A recycling process for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries employs a closely monitored co-precipitation reaction for precipitating cathode active material precursor (pCAM) in a comingled form of metal salts corresponding to the intended chemistry for the new battery. The coprecipitation relies on a controlled pH that assures a particle size, morphology and purity of the resulting precipitated pCAM. A combination of internal reactor pH sensing within the coprecipitation reactor along with external pH sensing to validate the sensed pH ensures a consistent target pH throughout the coprecipitation process, compensating for drift or sensor failure in view of the harsh reactor environment.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
C01G 53/42 - Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
B09B 3/70 - Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
Methods of recovering nickel and manganese salts are disclosed. The method includes removing one or more impurities from an aqueous leach solution including cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts to produce a purified aqueous solution including the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts. The method includes extracting the cobalt salt from the purified aqueous solution in a first liquid-liquid extraction step using an organic extractant to produce an aqueous raffinate solution including the nickel and manganese salts and a first loaded organic solution including the cobalt salt.
Methods of recovering a nickel, cobalt, and manganese salts are disclosed. The method includes removing one or more impurities from an acidic aqueous leach solution including cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts to produce a purified aqueous solution including the cobalt, manganese, nickel salts, and remaining impurity salts. The method includes extracting the purified aqueous solution in a first liquid-liquid extraction step using a first organic extractant to produce a first aqueous raffinate solution including the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts and a first loaded organic solution including one or more of the remaining impurity salts from the purified aqueous solution. The method further includes extracting the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts from the first aqueous raffinate solution in a second liquid-liquid extraction step using a second organic extractant to produce a second loaded organic solution including the cobalt, manganese and nickel salts and a second aqueous raffinate solution comprising one or more of the remaining impurity salts.
C22B 3/38 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
A recycling process for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries employs a closely monitored co-precipitation reaction for precipitating cathode active material precursor (pCAM) in a comingled form of metal salts corresponding to the intended chemistry for the new battery. The coprecipitation relies on a controlled pH that assures a particle size, morphology and purity of the resulting precipitated pCAM. A combination of internal reactor pH sensing within the coprecipitation reactor along with external pH sensing to validate the sensed pH ensures a consistent target pH throughout the coprecipitation process, compensating for drift or sensor failure in view of the harsh reactor environment.
A method of recovering a nickel, cobalt, and manganese salts includes removing impurities from an acidic aqueous leach solution including cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts to produce a purified aqueous solution including the metal salts and remaining impurity salts. The method includes extracting the purified aqueous solution in a first liquid-liquid extraction step using a first organic extractant to produce a first aqueous raffinate solution including the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts and a first loaded organic solution including one or more of the remaining impurity salts from the purified aqueous solution. The method further includes extracting the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts from the first aqueous raffinate solution in a second liquid-liquid extraction step using a second organic extractant to produce a second loaded organic solution including the cobalt, manganese and nickel salts and a second aqueous raffinate solution comprising one or more of the remaining impurity salts.
C22B 3/06 - Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions
C22B 3/38 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
6.
RECYCLED GRAPHITE SURFACE REPAIR AND CONDUCTIVE CARBON SEPARATION
A process to make battery-grade graphite from black mass. The process entails spheronizing graphite derived from black mass to yield spheronized graphite, classifying the spheronized graphite to remove conductive carbon fines, and optionally coating the resulting bulk graphite to reduce its specific surface area.
Methods are provided for forming iron phosphate. In a first stage, heat treating lithium iron phosphate black mass and selectively leaching lithium from the heat treated lithium iron phosphate black mass with an oxidative leaching solution forms a semi-delithiated iron phosphate black mass. In a second stage, the semi-delithiated iron phosphate black mass and a pre-leaching solution comprising dilute acid and an oxidizing agent are mixed, and in a third stage the remaining iron phosphate in the solid phase and an iron phosphate leaching solution are mixed to form a leachate comprising iron phosphate.
Methods are provided for forming iron phosphate. In a first stage, heat treating lithium iron phosphate black mass and selectively leaching lithium from the heat treated lithium iron phosphate black mass with an oxidative leaching solution forms a semi-delithiated iron phosphate black mass. In a second stage, the semi-delithiated iron phosphate black mass and a pre-leaching solution comprising dilute acid and an oxidizing agent are mixed, and in a third stage the remaining iron phosphate in the solid phase and an iron phosphate leaching solution are mixed to form a leachate comprising iron phosphate.
Methods are provided for preparing an aqueous nickel salt solution from an aqueous mixed metal salt solution comprising cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts and one or more impurity salts. The method includes precipitating a first group of impurity salts and the manganese salt to form an aqueous pre-extraction solution. The aqueous pre-extraction solution and an organic extractant solution are mixed to form an aqueous raffinate phase and a loaded organic phase, wherein the aqueous raffinate phase is the aqueous nickel salt solution.
C01G 53/50 - Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
C22B 3/44 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
10.
PURIFIED NICKEL SOLUTIONS USING SUCCESSIVE SOLVENT EXTRACTIONS
Methods of recovering a nickel salt are disclosed. The method includes removing one or more impurities from an aqueous leach solution including cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts to produce a first purified aqueous solution including the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts. The method includes extracting the cobalt and manganese salts from the first purified aqueous solution in a first liquid-liquid extraction step using a first organic extractant to produce an aqueous raffinate solution including the nickel salt and a first loaded organic solution including the cobalt and manganese salts. The method further includes extracting the nickel salt from the aqueous raffinate solution in a second liquid-liquid extraction step using a second organic extractant to produce a second loaded organic solution including the nickel salt. Systems for recovering a nickel salt are also disclosed.
C22B 3/00 - Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
C22B 3/38 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
11.
METHODS FOR BATTERY-GRADE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF NICKEL SALTS
Methods are provided for preparing an aqueous nickel salt solution from an aqueous mixed metal salt solution comprising cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts and one or more impurity salts. The method includes precipitating a first group of impurity salts and the manganese salt to form an aqueous pre-extraction solution. The aqueous pre-extraction solution and an organic extractant solution are mixed to form an aqueous raffinate phase and a loaded organic phase, wherein the aqueous raffinate phase is the aqueous nickel salt solution.
C01B 25/14 - Sulfur, selenium, or tellurium compounds of phosphorus
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
12.
PURIFIED NICKEL SOLUTIONS USING SUCCESSIVE SOLVENT EXTRACTIONS
Methods of recovering a nickel salt are disclosed. The method includes removing one or more impurities from an aqueous leach solution including cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts to produce a first purified aqueous solution including the cobalt, manganese, and nickel salts. The method includes extracting the cobalt and manganese salts from the first purified aqueous solution in a first liquid-liquid extraction step using a first organic extractant to produce an aqueous raffinate solution including the nickel salt and a first loaded organic solution including the cobalt and manganese salts. The method further includes extracting the nickel salt from the aqueous raffinate solution in a second liquid-liquid extraction step using a second organic extractant to produce a second loaded organic solution including the nickel salt. Systems for recovering a nickel salt are also disclosed.
Disclosed is a battery discharge containment system and method for deenergizing a lithium-ion battery module or pack. The system comprises a discharge containment enclosure, an electrical discharge system, a temperature monitoring system, a coolant system, a fire protection system, and an optional exhaust system which operate together to quickly and safely deenergize a battery module or pack in preparation for recycling.
H01M 10/635 - Control systems based on ambient temperature
H01M 10/6556 - Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
A62C 3/16 - Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
Disclosed is a battery discharge containment system and method for deenergizing a lithium-ion battery module or pack. The system comprises a discharge containment enclosure, an electrical discharge system, a temperature monitoring system, a coolant system, a fire protection system, and an optional exhaust system which operate together to quickly and safely deenergize a battery module or pack in preparation for recycling.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
A62C 3/16 - Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
H01M 10/6568 - Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
H01M 50/24 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
15.
IMPURITY MANAGEMENT PROCESS FOR LITHIUM-ION BATTERY RECYCLING
Methods are provided for removing impurities from recycled battery black mass. The method includes mixing a delithiated black mass with a first solution to form a pre-leached delithiated black mass and a pre-leach solution, separating the pre-leached delithiated black mass from the pre-leach solution, mixing the separated pre-leached delithiated black mass and a second aqueous solution to form a mixture comprising graphite and a leachate solution, and separating the graphite and the leachate solution. The pre-leach solution is comprised of a first group of impurity ions while the leachate solution is comprised of a second group of impurity ions and cathode metal ions.
C22B 3/00 - Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
C22B 3/24 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
C22B 3/42 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
C22B 3/44 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
Methods are provided for removing impurities from recycled battery black mass. The method includes mixing a delithiated black mass with a first solution to form a pre-leached delithiated black mass and a pre-leach solution, separating the pre-leached delithiated black mass from the pre-leach solution, mixing the separated pre-leached delithiated black mass and a second aqueous solution to form a mixture comprising graphite and a leachate solution, and separating the graphite and the leachate solution. The pre-leach solution is comprised of a first group of impurity ions while the leachate solution is comprised of a second group of impurity ions and cathode metal ions.
A purification process for recycled graphite for use as anode material in Li-ion batteries includes heating or roasting graphite from a recycling stream for removing impurities such as PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and other fluorides. A precipitate comprising graphite results from a suitable process such as acid leaching of black mass from a battery recycling stream. The acid leach separates cathode material metals, leaving a graphite rich precipitate of anode materials. Impurities resulting from binder and other materials tend to remain in the precipitate. A roasting process is used to heat the precipitate for removal of contaminants such as fluorides resulting from PVDF residues, without burning or removing the graphite. The result is a highly pure graphite suitable for use in anode material in a recycled battery.
A purification process for recycled graphite for use as anode material in Li-ion batteries includes heating or roasting graphite from a recycling stream for removing impurities such as PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and other fluorides. A precipitate comprising graphite results from a suitable process such as acid leaching of black mass from a battery recycling stream. The acid leach separates cathode material metals, leaving a graphite rich precipitate of anode materials. Impurities resulting from binder and other materials tend to remain in the precipitate. A roasting process is used to heat the precipitate for removal of contaminants such as fluorides resulting from PVDF residues, without burning or removing the graphite. The result is a highly pure graphite suitable for use in anode material in a recycled battery.
Cathode material from exhausted lithium ion batteries are dissolved in a solution for extracting the useful elements Co (cobalt), Ni (nickel), Al (Aluminum) and Mn (manganese) to produce active cathode materials for new batteries. The solution includes compounds of desirable materials such as cobalt, nickel, aluminum and manganese dissolved as compounds from the exhausted cathode material of spent cells. Depending on a desired proportion, or ratio, of the desired materials, raw materials are added to the solution to achieve the desired ratio of the commingled compounds for the recycled cathode material for new cells. The desired materials precipitate out of solution without extensive heating or separation of the desired materials into individual compounds or elements. The resulting active cathode material has the predetermined ratio for use in new cells, and avoids high heat typically required to separate the useful elements because the desired materials remain commingled in solution.
A recycling and enhancement process for graphite from a Li-ion recycling stream includes pitch coating for enhancing tap density and BET surface area compared to virgin materials and commercial graphite, and provide similar, if not greater performance. A multi-step pitch coating process includes two or more pitch coating stages at different temperatures. A first pitch mixing and coating at a lower temperature is followed by a second pitch mixing and coating at a higher temperature, which results in a pitch coated purified graphite having improved surface characteristics over recycled graphite and comparable or better properties compared to virgin (non-recycled) graphite.
A recycling and enhancement process for graphite from a Li-ion recycling stream includes pitch coating for enhancing tap density and BET surface area compared to virgin materials and commercial graphite, and provide similar, if not greater performance. A multi-step pitch coating process includes two or more pitch coating stages at different temperatures. A first pitch mixing and coating at a lower temperature is followed by a second pitch mixing and coating at a higher temperature, which results in a pitch coated purified graphite having improved surface characteristics over recycled graphite and comparable or better properties compared to virgin (non-recycled) graphite.
In a battery recycling process, a recycling stream including charge material metals from exhausted Li-ion batteries is aggregated or otherwise comminuted to generate recycled battery charge material having comparable or improved cycle life as well as recycled charge material precursor having fewer cracking defects using doping substances in both a coprecipitation phase and a sintering phase of the recycling sequence. Prior to coprecipitation of a cathode material precursor, a leach solution of comingled charge material metals is produced, the ratio of the charge material metals is adjusted based on recycled battery specifications, and a relatively small quantity of a first dopant is added. The doped precursor, a lithium salt, and a second dopant are combined and sintered to form a doped cathode material having a single crystal morphology and a higher tap density than the doped cathode precursor.
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Engineered battery materials or components, namely, anode
active material precursors to anode active materials used to
make anodes; cathode active material precursors to cathode
active materials used to make cathodes, with specific
performance characteristics for thermal stability, life
cycle, power or range, made from recycled battery metals and
marketed to manufacturers of lithium-ion batteries for use
in electric vehicles, trucks, marine vessels or stationary
energy storage systems; chemicals for use in the manufacture
of batteries; industrial chemicals. Engineered battery materials or components, namely, anode
active materials used to make anodes, cathode active
materials used to make cathodes, with specific performance
characteristics for thermal stability, life cycle, power or
range, made from recycled battery metals and marketed to
manufacturers of lithium-ion batteries for use in electric
vehicles, trucks, marine vessels or stationary energy
storage systems.
A method of producing a cathode material precursor having low levels of Cu impurities is described. Heat treating a black mass from a recycled lithium-ion battery stream, wherein the black mass comprises copper metal and cathode material comprising nickel, followed by leaching of the heat-treated black mass with an aqueous acid forms an acidic aqueous leach solution comprising nickel metal, cathode metal salts, and copper salts. The copper salts have been found to react with the nickel metal in the aqueous leach solution to form copper metal, which can be readily removed from the acidic aqueous leach solution. Coprecipitation of the cathode metal salts and the nickel salts form nearly Cu-free cathode material precursor.
Recycling of lithium-ion batteries includes the steps of leaching a black mass including cathode and anode materials with a leaching agent, optionally including an oxidizing agent or reducing agent, to form an aqueous acidic leach solution of metal salts comprising metal salts and a plurality of impurity salts. The impurity salts are removed in various purification phases including treating with an oxygen-containing gas and optional electrodeposition and ion exchange steps, each at specified pH ranges. The amounts of the metal salts in the treated aqueous acidic leach solution are then adjusted to a desired ratio and coprecipitated to form a precursor cathode active material.
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
A recycling process for cathode material of a Li-ion battery generates highly pure cathode material precursor from a leaching process using either heat treatment or an oxidizing agent. The highly pure cathode material includes cathode material metallic elements of Ni, Mn and Co, leached from a granular recycling stream of waste batteries, by a coprecipitation process that defines a molar ratio of the cathode material metals corresponding to a prescribed battery chemistry. The result is a precursor cathode active material (pCAM) in a form that may be sintered with lithium (typically lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide) to form the cathode active material for the recycled battery, including the charge material metals in the prescribed ratio.
Recycling of lithium-ion batteries includes the steps of leaching a black mass including cathode and anode materials with a leaching agent, optionally including an oxidizing agent or reducing agent, to form an aqueous acidic leach solution of metal salts comprising metal salts and a plurality of impurity salts. The impurity salts are removed in various purification phases including treating with an oxygen-containing gas and optional electrodeposition and ion exchange steps, each at specified pH ranges. The amounts of the metal salts in the treated aqueous acidic leach solution are then adjusted to a desired ratio and coprecipitated to form a precursor cathode active material.
A recycling process for cathode material of a Li-ion battery generates highly pure cathode material precursor from a leaching process using either heat treatment or an oxidizing agent. The highly pure cathode material includes cathode material metallic elements of Ni, Mn and Co, leached from a granular recycling stream of waste batteries, by a coprecipitation process that defines a molar ratio of the cathode material metals corresponding to a prescribed battery chemistry. The result is a precursor cathode active material (pCAM) in a form that may be sintered with lithium (typically lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide) to form the cathode active material for the recycled battery, including the charge material metals in the prescribed ratio.
A method of producing a cathode material precursor having low levels of Cu impurities is described. Heat treating a black mass from a recycled lithium-ion battery stream, wherein the black mass comprises copper metal and cathode material comprising nickel, followed by leaching of the heat-treated black mass with an aqueous acid forms an acidic aqueous leach solution comprising nickel metal, cathode metal salts, and copper salts. The copper salts have been found to react with the nickel metal in the aqueous leach solution to form copper metal, which can be readily removed from the acidic aqueous leach solution. Coprecipitation of the cathode metal salts and the nickel salts form nearly Cu-free cathode material precursor.
In a battery recycling process, a recycling stream including charge material metals from exhausted Li-ion batteries is aggregated or otherwise comminuted to generate recycled battery charge material having comparable or improved cycle life as well as recycled charge material precursor having fewer cracking defects using doping substances in both a coprecipitation phase and a sintering phase of the recycling sequence. Prior to coprecipitation of a cathode material precursor, a leach solution of comingled charge material metals is produced, the ratio of the charge material metals is adjusted based on recycled battery specifications, and a relatively small quantity of a first dopant is added. The doped precursor, a lithium salt, and a second dopant are combined and sintered to form a doped cathode material having a single crystal morphology and a higher tap density than the doped cathode precursor.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
B09B 3/70 - Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
B09B 3/80 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
31.
CURING PROCESS FOR SURFACE DEFECTS OF CATHODE MATERIAL
A curing process for cathode material alleviates surface defects on particles of the cathode material for improving battery performance. Heat treating a granular form of the cathode material in a flow of an oxygen-containing gas removes surface defects on the cathode material particles that have been mechanically deagglomerated. This results in significant improvement in both the rate of charge/discharge and the number of recharge cycles.
A Li-ion cathode material is prepared by a multi-stage lithiation process that separates a total amount of lithium called for by the recycled battery to be used in a series of sintering stages. A leaching, ratio adjustment and coprecipitation sequence forms a cathode precursor having a predetermined ratio of metallic elements from a comingled recycling stream of Li-ion batteries. The precursor is sintered with a lithium salt in a sequence of stages, each having a portion of the total lithium quantity, for a predetermined duration and temperature. The initial sintering stage tends to define the crystallinity of the resulting active cathode material and has a particle size determined at least in part by the portion of lithium at each stage.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
A Li-ion cathode material is prepared by a multi-stage lithiation process that separates a total amount of lithium called for by the recycled battery to be used in a series of sintering stages. A leaching, ratio adjustment and coprecipitation sequence forms a cathode precursor having a predetermined ratio of metallic elements from a comingled recycling stream of Li-ion batteries. The precursor is sintered with a lithium salt in a sequence of stages, each having a portion of the total lithium quantity, for a predetermined duration and temperature. The initial sintering stage tends to define the crystallinity of the resulting active cathode material and has a particle size determined at least in part by the portion of lithium at each stage.
A curing process for cathode material alleviates surface defects on particles of the cathode material for improving battery performance. Heat treating a granular form of the cathode material in a flow of an oxygen-containing gas removes surface defects on the cathode material particles that have been mechanically deagglomerated. This results in significant improvement in both the rate of charge/discharge and the number of recharge cycles.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
35.
Recycled graphite surface repair and conductive carbon separation
A process to make battery-grade graphite from black mass. The process entails spheronizing graphite derived from black mass to yield spheronized graphite, classifying the spheronized graphite to remove conductive carbon fines, and optionally coating the resulting bulk graphite to reduce its specific surface area.
A process to make battery-grade graphite from black mass. The process entails spheronizing graphite derived from black mass to yield spheronized graphite, classifying the spheronized graphite to remove conductive carbon fines, and optionally coating the resulting bulk graphite to reduce its specific surface area.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
(1) Engineered battery materials or components, namely, anode active material precursors to anode active materials used to make anodes; cathode active material precursors to cathode active materials used to make cathodes, with specific performance characteristics for thermal stability, life cycle, power or range, made from recycled battery metals and marketed to manufacturers of lithium-ion batteries for use in electric vehicles, trucks, marine vessels or stationary energy storage systems; chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; industrial chemicals.
(2) Engineered battery materials or components, namely, anode active materials used to make anodes, cathode active materials used to make cathodes, with specific performance characteristics for thermal stability, life cycle, power or range, made from recycled battery metals and marketed to manufacturers of lithium-ion batteries for use in electric vehicles, trucks, marine vessels or stationary energy storage systems.
38.
BATTERY CELL DISCHARGE SYSTEM AND METHOD OF DISCHARGING CELLS
Forced discharge of Li-ion batteries for recycling extracts residual electrical energy from the battery cells to avoid sudden and unexpected release of residual energy during recycling. A battery cell containment device applies a physical restraint to one or more battery cells, and engages positive and negative terminals on the cells for electrical communication. A cooling medium flows through the containment for thermal transfer of excess heat generated during the discharge. Depending on the residual charge remaining in the battery cells, excess electrical energy is discharged thought the positive and negative terminals to a state of zero charge. A reverse voltage forces current through the anode to being the battery to a zero-energy state. The reverse voltage continues until internal short circuits resulting from degradation of current collectors in the battery render it benign.
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
H01M 50/172 - Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
H01M 50/202 - Casings or frames around the primary casing of a single cell or a single battery
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
H01M 50/383 - Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
39.
BATTERY CELL DISCHARGE SYSTEM AND METHOD OF DISCHARGING CELLS
Forced discharge of Li-ion batteries for recycling extracts residual electrical energy from the battery cells to avoid sudden and unexpected release of residual energy during recycling. A battery cell containment device applies a physical restraint to one or more battery cells, and engages positive and negative terminals on the cells for electrical communication. A cooling medium flows through the containment for thermal transfer of excess heat generated during the discharge. Depending on the residual charge remaining in the battery cells, excess electrical energy is discharged thought the positive and negative terminals to a state of zero charge. A reverse voltage forces current through the anode to being the battery to a zero-energy state. The reverse voltage continues until internal short circuits resulting from degradation of current collectors in the battery render it benign.
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
A62C 3/16 - Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
A battery recycling process recovers lithium from nickel-rich cathode material in a recycling stream of end-of-life batteries. A dilute acid leach of a high nickel content cathode material contains a mixture of sulfuric acid based on a molar quantity of lithium in the cathode material. The highly selective leach generates a lithium rich solution with a small amount of nickel removable by nanofiltration to achieve a highly efficient recovery of the lithium contained in the recycling stream. A quantity of the leach acid based on the lithium content and a quantity of water based on a total black mass of the recycling stream results in a highly selective, near pure lithium leach when the recycling stream results from high nickel NMC batteries such as 811.
A hydrometallurgical coprecipitation process for leached cathode materials includes adjusting a pH and agitation of an aqueous acidic leach solution in successive stages of a multi-stage reactor system for generating coprecipitated particles of a targeted morphology, particle size range, and surface characteristics. The aqueous acidic leach solution (leach solution) initially forms seed particles based on increasing pH. In successive stages, the pH and the stirring rate are varied for growing the seed particles into progressively larger particles as additional leach solution is introduced.
A hydrometallurgical coprecipitation process for leached cathode materials includes adjusting a pH and agitation of an aqueous acidic leach solution in successive stages of a multi-stage reactor system for generating coprecipitated particles of a targeted morphology, particle size range, and surface characteristics. The aqueous acidic leach solution (leach solution) initially forms seed particles based on increasing pH. In successive stages, the pH and the stirring rate are varied for growing the seed particles into progressively larger particles as additional leach solution is introduced.
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
43.
DOPED CATHODE MATERIAL PRECURSOR FROM RECYCLED LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
A battery recycling process aggregates a recycling stream including charge material metals from exhausted Li-ion batteries and generates recycled battery charge material having comparable or improved cycle life as well as recycled charge material precursor having fewer cracking defects using doping substances in a coprecipitation phase in the recycling sequence. In a coprecipitation process, a solution of comingled charge material metals is produced, the ratio of the charge material metals is adjusted based on recycled battery specifications, and a relatively small quantity of a doping salt is added.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
44.
DOPED CATHODE MATERIAL FROM RECYCLED LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
A battery recycling process aggregates a recycling stream including charge material metals from exhausted Li-ion batteries and generates recycled battery charge material having comparable or improved cycle life as well as recycled charge material precursor having fewer cracking defects using doping substances in a coprecipitation phase in the recycling sequence. In a coprecipitation process, a solution of comingled charge material metals is produced, the ratio of the charge material metals is adjusted based on recycled battery specifications, and a relatively small quantity of a doping salt is added.
A recycling method for generating purified lithium salts from a recycling stream of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries includes leaching black mass from the recycling stream in an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent. Delithiated black mass is filtered from the aqueous solution to generate a Li-rich leach solution, which is subjected to nanofiltration to form a nanofiltration permeate from which the purified lithium salt is obtained.
A battery recycling process aggregates a recycling stream including charge material metals from exhausted Li-ion batteries and generates recycled battery charge material having comparable or improved cycle life as well as recycled charge material precursor having fewer cracking defects using doping substances in a coprecipitation phase in the recycling sequence. In a coprecipitation process, a solution of comingled charge material metals is produced, the ratio of the charge material metals is adjusted based on recycled battery specifications, and a relatively small quantity of a doping salt is added.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
47.
DOPED CATHODE MATERIAL FROM RECYCLED LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
A battery recycling process aggregates a recycling stream including charge material metals from exhausted Li-ion batteries and generates recycled battery charge material having comparable or improved cycle life as well as recycled charge material precursor having fewer cracking defects using doping substances in a coprecipitation phase in the recycling sequence. In a coprecipitation process, a solution of comingled charge material metals is produced, the ratio of the charge material metals is adjusted based on recycled battery specifications, and a relatively small quantity of a doping salt is added.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
C22B 3/00 - Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
A recycling method for generating purified lithium salts from a recycling stream of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries includes leaching black mass from the recycling stream in an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent. Delithiated black mass is filtered from the aqueous solution to generate a Li-rich leach solution, which is subjected to nanofiltration to form a nanofiltration permeate from which the purified lithium salt is obtained.
A method of producing a purified graphite from a recycled battery stream for use in as anode material in Li-ion batteries is described. The method comprises a leaching step to obtain a precipitate comprising graphite by filtration, which is then iteratively roasted as a slurry with an aqueous solution of a hydroxide base and subsequently washed to form a purified graphite.
A recycling process for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries includes a selective leach of charge material metals followed by impurity control for effecting microstructures such as a pore volume and surface area for optimal structures and charge performance. Particle characteristics having a favorable effect on performance correlate with soluble impurities in a recycling leach solution formed from spent charge material in a battery recycling stream. Spent batteries yield a black mass of agitated, comingled cathode material, anode material and current collectors. Leaching of the black mass yields a recycling solution of charge material metals and impurities. Selective adjustment of these impurities through adding and/or separating soluble ions in the solution drives formation of internal voids, surface area and pore volume in the resulting cathode material.
A method of producing a purified graphite from a recycled battery stream for use in as anode material in Li-ion batteries is described. The method comprises a leaching step to obtain a precipitate comprising graphite by filtration, which is then iteratively roasted as a slurry with an aqueous solution of a hydroxide base and subsequently washed to form a purified graphite.
A method to recycle graphite from lithium and sodium-ion batteries. Graphite from the batteries first is treated in an aqueous solution of strong base at a temperature range between about 100° C. and about 250° C., a pressure range between about 0.9 bar and about 20 bar, at a solid-to-liquid ratio of from about 1-to-1 to about 1-to-4. The treated graphite is then washed, filtered, and then treated with a mineral acid (e.g., hydrochloric acid). The purified graphite is then coated with amorphous carbon at a weight percentage range between 0.5 wt % and about 20 wt %. The recycled graphite yielded by the method routinely achieves a purity >99.9%, a specific area of less than or equal to about 10 m2/g.
A recycling process for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries includes a selective leach of charge material metals followed by impurity control for effecting microstructures such as a pore volume and surface area for optimal structures and charge performance. Particle characteristics having a favorable effect on performance correlate with soluble impurities in a recycling leach solution formed from spent charge material in a battery recycling stream. Spent batteries yield a black mass of agitated, comingled cathode material, anode material and current collectors. Leaching of the black mass yields a recycling solution of charge material metals and impurities. Selective adjustment of these impurities through adding and/or separating soluble ions in the solution drives formation of internal voids, surface area and pore volume in the resulting cathode material.
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries;
industrial chemicals. Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling. Material treatment services in connection with recycling;
recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling
of used and spent batteries; treatment of materials in the
nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery
cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide,
lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders,
cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder,
lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide
powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated
compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded
copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded
plastic.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries;
industrial chemicals. Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling. Material treatment services in connection with recycling;
recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling
of used and spent batteries; treatment of materials in the
nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery
cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide,
lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders,
cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder,
lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide
powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated
compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded
copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded
plastic.
Recycling of charge material for an NMC (Ni, Mn, Co) battery recovers lithium from a recycled battery stream by roasting a black mass from the recycled stream in a partial oxygen environment at a temperature based on the thermal reduction of cathode material and reacting carbon in an anode material with lithium in the cathode material, and then leaching the lithium from the roasted black mass for forming a lithium leach solution. Lithium is recovered by heating the lithium leach solution, precipitating the lithium carbonate based on decreased solubility of the leached lithium carbonate at the increased temperature.
Recycling of charge material for an NMC (Ni, Mn, Co) battery recovers lithium from a recycled battery stream by roasting a black mass from the recycled stream in a partial oxygen environment at a temperature based on the thermal reduction of cathode material and reacting carbon in an anode material with lithium in the cathode material, and then leaching the lithium from the roasted black mass for forming a lithium leach solution. Lithium is recovered by heating the lithium leach solution, precipitating the lithium carbonate based on decreased solubility of the leached lithium carbonate at the increased temperature.
Recycling of charge material for an NMC (Ni, Mn, Co) battery recovers lithium from a recycled battery stream by roasting a black mass from the recycled stream in a partial oxygen environment at a temperature based on the thermal reduction of cathode material and reacting carbon in an anode material with lithium in the cathode material, and then leaching the lithium from the roasted black mass for forming a lithium leach solution. Lithium is recovered by heating the lithium leach solution, precipitating the lithium carbonate based on decreased solubility of the leached lithium carbonate at the increased temperature.
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
A battery recycling process recovers lithium from nickel-rich cathode material in a recycling stream of end-of-life batteries. A dilute acid leach of a high nickel content cathode material contains a mixture of sulfuric acid based on a molar quantity of lithium in the cathode material. The highly selective leach generates a lithium rich solution with a small amount of nickel removable by nanofiltration to achieve a highly efficient recovery of the lithium contained in the recycling stream. A quantity of the leach acid based on the lithium content and a quantity of water based on a total black mass of the recycling stream results in a highly selective, near pure lithium leach when the recycling stream results from high nickel NMC batteries such as 811.
H01M 10/54 - Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; Industrial chemicals Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling Material treatment services in connection with recycling; Recycling of chemicals; Recycling of scrap metal; Recycling of used and spent batteries; Treatment of materials in the nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic
Recycling of nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries extracts substantially pure nickel based on adding a leach agent to granular cathode material resulting from agitation of the NiMH batteries to form a leach solution. A pH of the leach solution is maintained for precipitating iron, aluminum and lanthanide rare earth elements (REE) for yielding a nickel solution for forming a cathode material precursor in a recycled battery, often with a high nickel content.
A battery recycling process recovers lithium from nickel-rich cathode material in a recycling stream of end-of-life batteries. A dilute acid leach of a high nickel content cathode material contains a mixture of sulfuric acid based on a molar quantity of lithium in the cathode material. The highly selective leach generates a lithium rich solution with a small amount of nickel removable by nanofiltration to achieve a highly efficient recovery of the lithium contained in the recycling stream. A quantity of the leach acid based on the lithium content and a quantity of water based on a total black mass of the recycling stream results in a highly selective, near pure lithium leach when the recycling stream results from high nickel NMC batteries such as 811.
Recycling of nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries extracts substantially pure nickel based on adding a leach agent to granular cathode material resulting from agitation of the NiMH batteries to form a leach solution. A pH of the leach solution is maintained for precipitating iron, aluminum and lanthanide rare earth elements (REE) for yielding a nickel solution for forming a cathode material precursor in a recycled battery, often with a high nickel content.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries;
industrial chemicals. Anodes; cathodes. Collection of used/spent batteries for recycling. Material treatment services in connection with recycling;
recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling
of used/spent batteries; treatment of materials in the
nature of used/spent battery recycling, namely, battery
cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide,
lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders,
cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder,
lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide
powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated
compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded
copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded
plastic. Engineering design services; engineering services, namely,
engineering for the development and mass production of
battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic
materials.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; Industrial chemicals Material treatment services in connection with recycling; Recycling of chemicals; Recycling of scrap metal; Recycling of used and spent batteries; Treatment of materials in the nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling
A method for discharging end-of-life batteries prior to dismantling and recycling involves recovering residual stored electrical energy by draining the battery to a zero charge state, and reverse biasing the battery to bring the potential from a zero charge state of around 2.7 V to a zero or near zero energy state. The reverse bias inverts the normal usage polarity for inducing a reverse current flow, and continues based on formation of internal short circuits formed on the cathode current collector for rendering the battery with little to no energy storage for safe agitation and dismantling.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
B60L 58/16 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
A method for discharging end-of-life batteries prior to dismantling and recycling involves recovering residual stored electrical energy by draining the battery to a zero charge state, and reverse biasing the battery to bring the potential from a zero charge state of around 2.7 V to a zero or near zero energy state. The reverse bias inverts the normal usage polarity for inducing a reverse current flow, and continues based on formation of internal short circuits formed on the cathode current collector for rendering the battery with little to no energy storage for safe agitation and dismantling.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries;
industrial chemicals. Anodes; cathodes. Collection of used/spent batteries for recycling. Material treatment services in connection with recycling;
recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling
of used/spent batteries; treatment of materials in the
nature of used/spent battery recycling, namely, battery
cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide,
lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders,
cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder,
lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide
powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated
compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded
copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded
plastic. Engineering design services; engineering services, namely,
engineering for the development and mass production of
battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic
materials.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; Industrial chemicals; Anode active materials and precursors to anode active materials used to make anodes, and cathode active materials and precursors to cathode active materials used to make cathodes, all marketed and sold to battery manufacturers Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling Material treatment services in connection with recycling; Recycling of chemicals; Recycling of scrap metal; Recycling of used and spent batteries; Treatment of materials obtained from used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic Engineering design services; Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; Industrial chemicals; Anode active materials and precursors to anode active materials used to make anodes, and cathode active materials and precursors to cathode active materials used to make cathodes, all marketed and sold to battery manufacturers Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling Material treatment services in connection with recycling; Recycling of chemicals; Recycling of scrap metal; Recycling of used and spent batteries; Treatment of materials obtained from used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic Engineering design services; Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials
4) batteries to form a leach solution; filtering the leach solution to remove a residue and obtain a lithium rich solution; modifying pH of the lithium rich solution for filtering impurities and obtaining a purified Li solution; and adding a precipitant to the purified Li solution thereby precipitating a lithium compound.
44) batteries to form a leach solution; filtering the leach solution to remove a residue and obtain a lithium rich solution; modifying pH of the lithium rich solution for filtering impurities and obtaining a purified Li solution; and adding a precipitant to the purified Li solution thereby precipitating a lithium compound.
C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
74.
RECYCLING ALL SOLID-STATE BATTERIES (ASSBs) AND ANODE RECOVERY
A method for recycling All solid state batteries (ASSBs), the method including: receiving a recycling stream of ASSBs comprising an electrolyte comingled with at least one charge material; introducing a passivating substance for neutralizing an undesired reaction or discharge of the charge materials from the batteries defining the recycling stream; agitating the batteries in the recycling stream in the presence of the passivating substance for liberating the charge materials and electrolyte stored therein; and recovering the charge material and the electrolyte from the agitated batteries, and such that the passivating substance combines with the agitated batteries for generating a beneficial product thereby recycling ASSBs.
H01M 4/38 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
75.
Recycling all solid-state batteries (ASSBs) and anode recovery
A method for recycling All solid state batteries (ASSBs), the method including: receiving a recycling stream of ASSBs comprising an electrolyte comingled with at least one charge material; introducing a passivating substance for neutralizing an undesired reaction or discharge of the charge materials from the batteries defining the recycling stream; agitating the batteries in the recycling stream in the presence of the passivating substance for liberating the charge materials and electrolyte stored therein; and recovering the charge material and the electrolyte from the agitated batteries, and such that the passivating substance combines with the agitated batteries for generating a beneficial product thereby recycling ASSBs.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries;
industrial chemicals. Anodes; cathodes. Collection of used/spent batteries for recycling. Material treatment services in connection with recycling;
recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling
of used/spent batteries; treatment of materials in the
nature of used/spent battery recycling, namely, battery
cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide,
lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders,
cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder,
lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide
powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated
compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded
copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded
plastic; upcycling in the nature of waste recycling. Engineering design services; engineering services, namely,
engineering for the development and mass production of
battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic
materials.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries;
industrial chemicals. Anodes; cathodes. Collection of used/spent batteries for recycling. Material treatment services in connection with recycling;
recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling
of used/spent batteries; treatment of materials in the
nature of used/spent battery recycling, namely, battery
cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide,
lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders,
cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder,
lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide
powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated
compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded
copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded
plastic. Engineering design services; engineering services, namely,
engineering for the development and mass production of
battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic
materials.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries;
(2) Anodes; cathodes. (1) Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling.
(2) Recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling of used and spent batteries; treatment of materials in the nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic; upcycling in the nature of waste recycling.
(3) Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Chemicals for use in the manufacture of lithium ion batteries; catalysts, namely metal catalyst materials, for use in the manufacture of batteries.
(2) Anodes; cathodes. (1) Collection of used/spent batteries for recycling.
(2) Recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling of used/spent batteries; treatment of materials in the nature of used/spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic.
(3) Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries;
industrial chemicals. Anodes; Cathodes. Collection of used/spent batteries for recycling. Material treatment services in connection with recycling;
recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling
of used/spent batteries; treatment of materials in the
nature of used/spent battery recycling, namely, battery
cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide,
lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders,
cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder,
lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide
powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated
compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded
copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded
plastic; upcycling in the nature of waste recycling. Engineering design services; engineering services, namely,
engineering for the development and mass production of
battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic
materials.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries
(2) Anodes; Cathodes. (1) Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling.
(2) Recycling of chemicals; recycling of scrap metal; recycling of used and spent batteries; treatment of materials in the nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic
(3) Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; Industrial chemicals Cathodes; Anodes Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling Material treatment services in connection with recycling; Recycling of chemicals; Recycling of scrap metal; Recycling of used and spent batteries; Treatment of materials in the nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic; Upcycling in the nature of waste recycling Engineering design services; Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials
A method for recycling anode materials from a comingled recycling stream derived from exhausted Li ion batteries includes receiving a precipitate quantity remaining from a cathode recycling stream. This precipitate is almost exclusively graphite used for the anode material in the recycled batteries. The precipitate results from an acid leach of charge material from the lithium battery recycling stream. A strong acid is added to the precipitate for removal of residual cathode and separator materials and the mixture heated. The strong acid removes residual aluminum oxide from the separator by transformation to aluminum sulfate. Washing the acid treated precipitate removes water soluble contaminants, such as the aluminum sulfate reacted from the aluminum oxide and sulfuric acid, to generate substantially pure graphite. Any residual material remaining from the cathode recycling phase is also removed.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; Industrial chemicals Anodes; Cathodes Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling Material treatment services in connection with recycling; Recycling of chemicals; Recycling of scrap metal; Recycling of used and spent batteries; Treatment of materials in the nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic Engineering design services; Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; Industrial chemicals Anodes; Cathodes Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling Material treatment services in connection with recycling; Recycling of chemicals; Recycling of scrap metal; Recycling of used and spent batteries; Treatment of materials in the nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic; Upcycling in the nature of waste recycling Engineering design services; Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
39 - Transport, packaging, storage and travel services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals for use in the manufacture of batteries; Industrial chemicals Anodes; Cathodes Collection of used and spent batteries for recycling Material treatment services in connection with recycling; Recycling of chemicals; Recycling of scrap metal; Recycling of used and spent batteries; Treatment of materials in the nature of used and spent battery recycling, namely, battery cathode and anode active materials, lithium metal oxide, lithium metal phosphate, and graphitic carbon powders, cobalt sulfate, nickel sulfate, manganese sulfate powder, lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, metal hydroxide powder, organic solvents, carbonate solvents, fluorinated compounds for use in battery-related materials, shredded copper, shredded aluminum, shredded steel, and shredded plastic; Upcycling in the nature of waste recycling Engineering design services; Engineering services, namely, engineering for the development and mass production of battery materials, ceramic materials, and metallic materials
