Abstract

The present invention relates to a therapeutic composition from natural substances that targets cancer cells, specifically brain cancer cells, and to a method for preparing same, wherein the composition comprises: 1) a therapeutic agent extracted from black seed, in the form of thymoquinone and 2) between 238,671 and 1,500,000,000 platelets, wherein components (a) and (b) are dissolved in 1 mL blood plasma proteins.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 36/258 - Panax (ginseng)
• A61K 31/69 - Boron compounds
• A61K 45/00 - Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups
• A61K 47/48 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers, inert additives the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer drug conjugates
• A61P 35/00 - Antineoplastic agents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method of preparing the material to produce an anode by simultaneously grinding wet material by grinding media (1a) using an electromagnetic mill (2) with a mill chamber (1) and drying at a pressure below atmospheric, provided by the combination of an atmospheric water vapor cooler (7) together with the adsorption device (8). The moist material is fed by means of a screw conveyor (3) to the mill chamber (1), from where it is discharged by means of pipelines (5) (6), water vapor condensed partly in the atmospheric water vapor cooler (7) and partly in the adsorption device (8). After grinding and drying the material, a new portion of moist material for grinding, fed by the screw conveyor (3), pushes the ground material which, via the ground material discharge pipeline (10), goes to the ground material tank (11).

IPC Classes  ?

• B02C 17/00 - Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
• B02C 17/18 - Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls Details

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a hydrogen production device consisting of an evaporator (1) connected through a vapor channel with a sorbent bed (2) in which there is a heat exchanger (2a) to which from the source of cooling water a cooling water supply pipeline (14) is connected and from the heat exchanger (2a) cooling water discharge pipeline (13) is led. The heat exchanger (2a) is connected to the heat source (5) by means of the hot water supply pipeline (16) and the hot water discharge pipeline (17). The sorbent bed (2) is connected by means of a vapor channel (8) to the PEM electrolyser (3) from which the hydrogen discharge pipeline (21) and the oxygen discharge pipeline (20) are led. The method according to the invention consists in that in the first stage, sea water is sucked into the evaporator (1). After filling the evaporator, the seawater intake water valve (22) closes and the pump set (12) stops. In the second stage, the evaporator shut-off valve (7) opens and the sorbent bed (2) is cooled with sea water, whereby in the evaporator (1) clean water boils and is sucked in by the sorbent bed (2) as a result of the vacuum it generates. In the sorbent bed (2), the process of adsorption of vapor takes place until the sorbent bed (2) is saturated with vapor. In the third stage, the sorbent bed (2) is cut off from the evaporator (1) and the sorbent bed (2) is heated with hot water from a heat source (5) enabling desorption of water vapor from the sorbent bed (2) towards the anode of the PEM electrolyser (3). Pure hydrogen is produced by the reaction of water electrolysis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/042 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
• C25B 15/021 - Process control or regulation of heating or cooling
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation

Abstract

A mobile sanitation unit consisting of a working chamber (A) and a usage chamber (B) which consists of at least one sanitation chamber (11). In the working chamber (A) there is an inlet pipeline (1) to which a buffer tank is connected, fed by a saturation pipeline (13) equipped in the sequence of flow with a pump (4), an injector (5) and a cooler (7). The injector (5) is connected to the micro-nano bubbles generator (14) by the supply pipeline (6). The cooler (7) is connected with the cooling pipeline (16) to the cooling source (8). In the sanitation chamber (11) there is a set of fog nozzles (10), the outlet of which is positioned perpendicular to the sanitization chamber ceiling (11). The fog nozzles (10) are arranged on a rectangular plan, with the outlet directed downwards and located below the air suction area of the air curtains (11.1, 11.5). The condensate discharge pipeline (12) is connected to the drain (11.3) located at the bottom of the sanitation chamber (11), which is equipped with two pairs of doors (11.2, 11.6) located opposite each other on both sides of the sanitation chamber (11). Air curtains (11.1, 11.5) are located directly above the door (11.2, 11.6) inside the chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61L 2/18 - Liquid substances

Abstract

Disclosed herein are aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries and cathodic materials for preparing the same. The cathodic material of these batteries comprises a redox-active triangular phenanthrenequinone-based macrocycle.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 4/48 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
• H01M 4/485 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
• H01M 4/90 - Selection of catalytic material

Abstract

A method for low-pressure diamond growth includes heating a composition comprising a diamond growth seed and a source of reactive carbon to a temperature below 800°C, wherein the heating takes place under low pressure. Responsive to the heating, growing diamonds from the composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/26 - Preparation
• B01J 3/06 - Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamondsApparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
• C01B 32/25 - Diamond
• C23C 16/27 - Diamond only
• C30B 25/00 - Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour deposition growth
• C30B 29/04 - Diamond

Abstract

A method may include receiving radar data from a plurality of TX-RX pairs (TRPs); generating a plurality of first ellipses representing a first portion of the received radar data; determining a blocking likelihood at a point of intersection between the plurality of first ellipses; generating a new or additional ellipse representing a second portion of the received radar data; and updating, based on generating the new or additional ellipse, the blocking likelihood at the point of intersection between the first plurality of ellipses.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/87 - Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
• G01S 13/04 - Systems determining presence of a target
• G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systemsAnalogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
• G01S 13/46 - Indirect determination of position data
• G01S 7/41 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisationTarget signatureTarget cross-section

Abstract

A non-transferred arc plasma torch with a method for the generation of plasma jet at high temperatures are disclosed. The main constituents of the torch assembly are a multiple-arc-producing cathode, a coolant distributing cell and an adjustable anode. The cathode comprises primary and secondary annular rods pointing towards the anode. The primary rod is pointing towards the center of the anode and is higher in length and diameter than the secondary ones. The secondary rods are similar in length and width. An internal coolant distribution cell was designed for internal cooling of the rods. The anode was configured to allow external adjustment of the gap between the electrodes. The electrodes were mounted into a jacketed cylindrical housing consisting an internal path within the jacket for efficient recycling of the coolant. The system is initiated by forming multiple arcs between the cathode and the anode leading to the ionization of the forming plasma gas that passed continuously through the torch. Thus, the power efficiency of the torch enhanced and the lifetime of the electrodes increased. Eventually, a thermal plasma jet exits the torch through the anode nozzle.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05H 1/34 - Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
• H05H 1/44 - Plasma torches using an arc using more than one torch
• H05H 1/28 - Cooling arrangements

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing nanoparticles of zinc sulfide activated by silver and chlorine in an ecological furnace. The nanomaterial prepared according to the present invention is characterised in that it consists of spherical particles of zinc sulfide material having a nanostructure, the concentration of silver nitrate being 0.4 mg/g of zinc sulfide, giving efficiency and a luminescent glow. The luminescent glow of the silver-activated zinc sulfide was 67% of the luminescent glow of standard zinc sulfide material. The zinc sulfide prepared according to the present invention was also used to build a 610A-model radon cell. The efficiency of the new cell was 70% in comparison with the efficiency of a standard cell built using standard zinc sulfide material. The material prepared according to the invention has an excellent linear response to alpha particles with an energy of 5.48 million electronvolts, allowing the prepared material to be used in alpha-particle detectors and the measurement of radon gas concentration.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 11/61 - Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or unspecified halogen elements
• G01T 1/17 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular type of detector
• G01T 1/20 - Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and method for water treatment. The system includes a flotator (1) chamber, a set of filtration membranes (2), a water source (3) for filtration, a micro-nano-bubbles (4) generator, a pump (5) for washing membranes, a filtrate tank (6), a filtrate (7) pump, sludge scraper (8), sludge tank (9). The flotation (1) chamber is connected via a pipeline (10) with a micro-nano-bubbles (4) generator, to which a pipeline (11) is connected and directed to a set of filtration membranes (2); and at least one of the pipelines (10) (11) is equipped with a pump (12). The method is based on the fact that water through the pipeline being the water source (3) is pumped into the flotator (1) chamber and then, via a pipeline (10), it is pumped to a micro-nano-bubbles (4) generator, where it is saturated with micro-nano-bubbles with a diameter of 1 to 50 micrometres and then through a pipeline (11) is pumped to a set of filtration membranes (2).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/04 - Feed pretreatment
• B01D 61/16 - Feed pretreatment
• B01D 61/58 - Multistep processes
• B01D 65/02 - Membrane cleaning or sterilisation
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
• C02F 1/24 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation

Abstract

A system for a multi-differential frequency shift reference, MD-FSR, ultra-wideband, UWB, radio that supports higher order modulation formats and performs optimal bit and power allocation is described.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 27/00 - Modulated-carrier systems
• H04L 27/38 - Demodulator circuitsReceiver circuits

Abstract

The substance of the invention is the evaporative water desalination system, the method of preventing scale deposition in desalination system and usage of water saturated with micro- nano bubbles in evaporative desalination systems. The system according to the invention comprises the saline make-up water preparation tank (4) connected by the pipeline (12) equipped with the pumping system (14) with the evaporative desalination system (6) comprising the distillate discharge system (5) and the brine discharge system (7), comprising the gas source (1) connected by the pipeline (8) with the gas preparation station (2) connected by the pipeline (9) with MNB generator (3) connected with the pipeline (10) with the saline make-up water preparation station (4).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 3/34 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
• C02F 5/00 - Softening waterPreventing scaleAdding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation

Abstract

The subject of the invention is the apparatus and the method of adiabatic cooling of water and preventing the development of contaminations on the cooling tower heat exchanger, where the cooling tower comprises the fan system (17), the heat exchanger (5), the heat exchanger sprinkling system (3), the water discharge outlet (11) equipped with the valve (13), the water supply system with the pipeline (10) equipped with the pump (16), where the gas preparation station (1) is connected by the gas pipeline (6) with the micro-nano bubbles generator (2) which is connected to the water source (4) by the pipeline (12), where the micro-nano bubbles generator (2) is connected by the pipeline (7) with the cooling tower sprinkling system (3) and the heat exchanger (5) is coated with the negative zeta potential layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• F28D 3/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
• F28D 5/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation in which the evaporating medium flows in a continuous film or trickles freely over the conduits
• F28F 19/02 - Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
• C02F 1/00 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

Desalination system comprising of a heat source (1), absorption heat pump (2), block of effects (3), absorption chiller (16) specific by that the system comprises of at least one heat exchanger and the heat source (1) is connected to the absorption heat pump (2) through the heat-transfer medium pipeline comprising the supply pipeline (4a) and the return pipeline (4b) which connects the absorption chiller (16) with the heat source (1). The absorption chiller (16) is connected to the heat source (1) through the heat-transfer medium pipeline consisting of the supply pipeline (7a) and the return pipeline (7b). The absorption heat pump (2) is connected through the heating water pipeline consisting of the supply pipeline (5a) and the return pipeline (5b) to the first effect from the block of distillate production effects (3) and the absorption chiller (16) through the chilled water pipeline consisting of the supply pipeline (8a) and the return pipeline (8b) is connected with the last effect from the block of distillate production effects (3) and with the absorption heat pump (1) through the pipeline consisting of the supply pipeline (6a) and return pipeline (6b). The brine supply pipeline (11) is connected to the first effect from the block of distillate production effects (3). Desalinated water discharge pipeline (12) is connected with the last effect from the block of distillate production effects (3). Brine reject pipeline (13) is connected to the second to last effect from the block of distillate production effects (3).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
• C02F 1/14 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
• B01D 1/00 - Evaporating

Abstract

Combined desalinated water production system consisting of a heat source (1), absorption chiller (2), block of distillate production effects (3), cooling tower (4), characterized by the fact that the absorption chiller (2) is supplied with heat recovered from heat source (1) via a heating medium pipeline (5) connecting the absorption chiller (2) to the cogeneration system (1); the first distillate production effect (3a) of the MED block (3) is supplied with heat received from the absorption chiller (2) cooling system via a pipeline (6) connecting the absorption chiller (2) with the first distillate production effect (3a) where the pipeline (6) consists the supply pipeline (6a) and the return pipeline (6b); the condenser of the last distillate production effect (3n) is cooled by the chilled water produced by the absorption chiller (2), where the chilled water is supplied by a cold water pipeline (7) connecting the last distillate production effect (3n) with an absorption chiller (2), where the pipeline (7) consists of a supply pipeline (7a) and a return pipeline (7b); the brine is fed to the first distillate production effect (3a) through the brine pipeline (11) and concentrated brine is extracted from the last distillate production effect (3n) via the pipeline (12) and the desalinated water via the pipeline (14).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
• C02F 1/16 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
• F25B 15/02 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-effect adsorption distillation system comprising of at least two distillate producing effects (2) connected to each other with liquid channels (3) and vapor channels (8) where the heat pump (1) is connected to distillate production effects (2) via a liquid channel (3) or a vapor channel (8) and a with heating water pipeline (9) with an adsorption device (5), and the adsorption device (5) is connected to the last distillate production effect (6) via a vapor channel (4).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• B01D 1/28 - Evaporating with vapour compression
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• B01D 3/06 - Flash distillation
• B01D 3/14 - Fractional distillation
• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation

Abstract

A protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle and a method of preparing the protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle is disclosed. The protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle includes a central core comprising a hyaluronic acid coated chitosan nanoparticle and surface adsorbed anti-inflammatory proteins forming an outer shell around the central core, wherein the surface adsorbed anti-inflammatory protein is AGP (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein). The method of preparation includes dispersing chitosan nanoparticles in acetic acid/acetate buffer to produce a dispersion, adding an equal amount of acetate buffer containing hyaluronic acid under vigorous stirring to form hyaluronic coated chitosan nanoparticle (HA-CS) and functionalizing the hyaluronic coated chitosan nanoparticle with surface adsorbing anti-inflammatory protein AGP, to form the protein functionalized anti-inflammatory nanoparticle.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 9/51 - Nanocapsules
• A61K 47/61 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additivesTargeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule the organic macromolecular compound being a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof
• A61K 47/69 - Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additivesTargeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Abstract

This invention has two important disclosures. The first is a method for preparing a highly active silica-supported palladium catalyst. The second is the possibility of applying this method to synthesise different high-value amines using alcohol, nitroarenes and amines. The method is used in the preparation of particles of the present drugs/pharmaceuticals (benzylaniline). This catalyst is useful in a process for producing primary amines from alcohol and amines, which is considered a very difficult process.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 37/16 - Reducing
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• B01J 23/44 - Palladium
• B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
• C07C 209/16 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
• C07C 209/36 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds by reduction of nitro groups by reduction of nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings

Abstract

The invention relates to a process of alcohol amination using aniline, which is considered an industrially important reaction. In particular, the invention relates to a process for preparing benzylaniline (N-benzylaniline) as a potential cytotoxin and miotic inhibiter acting by inhibition of tubulin polymerisation, which process is considered an important industrial chemical reaction. In addition, benzylanilines are widely used as reagents in the preparation of dyes and polymer materials.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 23/745 - Iron
• C07C 209/18 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings or from amines having nitrogen atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• B01J 37/18 - Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• C07C 209/16 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of hydroxy groups or of etherified or esterified hydroxy groups with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined system for the production of electricity, heat, cold and water, comprising a cogeneration system, an absorption chiller, a compressor chiller, a cooling tower, a district cooling system characterized in that the system comprises of a three-bed adsorption chiller (3AD) which in relation to a heat recovery from CHP unit is located behind the absorption chiller (AB) with which it is directly connected at least by the hot water pipeline and the chilled water pipeline.

IPC Classes  ?

• F01K 13/00 - General layout or general methods of operation, of complete steam engine plants
• F01K 15/00 - Adaptations of steam engine plants for special use
• F25B 17/08 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt

Abstract

The present invention relates to the distillation and crystallization of feed water. In particular, the present invention relates to the distillation and crystallization of industrial wastewater or saline or brackish water.. The present invention relates to both an apparatus and method for carrying out the distillation. In an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a distillation apparatus comprising: (a) an crystalliser for evaporating a feed water to produce water vapour; (b) adsorption means in vapour communication with the crystalliser for reversibly adsorbing the water vapour from the crystalliser; and (c) desorbing means for desorbing the adsorbed water vapour from the adsorption means, wherein the crystalliser evaporates the feed water under pressure that is substantially lower than atmospheric pressure to form a concentrated solution or slurry comprising crystallised solids.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/26 - Multiple-effect evaporating
• B01D 3/10 - Vacuum distillation
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption

Abstract

Methods of direct growth of high quality group III-V and group III-N based materials and semiconductor device structures in the form of nanowires, planar thin film, and nanowires-based devices on metal substrates are presented. The present compound semiconductor all-metal scheme greatly simplifies the fabrication process of high power light emitters overcoming limited thermal and electrical conductivity of nanowires grown on silicon substrates and metal thin film in prior art. In an embodiment the methods include: (i) providing a metal substrate; (ii) forming a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) layer on a surface of the metal substrate; and (iii) growing a semiconductor epilayer on the transition metal dichalcogenide layer using a semiconductor epitaxy growth system. In an embodiment, the semiconductor device structures can be compound semiconductors in contact with a layer of metal dichalcogenide, wherein the layer of metal dichalcogenide is in contact with a metal substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/20 - Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth

Abstract

The invention provides a process for separating one or more hydrocarbons from a gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, which gaseous mixture comprises: (a) one or more first hydrocarbons selected from alkanes and alkenes, and (b) one or more further hydrocarbons which are selected from alkanes and alkenes and are other than the one or more first hydrocarbons, which process comprises: contacting the gaseous mixture with an extractant suitable for extracting the one or more first hydrocarbons, which extractant comprises a polar solvent; and thereby forming: (i) a first phase comprising the extractant and the one or more first hydrocarbons; and (ii) a second phase comprising said gaseous mixture having a reduced content of the one or more first hydrocarbons.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10L 3/10 - Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
• B01D 3/40 - Extractive distillation
• B01D 53/40 - Acidic components
• C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
• C07C 7/10 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
• C07C 7/11 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
• C10G 70/04 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes
• C10G 70/06 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes by gas-liquid contact

Abstract

Pharmaceutical complexes composed of drug molecules entrapped in cyclodextrin-based MOFs (CD-MOFs) are provided. Pharmaceutical tablets incorporating crystals of the pharmaceutical complexes for oral administration to a patient are also provided. In addition, methods of making the pharmaceutical complexes using anion-exchange reactions and methods of making the pharmaceutical complexes based on the co-crystallization of the drug molecules with cyclodextrin are provided. The pharmaceutical complexes include a CD-MOF and deprotonated drug anions associated with alkali metal cations in the CD-MOF superstructure.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08B 37/16 - CyclodextrinDerivatives thereof
• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material

Abstract

Example apparatuses are provided for simultaneous generation of high intensity light and modulated light signals at low modulation bias operating characteristics. An example apparatus includes a semipolar or nonpolar GaN-based substrate, a reverse- biased waveguide modulator section, and a forward-biased gain section based on InGaN/GaN quantum-well active regions, wherein the forward-biased gain section is grown on the semipolar or nonpolar GaN-based substrate. Methods of manufacturing the apparatuses described herein are also contemplated and described herein.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01S 5/026 - Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors or drivers
• H01S 5/32 - Structure or shape of the active regionMaterials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- hetero-structures
• H01S 5/343 - Structure or shape of the active regionMaterials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser
• H01S 5/00 - Semiconductor lasers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multilayered system having a multilayer structure comprising a substrate (1) being transparent for at least one wavelength in the range of visible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, a first coating layer (2) for blocking radiation in the ultraviolet wavelength range of electromagnetic radiation and comprising at least zinc oxide and a second coating layer (3) for blocking radiation in the infrared wavelength range of electromagnetic radiation and comprising at least one of a transparent conductive oxide being transparent in the range of visible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. The present invention relates further to a method for producing such a multilayered system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 5/20 - Filters
• C03C 17/36 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
• G02B 1/11 - Anti-reflection coatings

Abstract

The invention provides a process for producing one or more hydrocarbons from methanol, which process comprises contacting a composition which comprises methanol, at least one alkene and at least one organosulfur compound, with a solid acid catalyst. The composition which comprises methanol, at least one alkene and at least one organosulfur compound may be one which has been obtained by: (a) contacting gasoline obtainable by a fluid catalytic cracking process (FCC gasoline), which gasoline comprises at least one alkene and at least one organosulfur compound, with an extraction solvent suitable for extracting alkenes and organosulfur compounds, which extraction solvent comprises said methanol, and thereby forming: (i) a first phase comprising said extraction solvent which comprises said methanol, at least one extracted alkene, and at least one extracted organosulfur compound, and (ii) a second phase comprising gasoline having a reduced alkene content and a reduced organosulfur content compared to said gasoline obtainable by a fluid catalytic cracking process; and (b) recovering at least part of the first phase for use as the composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids

Abstract

The invention provides a process for producing hydrogen, which process comprises exposing a composition to electromagnetic radiation, which composition comprises at least one organic compound and a catalyst, wherein the at least one organic compound is selected from: hydrocarbons and compounds which comprise a hydrocarbyl group, and the catalyst comprises: a metal in elemental form; a metal compound other than a metal oxide; a non- metal in elemental form selected from B, C, Si, P, Ge, As, Sb and Te; or an inorganic compound of said non-metal other than an oxide of the non-metal. Compositions as defined above are also provided, as are uses of the compositions as hydrogen storage materials or for generating hydrogen. An electromagnetic activation system suitable for the rapid production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons is also provided, which system comprises: a reactor comprising a reaction cavity, which reactor is configured to receive, in the reaction cavity, a composition to be decomposed, and is configured to deliver hydrogen; and a source of electromagnetic radiation, suitable for exposing a composition in the reaction cavity to electromagnetic radiation and thereby effecting decomposition of the composition to produce hydrogen. Further provided is the use of electromagnetic activation system of the invention as defined above for generating hydrogen from a composition of the invention as defined above. A system for generating hydrogen is also provided, comprising (a) a composition of the invention; and (b) a source of electromagnetic radiation, for exposing the composition to electromagnetic radiation and thereby effecting decomposition of the at least one organic compound to produce hydrogen.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 19/12 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
• C01B 3/26 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts

Abstract

A periodically-rippled patch antenna structure with metal coated trenches only along one in-plane direction or in two perpendicular in-plane directions on a dielectric substrate and ground plane and methods of fabricating the antenna radiating elements are provided. An optional layer of oxide or nitride can be placed between the substrate and metal layers as an insulation layer. This use of trenches allows for miniaturization of the patch antenna as well as dual-band degeneracy. When a square 1D rippled patch antenna is excited by a microstrip line connected along the ripples, the effective length is longer than with a line orthogonal to the ripples enabling dual mode degeneracy and antennas working at two distinct frequencies of operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
• H01Q 9/04 - Resonant antennas
• H01Q 9/06 - Resonant antennas Details

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for producing gasoline having a reduced alkene content and a reduced organosulfur content. The process of the invention comprises contacting gasoline obtainable by a fluid catalytic cracking process, which gasoline comprises at least one alkene and at least one organosulfur compound, with an extraction solvent suitable for extracting alkenes and organosulfur compounds,which extraction solvent comprises a polar organic solvent, and thereby forming (i) a first phase comprising said extraction solvent, at least one extracted alkene, and at least one extracted organosulfur compound, and (ii) a second phase comprising gasoline having a reduced alkene content and a reduced organosulfur content compared to said gasoline obtainable by a fluid catalytic cracking process. A process for producing one or more further organic compounds is also provided, which process comprises: (a) providing a recovered first phase from the above process, and (b) performing a reaction on at least part of the recovered first phase to produce one or more further organic compounds. A composition, an apparatus and the use of an extraction solvent are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 21/16 - Oxygen-containing compounds
• C10G 21/12 - Organic compounds only

Abstract

An optical rotation sensor includes a Fabry Perot laser having an active gain medium for generating first and second light beams, a closed optical path through which the first and second light beams counter-propagate and first and second mirrors coupled to respective ends of the closed optical path. The first mirror is a ring mirror having a complex valued reflectivity that varies with a rotation rate of a frame within which the optical rotation sensor is placed. A detector is coupled to an output of the Fabry Perot laser to measure an output intensity thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01C 19/68 - Lock-in prevention

Abstract

A light concentrating optic for use with a photovoltaic device includes a light pipe (101) having a first end portion for receiving light and a second end portion for outputting concentrated light. An optical element (102) is coupled to the light pipe on the first end portion and configured to form an optical interface (103) between the light pipe and the optical element. The optical element includes at least one light transmitting surface configured to redirect incident light entering the optical element to disperse the light to fall incident on side walls of the light pipe to increase homogeneity and intensity of light through the second end portion.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/054 - Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means

Abstract

Techniques for cooling concentrating solar collector systems are provided. In one aspect, an apparatus for cooling a photovoltaic cell includes a heat exchanger having a metal plate with a bend therein that positions a first surface of the metal plate at an angle of from about 100 degrees to about 150 degrees relative to a second surface of the metal plate, and a plurality of fins attached to a side of the metal plate opposite the first surface and the second surface; a vapor chamber extending along the first surface and the second surface of the metal plate, crossing the bend; and a cladding material between the vapor chamber and the heat exchanger, wherein the cladding material is configured to thermally couple the vapor chamber to the heat exchanger. A photovoltaic system and method for operating a photovoltaic system are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells

Abstract

Methods for removing a material layer from a base substrate utilizing spalling in which mode III stress, i.e., the stress that is perpendicular to the fracture front created in the base substrate, during spalling is reduced. The substantial reduction of the mode III stress during spalling results in a spalling process in which the spalled material has less surface roughness at one of its' edges as compared to prior art spalling processes in which the mode III stress is present and competes with spalling.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof

Abstract

A convective method is employed to cool a solar concentrator device. The convective method employs formation of a vortex gas circulation inside an enclosure of the solar concentrator device, which is bounded by at least one light-path altering component, sidewalls, and a back panel. Optionally, a heat sink assembly can be provided within the enclosure. Internal convention through the vortex gas circulation transfers the heat generated at a photovoltaic cell to all surfaces of the solar concentrator device to facilitate radiative and/or convective cooling at the outside surfaces of the enclosure.

IPC Classes  ?

• F24S 23/30 - Arrangements for concentrating solar rays for solar heat collectors with lenses

Abstract

Method to (i) introduce additional control into a material spalling process, thus improving both the crack initiation and propagation, and (ii) increase the range of selectable spalling depths are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a stressor layer on a surface of a base substrate at a first temperature which is room temperature. Next, the base substrate including the stressor layer is brought to a second temperature which is less than room temperature. The base substrate is spalled at the second temperature to form a spalled material layer. Thereafter, the spalled material layer is returned to room temperature, i.e., the first temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/30 - Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups

Abstract

A method comprises forming a reaction mixture comprising a terephthalate polyester, a glycol comprising 2 to 5 carbons, and an amidine organocatalyst; and heating the reaction mixture at a temperature of about 120° C or more to depolymerize the terephthalate polyester, thereby forming a terephthalate reaction product comprising a monomeric dihydroxy terephthalate diester; wherein the terephthalate reaction product contains terephthalate oligomers in an amount less than the amount of terephthalate oligomers that would result from i) substituting the amidine organocatalyst with an equimolar amount of a guanidine catalyst and ii) depolymerizing the terephthalate polyester under otherwise identical reaction conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 67/62 - Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
• C07C 69/82 - Terephthalic acid esters
• C07C 4/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by depolymerisation to the original monomer, e.g. dicyclopentadiene to cyclopentadiene
• B01J 31/02 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
• C07C 279/00 - Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups

Abstract

The invention relates to a sewage treatment system, comprising a separation unit (12) adapted to separate sewage sludge from sewage to obtain pretreated sewage; heat generation means (20), such as a two-stage furnace, adapted to generate heat from separated sewage sludge; a purifier unit (16, 18) adapted to evaporate pretreated sewage and re-condense evaporated water contained therein; and first heat transfer means (24) adapted to transfer heat from the heat generation means to the purifier unit, wherein the transferred heat is used to evaporate pretreated sewage. The invention further relates to a sewage treatment method.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 9/10 - Thermal treatment
• C02F 11/12 - Treatment of sludgeDevices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
• C02F 11/06 - Treatment of sludgeDevices therefor by oxidation
• C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation