Abstract

An operating method of a communication node in a wireless communication network includes: performing a first monitoring operation on a first link and a second link during a preset period; performing a first random backoff operation in the first link for a first random backoff period, if the first link and the second link are in an idle state according to the first monitoring operation; performing, in the second link, a second random backoff operation for a second random backoff period which is different from the first random backoff period in length; and transmitting a frame at a same point in time in the first link and the second link, if the first link is in the idle state according to the first random backoff operation, and if the state of the second link is an idle state according to execution of the second random backoff operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0833 - Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
• H04L 1/1607 - Details of the supervisory signal
• H04W 72/0446 - Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

The present invention comprises: a memory for storing phase-resolved partial discharge (PRPD) datasets of a gas-insulated switchgear received from an ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensor; and a processor for generating a defect detection model by using the stored PRPD datasets. To detect a partial discharge defect in a gas-insulated switchgear with high accuracy even with a small amount of training data, the processor generates a defect detection model by performing supervised contrastive learning on the basis of pre-collected PRPD datasets, and determines the type of partial discharge defect upon receiving an input of the PRPD data.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/12 - Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage
• G06N 20/00 - Machine learning
• H02B 13/035 - Gas-insulated switchgear

Abstract

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for controlling a takeoff/landing pad structure by using a hexapod mechanism. The method for controlling a takeoff/landing pad structure by using a hexapod mechanism comprises the steps of: receiving eVTOL information from an eVTOL if the eVTOL prepares for landing; predicting the impact weight to be applied to the takeoff/landing pad structure if the eVTOL touches down, by using the received eVTOL information; calculating a first spring stiffness and a first damper damping required for the suspension according to the predicted impact weight; and controlling the suspension by setting the spring stiffness and the damper damping of the suspension with the calculated first spring stiffness and first damper damping.

IPC Classes  ?

• B64F 1/36 - Other airport installations
• B64F 1/00 - Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
• B64F 1/22 - Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations for handling aircraft
• E01F 3/00 - Landing stages for helicopters, e.g. located above buildings
• F16F 15/00 - Suppression of vibrations in systemsMeans or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
• F16F 15/02 - Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating, systemsSuppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating system

Abstract

The present invention relates to: a temperature-sensitive hydrogel for cancer treatment; a photothermal composition comprising the hydrogel as an active ingredient; and a preparation method for the temperature-sensitive hydrogel for cancer treatment. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel of the present invention includes gold nanostars as active ingredients, and thus can generate heat by light irradiation, thereby exhibiting a photothermal therapy effect. In addition, the hydrogel temperature increases so that the release of nitric oxide (NO) from S-nitrosocysteine can be induced. In addition, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel of the present invention includes S-nitrosocysteine as an active ingredient so that, upon a temperature rise due to a photothermal reaction, the penetration of drugs into a tumor site can be improved by the release of NO, and at the same time, apoptosis of cancer cells can be directly caused; and includes an immunotherapy agent as an active ingredient so that tumor size can be effectively suppressed even with the passage of time. Therefore, as a material that enables complex treatment combined with photothermal therapy and immunotherapy, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel of the present invention having the aforementioned effect can be usefully utilized in the field of medicine for cancer treatment.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 41/00 - Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation
• A61K 9/06 - OintmentsBases therefor
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• A61K 33/242 - GoldCompounds thereof
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A61K 47/36 - PolysaccharidesDerivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
• A61P 35/00 - Antineoplastic agents

Abstract

A cooperative maneuvering method based on infrastructure guidance including receiving a first message including a planned path from each of at least one vehicle, determining an infrastructure guidance path for the at least one vehicle based on the planned path, and transmitting a second message including the infrastructure guidance path to the at least one vehicle.

IPC Classes  ?

• G08G 1/16 - Anti-collision systems
• B60W 60/00 - Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles

Abstract

The present invention relates to an organic MXene surface-modified with a catechol-containing polymer, a MXene conductive material, and an organic MXene conductive material, and, more specifically, to: a two-dimensional MXene surface-modified with a catechol-containing polymer, the MXene comprising a two-dimensional MXene and a catechol-containing polymer for surface-modifying the two-dimensional MXene particles, thereby being stable in dispersion of various solvents; and a MXene conductive material included in a capacitor or a secondary battery, containing the two-dimensional MXene.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/90 - Carbides
• H01B 1/24 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon, or silicon
• H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• H01G 11/32 - Carbon-based
• C08G 8/20 - Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with polyhydric phenols
• C08F 16/06 - Polyvinyl alcohol
• C08F 8/28 - Condensation with aldehydes or ketones
• C08F 26/10 - N-Vinyl-pyrrolidone
• C08F 8/00 - Chemical modification by after-treatment

Abstract

The present invention relates to bacteriophage CAP 10-3-derived endolysin and use thereof and, particularly, to bacteriophage CAP 10-3-derived recombinant endolysin and use thereof for preventing or treating acne.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 9/80 - Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in linear amides
• C12N 15/70 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
• A61K 38/50 - Hydrolases (3) acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds (3.5), e.g. asparaginase
• A61P 17/10 - Anti-acne agents
• A01N 63/50 - Isolated enzymesIsolated proteins
• A01P 1/00 - DisinfectantsAntimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for updating a parameter in a roaming procedure of a wireless LAN. The method, performed by a first AP, comprises the steps of: transmitting, for a roaming procedure for an STA, a DS mapping request frame to a first DS to which the first AP belongs; and receiving, from the first DS, a DS mapping response frame indicating completion of a DS mapping procedure, wherein, when the DS mapping procedure has been completed, a DS to which the STA is mapped is changed from the first DS to a second DS to which a second AP belongs, the first AP is a serving AP, and the second AP is a target AP.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 8/02 - Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
• H04W 48/16 - DiscoveringProcessing access restriction or access information
• H04W 36/08 - Reselecting an access point
• H04W 36/00 - Handoff or reselecting arrangements
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 8/08 - Mobility data transfer
• H04W 36/14 - Reselecting a network or an air interface

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a vertical field effect transistor, and a manufacturing method thereof. The vertical field effect transistor according to an embodiment may include: a substrate; a source region, an insulating layer, and a drain region stacked vertically on the substrate; and a tunnel barrier, an active region, a gate barrier, and a gate region are stacked to surround a top surface of the substrate, and the source region, the insulating layer, and the drain region vertically stacked.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10B 41/70 - Electrically erasable-and-programmable ROM [EEPROM] devices comprising floating gates the floating gate being an electrode shared by two or more components

Abstract

The present invention relates to an active material combined with MXene, a cathode active material combined with MXene, a secondary battery, and a supercapacitor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cathode active material combined with MXene, as an active material for capacitors or secondary batteries, the material comprising: a cathode active material and two-dimensional MXene bound to the surface of the cathode active material particles, wherein the cathode active material has an R value of about 3 times before a cycle and an R value of about 7 times after a cycle and can remarkably increase discharge capacity, realize a stable capacity retention rate at a high C-rate, and remarkably reduce a capacity reduction rate at a high C (4C) and a long cycle (1000 cyc).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
• H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFySelection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
• H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
• H01M 10/052 - Li-accumulators
• H01G 11/32 - Carbon-based
• H01G 11/26 - Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
• H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material

Abstract

The present invention relates to a metal foil current collector combined with MXene, and a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a supercapacitor comprising same and, more specifically, to: a metal foil current collector combined with MXene, the current collector having a metal foil and two-dimensional MXene combined with the metal foil; a super capacitor comprising the current collector; a positive electrode metal foil current collector and a negative electrode metal foil current collector combined with the MXene; and a positive electrode for a secondary battery and a negative electrode for a secondary battery, which comprise a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material along with the positive electrode metal foil current collector and the negative electrode metal foil current collector, respectively.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01G 11/68 - Current collectors characterised by their material
• H01G 11/70 - Current collectors characterised by their structure
• H01M 4/66 - Selection of materials
• C01B 32/90 - Carbides
• H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material

Abstract

For fast error reporting in a wireless LAN system, this method for an operation of a station (STA) in a wireless LAN system comprises the steps of: transmitting a plurality of frames in a first link; receiving an error report of a frame in which an error is detected among the plurality of frames, in a second link; and transmitting a retransmission frame including the frame in which the error is detected on the basis of the error report, wherein each of the plurality of frames includes a delimiter, and the delimiter includes information for distinguishing each of the plurality of frames.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 1/16 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
• H04W 28/04 - Error control
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04L 69/14 - Multichannel or multilink protocols

Abstract

A method for operating an access point (AP) in a wireless LAN system for fast error recovery in the wireless LAN system comprises the steps of: receiving multiple frames from an STA; detecting an error of at least one frame among the multiple frames; transmitting a retransmission request on the basis of a frame in which the error is detected; and receiving a retransmission frame on the basis of the retransmission request, wherein the retransmission frame includes the frame in which the error is detected, and the retransmission frame is received in a link in which the retransmission request is transmitted.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

This operating method of an access point (AP) for joint communication of multiple APs in a wireless LAN system comprises the steps of: negotiating for joint transmission with other APs; transmitting information for the joint transmission on the basis of negotiation results; and transmitting a frame on the basis of the negotiation results, wherein the negotiation includes a frequency for the joint transmission, and the frame is transmitted using the frequency for the joint transmission.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04B 7/024 - Co-operative use of antennas at several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
• H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 74/04 - Scheduled access
• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements
• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance

Abstract

The present invention provides a hair color composition capable of developing color upon contact with oxygen, the composition comprising: colloidal particles that include a specific compound with a biphenyl moiety, a first binder, and a first polyphenol; a pigment; and a second binder. The composition enables hair dyeing without hair damage and scalp hypersensitivity reaction, and the colloidal particles enable a pigment having weak coating power on the hair to exhibit dyeing power on the hair, and can prevent the pigment from being smeared on the skin according to the use of the pigment.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 8/34 - Alcohols
• A61K 8/81 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• A61K 8/60 - SugarsDerivatives thereof
• A61K 8/368 - Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof with carboxyl groups directly bound to carbon atoms of aromatic rings
• A61K 8/365 - Hydroxycarboxylic acidsKetocarboxylic acids
• A61K 8/9789 - Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
• A61K 8/19 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
• A61Q 5/06 - Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
• A61Q 5/02 - Preparations for cleaning the hair
• A61Q 5/00 - Preparations for care of the hair

Abstract

The present invention relates to two-dimensional MXene surface-modified with an organic material, an MXene organic ink, and a method for producing same, and more specifically, to a two-dimensional MXene surface-modified with an electrophilic organic material bonded to the surface of two-dimensional MXene surface-modified with an organic/inorganic base to have nucleophilic properties by deprotonating the two-dimensional MXene using the organic/inorganic base.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/90 - Carbides
• C09D 11/03 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
• C09D 11/033 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the solvent
• C09D 11/52 - Electrically conductive inks
• C08K 3/14 - Carbides
• C08K 9/04 - Ingredients treated with organic substances

Abstract

The purpose of the present disclosure is to perform communication by using a subchannel in a wireless LAN system, and a method for operation of an access point (AP) comprises the steps of: detecting that another device other than a station (STA) connected to the AP performs communication on a primary channel; acquiring information related to a time duration in which the communication is performed; switching an operation channel from the primary channel to at least one subchannel during the time duration; transmitting or receiving data on the subchannel; and switching the operation channel to the primary channel.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
• H04W 72/0453 - Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 24/08 - Testing using real traffic

Abstract

The purpose of the present disclosure is to measure a channel on the basis of coordination within a wireless LAN network. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for operation of a station (STA) in a wireless LAN system comprises the steps of: receiving information regarding a time at which a frame is transmitted from a first AP; receiving a scan response message generated on the basis of the information regarding the time at which the frame is transmitted; receiving a frame from a second AP on the basis of the scan response message; measuring a channel on the basis of the frame received from the second AP; and transmitting a measurement report message to the first AP, wherein the information regarding the time at which the frame is transmitted includes a time at which the frame is transmitted by at least one AP including the second AP.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 36/00 - Handoff or reselecting arrangements
• H04W 36/08 - Reselecting an access point
• H04W 36/30 - Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
• H04W 74/0808 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The purpose of the present disclosure is to perform communication by using preemption in a wireless LAN system. A method for operation of a station (STA) comprises the steps of: acquiring at least some of parameters of a first frame on the basis of the first frame; acquiring a preemption indicator from a second frame including the preemption indicator; transmitting a third frame notifying a preemption operation according to the preemption indicator; receiving a fourth frame indicating a resource allocated for the preemption operation; and transmitting preemption data on the basis of the resource, wherein a parameter of the first frame and a parameter of the third frame have the same value.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 72/566 - Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient
• H04W 12/06 - Authentication
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 72/56 - Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access

Abstract

The objective of the present disclosure is to perform communication in a wireless LAN system by using multiple links. This method performed by an access point (AP) comprises the steps of: receiving a frame including information for switching a power saving link to a communication-enabled state, by using an active link; transmitting a response frame by using the active link; switching the power saving link to a communication-enabled state; and receiving an uplink frame and/or transmitting a downlink frame by using the active link and/or the power saving link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements
• H04W 76/27 - Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Limosillactobacillus reuteriWeissella cibariaWeissella cibaria, or mixed strains including Lymosillactobacillus reuteri and Weissella cibaria, a culture thereof, a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating osteoporosis, and a health functional food composition for preventing or improving osteoporosis, each comprising same as an active ingredient.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 1/20 - BacteriaCulture media therefor
• A61K 35/744 - Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs
• A61P 19/10 - Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• C12R 1/01 - Bacteria or actinomycetales

Abstract

A method and a device for request-based low-latency communication in a wireless LAN system are provided. Provided is an operating method of a first device in a wireless LAN system, the method comprising the steps of: receiving downlink data from a second device which is a transmit opportunity (TXOP) holder; transmitting information requesting sharing of the TXOP to the second device; receiving information about a shared TXOP from the second device; and obtaining the shared TXOP, wherein the shared TXOP is a period in which the first device can transmit uplink data.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 72/0446 - Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
• H04W 74/04 - Scheduled access
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A low-latency communication method and device in a wireless LAN system are provided. Provided is a method performed by a station (STA) in a wireless LAN system, the method comprising the steps of: performing at least one of transmission and reception by using a first chain in a first link; performing at least one of transmission and reception by using a second chain in a second link; receiving an initial frame for starting an enhanced multi-link multi radio (EMLMR) operation in the first link; switching the second chain from the second link to the first link on the basis of the initial frame; transmitting information for transmitting a data frame in the second link; switching the second chain from the first link to the second link on the basis of the information; receiving a trigger frame in the second link; and transmitting the data frame in the second link on the basis of at least one of the information and the trigger frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 74/0808 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to communication in an interference situation in a wireless LAN system. This operating method of an access point (AP) comprises the steps of: receiving one or more data frames from a first station (STA); transmitting one or more control frames to one or more stations (STA) including the first STA; and performing an operation related to a transmit opportunity (TXOP) of the first STA, wherein one from among the one or more data frames can include information related to the TXOP of the first STA.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/04 - Scheduled access
• H04W 74/0808 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04W 72/541 - Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
• H04W 24/08 - Testing using real traffic
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present invention relates to: a hair-protecting composition comprising a polyphenol complex made of two or more types of polyphenol compounds in a solvent; and a hair care product comprising same. The hair-protecting composition of the present invention has UV blocking properties, conductivity, and durability and thus, when coated on hair, has the effects of preventing static electricity, repairing and ameliorating hair damage, and increasing mechanical strength, thereby ameliorating the issue of hair breakage.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 8/60 - SugarsDerivatives thereof
• A61K 8/368 - Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof with carboxyl groups directly bound to carbon atoms of aromatic rings
• A61K 8/365 - Hydroxycarboxylic acidsKetocarboxylic acids
• A61K 8/19 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
• A61Q 5/00 - Preparations for care of the hair

Abstract

In a method and apparatus for recovery from a transmission error in a communication system, the method for a first device includes the steps of: configuring a TXOP; transmitting, within the TXOP in a first link, a first data frame to a second device; transmitting, within the TXOP in a second link, a second data frame to the second device; performing, in the first link, a monitoring operation for receiving a first reception response frame for the first data frame during a preset time from a point in time of the end of transmission of the first data frame; and if the first reception response frame is not received, determining, by considering a state of the second link, whether or not to perform a retransmission operation for the first data frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04L 1/08 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
• H04W 24/08 - Testing using real traffic
• H04W 74/0833 - Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access

Abstract

A method and apparatus for low latency communication in a wireless LAN support an enhanced multi-link single radio (eMLSR) operation. A method of operating a station (STA) includes steps of: identifying, by a processor of the station, a restricted target wake time (rTWT) service period (SP) configured by an access point (AP); and receiving, from the AP, a data frame without reception of an initial control frame of the AP within the rTWT SP. A period receivable on multiple spatial streams in a low latency communication service period may be clearly configured, and an eMLSR STA may transmit a frame in the corresponding period. Also, the eMLSR STA may receive the data frame without the reception of the initial control frame of the AP. Accordingly, low latency demands for frame transmission may be satisfied, and the frame may be transmitted at a high speed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method and a device are operable utilizing a wireless local area network (LAN) for low latency communication. A method of operating a station (STA) multi-link device (MLD) in the wireless LAN includes steps of: receiving, by a processor of the station, from a first access point (AP) in a first link, a first frame including information about a first restricted target wake time (rTWT) service period (SP) configured in the first link and information about a second rTWT SP configured in a second link; and receiving, by the processor, from a second AP, a data frame in the second rTWT SP of the second link if reception of the data frame in the first rTWT SP of the first link fails.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present invention provides a graded hair color composition which has colloidal particles formed therein and is capable of developing color upon contact with oxygen, the colloidal particles being capable of further comprising: a specific compound having a biphenyl parent nucleus; a binder; and additionally, polyphenol. The composition enables dyeing hair without hair damage and scalp hypersensitivity, may exhibit excellent preservability by having phase separation and precipitation of the composition prevented through the formation of the colloidal particles, may be formulated into various forms, and may exhibit excellent dyeing characteristics when repeatedly applied to hair.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 8/34 - Alcohols
• A61K 8/19 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
• A61K 8/81 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• A61K 8/67 - Vitamins
• A61K 8/368 - Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof with carboxyl groups directly bound to carbon atoms of aromatic rings
• A61K 8/04 - DispersionsEmulsions
• A61Q 5/10 - Preparations for permanently dyeing the hair

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for an EMLSR operation in a wireless LAN. A method of a first device comprises the steps of: receiving a first data frame from a second device via a first link by using a multi-spatial stream; transmitting a reception response frame to the first data frame to the second device via the first link; transmitting a third data frame, including configuration information for transmitting the second data frame, to the second device via the first link; and transmitting the second data frame to the second device via the second link on the basis of the configuration information.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 24/02 - Arrangements for optimising operational condition
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method and a device for multi-link communication in a wireless LAN are disclosed. A method of a first AP MLD, for achieving the purpose, according to embodiments of the present disclosure comprises the steps of: decoding a first frame transmitted and received between a STA MLD and a second AP MLD in a first link; and when the first link and a second link is an NSTR link pair for the STA MLD, configuring a transmission prohibition interval in the second link on the basis of one or more fields included in the first frame, wherein the first AP MLD is restricted from transmitting a second frame to the STA MLD in the transmission prohibition interval.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
• H04W 72/50 - Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present invention relates to a normalizing flow-based anomaly detection method using multi-scale features and basis location estimation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 3/08 - Learning methods
• G06N 5/01 - Dynamic search techniquesHeuristicsDynamic treesBranch-and-bound
• G06F 18/213 - Feature extraction, e.g. by transforming the feature spaceSummarisationMappings, e.g. subspace methods
• G06F 18/214 - Generating training patternsBootstrap methods, e.g. bagging or boosting

Abstract

A method and a device are disclosed for low latency communication in a communication system supporting multiple links. An operating method of a first device comprises the steps of: receiving a first initial control frame from a second device on a first link from among multiple links; performing a frame transmission/reception procedure with the second device on the first link on which the first initial control frame is received; and operating in a listening mode on one or more links from among the multiple links if the frame transmission/reception procedure is completed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access

Abstract

The present invention relates to an Attention_UNet structure-based object segmentation apparatus comprising a feature extraction module for extracting a feature map during each of sampling processes repeated on a contracting path and an expanding path symmetric to the contracting path, wherein the feature extraction module performs, on the basis of a pre-defined parallel processing structure, sampling on feature maps in channel units segmented from an input feature map, concatenates the feature maps in channel units, which are sampled by using the parallel processing structure, and outputs same.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 7/11 - Region-based segmentation
• G06T 1/20 - Processor architecturesProcessor configuration, e.g. pipelining
• G06T 5/50 - Image enhancement or restoration using two or more images, e.g. averaging or subtraction
• G06V 10/40 - Extraction of image or video features

Abstract

The present invention is characterized by providing a phased hair color composition that forms colloidal particles, which may further contain a specific compound with a biphenyl parent nucleus, a binder, and additionally polyphenol, and can develop color upon contact with oxygen. The composition makes it possible to dye hair without hair damage or scalp hypersensitivity, can exhibit excellent preservability since phase separation and precipitation of the composition is prevented through the formation of the colloidal particles, can be formulated in various formulations, and can exhibit excellent dyeing properties when repeatedly used to treat hair.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 8/34 - Alcohols
• A61K 8/81 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• A61K 8/368 - Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof with carboxyl groups directly bound to carbon atoms of aromatic rings
• A61K 8/49 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
• A61K 8/60 - SugarsDerivatives thereof
• A61K 8/04 - DispersionsEmulsions
• A61Q 5/10 - Preparations for permanently dyeing the hair

Abstract

A method and a device for a preemption operation in a wireless LAN are disclosed. This method of an STA comprises the steps of: transmitting a first data frame to an AP; receiving, as a response to the first data frame, a response frame including preemption information from the AP; and receiving LL traffic from the AP on the basis of the preemption information.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 28/04 - Error control
• H04W 72/50 - Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dynamic impact absorber capable of reducing vibrations of a driving shaft, the dynamic impact absorber comprising: a mass portion having a shape, into which a driving shaft can be inserted through a hole in the inner circumference thereof; a damper portion which surrounds the mass portion and has a penetrating portion corresponding to the center shaft of the mass portion so that the driving shaft can be inserted therethrough; and an impact portion which protrudes from the inner circumference of the mass portion toward the outer circumference of the driving shaft and, when the driving shaft vibrates, attenuates vibrations by colliding with the driving shaft.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16F 15/32 - Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels
• F16F 15/20 - Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by favourable grouping or relative arrangement of the moving members of the system or systems
• F16F 15/126 - Plastics springs, e.g. made of rubber consisting of at least one annular element surrounding the axis of rotation
• B60K 17/22 - Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft

Abstract

A method and a device are disclosed for a non-simultaneous transmit and receive (NSTR) operation in a communication system supporting multiple links. An operating method of a device comprises the steps of: receiving, from an AP, a first frame including configuration information about a TWT SP in a first link from among multiple links; transmitting, to an STA, a second frame including configuration information about a QTP overlapping with the TWT SP in a second link from among the multiple links; and communicating with the AP within the TWT SP configured in the first link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A channel access method for rapid transmission of data in a communication system includes the steps of: performing, for transmission to a first STA, backoff procedures for all ACs; if, from among the backoff procedures, a first backoff procedure has been successful, transmitting, to the first STA, a first data frame associated with the first backoff procedure; and receiving, from the first STA, a reception response frame to the first data frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0833 - Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance

Abstract

In a method and device for reverse transmission of rapid data in a communication system, an AP method includes the steps of: setting up a service section with a STA; transmitting, to the STA, a first data frame containing information indicating that reverse communication is allowed in the service section; receiving, from the STA, a first reception response frame with respect to the first data frame; and performing reverse communication with the STA in a remaining section within the service section.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04W 72/0446 - Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting synchronization information for a NSTR operation in a communication system supporting multi-links. A method of an AP MLD includes the steps of: transmitting a first trigger frame over a first link; transmitting a second trigger frame over a second link; receiving, over the first link, a first data frame triggered by the first trigger frame; receiving, over the second link, a second data frame triggered by the second trigger frame; generating a first reception response frame and a second reception response frame having the same lengths; transmitting the first reception response frame over the first link, as a response to the first data frame; and transmitting the second reception response frame over the second link, as a response to the second data frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 72/0446 - Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
• H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
• H04W 56/00 - Synchronisation arrangements
• H04W 72/12 - Wireless traffic scheduling

Abstract

In a method and device for transmitting and receiving rapid data in a communication system, an AP method includes the steps of: setting a first TS for a first STA; setting a second TS for a second STA; transmitting a first data frame of the first STA in the first TS; and transmitting a second data frame of the second STA in a transmission interval including the second TS, wherein the first TS and the second TS are sequentially set in an rTWT SP.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0816 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
• H04L 1/00 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

A method and a device for resource usage in a wireless LAN supporting MLSR are disclosed. The method of a first STA comprises the steps of: operating in a listening state in a first link; receiving, from a first AP, an initial control frame in the first link; changing an operating state of the first STA from the listening state to a normal transmission/reception state after receiving the initial control frame; determining whether one or more state maintenance conditions are satisfied during the preset time; and maintaining or changing the operation state of the first STA on the basis of whether the one or more state maintenance conditions are satisfied.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/04 - Scheduled access
• H04W 72/50 - Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
• H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04L 1/18 - Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems

Abstract

In a method and device for transmitting and receiving a frame in consideration of the length of data in a communication system supporting multiple links, the method of a first device includes the steps of: receiving a first frame from a second device in a first TXOP on a first link; receiving a second frame from the second device in a second TXOP on a second link; performing a first backoff operation for transmitting a first reception response frame for the first frame on the first link; and “when the first backoff operation is completed and the reception of the second frame is completed”, transmitting the first reception response frame to the second device on the first link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/0833 - Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
• H04W 76/20 - Manipulation of established connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting and correcting positioning errors of sensed objects in real time in infrastructure sensors. A method for detecting and correcting positioning errors of sensed objects in real time in infrastructure sensors may include: (a) acquiring an image from an infrastructure sensor; (b) determining a first pixel corresponding to a corner of each object included in the image, and a second pixel which does not correspond to the corner of the object; (c) generating a binary matrix corresponding to the first pixel and the second pixel; and (d) calibrating an absolute coordinate of the image according to a similarity based on the binary matrix.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 7/80 - Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
• G06F 11/07 - Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
• G06V 10/75 - Organisation of the matching processes, e.g. simultaneous or sequential comparisons of image or video featuresCoarse-fine approaches, e.g. multi-scale approachesImage or video pattern matchingProximity measures in feature spaces using context analysisSelection of dictionaries

Abstract

A method and a device for EMLMR-based communication in a wireless LAN are disclosed. A method of an STA MLD comprises the steps of: configuring a maximum NSS for an EMLMR operation with an AP MLD; receiving, from the AP MLD, a use indication of n spatial streams less than or equal to the maximum NSS in a first link; and performing communication with the AP MLD by using the n spatial streams in the first link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present invention relates to a logic circuit using a floating gate field effect transistor. The logic circuit may comprise: a first vertical field effect transistor having a gate to which a first input signal is applied and a drain to which a second input signal is applied; a first type of first sensor transistor having a gate which is connected to a source of the first vertical field effect transistor and a source which is connected to a ground; a second vertical field effect transistor having a gate to which the first input signal is applied and a drain to which the second input signal is applied; and a second type of second sensor transistor having a gate which is connected to a source of the second vertical field effect transistor, a source which is connected to an output signal and a drain of the first sensor transistor, and a drain to which a reference voltage is applied.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 19/21 - EXCLUSIVE-OR circuits, i.e. giving output if input signal exists at only one inputCOINCIDENCE circuits, i.e. giving output only if all input signals are identical
• H01L 27/092 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate complementary MIS field-effect transistors
• H01L 29/78 - Field-effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate

Abstract

A method and a device for medium access in multi-link synchronization transmission are disclosed. This method of a STA MLD comprises the steps of: performing a first backoff operation in a first link; maintaining, as 0, a backoff counter value for the first backoff operation for multi-link synchronization transmission in the first link and a second link if the first backoff operation is completed; performing a second backoff operation in the second link; and performing the multi-link synchronization transmission in the first link and the second link if the second backoff operation is completed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 56/00 - Synchronisation arrangements
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a cathode active material with excellent electrochemical properties and a cathode active material prepared thereby.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 53/00 - Compounds of nickel
• H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material

Abstract

A method and device for a power saving operation in a communication system supporting multiple links includes a method of a first device including the steps of performing a PS setting procedure with a second device; generating a first frame including a first data unit, for initiating a transmission operation according to the PS setting procedure; and transmitting the first frame to the second device in a first link mapped to the first data unit among multiple links set between the first device and the second device.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for recovering errors in a wireless LAN. This method performed by a STA MLD comprises the steps of: transmitting, by a first STA linked with the STA MLD, a first frame to a first AP linked with an AP MLD on a first link; transmitting, by a second STA linked with the STA MLD, a second frame to a second AP linked with the AP MLD on a second link; if the transmission of the first frame fails, retransmitting, by the first STA, the first frame to the first AP on the first link; and receiving, from the first AP, a first reception response frame for the first frame on the first link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 28/04 - Error control
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method and a device for receiving downlink traffic in a communication system supporting multiple links are disclosed. An operation method of a first device includes the steps of: transmitting a traffic indication map (TIM) through a first link from among multiple links; transmitting, through the first link, first information for indicating one or more links through which a data unit stored in the first device is transmitted; and using the one or more links indicated by the first information, so as to transmit the data unit to a second device indicated by the TIM.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements
• H04W 76/11 - Allocation or use of connection identifiers
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for low power operation in a wireless LAN supporting multiple links. A method of a first device comprises the steps in which: a first STA associated with the first device performs communication with a first AP in a first link; a second STA associated with the first device performs a power reduction operation in a second link during a period in which the communication is being performed in the first link; and the second STA operates in an awake state, instead of performing the power reduction operation, in the second link after the communication in the first link has been completed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements
• H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting and receiving data in a communication system supporting multiple links. The method of a first device comprises the steps of: performing a first backoff operation for a first AC in a first link; performing a second backoff operation for a second AC in the first link; performing a third backoff operation for a third AC in a second link; if the first backoff operation and the second backoff operation in the first link are performed successfully, selecting one AC from among the first AC and the second AC; and, if the third backoff operation is performed successfully, simultaneously performing a first transmission operation of a first frame comprising a data unit corresponding to the selected one AC in the first link and a second transmission operation of a second frame comprising a data unit corresponding to the third AC in the second link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 76/20 - Manipulation of established connections

Abstract

In a method and device for transmitting and receiving a response frame in a wireless system supporting multiple links, a method of a first device includes the steps of: performing a first backoff operation for a first AC in a first link; performing a second backoff operation for a second AC in a second link; “when the first backoff operation is completed and one or more conditions are met”, transmitting, in the first link, a first data frame including one or more data units corresponding to the first AC and information indicating the transmission of an ML BA frame; when the second backoff operation is completed, transmitting, in the second link, a second data frame including one or more data units corresponding to the second AC; and receiving the ML BA frame after transmitting the second data frame in the second link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 28/06 - Optimising, e.g. header compression, information sizing

Abstract

In a method and a device for a MLSR operation in a wireless LAN, an operation method of a first device includes the steps of: performing first communication with a second device in a first link; performing a listening operation in one or more links after the end of the first communication; and starting a delay timer in a second link from among one or more links, wherein the first device does not initiate a frame transmission operation in the second link during the time corresponding to the delay timer.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

A method and a device for low power operation in a wireless LAN supporting an MLSR operation are disclosed. The method of an STA MLD comprises steps in which: a power saving operation is performed in a first link and a second link; a first STA receives a beacon frame from a first AP associated with an AP MLD while the first STA associated with the STA MLD operates in an awake state in the first link; the first STA performs first communication with the first AP in the first link on the basis of the beacon frame; and, after completion of the first communication, a second STA performs second communication with a second AP associated with the AP MLD while the second STA associated with the STA MLD operates in the awake state in the second link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 74/06 - Scheduled access using polling
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method and a device for V2X communication channel estimation are disclosed. The V2X communication channel estimation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include calculating a first channel estimation value in a time-axis forward direction from a first midamble and a second channel estimation value in a time-axis backward direction from a second midamble located after the first midamble, based on a data pilot aided (DPA) channel estimation algorithm that uses a channel estimation value of a previous OFDM symbol to iteratively update a channel estimation value, and estimating, based on the first channel estimation value and the second channel estimation value, a final channel value of a specific OFDM symbol located between the first midamble and the second midamble.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
• H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
• H04W 72/0446 - Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a cathode active material and a method for manufacturing the same, and in particular, to a cathode active material capable of accelerating charge transfer and lithium ion diffusion by shortening a distance of lithium diffusion through electrospinning a mixture solution for manufacturing the cathode active material, and a method for manufacturing the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 53/00 - Compounds of nickel
• D01D 5/00 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
• D01D 10/02 - Heat treatment
• D01F 8/18 - Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, man-made filaments or the likeManufacture thereof from other substances
• D01F 9/08 - Man-made filaments or the like of other substancesManufacture thereofApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material

Abstract

A method and a device for transmitting/receiving data in a communication system supporting a multi-link includes a method of a first device, including the steps of: performing a first back-off operation on a first data frame in a first link; performing a second back-off operation on a second data frame in a second link; transmitting the first data frame to a second device in the first link if the first back-off operation is successful; generating a second data frame part #1 and a second data frame part #2 by performing a fragmentation operation for the second data frame in order to match a transmission completion point of the second data frame with a transmission completion point of the first data frame if the second back-off operation is successful during the transmission of the first data frame; and transmitting the second data frame part #1 to the second device in the second link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

A method and device for transmitting and receiving data in a communication system supporting multiple links include the steps of performing a first backoff operation for a first frame to be transmitted to first STA MLD in a first link from among multiple links; performing a second backoff operation for a second frame to be transmitted to second STA MLD in the first link; deferring transmission to the first frame if the first backoff operation is complete and communication between the AP MLD and the first STA MLD is established in a second link from among the multiple links; and transmitting the second frame to the second STA MLD in the first link if the second backoff operation is complete.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

The power transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a motor; a lower cover having a first coupling portion that is coupled to the motor and a guard that protects the motor by covering same; a power shaft unit having a main shaft connected to a rotary shaft; a driving body that rotates in the direction in which the rotary shaft rotates and provided with a driver on the outer side thereof; and a following body provided with a circular second coupling portion centered on the rotary shaft, and comprising a first follower that comes into contact with the driver when the driving body rotates in a first direction and a second follower that comes into contact with the driver when the driving body rotates in a second direction. In addition, the following body rotates in the first direction when the driving body rotates in the first direction, and the following body rotates about the rotary shaft in the second direction when the driving body rotates in the second direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• B25J 9/12 - Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements electric
• F16H 1/28 - Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
• F16H 57/021 - Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
• F16H 57/023 - Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
• B25J 9/00 - Programme-controlled manipulators

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a device for saving power in a communication system supporting multiple links. An operation method of a first STA affiliated with a first device comprises: transmitting, to a first AP affiliated with a second device, a first frame which requests configuration of one or more TWT SPs for multiple links including a first link and a second link being in an NSTR relationship; and receiving, from the first AP, a second frame including configuration information of the one or more TWT SPs, wherein the one or more TWT SPs in the first link and the one or more TWT SPs in the second link are identically configured.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for dynamic reestablishment of multi-links. The method for a first device comprises the steps of: performing, with a second device, first communication according to an NSTR operation on one link from among a first link and a second link; transmitting, to the second device on the one link, STR reconfiguration information including one or more information elements necessary for a conditional STR operation; and on the basis of the one or more information elements, performing, with the second device on the first link and the second link, second communication according to the conditional STR operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 1/00 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
• H04L 69/14 - Multichannel or multilink protocols
• H04L 69/24 - Negotiation of communication capabilities
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections

Abstract

A method and apparatus for low latency communication in a wireless LAN supporting multiple links are disclosed. The method of a first device comprises the steps of: identifying an SP that is set in a second link; and communicating with a second device in a first link before the start time of the SP, wherein the communication between the first device and the second device ends before the start time of the SP.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 56/00 - Synchronisation arrangements
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a device for low latency communication in a dense environment. A method of a first STA comprises the steps of: checking a first SP configured by a first AP connected to a first STA; checking a second SP configured by a second AP; checking that the first SP overlaps with the second SP; and transmitting, to the first AP, a measurement report frame indicating the overlap between the first SP and the second SP.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements
• H04W 24/10 - Scheduling measurement reports
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a surface-modified two-dimensional MXene and a method for manufacturing the same, and in particular, to a surface-modified two-dimensional MXene having the surface modified with a compound including a hydroxyl group or an ionic compound, thereby preventing oxidation of MXene and improving dispersibility.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/921 - Titanium carbide

Abstract

A method and a device are disclosed for address resolution protocol (ARP) operation in a communication system supporting multiple links. An operation method of a first device comprises the steps of: receiving, from a communication node, an ARP request packet requesting the transmission of a MAC address of a second device connected to the first device; finding, in an ARP table stored in the first device, a representative MAC address of the second device requested by the ARP request packet; and transmitting an ARP response packet including the representative MAC address to the communication node.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 61/255 - Maintenance or indexing of mapping tables
• H04L 61/103 - Mapping addresses of different types across network layers, e.g. resolution of network layer into physical layer addresses or address resolution protocol [ARP]
• H04L 101/622 - Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses

Abstract

The present invention relates to a metal melting device for melting a metal by using solar heat, the device comprising: a reactor having an open upper end; a container disposed within the reactor and accommodating a metal to be melted; and a solar absorbing plate disposed above the metal within the container, wherein the solar absorbing plate includes carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The present invention relates to a metal melting method for melting a metal by using solar heat, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a solar absorbing plate including carbon nanotubes (CNTs); placing a metal to be melted in a container within a reactor having an open upper end; placing the solar absorbing plate above the metal; supplying gas into the reactor; and providing solar heat through a lens unit installed above the reactor.

IPC Classes  ?

• F27B 17/00 - Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups
• F27D 1/00 - CasingsLiningsWallsRoofs
• F27D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Abstract

Clostridium difficileClostridium difficile; and a medicine or health functional food containing said composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 36/38 - Clusiaceae, Hypericaceae or Guttiferae (Hypericum or Mangosteen family), e.g. common St. Johnswort
• A61K 31/352 - Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. cannabinols, methantheline
• A61P 31/04 - Antibacterial agents
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives

Abstract

The present invention relates to a step-wise hair color composition and a cosmetic composition comprising the hair color composition, the hair color composition comprising nanoparticles and a polyphenol, wherein the nanoparticles contain an iron salt, an anti-oxidant, and water, have a mean particle diameter of 90 to 320 nm, and develop color by contact with oxygen.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 8/19 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
• A61K 8/58 - Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus
• A61K 8/368 - Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof with carboxyl groups directly bound to carbon atoms of aromatic rings
• A61K 8/60 - SugarsDerivatives thereof
• A61Q 5/06 - Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring

Abstract

A method and a device are disclosed for low-power operation-based communication in a communication system supporting a multi-link. An operation method of a first device comprises the steps of: transitioning the operating state of a first device from a sleep state to an awake state in a first link of a multi-link; receiving a beacon frame from a second device in the first link; transmitting a first PS-Poll frame to the second device in the first link if the beacon frame indicates that a data frame to be transmitted is present in the first link; and performing a transmission/reception operation for a data frame with the second device in the first link after transmitting the first PS-Poll frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 52/02 - Power saving arrangements
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections

Abstract

The present invention relates to: a photosensitive hydrogel for cancer treatment; a photothermal composition comprising the hydrogel as an active ingredient; and a preparation method for a photosensitive hydrogel for cancer treatment. The photosensitive hydrogel of the present invention includes gold nanostars as active ingredients, and thus can generate heat by light irradiation, thereby exhibiting a photothermal therapy effect. In addition, the hydrogel temperature increases so that the release of nitrogen monoxide (NO) from S-nitrosocysteine can be induced. In addition, the photosensitive hydrogel of the present invention includes S-nitrosocysteine as an active ingredient so that, upon a temperature rise due to a photothermal reaction, the penetration of drugs into a tumor site can be improved by the release of NO, and at the same time, apoptosis of cancer cells can be directly caused; and includes an immunotherapy agent as an active ingredient so that tumor size can be effectively suppressed even with the passage of time. Therefore, as a material that enables complex treatment combined with photothermal therapy and immunotherapy, the photosensitive hydrogel of the present invention having the aforementioned effect can be usefully utilized in the field of medicine for cancer treatment.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 41/00 - Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation
• A61K 9/06 - OintmentsBases therefor
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A61P 35/00 - Antineoplastic agents
• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 33/242 - GoldCompounds thereof

Abstract

Provided is a method for moving route planning and marker automatic making, including reading, by a computing device, a first map in which a north direction is marked to display the first map on a monitor, acquiring, by the computing device, a user input regarding an azimuth to change a direction indicated by an arrow icon to be displayed on the monitor based on the user input regarding the azimuth, acquiring, by the computing device, a user input regarding node creation to display two or more nodes in a state of being overlapped on the first map based on the user input regarding the node creation, acquiring, by the computing device, a user input regarding link creation to display an arrow-shaped link connecting between two nodes disposed on the monitor in a state of being overlapped on the first map based on the user input regarding the link creation, creating, by the computing device, a table of a first type of markers respectively corresponding to the two or more nodes displayed in the state of being overlapped on the first map and a second type of markers corresponding to links displayed in the state of being overlapped on the first map, and outputting, by the computing device, the first type of markers and the second type of markers in a form of an image file based on information included in the table to store the output markers in a storage device.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01C 22/00 - Measuring distance traversed on the ground by vehicles, persons, animals or other moving solid bodies, e.g. using odometers or using pedometers
• H04W 4/024 - Guidance services

Abstract

A method and device are disclosed for transmitting/receiving a frame in a multi-link-supporting communication system. An operation method of a first device comprises the steps of: receiving a first beacon frame in a first link from a second device; carrying out a monitoring operation in a second link in order to receive a second beacon frame from the second device; and if the second beacon frame is not received in the second link, determining that the second link is in an unreachable state.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 48/16 - DiscoveringProcessing access restriction or access information
• H04W 72/0453 - Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for low latency communication in a wireless LAN supporting an enhanced multi-link single radio (eMLSR) operation. A method of a station (STA) comprises the steps of: identifying rTWT SP configured by an access point (AP); and receiving, from the AP, a data frame without reception of an initial control frame of the AP within the rTWT SP. According to the present disclosure, a period receivable on multiple spatial streams in a low latency communication service period may be clearly configured, and an eMLSR STA may transmit a frame in the corresponding period. Also, the eMLSR STA may receive the data frame without the reception of the initial control frame of the AP. Accordingly, low latency demands for frame transmission may be satisfied, and the frame may be transmitted at a high speed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method and a device for low latency communication in a wireless LAN are disclosed. The STA MLD method comprises the steps of: receiving, from a first AP in a first link, a first frame including information about a first rTWT SP configured in the first link and information about a second rTWT SP configured in a second link; and receiving, from a second AP, a data frame in the second rTWT SP of the second link if reception of the data frame in the first rTWT SP of the first link fails.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
• H04W 28/18 - Negotiating wireless communication parameters
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and a method for processing road situation data. A road situation data processing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is a road situation data processing method which is performed by a processor of an apparatus for processing road situation data including: collecting sensing data on objects on a road from a plurality of sensors provided on the road; modeling a relationship between the objects on a graph based on sensing data on the objects; constructing a grid-based spatial index with respect to the graph modeling result; removing redundant sensing data among sensing data on the objects included in the grid-based spatial index; extracting an object corresponding to a response to a query by performing a predetermined query on the objects from which the redundant sensing data is removed; and outputting context awareness data to the object corresponding to the response to the query.

IPC Classes  ?

• G08G 1/16 - Anti-collision systems
• G08G 1/01 - Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
• G08G 1/017 - Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
• G06V 20/54 - Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects of traffic, e.g. cars on the road, trains or boats

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vertical field effect transistor, and a manufacturing method thereof. The vertical field effect transistor according to an embodiment may include: a substrate; a source region, an insulating layer, and a drain region which are stacked in a vertical direction on the substrate; and a tunnel barrier, an active region, a gate barrier, and a gate region which are stacked so as to surround the upper surface of the substrate, and the source region, the insulating layer, and the drain region which are stacked in the vertical direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 29/78 - Field-effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
• H01L 29/66 - Types of semiconductor device
• H01L 29/08 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
• H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds

Abstract

The present invention relates to: a gene carrier for oral administration; a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating diabetes, comprising the gene carrier as an active ingredient; and a method of preparing the gene carrier for oral administration. The gene carrier for oral administration of the present invention has a coating layer of alginic acid on a surface, and thus can protect genes from decomposition caused by stomach acid (digestive juice); and is in the form of a complex in which a cell-permeable and follicle associated epithelium (FAE)-targeting peptide is bound to a glycol chitosan-polyethylene glycol copolymer having cationic properties, and thus can effectively transfer genes through intestinal epithelial microfold cells (M cells) to an organ being targeted, while condensing genes having anionic properties. Accordingly, the gene carrier of the present invention can overcome physical barriers (stomach pH and enzymes) and biological barriers (intestinal epithelial barrier) effectively, and thus useful utilization thereof as a carrier of various genes for oral administration is expected.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 48/00 - Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseasesGene therapy
• A61K 38/26 - Glucagons
• A61P 3/10 - Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for recovery from a transmission error in a communication system. The method for a first device comprises the steps of: configuring a TXOP; transmitting, within the TXOP in a first link, a first data frame to a second device; transmitting, within the TXOP in a second link, a second data frame to the second device; performing, in the first link, a monitoring operation for receiving a first reception response frame for the first data frame during a preset time from a point in time of the end of transmission of the first data frame; and if the first reception response frame is not received, determining, by considering a state of the second link, whether or not to perform a retransmission operation for the first data frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 28/04 - Error control
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an electrode active material that reduces residual Li, an electrode active material, and a lithium ion battery comprising same.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 53/00 - Compounds of nickel
• H01M 4/525 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• H01M 4/505 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries

Abstract

A method and device for updating parameters in a communication system supporting multi-link are disclosed. An operation method for a first device comprises: transmitting a first frame to a second device through a first link in a multi-link, the first frame including updated parameters used for a communication operation in the first link; transmitting a second frame to the second device through a second link in the multi-link, the second frame including information indicating that the updated parameters are present; and transmitting a third frame including the updated parameters to the second device through one link in the multi-link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 4/06 - Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]Services to user groupsOne-way selective calling services

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for direct communication in a wireless LAN. An operation method of a first device comprises the steps of: transmitting a first frame, which is for setting up a direct communication link, to a second device over one or more links among multiple links; receiving a second frame, which is a response to the first frame, from the second device over the one or more links; and directly communicating with one or more peer devices over the direct communication link when the second frame is received.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 76/14 - Direct-mode setup
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving data in a communication system supporting multiple links. A method for operation of a first device comprises the steps of: transmitting, in a first link from among multiple links, a first RTS frame to a second device; receiving, from the second device in the first link, a first CTS frame that is a response to the first RTS frame; when the first CTS frame is received, transmitting, in the first link, a first data frame to the second device; and transmitting, in a second link during transmission of the first data frame, a second RTS frame to the second device.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and a device for indicating data transmission in a communication system supporting multiple links. A first device operating method comprises: generating a data frame including first information indicating a communication method in multiple links including a first link and a second link; transmitting the data frame to a second device in the multiple links; and receiving an ACK frame for the data frame from the second device in one or more links from among the multiple links.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 7/0452 - Multi-user MIMO systems
• H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
• H04W 56/00 - Synchronisation arrangements

Abstract

A method and a device are disclosed for direct communication in a wireless local area network (LAN) system. An operation method of an access point comprises the steps of: transmitting a first frame including time information of a first communication period to a first station in order to configure the first communication period; receiving, from the first station, a second frame that is a response frame to the first frame, and configuring the first communication period; and after receiving the second frame, transmitting a third frame including time information of a second communication period to a second station in order to configure the second communication period within the first communication period.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

Disclosed are a high-temperature capacitive energy storage film having a structure in which graphene fluoride (GF) is sandwiched between aramid nanofibers (ANFs) and a method of manufacturing the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01G 4/33 - Thin- or thick-film capacitors
• H01G 4/012 - Form of non-self-supporting electrodes
• H01G 4/08 - Inorganic dielectrics

Abstract

A road network matching system of the present invention comprises: an input unit for receiving trajectory data; a matching server for deriving matching candidate links, which can be matched to the input trajectory data by using a grid index, and matching location data and any one of the matching candidate links while sequentially transitioning the state of the location data included in the trajectory data; an output unit for outputting a set of links matched to the location data included in the trajectory data; and a database for storing a link currently matched, by the matching server, to the location data.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01C 21/30 - Map- or contour-matching
• G01C 21/14 - NavigationNavigational instruments not provided for in groups by using measurement of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigatedDead reckoning by recording the course traversed by the object
• G01C 21/34 - Route searchingRoute guidance
• G01C 21/00 - NavigationNavigational instruments not provided for in groups
• G06Q 50/30 - Transportation; Communications

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting and receiving data in a communication system supporting multiple links. A method of operating a first device comprises: performing an operation for receiving a first frame from a second device in a first link among multiple links; performing a channel access operation to transmit a second frame to the second device in a second link among the multiple links during a period corresponding to the reception period of the first frame; and transmitting the second frame to the second device in the second link “after the channel access operation is completed and the reception period ends”.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 72/1273 - Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of downlink data flows

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for reverse transmission of rapid data in a communication system. An AP method comprises the steps of: setting up a service section with a STA; transmitting, to the STA, a first data frame containing information indicating that reverse communication is allowed in the service section; receiving, from the STA, a first reception response frame with respect to the first data frame; and performing reverse communication with the STA in a remaining section within the service section.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/04 - Scheduled access
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 72/04 - Wireless resource allocation
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method and device are disclosed for channel connection in a wireless communication system supporting multiple links. An operation method for the device comprises the steps of: performing a first back-off operation in a first link among multiple links; stopping the first back-off operation when the first link is determined to be in a busy state due to the first back-off operation; and using a new back-off counter value to perform a second back-off operation in a second link among the multiple links when the second link is in an idle state in a preset period prior to the point in time at which the first back-off operation is stopped.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

Disclosed is a channel access method for rapid transmission of data in a communication system. The method for an AP comprises the steps of: performing, for transmission to a first STA, backoff procedures for all ACs; if, from among the backoff procedures, a first backoff procedure has been successful, transmitting, to the first STA, a first data frame associated with the first backoff procedure; and receiving, from the first STA, a reception response frame to the first data frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/04 - Scheduled access
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 72/04 - Wireless resource allocation
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting synchronization information for a NSTR operation in a communication system supporting multi-links. A method of an AP MLD comprises the steps of: transmitting a first trigger frame over a first link; transmitting a second trigger frame over a second link; receiving, over the first link, a first data frame triggered by the first trigger frame; receiving, over the second link, a second data frame triggered by the second trigger frame; generating a first reception response frame and a second reception response frame having the same lengths; transmitting the first reception response frame over the first link, as a response to the first data frame; and transmitting the second reception response frame over the second link, as a response to the second data frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 56/00 - Synchronisation arrangements
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting and receiving rapid data in a communication system. An AP method comprises the steps of: setting a first TS for a first STA; setting a second TS for a second STA; transmitting a first data frame of the first STA in the first TS; and transmitting a second data frame of the second STA in a transmission interval including the second TS, wherein the first TS and the second TS are sequentially set in an rTWT SP.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/04 - Scheduled access
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 72/04 - Wireless resource allocation
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for STR in a wireless LAN that supports multi-links are disclosed. An operating method of a first communication node comprises the steps of: transmitting a first frame to a second communication node through a first link from among multi-links; receiving, from the second communication node, a response frame for the first frame through the first link; checking a channel occupancy time in a second link from among the multi-links on the basis of first information included in the response frame; and performing a sensing operation in a preset section after the end of the channel occupancy time in the second link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for an EMLSR operation in a wireless LAN. A method of a first device comprises the steps of: receiving a first data frame from a second device via a first link by using a multi-spatial stream; transmitting a reception response frame to the first data frame to the second device via the first link; transmitting a third data frame, including configuration information for transmitting the second data frame, to the second device via the first link; and transmitting the second data frame to the second device via the second link on the basis of the configuration information.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 74/00 - Wireless channel access
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
• H04B 7/0413 - MIMO systems
• H04L 69/14 - Multichannel or multilink protocols
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and apparatus for cooperative communication using a multi-link in a communication system. An operating method of a first device comprises the steps of: generating a first request frame including an information element indicating a link switch time point; transmitting, to a second device, the first request frame via a first link; and receiving, from the second device via the first link, a first response frame indicating that the information element included in the first request frame has been identified.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]

Abstract

A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a block acknowledgement (ACK) in a wireless local area network (LAN) system are disclosed. An operation method for a first communication node comprises the steps of: generating a first data frame including first add block acknowledgment (ADDBA) information; transmitting the first data frame to a second communication node; and receiving, from the second communication node, a first receiver address (RA) including second ADDBA information generated by the second communication node in response to the first data frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 1/16 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and device for transmitting and receiving a frame in consideration of the length of data in a communication system supporting multiple links. A method of a first device comprises the steps of: receiving a first frame from a second device in a first TXOP on a first link; receiving a second frame from the second device in a second TXOP on a second link; performing a first backoff operation for transmitting a first reception response frame for the first frame on the first link; and "when the first backoff operation is completed and the reception of the second frame is completed", transmitting the first reception response frame to the second device on the first link.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 28/02 - Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
• H04W 74/08 - Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
• H04W 76/15 - Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• H04L 69/14 - Multichannel or multilink protocols
• H04L 69/322 - Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
• H04W 84/12 - WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]