Abstract

There is disclosed a method and apparatus for improving lithium yield of lithium lithium-selective media in one or more packed-bed columns in a direct lithium extraction process. The method comprises the steps of a) passing the lithium-selective media and a stream of process fluid through a screening zone; and b) collecting a portion of lithium-selective media having a required particle-size distribution and/or free of contaminants.

IPC Classes  ?

• B03B 9/00 - General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
• B01D 15/20 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating

Abstract

There is disclosed a method for treatment of an aqueous lithium salt-containing solution in a direct lithium extraction process comprising lithium-selective media, wherein the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution comprises one or more foulants, the method comprising the steps of adjusting the oxidative-reductive potential and/or pH of the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution to render the one or more foulants inert to the lithium-selective media; and removing the one or more inert foulants from the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution prior to addition of the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution to the lithium-selective media in a direct lithium extraction process.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 3/22 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means
• C22B 3/42 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
• C22B 26/12 - Obtaining lithium

Abstract

There is disclosed a method and apparatus for improving lithium yield of lithium lithium- selective media in one or more packed-bed columns in a direct lithium extraction process. The method comprises the steps of a) passing the lithium-selective media and a stream of process fluid through a screening zone; and b) collecting a portion of lithium-selective media having a required particle-size distribution and/or free of contaminants.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 15/20 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
• B01D 15/10 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
• B01J 47/14 - Controlling or regulating
• B01J 49/06 - Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangersApparatus therefor of fixed beds containing cationic exchangers
• B01J 49/60 - Cleaning or rinsing ion-exchange beds
• B01J 49/53 - Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangersApparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents for cationic exchangers
• B08B 3/04 - Cleaning involving contact with liquid
• B08B 5/00 - Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
• B08B 13/00 - Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
• B01D 29/00 - Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups Filtering elements therefor
• B01J 20/00 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
• B01J 39/00 - Cation exchangeUse of material as cation exchangersTreatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
• B01D 15/36 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving ionic interaction, e.g. ion-exchange, ion-pair, ion-suppression or ion-exclusion
• B03B 5/00 - Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materialsWet separating
• B03B 5/48 - Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materialsWet separating by mechanical classifiers
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C22B 3/24 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
• C22B 3/42 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
• C22B 26/12 - Obtaining lithium

Abstract

There is disclosed a method for treatment of an aqueous lithium salt-containing solution in a direct lithium extraction process comprising lithium-selective media, wherein the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution comprises one or more foulants, the method comprising the steps of adjusting the oxidative-reductive potential and/or pH of the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution to render the one or more foulants inert to the lithium-selective media; and removing the one or more inert foulants from the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution prior to addition of the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution to the lithium-selective media in a direct lithium extraction process.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 15/12 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the preparation of the feed
• B01D 15/10 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
• B01D 15/16 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the fluid carrier
• B01D 15/20 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
• B01J 20/00 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
• B01J 39/00 - Cation exchangeUse of material as cation exchangersTreatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
• B01J 47/016 - Modification or after-treatment of ion-exchangers
• B01J 49/06 - Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangersApparatus therefor of fixed beds containing cationic exchangers
• B01J 49/53 - Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangersApparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents for cationic exchangers
• B01J 49/60 - Cleaning or rinsing ion-exchange beds
• C02F 1/00 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 1/42 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
• C02F 1/52 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
• C02F 1/54 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
• C02F 1/60 - Silicon compounds
• C02F 1/64 - Heavy metal compounds of iron or manganese
• C02F 1/66 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisationTreatment of water, waste water, or sewage pH adjustment
• C02F 1/70 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
• C02F 1/72 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
• C02F 1/74 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
• C02F 1/76 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
• C02F 1/78 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
• C22B 3/20 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
• C22B 3/22 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means
• C22B 3/24 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
• C22B 3/42 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
• C22B 3/44 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
• B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
• B01D 15/36 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving ionic interaction, e.g. ion-exchange, ion-pair, ion-suppression or ion-exclusion
• C02F 101/10 - Inorganic compounds
• C02F 101/12 - Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
• C02F 101/20 - Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
• C22B 26/12 - Obtaining lithium
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 1/13 - Ozone

Goods & Services

Separation process for lithium extraction and refinement

Abstract

A fluid distributor is provided for distributing a fluid in an up-flow reactor. The fluid distributor includes a supply pipe and a plurality of fluid distribution arms that extend from the supply pipe. Each of the fluid distribution arms has a plurality of holes for discharging the fluid. An elongated hood is spaced from and at least partially surrounds each of the fluid distribution arms to redirect the fluid when discharged from the plurality of holes in the fluid distribution arms. Each hood has a plurality of holes for allowing the passage of the fluid through the hood. Each of the hoods is formed from a plurality of hood segments that positioned end to end along a length of the fluid distribution arm and have deflectors to impede the fluid from flowing between adjacent ones of the hood segments.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01F 25/313 - Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
• B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
• B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds

Abstract

There is disclosed a process for selectively purifying a lithium chloride product stream from an aqueous lithium salt-containing solution, the process comprising the steps of: introducing the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution to one or more columns filled with a lithium selective sorbent; flowing the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution through the one or more columns to adsorb lithium chloride from the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution onto a sorbent and form a sorbent with a greater lithium chloride content than the sorbent prior to introducing the solution; flowing a desorbent fluid once-through the at least one or more columns to desorb lithium chloride from the sorbent into an eluate stream, wherein the desorbent fluid is flowed in a co-current direction with respect to the direction of flow of the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution, and recovering a lithium chloride product stream from the eluate stream, wherein the eluate stream has a Li:TDS ratio of 0.08 or more.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 3/24 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
• B01D 15/02 - Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbentsApparatus therefor with moving adsorbents
• B01D 61/02 - Reverse osmosisHyperfiltration
• C01D 15/04 - Halides
• C22B 3/42 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
• C22B 26/12 - Obtaining lithium
• B01J 47/02 - Column or bed processes

Abstract

There is disclosed a process for selectively purifying a lithium chloride product stream from an aqueous lithium salt-containing solution, the process comprising the steps of: introducing the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution to one or more columns filled with a lithium selective sorbent; flowing the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution through the one or more columns to adsorb lithium chloride from the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution onto a sorbent and form a sorbent with a greater lithium chloride content than the sorbent prior to introducing the solution; flowing a desorbent fluid once-through the at least one or more columns to desorb lithium chloride from the sorbent into an eluate stream, wherein the desorbent fluid is flowed in a co-current direction with respect to the direction of flow of the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution, and recovering a lithium chloride product stream from the eluate stream, wherein the eluate stream has a Li:TDS ratio of 0.08 or more.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01D 15/04 - Halides
• B01D 15/42 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the development mode, e.g. by displacement or by elution
• B01D 61/02 - Reverse osmosisHyperfiltration

Abstract

A process for manufacturing a monocyclic aromatic compound is disclosed. The process comprises contacting an aluminosilicate catalyst with an oxygen-containing organic molecule in a reactor to produce the monocyclic aromatic compound and in situ-generated hydrogen gas, and introducing CO2 into the reactor and allowing the CO2 to react with the in situ-generated hydrogen gas to form additional monocyclic aromatic compound.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
• C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen

Goods & Services

Providing technical information in the field of polyester manufacturing.

Abstract

The disclosure related to processes for the high-selectivity conversion of olefins to monocyclic aromatic compounds, such as BTX, via the introduction of a weakly coordinating compound to a dehydroaromatization catalyst. Moreover, certain embodiments relate to processes for recycling polyaromatic compounds back to a reactor to improve the yield of said monocyclic aromatic compounds. Moreover, certain embodiments relate to processes for regenerating the dehydroaromatization catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 2/42 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons homo- or co-oligomerisation with ring formation, not being a Diels-Alder conversion

Abstract

The disclosed process relates to a process for selectively purifying a lithium product stream from an aqueous lithium salt-containing solution in a continuous mode, said process comprising the steps of: a) introducing said aqueous lithium salt-containing solution to an arrangement of three or more packed-bed columns in series each filled with a lithium selective sorbent, wherein at least two of said three or more columns are at an adsorption stage, with one at a leading lithium chloride adsorption stage and one or more at a trailing lithium chloride adsorption stage, and at least one of said three or more columns is simultaneously at a lithium chloride desorption stage; b) flowing said aqueous lithium salt-containing solution through said at least two of said three or more columns at a leading lithium chloride adsorption stage and a trailing lithium chloride adsorption stage to adsorb lithium chloride from the aqueous lithium salt-containing solution and respectively form a fully-saturated sorbent and a partially-saturated sorbent; c) flowing a desorbent fluid through said at least one of said three or more columns at a lithium chloride desorption stage to desorb lithium chloride from the fully-saturated sorbent in a column from a leading lithium chloride adsorption stage of a previous cycle in an eluate stream; and d) recovering a lithium product stream from the eluate stream, wherein when the lithium selective sorbent in said column at a leading lithium chloride adsorption stage is fully-saturated with lithium chloride, said column transitions directly to said lithium chloride desorption stage to desorb lithium chloride once appropriate void volume is displaced; said column at a trailing lithium chloride adsorption stage transitions directly to said leading lithium chloride adsorption stage for further adsorption of lithium chloride; and said column at a lithium chloride desorption stage transitions directly to said trailing lithium chloride adsorption stage for initial adsorption of lithium chloride once appropriate void volume is displaced; without any intermediate washing stages of the media between any of said transitions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 26/12 - Obtaining lithium
• C22B 3/24 - Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins

Abstract

The disclosed process relates to a process for conversion of polytetramethylene ether glycol to tetrahydrofuran, comprising the steps of: a) introducing a stream comprising polytetramethylene ether glycol to a strong acid catalyst capable of converting polytetramethylene ether glycol to tetrahydrofuran and water; b) operating said process in a reactor under operating conditions sufficient to effect acid-catalyzed depolymerization of polytetramethylene ether glycol to tetrahydrofuran and water; and c) recovering the tetrahydrofuran.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 11/22 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds
• C08J 11/28 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus
• C08L 71/02 - Polyalkylene oxides

Abstract

Provided herein is a method for producing an oligomeric PET substrate from post-consumer PET-containing waste material, wherein said oligomeric PET substrate is for use in a rPET manufacturing process. The method comprises the steps of: i) Reacting post-consumer PET- containing waste material in the presence of ethylene glycol and water in a reaction zone; and ii) producing an oligomeric PET substrate represented by Formula I. Provided also is an oligomeric PET substrate from post-consumer PET-containing waste material, wherein said oligomeric PET substrate is represented by Formula I and also a PET polymer made from 5- 100% rPET, which comprises the oligomeric PET substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 11/24 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups

Abstract

Methods and systems for processing a first composition of a light hydrocarbon mixture with a 100° F. vapor pressure range from 2 to 51 psia into a second composition of aromatic hydrocarbons are provided. The method comprises contacting the first composition with a reaction zone comprising three or more operating fixed bed reactors in series, each reactor containing porous solid acid catalyst, said method further comprising the step of adding a toluene feedstock to said reaction zone under conditions in which the first composition is transformed to a second composition in an amount greater and at a percentage higher in aromatics than produced via a parallel or single reactor process with the same catalyst without the toluene feedstock, and/or contacting said second composition comprising heavy aromatics with said reaction zone to further increase amount and percentage of aromatics.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 6/08 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond

Abstract

A process for removing one or more impurities from a stream of tetrahydrofuran in a tetrahydrofuran polymerization process is provided. The process includes the steps of: (a) providing an input stream of tetrahydrofuran to the tetrahydrofuran polymerization process, the input stream of tetrahydrofuran comprising one or more impurities; (b) contacting the input stream of tetrahydrofuran with adsorption media, wherein the adsorption media has an adsorbent capacity for the one or more impurities; (c) allowing the one or more impurities to adsorb to the adsorption media; (d) removing from the adsorption media a purified stream of tetrahydrofuran comprising a lower concentration of impurities than in the input stream; and (e) using the purified stream of tetrahydrofuran in the tetrahydrofuran polymerization process.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 15/00 - Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbentsApparatus therefor
• C07C 67/56 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by solid-liquid treatmentSeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by chemisorption
• C07D 307/08 - Preparation of tetrahydrofuran
• C08J 11/02 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of solvents, plasticisers or unreacted monomers
• C08G 65/20 - Tetrahydrofuran

Abstract

A method for producing an oligomeric polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate for use in a recycled PET (rPET) manufacturing process comprises adding recycled bis-hydroxylethyleneterephthalate (rBHET) or a higher molecular weight oligomer derived from rBHET and water to a reaction zone and reacting the rBHET and water in the reaction zone to produce an oligomeric PET substrate represented by the Formula (I): wherein R1 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, R2 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, and n is a degree of polymerisation (Dp).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/86 - Germanium, antimony, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/83 - Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium, magnesium, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, manganese, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids

Abstract

A method for improving L* color of polyethylene terephthalate polymer, the method including bis-hydroxylethyl-eneterephthalate being polycondensed to produce said polyethylene terephthalate polymer in a polyethylene terephthalate manufacturing process, and wherein said process requires an antimony-containing catalyst, the method comprising the steps of: i) adding said antimony-containing catalyst at a temperature in a range of a melting point of said BHET to an upper temperature of 220° C.; and ii) exposing said BHET in a molten state to glycol removal before addition of said antimony-containing catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/40 - Polyesters derived from ester-forming derivatives of polycarboxylic acids or of polyhydroxy compounds, other than from esters thereof
• C08G 63/80 - Solid-state polycondensation
• C08G 63/86 - Germanium, antimony, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/83 - Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium, magnesium, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, manganese, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/84 - Boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earth metals, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids

Abstract

A method for producing an oligomeric polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate for use in a recycled PET (rPET) manufacturing process, comprising (i) adding recycled bis-hydroxylethylenete rephthalate (rBHET) and an under-esterified purified terephthalic acid (PTA) oligomer to a reaction zone; and ii) reacting the rBHET and the under-esterified PTA oligomer in the reaction zone to produce an oligomeric PET substrate represented by the formula (I), wherein R1 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, R2 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, and n is a degree of polymerisation (Dp). A method for producing an oligomeric polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate for use in a recycled PET (rPET) manufacturing process, comprising (i) adding recycled bis-hydroxylethylenete rephthalate (rBHET) and an under-esterified purified terephthalic acid (PTA) oligomer to a reaction zone; and ii) reacting the rBHET and the under-esterified PTA oligomer in the reaction zone to produce an oligomeric PET substrate represented by the formula (I), wherein R1 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, R2 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, and n is a degree of polymerisation (Dp).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids

Abstract

A method for producing an oligomeric PET substrate for use in a rPET manufacturing process comprises reacting recycled bis-hydroxylethyleneterephthalate (rBHET) or a higher molecular weight oligomer derived from rBHET, with PTA to produce an oligomeric PET substrate represented by Formula (I), wherein R1 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, R2 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, and n is a degree of polymerisation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids
• C08G 63/82 - Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used

Abstract

222 to react with the in situ-generated hydrogen gas to form additional monocyclic aromatic compound.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 1/20 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms
• C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
• C07C 15/02 - Monocyclic hydrocarbons
• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids

Abstract

A process for preparing an aromatic polycarboxylic acid is provided. The process includes the steps of: (a) providing a first liquid stream derived from an oxidation process of an aromatic starting material having two or more C1-C6 alkyl substituents, the first liquid stream comprising nickel cations and cobalt and/or manganese cations; (b) contacting the first liquid stream with a solid-phase chelating agent, wherein the solid-phase chelating agent has a higher binding affinity for nickel cations than cobalt and/or manganese cations; (c) allowing the nickel cations to bind to the solid-phase chelating agent; (d) removing from the solid-phase chelating agent a second liquid stream comprising a higher ratio of cobalt and/or manganese cations to nickel cations than the ratio of cobalt and/or manganese cations to nickel cations contained in the first liquid stream; and (e) recycling the second liquid stream into the oxidation process of aromatic starting material.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 51/47 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by solid-liquid treatmentSeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by chemisorption
• C07C 63/26 - 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
• C07C 51/265 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups

Abstract

The disclosure related to processes for the high-selectivity conversion of olefins to monocyclic aromatic compounds, such as BTX, via the introduction of a weakly coordinating compound to a dehydroaromatization catalyst. Moreover, certain embodiments relate to processes for recycling polyaromatic compounds back to a reactor to improve the yield of said monocyclic aromatic compounds. Moreover, certain embodiments relate to processes for regenerating the dehydroaromatization catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 2/42 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons homo- or co-oligomerisation with ring formation, not being a Diels-Alder conversion
• C07C 4/06 - Catalytic processes
• C07C 15/04 - Benzene
• C07C 15/06 - Toluene
• C07C 15/08 - Xylenes
• B01J 29/40 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
• B01J 29/90 - Regeneration or reactivation
• C10K 1/00 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
• C10K 1/02 - Dust removal
• C10K 1/10 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquidsReviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
• C10K 1/12 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquidsReviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids alkaline-reacting
• C10K 1/20 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by treating with solidsRegenerating spent purifying masses

Abstract

A fluid distributor is provided for distributing a fluid in an up-flow reactor. The fluid distributor includes a supply pipe and a plurality of fluid distribution arms that extend from the supply pipe. Each of the fluid distribution arms has a plurality of holes for discharging the fluid. An elongated hood is spaced from and at least partially surrounds each of the fluid distribution arms to redirect the fluid when discharged from the plurality of holes in the fluid distribution arms. Each hood has a plurality of holes for allowing the passage of the fluid through the hood. Each of the hoods is formed from a plurality of hood segments that positioned end to end along a length of the fluid distribution arm and have deflectors to impede the fluid from flowing between adjacent ones of the hood segments.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 4/00 - Feed devicesFeed or outlet control devices
• B01F 23/20 - Mixing gases with liquids
• B01J 19/26 - Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
• B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
• B01F 23/231 - Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling

Abstract

Methods and systems for processing a first composition of a light hydrocarbon mixture with a 100ºF vapor pressure range from 2 to 51 psia into a second composition of aromatic hydrocarbons are provided. The method comprises contacting the first composition with a reaction zone comprising three or more operating fixed bed reactors in series, each reactor containing porous solid acid catalyst, said method further comprising the step of adding a toluene feedstock to said reaction zone under conditions in which the first composition is transformed to a second composition in an amount greater and at a percentage higher in aromatics than produced via a parallel or single reactor process with the same catalyst without the toluene feedstock, and/or contacting said second composition comprising heavy aromatics with said reaction zone to further increase amount and percentage of aromatics.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 35/04 - Catalytic reforming
• C10G 59/02 - Treatment of naphtha by two or more reforming processes only or by at least one reforming process and at least one process which does not substantially change the boiling range of the naphtha plural serial stages only
• C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps

Abstract

222 gas from the first solution is between 350 and 400 kg/hour. An alkali metal carbonate is then added to the first solution to further raise the pH thereof to ≥7, thereby precipitating cobalt and/or manganese carbonate-containing species.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 23/00 - Obtaining nickel or cobalt
• C22B 47/00 - Obtaining manganese
• C07C 51/42 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
• B01J 31/00 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
• C07C 51/265 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups

Abstract

Systems and processes control gas flow in the production of purified terephthalic acid (PTA). In embodiments, a method for the production of purified terephthalic acid includes providing a rotary pressure filter having a rotating filter drum; supplying a slurry comprising terephthalic acid to the rotary pressure filter such that a filter cake comprising terephthalic acid is formed on the rotating filter drum; and discharging the slurry into a collection vessel, wherein a barometric conduit is connected to and forms a seal between the rotary pressure filter and the collection vessel.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 51/47 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by solid-liquid treatmentSeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by chemisorption
• C07C 63/26 - 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
• B01D 33/06 - Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums

Abstract

A method for producing an oligomeric polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate for use in a recycled PET (rPET) manufacturing process, comprising (i) adding recycled bis-hydroxylethyleneterephthalate (rBHET) and an under-esterified purified terephthalic acid (PTA) oligomer to a reaction zone; and ii) reacting the rBHET and the under-esterified PTA oligomer in the reaction zone to produce an oligomeric PET substrate represented by the formula (I), wherein R1 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, R2 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, and n is a degree of polymerisation (Dp).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids
• C08G 63/78 - Preparation processes
• C08G 63/19 - Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings

Abstract

A method for improving L* color of polyethylene terephthalate polymer, the method including bis-hydroxylethyleneterephthalate being polycondensed to produce said polyethylene terephthalate polymer in a polyethylene terephthalate manufacturing process, and wherein said process requires an antimony-containing catalyst, the method comprising the steps of: i) adding said antimony-containing catalyst at a temperature in a range of a melting point of said BHET to an upper temperature of 220°C; and ii) exposing said BHET in a molten state to glycol removal before addition of said antimony-containing catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids
• C08G 63/78 - Preparation processes
• C08G 63/83 - Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium, magnesium, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, mercury, manganese, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/84 - Boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earth metals, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/85 - Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof
• C08G 63/19 - Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings

Abstract

1 22 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, and n is a degree of polymerisation.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids
• C08G 63/19 - Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings
• C08G 63/78 - Preparation processes

Abstract

is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, R2 is a carboxyl end group or a hydroxyl end group, and n is a degree of polymerisation (Dp).

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids
• C08G 63/19 - Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings
• C08G 63/78 - Preparation processes

Abstract

Processes, catalysts and systems for preparing a composition comprising aliphatic, olefinic, cyclic and/or aromatic hydrocarbons of seven or greater carbon atoms per molecule are provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 2/12 - Catalytic processes with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
• B01J 29/40 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
• B01J 35/02 - Solids
• B01J 38/04 - Gas or vapour treatingTreating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
• C07C 7/12 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers

Abstract

Described herein are processes for the conversion of ethylene into CS+ olefins, naphthenics, and aromatics via a dual catalyst reaction utilizing a dehydroaromatization catalyst.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 57/00 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one cracking process or refining process and at least one other conversion process
• C10G 50/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation
• C10G 70/00 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , ,

Abstract

The present invention provides a process for the production of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid comprising the catalytic oxidation of a hydrocarbon precursor in an organic solvent, comprising the steps of: i) separating a vent gas from an oxidation stage into an organic solvent-rich liquid stream and a water-rich vapor stream in a distillation stage; and ii) separating an aqueous purification mother liquor comprising organic compounds from purified aromatic dicarboxylic acid crystals in a separation stage, characterized in that the process further comprises the steps of: iii) transferring the aqueous purification mother liquor from the separation stage to an extraction stage; iv) extracting said organic compounds from the aqueous purification mother liquor by contacting the aqueous purification mother liquor at a temperature of at least 90° C. with an organic liquid in the extraction stage to form an aqueous phase and an organic phase, wherein the concentration of said organic compounds in the aqueous phase is lower than the concentration of said organic compounds in the aqueous purification mother liquor; and v) transferring the aqueous phase to said distillation stage. The present invention further provides an apparatus for carrying out the process.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 51/42 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
• C07C 51/16 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation
• B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
• B01D 3/14 - Fractional distillation
• B01D 17/02 - Separation of non-miscible liquids

Abstract

2F.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 65/10 - Saturated oxiranes characterised by the catalysts used