A first data transmission server obtains an address of a second data transmission server. One of the first and second data transmission servers is a source data transmission server serving a terminal device, and the other is a target data transmission server of the terminal device. The first data transmission server sends a message to a third network element, where the message includes the address of the second data transmission server and an address of the first data transmission server, and the message is for enabling the third network element to configure a fourth network element to replace an address of data transmission of the terminal device during the data transmission of the terminal device. Based on the method, the data transmission of the terminal device may be switched from the source data transmission server to the target data transmission server, to improve data transmission quality of the terminal device.
A communication method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes: An edge configuration server receives a request message, where the request message is used to request information about an edge enabler server, the request message includes an identifier of a first edge application server, the edge configuration server determines one first edge enabler server based on status information of a plurality of first edge application servers, where a status of a first edge application server corresponding to the first edge enabler server is an instantiable but not yet instantiated state, and the edge configuration server sends a response message, where the response message includes information about the first edge enabler server. Only the information about the one first edge enabler server is sent, so that only the first edge application server on the first edge enabler server may be instantiated, to avoid a problem of a waste of edge data network resources caused by instantiation of an unnecessary edge application server.
A PPDU-based communication method and an apparatus are applicable to a wireless local area network system that supports an 802.15 standard, for example, 802.15.4a, 802.15.4z, 802.15.4ab, a next-generation protocol of 802.15.4a, 802.15.4z, or 802.15.4ab, or 802.11 series protocols such as a next generation of 802.11be like Wi-Fi 8, or may be applied to a UWB-based wireless personal area network system, a sensing system, or the like. The method includes: A transmit end generates a PPDU based on a mapping relationship between a data symbol and a chip sequence, and sends the PPDU; and correspondingly, a receive end receives the PPDU, and then processes the PPDU based on the mapping relationship, where a minimum Hamming distance is greater than or equal to L/2. The minimum Hamming distance is increased, so that a bit error rate is reduced effectively.
A data transmission method and a communication apparatus are provided, and may be applied to a wireless local area network system that supports an IEEE 802.11ax next-generation Wi-Fi protocol, for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, or for another example, 802.11 series protocols such as a next-generation protocol of 802.11be and Wi-Fi 8. The method includes: A first station generates a first frame, and sends the first frame to a wireless access point, where the first frame is for indicating that the first station has to-be-transmitted data that needs to be sent. The first station clearly indicates, to the wireless access point by using the first frame, that the first station has the to-be-transmitted data that needs to be sent. In this way, even if the wireless access point obtains a transmission opportunity that is for transmitting data of the wireless access point, the wireless access point can clearly know that the first station has the to-be-transmitted data that needs to be sent. Therefore, the wireless access point may allocate remaining transmission time in the transmission opportunity of the wireless access point to the first station or schedule the first station, so that the first station sends the to-be-transmitted data in time, thereby reducing a transmission latency of the to-be-transmitted data.
Embodiments ofthis application disclose a monostatic sensing method and a related product. The method includes: performing monostatic sensing based on a first frame structure, to obtain a first sensing result; receiving a first request frame sent by a second device, where the first request frame is used to request to obtain a monostatic sensing result; sending a first response frame to the second device based on the first request frame, where the first response frame includes the first sensing result. This application is implemented, so that the monostatic sensing result of the device can be fully used.
This application provides an optical communication method, applied to the field of optical communication. The optical communication method includes the following steps: obtaining a wavelength division multiplexing optical signal, where the wavelength division multiplexing optical signal includes N pairs of optical signals, each pair of optical signals includes a first optical signal and a second optical signal that are of different wavelengths and whose polarizations are orthogonal to each other, N is an integer greater than 1, a frequency of at least one of N first optical signals and a frequency of at least one of N second optical signals are within a ZDF region of an optical fiber; and sending the wavelength division multiplexing optical signal through the optical fiber. In this application, optical signals with different polarizations are configured within the ZDF region, to reduce impact of a four-wave mixing effect.
Provided in the present application are a communication method and apparatus, which can be used for reducing the cost and complexity of a baseband chip for processing low-frequency signals and high-frequency signals. The present application is applied to a wireless local area network system supporting WLAN protocols, for example, supporting 802.11-series protocols such as next-generation Wi-Fi protocols of IEEE 802.11be, like Wi-Fi 8. In the present application, the number of subcarriers corresponding to a first channel of a first frequency band is greater than or equal to the number of subcarriers corresponding to a second channel of a second frequency band; the ratio of the bandwidth of the first channel to a minimum channel bandwidth supported by the first frequency band is equal to the ratio of the bandwidth of the second channel to a minimum channel bandwidth supported by the second frequency band; the minimum channel bandwidth supported by the first frequency band is greater than the minimum channel bandwidth supported by the second frequency band.
A communication method and an apparatus are provided, to determine that an anchor of a terminal device is on a satellite. A policy control function network element determines that a category of a backhaul network of the terminal device is a satellite backhaul category, determines policy information of the terminal device based on the satellite backhaul category and service deployment information, and sends the policy information to the terminal device. The policy information includes a correspondence between a first-type service and a first-type routing policy, the service deployment information includes deployment information of the first-type service deployed on the satellite, and the first-type routing policy is used for determining a user plane function network element on the satellite as a session anchor of the terminal device. In this way, the policy control function network element can sense the category of the backhaul network of the terminal device, and when the category of the backhaul network of the terminal device is the satellite backhaul category, determine appropriate policy information for the terminal device, so that the terminal device selects a routing policy corresponding to the service deployed on the satellite, and it is ensured that the anchor of the terminal device is determined on the satellite. This reduces a service communication delay and improves user experience.
This application relates to a method for transmitting a ranging signal in a UWB, an apparatus, and a readable storage medium, in a wireless local area network. The method includes: a first device constructs a ranging signal waveform through time reversal by using a channel impulse response of a channel between the first device and a second device or a received signal sent by the second device, to implement matching between a ranging signal and the channel; and the second device completes ToF measurement based on a received signal by using a correlation operation, and determines, through sampling, determining, and a correlation operation, whether a ranging process is interfered with, to implement integrity protection for the ranging signal. A receive end may have a capability of detecting whether a ranging process is interfered with, thereby ensuring integrity of a ranging signal without compromising ranging performance of a system.
This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and discloses a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A terminal device receives, in a first cell, configuration information of at least one candidate cell from an access network device; and selects a second cell when a radio link of the first cell meets a first condition (that is, a problem occurs on the radio link of the first cell). If the second cell belongs to the at least one candidate cell, the terminal device is handed over from the first cell to the second cell, and communicates with the access network device in the second cell based on configuration information of the second cell. In this way, after the problem occurs on the radio link of the first cell, the terminal device can be handed over to the second cell, and communicate with the access network device based on the configuration information that is of the second cell and that is received in the first cell. This can effectively save transmission resources, and quickly recover the radio link. Alternatively, if the second cell does not belong to the at least one candidate cell, the terminal device performs RRC reestablishment to access the second cell to recover the radio link.
This application discloses a multi-link communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A transmitter sends a first A-MPDU, and a receiver receives the first A-MPDU. The receiver obtains a locally recorded scoreboard context, and when the first A-MPDU meets at least one of the following conditions: a first condition, a second condition, a third condition, or a fourth condition, the receiver refreshes the scoreboard context based on an SN of the first A-MPDU. According to the method provided in this application, the receiver can properly and effectively refresh the local scoreboard context, to ensure that the receiver correctly feeds back receiving statuses of all MPDUs in an A-MPDU received by the receiver.
This application provides a spatial reuse method and a first device. The method is applicable to a WLAN system that supports the EHT or 802.11be standard. The method includes: receiving a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU sent by a second device, where a bandwidth of the PPDU includes a plurality of 20 megahertz MHz subchannels; and performing OBSS PD-based spatial reuse, where a first signal strength level of the received PPDU is less than an OBSS PD level, and a unit of the first signal strength level is decibel-milliwatt dBm/20 MHz. It can be learned that, according to the method provided in this application, when the first device cannot receive all 20 MHz subchannels of the entire bandwidth of the PPDU, preamble puncturing occurs, or complete preamble puncturing information cannot be obtained, a signal strength level can still be successfully measured. This increases a feasible scenario in which OBSS PD-based spatial reuse can be performed, and improves throughput of the entire system.
This application provides an encoding configuration method and an apparatus. The method includes: An optical network unit receives first information, where the first information indicates a change amount of forward error correction codeword information relative to first forward error correction mother code. The optical network unit 5 determines the forward error correction codeword information based on the first information. According to technical solutions provided in this application, the change amount of the forward error correction codeword information relative to the first forward error correction mother code is indicated, to help implement flexible configuration of the forward error correction codeword information.
Embodiments of this application provide a multi-link communication method and a multilink device. The multi-link device respectively receives a first A-MPDU and a second A-MPDU over a first link and a second link, where the first A-MPDU and the second A-MPDU have a same traffic identifier, and the first A-MPDU is received before the second A-MPDU. The method includes: The multi-link device determines a start sequence number or an end sequence number of a scoreboard on the first link based on the first A-MPDU received over the second link; and the multi-link device sends a first block acknowledgment frame over the first link based on the start sequence number or the end sequence number of the scoreboard on the first link and the received second A-MPDU, where the first block acknowledgment frame is used to acknowledge a receiving status of the second A-MPDU. According to the method in this application, receiving devices of different links can correctly feed back receiving statuses of all MPDUs in received A-MPDUs.
A PPDU-based communication method and apparatus are disclosed, are used in a wireless local area network system that supports 802.11 series protocols such as a next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of IEEE 802.11ax, for example, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT, and a next-generation protocol of 802.11be, for example, Wi-Fi 8, and may be further used in a UWB-based wireless personal local area network system, a sensing (sensing) system, and the like. A transmit end generates a PPDU, and sends the PPDU on a first high frequency channel. Correspondingly, a receive end receives the PPDU on the first high frequency channel, and processes the PPDU. The first high frequency channel may include a first pilot subcarrier and a first data subcarrier, a quantity of first pilot subcarriers is greater than a quantity of second pilot subcarriers, and a quantity of first data subcarriers is equal to a quantity of second data subcarriers. This can effectively improve demodulation accuracy of the receive end.
The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and provides an access network device determining method and apparatus, which solve the problem in the prior art that a terminal device cannot learn a network slice supported by a non-3GPP access network device, so that when the terminal device requests, by means of the non-3GPP access network device, to access a network, a network slice to which access is required by the terminal device may not be accessed. The method comprises: a terminal device sends a first message to a mobility management device by means of a first access network device, the first message comprising an identifier of at least one network slice, and the first message indicating requesting to access a network slice; receiving a second message by means of the first access network device or a second access network device, the second message comprising information of the second access network device, and the second message indicating that the second access network device supports one or more of the at least one network slice; and establishing a connection to the second access network device.
This application provides an uplink transmission method and a communication apparatus. In the method, a terminal device may determine, based on an RRC parameter and/or indication signaling from a network side, according to a predefined selection policy, based on a combination of supported carriers that may be for parallel sending, in a predefined manner, or based on one or a combination of any two or more of these implementations in a plurality of possible radio frequency chain state supporting current uplink transmission, a radio frequency chain state that is during the current uplink transmission. This can resolve a problem that the terminal device cannot determine the radio frequency chain state that is during the current uplink transmission because a plurality of radio frequency chain states supporting the current uplink transmission exist when the network side implicitly indicates the terminal device to perform radio frequency chain switching by indicating a quantity of antenna ports to be used by the terminal device to perform uplink transmission on a carrier, to support a scenario in which the terminal device is configured by the network side to perform radio frequency chain switching on carriers on at least two frequency bands.
Embodiments of this application disclose a communication method, to optimize a channel access parameter. The method includes: A first station sends a request frame to an access point. The request frame is used to request to obtain a channel priority access right. The request frame carries a first parameter set. The first parameter set includes MU EDCA parameters that the first station intends to use to perform channel contention. The first station receives a response frame for the request frame. The first station is an EPCS station. The first station performs channel access by using an MU EDCA mechanism. In embodiments of this application, the first parameter set includes the MU EDCA parameters that the first station intends to use to perform channel contention. The request frame carrying the first parameter set is sent. In this way, channel contention is performed by using parameters with a higher channel access priority.
Embodiments of this application disclose a network coding method and apparatus. The method includes: selecting a data packet group from a plurality of to-be-sent data packets; encoding the data packets by using a generator matrix, to generate an encoded data packet; and then sending the encoded data packet to a receiving end. Because the generator matrix is dimension-reduced from a multi-element field to a binary vector field, a calculation amount of the generator matrix is reduced, encoding and decoding complexity is reduced, and a data transmission delay is reduced.
This application provides a communication method and a related apparatus. The method includes: generating a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU, where the PPDU includes a first signal field, the first signal field includes a resource unit allocation subfield and at least one user field corresponding to each user, the resource unit allocation subfield indicates a frequency domain resource allocated to the user corresponding to each user field, the user corresponding to each user field includes a first user that uses joint source and channel coding, the PPDU further includes a second signal field of the first user that uses joint source and channel coding, the second signal field of the first user indicates a joint source and channel coding parameter of a source layer corresponding to the first user, and the second signal field of the first user is located on a frequency domain resource allocated to the first user; and sending the PPDU. Embodiments of this application are implemented, so that complexity of reading a signal field by all users can be reduced.
This application provides an access network device selection method and an apparatus, to select a proper non-3GPP access network device for a terminal device, and relates to the field of wireless communication technologies. In the method, the terminal device may indicate, to a DNS through one or more of first indication information, second indication information, and at least one GIN, whether the terminal device needs to support external authentication. Therefore, when selecting the non-3GPP access network device for the terminal device, the DNS may consider one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, and the at least one GIN, to select the proper non-3GPP access network device for the terminal device based on the indication of the terminal device. For example, when the terminal device supports external authentication or needs to support external authentication, the DNS may select, for the terminal device, a non-3GPP access network device capable of performing external authentication. In this way, the DNS can support the terminal device in accessing a non-public network through a non-3GPP access network.
This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and discloses a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: After determining that a first cell is a serving cell of a terminal device, an access network device may send N sets of data transmission mode information to the terminal device in the first cell, where N is a positive integer. The N sets of data transmission mode information include first data transmission mode information corresponding to a handover of the terminal device from a second cell to the first cell and/or second data transmission mode information corresponding to a handover of the terminal device from the second cell to a third cell, where the first cell, the second cell, and the third cell are cells managed by the access network device. According to the method, the access network device may send, to the terminal device in the first cell, data transmission mode information corresponding to a handover of the terminal device between a plurality of cells, so that the terminal device can directly use the corresponding data transmission mode information when the terminal device is subsequently handed over between the plurality of cells, to effectively save transmission resources.
H04N 19/119 - Adaptive subdivision aspects e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks
H04N 19/137 - Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
H04N 19/156 - Availability of hardware or computational resources, e.g. encoding based on power-saving criteria
H04N 19/174 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a slice, e.g. a line of blocks or a group of blocks
H04N 19/85 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
There is provided a method and apparatus associated with a sensing measurement report frame format. A method includes receiving, by an access point (AP) or a station (STA), a request for at least one sensing measurement report. The method also includes transmitting, by the AP or the STA, a sensing measurement report frame that includes a category field, a public action field, and at least one measurement set-up identifier field and at least one sensing measurement report element. The sensing management report frame can include a category field, a public action field, a dialog token field, a measurement set-up identifier field, and a sensing measurement report element.
This application discloses a signal processing method and an apparatus. The method includes: a transmit device that generates and sends a PPDU; and a receive device that receives the PPDU, and processes M sequences carried in the PPDU. The PPDU includes a first field used for carrying M sequences that correspond to M space-time streams, wherein one sequence corresponds to one space-time stream and M is a positive integer. The M sequences include a first sequence, cross correlation energy between the first sequence and at least two of the M sequences within a length range of a Golay complementary sequence is zero when M is greater than 2, autocorrelation side lobe energy of the first sequence within the length range of the Golay complementary sequence is zero, the first sequence is obtained based on a channel estimation CE sequence, and the Golay complementary sequence is used for constructing the CE sequence.
This application provides a communication method and apparatus, and relates to the communication field, to ensure proximity based service relay communication security. In the method, proximity based service authentication infolination #1 provided by a data management network element is used, so that a remote terminal and a network may authenticate each other and generate a proximity based service key used for communication between the remote terminal and a relay terminal. Further, the remote terminal device and the relay terminal device derive a communication protection key for a PC5 connection (namely, a connection between the remote terminal and the relay terminal) based on the proximity based service key, which may include at least one of an encryption key and an integrity protection key, so that proximity based service relay communication security is ensured, and a case such as user information leakage caused by an attack is avoided.
This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and is applied to a wireless local area network that supports the 802.11 series standards such as the 802.11bf standard, and in particular, to a measurement setup identifier determining method and a related apparatus. The method includes: A requesting STA requests an AP as a proxy of the requesting STA to perform sensing measurement. The AP obtains parameters used by the AP and a sensing responder (STA 3) in a proxy sensing procedure, and identifies the parameters. The AP uses an identifier different from an existing identifier at the AP when identifying the parameters. The AP then sends the parameters and the identifier to the sensing responder (STA 3). According to embodiments of this application, a problem of setting a measurement setup identifier in a proxy sensing scenario can be resolved, so that the measurement setup identifier set in the proxy sensing scenario can be distinguished from a measurement setup identifier set in a non-proxy sensing scenario.
H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
H04W 64/00 - Locating users or terminals for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus, and relate to the field of communication technologies. An access network device receives reference information of a first multicast/broadcast service MBS session from a session management network element or an access and mobility management network element, where the reference information of the first MBS session indicates a feature of the first MBS session. The access network device triggers, based on the reference information of the first MBS session, a first receive end corresponding to the first MBS session to enter an idle state or a radio resource control RRC inactive state. In this application, a receive end corresponding to an MBS session is not always in an RRC connected state, and the access network device may trigger, based on reference information of the MBS session, the receive end corresponding to the MBS session to enter the idle state or the RRC inactive state. Therefore, this can avoid maintaining a large quantity of receive ends corresponding to the MBS session in the RRC connected state for a long term, and further save processing resources of the access network device.
H04W 4/06 - Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]Services to user groupsOne-way selective calling services
Embodiments of this application disclose a signal processing method and an apparatus, to effectively improve sequence sending efficiency. The method includes: A first communication apparatus generates a PPDU, and then sends the PPDU. Correspondingly, a second communication apparatus receives the PPDU, and performs processing based on M sequences in a first field included in the PPDU. The PPDU includes the first field, the first field includes the M sequences, cross correlation energy between one of the M sequences and each of m sequences is less than or equal to a first threshold in a reference range, the reference range indicates a range corresponding to a sequence in the M sequences constructed based on a Golay complementary sequence, M is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and m is an integer less than M and greater than or equal to 2.
This application provides a network access method. The method includes: obtaining location information corresponding to a service subscribed to by a first terminal device; obtaining a location of the first terminal device; determining, based on the location of the first terminal device and the location information, that the first terminal device is located in an area indicated by the location information; and sending first indication information to the first terminal device, where the first indication information indicates to access a hosting network, and the hosting network is used to provide the first terminal device with a connection for obtaining the service. According to the method, when it is determined that a terminal device is located in an area indicated by location information corresponding to a service, the terminal device is indicated to access a hosting network, so that the terminal device accesses the hosting network and obtains the service.
Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: An access network device sends first information, where the first information is used to trigger to buffer downlink data of a terminal in an inactive state in a core network element; and the access network device sends second information, where the second information indicates the terminal to enter the inactive state. According to the method provided in this application, a core network side can help an access network side buffer downlink data of a terminal in an inactive state, so that storage pressure of data buffering on the access network side can be relieved.
The present application provides an image encoding and decoding method and a device. The image encoding method of the present application comprises: acquiring a first image feature of a to-be-processed image; performing nonlinear transformation processing on the first image feature to obtain a processed image feature, the nonlinear transformation processing sequentially comprising a first nonlinear operation, convolution processing and a pointwise product operation; encoding according to the processed image feature to obtain a code stream. With the present application, defining convolution parameters can be avoided, so that efficient nonlinear transformation processing in the encoding/decoding network is realized, and the rate distortion performance of the image/video compression algorithm is further improved.
This application provides a communication method and apparatus, to not only improve transmission efficiency in a distributed resource unit (distributed resource unit, DRU) transmission mode, but also improve system performance due to a relatively low peak-to-average ratio (peak-to-average power ratio, PAPR) of a long training field (long training field, LTF) included in a TB PPDU transmitted based on a DRU. In this method, a STA receives a trigger frame, where the trigger frame includes DRU indication information, and the DRU indication information indicates a DRU used by the STA to send a TB PPDU. The STA sends the TB PPDU on the DRU, where the TB PPDU includes a long training field (long training field, LTF). This application is applied to a wireless local area network system supporting next-generation Wi-Fi protocols of IEEE 802.11ax, for example, 802.11 family protocols such as 802.11be or EHT.
An antenna channel sounding method, an apparatus, and a storage medium are provided, to perform antenna selection in a large-scale antenna scenario. In this application, a first communication apparatus sends a first frame and a first PPDU to a second communication apparatus. The first frame includes first indication information for indicating the second communication apparatus to perform transmit antenna channel sounding. The first PPDU is an NDP. The first PPDU includes a first identifier field indicating an identifier of a first transmit antenna set. In this way, the second communication apparatus can determine a correspondence between a transmit antenna channel sounding result corresponding to a received PPDU and an identifier of a transmit antenna set, and can determine an identifier of a transmit antenna set selected based on one or more transmit antenna channel sounding results. This can prevent the second communication apparatus from incorrectly matching a selected transmit antenna channel sounding result with a transmit antenna set, and perform antenna selection based on the antenna channel sounding results in the large-scale antenna scenario.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
37.
DATA COLLECTION METHOD AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS
Embodiments of this application provide a data collection method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: receiving, from a terminal device, terminal device-side data of a service and slice information corresponding to the service; and determining, based on the slice information and the terminal device-side data of the service, terminal device-side data corresponding to the slice information. In this solution, when reporting the terminal device-side data of the service, the terminal device also reports the slice information corresponding to the service, so that the terminal device-side data can be associated with the slice information, and collection of the per-slice terminal device-side data is implemented.
Embodiments of this application provide a method for obtaining a data analytics result and a communication apparatus. The method includes: A first network element receives first information from a terminal device, where the first information includes an analytics identity, and the analytics identity is used to identify a data analytics type requested by the terminal device; the first network element obtains a data analytics result corresponding to the data analytics type; and the first network element sends the data analytics result to the terminal device. According to this application, the terminal device may obtain, through the first network element, the data analytics result corresponding to the data analytics type identified by the analytics identity. This helps the terminal device make a quick response based on the data analytics result, and helps improve performance of the terminal device.
This application discloses a communication method, an apparatus, and a device, to ensure continuity of service transmission. The method includes: An AS sends a service data packet of a first service to a terminal device over a multicast session. When a condition for the terminal device to perform inter-communication system switching is met or the terminal device performs the inter-communication system switching, the terminal device may send first information to trigger the AS to send the service data packet of the first service to the terminal device in a unicast transmission mode. In this way, an inter-communication system switching procedure of the terminal device does not affect transmission of the first service of the terminal device, to ensure continuity of service transmission.
The application relates to link adaptation for extremely high throughput (EHT) systems. Various approaches are provided to enable transmission of link adaptation parameters for single-user multiple input multiple output (SU-MIMO), and multi-user multiple input multiple output MU-MIMO. In some embodiments, two control IDs in the A-control subfield are used, one for SU-MIMO and one for MU-MIMO. These can both be reserved control IDs, or a combination of a reserved control ID and control ID 2 normally used for HE link adaptation. In some embodiments, a single control ID in the A-control subfield is used. This can be a reserved control ID or control ID 2 normally used for HE link adaptation.
Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus. A communication apparatus determines whether a first uplink transmission resource overlaps a first sidelink transmission resource in time domain; when the first uplink transmission resource overlaps the first sidelink transmission resource in time domain, the communication apparatus determines a first configured maximum output power based on a first maximum power reduction, where the first maximum power reduction is a maximum power reduction corresponding to a con-current mode; and the communication apparatus determines a transmitted power for a first uplink transmission and a transmitted power for a first sidelink transmission based on the first configured maximum output power. When the first uplink transmission resource overlaps the first sidelink transmission resource in time domain, an appropriate configured maximum output power in the con-current mode is determined, so that communication and a communication success rate can be effectively improved.
This application provides a data transmission method and a communication apparatus. The data transmission method includes: A terminal device receives first information from a first access network device, where the first information indicates the terminal device to be handed over and connected to a second access network device. The terminal device sends a first data packet to the second access network device after the terminal device successfully accesses the second access network device, where the first data packet is a data packet that has been sent by the terminal device to the first access network device before the terminal device successfully accesses the second access network device. According to the data transmission method, after the terminal device is handed over from the first access network device and connected to the second access network device, the terminal device can retransmit, to the second access network device, data that has been sent to the first access network device, thereby improving data transmission reliability of the terminal device in a handover process.
Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: A multicast session management network element receives first information of a first multicast service from an application server, where the first information indicates at least one of the following: a first service area of the first multicast service, a type of the first multicast service, or the first multicast service. The multicast session management network element sends a second service area identifier of the first multicast service to the application server based on the first information. In this way, the application server may obtain the second service area identifier of the first multicast service, namely, a service area identifier of the first multicast service when the application server does not learn of network topology information.
H04W 4/06 - Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]Services to user groupsOne-way selective calling services
44.
NETWORK CAPACITY OPTIMIZATION METHOD, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM
This application provides a network capacity optimization method, an apparatus, and a system, and relates to the field of communication technologies. The solution is used to adjust a network capacity of an area based on a network capacity optimization requirement, so that network capacity performance of the area satisfies a requirement. The solution includes: obtaining network capacity optimization requirement information that includes at least a network capacity optimization target, where the network capacity optimization target is used to describe a requirement for network capacity performance of a first area; determining, for the first area based on the network capacity optimization requirement information, a network capacity optimization solution used to address at least a network capacity issue that exists in the first area; and optimizing a network capacity of the first area by using the network capacity optimization solution. This solution can satisfy the network capacity optimization target, that is, network capacity performance of the area after the optimization is enabled to satisfy the requirement as soon as possible. When a network capacity optimization limitation condition is included, it helps learn in time whether the network capacity performance of the first area satisfies the network capacity optimization target.
Embodiments of this application provide a positioning method, an apparatus, and a system, so that a network side obtains accurate geographical location information of a terminal device in time in a satellite communication scenario. The method includes: After determining that a trigger condition occurs, an access network device sends first location information of a terminal device to a core network device, where the first location information includes a first tracking area identity TAI, and the first TAI is an identifier of a tracking area in which the terminal device is currently located. This application is applicable to the field of communication technologies.
This application provides a communication method, a communication apparatus, and a communication system. The method includes: determining sleep time information of a terminal device based on satellite coverage information of the terminal device, where the satellite coverage information indicates a time period in which the terminal device is covered by a satellite network and/or a time period in which the terminal device is not covered by the satellite network, and a sleep time period corresponding to the sleep time information includes the time period in which the terminal device is not covered by the satellite network; and sending the sleep time information to the terminal device. According to the solution, the sleep time information is determined based on the satellite coverage information of the terminal device, and the sleep time period corresponding to the sleep time information includes the time period in which the terminal device is not covered by the satellite network, to ensure that the terminal device can sleep as much as possible in the time period in which the terminal device is not covered by the satellite network, and avoid unnecessary network connection operations such as cell selection, to reduce power consumption of the terminal device.
Embodiments of this application provide a communication method, a communication apparatus, and a communication system. The method includes: A data analytics network element receives a request message from a core network element or a third-party network element, where the request message is used to request an analytics result. The data analytics network element sends, to the core network element or the third-party network element, block information and an analytics result corresponding to the block information, where a coverage area of a block corresponding to the block information is smaller than a coverage area of a cell. In this solution, the data analytics network element provides the core network element or the third-party network element with an analytics result at a block granularity that is finer than a cell granularity, so that a more refined operation based on the analytics result at the block granularity can be performed.
This application provides a handover method, a communication apparatus, and a computer storage medium. The method includes: A first access network device determines, based on coverage information of a neighboring access network device and route information of a terminal, a second access network device that can provide a communication service for the terminal, and sends a handover request message to the second access network device. Adaptation between a moving path of the terminal and a coverage range of a neighboring base station is considered in a process of determining a target access network device or a candidate target access network device, so that the terminal can be handed over to an access network device that matches the moving path of the terminal.
This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method may include: A first session management network element obtains IP address information of a visited network. The first session management network element sends the IP address information to an edge application server discovery network element. The first session management network element and the edge application server discovery network element are network elements deployed in a home network. After a terminal device accesses the visited network through HR roaming, the terminal device may access a service in the visited network by using the IP address information.
A method includes: When a first condition is met, an access network device of a first network standard obtains user plane integrity protection indication information and an integrity protection algorithm identifier of a second network standard, sends a first message to a terminal device, and activates user plane integrity protection for a first data radio bearer (DRB) based on a first key and the integrity protection algorithm of the second network standard. The first condition includes: determining to establish the first DRB between the access network device of the first network standard and the terminal device, and determining to enable the user plane integrity protection for the first DRB. The user plane integrity protection indication information indicates to enable the user plane integrity protection for the first DRB. The first message includes the user plane integrity protection indication information and the integrity protection algorithm identifier of the second network standard.
This application provides an information transmission method and apparatus. The method may include: A first session management network element selects an edge application server discovery network element, where the first session management network element and the edge application server discovery network element are network elements deployed in a visited network. The first session management network element sends address information of the edge application server discovery network element. In this way, after accessing the visited network through HR roaming, a terminal device may access a service in the visited network by using the edge application server discovery network element selected by the first session management network element.
This application discloses a communication method and apparatus, used for transmission of UCI through a channel that occupies a plurality of time units. The method is as follows: After determining a quantity of coded modulation symbols of first UCI, a terminal device may send the first UCI to a network device through a first channel that occupies a plurality of time units. The quantity of coded modulation symbols of the first UCI is determined based on a quantity N of time units occupied by the first channel and/or a scaling factor K of a transport block carried on the first channel. In this way, transmission of the UCI can be performed through the channel that occupies the plurality of time units.
This application provides a radio frame sending method and apparatus, and a radio frame receiving method and apparatus. First information for identifying a first MLD in an MLE is included in a radio frame, so that a receiver of the radio frame obtains information of the first MLD from the MLE based on the first information after receiving the radio frame. In the method, a first AP generates the radio frame including the MLE, the MLE carries the information of the first MLD, the MLE includes the first information, and the first information identifies the first MLD; and the first AP sends the radio frame. This application is applied to a wireless local area network system supporting next-generation Wi-Fi protocols of IEEE 802.11ax, for example 802.11be (or referred to as the EHT protocol) and other 802.11 family of protocols.
This application provides a method for determining a key obtaining manner, a communication method, and a communication apparatus. The method for determining the key obtaining manner includes: When a preset condition is met, a first terminal device sends a first message to a second terminal device, where the first message includes first indication information, the first indication information indicates to obtain a first PC5 key in a control plane manner, and the first PC5 key is a key used for a PC5 link between the first terminal device and the second terminal device; and the first terminal device receives, from the second terminal device, a response message of the first message, where the response message indicates whether the second terminal device can obtain the first PC5 key. Based on this application, a problem of how to determine a manner of obtaining a PC5 key can be resolved.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a manner to enabling high-resolution sensing, localization, imaging, and environment reconstruction capabilities in a wireless communication system. A radio frequency (RF) map of the environment includes coarse location and orientation information for at least one reflector and at least one targeted device of the wireless communication system. A fine sensing procedure may involve using the information in the RF map to carry out sensing in a more limited region of the environment. The second stage may employ a sensing signal configuration provided to at least one device to be sensed in the limited region, so that the at least one device may assist in the sensing.
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
This application provides a feature map encoding and decoding method and an apparatus, and relates to the field of artificial intelligence (Al)-based data encoding and decoding technologies, and specifically, to the field of neural network-based data encoding and decoding technologies. The feature map decoding method includes: obtaining a bitstream of a to-be-decoded feature map, where the to-be-decoded feature map includes a plurality of feature elements; obtaining a first probability estimation result corresponding to each feature element based on the bitstream, where the first probability estimation result includes a first peak probability; determining a set of first feature elements and a set of second feature elements from the plurality of feature elements based on a first threshold and the first peak probability corresponding to each feature element; and obtaining a decoded feature map based on the set of first feature elements and the set of second feature elements. A decoding manner of each feature element is determined based on the probability estimation result and the first peak probability corresponding to each feature element. This can improve encoding and decoding performance while reducing encoding and decoding complexity.
H04N 19/136 - Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
H04N 19/593 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and a communication device. The communication method includes: A mobility management device obtains first information of a terminal device, where the first information includes a home network identifier and/or a routing indicator that are/is of the terminal device, the first information indicates the mobility management device to select a second authentication device of a second network, a credential of the terminal device belongs to the second network, and the second authentication device is not deployed in the second network. The mobility management device selects a first authentication device based on the first information, where the first authentication device and the mobility management device belong to a first network.According to the method, in this application, the terminal device can be enabled to perform authentication when the second authentication device is not deployed in the second network.
This application provides a communication method and a multi-link device. The method includes: When only one of a plurality of links is successfully established, a first MLD performs air interface transmission with a second MLD according to a single-link communication rule. The plurality of links may be a plurality of links that the first MLD requests to establish, or the plurality of links may be a plurality of links that have been successfully established between the first MLD and the second MLD. According to the solution in this application, when only one of the plurality of links is successfully established, the first MLD does not perform air interface transmission with the second MLD according to a multi-link communication rule. Specifically, an address 2 field carried in a frame over the air that is sent by the first MLD is a MAC address of the first MLD. In a secure procedure, an address used by the first MLD for key generation may also be the MAC address of the first MLD. Therefore, the address used by the first MLD for key generation may be consistent with the address 2 field carried in air interface transmission.
A communication method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: A terminal device obtains first information and second information, where the first information is used to determine a length of a first-type symbol component, the second information is used to determine at least one of a length of a second-type symbol component and a length of a third-type symbol component, and the length of the first-type symbol component is greater than the length of the third-type symbol component. The terminal device determines a plurality of signal blocks based on the first information and the second information, and processes each of the plurality of signal blocks to obtain an OFDM symbol corresponding to the signal block. The terminal device sends the OFDM symbol. According to the foregoing method, an FFT receive window corresponding to a first OFDM symbol can be delayed backwards compared with a conventional FFT receive window, to reduce inter-symbol interference on the first OFDM symbol.
This application provides an interference measurement method and an apparatus. The interference measurement method includes: A network device sends first indication information to a terminal device. The first indication information indicates the terminal device to measure signal quality of a first signal. The network device sends the first signal to the terminal device by using N analog beams. N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the analog beam meets a first preset condition. The network device receives a measurement result from the terminal device. The measurement result is the signal quality of the first signal. According to the interference measurement method and the apparatus provided in this application, measurement overheads can be reduced.
This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and is applied to a wireless local area network supporting 802.11 series standards, and in particular, to an NDPA frame transmission method and a related apparatus. The method includes: A beamformer (for example, an AP) generates and sends a universal NDPA frame, where an NDPA variant field (namely, BO and Bl in a sounding dialog token field) included in the universal NDPA frame is set to any one of 00, 01, 10, and 11, and every two octets following the sounding dialog token field in the universal NDPA frame include one AID 11 or one disambiguation bit. If the AID 11 is in a station information field, the AID 11 is less than or equal to 2007; or if the AID 11 is in an extended common field, the AID 11 is greater than 2007. The disambiguation bit is forcibly set to 1. Embodiments of this application can be applied to a future 802.11 standard to support channel sounding, and can further prevent a STA of an earlier version from misreading.
Disclosed are a communication method and an apparatus, the method comprising: in accordance with at least one of a first frequency band, an uplink load or uplink resources, a network device determines, from a second frequency band and a third frequency band, the frequency band of a first on-chip radio frequency, wherein: the first frequency band is a frequency band corresponding to a first component carrier of a terminal apparatus, the second frequency band is identical to the frequency band of a second on-chip radio frequency, and the uplink resources are used to carry a radio signal of the terminal apparatus. The network device can likewise receive a radio signal from the terminal apparatus via the first on-chip radio frequency and via the second on-chip radio frequency. The method can flexibly adjust the frequency band of a first on-chip radio frequency, allowing a network device to simultaneously receive a radio signal from a terminal apparatus via an array plane of a first on-chip radio frequency and via an array plane of a second on-chip radio frequency, thereby preventing idle array planes and improving uplink transmission performance.
This application provides a wireless communication method and a communication apparatus. The wireless communication method includes: A terminal device sends first information to a network device on a first carrier, where the first information is for determining channel information on the first carrier, and the channel information on the first carrier includes a modulation and coding scheme MCS and/or spectrum efficiency on the first carrier. The terminal device receives second information from the network device, where the second information is for scheduling a transmission resource on a second carrier, the second information indicates channel information on the second carrier, the channel information on the second carrier includes an MCS and/or spectrum efficiency on the second carrier, and the channel information on the second carrier is determined based on the channel information on the first carrier. According to the communication method, a multi-carrier transmission rate can be increased, and spectrum usage efficiency can be improved, so that system transmission performance can be improved.
The present application provides a method and apparatus for determining position. The method may comprise: a first terminal device receiving a first message from a second terminal device, the first message being used to request a first target location, and the first target location comprising at least one of the following: a first relative position, an absolute position of a third terminal device, or a second relative position, the first relative position being used to characterize a relative position between the third terminal device and the first terminal device, and the second relative position being used to characterize a relative position between the third terminal device and the second terminal device; and the first terminal device sending the first target location to the second terminal device according to the first message. By means of the present application, a first terminal device assists a second terminal device in obtaining a relative position between a third terminal device and the second terminal device. This not only achieves relative positioning between the second terminal device and the third terminal device, but can also improve the accuracy of the relative position between the third terminal device and the second terminal device.
Embodiments of this disclosure provide an information transmission method, a communication apparatus, a storage medium, a chip, and a program product. The method includes: receiving, by a first device, a trigger-based frame from a second device, where the trigger-based frame includes distributed resource unit indication information; determining one or more distributed resource blocks based on the distributed resource unit indication information, where each distributed resource block includes N1 data subcarriers and N2 pilot subcarriers, and an absolute value of an index difference between every two data subcarriers of N3 data subcarriers in the N1 data subcarriers is greater than or equal to 4; and sending a response to the trigger-based frame to the second device on the one or more distributed resource blocks. In this manner, subcarriers included in a DRU can be fully discrete, and pilot subcarriers included in the DRU can also be fully discrete. Therefore, compared with a continuous RU, the DRU can implement a maximum power amplification multiple at a same power spectral density. This improves transmission efficiency.
This application relates to the wireless communication field, and in particular, to a TB PPDU transmission method and a related apparatus, and is applied to a wireless local area network supporting the 802.11 standard. The method includes: A station receives a triggering frame from an AP, where the triggering frame includes DRU indication information indicating information about a DRU allocated to the station, and the DRU is one or more of predefined discrete resource blocks. For details about the predefined discrete resource blocks, refer to descriptions in embodiments of this application. Then, the station determines, based on an indication of the DRU indication information, the DRU allocated to the station, and sends a TB PPDU by using the DRU allocated to the station. In comparison with a manner in which a continuous RU is used, in a manner in embodiments of this application, a transmit power of a STA can be increased without an increase of a power spectral density, to obtain a higher gain.
This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and is specifically applied to a wireless local area network that supports the 802.11 series standards, and in particular, to a communication method and a related apparatus. The method includes: A non-AP MLD receives a first frame from a first AP when performing a listening operation on a first link. The non-AP MLD switches (some or all of) spatial streams/antennas on each link of the non-AP MLD to the first link to perform a frame exchange with the first AP. When determining that any preset condition in a preset condition set is met, the non-AP MLD switches some spatial streams/antennas on the first link back to each link (or another link) to perform the listening operation. According to embodiments of this application, SM PS and EMLSR may be combined for communication, to resolve a problem that end of a frame exchange is defined by directly reusing an existing SM PS rule is not applicable to the EMLSR.
This application provides a method for sending a PPDU and a communication apparatus. The method may be applied to some scenarios in which PPDU alignment needs to be implemented. For example, in multi-link transmission of non-simultaneous transmit and receive, it needs to be ensured that a time error of simultaneous ending of a plurality of PPDUs does not exceed 8 microseconds. In the method, a transmitter controls duration of one or more fields of a PE field, an EHT-SIG field, and an EHT-LTF field of the PPDU, and/or delays a sending time of the PPDU, so that an error between an end time of the PPDU and a specific time (for example, a first time) is not greater than an error threshold, thereby implementing PPDU alignment. This application is applied to a wireless local area network system supporting next-generation IEEE 802.11ax Wi-Fi protocols, for example, the 802.11 series protocols such as the 802.llbe or the EHT.
This application provides a communication method and apparatus. A value of a specific element of a first AP (or a second AP) is reused in a management frame, to indicate specific elements of a plurality of APs in a multiple BSSID set to which the first AP (or the second AP) belongs. The management frame does not need to carry a plurality of same specific elements in the multiple BSSID set. This reduces redundant data of the management frame, avoids unnecessary overheads, and improves communication efficiency. This application is applied to a wireless local area network system supporting IEEE 802.11ax next-generation Wi-Fi protocols, for example, 802.11 series protocols such as the 802.11be or the EHT.
Embodiments of this application relate to a data communication method and an apparatus. In the method, a session management function sends a first message to an access management function based on context information of a multicast session corresponding to a multicast and broadcast service MBS. The first message is for triggering reporting of location information of a first terminal device. When the location information indicates a location of the first terminal device, and the session management function determines, based on the location of the first terminal device, that the first terminal device is located outside a service area of the MBS, or the location information indicates that the first terminal device is located outside a service area of the MBS, the session management function stops sending data to the first terminal device. According to this solution, the session management function can determine whether a terminal device can receive or should continue to receive data at a current location, and when the terminal device cannot receive or should not continue to receive the data, stop sending the data to the terminal device. This can reduce a waste of transmission resources, and improve a data sending success rate
H04W 4/06 - Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]Services to user groupsOne-way selective calling services
This application provides a communication method and apparatus, to resolve a problem that when a user no longer accesses a MEC platform, an offloading point inserted into a user plane path increases a hop count of the path for accessing a data network, and consequently a path latency is increased, resulting in deterioration of user experience. The method includes: A first session management function network element determines whether a first data network access identifier DNAI is in a service area of the first session management function network element. The first session management function network element sends first information to a first access and mobility management function network element when the first DNAI is in the service area of the first session management function network element, where the first information is used by the first access and mobility management function network element to remove an intermediate session management function network element, and the intermediate session management function network element is a session management function network element that is inserted by the first access and mobility management function network element and that serves a current session.
This application relates to the field of communication technologies. A communication method and an apparatus are provided, to provide a provision manner of a multicast service for a terminal device. An SMF receives a first message from a terminal, where the first message includes a multicast address. The SMF sends a second message to an NRF, where the second message is used to query for an SMF that establishes a multicast session for a multicast service corresponding to the multicast address. The first SMF receives a third message from the NRF, where the third message indicates that the SMF that establishes a multicast session for the multicast service corresponding to the multicast address is not found. The first SM F sends a fourth message to the terminal, where the fourth message indicates that the terminal is rejected to join the multicast session corresponding to the multicast address. A multicast session establishment scenario and a multicast session configuration scenario are distinguished by using the second message, and authorization verification may be performed on the multicast service. When the authorization verification fails, the NRF does not allocate an SMF to the first SMF for multicast session establishment, to properly provide a provision manner of the multicast service for the terminal device.
H04W 4/06 - Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]Services to user groupsOne-way selective calling services
73.
TRANSMISSION CONTROL METHOD IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND RELATED APPARATUS
This application discloses a transmission control method in a satellite communication system and a related apparatus. A terminal may determine, through satellite selection, a target satellite with a strongest signal from at least one geosynchronous orbit satellite. The terminal may determine a satellite transmission link direction based on location information of the terminal and location information of the target satellite. The terminal may further determine a radiation direction of a satellite antenna in the terminal based on geomagnetic data, attitude data, and the like of the terminal. Then, the terminal may enable, by using the satellite transmission link direction and the radiation direction of the satellite antenna, the radiation direction of the satellite antenna in the terminal to be aligned with the target satellite. After aligning with the target satellite, the terminal may send a first data packet to the target satellite along the radiation direction of the satellite antenna. In this way, without relying on an external component, a user can align the radiation direction of the satellite antenna in the terminal with the target satellite, to enhance communication performance between the terminal and the target satellite, and simplify satellite selection and satellite alignment operations performed by the user.
Asynchronization raster design method and an apparatus are provided. The method includes: A network device determines a first bandwidth. A frequency range corresponding to the first bandwidth is above 52.6 gigahertz GHz. The network device configures a plurality of synchronization rasters in the first bandwidth according to a first rule. One synchronization signal block SSB is placed on each synchronization raster, and each synchronization raster corresponds to one global synchronization number. According to the synchronization raster design method provided in this application, an adaptive first bandwidth can be provided for different subcarrier spacings. In the first bandwidth, a synchronization raster is properly designed, to place a synchronization signal block SSB, so that a terminal device can access a target SSB by traversing as few SSBs as possible in a search capability range. This reduces power consumption of the terminal device and improves SSB search efficiency of the terminal device.
This application provides an encoding and decoding method, and an apparatus. The decoding method in this application includes: decoding a bitstream, to obtain a first feature map, where a resolution of the first feature map is lower than a resolution of an original picture; and reconstructing a second feature map based on a first neural network, to obtain a reconstructed picture, where a resolution of the second feature map and a resolution of the reconstructed picture each are a target resolution, the target resolution is lower than the resolution of the original picture, and the second feature map is the first feature map, or the second feature map is a feature map obtained by processing the first feature map based on a second neural network. In this application, efficiency of obtaining the reconstructed picture can be improved, to improve a speed at which a digital video application displays a thumbnail of the original picture.
A phase tracking reference signal transmission method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: determining a first PTRS pattern; and transmitting a PTRS based on the first PTRS pattern. The first PTRS pattern belongs to a first PTRS pattern set, which includes a plurality of PTRS patterns, and none of all PTRS groups in each PTRS pattern in an OFDM symbol is located at a tail of the OFDM symbol; and the PTRS pattern includes a plurality of PTRS groups, and each PTRS group includes a plurality of consecutive PTRS sampling points. None of all PTRS groups in a PTRS pattern is located at the tail of the OFDM symbol, to reduce impact of a parameter on precision of phase noise estimated based on the PTRS, so that when the PTRS is transmitted based on the PTRS pattern, the demodulation performance and spectral efficiency can be improved.
This application provides a secure communication method applicable to a scenario in which a terminal device accesses a network in a manner of non-seamless wireless local area network offloading NSWO, and the method includes: A unified data management entity receives indication information from an authentication server function entity; and the unified data management entity selects extensible authentication protocol-authentication and key agreement EAP-AKA' from at least two authentication manners based on the indication information, to perform authentication with the terminal device. According to the secure communication method and an apparatus provided in this application, the UDM is indicated to select an EAP-AKA' authentication method, so that an authentication procedure between UE and a 5GC in the NSWO scenario can be improved.
This application provides a method and an apparatus for discovering an edge application server. The method includes: A session management function network element that serves a session of a terminal apparatus obtains information about at least one edge application server EAS, or obtains indication information of an EAS that cannot serve the terminal apparatus; and determines first information based on the obtained information. The first information is used to determine information about an ECS option, or the first information is used to determine an address of a local domain name system DNS server. The information about the ECS option or the address of the local DNS server is used to determine an EAS that serves the terminal apparatus. The first information is determined when the information about the EAS or the EAS that cannot serve the terminal apparatus is considered, to avoid deterioration of quality of service of the EAS.
The present application provides a buffer report sending method and device and a buffer report receiving method and device, applicable to a scenario that a plurality of uplinks/downlinks are established between a non-AP MLD and an AP MLD in a Wi-Fi system, such that data on a sidelink can be sent in time, thereby reducing a transmission delay on the sidelink. The buffer report sending method comprises: a non-AP MLD generates a buffer report, and sends the buffer report to an AP MLD on a first uplink/downlink of a plurality of uplinks/downlinks. The buffer report is used for requesting a duration that a first membership non-AP STA in the non-AP MLD performs sidelink transmission on a first sidelink, the first sidelink is a link between a first target non-AP STA and the first membership non-AP STA, and the first target non-AP STA and the first membership non-AP STA belong to a same BSS. Correspondingly, after receiving the buffer report, the AP MLD may allocate a second transmission duration to the first membership non-AP STA, the second transmission duration comprising a duration for the first membership non-AP STA to perform sidelink transmission on the first sidelink.
This application provides a communication method and apparatus, and relates to the communication field. The method includes: generating a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU, where the PPDU includes a first field indicating that the PPDU is an extremely high throughput sounding null data packet (EHT sounding NDP) transmitted based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), the PPDU further includes an extremely high throughput-long training field (EHT-LTF) and a packet extension (PE) field, and the PE field is adjacent to the EHT-LTF; and sending the PPDU. In this way, a Bfee may determine, based on the first field in the PPDU, that the PPDU is the EHT sounding NDP transmitted based on OFDMA, perform channel estimation by using the PPDU, and feed back channel state information to a Bfer, to implement functions such as beamforming and resource scheduling for OFDMA transmission, thereby improving channel quality and a throughput.
Embodiments of this application provide a radio frame sending method and apparatus, and a radio frame receiving method and apparatus, to carry station information of a multi-link station device in a manner in which a plurality of MLEs of a radio frame carry station information of a same link. This avoids a radio frame transmission failure and improves communication efficiency. In the method, a multi-link device generates a radio frame, where the radio frame includes a first multi-link element MLE and a second MLE, the first MLE includes a first information element, the second MLE includes a second information element, and the first information element and the second information element correspond to station information of a same link. Then, the multi-link device sends the radio frame. This application is applied to a wireless local area network system supporting next-generation Wi-Fi protocols of the IEEE 802.11ax, for example, the 802.11 series protocols such as the 802.11be or the EHT.
This application relates to a sensing session establishment method and a communication apparatus. This application is applied to a wireless local area network system supporting IEEE 802.11ax next-generation Wi-Fi protocols, for example, 802.11 series protocols such as the 802.11be or the EHT. The sensing session establishment method includes: An access point sends a first frame to a first station, where the first frame includes first information, the first information indicates a first role of the first station in a sensing session, the first role of the first station in the sensing session is a transmitter and/or a receiver, and the first station is a station participating in the sensing session in a second station associated with the access point; and the access point receives a second frame from the first station, where the second frame includes confirm information for the first frame. According to this application, in a manner in which the access point sends, to a station, a data frame used to configure a role of the station in a sensing session, the access point can flexibly manage the station participating in the sensing session.
A user equipment (UE) may be configured/scheduled with uplink (UL) transmissions over multiple channels. Each UL transmission is aligned with a boundary of a UE fixed period frame (FFP). For each UL transmission, the UE may determine whether a gNB has initiated a channel occupancy time (COT) in a gNB FFP over a corresponding channel. If the COT is not initiated, the UE may initiate a COT in the UE FFP over the channel when the channel is available, by transmitting a corresponding UL transmission over the channel in the UE FFP. The UE may send, to the gNB, information indicating UE-initiated COT channel(s) of the multiple channels over which COT(s) have been initiated by the UE. The gNB may provide feedback for the UL transmissions based on the information.
This application provides a method and an apparatus for reporting buffered data. The method includes: a station STA generates a first frame, where the first frame includes first information, the first information includes time information, the time information indicates a first time, and a first buffered data packet needs to be sent within the first time; and the STA sends the first frame. In this way, the first buffered data packet can be sent in time, and a delay requirement of an urgent service is met.
This application provides a pilot signal transmission method and a related apparatus. The method includes: a first device determines a first frequency band to which a discrete RU allocated to the first device belongs; and the first device sends a first pilot signal of the first device to a second device on all pilot subcarriers included in the first frequency band. According to embodiments of this application, problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading are avoided, and pilot signal transmission reliability is improved.
This application provides a communication mode switching method and a related apparatus. The method may include: A first terminal device sends a first message to a second terminal device, where the first message is used to request to switch at least one service between the first terminal device and the second terminal device from a PC5 interface communication mode to a Uu interface communication mode; and after receiving the first message of the first terminal device, the second terminal device sends a second message to the first terminal device, to notify that some or all of the at least one service are allowed to be switched from the PC5 interface communication mode to the Uu communication mode. According to the method, switching of one or more services from the PC5 interface communication mode to the Uu interface communication mode can be completed through negotiation between terminal devices.
This application provides a communication method and apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium. The communication method includes: receiving first indication information from a network device, where the first indication information is used to determine a frequency-domain position to which a physical uplink control channel PUCCH resource is mapped; and sending information to the network device in first duration by using the PUCCH resource, where frequency-domain positions to which the PUCCH resource is mapped in at least two consecutive time units in the first duration are different. According to the technical solutions provided in this application, a limitation of a frequency-hopping gain of the PUCCH resource can be reduced, and coverage can be enhanced.
This application provides a method for sending data in a wireless network, and a related apparatus. The method includes: A first device determines a distributed resource unit RU allocated to the first device, where the distributed RU includes data subcarriers and pilot subcarriers, all subcarriers of one distributed RU are distributed on a first frequency band, a size of the first frequency band is 20 MHz, the first frequency band includes a maximum of 18 pilot subcarriers that are disposed at an interval, a quantity of pilot subcarriers included in one distributed RU is greater than or equal to 2, and at least two pilot subcarriers included in one distributed RU are spaced by at least M pilot subcarriers; and the first device sends a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU on the distributed RU. According to embodiments of this application, problems such as narrowband interference and frequency selective fading are avoided, and pilot signal transmission reliability is improved.
This application provides a resource indication method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communication technologies. In the method, the first communication apparatus may receive resource indication information. The resource indication information may include resource unit allocation information for indicating one or more first VRUs, and station information of a station to which the one or more first VRUs are allocated. There is a mapping relationship between the first PRU and the first VRU. The first communication apparatus transmits data on the first PRU. Because a continuous VRU is mapped to a discrete PRU, it is equivalent to reducing a quantity of subcarriers per MHz, so that the second communication apparatus can support a larger transmit power. This application is applied to a wireless local area network system supporting IEEE 802.11ax next-generation Wi-Fi protocols, for example, 802.11 series protocols such as the 802.11be or the EHT.
H04W 52/36 - Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
90.
COMMUNICATION METHOD AND DEVICE, STORAGE MEDIUM, AND PROGRAM PRODUCT
Provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are a method for communication, a device, a storage medium, and a program product. In the communication method of the present disclosure, physical layer protocol data units (PPDU) are sent or received on the basis of a subcarrier plan of a first bandwidth. The subcarrier plan comprises physical resource units (PRU), and the PRU are composed of discrete subcarriers. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a PRU composed of discrete subcarriers is obtained by means of processing an original nominal RU. The subcarriers of the discrete PRU may be evenly distributed over a larger bandwidth, and the subcarrier division of the original nominal RU is not changed. In addition, whilst ensuring that the data transmission does not produce a greater PAPR due to the dispersion of the carriers, the transmitter is able to communicate with a greater transmission power.
An optical cable, comprising an outer jacket (100), a main optical fiber (200), and at least two reinforcing members (300), wherein the main optical fiber (200) and the reinforcing members (300) are all located inside the outer jacket (100), the extension directions of the main optical fiber (200) and the reinforcing members (300) are consistent, the at least two reinforcing members (300) are provided at intervals on the periphery of the main optical fiber (200), and at least one reinforcing member (300) is an auxiliary optical fiber. The at least one reinforcing member (300) on one side of the main optical fiber (200) is configured as an auxiliary optical fiber, so that the auxiliary optical fiber serving as the reinforcing member (300) can not only enhance the tensile capacity of the whole optical cable to play a role in protecting the main optical fiber (200) from being damaged under the action of external force, but also can be used for transmitting an optical signal; after the main optical fiber (200) is damaged, the whole optical cable does not need to be replaced, the auxiliary optical fiber is directly fusion-spliced, and the auxiliary optical fiber is used for signal transmission; and the normal use of the optical cable is not only ensured, but also the maintenance of the optical cable is more convenient, and the maintenance cost is also saved.
A procedure and frame structure for Wi-Fi sensing is described. An aspect of the disclosure provides a method of sensing. Such a method includes sending, by an initiating station (STA) to one or more responder STAs, a sensing request comprising a sensing announcement frame (SAF) indicating sensing set-up information including frame structure information. The SAF includes at least one field indicating the frame structure information including one or more of: a sensing set¬ up identifier (ID), an SAF version ID, a sensing session ID, a measurement set-up ID, and a measurement instance ID. The method further includes receiving, by the initiating STA from the one or more responder STAs, one or more responses based on the sensing request.
This application provides a feedback indication method and apparatus, to more comprehensively indicate a feedback, so as to improve applicability of a sensing technology in a scenario of a plurality of devices and a plurality of interactions. The method and the apparatus may be applied to a communication system. The method includes: A first device generates a first frame, and sends die first frame. The first frame includes first information, and the first information indicates a feedback type of a first feedback and/or a feedback type of a second feedback. The first feedback and the second feedback are feedbacks at different levels.
H04L 1/16 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
94.
SENSING RESULT FEEDBACK METHOD, APPARATUS, DEVICE, AND MEDIUM
A sensing result feedback method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium are provided. In an example method, a sensing initiating device sends an indication about truncation and feedback of a time domain channel estimation and sensing sequence to a first sensing responding device. The first sensing responding device truncates the received time domain channel estimation and sensing sequence based on the indication, and feeds back the truncated time domain channel estimation and sensing sequence. Therefore, a sensing sender may perform channel estimation and target sensing based on the truncated time domain channel estimation and sensing sequence. In this manner, feedback overheads can be significantly reduced, and sensing performance can be ensured to some extent.
An access point AP receives action information separately reported by N stations STAs. N pieces of action information are used to determine a training result of a first neural network of each STA. N is a positive integer. The AP determines the training result of the first neural network of each STA based on the N pieces of action information, and sends the training result of the first neural network of each STA to the corresponding STA. The training result of the first neural network of each STA is determined based on the action information reported by the N STAs, instead of only the action information of the STA. This can improve a prediction capability of the first neural network, help improve a capability of each STA to predict channel access behavior of another STA, and improve a system throughput and reduce a communication latency.
This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular, to a PPDll transmission method and a related apparatus, and is specifically applied to a wireless local area network supporting the 802.11 series standards. The method includes: A station receives a trigger frame from an access point. The trigger frame is used to trigger the station to perform EHTTB PPDU transmission, the trigger frame further indicates a resource unit allocated to the station, and the trigger frame includes first indication information indicating that the station can perform EHTTB PPDU transmission on a portion of the allocated resource unit. The station sends an EHTTB PPDU based on an indication of the first indication information. According to embodiments of this application, when a portion of an MRU/RU allocated to the station is idle and another portion is busy, the station can be supported in transmitting the EHTTB PPDU on the idle portion of the RU, to improve spectrum resource utilization.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a connector, an adapter, a connector assembly, and a communications device. The adapter includes a housing and a first buckle. A first accommodating space is disposed in the housing, the first accommodating space forms an opening on the housing, a first groove is disposed on the housing, and the first accommodating space is configured to accommodate a first outer housing of the connector from the opening. The first buckle is disposed in the first accommodating space and fastened to the housing, the first buckle includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, and the first protrusion is configured to cooperate with a first slot on the first outer housing to fasten the adapter and the connector. The first groove is configured to provide a movable space for the second protrusion, and the second protrusion is configured to move in the first groove under an external force and drive the first protrusion away from the first slot. The connector and the adapter can be easily unlocked by using embodiments of the present invention.
This application relates to the field of wireless communication, specifically applied to a wireless local area network that supports the 802.11 series standards, and in particular, to a method for determining transmit power in a wireless local area network and a related apparatus. The method includes: A station receives a trigger frame from a first access point, where the trigger frame is used to trigger the station to send a TB PPDU and indicate a resource unit allocated to the station. The station selects, based on a channel busy/idle state detected through sensing, some resource units from the allocated resource unit to transmit the TB PPDU, and calculates transmit power of the station based on a ratio of the selected resource units to the allocated resource unit. The station sends the TB PPDU on the selected resource units at the transmit power. According to embodiments of this application, in a scenario in which the station performs transmission by using some RUs/MRUs in an allocated MRU/RU, transmit power of the station can be reduced, to reduce interference of the station to another device.
Provided in the present application are a feedback method and apparatus, which are used for improving the accuracy of channel measurement. In the method, a first communication apparatus can receive first information, which comprises at least one of the following information: information for indicating the number of times of CSI measurement required for calculating a channel change degree, a CSI type and rule, which are used for calculating the channel change degree, and a feedback suggestion parameter, wherein the feedback suggestion parameter is used for indicating a suggested feedback manner. The first information is used for screening second communication apparatuses, and the first communication apparatus can determine, according to the first information, which second communication apparatus or second communication apparatuses to trigger. By means of sending a second PPDU, the second communication apparatus is triggered to send a feedback result, and correspondingly, the first communication apparatus receives the feedback result. The present application is applied to a wireless local area network system, which supports a next-generation WiFi protocol of IEEE 802.11ax, for example, 802.11 series protocols such as 802.11be or EHT.
Embodiments of this application relate to the field of communication technologies, and provide a data transmission method and an apparatus. A second communication apparatus sends a trigger frame, to trigger at least one first communication apparatus that includes a first communication apparatus to transmit an uplink PPDU. After receiving the trigger frame, the at least one first communication apparatus sends the PPDU to the second communication apparatus based on the trigger frame. The PPDU includes a data field and an STF sequence, the data field is carried in a distributed RU, the distributed RU includes a plurality of subcarrier groups that are discrete in frequency domain, one of the subcarrier groups includes one subcarrier or includes at least two consecutive subcarriers, the STF sequence is carried on all subcarriers of a plurality of consecutive RUs, the plurality of consecutive RUs are consecutive RUs corresponding to the distributed RU, and each of the consecutive RUs includes a plurality of subcarriers that are consecutive in frequency domain. In the foregoing manner, power can be measured accurately by using an STF, a peak to average power ratio is low, and the STF is still periodic.
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