A biomass gasification device equipped with: a preheater 10 which preheats a heat carrier medium 30; a thermal decomposition device 20 which receives the supply of the heat carrier medium 30 that has been preheated with the preheater 10 and performs the thermal decomposition of a biomass with heat of the heat carrier medium 30; a thermally decomposed gas reformer 40 which at least partially combusts a thermally decomposed gas generated as the result of the thermal decomposition with air or oxygen; and a supply mechanism which is arranged between the preheater 10 and the thermal decomposition device 20 and is configured to supply the heat carrier medium 30 from the preheater 10 to the thermal decomposition device 20. The supply mechanism has: an opening/closing unit for storing the heat carrier medium 30 temporality; and a regulation unit which is arranged below the opening/closing unit and can be slid to supply the heat carrier medium 30 supplied from the opening/closing unit to the thermal decomposition device 20.
This biomass gasification device is provided with: a preheater 10 which preheats a heat carrier medium 30; a pyrolyzer 20 which is supplied with the heat carrier medium 30 preheated by the preheater 10 and pyrolyzes biomass with the heat of the heat carrier medium 30; a pyrolysis gas reformer 40 which, by means of air or oxygen, at least partially burns a pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis; and a supply unit which supplies air or oxygen to the pyrolysis gas reformer 40. The supply unit has a first valve for supplying air or oxygen continuously to the pyrolysis gas reformer 40, and a second valve for supplying air or oxygen intermittently to the pyrolysis gas reformer 40.
C10K 3/00 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
C10J 3/12 - Continuous processes using solid heat-carriers
A biomass gasification device equipped with a temporary storage unit 10, 20 in which a heat carrier medium 30 is stored temporality and from which the heat carrier medium 30 is discharged. The temporary storage unit comprises a housing 111, 121 and a discharge unit 119, 129 for discharging the heat carrier medium. In the housing 111, 121, a partitioning wall 115, 125 is provided for forming a gap which the heat carrier medium can pass through between the partitioning wall 115, 125 and a side-part inner wall of the housing 111, 121 or, alternatively, a tubular part 131, 141 through which the heat carrier medium can pass is provided at a side-part inner wall of the housing 111, 121.
The present invention provides a biomass gasification device that optimizes the pyrolysis temperature of biomass, the reforming temperature of pyrolysis gas, and the atmosphere thereof to generate a reformed gas containing a large amount of valuable gas. The present invention related to a biomass gasification device that is provided with a biomass pyrolyzer, a pyrolysis gas reformer, and a pyrolysis gas introduction pipe, wherein: the biomass pyrolyzer is further provided with a heat carrier inlet and outlet ports, and performs pyrolysis on the biomass by heat of the heat carrier; the pyrolysis gas reformer performs steam-reforming on pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass; the pyrolysis gas reformer is further provided with an air or oxygen blow-in port; and the pyrolysis gas introduction pipe is provided on the biomass pyrolyzer-side surface below the upper surface of the heat carrier layer formed in the biomass pyrolyzer.
C10J 3/12 - Continuous processes using solid heat-carriers
C10J 3/22 - Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
C10K 3/00 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
5.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN USING BIOMASS AS RAW MATERIAL
A method for producing hydrogen using a biomass as a raw material, the method having having a pyrolysis step for supplying a heat carrier medium to obtain a pyrolysis gas from a biomass raw material, and a reforming step for raising the temperature of the pyrolysis gas to obtain a reformed gas rich in hydrogen, the method being such that: the heat carrier medium in the pyrolysis step is heated to 680-740°C; in the pyrolysis step, water vapor and oxygen gas are also supplied simultaneously to set the pyrolysis reaction temperature to 640-740°C; and in the reforming step, water vapor and oxygen gas are supplied simultaneously and the heat carrier medium is not supplied in the reforming step.
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
C10K 3/00 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
22O, and that can also reduce the occurrence of tar and soot. The present invention related to a biomass gasification device that is provided with a biomass pyrolyzer, a pyrolysis gas reformer, and a pyrolysis gas introduction pipe, wherein: the biomass pyrolyzer is further provided with a heat carrier inlet and outlet ports, and performs pyrolysis on the biomass by heat of the heat carrier; the pyrolysis gas reformer performs steam-reforming on pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass; the pyrolysis gas reformer is further provided with an air or oxygen blow-in port; and the pyrolysis gas introduction pipe is provided on the biomass pyrolyzer-side surface below the upper surface of the heat carrier layer formed in the biomass pyrolyzer.
The present invention provides a new hydrogen chloride removing agent that exhibits a good hydrogen chloride removal effect at a relatively low temperature. The present invention preferably provides a new hydrogen chloride removing agent for removing hydrogen chloride contained in a hydrogen-chloride-containing gas, such as a pyrolysis gas, a combustion exhaust gas, a dry distillation gas, etc., especially hydrogen chloride contained in a biomass pyrolysis gas. The present invention relates to a hydrogen chloride removing agent characterized by containing a mixture of a calcium carbonate and an imogolite and/or a synthetic imogolite, and relates to a method for removing, by using said hydrogen chloride removing agent, hydrogen chloride contained in a hydrogen-chloride-containing gas, especially hydrogen chloride contained in a biomass pyrolysis gas.
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
The present invention provides a hydrogen storage cartridge that not only is small and lightweight, but also allows storage and discharge of hydrogen at low pressure and normal temperature. Preferably, it is possible to effectively absorb the volume expansion accompanying atomization of a hydrogen storage alloy that occurs due to repeated storage and discharge of hydrogen, and therefore a hydrogen storage cartridge (A) is provided in which not only is deformation due to repeated use, and in particular irregular deformation, extremely unlikely, but also it is possible to effectively avoid hydrogen storage irregularities of the hydrogen storage alloy. The present invention is a hydrogen storage cartridge (A) used for storage of hydrogen contained in biomass thermal decomposition gas, wherein the material of the hydrogen storage cartridge (A) is pure titanium, and the hydrogen storage cartridge (A) includes in the interior space (1) thereof, as a hydrogen storage alloy, at least one hydrogen storage alloy selected from the group comprising lanthanum mischmetal/nickel, titanium/iron, calcium/nickel, and lanthanum/nickel.
The present invention provides a method for recovering hydrogen which not only is capable of efficiently recovering high concentration hydrogen gas by adsorbing and removing hydrocarbon gas such as carbon dioxide from biomass pyrolysis gas under a relatively low pressure but is also capable of storing the recovered high concentration hydrogen gas, preferably, in a cartridge type container that can be used as is as a hydrogen storing container for an apparatus equipped with a fuel cell. The method for recovering hydrogen includes a first purifying stage of purifying biomass pyrolysis gas and a second purifying stage of purifying the obtained purified gas under a pressure equal to or less than the pressure in the first purifying stage to recover gas that contains hydrogen, and further includes a hydrogen storing stage of feeding the gas containing hydrogen recovered in the second purifying stage into the predetermined container filled with a hydrogen storage alloy and storing high purity hydrogen.
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
H01M 8/0606 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
The present invention provides an apparatus which is for producing a hydrogen-containing gas from biomass, and which can optimize biomass pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis gas modification temperature to reduce problems caused by tar. The present invention pertains to a biomass gasification apparatus which is provided with a biomass pyrolysis device, a pyrolysis gas modification device, and pyrolysis gas introduction pipes, wherein: the biomass pyrolysis device and the pyrolysis gas modification device include an introduction opening and a discharge opening for a heat carrier; biomass pyrolysis and pyrolysis gas modification are carried out by the heat of the heat carrier; the biomass pyrolysis device and the pyrolysis gas modification device are arranged in parallel; and the pyrolysis gas introduction pipes are provided on container side surfaces of both of the biomass pyrolysis device and the pyrolysis gas modification device below an upper surface of a heat carrier layer formed in each device, and the pyrolysis gas introduction pipes are horizontally positioned.
C10J 3/54 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
Provided is a hydrogen recovery method such that highly concentrated hydrogen gas can be obtained efficiently by adsorbing and removing hydrocarbon gas such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane, using a relatively low pressure, from pyrolysis gas obtained by heat treating biomass. The present invention is the method for recovering hydrogen from pyrolysis gas obtained by heat treating biomass, characterized by including: a first purifying step of adsorbing and removing gas that mainly includes carbon dioxide under pressure from the pyrolysis gas to purify the pyrolysis gas; and a second purifying step of further adsorbing and removing gas that includes carbon dioxide under pressure from purified gas obtained by the first purifying step at a pressure lower than the pressure in the first purifying step to purify the purified gas in order to recover hydrogen from the purified gas.
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
A gasification apparatus can produce hydrogen-containing gas from biomass with high thermal efficiency at low costs without severe trouble caused by tar generated by pyrolyzing the biomass, while maximizing the gasification rate of the tar. The gasification apparatus includes a biomass pyrolyzing zone for heating biomass in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and a gas reforming zone for heating the resulting pyrolyzed gas in the presence of steam. A plurality of preheated granules and/or lumps is moved from the gas reforming zone to the biomass pyrolyzing zone, the apparatus reforms the gas generated by pyrolyzing the biomass and pyrolyzes the biomass, using the heat of the granules and/or lumps. The biomass pyrolyzing zone and the gas reforming zone is provided in a single vessel, and at least one partitioning plate is provided between the biomass pyrolyzing zone and the gas reforming zone.
C10J 3/84 - Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
C10J 3/12 - Continuous processes using solid heat-carriers
C10K 3/00 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
C10B 49/16 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
The present invention provides a method for collecting hydrogen from a pyrolysis gas that is produced using a biomass as a raw material, whereby it becomes possible to collect a hydrogen gas having significantly high purity, to reduce power required for the collection significantly compared with the conventional techniques, and to also collect carbon dioxide that has been discarded conventionally. The present invention is a method for collecting hydrogen from a pyrolysis gas that is produced by thermally treating a biomass. The method is characterized by comprising: a first purification step of removing carbon dioxide from the pyrolysis gas by adsorption under pressurized conditions to purify the pyrolysis gas; and a second purification step of further increasing the pressure of a purified gas obtained in the first purification step while maintaining the pressure achieved in the first purification step and then removing a gas other than hydrogen from the purified gas by adsorption under pressurized conditions to further purify the purified gas, thereby collecting hydrogen from the purified gas. The method is also characterized in that carbon dioxide that is removed by adsorption in the first purification step is also collected.
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
The present invention provides a device which makes it possible not only to significantly decrease the hassle caused by tar and the like generated by pyrolyzing biomass and to maximize the rate of gasification of the tar generated, but also to produce hydrogen-containing gas from biomass at high thermal efficiency and low cost. A gasifier device, provided with: a biomass pyrolysis zone for heating biomass in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere; and a gas reforming zone for heating, in the presence of steam, pyrolyzed gas thus generated; a plurality of heated granules and/or lumps being moved from the gas reforming zone to the biomass pyrolysis zone to reform pyrolyzed biomass gas and to pyrolyze biomass using the heat possessed by the plurality of granules and/or lumps. The gasifier device is characterized in that the biomass pyrolysis zone and the gas reforming zone are provided in a single vessel, and at least one partitioning plate is provided between the biomass pyrolysis zone and the gas reforming zone.
C10J 3/12 - Continuous processes using solid heat-carriers
B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
The present invention provides a method for producing from organic sludge a hydrogen-containing gas which has high thermal efficiency, is low cost and is extremely low in the emission of greenhouse gases. The invention relates to a method for producing a hydrogen-containing gas by drying organic sludge, then subjecting the obtained organic sludge dry matter to pyrolysis, and steam reforming the generated pyrolysis gas, wherein the method is characterized in that the drying of the organic sludge is performed while cracking the organic sludge in the presence of metal agglomerates and/or ceramic agglomerates, at a temperature of 100 to 200°C with the hot blast obtained by using the waste heat generated when conducting the method for producing a hydrogen-containing gas.
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C02F 11/10 - Treatment of sludgeDevices therefor by pyrolysis
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10J 3/46 - Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension
patents
