weldingSevering by resistance heating
C23C 14/00 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
C21D 1/00 - General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
C21D 1/18 - HardeningQuenching with or without subsequent tempering
F16K 1/00 - Lift valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
A fuel pre-filtering element may comprise a casing provided with a fuel outlet, an internal tube, an upper annular element, a lower annular element, a filtering element and a cover. The filtering element may be arranged around the internal tube The upper and lower annular elements may be respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the filtering element The filtering element may be arranged inside the casing such that the internal tube establishes a contact with the fuel outlet, the upper annular element is arranged around the fuel outlet and in contact with an upper surface of the casing, and the upper annular element is deformed and forms an annular projection. The annular projection may establish a seal between the internal tube, the fuel outlet and the casing. The arrangement of the filtering element may be inside the casing and further form a region of unfiltered fuel.
B01D 27/14 - Cartridge filters of the throw-away type having more than one filtering element
B01D 36/00 - Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
B01D 35/31 - Filter housing constructions including arrangements for environmental protection, e.g. pressure resisting features
B01D 27/06 - Cartridge filters of the throw-away type with cartridges made of a piece of unitary material, e.g. filter paper with corrugated, folded or wound material
A thrust washer for an internal combustion engine may include a body. The body may have a slip surface and a planar contact surface associated with an engine block. The slip surface may have a surface profile the may include at least one ramp section, at least one flat horizontal section, and at least one oil channel. The at least one ramp section and the at least one flat horizontal section may be connected via an asymptotic curve. The at least one ramp section may extend asymptotically toward the at least one flat horizontal section. The at least one ramp section may have an angular length of 45° or less, the at least one flat horizontal section may have an angular length of 45° or less, and the at least one oil channel may have an angular length of 20° or less.
A sliding element may include a base material having an annular external surface upon which a bonding layer and a sliding layer are sequentially deposited. The sliding layer may be composed of hard amorphous carbon of a combined matrix with sp3/sp2 bonds. The sliding layer may include a plurality of nanoparticles of graphite incorporated within the combined matrix of sp3/sp2.
F16J 9/28 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials of non-metals
C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C23C 14/32 - Vacuum evaporation by explosionVacuum evaporation by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C23C 14/16 - Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
A valve for an internal-combustion engine may include a body. The body may include a titanium alloy. At least one region of the body may include a nitrided layer. The nitrided layer may include at least one of titanium nitrides and aluminium-titanium nitrides.
The present invention relates to a piston ring (1) for internal combustion engines provided with a ferrous alloy base (2) that comprises an annular outer surface (3) on which a coating comprising at least one outer layer (6) is applied deposited on an adhesive layer (5), the outer layer (6) being provided with a variable thickness, in such a way that the thickness of the outer layer (6) gradually increases from 90° and 270° towards 0° and 360° respectively, with the thickness attaining its maximum value in the region of 0° and 350° and slightly decreasing towards 0° and 360° so as to ensure an optimal working condition, minimizing the contact pressure and consequently the accelerated wear in the vicinities of the ends (41, 42) of the ring (1), in addition to preventing and/or impeding the detachment of the outer layer (6) of the coating.
The present invention relates to a fuel distribution and heating unit (10) and to the method for manufacturing that unit. The manufacturing method optimizes the time for manufacturing these units and such units may be used, for example, for cold starting, reduction of pollutant gas emissions, amongst other applications in internal combustion engines and motor vehicles. The manufacturing method comprises at least the steps of obtaining a first portion of the fuel distribution and heating unit and overinjecting a second portion of the fuel distribution and heating unit such that it is rigidly attached to the first portion of the fuel distribution and heating unit, the attachment between the first and the second portion of the fuel distribution and heating unit defining an internal region of the unit, comprising a supply gallery (24) connected to a fuel heating region (42) by means of a passage (22), and heated fuel passage channels (81) and an external region of the unit, comprising at least one fuel inlet opening (21), at least one heater housing (25) and at least one heated fuel outlet (31).
The present invention relates to a fuel heating system (10) for application in fuel injector galleries. Such system comprises a primary fuel gallery (20) comprising a first fuel inlet region (21), at least an upper heating region (25), a heating element (40) comprising a heating surface (41) and associated with the said upper heating region (25), a region of passage of fuel (42) associated with the heating surface (41), and a secondary fuel gallery (30) comprising at least a second fuel inlet region (32) and a second fuel outlet region (31), they being fluidically connected to the secondary fuel gallery (30), wherein the region of passage of fuel (42) fluidically connects the primary fuel gallery (20) to the second fuel inlet region (32) of the secondary fuel gallery (30).
F02M 53/02 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
F02M 55/02 - Conduits between injection pumps and injectors
15.
ONE PIECE OIL CONTROL RING FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
The present invention relates to a one piece oil control ring (10) for an internal combustion engine capable of readily conforming to a cylinder liner (20) by virtue of the excellent flexibility of the ring (10), comprising a first surface (4) substantially parallel to the internal surface of the cylinder liner, wherefrom there extends a second substantially inclined surface (5), and comprising a tempered martensitic matrix capable of receiving a nitrided layer (12), having high hardness, ensuring excellent resistance to wear and, consequently, high durability of the ring.
The present invention relates to an air filter (1) for a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a filter housing (2) which has a housing pot (3) and a housing lid (4), and a filter element (10) which has an annular filter body (11), a first end plate (13) and a second end plate (14), a dust collector chamber (19) being configured in the filter housing (2), which dust collector chamber (19) is delimited axially on one side directly by the housing cover (4). Simplified production can be achieved if the dust collector chamber (19) is delimited axially on the other side directly by the first end plate (13).
The present invention relates to an air filter(1) for a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a filter housing (2) which has a housing pot (3) and a housing cover(4), and a filter element (7) which is arranged in the filter housing (2), wherein the housing cover(4) is fastened to the housing pot (3) with a bayonet lock (9). The closing of the housing cover(4) can be improved if the bayonet lock (9) has, radially on the outside of the housing pot (3), a plurality of locking elements (13) arranged distributed in the circumferential direction (10), if the bayonet lock (9) has, on the housing cover (4), a guide slot (14) for each locking element (13), said guide slot having an inlet (15) through which the respective locking element (13) can be introduced axially into the guide slot (14), a ramp (16) along which the respective locking element (13) is helically adjustable, and an end stop (17) into which the respective locking element (13) can be introduced in the circumferential direction (10) and in which the respective locking element (13) is secured axially.
The present invention relates to an air filter (1) for a fresh-air system of an internal combustion engine,comprising a filter housing (2) and a filter element (10) arranged in the filter housing (2), wherein the filter housing (2) has a discharge connector (16) for the discharge of contaminants from the interior (9) of the filter housing (2). Simplified assembly is realized if a functional attachment (17) is fastened by way of a bayonet fastener (18) to the discharge connector (16).
The invention relates to a filter device (1), in particular an air filter, for an air supply system of an internal combustion engine. The filter device (1) comprises a filter housing (2) defining a housing inner space (3), and a filter element (5) that can be inserted into the housing inner space (3) and detachably fixed to the filter housing (2). When inserted into the housing inner space (3), the filter element (5) divides said space into an unfiltered side and a clean side. The filter device (1) also comprises an inner frame (6) that can be inserted into the housing inner space (3), for carrying the filter element (5). A locking device (15) is embodied on the filter housing (2) in such a way that it allows the filter element (5) to be fixed to the filter housing (2) when the inner frame (6) is inserted into the housing inner space (3). When the inner frame (6) is not inserted into the housing inner space (3), the locking device (15) blocks the fixing of the filter element (5) to the filter housing (2).
The present invention relates to an air filter for a fresh-air system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a filter housing (2) which has a housing pot (3), a housing lid (4), a dirty-air inlet (5) and a clean-air outlet (6), a filter element (14) which is arranged in the filter housing (2) and which has an annular filter body (16), a first end plate (17) at a first axial end (19) of the filter body (16) and a second end plate (18) at a second axial end (20) of the filter body (16), and an inner shroud (15) which is arranged in the filter housing (2), which is a separate component from the filter element (14) and from the filter housing (2), and which has an annular grating body (22) which is arranged coaxially inside the filter body (16). Improved functionality results when the inner shroud (15) is arranged on the filter housing (2) so as to be rotatable about the longitudinal center axis (10) of the filter housing (2), and when a first torque coupling (27) for torque transmission between the filter element (14) and the inner shroud (15) is formed between the first end plate (17) and an end wall (24) of the inner shroud (15), said end wall (24) being formed at a first axial end (23) of the inner shroud (15).
The present invention relates to an air filter (1) for a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a filter housing (2) which has a housing pot (3) with a pot bottom (10), a housing lid (4), a raw air inlet (5) and a pure air outlet (6), a filter element (14) which has an annular filter body (15) made from filter material, a first end plate (16) which faces the housing lid (4) on a first axial end side (18) of the filter body (15), and a second end plate (17) which faces the pot bottom (10) on a second axial end side (19) of the filter body (15), and an inner frame (20) which has an annular grid body (21 ) which is arranged coaxially in the filter body (15). An inexpensive embodiment of the filter element (15) results if the second end plate (17) has an annular first seal (28) which bears sealingly against the housing pot (3), and if the second end plate (17) has an annular second seal (29) which bears sealingly against the inner frame (20).
The present invention relates to an air filter (1) for a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a filter housing (2), a filter element (15) which has an annular filter body (17), a first end plate (18) and a second end plate (19), and an inner frame (16) which has an annular grid body (24) which is arranged within the filter body (15) coaxially with respect to the filter body (15). An inexpensive construction for the filter element results if the inner frame (16) is a separate component with regard to the filter element (15) and the filter housing (2),if the inner frame (16) is arranged in the filter housing (2) such that it can be rotated about the longitudinal center axis (11) of the filter housing (2), and if a first torque coupling (29) for transmitting torques between the filter element (15) and the inner frame (16) is configured between the inner frame (16) and the filter element (15).
The invention relates to a filter device (1), in particular an air filter, for a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine. The filter device (1) comprises a filter housing (2) which delimits a housing interior space (3). Furthermore, the filter device (1) comprises a filter element which is arranged in the housing interior space (3) and divides the housing interior space (3) into a raw side and a pure side. Moreover, the filter device (1) comprises a flow guiding device (8) which has flow guiding elements (9), is arranged in the housing interior space (3), and is fastened or can be fastened releasably to an inner side (10) of the filter housing (2).
A thrust washer (1) for internal combustion engines, provided with a body comprising a contact surface (2) associated with the engine block, and a slip surface (3), the slip surface (3) having a surface profile incorporating at least one ramp section (4), at least one flat horizontal section (5) and at least one oil channel (6), the ramp section (4) and the flat horizontal section (5) being connected by means of an asymptotic curve, the ramp section (4) tending asymptotically toward the flat horizontal section (5), conferring on washer (1) an increase in the maximum axial load supported, and greater oil film thicknesses, guaranteeing excellent resistance to binding and as a consequence high performance.
A thrust washer for an internal combustion engine may include a metal base having a contact surface and a slip surface. The contact surface may be in operative communication with an engine block. The slip surface may define at least one ramp section, at least one flat horizontal section, and at least one oil channel. The ramp section and the flat horizontal section may be connected via an asymptotic curved surface. The ramp section may be positioned asymptotically towards the flat horizontal section.
The present invention relates to a fuel heating assembly applicable, for example, for cold starts, improvement of drivability, reduction in emissions of pollutant gases, inter alia other applications in automotive vehicles, comprising a fuel heating assembly (2) provided with at least one heating region (6), at least one heat exchanger (5) associated with the heating region (6), at least one thermal insulation element (3) encompassing the heat exchanger (5), at least one region of passage of fuel disposed between the surface of the heat exchanger (5) and the surface of the thermal insulation element (3), one fuel inlet region (7) and one fuel outlet region (8) fluidically communicant, and at least one region of engagement (13) capable of conferring association between the fuel heating assembly (2) and a body of gallery (1), wherein the fluidic communication between the inlet (7) and the outlet (8) fuel is determined exclusively by means of the region of passage of fuel, and the thermal insulation element (3) is provided with at least one guide recess (71) for fluidic communication between a fuel supply aperture and a first extremity (52) of the heat exchanger (5), and the thermal insulation element (3) is provided with at least one fuel outlet aperture (81) disposed proximate to a second extremity of the heat exchanger (54).
F02M 51/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
F02M 53/02 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
F02M 53/06 - Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
The present invention pertains to the field of automotive engineering, and relates to a diesel fuel pre-filtering system, more specifically of pre-filtering, for diesel oil, to be used in internal combustion engines operating on a diesel cycle. The diesel fuel pre-filtering system (1) is equipped with: (a) a structure (2) for housing at least two filtering areas; a fuel inlet area (4); a fuel outlet area (5); and (b) an inspection window (3) equipped with a drain (8) for water,with: (i) a first filtering area defining a constraint connecting between the fuel inlet area and a subsequent filtering area; (ii) a second filtering area defining a constraint connecting between a preceding filtering area and the fuel outlet area; and (iii) the structure (2) and the inspection window (3), composed of thermoplastic materials, distinct from each other, and connected to each other by means of a permanent bond.
The present invention relates to a sliding element for internal combustion engines provided with a coating comprising two layers (14, 15) of hard amorphous carbon (DLC) having a differing percentage of sp 3 bonds and thicknesses and a roughness profile having an Rmr (0.3- 0.5) equal to or exceeding 50% and/or having an Rmr (0.4-0.5) equal to or exceeding 70%, having an Rpk of less than 0.07 micrometers, capable of bringing about a good running in condition and better contact between two sliding surfaces, in addition to reducing the friction and wear, and ensuring high hardness.
C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
The present invention relates to a sliding element for internal combustion engines having a coating of hard amorphous carbon comprising nanoparticles of a solid lubricant capable of bringing about a reduction in the friction and, consequently, reducing the wear upon the sliding face of the ring, together with diminishing the internal stresses generated in the application of the coating of hard amorphous carbon, in addition to ensuring high hardness.
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C23C 14/22 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
A piston ring may include a stainless steel base having between 8% and 15% by weight of chromium, together with other elements and impurities, and having a hardness between 350 HV and 420 HV. The piston ring may also include a superficial nitrided layer having a depth of no more than 60 μm and an average hardness measured upon the surface exceeding 800 HV. The nitrided layer may include a plurality of nitride particles, which may have a maximum size of 5 μm and may be distributed over between 4% and 8% of an area of the nitrided layer.
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
The present invention relates to a shell bearing (1) for internal combustion engines particularly applicable in a connecting rod having an inclined cap (2), wherein the shell bearing (1) is provided with two semicircular segments which, when fitted in the connecting rod (2), define an eccentricity profile (3) of the shell bearing (1), wherein the major dimension of this eccentricity profile (3) defines regions of play (4, 4') aligned with a position of zero degrees (0° ± 5°), having the objective of minimizing peaks of oil film pressure, consequently minimizing the loss of power of the engine through the reduction of the friction between a crankshaft and an internal surface of the shell bearing (1).
A piston ring for an internal-combustion engine may include a body having a substantially annular external surface and a physical vapor deposition coating layer disposed on the external surface. The body may include a gap defined between a first end and a second end. The piston ring may also include a first half in a region of the gap and a second half opposite the first half. The coating layer of the first half may have a thickness gradient, and the coating layer may define a greater thickness in a vicinity of the first end and the second end and a reduced thickness in regions further away from the vicinity of the first end and the second end. The coating layer of the second half may have a uniform thickness.
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
F16J 15/12 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
C23C 14/22 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
33.
PLAIN BEARING WITH A POLYMERIC COATING FOR REDUCING FRICTION IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME
The present invention relates to a plain bearing with a polymeric coating for reducing friction in internal combustion engines. In addition, the present invention relates to the method for producing the plain bearing with a polymeric coating for reducing friction in internal combustion engines, in particular by introducing an adhesion layer between the metallic surface of the plain bearing and the polymeric coating, this layer being produced by previously immersing the plain bearing in a hydro-alcoholic solution of organo-silanes, followed by thermal curing, resulting in the formation of a polysiloxane film containing chemical groups which can have various interactions with the subsequent polymeric coating.
C09D 179/08 - PolyimidesPolyester-imidesPolyamide-imidesPolyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
C09D 183/14 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon onlyCoating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
C09D 127/18 - Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
The present invention refers to a piston ring (1) and a method for depositing a multi-layer coating (5) with a nanolayer structure able to guarantee a variable thickness of the coating (5) of the peripheral surface (2) of the piston ring (1), such that a region of the immediate vicinity of the butt ends (31, 32) of an opening (3) of the ring (1) includes a layer of coating (5) that is thicker than the layer of coating of the region opposite the immediate vicinity of the butt ends (31, 32) of the ring (1), thereby providing a piston ring (1) with high durability due to the excellent strength and increased thickness in the region of the ring subject to greatest wear.
The present invention relates to a cylinder sleeve (1) for use on an internal combustion engine, provided with a bored-through cylindrical body comprising an inner contact surface (4) with at least one piston ring, the inner surface (4) having a surface finish with rugosity defined by a structure of rounded valleys and peaks, disclosing a reduced number of peaks per area unit of the inner surface (4), guaranteeing positive effects on the increase of hydrodynamic lift and on the reduction of the friction pressures on the inner surface (4) of the cylinder sleeve (1) with respect to its sliding parts, with consequent reduction in the consumption of fuel of the engine.
B24B 1/00 - Processes of grinding or polishingUse of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
B24B 31/112 - Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work or the abrasive material is looseAccessories therefor involving other means for tumbling of work using magnetically consolidated grinding powder, moved relatively to the workpiece under the influence of pressure
36.
AIR FILTER SYSTEM, FILTERING ELEMENT OF AN AIR FILTER OF AN ENGINE AND SUPPORTING INTERNAL STRUCTURE FOR A FILTERING ELEMENT OF AN AIR FILTER OF AN ENGINE
The present invention pertains to the automotive sector and to mechanical engineering, and relates to a filtering element, a supporting structure for a filtering element and to an air filter system for an internal combustion engine, which improve the mounting and replacement of air filters and furthermore reduce the wastage of raw material involved in low-wear parts through the use of air filters. The air filter system comprises: an external structure (20); an internal structure (40) associated in a cooperating manner with the external structure (20) and provided with openings (46) capable of allowing the passage of a fluid to be filtered; and a principal filtering element (50) arranged between the external structure (20) and the internal structure (40), being an assembly formed by the internal structure (40), the external structure (20) and the principal filtering element (50) associated by means of engagement of mounting guides (45, 55, 65) for conferring synchronism on the relative angular movement between said assembly and the external structure (20).
The present invention relates to a hydrogen generating electrolytic cell (10) in a medium of alcoholic fermentation (100) comprising at least a first electrode (20) provided with a first charge and at least a second electrode (30) provided with a second charge opposite to the first charge, the electrodes (20, 30) each possessing at least a surface of contact (21, 31) with the medium of fermentation (100), the surfaces of electrolysis (21, 31) being disposed at a distance one from another and defining a volume of conduction of current (40), the cell (10) permitting hydrogen generation for greater efficiency in the process of fermentation.
A cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine may include a hollow cylindrical body. The body may include an internal surface having a longitudinal/axial length. The internal surface may be divided into at least two portions along the longitudinal/axial length. The at least two portions may respectively include a specific value of roughness and a predefined length.
The invention relates to a fuel heating device that can be used for cold starting motor vehicles, for example. The fuel heating device (5) comprises a fuel inlet (6) and at least one fuel outlet (7). The fuel heating device (5) further comprises at least one inner chamber (9), which is installed between the fuel inlet (6) and the fuel outlet (7) thereof. In said inner chamber (9), at least one heat exchanger (10) is installed, wherein the heat exchanger (10) has at least one first and one second heating element (11A, 11 B), which are inserted in an opening in the interior of the heat exchanger. In the opening of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger (10) also comprises a first electrical conductor (12A) that is in electrical contact with the first heating element (11A), and a second electrical conductor (13) that is in electrical contact with the outer surface of the heat exchanger (10). Furthermore, the heat exchanger (10) has a circular cross-section.
F02M 51/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
F02M 53/02 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
F02M 53/06 - Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
A bushing may include a support surface and a sliding surface having a perimeter midpoint. The sliding surface of the bushing may have a convex profile in relation to a cross section of the bushing. The convex profile may be offset from the perimeter midpoint of the sliding surface of the bushing.
The present invention relates to a fuel heating device which can be applied to, for instance, automotive vehicle cold starts. The fuel heating device (5) is characterised by the fact of having: one fuel inlet (6) and at least one fuel outlet (7); further wherein the heating device (5) has at least one internal space (9) disposed between its fuel inlet (6) and its fuel outlet (7). The said internal space (9) is configured to house at least one heat exchanger (10), having the heat exchanger (10) at least a first and a second heating elements (11A, 11B) placed in an orifice in its interior. The heat exchanger (10) contains at least: a first electricity conductor (12A) in its orifice, the said first conductor (12A) being in electric contact with the first heating element (11A); a second electricity conductor (12B) in its orifice, the said second conductor (12B) being in electric contact with the second heating element (11B); and a third electricity conductor (13) in electric contact with the external surface of the heat exchanger (10).
F02M 53/02 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
F02M 69/46 - Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups
F02M 51/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
A sliding element for internal combustion engines may include a ferrous base provided with a film applied upon a sliding surface. The film may have, sequentially, a metal connecting layer, a transitional layer, and a contact layer. The transitional layer may include a carbide containing a metal element. The contact layer may contain DLC (diamond-like carbon) doped with the metal element of the transitional layer, the DLC containing a maximum of 2% hydrogen by weight. An atomic ratio between metal and carbon in the contact layer in terms of a ratio Me/C is equal to or less than 0.1.
C23C 14/16 - Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
C23C 14/32 - Vacuum evaporation by explosionVacuum evaporation by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours
C23C 16/50 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
44.
PISTON RINGS IN CAST TOOL STEELS AND PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO S/A (Brazil)
MAHLE METAL LEVE S/A (Brazil)
MAHLE INTERNATIONAL GMBH (Germany)
Inventor
Boccalini, Mario, Jr.
Albertin, Eduardo
Leite De Lima, Moysés
Marques Araujo, Gisela
Abstract
'Piston rings in cast tool steels and process for the manufacture thereof', belonging to the field of piston rings of tool steel for internal combustion engines, relates to cast piston rings of tool steels the microstructure whereof is constituted by a tempered martensite matrix with precipitation of secondary M2C and/or MC carbides (M = V and/or Mo and/or Cr and/or W) having a typical size of between 0.5 μm and 2 μm, presenting high toughness, and by NbC eutectic carbides having cubic morphology, volumetric fraction between 1 % and 4%, typical size between 3 μm and 7 μm and homogeneous distribution, and the hardness of the material following tempering lies between 400 HV and 800 HV, having limits of chemical composition according to the table (I). The piston rings may be obtained commencing from semifinished products cast by different casting processes, preferentially casting in molds of green sand or sand-resin, casting in ceramic molds, and centrifugal casting, submitted to subsequent machining operations, and the raw materials utilized in the process of casting the semifinished product may be scrap of low alloy steels, recycled production, and ferroalloys.
C23C 4/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
C21D 9/40 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for ringsHeat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for bearing races
C23C 8/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
C21D 1/18 - HardeningQuenching with or without subsequent tempering
C21D 1/25 - Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 °C and 600 °C, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
C22C 38/12 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium or niobium
C22C 38/18 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
C22C 38/22 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
C22C 38/24 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
C22C 38/26 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
C22C 38/28 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
2 ranging from 0.42 to 2.33 and at least one of an Rmr (0.2-0.5) profile greater than at least 25% and/or an Rmr (0.3-0.5) profile greater than at least 50%.
This invention relates to a fuel heating assembly which can be applied for example to the cold starting of motor vehicles. The fuel heating assembly (1) comprises at least one fuel manifold (2) provided with at least one fuel inlet (3) and at least one fuel outlet (4) and at least one heating device (5) provided with a fuel inlet (6) and at least one fuel outlet (7), the fuel inlet (6) of the heating device (5) being in fluid connection with the fuel outlet (4) of the fuel manifold (2) and the fuel outlet (7) of the heating device (5) being capable of being connected to at least one fuel injector (8), the heating device (5) also comprising at least one internal space (9) located between its fuel inlet (6) and outlet (7), in which the internal space (9) is configured to house at least one heat exchanger (10), the heat exchanger (10) being provided with at least one heating element (11) inserted in an opening within it, the heating device (5) and the fuel manifold (2) being arranged in an integrated form.
F02M 53/02 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
F02M 53/06 - Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
F02M 51/00 - Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
F02M 69/46 - Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups
A piston ring is described comprising at least a metal base (1), a sliding face (10), a superior face (20) and an inferior face (30), the interceptions between the sliding face (10) and the superior and inferior faces (20, 30) defining, each thereof, a region of superior intersection (21) and a region of inferior intersection (22), the region of superior intersection defining a sliding chamfer (210), the inferior face (30) in the region extending from the region of inferior intersection (22) by up to a length of 100 to 300 micrometres defining a partial region (23), the perimetric region of the piston ring (100) being nitrided, the sliding chamfer (210), the sliding face (10), the region of inferior intersection (22) and the partial region (23) being devoid of nitridation such that the fragility is reduced of the ring (100) caused by the nitridation of the said regions wherein the recurrence and propagation of cracks is common, in addition permitting the maintenance of nitrided regions having great wear resistance.
INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO S/A (Brazil)
MAHLE METAL LEVE S/A (Brazil)
MAHLE INTERNATIONAL GMBH (Germany)
Inventor
Albertin, Eduardo
Boccalini Jr., Mario
Leite De Lima, Moysés
Marques Araujo, Gisela
Abstract
The present invention ('PISTON RINGS OF CAST NITRIDABLE STEELS AND PROCESS OF PRODUCTION') describes an alloy and the process for the obtainment of cast parts suitable for piston rings of nitridable steels having a relatively high content of N and having low contents of Si. In this invention the fraction of M7C3 eutectic carbides is reduced to fractions of less than 2.0% by weight through the substitution of part of C by N and, in addition thereto, these eutectic carbides are transformed into M23C6 carbides during the stage of heat treatment. This transformation is accompanied by an alteration in the morphology of the carbides, reducing the maximum size thereof and the continuity thereof in the microstructure of the material. This microstructural alteration of the material of the present invention is due to the chemical composition (low contents of Si and relatively high contents of N) and appropriate heat treatments. The rings of cast nitridable steels having low contents of Si and high contents of nitrogen obtained in the present invention have overcome the limitations imposed by the processes and/or materials belonging to the present state of the art, these being: limit of loading whereunto the rings of cast iron may be subjected, dimensional limits of the process of shaping wires of stainless steels, and formation of coarse carbides in the alloys proposed in the document US 20120090462. The following table shows the limits of composition for the material.
B22D 25/02 - Special casting characterised by the nature of the product by its peculiarity of shapeSpecial casting characterised by the nature of the product of works of art
C21D 9/40 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for ringsHeat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for bearing races
A piston ring for a piston of an internal combustion engine may include a body composed of a ferrous material. The body may have an upper portion, a lower portion opposed to the upper portion, an internal portion configured to face towards a piston groove and an external portion opposed to the internal portion. An upper chamfer may be disposed between the upper portion and the external portion. A lower chamfer may be disposed between the lower portion and the external portion. The upper portion, the lower portion and the internal portion may each have a nitrided layer. The external portion, the upper chamfer and the lower chamfer may include at least one ion plated coating layer. The nitrided portion in at least a superficial layer may have a hardness of 700 HV or less.
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
The present invention relates to a piston ring (1) for internal combustion engines provided with a base comprising a sliding external surface (3), an internal surface (4), an upper surface (5), and a lower surface (6), the external surface (3) comprising chamfered edges (7, 8), the external (3), internal (4), upper (5), and lower (6) surfaces and the chamfered edges (7, 8) of the ring (1) comprising a first, nitrided layer (10), the first layer (10) comprising a thickness of between 30 and 70 microns on the upper (5) and lower (6) surfaces and a thickness of up to 7microns on the external surface (3) and on the chamfered edges (7, 8), the external surface (3) and the chamfered edges (7, 8) comprising a sliding layer (11) composed of a hard chromium or ceramic chromium plated coating, the sliding layer (11) being applied on the first layer (10), the sliding layer (11) comprising a thickness of between 80 and 175 microns, guaranteeing a high level of durability of the ring (1) owing to the excellent wear-resistance.
A piston ring for an internal combustion engine may include a substantially annular base of a ferrous alloy upon which is applied a coating. The coating may have a first bonding layer and at least a first external layer or a second external layer deposited upon the first bonding layer up to a maximum of 100 micrometers in thickness of a plurality of sequentially deposited first and second external layers. The first external layer may include a nitride of a doped metal chemical element, a doping element being aluminum. The second external layer may include a nitride of the metal chemical element. The first external layer may have a thickness greater than at least once a thickness of the second external layer and less than ten times the thickness of the second external layer.
A piston ring for an internal combustion engine may include a metal base and a protective coating disposed on the base to cover at least part of a surface of the base. The coating may be composed of at least one nitride phase formed from at least one metal element and aluminum, and the coating may have an internal stress of less than 1.2 GPa.
The present invention refers to a piston ring for internal combustion engine, having an outer surface of a coating of Chromium Nitride (CrN and Cr2N) and Niobium Nitride (NbN and Nb4N3), capable of offering greater resistance to peeling of the coating, also maintaining an excellent level of resistance to wear and tear and scratches to the layer of Chromium Nitride deposited.
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
This invention relates to a thrust washer (1) for internal combustion engines, provided with a metal base comprising a contact surface (2) associated with the engine block, and a slip surface (3), the slip surface (3) having a surface profile incorporating at least one ramp section (4), at least one flat horizontal section (5) and at least one oil channel (6), the ramp section (4) and the flat horizontal section (5) being connected by means of an asymptotic curve, the ramp section (4) tending asymptotically towards the flat horizontal section (5), eliminating points of inflection or vertices, giving rise to uniform hydrodynamic support, cancelling out transition effects, which results in a thrust washer (1) having a high resistance to wear and excellent performance.
The invention pertains in general to a valve for a filtering element and, more specifically, the invention is related to a valve used in a housing which holds a filtering element, such as an air filter for an internal combustion engine. According to one embodiment of the invention, the contaminant ejection valve (10) comprises a body (11) which comprises an upper part and a lower part, the upper part comprising an opening (12) which is intended to be installed in and in fluid communication with a housing of a filtering element, the lower part having an inclined plane which is integrated with the body and likewise comprising at least one opening (13) for the ejecting of contaminants; and diaphragm (14) mounted in said at least one opening (13), formed in the lower part of said body, to allow a controlled ejection of contaminants when there is a neutral and/or positive pressure inside the housing of the filtering element.
The invention pertains in general to a valve for a filtering element and, more specifically, the invention relates to a valve used in a housing which holds a filtering element, such as an air filter for an internal combustion engine. According to one embodiment of the invention, the contaminant ejection valve (10) comprises a body (11) which comprises an upper part and a lower part, the upper part comprising an opening (12) which is intended to be installed in and in fluid communication with a housing of a filtering element, the lower part having an inclined plane which is integrated with the body and likewise comprising at least one opening (13) for the ejection of contaminants; and a means of closing said opening (13), formed in the lower part of said body, wherein said means of closure allows a controlled ejection of contaminants when there is a neutral and/or positive pressure inside the housing of the filtering element.
A process for microbial fermentation of sugary substrates may include inoculating hydrogen into a microorganism of a genera fungus or a bacterium present in suspension in a wort under fermentation or in an immobilized bed. The wort under fermentation or in the immobilized bed may contain sugars and microorganisms.
B22F 5/08 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheelsManufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of cam discs
C22C 33/02 - Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
F16H 55/06 - Use of materialsUse of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
59.
METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR THE CONTROL OF COMBUSTION
This invention relates to a method for controlling internal combustion engines for the control of combustion, the engine comprising at least one detonation sensor (20) and at least one mechanism (25) for altering the compression ratio of the engine, the method obtaining information from the detonation sensor (20) and sending this information to a storage unit (21) which compares the stored information with a database (22), the result of this comparison being sent to a processing unit (23), the processing unit (23) activating the mechanism (25) for altering the compression ratio of the engine in accordance with the degree of retardation or advance of an ignition point read by the sensor (20).
F02B 15/00 - Engines characterised by the method of introducing liquid fuel into cylinders and not otherwise provided for
F02P 5/152 - Digital data processing dependent on pinking
F02B 75/04 - Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
F02D 35/02 - Non-electrical control of engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
This invention refers in a general manner to an intake system for internal combustion engines and, more specifically, to an intake system that improves the cooling effect of the intake air. According to this invention configuration, in the intake system there is one manifold (20) associated with the intake from an internal combustion engine (10). This manifold contains: one opening (27) to receive the intake of compressed gases coming from a compressor (42); and at least one intake (21) and one exhaust (22) for the circulation of a cooling fluid in the above-mentioned manifold; and one cooling line (23, 24) associated with the above-mentioned manifold. Each cooling line contains at least a first heat exchanger (25) fluidly associated with the above-mentioned intake and exhaust, and the above-mentioned cooling line also contains a second heat exchanger (50) based on Peltier technology.
This invention refers in a general manner to an intake system (100) for internal combustion engines (10) and, more specifically, to an intake system (100) that improves the cooling effect of the intake air. According to this invention configurations, in the intake system (100) there is a manifold (20) associated with the intake (12) from an internal combustion engine (10); this manifold (20) connected to an intake duct (22) to receive gases from a system inlet (25); this manifold (20) comprises at least one exhaust (23) to lead such gases to at least one combustion chamber (15), wherein the intake system (100) also contains at least one heat exchanger (50) comprising at least one Peltier cell (70).
H01L 35/28 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - Details thereof operating with Peltier or Seebeck effect only
F02M 31/20 - Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for cooling
62.
PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A PISTON RING, PISTON RING AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
The process relates, in a general manner, to a component of an internal combustion engine and, more specifically, the invention relates to a process for obtaining a piston ring. According to one embodiment of the invention, the process comprises the stages of: a) providing a piston ring of an internal combustion engine, and b) submitting at least one surface of the said ring to a laser surface heat treatment.
C21D 1/09 - Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energySurface hardening by particle radiation
B23P 15/06 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass piston rings from one piece
B23P 15/08 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass piston rings from several pieces
F16J 9/20 - Rings with special cross-sectionOil-scraping rings
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C21D 9/40 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for ringsHeat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articlesFurnaces therefor for bearing races
A sliding assembly for utilization in an internal combustion engine may include at least one piston ring and a cylinder head provided with a through cavity defining an internal surface. The internal surface may define a TDC portion in a proximity of a top dead center, a central portion, and a BDC portion in a proximity of bottom dead center. The TDC portion, central portion, and BDC portion may present surface finishes having a first roughness, a second roughness, and a third roughness, respectively, each defined by a structure of recesses and projections, at least one of which may be substantially uniform. The second roughness may be less than the first roughness value. The piston ring may present at least part of a contact surface upon which a ceramic coating may be applied by a physical vapor deposition.
C23F 17/00 - Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class and at least one process covered by subclass or or class
The invention relates, in a general manner, to a component of an internal combustion engine and, more specifically, the invention is related to a piston ring of an internal combustion engine. The invention furthermore relates to an internal combustion engine containing such ring. According to an embodiment of the invention, the piston ring comprises between 8 and 15% by weight of chromium, in addition to other elements and inevitable impurities, having a hardness comprised between 350 and 420 HV, wherein the said ring comprises a superficial nitrided layer having a depth less than or equal to 60 ym and having an average hardness measured upon the surface exceeding 800 HV, wherein the nitride particles of the nitrided layer possess a maximum size of 5 μm and are distributed over between 4 and 8% of the area of the nitrided layer, the white layer being absent in the nitrided layer.
The present invention relates to a component of an internal combustion engine, and in particular a cylinder liner (10) of the wet type provided with a circumferential outer surface (12) which receives application of a first layer (1) containing silicon, on which there is applied a second elastomer layer (2) containing nanoparticles of silicon oxide, such as to increase the durability of the liner (10) when it is working against the action of erosion by cavitation.
The present invention relates to a piston ring (1) and to a process for deposition of a coating capable of guaranteeing a variable thickness of the coating layer (5) on the external surface (2) of the piston ring (1) such that a region in the vicinity of the ends (31, 32) of a gap (3) of the ring (1) comprises a coating layer (5) that is thicker than the coating layer in the opposite region in the vicinity of the ends (31, 32) of the ring (1) and, furthermore, with a reduction in the thickness of the coating layer (5) of the ends (31, 32) of the gap (3) of the ring (1), thus providing a piston ring (1) with a high level of durability owing to the excellent strength and to the high level of thickness in the region of greatest wear of the ring.
C23C 14/22 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
F16J 15/12 - Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
A running set for an internal combustion engine may include at least one of a cylinder liner and an engine block including at least one integrated cylinder. The running set may further include at least one piston ring. The at least one piston ring may define an outer running face and the at least one of the cylinder line and the integrated cylinder may define an inner running face. At least one part of the outer running face may include a coating composed of a ceramic material. At least one part of the inner running face may include a proportion of less than three percent of a folded metal.
A piston ring may include a metallic base, an outer slide layer and an intermediate layer disposed between the base and the outer slide layer. The base may extend between at least two end regions. The outer slide layer and the intermediate layer may be disposed on an outer radial face of each end region of the base.
The present invention relates to a cylinder liner (10) for internal-combustion engines, more specifically a cylinder liner (10) inserted by casting into an engine block (8), the circumferential external surface (2) being provided with a specific roughness and with a coating (5) capable of promoting bonding between the cylinder liner (10) and the engine block (8), inhibiting the formation of voids (4) and promoting excellent heat transfer to the engine block (8). The coating (5) has the particular feature that it is constituted from pure nickel (Ni99), which enables the insertion, by high-pressure die-casting or low- pressure die-casting or gravity die-casting, of a liner (10) coated with said metal.
This invention relates to a bearing (5) for internal combustion engines provided with a ferrous base material (10) onto which is applied a first layer (1) and a surface layer (2) of polymer matrix, the surface layer (2) acting as an interface between a lubricating fluid and the first layer (1), the first layer (1) comprising a bronze alloy containing from 1% to 5% by volume of cast bismuth in its composition, the surface layer (2) being subject to wear and the first layer (1) optionally acting as an interface between the lubricating fluid and the base material (10), together with a process and method of application.
F16C 33/20 - Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
F16C 9/00 - Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rodsAttachment of connecting-rods
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
The invention relates in general to a component of an internal combustion engine and more specifically the invention relates to a process for obtaining a piston or manufacturing a groove in a piston for an internal combustion engine. The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine piston obtained by such processes. According to one embodiment of the invention the process of obtaining a piston comprises the stages of: a) providing an internal combustion engine piston; b) carrying out pre-machining of said piston to form at least one circumferential slot along its lateral surface; c) at least partly filling said pre-machined slot with the reinforcing material; and d) subjecting the pre-machined slot filled with reinforcing material to a stir friction process to disperse said reinforcing material in the piston matrix.
B23P 15/10 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by frictionFriction welding
The invention relates to bushings in general, and more specifically the invention relates to bushings for use in particular in high-performance internal combustion engines. According to one embodiment of the invention, the bushing (10) has a two-part construction, a support surface (11) and a sliding surface (12), characterized in that said sliding surface has a convex profile in relation to the cross section of said bushing, and in that said convex profile is offset from the perimeter midpoint (P) of the sliding surface.
The invention relates, in general terms, to a method for manufacturing a component of an internal-combustion engine and, more specifically, the invention relates to a method for a valve for an internal-combustion engine that has improved corrosion-resistance features. According to one embodiment of the invention, the method for manufacturing the component of an internal-combustion engine, said component being made of metal, includes the step of applying chromium ions to the nitrided layer.
A single-piece oil control ring for a piston may include a body having at least one upper portion and at least one lower portion each facing towards a cylinder wall of an internal combustion engine. At least one of the upper portion and the lower portion may respectively define a first surface extending substantially perpendicular to the body and a receding second surface extending from the first surface substantially at an incline. The first surface may protrude towards the cylinder wall in relation to the second surface. The first surface may have a first area of contact with the cylinder wall, and at least 95% of the first area may contact the cylinder wall.
A sliding element (1) is described for use in internal combustion engines, sliding element (1) being provided with a ferrous base material (2) whereupon is applied the film (6) comprising, sequentially, a transitional layer (3), a connecting layer (4), and a contact layer (5), wherein the connecting layer (4) comprises metal material and the contact layer (5) comprises a layer of DLC (diamond-like carbon) having a maximum of 2 % hydrogen by weight, doped with a metal element, forming a layer of the a-C:Me type.
The present invention relates to a piston ring, for utilization in the piston groove of a piston of an internal combustion engine, provided with a body (6) composed of a ferrous material defining an upper portion (2) facing towards the piston head, a lower portion (3), opposed, facing towards the piston skirt, an internal portion (4) facing towards the piston groove, and an external portion (5), opposed, to slide against the cylinder wall or liner, the upper and external portions (2, 5) being essentially mutually orthogonal and defining an upper chamfer (Cs) and the lower and external portions (3, 5) being essentially mutually orthogonal and defining a lower chamfer (Ci), wherein (i) the upper, lower and internal portions (2, 3, 4) are nitrided (CN), and (ii) the external portion (5) and the upper and lower chamfers (Cs, Ci) are not nitrided and coated by at least one coating layer (7) deposited by the process of ion plating.
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
The present invention relates to a nitrided second piston ring (2), which, prior to the surface nitriding hardening step, it exhibits a chemical composition comprising between 0.51% and 0.59% carbon; between 1.20 and 1.60% silicon; and between 0.60 and 0.80% chrome. The present invention also discloses a piston (4) provided with a nitrided second piston rin 2 as mentioned above.
The invention relates, in a general manner, to a component of an internal combustion engine and, more specifically, the present invention is related to a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine. According to one embodiment of the invention, the cylinder liner comprises a substantially circular internal wall and an external wall, the external wall having at least one planar face (11) and at least one substantially circular face (12) being concentric with the internal wall, wherein the circular face (12) has a rough surface comprising a distance between peaks and troughs (c) from 0.2 to 2.5 mm.
The invention relates, in a general manner, to an internal combustion engine and, more specifically, the invention is related to a process for coating a cylinder of an internal combustion engine or a removable liner of an internal combustion engine. According to an embodiment of the invention, the process is realized through plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition, wherein the process is characterized in that it comprises the stages of: a) provision of a component in a deposition system; b) generation of a negative pressure within the deposition system comprised between 400 and 600 mTorr in an inert atmosphere formed by argon, hydrogen or mixtures thereof; c) activation of the surface to be deposited at a bias voltage comprised between 300 and 550 Vbias; d) ionization of the component at a bias voltage comprised between 800 and 1200 Vbias in the presence of argon, nitrogen, a hydrocarbon gas or mixtures thereof at a pressure comprised between 100 and 300 mTorr; e) deposition of an adhesive layer utilizing Si as precursor at a bias voltage comprised between 50 and 400 Vbias and at a pressure comprised between 200 and 500 mTorr in an atmosphere formed by a hydrocarbon gas; f) deposition of a transition layer wherein there is gradually introduced an amorphous carbon and the precursor Si is reduced, gradually, until the complete elimination of the precursor; and g) deposition of an upper layer comprising an amorphous carbon and no precursor.
C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
F02F 1/20 - Other cylinders characterised by constructional features providing for lubrication
The present invention relates to a piston ring for an internal combustion engine, comprising a metal base (4) whereupon a protective coating (5) is applied to cover at least part of the surface of the base (4), wherein the coating is composed of at least one phase of nitride produced from at least one metal element and aluminium (Al) and comprises an internal stress of less than 1.2 GPa.
The present invention relates to a sliding combination for use in an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder liner (2) of cylindrical shape defining an internal sliding surface (3) and a ring (4) defined by at least one external lateral sliding surface (5), the external sliding surface (5) of the ring (4) sliding in relation to the internal surface (3) of the liner (2), the surface (5) of the ring having a first coating (6) of metal nitride applied by the physical vapour deposition (PVD) process which slides over a second coating (7) of DLC (diamond-like carbon) applied over the internal surface (3) of the liner (2).
The present invention relates to a piston ring, in particular a compression ring, provided with a base (2) of carbon steel whose cross-section defines an outer lateral surface (3) slidably associable to the wall (D) of a cylinder, an upper surface (4) associable to the groove (C) of a piston (P), facing the piston crown and a lower surface (5) associable to the groove (C) of a piston (P), facing the piston skirt (S), wherein at least a portion of the lower surface (5) comprises a carbonitrided layer (7) that has a thickness between 100pm and 300pm and hardness between 700HV and 1000HV.
The present invention relates to a method for the lining of a thin-walled sliding element (20) for internal combustion engine blocks ion which: (i) the pressure applied for honing the sliding element (20) is between 8 MPa and 9 MPa; and (ii) at least a part of the inner surface (21) of the sliding element (20) comprises a nano-coat of solid lubricant provided with roughnesses, before honing, of Rpk, Rk and Rvk no lower than 2/3 of the original.
MAHLE BEHR GERENCIAMENTO TÉRMICO BRASIL LTDA. (Brazil)
MAHLE METAL LEVE S/A (Brazil)
MAHLE METAL LEVE MIBA SINTERIZADOS LTDA. (Brazil)
HÖGANÄS BRASIL LTDA. (Brazil)
MAHLE INTERNATIONAL GMBH (Germany)
Inventor
Kawaguchi, Masaaki
Mizukami, Ana Keiko Yasuoka
Duartes Lopes, Henrique
Zalla, Sandro
Abstract
This invention refers to an electric motor (1) of axial magnetic flux, this electric motor has: at least one stator crown (2) that defines a contact surface (13), several magnets (3, 3', 3", 3"') associated with the contact surface (13) of the stator crown (2). This electric motor (1) is set in such a manner as to also contain one rotor crown (6) in which there are several passing openings 10 (8, 80, 8', 80', 8" and 80"). This electric motor (1) also contains several teeth (4, 40, 4', 40', 4", 40") individually positioned in each of the passing openings (8, 80, 8', 80', 8" and 80") and with at least one of their surfaces (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) electrically associated to at least one copper coil (5, 50, 5', 50', 5", 50"). Several teeth (4, 40, 4', 40', 4", 40") with such a shape as to fit the passing openings (8, 80, 8', 80', 8" and 80").
H02K 23/30 - DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutatorUniversal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings having lap or loop windings
H02K 23/04 - DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutatorUniversal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting having permanent magnet excitation
The invention generally relates to bearings and,more specifically,the invention relates to bearings for use,in particular,in high-performance internal- combustion engines. According to one embodiment of the invention,the bearing comprises a substrate (10);a metallic layer (20) in contact,on one side,with said metallic substrate; an adhesive layer (30) in contact, on one side,with said metallic layer;a supporting layer (40) in contact,on one side,with said adhesive layer;and a polymer layer (50) in contact,on one side,with said adhesive layer.
B32B 15/06 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of rubber
B32B 15/08 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B32B 15/082 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resinsLayered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising acrylic resins
B32B 15/18 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising iron or steel
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
B32B 25/08 - Layered products essentially comprising natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
F16C 33/20 - Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
87.
A PROCESS FOR MICROBIAL FERMENTATION OF SUGARY SUBSTRATES AND USE OF THE HYDROGEN IN ATOMIC, IONIC OR GASEOUS STATE IN SAID PROCESS
The present invention relates to a biochemical process for increasing selectively the production of alcohol through fermentation of sugary substrates by inoculating hydrogen into the microorganism in a fermentative process comprising sugary wort, nutrients and microorganism of the genus fungus or bacterium. The production of hydrogen occurs through application of an electric voltage in pre-electrolysis or full electrolysis, under direct or alternating electric current, in the fermentative medium. The use of hydrogen in atomic, ionic or gaseous state for inoculation into the microorganisms present in a fermentative medium for the selective production of alcohol is also described.
The present invention relates to a bearing (1) for internal combustion engines, usually bearings used in connecting rods and internal combustion engine blocks. The bearing according to the present invention comprises: a steel supporting layer (2); a lining layer (3), including a Cu alloy, placed on top of the steel supporting layer (2); an Ni-based anti-diffusion barrier layer (4) placed on top of the lining layer (3); and an anti-friction layer (5) including a matrix of Sn-Zn and precipitates of Zn, said anti-friction layer (5) being placed on top of the anti-diffusion barrier layer (4).
C23C 30/00 - Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
B32B 15/01 - Layered products essentially comprising metal all layers being exclusively metallic
This invention refers to a bearing (1) for internal combustion engines, generally to bearings used on connecting rods and blocks in internal combustion engines. The bearing in this invention includes: a steel support layer (2); a coating layer (3) containing a Cu alloy and laid over the steel support; a Ni-based anti-diffusion barrier layer (4) laid over the coating layer; and an anti-friction layer (5) containing a matrix of Sn-Zn and Zn precipitates, with this anti-friction layer being laid over the anti-diffusion barrier layer.
The present invention relates to a piston ring for use in the piston of an internal combustion engine or compressor, having a substantially annular shape defining an inner face (2) that faces the raceway, a top face (3) that faces the combustion chamber and is substantially orthogonal to the top face (2), and a bottom face (4) substantially opposite to the second face (3), a heat-insulating coating layer (P) being provided on at least part of the surface of the inner, top or bottom face (2, 3, 4).
A sliding assembly is described for use in an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder liner (1) and at least one piston ring (10), the liner (1) comprising a through-bore that defines an internal surface (S) which, in turn, defines three portions, a first portion (2) near the end of the piston stroke, facing the cylinder head (next to the top dead centre - TDC), a second, central portion (3), and a third portion (4) near the end of the piston stroke, facing the crankshaft of the engine (next to the top dead centre - TPC), wherein (i) the TDC portion (2) of the liner (1) has a surface finish with a first roughness value defined by a structure of recesses and projections ("valleys" and "peaks"); the central portion (3) of the liner (1) has a surface finish with a second roughness value defined by a structure of recesses and projections ("valleys" and "peaks"); the BDC portion (4) of the liner (1) has a surface finish with a third roughness value defined by a structure of recesses and projections ("valleys" and "peaks"), and the roughness value of the central portion (3) is substantially lower than the roughness value of the TDC portion (2), and is defined by a substantially smooth structure of recesses and projections ("valleys" and "peaks") ; and (ii) a ceramic coating (R) is applied to at least part of the contact surface of the piston ring (10) by the physical vapor deposition process (PVD).
The heat exchanger comprises: a first and a second stage (E1,E2), each having an inlet and an outlet of water (41a, 41b; 43a; 43b), the second stage (E2) having an inlet and an outlet of oil (44a, 44b), the first stage (El) being provided with fuel inlet and outlet nozzles (42a, 42b), selectively connected, in parallel, to the fuel supply to the engine (M). The inlet and outlet of water (41a, 41b) of the first stage (El) are respectively connected to the outlet (20b) of the water radiator (20), by means of a cooling water circuit (23) internal to the engine (M), and to the water inlet (43a) of the second stage (E2). The water outlet (43b) of the second stage (E2) is connected to the inlet (20a) of a water radiator (20), and the inlet and outlet of oil (44a, 44b) in the second stage (E2) are connected in series to a lubricant oil circuit (30) internal to the engine (M).
F02M 31/10 - Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot liquids, e.g. lubricants
F01M 5/00 - Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricantLubrication means facilitating engine starting
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
93.
HEAT EXCHANGER FOR THE FEEDING OF FUEL IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
The heat exchanger (HE) has first and second stages (E1, E2) seated and affixed in a connecting block (100) seated and affixed to the engine (M). The first stage (E1) has a fuel inlet and outlet nozzles (42a, 42b) which are connected to the supply of fuel to the engine (M), and the connecting block (100) defines: a return conduit (101), communicating an outlet (23b) of a cooling water circuit (23) of the engine (M) with a water inlet (41a) in the first stage (E1); an interconnecting conduit (102) communicating a water outlet (41b) of the first stage (E1) with a water inlet (43a) of the second stage (E2); an outlet conduit (103) communicating a water outlet (43b) of the second stage (E2) with an inlet (20a) of a water radiator (20) having an outlet (20b); and two oil conduits (104, 105), communicating a lubricant oil circuit (30) of the engine (M) with the second stage (E2).
F02M 31/10 - Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot liquids, e.g. lubricants
F01M 5/00 - Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricantLubrication means facilitating engine starting
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
94.
HEAT EXCHANGER FOR THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR THE FEEDING OF FUEL IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
The internal combustion engines (M) of the invention are provided with a cooling water circuit (23), associated with a water radiator (20) and with a lubricant oil circuit (30). The heat exchanger (HE) comprises an inlet and an outlet of water (41a,41b) connected, in series, to an outlet (20b) of the water radiator (20), by means of a cooled water conduit (22) and of the cooling water circuit (23), and to an inlet (20a) of the water radiator (20), by means of a return conduit (24) and a hot water conduit (21); a fuel inlet nozzle and a fuel outlet nozzle (42a,42b), selectively connected to the fuel supply to the engine (M); and an inlet and an outlet of lubricant oil (43a,43b), connected to the lubricant oil circuit (30) by means of respective oil conduits (34, 33).
F02M 31/10 - Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot liquids, e.g. lubricants
F01M 5/00 - Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricantLubrication means facilitating engine starting
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
The present invention relate to a piston ring (10) for use on internal combustion engines, more particularly, a ring (10) having a metallic base (1), where the outer portion of its ends receives two layers applied subsequently to provide greater resistance to wear, an intermediate layer (2) preferably comprising chrome nitride (CrN), applied by hypersonic thermal spray (HVOF) and an outer layer (3) comprising chrome nitride (CrN), applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD).
The present invention relates to a filter (10), more particularly to a lid for a filter (10) that allows fluid to be suitably drained when a filter element (20) is replaced. In one embodiment of the invention, the filter (10) comprises at least one body (30) and at least one filter element (20) arranged inside the body (30), which is closed by a lid (40), the body comprising means for draining the fluid fuel therein in a controlled manner.
F02M 37/22 - Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
The invention relates to a filter lid that allows the filter element (20) contained inside the filter to be aligned both radially and axially. In one embodiment, the filter (10) comprises at least one body (30) and at least one filter element (20) to be arranged inside the body (30), which is closed by a lid (40) that comprises a side wall (41) with a continuous perimeter and designed to be attached to the body (30) of the filter (10), and an opening (42) formed in one of the ends of the side wall (41) and designed for receiving the filter element.
F02M 37/22 - Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
98.
STRUCTURAL ARRANGEMENT FOR FUEL FILTER LID ASSEMBLY
The present invention relates to a lid (1) and body (11) assembly with a structural arrangement that makes it easier to close or open the assembly for servicing the fuel filter. In this assembly, the lid (1) and the body (11) are cylindrical and designed to prevent or at least reduce the occurrence of an imperfect fitting between the two parts. The lid (1) comprises a first slot (5) in the cylindrical body which is accessible and visible to a user and has an orthogonal projection that is inclined relative to a geometric axis (x) of the assembly, and the body (11) comprises at least one guide pin (12) that can be detachably coupled to the first slot (5).
B01D 29/96 - Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups Filtering elements therefor in which the filtering elements are moved between filtering operationsParticular measures for removing or replacing the filtering elementsTransport systems for filters
B65D 41/34 - Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers
F02M 37/22 - Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
The present invention relates to a running set for use in an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder liner (4) or an engine block having at least one integrated cylinder (4') and having at least one piston ring (2), wherein the ring (2) defines an outer running surface (3) and the liner/the integrated cylinder (4, 4') defines an inner running surface (5) and the outer running surface (3) of the ring (2) slidingly interacts with the inner running surface (5) of the liner/of the integrated cylinder (4, 4'), wherein at least part of the outer running surface (3) of the ring (2) has a coating made of ceramic material and at least part of the inner running surface (5) of the liner/of the integrated cylinder (4, 4') has a proportion of bent metal below 3%.
The present invention relates to a structural arrangement for a sealing system (1, 1') capable of preventing or at least reducing the occurrence of unwanted leaks. The sealing assembly (1, 1') comprises at least one sealing ring (71, 72, 71'); a closure element (60, 60'); and a support base (61, 61') firmly attached to the closure element (60, 60'), the closure element (60, 60') and the support base (61, 61') forming at least one sealing receptacle (62, 63, 62') designed for receiving the sealing ring (71, 72, 71'). The present invention relates to a fuel filter (10) provided with this sealing assembly (1, 1'). The sealing assembly (1, 1') can be removed from the filter (10).
B01D 29/96 - Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups Filtering elements therefor in which the filtering elements are moved between filtering operationsParticular measures for removing or replacing the filtering elementsTransport systems for filters
F02M 37/22 - Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
