A retrofit window insulation system that achieves a very low solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of 0.10 or lower. The retrofit window insulation system is an ultra-lightweight, ultra-clear, low-e polymeric window cover that, in combination with solar screens and/or louvers that are mechanically deployable to offer optional shading for tunable control of daylighting and solar heating. Spectrally selective coatings on louvers which contain a phase change material (PCM) for thermal storage of daytime heat is particularly efficient. Placing a reflective film on the outward-facing surface of the louvers is reflective to sunlight but also emits thermal radiation back into the cold of space through the earth's atmosphere. If the louvers are placed between the retrofit window insulation system and the preexisting window glass, the air gap between the window and the retrofit window insulation system warms so that thermal energy is stored in the PCM.
E06B 3/67 - Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together, e.g. along the edges characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation
An ETFE film that has a haze value of 2% or less, and preferably 1% or less, which advantageously may have a thickness greater than 150 pm, and preferably In the range of 200 pm to 300 pm, A film of ETFE, as received from the manufacturer, is stretched under special processing conditions to produce a processed (or final) film having an area stretch factor (Ax) greater than about 1.6. Ax —Initial film thickness/film thickness after stretching. However, it is important that the initial film thickness has a starting thickness of at least 400 pm, and preferably at least 500 pm. Processing conditions Include, in some embodiments, pre-beating and heating during stretching, and post-stretching annealing If the film is stretched in a 2.5×1 or a 4×1 ratio, at a processing temperature in THV range of 130° C. to 150° C., the haze of the resulting film can be reliably brought down to less than 2%. We have also found that this low haze value is not dependent on whether the larger stretch {e.g., 2,5× or 4×) is in the machine direction (MD) or the transverse direction (TD) of the extruded film. Annealing the stretched film decreases the film shrinkage to almost 0%.
A blast-resistant window attachment, or retrofit window insulation system, wherein panes of polymer film, such as TPU or ETFE, are held in a roll-formed stainless steel frame to form a pane assembly. One or more pane assemblies are stacked to make a multilayer unit or are mounted in a robust polymer casing that is sized to fit the window frames of an existing building window or to attach to the wall of the building surrounding the window. The polymer film or films can absorb energy of a blast without breaking provided that the collective thickness of the film(s) is at least 20 mil, and preferably 24 mil or more. The casing is, preferably made from a high strength polymer, such as Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, or a metal such as stainless steel. In experiments conducted by the Army Corp of Engineers, the retrofit window insulation system of the present invention, when securely bolted to the structural components of the building around the window, demonstrates a remarkable ability of the polymer film panes to absorb blast energy and mitigate secondary debris hazards.
E06B 5/12 - Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposesBorder constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like actionDoors, windows, or like closures for special purposesBorder constructions therefor for other protective purposes against air pressure, explosion, or gas
F42D 5/045 - Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
E04H 9/06 - Structures arranged in, or forming part of, buildings
An ETFE film that has a haze value of 2% or less, and preferably 1% or less, which advantageously may have a thickness greater than 150 pm, and preferably In the range of 200 pm to 300 pm, A film of ETFE, as received from the manufacturer, is stretched under special processing conditions to produce a processed (or final) film having an area stretch factor (Ax) greater than about 1.6. Ax - Initial film thickness /film thickness after stretching. However, it is important that the initial film thickness has a starting thickness of at least 400 pm, and preferably at least 500pm. Processing conditions Include, in some embodiments, pre-beating and heating during stretching, and post-stretching annealing. If the film is stretched in a 2.5 x 1 or a 4 x 1 ratio, at a processing temperature in THV range of 130°C to 150°C, the haze of the resulting film can be reliably brought down to less than 2%, We have also found that this low haze value is not dependent on whether the larger stretch {e.g., 2,5x or 4x) is in the machine direction (MD) or the transverse direction (TD) of the extruded film. Annealing the stretched film decreases the film shrinkage to almost 0%.
C08L 27/12 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogenCompositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
An ETFE film that has a haze value of 2% or less, and preferably 1% or less, which advantageously may have a thickness greater than 150 pm, and preferably In the range of 200 pm to 300 pm, A film of ETFE, as received from the manufacturer, is stretched under special processing conditions to produce a processed (or final) film having an area stretch factor (Ax) greater than about 1.6. Ax - Initial film thickness /film thickness after stretching. However, it is important that the initial film thickness has a starting thickness of at least 400 pm, and preferably at least 500pm. Processing conditions Include, in some embodiments, pre-beating and heating during stretching, and post-stretching annealing. If the film is stretched in a 2.5 x 1 or a 4 x 1 ratio, at a processing temperature in THV range of 130°C to 150°C, the haze of the resulting film can be reliably brought down to less than 2%, We have also found that this low haze value is not dependent on whether the larger stretch {e.g., 2,5x or 4x) is in the machine direction (MD) or the transverse direction (TD) of the extruded film. Annealing the stretched film decreases the film shrinkage to almost 0%.
C08L 27/12 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogenCompositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
6.
FLUORINATED AND HYDROGENATED DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON MATERIALS FOR ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATINGS
Fluorinated and hydrogenated diamond-like carbon ("DLC-FH") that have unique optical properties differ as a class from the existing DLC art, whose refractive indices [n] are limited to rather high values above a lower threshold of 1.7, and can range up to about 2.7. The DLC-FH materials can achieve very low refractive indices at 550 nm wavelength. [n550], i.e., below 1.5, and especially demonstrated down to 1.3. Moreover, whereas the absorption for the existing DLC art, as quantified by the extinction coefficient [k] at a wavelength of 550 nm, [k550], is limited to about 0.04, our DLC-FH material can achieve [k550] below 0.01. Both of these attributes, i.e., low [n550] and low [k550) means that, for the first time, a carbon-based material as represented by the DLC-FH material, can be used for anti-reflection (AR) coating.
C23C 16/00 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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