Abstract

Fuel dilution of a lubricant in an engine may be reduced through adjustment methods. Example fuel dilution adjustment methods may include: storing a first fuel distillation dataset for a lubricant composition operating with a first fuel, a second fuel distillation dataset for the lubricant composition operating with a second fuel; calculating a first temperature factor for the first fuel at a reference temperature; calculating an optimized adjustment temperature; and adjusting an operational fuel dilution of the lubricant composition in an internal combustion engine based on the optimized adjustment temperature. Example lubricant compositions may maintain total deposits less than 10 mg from TEOST MHT4 (ASTM D7097) in the presence of a depositor compound, wherein the depositor compound comprises about 0.01 wt % to about 15 wt % diethyl benzene or about 0.01 wt % to about 15 wt % mesitylene.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02D 19/12 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with non-fuel substances or with anti-knock agents, e.g. with anti-knock fuel
• C10M 107/02 - Hydrocarbon polymersHydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
• C10M 169/04 - Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
• C10N 30/10 - Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
• C10N 40/25 - Internal-combustion engines
• F02M 25/00 - Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture

Abstract

Methods for controlling molecular weight distribution of elastomer compositions and, in particular, an isobutylene-co-paramethylstyrene elastomer compositions, particularly for use in tire compositions such as innerliners. At least first and second isobutyl-co-paramethylstyrene compositions are blended together and the blended isobutyl-co-paramethylstyrene compositions have a blended molecular weight distribution of equal to or greater than about 2.5.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08L 23/22 - Copolymers of isobuteneButyl rubberHomopolymers or copolymers of other iso-olefins
• C08L 23/283 - Iso-olefin halogenated homopolymers or copolymers

Abstract

Methods of making molecular sieves of CON framework type using a 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octahydropyridazino[1,2-a]indazol-10-ium cation as structure directing agent are provided, including synthesis mixtures for forming such molecular sieves. Molecular sieve materials obtained by such methods and molecular sieve materials comprising said structure directing agent within their pore structure are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 39/48 - Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent

Abstract

Linear alpha olefins of carbon number 10 and heavier are upgraded over a solid acid catalyst in an oligomerization process followed by hydrogenation to provide hydrogenated oligomers having Group II+ and Group /III base stock properties for subsequent use in a lubricant formulations and other applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 50/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation of hydrocarbon oils for lubricating purposes
• B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
• C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
• C10M 107/10 - Hydrocarbon polymersHydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms

Abstract

The present disclosure provides methods of directing regeneration gas In some embodiments, a method includes providing a regeneration gas to an open loop regeneration system comprising a purification bed. The regeneration gas includes hydrogen. The regeneration gas is directed to the purification bed. The regeneration gas is directed from the purification bed to a gas unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 6/00 - Post-polymerisation treatments
• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• C08J 11/02 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of solvents, plasticisers or unreacted monomers
• C08F 2/34 - Polymerisation in gaseous state
• C08L 23/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bondCompositions of derivatives of such polymers

Abstract

The present disclosure provides methods of improved hydrocarbon recovery. In some embodiments, a method includes recovering a polyolefin product including one or more unreacted components from a polymerization reactor. The method includes contacting the polyolefin product with a purge gas to remove at least a portion of the unreacted components to produce (1 ) a polymer product having a. reduced concentration of unreacted components and (2) a purge gas vent stream enriched in unreacted components. The method includes directing the purge gas vent stream to a purge gas recovery unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 6/00 - Post-polymerisation treatments
• C08F 6/26 - Treatment of polymers prepared in bulk
• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• C08J 11/02 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of solvents, plasticisers or unreacted monomers
• C08F 210/14 - Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for separation of a high purity hydrogen stream from methane pyrolysis effluents when using a plurality of adsorbent beds. The methods can allow for increased recovery of hydrogen from the methane pyrolysis effluent while maintaining a target purity for the hydrogen product stream of 98.0 vol % or more.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids

Abstract

Ethylene copolymers, electronic device modules and methods for making same. The ethylene copolymers are at least 50 wt% ethylene derived units and at least 20 wt% of at least one C3 to C20 comonomer. The copolymers also have a melt index of 0.5 g/10 min to about 50 g/10 min, as measured according to ASTM D1238 (190°C/2.16 kg); density of about 0.856 g/cc to 0.890 g/cc, as measured according to ASTM D792; volume resistivity at 23°C of at least 5x1015 Ωcm; and 0.01 to 4.0 ppm by weight of aluminum.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 210/16 - Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
• C08J 5/18 - Manufacture of films or sheets
• C08F 4/659 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and control system for controlling a gas-phase polymerization process comprising a. gas-phase fluidized bed reactor, a production loop, and a recovery' loop. The process is controlled using a process simulation model of steady state operation of the process to produce a. simulated output comprising predicted values of the set of control parameters based on selected values of the set of manipulated parameters in parallel with a process optimizer to select values for a set of manipulated parameters that satisfies an objective function within the constraints of a. set of control parameters, which are functions of one or more manipulated parameters.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 2/34 - Polymerisation in gaseous state
• C08F 2/01 - Processes of polymerisation characterised by special features of the polymerisation apparatus used
• G05B 17/00 - Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems
• G05B 19/00 - Programme-control systems
• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond

Abstract

The systems and methods provided herein include supplying a. polymer product of a polymerization reactor to a purge bin, wherein the polymer product comprises one or more non-polymer components. The polymer product is transferred to a screener. A first non-polymer component content is determined at a first location using a first sensor. Tire first location is disposed on a first convey line downstream of the screener or is disposed on the screener. The polymer product is transferred to a feed bin. A non-polymer component is removed using a first recovery line disposed on or near the feed bin. A second non-polymer component content is determined at a second convey line using a second sensor. The second location is disposed on a second convey line downstream of the feed bin and upstream of an extruder.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 6/00 - Post-polymerisation treatments

Abstract

The present disclosure provides methods of recycling a purge gas vent stream. In some embodiments, a method includes introducing an ethylene monomer to a polymerization reactor. A catalyst is introduced to the polymerization reactor using a catalyst feed. The catalyst is introduced using a carrier gas. The ethylene monomer is polymerized in the presence of the catalyst to yield a polymer product and an unreacted components stream. The polymer product is separated from the unreacted components stream to form a polymer product and a purge gas vent stream. The purge gas vent stream including the one or more unreacted components. The polymer product is recovered, and the purge gas vent stream is recycled to be introduced with the catalyst to the polymerization reactor.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 6/00 - Post-polymerisation treatments
• C08F 10/02 - Ethene
• C08F 210/14 - Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms

Abstract

An aluminosilicate zeolite may have a molar ratio of Si to Al of about 3 to about 10, a monoclinic space group C2/m with unit cell dimensions of a of 13.6 Å+/−5%, b of 21.7 Å+/−5%, c of 6.7 Å+/−5%, and β of 93°+/−3°, 12-ring pores along a c-axis having dimensions of 7 Å+/−5% by 6 Å+/−5%, and 8-ring pores along an a-axis having dimensions of 3 Å+/−5% by 3 Å+/−5%. Said aluminosilicate zeolites may be useful in hydrocarbon conversion processes, selective catalytic reduction of NOx, CO2 and/or N2 adsorption, carbonylation reactions, and the monoalkylamine and dialkylamine syntheses.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 39/48 - Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
• B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
• C01B 39/02 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereofDirect preparation thereofPreparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactantsAfter-treatment thereof

Abstract

Embodiments described herein provide enhanced low-density hollow glass bead (HGB) fluids, as well as methods for utilizing such HGB fluids for wellbore drilling operations, completion operations, and workover operations. Such low-density HGB fluids include the following combination of constituents: a base oil, an oil viscosifying agent, HGBs at a concentration in a range between 20 vol % and 60 vol %, an organophilic clay, a clay activator, a surfactant, and (optionally) an H2S scavenger. Moreover, the low-density HGB fluids are suitable for use as lower-density cap fluids for pressurized mudcap drilling (PMCD) operations, alternative drilling fluids for managed pressure drilling (MPD) operations, alternative drilling fluids for conventional drilling operations corresponding to very-low-pressure or highly-depleted reservoirs, and/or lightweight fluids for wellbore workover operations.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/32 - Non-aqueous well-drilling compositions, e.g. oil-based
• C09K 8/03 - Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
• E21B 21/08 - Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure

Abstract

An apparatus and method for retrieving metal objects from wellbores are provided. An exemplary apparatus includes a fishing tool that has a metal welding surface. The apparatus also includes an electrode coupled to the metal welding surface and a power source. An exemplary method includes lowering a weld-based fishing tool into a wellbore of a well. The method includes initiating a welding to bond a weld-based fishing tool with a fish. The method includes raising the weld-based fishing tool from the wellbore to retrieve the fish.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 31/00 - Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells
• B23K 11/11 - Spot welding
• E21B 31/18 - Grappling tools, e.g. tongs or grabs gripping externally, e.g. overshot

Abstract

A method for switching from gas injection to water injection during water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection is provided to substantially prevent the formation of hydrates within the corresponding injection well. The method includes injecting gas into a fluid column of the injection well and injecting a gas-miscible organic solvent into the fluid column, forming a gas-miscible organic solvent layer within the fluid column. The method also includes injecting methanol into the fluid column, forming a methanol layer within the fluid column that remains gravity stable above the gas-miscible organic solvent layer. The method further includes injecting water into the fluid column, where the water remains separated from the gas as a result of the gas-miscible organic solvent layer and the methanol layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons

Abstract

A methodology for optimizing the recovery from a system of wells is provided. The method is executed via a processor of a computing system. The method includes receiving input data for a system of wells. The method also further includes predicting, via a trained virtual flow meter, virtual flow rates for the system of wells for a scenario using a predicted pressure and temperature for the scenario. The predicted pressure and temperature are generated based on the input data. The method includes generating a production optimization recommendation based on the predicted virtual flow rates and a received rule for the system of wells. The method includes adjusting a manipulative parameter of a well in the system of wells based on production optimization recommendation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
• E21B 41/00 - Equipment or details not covered by groups
• E21B 47/00 - Survey of boreholes or wells
• G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators

Abstract

A method for classifying the root cause of sub-optimal production performance for hydrocarbon wells includes, for each of multiple wells: determining the expected production performance of the well during multiple units of time via performance forecasting; determining the actual production performance of the well during each unit of time based on measured production data; determining a performance delta value for each unit of time by subtracting the actual production performance from the expected production performance; and determining a volatility in the performance delta values using a statistical metric. The method also includes generating a scatter plot representing production performances of the wells. The scatter plot includes the volatility in the performance delta values for each well versus the most recent performance delta value for the well. The method further includes classifying the root cause of the sub-optimal production performances of the wells based on quadrants of the scatter plot.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06Q 10/0639 - Performance analysis of employeesPerformance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
• G06Q 50/02 - AgricultureFishingForestryMining
• G06T 11/20 - Drawing from basic elements, e.g. lines or circles

Abstract

An anchor system includes an anchor head made of a non-metallic material and including a main body, a plurality of legs extending radially outward from the main body, and a stem extending from the main body. A stud base is made of a metallic material and defines a hole sized to receive the stem.

IPC Classes  ?

• F27D 1/10 - Monolithic liningsSupports therefor

Abstract

A method may include: obtaining two or more density measurements at two or more heights above a fluidized bed within a fluidized bed reactor, calculating an exponential decay constant using the two or more density measurements at the two or more heights; calculating an entrainment density using a reflux density model which has an input of the exponential decay constant; calculating an entrainment flux using an entrainment flux model which has an input of the entrainment density; and adjusting at least one operating parameter of the fluidized bed reactor in response to the calculated entrainment flux.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
• B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
• B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
• C08F 2/34 - Polymerisation in gaseous state

Abstract

In some embodiments, a compound is represented by Formula (I) wherein; M is a metal of groups 3-5; T is a bridging group; each of X1and X2is independently a univalent anionic ligand, or X1and X2are joined to form a metallocycle ring; R1, R2, R3, and R41 66 hydrocarbyl group and, optionally, any adjacent R1, R2, R3and R4can be joined to form a cyclic structure; R512020 hydrocarbyl group; R6and R812020 hydrocarbyl group; R7is a substituted aryl group, unsubstituted naphthyl, unsubstituted anthracenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group; and R9and R1012020 hydrocarbyl group.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 17/00 - Metallocenes
• C08F 4/659 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond
• C08F 110/06 - Propene

Abstract

in situin situ on the support material from a trialkylaluminum compound and water in the absence of an aromatic solvent, such as toluene, and a metallocene having C1 symmetry and comprising a Group 4 metal. To form the catalyst systems, a support material may be slurried in an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of water and contacted with a trialkylaluminum compound to form a supported activator, and contacting the supported activator with a metallocene having C1 symmetry and comprising a Group 4 metal.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 4/659 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond
• C08F 110/06 - Propene
• C08F 4/6592 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring

Abstract

Branched polypropylene copolymers may be prepared using dianionic complexes having 8-membered chelate rings. Methods for forming branched polypropylene copolymers may comprise: exposing a) propylene and b) a a,w-diene to polymerization reaction conditions in the presence of a polymerization catalyst system and optionally hydrogen; wherein the polymerization catalyst system comprises a support material, a dianionic complex of a Group 3-6 metal disposed upon the support material, and an activator for the dianionic complex disposed upon the support material; wherein the dianionic complex comprises two eight-membered chelate rings containing the Group 3-6 metal; and forming a branched polypropylene copolymer having long-chain branching under the polymerization reaction conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 210/06 - Propene
• C08F 4/64 - Titanium, zirconium, hafnium, or compounds thereof
• C08F 4/659 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond

Abstract

Pitch compositions having controlled pitch composition properties and methods for their production and use. Pitch properties are predicted based on infrared structural parameters and two or more pitch compositions may be blended to achieve desired pitch properties, including softening point, microcarbon residue, hydrogen to carbon ratio, and percent pitch volatiles. Predicting these properties can aid in, among other things, end-use optimization of the production of spinnable pitches for carbon fibers, mesocarbon microbeads, matrixes for carbon/carbon composites, and other pitch-derived carbon products.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10C 3/00 - Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
• D01F 9/145 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from pitch or distillation residues

Abstract

Provided herein is a method for generating a methyl-branched paraffin stream. The method that includes contacting a linear olefin feed stream with hydrogen in the presence of one or more bi-functional supported catalyst comprising a solid acid component and a hydrogenation component, the contacting taking place under conditions to catalytically isomerize the linear olefin feed stream into an intermediate stream comprising one or more branched olefins, wherein the linear olefin feed stream comprises an average carbon (C#) number that is between 18 and 26. Further, the method includes hydrogenating the one or more branched olefins to form an isoparaffin product comprising one or more methyl and ethyl -branched branched paraffins.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 5/13 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation with simultaneous isomerisation
• C07C 9/22 - Acyclic saturated hydrocarbons with more than fifteen carbon atoms
• C09K 5/10 - Liquid materials

Abstract

Methods and systems for remediating filtercake buildup in a subsea injection well are provided herein. An exemplary method includes injecting a chemical solution into a riser tie-in connection using a chemical injection pump downstream of a water injection pump of an offshore production facility. The exemplary method also includes pumping, with the chemical injection pump, a portion of the chemical solution through a riser connected to the riser tie-in connection and to an injector region of an injection well connected to the riser. The injector region is in fluid communication with filtercake that is impairing the injector region. Further, the portion of the chemical solution is in contact with the filtercake. The exemplary method includes waiting at least a remediation time for the filtercake to be in contact with the chemical solution to cause remediation in the impairing of the injector region.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 8/52 - Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
• E21B 37/06 - Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells using chemical means for preventing or limiting the deposition of paraffins or like substances

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to support-bound activators, supported catalyst systems, and processes for use thereof. In some embodiments, a modified support material includes a support material particle having surface oxygen atoms and a capping agent coupled with the surface oxygen atoms. The capping agent includes aluminum coupled with the surface oxygen atoms and having a haloaryl substituent. The capping agent has a cationic group.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 7/00 - Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
• C08F 4/659 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond
• C08F 4/02 - Carriers therefor
• C08F 10/06 - Propene
• C08F 110/06 - Propene
• C07C 211/48 - N-alkylated amines

Abstract

2420320242020 alpha olefin to second polymerization reaction conditions in the presence of a second polymerization catalyst and optionally hydrogen to form an impact copolymer comprising a copolymer phase dispersed within the matrix polypropylene; wherein the second polymerization reaction conditions comprise gas-phase polymerization reaction conditions, and the second polymerization catalyst comprises a dianionic complex of a Group 3-6 metal, the dianionic complex omprising two eight-membered chelate rings containing the Group 3-6 metal.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 210/06 - Propene
• C08F 2/00 - Processes of polymerisation
• C08L 23/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
• C08F 4/64 - Titanium, zirconium, hafnium, or compounds thereof
• C08F 4/659 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond
• C08F 4/6592 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring

Abstract

2420320242020 alpha olefin and optionally a diene monomer to second polymerization reaction conditions in the presence of a second polymerization catalyst and optionally hydrogen to form an impact copolymer comprising a copolymer phase dispersed within the matrix polypropylene. The second polymerization reaction conditions comprise gas-phase polymerization reaction conditions, and the second polymerization catalyst comprises a C1 symmetric metallocene comprising a Group 4-6 metal.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 210/06 - Propene
• C08F 2/00 - Processes of polymerisation
• C08L 23/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
• C08F 4/6592 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring

Abstract

An apparatus may include: a reactor including: a distributor plate, a reactor neck: a reactor straight section having a height H defined from the distributor plate to the reactor neck; a liquid disposed above the distributor plate and having a liquid height; and a fluidized bed comprising electrically insulating granules; and a. product offload line fluidically connected to the reactor and a product discharge tank, wherein the product offload line is configured to discharge the electrically insulating granules to the product discharge tank and wherein the product offload line is positioned on the reactor straight section at a height within a range from greater than 5% to about 95% of height H.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
• C08F 2/01 - Processes of polymerisation characterised by special features of the polymerisation apparatus used
• C08F 2/34 - Polymerisation in gaseous state
• B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus

Abstract

Subterranean gas capture wellbores are used to capture lost produced gas. Produced gas can be injected into a subterranean for gas enhanced hydrocarbon recovery and rise in the subterranean formation toward a production wellbore. A first portion is effective for enhanced hydrocarbon recovery and a second portion rises past the production wellbore to become the lost produced gas that is converted to captured produced gas in the subterranean gas capture wellbore. The captured produced gas can then flow in the subterranean gas capture wellbore to the surface for recovery.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
• E21B 43/14 - Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
• E21B 43/26 - Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures

Abstract

122 reactivity ratio of the propylene-based copolymer is greater than or equal to 2.0, and the propylene-based copolymer includes an ethylene content greater than approximately 2.5 weight percent (wt.%).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 210/06 - Propene
• C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof

Abstract

In some embodiments a process includes introducing an aqueous solution to a first hydrocarbon solvent to form an emulsion, wherein the aqueous solution comprises an oxidizing agent containing solution and a surfactant containing solution. The process further includes introducing a cement to the emulsion to form a first mixture within a reactor, wherein the cement comprises a butyl rubber elastomer and a second hydrocarbon solvent that is the same as or different than the first hydrocarbon solvent. The process futher includes introducing a halogen source to the first mixture contained within the reactor to form a second mixture comprising a halobutyl rubber elastomer. The process further includes introducing a neutralizing agent with the second mixture to form a third mixture. The process further includes isolating the halobutyl rubber elastomer from the third mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 8/20 - Halogenation

Abstract

Propylene based thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) resins produced from a mixture comprising ethylene monomers and propylene monomers are capable of incorporation within expanded bead foam applications including high melt strength and high stiffness with beneficial mechanical properties. The propylene polymer resins exhibit a flexural modulus between 500 MPa and 1100 MPa, indicating high mechanical properties. The propylene polymer resins with melting temperatures less than 140°C are significantly different than certain resins, making these resins particularly suitable for expanded bead foam applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 210/06 - Propene
• C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for low temperature separation of sweep gas from desorbed components. This can allow for performance of sorption/desorption cycles at reduced temperatures and/or pressures. Methanol is an example of a sweep gas that can be used for desorption at reduced temperatures. CO2 is an example of a component that can be sorbed and desorbed using a sorption/desorption cycle with reduced temperatures and/or pressures.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents

Abstract

Processes and systems for upgrading hydrocarbon(s). In some embodiments, the process can include feeding molecular hydrogen, a utility fluid, and a hydrocarbon feed that includes a Group I lube extract into a first hydroprocessing stage. The process can also include hydroprocessing in the first hydroprocessing stage to produce a first hydroprocessed effluent. The process can also include separating from the first hydroprocessed effluent a mid-cut product and a bottoms product. The process can also include feeding molecular hydrogen and at least a portion of the bottoms product into a second hydroprocessing stage. The process can also include hydroprocessing in the second hydroprocessing stage to produce a second hydroprocessed effluent. The process can also include recycling at least a portion of the midcut product to the first hydroprocessing stage as at least a portion of the utility fluid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
• C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
• C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
• C10M 101/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil

Abstract

In some embodiments a process includes introducing an aqueous solution to a first hydrocarbon solvent to form an emulsion, wherein the aqueous solution comprises an oxidizing agent containing solution and a surfactant containing solution. The process further includes introducing a cement to the emulsion to form a first mixture within a reactor, wherein the cement comprises a butyl rubber elastomer and a second hydrocarbon solvent that is the same as or different than the first hydrocarbon solvent. The process further includes introducing a halogen source to the first mixture contained within the reactor to form a second mixture comprising a halobutyl rubber elastomer. The process further includes introducing a neutralizing agent with the second mixture to form a third mixture. The process further includes isolating the halobutyl rubber elastomer from the third mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08C 19/14 - Incorporating halogen atoms into the molecule by reaction with halogens
• C08C 19/16 - Incorporating halogen atoms into the molecule by reaction with hydrogen halides

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for using chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation (CLODH) to convert alkanes, such as propane, into alkenes, such as propene. The chemical looping is performed in the presence of an oxygen carrier that includes a substantial metal vanadate phase that allows for improved conversion of alkane. Depending on the aspect, the improved conversion can correspond to an improved amount of conversion per pass during reaction, an improved selectivity for forming alkene from alkane, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, additional advantages can be provided when the metal vanadate corresponds to a Group 2 metal vanadate, such as a magnesium vanadate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 11/06 - Propene
• B01J 21/00 - Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
• C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
• B01J 32/00 - Catalyst carriers in general

Abstract

A marine fuel or fuel blending composition that includes a renewable component that can be blended into heavy residual fuel oil or marine gasoil to meet statutory limits for sulfur. The renewable component may comprise biodiesel distillation tower bottoms and/or renewable diesel comprising at least 70% n-paraffins. The marine fuel composition may also include a biodiesel. Alternatively, the renewable component may comprise unrefined biodiesel, wherein the unrefined biodiesel has been separated to remove glycerol but has not been subject to further upgrading or purification. The marine fuel composition may also exhibit increased solvency.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 1/12 - Inorganic compounds

Abstract

A fluid coker reactor may be heated with minimal combustion of coke. As an example, a method of heating coke in a fluid coker may include: providing a fluid coker reactor; reacting heavy oil feedstock in a coking zone of the fluid coker reactor to form a vapor phase and hot coke; stripping at least a portion of hydrocarbons that adhere to the hot coke in a stripping zone located in a lower portion of the fluid coker reactor; scrubbing the vapor phase from the fluid coker reactor in a scrubber; and heating the hot coke in a heater, wherein the heater receives the hot coke from the fluid coker reactor, wherein the heater heats the hot coke without substantially combusting the hot coke, and wherein the heater produces a coke product.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10B 55/10 - Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar or the like, or mixtures thereof, with solid carbonaceous materials with solid materials with moving solid materials in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique

Abstract

Polymer composites containing carbon nanotubes may be produced without de-agglomerating the carbon nanotubes prior to blending the carbon nanotubes with a polymer matrix. The polymer composites may comprise a polymer matrix comprising at least one polymer, and a plurality of carbon nanotubes dispersed in the polymer matrix, in which the carbon nanotubes comprise a plurality of carbon nanotube bundles that have not been de-agglomerated prior to dispersal in the polymer matrix. The carbon nanotubes may be produced by a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition process. The polymer matrix may be a polyolefin matrix comprising at least one polyolefin.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08K 3/04 - Carbon
• B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites

Abstract

BETBET) of at least about 1000 m2/g and a nitrogen content of at least 1 at%; ii) contacting the hydrocarbon gas mixture with the N-doped activated carbon adsorbent to at least partially remove the C2 and/or heavier hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon gas mixture to produce a methane-rich product stream and a C2 and/or heavier hydrocarbon-loaded adsorbent; and iii) recovering at least part of the C2 and/or heavier hydrocarbons from the C2 and/or heavier hydrocarbon-loaded adsorbent to produce a C2 and/or heavier hydrocarbon-rich stream and an at least partially regenerated adsorbent.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 3/34 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• C07C 7/12 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers

Abstract

A method for using a saturated paraffinic process oil may include: curing an ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) composition to form an EPDM article, wherein the EPDM composition comprises EPDM rubber and a saturated paraffinic process oil, wherein the saturated paraffinic process oil comprises: a kinematic viscosity at 100 °C in a range of 14 cSt to 45 cSt; a sulfur content of less than 0.03 wt.%; a saturates content of at least 90 wt.%; a T5 distillation point of at least 480 °C; an aniline point in a range of about 130 °C to about 150 °C; a refractive index at 20 °C in a range of 1.460 - 1.490; and a sum of terminal/pendant propyl groups and terminal/pendant ethyl groups of at least 1.7 per 100 carbon atoms of the composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08L 23/16 - Ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers
• C08L 91/00 - Compositions of oils, fats or waxesCompositions of derivatives thereof

Abstract

Methods for managing pressure buildup within components of subsea production equipment using compressible particles are provided herein. An exemplary method includes positioning compressible particles within a fluid-filled closed volume defined within a component of subsea production equipment such that an increase in fluid pressure within the fluid-filled closed volume is attenuated by reversible volumetric contraction of the compressible particles.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 43/01 - Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
• C09K 8/44 - Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholesCompositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing organic binders only
• E21B 33/035 - Well headsSetting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for using chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation (CLODH) to convert alkanes, such as propane, into alkenes, such as propene. The chemical looping is performed in the presence of an oxygen carrier that includes a substantial metal vanadate phase that allows for improved conversion of alkane. Depending on the aspect, the improved conversion can correspond to an improved amount of conversion per pass during reaction, an improved selectivity for forming alkene from alkane, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, additional advantages can be provided when the metal vanadate corresponds to a Group 2 metal vanadate, such as a magnesium vanadate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 5/42 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor

Abstract

A method for using a saturated paraffinic process oil may include: curing an ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) composition to form an EPDM article, wherein the EPDM composition comprises EPDM rubber and a saturated paraffinic process oil, wherein the saturated paraffinic process oil comprises: a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in a range of 14 cSt to 45 cSt; a sulfur content of less than 0.03 wt. %; a saturates content of at least 90 wt. %; a T5 distillation point of at least 480° C.; an aniline point in a range of about 130° C. to about 150° C.; a refractive index at 20° C. in a range of 1.460-1.490; and a sum of terminal/pendant propyl groups and terminal/pendant ethyl groups of at least 1.7 per 100 carbon atoms of the composition

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 236/04 - Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
• C08F 236/20 - Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds unconjugated
• C08K 5/01 - Hydrocarbons

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to extrusion processes. In at least one embodiment, a method of forming a functionalized polymer includes introducing a polymer and a coupling agent to an extruder at a feed throat of the extruder. The method includes extruding the polymer and the coupling agent through at least a portion of the extruder via a plurality of intermeshing screws disposed within the extruder to form the functionalized polymer. The at least one screw of the plurality of intermeshing screws has a first mixing zone having a total length of about 4 L/D to about 6 L/D, a second mixing zone having a total length of 2.5 L/D to 3.5 L/D, and a third mixing zone having a total length of about 2.5 L/D to about 4.5 L/D.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29B 7/48 - MixingKneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
• B29K 21/00 - Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
• B29K 105/00 - Condition, form or state of moulded material
• C08J 3/22 - Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques

Abstract

Polymerization methods may comprise introducing a catalyst slurry comprising a supported catalyst to a line in fluid communication with a mixing unit; introducing a catalyst solution to the mixing unit via a pressurizable fluid distribution system comprising a first pressure vessel and a second pressure vessel in parallel to each other and in fluid communication with the mixing unit, the first pressure vessel operating in an online mode while the second pressure vessel is in an offline mode; at least partially filling the first pressure vessel with a first portion of the catalyst solution; pressurizing the first pressure vessel to deliver the first portion of the catalyst solution to the mixing unit; contacting the catalyst slurry with the catalyst solution in the line or in the mixing unit to obtain a modified catalyst slurry; feeding the modified catalyst slurry to a polymerization reactor; and polymerizing to obtain a polyolefin.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 4/02 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices for feeding measured quantities of reagents
• B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• B01J 3/03 - Pressure vessels, or vacuum vessels, having closure members or seals specially adapted therefor
• B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
• C08F 4/659 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond

Abstract

Methods of repairing a flexible pipe include securing a composite tape to a surface of an outer sheath using a structural adhesive, the composite tape forming a composite repair over a rupture in the outer sheath; and immobilizing the composite tape at the ends of the wrapped portion with a securing device. Methods of repairing a flexible pipe include applying a structural adhesive to a composite tape; and securing to composite tape to an outer sheath of the flexible pipe, the composite tape forming a composite repair over a rupture in the outer sheath. Systems include a flexible pipe; a composite repair sealing a rupture in an outer sheath of the flexible pipe, the composite repair including a composite tape wrapped helically around the flexible pipe, and a structural adhesive securing the composite tape to the flexible pipe.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16L 55/168 - Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from outside the pipe
• B29C 63/10 - Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plasticsApparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically around tubular articles
• F16L 11/08 - Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall

Abstract

A method for forming carbon nanotubes may include: volatilizing a metal alloy in a plasma to form an active catalyst; flowing the active catalyst and a carbon source into a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition reactor; and pyrolyzing at least a portion of the carbon source on the active catalyst in a pyrolysis zone in the floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition reactor to form carbon nanotubes on the active catalyst.

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for forming soft asphalt compositions with improved properties that are derived from distillation of a crude oil (or mixture of crude oils) having an API gravity of 24° or less. In order to form a target asphalt composition from a feedstock having an API gravity of 24° or less, a distillation is performed where at least two fractions are generated that have a T10 distillation point of 430° C. or more. A first fraction can correspond to a distillate fraction having a T10 distillation 2021em165-usoint of 430° C. or more. A second fraction can correspond to a bottoms fraction. Disproportionate blending can then be used to combine a portion of the first fraction with a portion of the second fraction. By using disproportionate blending of a distillate fraction and a bottoms fraction, an asphalt product fraction can be formed that has both a flash point of 270° C. or more and a KV100 between roughly 700 cSt and 1200 cSt.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10C 3/06 - Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by distillation

Abstract

22 sorption / desorption with improved stability of the organosilica sorbent material are also provided. The improved stability is achieved in part by using amine-functionalized organosilica materials where the amine-functionalization is provided by functional groups that include primary amines but do not include secondary amines. Still further improvements in stability can be achieved when the functionalization is provided by a functional group that includes a primary amine while also not having any hydrogens on a carbon atom that is in the beta position relative to the primary amine.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/26 - Synthetic macromolecular compounds
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties

Abstract

22 in the anode effluent while still maintaining operation of the cell within conventional operation boundaries, such as having a temperature differential between the cathode input flow and the cathode effluent of 35°C or more, with the cathode effluent being hotter than the cathode input flow. This temperature differential between the cathode input flow and the cathode effluent while still producing excess hydrogen is achieved in part by a) passing an input flow containing hydrocarbons and/or reformable fuel into an external reformer, b) reforming 20 vol% or more of the hydrocarbons and/or reformable fuel in the external reformer prior to c) passing the partially reformed input flow into a fuel cell or fuel cell stack where additional reforming is performed in the anode(s) and/or in a reforming element in the fuel cell stack.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
• H01M 8/0637 - Direct internal reforming at the anode of the fuel cell
• H01M 8/14 - Fuel cells with fused electrolytes

Abstract

Advantaged separation of xylene isomers may be realized by separating o-xylene and other components, such as styrene, from an aromatic hydrocarbon mixture comprising m-xylene and p-xylene. Separation of xylene isomers may comprise: providing an aromatic hydrocarbon mixture comprising at least o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene; separating the aromatic hydrocarbon mixture into a first stream enriched in o-xylene and lean in m-xylene and p-xylene relative to the aromatic hydrocarbon mixture, and a second stream enriched in m-xylene and p-xylene and lean in o-xylene relative to the aromatic hydrocarbon mixture; and separating the second stream into a third stream enriched in p-xylene and lean in m-xylene relative to the second stream and a fourth stream comprising m-xylene.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation
• C07C 2/66 - Catalytic processes
• C07C 7/12 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for operating molten carbonate fuel cells to produce increased amounts of H2 in the anode effluent while still maintaining operation of the cell within conventional operation boundaries, such as having a temperature differential between the cathode input flow and the cathode effluent of 35° C. or more, with the cathode effluent being hotter than the cathode input flow. This temperature differential between the cathode input flow and the cathode effluent while still producing excess hydrogen is achieved in part by a) passing an input flow containing hydrocarbons and/or reformable fuel into an external reformer, b) reforming 20 vol % or more of the hydrocarbons and/or reformable fuel in the external reformer prior to c) passing the partially reformed input flow into a fuel cell or fuel cell stack where additional reforming is performed in the anode(s) and/or in a reforming element in the fuel cell stack.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
• H01M 8/04014 - Heat exchange using gaseous fluidsHeat exchange by combustion of reactants
• H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
• H01M 8/04701 - Temperature
• H01M 8/04746 - PressureFlow
• H01M 8/14 - Fuel cells with fused electrolytes

Abstract

An electric submersible pump (ESP) system is described herein. The ESP system includes a pump and a motor connected to drive the pump. The pump and motor are disposed to pump fluid into production tubing in a wellbore. A connector is in fluid communication with the production tubing and the connector contains a receptacle to receive a plug. A fixed power cable section is connected at a first end to power the motor. The fixed power cable section is fixedly connected at a second end to the receptacle of the connector. Also included in the ESP system is an ESP power cable that extends through the production tubing to an ESP surface unit. The ESP power cable includes a removable plug to engage the receptacle of the connector.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 17/02 - CouplingsJoints
• E21B 43/12 - Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
• F04B 17/03 - Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
• F04B 19/04 - Pumps for special use
• F04B 23/00 - Pumping installations or systems
• F04B 47/06 - Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps having motor-pump units situated at great depth

Abstract

Bicomponent carbon fibers may comprise an inner region that is at least partially surrounded by an outer sheath, each comprising at least one carbonized pitch. The inner region comprises 70 wt % or greater mesophase pitch that has been carbonized, and the outer sheath comprises up to 70 wt % mesophase pitch that has been carbonized. An amount of mesophase pitch in the outer sheath is lower than in the inner region. The bicomponent carbon fibers may be formed by extrusion of first and second pitch compositions having the requisite amounts of mesophase pitch, followed by carbonization.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 8/18 - Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, man-made filaments or the likeManufacture thereof from other substances
• D01F 9/145 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from pitch or distillation residues

Abstract

Compositions corresponding to amine-functionalized organosilica materials are provided, along with methods of making such materials and methods of using such materials. The amine-functionalized organosilica materials are formed in part by using a single step synthesis process based on condensation of an alkoxy-substituted cyclic organosilane precursor in the presence of an aminosilane precursor so that an amine-functionalized polymer is formed. An acyclic alkoxy silane compound can also be used during the condensation to provide a secondary monomer that facilitates formation of the gel. The amine-functionalized organosilica materials are also formed in part by using at least one of a supercritical drying process and a freeze drying process. By using a supercritical drying process and/or a freeze drying process, an amine-functionalized organosilica material can be formed that has improved properties for sorption of CO2.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/26 - Synthetic macromolecular compounds
• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating

Abstract

Amine-functionalized organosilica materials are provided that have improved stability when exposed to oxidizing/oxygen-containing environments during cycling of temperature, such as the cycling of temperature that occurs when using a material as a sorbent during successive adsorption/desorption cycles. Methods of performing CO2 sorption/desorption with improved stability of the organosilica sorbent material are also provided. The improved stability is achieved in part by using amine-functionalized organosilica materials where the amine-functionalization is provided by functional groups that include primary amines but do not include secondary amines. Still further improvements in stability can be achieved when the functionalization is provided by a functional group that includes a primary amine while also not having any hydrogens on a carbon atom that is in the beta position relative to the primary amine.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• B01J 20/26 - Synthetic macromolecular compounds

Abstract

In some embodiments, a compound is represented by Formula (I) wherein; each of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9.and R10is independently hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted or unsubstituted heteroatom, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroatom-containing group, or one or more of R1and R2, R2and R3,R3and R4, R5and R6, R7and R8, R8and R9, or R9and R10are joined to form a substituted or unsubstituted completely saturated ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; each of R11. R13, R15, and R17is independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl. Each of R12, R14, R16, and R18, if present, is independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl. The 5-membered metallocyclic ring of Formula (I) can optionally have one or two carbon-carbon double bonds such that two or more of R12, R14, R16, or R18 are not present.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 17/00 - Metallocenes
• C08F 4/659 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond
• C08F 110/06 - Propene
• C08F 210/14 - Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms
• C08F 210/16 - Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers

Abstract

Methods are provided for making amine-functionalized organosilica materials that include additional amine functionalities that are grafted to the composition after the initial synthesis. Methods of using such materials are also provided. It has been discovered that additional aminosilyl groups can be grafted onto amine-functionalized organosilica materials under conditions that substantially preserve the original CO2 sorption capacity of the underlying organosilica material prior to grafting. This allows the additional amines in the grafted aminosilyl groups to increase the net capacity of the grafted material, as opposed to primarily replacing the original CO2 sorption capacity with the sorption capacity of the grafted amine functionalities.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/32 - Impregnating or coating
• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• B01J 20/26 - Synthetic macromolecular compounds
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties

Abstract

Thermal imaging may be used for obtaining measurements of a tribological testing apparatus including a contact temperature. For example a method of calculating a contact temperature may include: introducing a testing sample into a contact zone of a tribological testing apparatus; engaging a testing operation of the tribological testing apparatus; measuring a contact emission of a testing surface of the tribological testing apparatus with an infrared camera; and calculating a contact temperature of the testing sample in the contact zone from the contact emission; wherein the tribological testing apparatus has a carbon coating on the testing surface of the contact zone, wherein the carbon coating has a first infrared emissivity, wherein the testing sample has a second infrared emissivity, and wherein the first infrared emissivity is within +/−20% of the second infrared emissivity.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 19/02 - Measuring coefficient of friction between materials

Abstract

Disclosed herein are a variety of systems, compositions, and methods for reversibly storing electrical energy in a redox flow battery with a unit cell potential equal to or greater than 3.5 volts. The systems include a positive section, a negative section, and an electroactive bipolar redox molecule comprising an anolyte moiety and a catholyte moiety separated by a non-conjugating insulating linker. The catholyte moiety comprises para-dimethoxybenzene and the non-conjugating insulating linker comprises at least two -CX2 linkers, wherein X comprises at least one atom selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and heteroatoms. The positive section comprises a first metal electrode in contact with the electroactive bipolar redox molecule and a supporting electrolyte dissolved in a solvent. The negative section comprises a second metal electrode in contact with the electroactive bipolar redox molecule and additional electrolyte dissolved in additional solvent.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/04186 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
• H01M 8/18 - Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of making crystalline materials of *BEA framework type. The present disclosure also relates to crystalline materials of *BEA framework type obtainable by said method and uses thereof. The method of making includes using 1,1-(pentane-1,5-diyl)bis(1-propylpyrrolidinium) dication as a structure directing agent for forming the crystalline materials of *BEA framework type.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 39/48 - Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
• B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups

Abstract

Provided herein is a method for purifying isopropanol, comprising (a) providing a feed comprising at least 99.0 wt% isopropanol; and (b) subjecting said feed to two or more distillation steps, including a higher-pressure distillation at a pressure of at least 6 bar; and a 5 lower-pressure distillation at a pressure below bar; thereby obtaining purified isopropanol.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 29/80 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by distillation
• C07C 31/10 - Monohydroxylic acyclic alcohols containing three carbon atoms

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of making crystalline materials of *BEA framework type. The present disclosure also relates to crystalline materials of *BEA framework type obtainable by said method and uses thereof. The method of making includes using 1,1-(pentane-1,5-diyl)bis(1-propylpyrrolidinium) dication as a structure directing agent for forming the crystalline materials of *BEA framework type.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 39/48 - Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent

Abstract

A method involves storing gas in a subsurface region of a hydrocarbon reservoir. The method includes injecting a barrier forming solution into the subsurface region. The method also includes injecting a driving solution into the subsurface region. The driving solution drives the barrier-forming solution to form a low permeability barrier bounded on the top by caprock. The method further includes injecting a gas into the subsurface region. The gas is stored under the caprock and within a gas storage region formed by the low permeability barrier.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 41/00 - Equipment or details not covered by groups
• B65G 5/00 - Storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers in the earth

Abstract

Olefinic naphtha compositions are provided that can be incorporated into naphtha boiling range fuel products, such as gasolines. The olefinic naphtha compositions can be formed as part of a process for oligomerization of olefins to form jet boiling range compounds. It has been unexpectedly discovered that olefinic naphtha formed from such an oligomerization process can be used to form naphtha and/or gasoline blends that have reduced aromatics content while maintaining volumetric energy density and maintaining or increasing octane rating (RON and/or MON).

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition

Abstract

A variety of methods, systems, and compositions are disclosed, including, in one embodiment, an additive manufacturing composition comprising an Fe—Cr—Ni alloy and a niobium-absorption element, wherein the Fe—Cr—Ni alloy has a niobium content of about 0.5% to about 5% by weight, wherein the niobium-absorption element forms a precipitate with niobium.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/165 - Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
• B29C 64/176 - Processes of additive manufacturing specially adapted for manufacturing multiple 3D objects sequentially
• B29C 64/205 - Means for applying layers

Abstract

A variety of methods, systems, and compositions are disclosed, including, in one embodiment, an additive manufacturing composition comprising an Fe-Cr-Ni alloy and a niobium-absorption element, wherein the Fe-Cr-Ni alloy has a niobium content of about 0.5% to about 5% by weight, wherein the niobium-absorption element forms a precipitate with niobium.

IPC Classes  ?

• B22F 10/25 - Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
• B22F 10/28 - Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
• B22F 10/38 - Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
• C22C 1/04 - Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
• C22C 19/05 - Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
• C22C 33/02 - Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
• C22C 38/48 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
• B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
• B22F 10/32 - Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
• B22F 12/52 - Hoppers
• B22F 12/55 - Two or more means for feeding material
• B22F 12/58 - Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads for changing the material composition, e.g. by mixing
• B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
• B33Y 50/02 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Abstract

Methods for forming thermally equilibrated liquefied gas mixtures may comprise: obtaining boil-off gas from a liquefied gas mixture comprising a first hydrocarbon and one or more second hydrocarbons; discharging the first hydrocarbon in liquefied form from a first reservoir and the one or more additional hydrocarbons in liquefied form from one or more second reservoirs at a mixing ratio sufficient to maintain the liquefied gas mixture at one or more specified physical parameters once blended therewith; performing indirect heat exchange between at least a portion of the boil-off gas and the one or more additional hydrocarbons discharged from the one or more second reservoirs until the one or more additional hydrocarbons are in thermal equilibrium with the boil-off gas; and combining the one or more additional hydrocarbons with the first hydrocarbon to form a thermally equilibrated liquefied hydrocarbon blend that is supplied to the liquefied gas mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 3/12 - Liquefied petroleum gas

Abstract

High molecular weight elastomers, such as ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) polymers, are conventionally formulated with a post-polymerization oil extension to mitigate their high Mooney viscosity. Post-polymerization oil extension adds to processing costs and precludes use of polymerization facilities lacking oil extension capabilities. A low molecular weight polymer may be co-produced with a high molecular weight elastomer containing the same monomers, where the low molecular weight polymer may function in place of conventional oil extension. Polymerization methods may form a polyolefin blend comprising first and second polyolefins having a bimodal molecular weight distribution.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 210/18 - Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers with non-conjugated dienes, e.g. EPT rubbers
• C08F 4/64 - Titanium, zirconium, hafnium, or compounds thereof
• C08F 4/6592 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
• C08F 210/16 - Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for conversion of ethylene-containing feeds to fuels boiling range compounds, such as jet boiling range compounds. It has unexpectedly been discovered that improved conversion of ethylene-containing feeds can be achieved in a single stage at temperatures of 250°C or less using a MWW framework catalyst that is substantially free of supported metals.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 50/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation
• B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
• C07C 2/12 - Catalytic processes with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
• C07C 2/24 - Catalytic processes with metals
• C07C 11/04 - Ethene

Abstract

Processes for making propylene-based copolymers having broad molecular weight distributions and broad comonomer distributions using a single tubular reactor. Processes for making a propylene-based copolymer can include introducing propylene and at least one other olefin comonomer to a tubular reactor to produce a propylene-based copolymer having a broad comonomer distribution, a Mw of about 10 kg/mol to about 2.000 kg/mol, and a MWD of about 2.0 to about 10.0. The tubular reactor can include one or more heat exchanger elements, preferably a spiral heat exchanger. Propylene-based copolymer compositions can include propylene derived units and at least one other comonomer derived units, wherein the copolymer compositions have a broad comonomer distribution, a Mw of about 10 kg/mol to about 2.000 kg/mol, and a MWD of about 2.0 to about 10.0. Such compositions can have broad orthogonal comonomer distributions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 10/06 - Propene

Abstract

A method for producing a blended jet boiling range composition stream may include: oligomerizing an ethylene stream to a C4+ olefin stream in a first olefin oligomerization unit, wherein the C4+ olefin stream contains no greater than 10 wt % of methane, ethylene, and ethane combined; wherein the ethylene stream contains at least 50 wt % ethylene, at least 2000 wppm ethane, no greater than 1000 wppm of methane, and no greater than 20 wppm each of carbon monoxide and hydrogen; oligomerizing the C4+ olefin stream and a propylene/C4+ olefin stream in a second oligomerization unit to produce an isoolefinic stream; subjecting at least a portion of the isoolefinic stream to a hydroprocessing process with hydrogen as treat gas to produce an isoparaffinic stream having no greater than 10 wt % olefin content; and using least a portion of the isoparaffinic stream to create the blended jet boiling range.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
• B01D 3/14 - Fractional distillation
• C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
• C07C 2/08 - Catalytic processes
• C07C 2/12 - Catalytic processes with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
• C07C 5/03 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds
• C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation
• C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
• C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of making zeolites of BOG framework type, in particular a direct synthesis method for the preparation of aluminosilicate zeolites of BOG framework type using 5-azaindolium cations as structure directing agents. The present disclosure also relates to small crystal forms of aluminosilicate zeolites of BOG framework type and uses thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 39/48 - Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
• B01J 29/00 - Catalysts comprising molecular sieves

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for using molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) to reduce, minimize, and/or avoid CO2 emissions in a marine vessel environment. The systems and methods can include operation of MCFCs on a marine vessel under high fuel utilization conditions in order to provide power and capture CO2. The high fuel utilization conditions can allow for mitigation of CO2 over extended periods of time in spite of the challenges of performing CO2 mitigation in a potentially isolated environment such as a marine vessel. Additionally, the high fuel utilization can also reduce or minimize exhaust of fuels, such as methane, to the environment.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/0668 - Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
• H01M 8/04014 - Heat exchange using gaseous fluidsHeat exchange by combustion of reactants
• H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
• H01M 8/14 - Fuel cells with fused electrolytes

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for using a two-step process to capture CO2 from a process flue gas in an aqueous solution followed by conversion of the captured CO2 into metal carbonates for storage, transport, or other potential uses. In the first processing step, CO2 is removed from a process flue gas by contacting the process flue gas with an aqueous solution at a sufficiently high pH to enhance capture of the CO2 while reducing or minimizing other impacts on the vessel where capture is performed. The CO2-enriched aqueous solution is then passed into a second zone, such as a second vessel, for contact with a metal reagent, such as a metal oxide, metal sulfide, metal hydroxide, and/or metal silicate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01F 11/18 - Carbonates
• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01D 53/78 - Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
• C01F 5/24 - Magnesium carbonates

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for increasing the yield of products generated during co-processing of biomass oil in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) system. The systems and methods can allow for increased yield by reducing or minimizing formation of carbon oxides, gas phase products, and/or coke yields during the co-processing. This can be achieved by adding a hydrogen-rich co-feed to the co-processing environment. Examples of hydrogen-rich co-feeds include high hydrogen content vacuum gas oil co-feed, high hydrogen content distillate co-feed, and/or high hydrogen content naphtha co-feed. Additionally or alternately, various types of fractions that contain a sufficient amount of hydrogen donor compounds can be used to reduce or minimize carbon oxide formation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids

Abstract

822222 mitigation in a potentially isolated environment such as a marine vessel. Additionally, the high fuel utilization can also reduce or minimize exhaust of fuels, such as methane, to the environment.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/0668 - Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
• H01M 8/04791 - ConcentrationDensity
• H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
• H01M 8/0637 - Direct internal reforming at the anode of the fuel cell
• H01M 8/14 - Fuel cells with fused electrolytes

Abstract

A method for monitor-centric interpretation of offset pressure monitoring measurements includes simultaneously hydraulic fracturing treatment stages corresponding to treatment wells, measuring corresponding pressure data via pressure gauge(s) at monitor well(s), detecting pressure responses corresponding to fracture hits within the pressure data, and determining a reasonable velocity window for when a fracture originating from each treatment stage is likely to affect the pressure data. The method includes detecting treatment stage(s) that are likely to be the origin of each fracture hit based on the reasonable velocity window and, for each fracture hit that only has one likely originating treatment stage, assigning the detected fracture hit to such treatment stage. The method includes determining observation property data corresponding to the treatment stages that have been assigned to the fracture hits and iteratively assigning, based on such data, each unassigned fracture hit to one of the corresponding likely originating treatment stages.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21B 49/00 - Testing the nature of borehole wallsFormation testingMethods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
• E21B 43/26 - Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
• E21B 47/06 - Measuring temperature or pressure

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of making zeolites of BOG framework type, in particular a direct synthesis method for the preparation of aluminosilicate zeolites of BOG framework type using 5-azaindolium cations as structure directing agents. The present disclosure also relates to small crystal forms of aluminosilicate zeolites of BOG framework type and uses thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 39/48 - Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent

Abstract

24420+20+ hydrocarbons in high yields.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 11/12 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
• C08J 11/16 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with inorganic material

Abstract

222222-enriched aqueous solution is then passed into a second zone, such as a second vessel, for contact with a metal reagent, such as a metal oxide, metal sulfide, metal hydroxide, and/or metal silicate.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to polyethylene compositions, articles (e.g., films) including such polyethylene compositions, and methods of making polyethylene compositions and articles (e.g., films) thereof. The polyethylene composition comprises 80 wt % or greater ethylene-derived units; has density within the range from 0.940 to 0.975 g/cm3; a melt index (MI) of 0.1 to 3.0 g/10 min (such as 0.5 g/10 min to 2.5 g/10 min); a high load melt index (HLMI) within the range from 60 g/10 min to 150 g/10 min; a melt index ratio (MIR, defined as HILMI/MI) greater than 50; and has a crossover frequency (COF) according to the following relationship: COF>−0.00015*(Mw)+80 (where COF is in rad/s and Mw is weight-average molecular weight in g/mol).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 10/02 - Ethene
• C08J 5/18 - Manufacture of films or sheets

Abstract

A distillate boiling range composition is provided with an unexpected distribution of carbon chain lengths for the hydrocarbons in the composition. The composition corresponds to a distillate boiling range composition with a relatively narrow boiling range. Additionally, the narrow boiling range composition can have unexpectedly beneficial cold flow properties.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons

Abstract

Methods and compositions for processing polymers with fluorine-free polymer processing aids (PPAs) are described. The methods can include continuously extruding a polymer composition through an extruder to form a polymer product, and during at least a portion of the extruding, continually feeding a polyethylene glycol (PEG) composite to the extruder so that the PEG composite and polymer composition are coextruded through the extruder at conditions sufficient to melt blend the PEG composite and the polymer composition. The PEG composite can comprise or consist essentially of PEG (preferably PEG having weight average molecular weight less than 10,000 g/mol) and one or polymers having melting point at 1 atm greater than that of the PEG.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08L 71/02 - Polyalkylene oxides
• C08L 23/08 - Copolymers of ethene

Abstract

Alkylated naphthalene blendstock and processes for making the alkylated naphthalene blendstock are provided. The present processes comprise mixing an acid-form MWW-type catalyst, naphthalene, and a solvent to provide a reaction mixture and adding linear alpha olefins to the reaction mixture after heating. The resulting AN blendstock has an isomer ratio of less than 45 wt% mono alkylated naphthalene and greater than 55 wt% multi-alkylated naphthalene and can be combined with polyalphaolefin base stock to provide a synthetic lubricant formulation produced without triflic catalyst and with less process steps.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 105/06 - Well-defined hydrocarbons aromatic
• C10M 111/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups , each of these compounds being essential
• C10M 177/00 - Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositionsChemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
• C07C 2/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
• C10N 30/02 - Pour-pointViscosity index
• C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
• C10N 70/00 - Special methods of preparation
• B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes

Abstract

A method for forming carbon nanotubes may include: volatilizing a metal in a plasma to form an active catalyst; flowing the active catalyst and a carbon source into a floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition reactor; and pyrolyzing at least a portion of the carbon source on the active catalyst in a pyrolysis zone of the floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition reactor to form carbon nanotubes on the active catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/162 - Preparation characterised by catalysts
• C01B 32/158 - Carbon nanotubes
• B01J 19/08 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor

Abstract

Alkylated naphthalene blendstock and processes for making the alkylated naphthalene blendstock are provided. The present processes comprise mixing an acid-form MWW-type catalyst, naphthalene, and a solvent to provide a reaction mixture and adding linear alpha olefins to the reaction mixture after heating. The resulting AN blendstock has an isomer ratio of less than 45 wt % mono alkylated naphthalene and greater than 55 wt % multi-alkylated naphthalene and can be combined with polyalphaolefin base stock to provide a synthetic lubricant formulation produced without triflic catalyst and with less process steps.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10M 105/06 - Well-defined hydrocarbons aromatic
• B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
• C10M 177/00 - Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositionsChemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
• C10N 20/00 - Specified physical properties of component of lubricating compositions
• C10N 20/02 - ViscosityViscosity index
• C10N 20/06 - Particles of special shape or size
• C10N 70/00 - Special methods of preparation

Abstract

Zeolites, designated as EMM-70, characterized by a unique powder XRD pattern, methods of making the same, and uses thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
• B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
• C01B 39/48 - Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent

Abstract

A grouser for a track shoe, the grouser comprising a matrix material and a plurality of embedded inserts. The inserts are arranged in the matrix material to form one or more ice lugs. The inserts have a hardness greater than a hardness of the matrix material, such that use of the grouser on a track shoe will abrade the matrix material at a rate greater than a rate of abrasion of the insert material.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 55/26 - Ground-engaging parts or elements

Abstract

A process for preparing a cement composition comprising an isoolefin-alkylstyrene copolymer and substantially free of an alkylstyrene monomer is described herein. The process comprises reacting the isoolefin monomer with at least a portion of the alkylstyrene monomer in a diluent to form an isoolefin-alkylstyrene copolymer, replacing the diluent with a solvent, reacting a halogenic scavenger with the unreacted alkylstyrene monomer in an absence of a free radical initiator in order to form a halogenic alkylstyrene compound without altering the isoolefin-alkylstyrene copolymer, and removing the halogenic alkylstyrene compound from the slurry to form the cement composition substantially free of the alkylstyrene monomer. Also disclosed herein is a composition comprising an isoolefin-alkylstyrene copolymer and an alkylstyrene monomer comprising a concentration less than about 20 ppm.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09J 125/16 - Homopolymers or copolymers of alkyl-substituted styrenes
• C09J 125/18 - Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen

Abstract

Methods including: measuring a mid and/or near Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and/or Raman spectrum of a hydrocarbon fluid; determining an estimated cold filter plugging point (CFPP) for the hydrocarbon fluid using a vibrational spectroscopy-CFPP correlation model; and treating the hydrocarbon fluid to cause a change in the estimated CFPP. In some cases, the treating of the hydrocarbon fluid comprises: adding a flow improver to the hydrocarbon fluid.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/3577 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing liquids, e.g. polluted water
• G01N 21/35 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
• G01N 21/65 - Raman scattering
• G01N 25/12 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phaseInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating sintering of critical pointInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phaseInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating sintering of other phase change
• G01N 33/28 - Oils

Abstract

A reactor useful in the production and conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks may include: a pressure vessel with an interior wall; a refractory lining inside the reactor, wherein the refractory lining comprises: a first layer comprising a brick refractory, a second layer comprising a refractory castable, wherein the refractory castable comprises an aggregate and a binder, wherein the binder comprises CaO·6Al2O3 and less than 1 wt % of a hydratable calcium aluminate, and a third layer comprising a fiber refractory, wherein the second layer is between the first and third layers, and wherein the third layer is closest to the interior wall.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 35/10 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxides based on aluminium oxide
• B01J 6/00 - CalciningFusing
• C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
• C10J 3/78 - High-pressure apparatus

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a process that includes providing bitumen; performing thermal upgrading on the bitumen to form mildly upgraded bitumen; distilling the mildly upgraded bitumen to form streams of naphtha; distillates and/or gas oils; and residue; combining the naphtha and residue to form a naphtha/residue stream, which causes deasphalting to occur, and forming streams of deasphalted oil and high-carbon pitch comprising asphaltenes; and adding the distillates and/or gas oils to the deasphalted oil to form partially upgraded bitumen.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10C 3/00 - Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
• C10C 3/06 - Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by distillation

Abstract

4-++++++++4-4- olefinicity of about 80% or more.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 11/05 - Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
• B01J 29/08 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
• B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
• B01J 29/80 - Mixtures of different zeolites
• B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
• C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique

Abstract

233 and less than 1 wt% of a hydratable calcium aluminate, and a third layer comprising a fiber refractory, wherein the second layer is between the first and third layers, and wherein the third layer is closest to the interior wall.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 19/02 - Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for performing amine capture on a heated flue gas using multiple rotating packed beds. By integrating a series of rotating packed beds to perform cooling of the flue gas, removal of CO2 from the flue gas by contact with an aqueous amine, and washing of the gaseous effluent from CO2 removal step to remove any entrained amine, the equipment footprint and overall equipment volume required for CO2 capture can be significantly reduced. The integration of cooling, CO2 removal, and washing can be integrated into a series of packed beds in part by using different packing materials in the various packed beds.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/18 - Absorbing unitsLiquid distributors therefor
• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01D 53/78 - Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact

Abstract

In various aspects, molten carbonate fuel cell configurations are provided that include a reforming catalyst and alkali traps integrated with one or more structures within the anode gas-collection volume. The purpose of the reforming catalyst is to reform methane (or some other reformable fuel) into hydrogen. In operation, alkali metals may migrate from the fuel cell electrolyte into the anode. Unless trapped, the alkali metals may deactivate the reforming catalyst. The alkali trap prolongs the operating life of reforming catalyst within the anode volume by capturing some portion of the alkali metal in the anode gas-collection volume. This reduces an amount of alkali metal that interacts with the reforming catalyst in the anode gas-collection volume. The prolonged life of the reforming catalyst prevents a decrease in catalyst activity.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/14 - Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
• H01M 8/0612 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material

Abstract

A method including: introducing a feed comprising an alcohol and an activator into a reactor comprising a solid acid catalyst; contacting the alcohol and the activator in the presence of the solid acid catalyst under conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the alcohol and the activator to produce a product stream comprising C8-C16 olefins and water; thermally contacting at least a portion of the C8-C16 olefins and/or water with a working fluid to heat the working fluid to form a heated working fluid; and introducing at least a portion of the C8-C16 olefins and water from the product stream into a distillation column and forming a bottoms stream comprising a majority of the C8-C16 olefins from the product stream, wherein a reboiler thermally coupled to the distillation column is at least partially heated by the heated working fluid.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• C10G 7/04 - De-watering