Goods & Services

Scientific, optical, weighing, measuring, signaling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; data processing equipment and computers; interfaces (for computers); recorded programs for management of lighting, displays and sensors; processors (central processing units); printed circuits; integrated circuits; switches; electrical condensers [capacitors]; counters; electric and electronic sensors; sensors used in vehicle safety systems, in particular sensors for controlling a restraint system; detectors; pressure sensors; electronic display boards and other similar display devices for vehicles, water level, slope, electrical loss, quantity, temperature and speed indicators; pressure gauges and recorders; meters and detectors of people in a given location; automatic steering devices for vehicles; transmitters of electronic signals; electric and electronic sensors for measuring localized plantar pressure; distance and time recording apparatus; capacitive sensors (electrical and electronic sensors); radar apparatus; sonars; electric resistances; diagnostic instruments [for scientific use]; pressure recorders; pressure indicators; apparatus for physical analysis [other than for medical use]; software for monitoring, controlling and managing global physical operations; simulation apparatus; simulation software [training]; three-dimensional object locators for vehicles (data acquisition and processing devices); electric and electronic monitoring apparatus; distance and position detectors for objects and people; electric field, electric field distortion or electric field change detectors and sensors; presence sensors, namely, electronic sensors that detect the presence of occupants on school buses and other public transport vehicles; safety systems for vehicles based on locating objects in and around vehicles; accident prevention devices for vehicles (safety devices); baby monitors (audio and video devices for monitoring babies); motion sensors; software for millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar imaging; computer application for the control of automobiles; FMCW (frequency modulated continuous wave) radar sensors; millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar transmitters; low-consumption radar sensors for automotive applications; digital signal processors for radar applications; computer hardware accelerators for radar signal processing; electronic systems for detecting and classifying vehicle occupants; object classification algorithms (recorded software); apparatus for detecting living beings; child presence detection sensors; software for electronic controls and software components for electronic controls and computer hardware components, in particular for electronic control apparatus in particular for the automotive field; light-wave distance detection and measurement [LIDAR] apparatus for vehicles. Safety systems for vehicles (not included in other classes), particularly systems for controlling a restraint system; airbags [safety devices for automobiles] and parts relating therero for deployment, pre-positioning or positioning thereof; devices for pretensioning seat belts (safety devices); alarm systems for motor vehicles; safety, security and anti-theft devices and equipment for vehicles. Scientific and technological services, as well as research and design services relating thereto; industrial analysis and research services, in particular research in connection with sensor technique or with encoding apparatus and for vehicle safety; design and development of computer systems; design of electroluminescent systems, particularly for vehicles; design and development of sensory apparatus, particularly in the medical field; design and development of monitoring and tracking devices for use in public places; testing of materials; technical research; surveying (engineering work); research and development of new products (for others); design of sensors for shoes; radar-based analysis services; research and development services in the field of radar technology; radar system development and design services; development of algorithms for detecting vital signs; design of electronic systems for detecting and classifying vehicle occupants; consulting regarding automotive safety system integration; services relating to safety technology for land vehicles; technical advice relating to safety; design services; engineering design and consulting; development of technical projects; technical analysis of data; software development, programming and implementation; Platform as a Service (PaaS); Software as a Service (SaaS); testing, authentication and quality control; technical supervision and inspection; testing of vehicles; medical research services; providing scientific information in the field of medical disorders and their treatment.

Goods & Services

Scientific, optical, weighing, measuring, signaling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; data processing equipment and computers; interfaces [for computers]; recorded programs for using lights, screens and sensors; processors (central processing units); printed circuits; integrated circuits; switches; electrical condensers [capacitors]; counters; electric and electronic sensors; sensors used in vehicle safety systems, in particular sensors for controlling restraint systems; detectors; water level, slope, electrical loss, quantity, temperature and speed indicators; pressure gauges and recorders; meters and detectors of people in a given location; automatic steering devices for vehicles; transmitters of electronic signals; electric and electronic sensors for measuring localized plantar pressure; distance and time recording apparatus; pressure recorders; pressure sensors; capacitive sensors (electrical and/or electronic sensors); radar apparatus; sonars; electric resistances; diagnostic instruments [for scientific use]; apparatus for physical analysis [other than for medical use]; software for monitoring, controlling and managing global physical operations; simulation apparatus; simulation software [training]; three-dimensional object detectors; three-dimensional object locators for vehicles (data acquisition and processing devices); electric and electronic monitoring apparatus; electric field, electric field distortion or electric field change detectors and sensors; devices for locating the position of the driver and passengers in vehicles; presence sensors, namely, electronic sensors that detect the presence of occupants on school buses and other public transport vehicles; safety systems for vehicles based on locating objects inside and around vehicles; accident prevention devices for vehicles (safety devices); baby monitors; motion detectors; software for millimeter-wave [mmWave] radar imaging; computer application for the control of automobiles; FMCW radar sensors; mmWave radar transmitters; low-power radar sensors for automotive applications; digital signal processors for radar applications; hardware accelerators for radar signal processing; electronic systems for detecting and classifying vehicle occupants; object classification algorithms (recorded software); apparatus for detecting living beings; infant presence detection sensors; cybersecurity software; software for electronic controls and software components for electronic controls and computer hardware components, in particular for electronic control apparatus in particular for the automotive field; light-wave distance detection and measurement [LIDAR] apparatus for vehicles. Safety systems for vehicles (not included in other classes), including systems for controlling restraint systems; airbags (safety devices for automobiles) as well as their parts for deployment, pre-positioning or positioning thereof; devices for headrest pre-positioning or positioning; devices for pretensioning seat belts (safety devices); alarm systems for motor vehicles; unmanned vehicles; safety, security and anti-theft devices and equipment for vehicles. Scientific and technological services, as well as research and design relating thereto; industrial analysis and research services, in particular research in connection with sensor technology, encoding apparatus and vehicle safety; design and development of sensory apparatus, particularly in the medical field; design and development of monitoring and tracking devices for use in public places; testing of materials; technical research; engineering services (technical expertise); research and development of new products (for others); design of sensors for shoes; radar-based analysis services; research and development services in radar technology; design of radar systems; development of algorithms for detecting vital signs; design of electronic systems for detecting and classifying vehicle occupants; consulting regarding automotive safety system integration; services relating to safety technology for land vehicles; technical advice relating to safety; design services; engineering design and consulting; development of technical projects; technical analysis of data; software development, programming and implementation; Platform as a Service (PaaS); Software as a Service (SaaS); testing, authentication and quality control; technical supervision and inspection; testing of vehicles; medical research services; providing scientific information in the field of medical disorders and their treatment.

Abstract

The invention provides a pressure and shear movement sensor comprising a first and a second flexible carrier foil (1, 2) stacked on top one another, a spacer layer (3) arranged therebetween, and a sensing circuit. The sensing circuit comprises a source terminal (12) for connection to a voltage source, and an output voltage node (14) for voltage measurement. The sensing circuit further comprises a plurality of resistive segments (15-19) arranged on each carrier foil (1, 2), thereby forming a discontinuous resistive layer (4, 5) on each carrier foil (1, 2), with each resistive segment (15-19) of one of the two carrier foils facing a resistive segment (15-19) of the other carrier foil, thereby forming pairs of resistive segment. The sensing circuit further comprises a conductive layer (10) arranged on each carrier foil (1, 2) to connect resistive segments (15-19) to each other and/or connect resistive segments (15-19) to the source terminal (12) or the output voltage node (14). The spacer layer (3) comprises a cutout in regions which coincide with the resistive segments (15-19) of each carrier foils (1, 2), thereby forming a corresponding plurality of sensing cells. According to the invention, bending deformation of the carrier foils (1, 2) at a sensing cell bring pairs of resistive segments into contact, thereby closing the sensing circuit at least partially and enabling detection of a voltage value at the output voltage node (14), said voltage value being different for at least some of the pair of resistive segments.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01L 1/20 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluidsMeasuring force or stress, in general by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
• G06F 3/041 - Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
• G06F 3/045 - Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact

Goods & Services

Scientific, optical, weighing, measuring, signaling, checking (supervision), life-saving and teaching apparatus and instruments; data processing equipment and computers; interfaces (for computers); recorded programs for management of lighting, displays and sensors; processors (central processing units); printed circuits; integrated circuits; switches; electrical condensers [capacitors]; counters; electric and electronic sensors; sensors used in vehicle safety systems, in particular sensors for controlling a restraint system; detectors; pressure sensors; electronic display boards and other similar display devices for vehicles, water level, slope, electrical loss, quantity, temperature and speed indicators; pressure gauges and recorders; meters and detectors of people in a given location; automatic steering devices for vehicles; transmitters of electronic signals; electric and electronic sensors for measuring localized plantar pressure; distance and time recording apparatus; capacitive sensors (electrical and electronic sensors); radar apparatus; sonars; electric resistances; diagnostic instruments [for scientific use]; pressure recorders; pressure indicators; apparatus for physical analysis [other than for medical use]; software for monitoring, controlling and managing global physical operations; simulation apparatus; simulation software [training]; three-dimensional object locators for vehicles (data acquisition and processing devices); electric and electronic monitoring apparatus; distance and position detectors for objects and people; electric field, electric field distortion or electric field change detectors and sensors; presence sensors, namely, electronic sensors that detect the presence of occupants on school buses and other public transport vehicles; safety systems for vehicles based on locating objects in and around vehicles; accident prevention devices for vehicles (safety devices); baby monitors (audio and video devices for monitoring babies); motion sensors; software for millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar imaging; computer application for the control of automobiles; FMCW (frequency modulated continuous wave) radar sensors; millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar transmitters; low-consumption radar sensors for automotive applications; digital signal processors for radar applications; computer hardware accelerators for radar signal processing; electronic systems for detecting and classifying vehicle occupants; object classification algorithms (recorded software); apparatus for detecting living beings; child presence detection sensors; software for electronic controls and software components for electronic controls and computer hardware components, in particular for electronic control apparatus in particular for the automotive field; light-wave distance detection and measurement [LIDAR] apparatus for vehicles. Safety systems for vehicles (not included in other classes), particularly systems for controlling a restraint system; airbags [safety devices for automobiles] and parts relating therero for deployment, pre-positioning or positioning thereof; devices for pretensioning seat belts (safety devices); alarm systems for motor vehicles; safety, security and anti-theft devices and equipment for vehicles. Scientific and technological services, as well as research and design services relating thereto; industrial analysis and research services, in particular research in connection with sensor technique or with encoding apparatus and for vehicle safety; design and development of computer systems; design of electroluminescent systems, particularly for vehicles; design and development of sensory apparatus, particularly in the medical field; design and development of monitoring and tracking devices for use in public places; testing of materials; technical research; surveying (engineering work); research and development of new products (for others); design of sensors for shoes; radar-based analysis services; research and development services in the field of radar technology; radar system development and design services; development of algorithms for detecting vital signs; design of electronic systems for detecting and classifying vehicle occupants; consulting regarding automotive safety system integration; services relating to safety technology for land vehicles; technical advice relating to safety; design services; engineering design and consulting; development of technical projects; technical analysis of data; software development, programming and implementation; Platform as a Service (PaaS); Software as a Service (SaaS); testing, authentication and quality control; technical supervision and inspection; testing of vehicles; medical research services; providing scientific information in the field of medical disorders and their treatment.

Abstract

A system (1) for object detection by time-domain reflectometry comprises a sensor arrangement (10) with at least one signal line (12, 17, 18, 24), which is disposed within a detection area (A), comprises at least one conductor (13) and is adapted to propagate an electromagnetic signal (S, R), wherein a local impedance of the signal line (12, 17, 18, 24) is influenceable by an object (50) in at least one detection region (D1-D4) associated with the signal line (12, 17, 18, 24), and wherein the sensor arrangement (10) comprises, for at least one signal line (12, 17, 18, 24), at least one impedance discontinuity corresponding to a local impedance change; and a control device (30) that is operatively coupled to the at least one signal line (12, 17, 18, 24). The control device (30) is adapted to: - apply (100) a time-dependent detection signal (S) to each signal line (12) and receive a reflection signal (R) from the signal line (12); - identify (110) at least one characteristic feature (C1-C4) in the reflection signal (R) and determine a measured timing of the characteristic feature (C1-C4) wherein the characteristic feature (C1-C4) is associated with a reflection by an impedance discontinuity of the signal line (12, 17, 18, 24), - determine (120), for each characteristic feature (C1-C4), a time shift between the measured timing and a reference timing of the characteristic feature (C1-C4); and - detect (130) an object (50) in at least one detection region (D1-D4) based on the at least one time shift.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/08 - Systems for measuring distance only
• G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications

Abstract

A multifunctional steering wheel (110) with HOD Sensor comprises a steering wheel rim (112), a steering wheel hub (114) and a number of spokes (116) connecting the steering wheel rim to the steering wheel hub. At least one switch group (118) comprising a number of control switches operatively connected to a vehicle interface for controlling at least one vehicle function, is arranged on the steering wheel hub (114) and/or the spokes (116). The steering wheel (110) further comprises a HOD sensor comprising at least one HOD sensing element (126) arranged on or integrated in the steering wheel rim (112) and a HOD ECU (130) operatively connected to the HOD sensor element (126) for processing signals from the HOD sensing element to determine the presence and/or location of a driver's hands. In accordance with the invention, HOD ECU is integrated into said at least one switch group (118).

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers

Abstract

A system (1) for impedance measurement comprises: - a first voltage source (2), adapted to generate an alternating first supply voltage with reference to ground; - a shield node (4) connected to the first voltage source (2) via a first source impedance (6); - a sense node (5) coupled to the shield node (4) via a sense-shield impedance (3); - a reference portion (10) comprising at least one reference impedance (12, 16) and being at least connectable between the sense node (5) and ground; and - a control unit (25), wherein a detection impedance (30) is couplable between the sense node (5) and ground, and the control unit (25) is adapted to: - perform a primary measurement and a secondary measurement while the first voltage source (2) is active, wherein at least one reference impedance (12, 16) is connected between the sense node (5) and ground in at least one measurement; and - determine the detection impedance (30) at least based on at least one reference impedance (12, 16) and on results of both measurements.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 27/02 - Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant

Abstract

3; applying an atmospheric plasma spray process to cover each of the tracks and a portion of the masking material adjacent each respective track with the electrically conductive material; and applying a cleaning process to remove the electrically conductive material from at least the portion of the masking material adjacent to each respective track.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05K 3/14 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using spraying techniques to apply the conductive material
• H05K 1/03 - Use of materials for the substrate
• H05K 3/26 - Cleaning or polishing of the conductive pattern
• B62D 15/02 - Steering position indicators

Abstract

A computer (500) identifies property data (PROPERTY) that belong to a physical object that has a relation to technical equipment (400). A pre-processor module (510) of the computer, receives a point-cloud data-set (200) from sensors that are associated with the equipment (400). The point-cloud data-set (200) has N data-points. The pre- processor module (510) applies a transformation to the data-set that includes mapping of calculated functional values to a derived data-set pre-defined mapping rule. A previously trained machine-learning tool processes the derived data-set to identify the property data (PROPERTY).

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 20/64 - Three-dimensional objects
• G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks
• G06V 20/56 - Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to an assembly comprising at least one heating unit (3) for heating a surface within a vehicle, which surface can be brought into contact with a person, and at least one sensor unit (21), which is secured to the heating unit in an assembled state of the assembly, for detecting the presence of a person in the vicinity and/or on the surface. The present invention also relates to a method for assembling such an assembly. Moreover, the present invention relates to a seat for a vehicle, comprising such an assembly. By means of the present assembly, a sensor signal from the sensor unit can also be supplied e.g. to an evaluation module.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60N 2/56 - Heating or ventilating devices
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles

Abstract

A system (1) for vital-parameter detection (1) comprises: - a sensor arrangement (10) with at least one signal line (12), which is disposed within a detection area (D) and is adapted to propagate an electromagnetic signal, and at least one coupling element (15), which is disposed so that an electromagnetic coupling between the coupling element (15) and the signal line (12) is influenceable by a body part (50, 51) of a living being in a coupling region (C) associated with the coupling element (15); and - a control device (30) that is operatively coupled to the at least one signal line (12), wherein the control device (30) is adapted to perform at least one detection process (100) which includes: - applying (110) a time-dependent first detection signal (S) to each signal line (12) and receiving a first reflection signal (R) from the signal line (12); - based on the first reflection signal (R), determining (120) a proximity position (P) of a body part (50, 51) using time-domain reflectometry, wherein the proximity of the body part (50, 51) leads to a reflection that contributes to the first reflection signal (R); and - if the proximity position (P) corresponds to a coupling region (C), performing (190) a signal analysis based on at least one signal (R, T) that is influenceable by the electromagnetic coupling between the coupling element (15) and the signal line (12) and thus is influenceable by the body part (50, 51) in the coupling region (C), to obtain (220) an analysis result, and to determine (270) at least one vital parameter of the living being based on at least one analysis result.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/0507 - Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fieldsMeasuring using microwaves or radio waves using microwaves or terahertz waves
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B60R 25/00 - Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles

Abstract

The invention relates to an object detection system (1) comprising an antenna arrangement (3), comprising at least one antenna; a control device (2) adapted to control the antenna arrangement (3) to emit a radio-frequency detection signal (DI, D2) and to detect an object based on a radio-frequency response signal received by the antenna arrangement (3); and at least one passive reflector (10) adapted to at least partially reflect the detection signal (DI, D2), the reflector (10) comprising a metamaterial with a plurality of unit cells, the metamaterial comprising at least one dielectric substrate layer and a conductive structured layer disposed on an upper side thereof, whereby the reflector (10) has a frequency-dependent reflectivity, wherein the control device (2) is adapted to detect the object at least partially based on a frequency spectrum of the response signal. In order to provide efficient means for reliable radar-based object detection, the invention provides that at least one of said at least one reflector (10) has an absorption region (Al, A2) which is smaller than a frequency bandwidth of the detection signal (DI, D2) and in which the reflectivity of the reflector (10) is reduced with respect to neighbouring regions, wherein the absorption region is within the frequency bandwidth, and the control device (2) is adapted to detect the object at least partially based on identifying an influence of the absorption region on the frequency spectrum of the response signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/04 - Systems determining presence of a target
• G01S 13/46 - Indirect determination of position data
• G01S 7/03 - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
• H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
• H01Q 19/10 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
• B60W 50/14 - Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention

Abstract

A method for vital sign monitoring using a radar sensor system that includes a transmitter, a receiver, and processing device. The transmitter irradiates a body region of a person with radar radiation, the receiver generates a receiver signal from reflected radiation from the body region, and the processing device generates, for each of a plurality of processing windows, a displacement signal based on the receiver signal. The displacement signal characterizes a body motion having, as oscillating motions, a breathing motion and a heartbeat motion, and calculates an estimated fundamental frequency for at least one oscillating motion. The processing device applies an adaptive Nonlinear Least Squares method to calculate a plurality of frequency estimates, each of which corresponds to one of a plurality of harmonics of a first oscillating motion, wherein the processing device calculates a first estimated fundamental frequency for the first oscillating motion based on the frequency estimates.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/05 - Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fieldsMeasuring using microwaves or radio waves
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• A61B 5/0245 - Measuring pulse rate or heart rate using sensing means generating electric signals
• A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
• A61B 5/113 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing

Abstract

A compression cell for use in a battery pack comprising a plurality of linearly stacked battery cells. The compression cell includes an at least partially fluid-filled and fluid-proof flexible container having at least one inflation channel that provides fluid communication between the flexible container and an exterior of the flexible container.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 50/242 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
• B60L 50/64 - Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• H01M 50/211 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
• H01M 50/519 - Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteriesInterconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising printed circuit boards [PCB]

Abstract

Sensing arrangement (10) for detection of an object, comprising a first and second sensing circuit (2, 3) extending along a sensing surface (1), and a detection unit (8) coupled to the first and second sensing circuits (2, 3). The detection unit (8) sends a first and a second time-dependent measurement signal respectively traveling along said first or second sensing circuits (2, 3), and receives a first and second reflected signal respectively traveling along said first and second sensing circuits (2, 3) in response to a perturbation of the first and second time-dependent measurement signal caused by proximity of the object to said first or second sensing circuit (2, 3), respectively. Each time-dependent measurement signal has one property distinguishing it from the other time-dependent measurement signal. The detection unit detects presence of the object based on a combination of the received first and second reflected signals.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• B60K 35/10 - Input arrangements, i.e. from user to vehicle, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systemsAnalogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified

Abstract

A vehicle evacuation drill monitoring system and method for carrying out an evacuation drill for a vehicle in which occupants are evacuated from the vehicle. The vehicle evacuation drill monitoring system is configured to perform the method. The method includes the steps of: receiving a vehicle evacuation drill start input from an evacuation drill operator conducting a vehicle evacuation drill at a vehicle; initiating an evacuation countdown timer that defines a temporal extent of an evacuation phase of the vehicle evacuation drill in which one or more occupants are to evacuate a passenger cabin of the vehicle; upon expiration of the evacuation countdown timer, determining whether any occupants remain within the passenger cabin of the vehicle through use of occupant detection sensors installed within the vehicle; and providing an indicator indicating whether the vehicle evacuation drill was successful.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60W 40/08 - Estimation or calculation of driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit related to drivers or passengers
• B60W 50/14 - Means for informing the driver, warning the driver or prompting a driver intervention
• G04F 1/00 - Apparatus which can be set and started to measure-off predetermined or adjustably-fixed time intervals without driving mechanisms, e.g. egg timers

Abstract

A sensing and heating arrangement for capacitive detection of an object in an automotive vehicle, comprises a heater element having a first terminal and a second terminal, a heater circuit including a heating power source and a heater electronic control unit, HCU, said heater circuit configured to supply a heating current to the first and second terminals of said heater element, an AC decoupling element connected between the first and second terminals of said heater element and said heater circuit; and a capacitive sensing unit configured for using said heater element as first antenna electrode, said capacitive sensing unit comprising a sensing circuit including a signal generating unit configured for applying an AC measurement signal to one of said first and second terminals of said heater element and a signal sensing circuit including a current measuring means configured to sense a current flowing into the heater element in response to the applied AC measurement signal. The AC decoupling element comprises a vehicle clock spring which is mounted between the steering wheel and the steering column of the vehicle.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers

Abstract

A pressure sensing cell for use in a battery pack that has a plurality of linearly stacked battery cells. The pressure sensing cell includes an at least partially fluid-filled and fluid-proof flexible pouch container having a plurality of electric feedthroughs, at least one pressure-sensitive member having a plurality of electric pins, that is arranged within the flexible pouch container, and a plurality of electric lines that electrically connect the plurality of electric feedthroughs and the plurality of electric pins. A battery pack is provided that includes a plurality of linearly stacked battery cells and at least one such pressure sensing cell. A method for at least one of detecting upcoming thermal runaway, supporting the evaluating of a state of safety, and supporting the evaluating of a state of health of a battery pack having a plurality of linearly stacked battery cells employs at least one such pressure sensing cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposesMonitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
• B60L 58/16 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
• B60L 58/24 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
• G01L 19/00 - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
• H01M 50/211 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells

Abstract

A battery pack comprises a housing, at least a first battery cell, in particular a pouch cell, arranged within said housing and at least one expansion sensor, wherein an outer shell of said first battery cell comprises an electrically conductive material. The at least one expansion sensor is arranged between the electrically conductive material of said 5 outer shell of said first battery cell and an abutting surface adjacent to said first battery cell and comprises at least one flat inductor circuit arranged on a flexible substrate, said at least one flat inductor circuit being arranged in a contact zone between the first battery cell and said abutting surface adjacent to said first battery cell, at least a first compressible buffer layer arranged between the flexible substrate with the inductor 10 circuit and the electrically conductive material of said outer shell of said first battery cell and a detection circuit coupled to said at least one flat inductor circuit by means of respective connector lines arranged on said flexible substrate for detecting a change in inductance of said at least one flat inductor circuit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte

Abstract

A sensing and heating arrangement (10) for capacitive detection of an object (30), comprising a heating element (20), a sensor electrode (12), a signal generating unit (22) configured to provide a measurement signal to the heating element (20) and the sensor electrode (12), a first signal sensing circuit including current measuring means (24a) configured to sense a current flowing through the heating element (20) in response to the measurement signal, a second signal sensing circuit including current measuring means (24b) configured to sense a current flowing through the sensor electrode (12) in response to the measurement signal, wherein the heating element (20) and the sensor electrode (12) are configured to generate electric fields in response to the measurement signal, and wherein the sensor electrode (12) and the heating element (20) are at least partially layered on each other.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches

Abstract

A radar system for vital signs monitoring such as at least heart rate or breathing and a method for mitigating random body movement and external interference effects in vital signs monitoring such as at least heart rate or breathing by employing a radar system that is configured for providing in-phase and quadrature signals from reflected and received radar waves are provided. The problem of random body movement effects and external interference affecting vital signs monitoring is at least mitigated by decomposing and filtering a reconstructed displacement signal using a time and frequency analysis technique such as Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), followed by a Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) operation. This decomposition allows the identification of time and frequency basis components containing the random body movement interference. Hence, the filtered signal can be reconstructed after removing the random body movement components, thus enabling reliable and robust vital-signs parameter estimation.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• A61B 5/05 - Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fieldsMeasuring using microwaves or radio waves
• A61B 5/113 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing
• G01S 7/35 - Details of non-pulse systems

Abstract

An impedance measurement circuit for determining a complex impedance of a capacitive sensor that is configured for employing at least one electric heater member as an electrode to be operated in loading mode. The measurement circuit includes: a signal generating unit for providing an electric measurement signal; a signal sensing circuit measuring current through the at least one electric heater member; an electric heater member connection circuit comprising a plurality of MOSFETs for selectively electrically connecting the electric heater member either to the signal sensing circuit for complex impedance measurement or to a DC electric power unit for heating purposes; and a control and evaluation unit that is configured for controlling a switching status of the plurality of MOSFETs according to a predefined sequence, and for determining a complex impedance from the determined currents with reference to a complex reference potential during predefined stages of the predefined sequence.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• B60N 2/56 - Heating or ventilating devices
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• H03K 17/0812 - Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit

Abstract

An electric heating and capacitive sensing arrangement that includes: an electrically conductive heating track arranged on a surface of a planar substrate, the electrically conductive track being connectable to a current source so that during a heating operation a current flows through the electrically conductive track. The electrically conductive track is connectable to a capacitive sensing circuit so that during a sensing operation a capacitive sensing signal is applied to the electrically conductive track. The electrically conductive track has at least a first and a second heating track section extending at a distance along each other on the substrate, whereby a gap is formed between the first and the second heating track section. The heating and sensing arrangement further includes a layer of electrically conductive material arranged on the surface of the substrate in the gap between the first and the second heating track section.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• B60N 2/56 - Heating or ventilating devices
• H05B 3/00 - Ohmic-resistance heating

Abstract

Battery pack having at least one battery cell arranged within a housing, and a sensor arrangement arranged between the battery cell and an abutting surface. The sensor arrangement has first and second carrier foils separated by a spacer having a recess. A contact arrangement having first and second electrodes are arranged on the respective first and second carrier foils at the recess. In the operating state, the first electrode is spaced apart a first distance from the second electrode and, in a deformation state, a deformation of the battery cell is detected by a variation of an electrical property of the contact arrangement. The second carrier foil has an inlay having a second recess accommodating an activator unit arranged on the second carrier foil such that, after a transition from the operating state in the deformation state, a pressure force is transmitted via the activator unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• H01M 50/211 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
• H01M 50/578 - Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure

Abstract

An electric heating arrangement having a planar substrate and an electrically conductive heating track arranged on a surface of the substrate. The heating track includes at least a first heating track section and a second heating track section separated from each other by a gap and extending at a distance along each other on the substrate. The electric heating arrangement further includes a layer of thermally conductive material arranged on the surface of the substrate in the gap between the first heating track section and the second heating track section. A width of the layer of thermally conductive material is smaller than a width of the gap between the first heating track section and second heating track section. The layer of thermally conductive material is arranged so as to be separated from the first heating track section and the second heating track section.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• H05B 3/34 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs

Abstract

An impedance measurement circuit for determining a complex impedance of a capacitive sensor having at least one sense electrode operable in loading mode and at least one guard electrode. The measurement circuit includes: a pulse generator unit for providing a periodic electric measurement signal and a periodic electric guard signal; a signal sensing circuit for sensing a sense current flowing through the at least one sense electrode or the sense electrodes in response to the pulse generator unit measurement signal; and a control and evaluation unit. The control and evaluation unit is configured for determining a complex impedance from the determined sense currents with reference to a complex reference potential.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 27/02 - Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• H03K 17/62 - Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector

Abstract

r1r2r3h1h2h3r1r2r3h1h2h3hr1r2r3r3).

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/024 - Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
• A61B 5/0507 - Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fieldsMeasuring using microwaves or radio waves using microwaves or terahertz waves
• A61B 5/08 - Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons

Abstract

A method of operating a capacitive sensing device that includes a capacitive sensor having at least one sense electrode, a measurement signal source for providing an alternating electric measurement signal with at least three fixed predefined signal frequencies to the at least one sense electrode, and an impedance measurement circuit for determining an unknown complex impedance of the at least one sense electrode from a response to the provided electric measurement signal. The method includes, for each predefined signal frequency: determining statistical quantities and signal parameters regarding a number of determined momentary values of an unknown complex impedance; eliminating portions up to a predefined hand touch movement lower limit frequency and from a predefined high-frequency limit down to a predefined hand touch movement upper limit frequency; excluding statistical outliers from determined momentary values; and using an eliminated frequency portion for calculating a momentary reference value for the unknown complex impedance.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels

Abstract

A method of detecting a hand positioning on a steering wheel using a sensing system having an electrically conducting signal line on a rim of the steering wheel with a priori knowledge about a relation between a distance of any portion of the signal line from a reference point and information on a position on the rim, and which further includes an electric impedance change of predefined magnitude that is permanently arranged at a predefined position along the signal line, a signal voltage source, and a control and evaluation unit. From a received measurement signal traveling along the signal line and having been reflected by the electric impedance change and by another portion or portions of the signal line, a reference travel time is determined. A position or positions on the rim of the other portion or portions of the signal line can then be determined.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels

Abstract

A compression cell (20; 42; 48) for use in a battery pack (10) comprising a plurality of linearly stacked battery cells (12, 14, 16) is provided. The compression cell (20; 42; 48) includes an at least partially fluid-filled and fluid-proof flexible container (22) having at least one inflation channel (32) that provides fluid communication between the flexible container (22) and an exterior of the flexible container (22).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60K 1/04 - Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
• H01M 50/242 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
• H01M 50/209 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• G01R 31/382 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
• G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health

Goods & Services

Computer software for detection of the presence of occupants in mass transportation vehicles; computer hardware which detect the presence of occupants in mass transportation vehicles; sensors; digital sensory devices; sensors, detectors and monitoring instruments; sensor controllers; safety sensors for vehicles; occupancy sensors, namely, electronic sensors which detect the presence of occupants in school buses and other mass transportation vehicles; systems for occupant detection in school buses and other mass transportation vehicles comprised of electronic sensors and computer hardware which detect the presence of occupants in school buses and other mass transportation vehicles; anti-theft warning apparatus; electronic anti-theft alarms; remote alarms [other than anti-theft for vehicles]; sensors for land, air or water vehicles, namely, occupancy sensors which detect the presence of occupants in school buses and other mass transportation vehicles, sold as a component of an occupant detection system specially adapted for land, air or water vehicles. Apparatus for locomotion by land, air or water; electrically operated theft prevention installations for vehicles; anti-theft, security and safety devices and equipment for vehicles; alarm systems for motorised vehicles.

Abstract

A capacitive detection device includes a capacitive sensor having a sense electrode and an auxiliary electrode that are arrangeable in the vicinity of an electric heater member for mutual capacitive coupling. The capacitive detection device has a signal voltage source providing an alternating measurement voltage, a complex impedance measurement circuit for measuring complex sense currents and for determining a complex impedance based on the measured complex sense current, and for electrically connecting the auxiliary electrode either with the reference voltage or with the guard signal. The method includes providing the measurement signal to the sense electrode and electrically connect the auxiliary electrode selectively either to the reference voltage or to the guard voltage; determining capacitance values in the two different connection states of the auxiliary electrode; and calculating a compensated capacitance value as a weighted sum of the two determined capacitance values, wherein the weighting factors are predefined constant values.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector

Abstract

A pressure sensing cell (20) for use in a battery pack (10) comprising a plurality of linearly stacked battery cells (12, 14, 16) is provided. The pressure sensing cell (20) comprises an at least partially fluid-filled and fluid-proof flexible pouch container (22) having a plurality of electric feedthroughs (34), at least one pressure-sensitive member (30), comprising a plurality of electric pins (32), that is arranged within the flexible pouch container (22), and a plurality of electric lines (38) that electrically connect the plurality of electric feedthroughs (34) and the plurality of electric pins (32). A battery pack (10) is provided that comprises a plurality of linearly stacked battery cells (12, 14, 16), and at least one such pressure sensing cell (20). A method for at least one of detecting upcoming thermal runaway, supporting the evaluating of a state of safety and supporting the evaluating of a state of health of a battery pack (10) comprising a plurality of linearly stacked battery cells (12, 14, 16) employs at least one such pressure sensing cell (20).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• H01M 50/211 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
• H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
• H01M 50/569 - Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals

Abstract

A sensing system and method of recognizing a hand gesture established by a sequence of hand touch positionings on an object. The method includes at least steps of: providing to a signal line a time-dependent measurement signal; receiving the measurement signal after being at least partially reflected by at least one portion of the signal line; determining positions on the object of the portions of the signal line that have reflected the measurement signal; comparing an obtained plurality of stored successively determined positions on the object with at least one predefined pattern of successive positions to derive a measure of similarity; and providing an output signal that is indicative of the predefined pattern of successive positions if the derived measure of similarity is lower than a predefined threshold value.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B60K 35/10 - Input arrangements, i.e. from user to vehicle, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
• G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer

Abstract

A sensing system for hand or body part positioning detection on an object, particularly on a rim of a steering wheel, includes at least one electrically conducting signal line that is arrangeable on a surface of the object with a priori knowledge about a relation between a distance of any portion of the at least one signal line from a reference point and information on a position on the object, a signal voltage source for providing a time-dependent measurement signal to be traveling along the signal line, and a control and evaluation unit. From a received reflected measurement signal, the control and evaluation unit determines a position or positions on the object of a portion or portions of the signal line at least partially reflecting the measurement signal. Based on the determined position or positions, a hand or body part positioning on the object is determined.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels

Abstract

A method of operating a radar sensor system that is configured to determine range and velocity information from radar waves reflected by a scene in an interior of a vehicle for vital sign detection. The method includes steps to decompose reflected and received signals into range and velocity information, to measure the movement over time in specified range gates and to evaluate the similarities between them. Based on the characteristics of similar behaving range bins, it can be decided whether any detected movement is related to an internal or external disturbance or by vital signs.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• A61B 5/05 - Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fieldsMeasuring using microwaves or radio waves
• A61B 5/113 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing
• A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb

Abstract

A sensor arrangement for capacitive detection of an object, including: an electrode arrangement having a heating element as an electrode; a detection device providing a detection signal to a sensor electrode and capacitively detecting the presence of an object near the sensor electrode; a high-side switch connected between a heating power source having a first potential and the heating element; a low-side switch connected between the heating element and a second potential; and a gate controller closing the high-side switch and low-side switch in a heating mode and opening the high-side switch and low-side switch in a detection mode. A decoupling MOSFET is connected between the high-side switch and heating element. The gate controller closes the MOSFET in the heating mode and opens the MOSFET in the detection mode. During the detection mode, the decoupling circuit provides a third potential at a first node between the high-side switch and MOSFET.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• B60N 2/56 - Heating or ventilating devices
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• H03K 17/74 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of diodes
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• H05B 3/00 - Ohmic-resistance heating
• H05B 3/03 - Electrodes

Abstract

A radar system (10) for vital signs monitoring such as at least heart rate or breathing and a method for mitigating random body movement and external interference effects in vital signs monitoring such as at least heart rate or breathing by employing a radar system (10) that is configured for providing in-phase and quadrature signals from reflected and received radar waves are provided. The problem of random body movement effects and external interference affecting vital signs monitoring is at least mitigated by decomposing and filtering a reconstructed displacement signal x(t) using a time and frequency analysis technique such as Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), followed by a Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) operation. This decomposition allows the identification of time and frequency basis components containing the random body movement interference. Hence, the filtered signal can be reconstructed after removing the random body movement components, thus enabling reliable and robust vital-signs parameter estimation.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/024 - Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
• A61B 5/0507 - Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fieldsMeasuring using microwaves or radio waves using microwaves or terahertz waves
• A61B 5/113 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons

Abstract

An occupancy detection system for at least one vehicle seat includes: an antenna arrangement having an antenna; a control device that applies a radio-frequency transmission signal to, and receives a response signal from, the antenna arrangement; and a transmit array having a plurality of structured metallic layers disposed above each other and extending laterally, each two neighbouring metallic layers isolated from each other by an intermediate dielectric layer. The antenna arrangement transmits a radio-frequency transmission field through the transmit array onto the vehicle seat in response to the transmission signal and receives a radio-frequency response field through the transmit array to generate the response signal. The transmit array is adapted to refract at least one of the transmission field and the response field. The transmit array has a receive section that focuses a response field from a position of a vehicle seat to a position of a receive antenna.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
• G01S 13/56 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
• H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
• H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices

Abstract

i corresponding to a position of an occupant on a vehicle seat.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 7/35 - Details of non-pulse systems
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• B60N 2/26 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles for children
• G01S 13/04 - Systems determining presence of a target
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• G01S 7/41 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisationTarget signatureTarget cross-section
• G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications
• G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles

Abstract

An electric heating and capacitive sensing arrangement, comprising: an electrically conductive heating track arranged on a surface of a planar substrate, the electrically conductive track being connectable to a current source so that during a heating operation a current flows through the electrically conductive track and the electrically conductive track being connectable to a capacitive sensing circuit so that during a sensing operation a capacitive sensing signal is applied to the electrically conductive track. The electrically conductive track comprises at least a first and a second heating track section extending at a distance along each other on the substrate, whereby a gap is formed between the first and the second heating track section. The heating and sensing arrangement further comprises a layer of electrically conductive material arranged on the surface of the substrate in the gap between the first and the second heating track section.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/26 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
• H05B 3/34 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers

Abstract

A method of operating a capacitive sensing device that includes exactly two electrically conductive antenna electrodes, which are placeable in two layers at a vehicle steering wheel rim, and a current measurement circuit for determining complex electric currents in the antenna electrodes. The method includes at least the following steps for constituting a measurement cycle: operating each one of the exactly two antenna electrodes in loading mode and determine the complex impedance of the respective antenna electrode; and generating a classification signal that is indicative of a present scenario, based on a fulfillment of at least one predetermined condition concerning at least one characteristic quantity of the first complex impedance as well as of the second complex impedance.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels

Abstract

An impedance measurement circuit for determining a complex impedance of a capacitive sensor that is configured for employing at least one electric heater member (42) as an electrode to be operated in loading mode comprises: a signal generating unit (59) for providing an electric measurement signal; a signal sensing circuit (61) including current measuring means for sensing a current flowing through the at least one electric heater member (42) in response to the signal generating unit measurement signal; an electric heater member connection circuit (68) comprising a plurality of MOSFETs (40, 51, 52) for selectively electrically connecting the at least one electric heater member (42) either to the signal sensing circuit (61) for complex impedance measurement or to a DC electric power unit for heating purposes, and at least two DC bias units. At least a first and a second MOSFET (51, 52) are electrically connectable to one output port each (50, GND) of the DC electric power unit and in series with the at least one electric heater member (42), which is connectable between the first and the second MOSFETs (51, 52). At least a first protection MOSFET (40), is electrically connected in series to the first MOSFET (51) such that the intrinsic diode of the first protection MOSFET (40) is connected in reverse to the intrinsic diode of the first MOSFET (51), and is connectable in series to the at least one electric heater member (42). The at least two DC bias units are configured for providing a predefined DC voltage across the drain and source terminals of the at least first protection MOSFET (40). Further, the impedance measurement circuit includes a control and evaluation unit that is at least configured for controlling a switching status of the plurality of MOSFETs (40, 51, 52) according to a predefined sequence, and for determining a complex impedance from the determined currents with reference to a complex reference potential during predefined stages of the predefined sequence.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/62 - Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• B60N 2/56 - Heating or ventilating devices
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering

Abstract

An electric heating arrangement (100, 200, 300) comprising: a planar substrate (104); an electrically conductive heating track (316) arranged on a surface of said substrate (104), said electrically conductive heating track being connectable to a current source so that in operation a heating current flows through said electrically conductive heating track, wherein said electrically conductive heating track comprises at least a first heating track section (1021, 202', 302') and a second heating track section (102", 202", 302") extending at a distance along each other on said substrate (104), whereby a gap (106) is formed between said first heating track section (1021, 202', 302') and the second heating track section (102", 202", 302"); characterized in that the electric heating arrangement further comprises a layer of thermally conductive material (103, 203, 303) arranged on said surface of the substrate (104) in said gap (106) between the first heating track section and the second heating track section; wherein a width (Wl) of said layer of thermally conductive material (103, 203, 303) is smaller than a width (W2) of said gap (106) between said first heating track section and second heating track section; and wherein said layer of thermally conductive material (103, 203, 303) is arranged so as to be separated from said first heating track section and said second heating track section.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/26 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
• H05B 3/34 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers

Abstract

Battery pack comprising at least one battery cell, in particular a pouch cell, arranged within a housing, and a sensor arrangement arranged between the battery cell and an abutting surface adjacent to the battery cell; wherein the sensor arrangement has a first carrier foil and a second carrier foil; wherein, in an operating state, the first carrier foil and the second carrier foil are spaced apart from one another by a spacer positioned in between the first carrier foil and the second carrier foil; wherein the spacer has a first recess defining an active area of the sensor arrangement, wherein a contact arrangement is arranged within the active area, said contact arrangement comprising at least a first electrode arranged on the first carrier foil and a second electrode arranged on the second carrier foil oppositely of the first electrode; wherein, in the operating state, the first electrode is spaced apart a first distance from the second electrode, and wherein, in a deformation state, a deformation of the battery cell is detected by a variation of an electrical property of the contact arrangement; characterized in that the sensor arrangement further comprises an elastic inlay arranged on the second carrier foil, wherein the inlay comprises a second recess accommodating an activator unit for transmitting a pressure force acting from the battery cell or the abutting surface to the active area; and wherein the activator unit is arranged on the second carrier foil and spaced apart a second distance from the battery cell or the abutting surface, such that, after a transition from the operating state in the deformation state, said pressure force is transmitted via the activator unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• H01M 50/20 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries

Abstract

A vehicle occupant detection system and method for using the same. The vehicle occupant detection system includes: a controller; a plurality of life detection sensors, wherein the plurality of life detection sensors are installed within an interior cabin of a mass-transit vehicle and are each associated with a life detection zone; a local warning system having at least one human-machine interface (HMI) output device; and a vehicle interface that communicatively couples the controller to a vehicle electrical system of the mass-transit vehicle. The vehicle occupant detection system is configured to: (i) acquire sensor data by scanning the life detection zone using the plurality of life detection sensors; (ii) determine whether an occupant is present based on the sensor data; and (iii) provide an indication to a user that an occupant is present using the HMI output device when it is determined that an occupant is present.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 31/02 - Superstructures for passenger vehicles for carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus
• B60R 25/31 - Detection related to theft or to other events relevant to anti-theft systems of human presence inside or outside the vehicle
• B60R 25/102 - Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device a signal being sent to a remote location, e.g. a radio signal being transmitted to a police station, a security company or the owner
• B60R 25/34 - Detection related to theft or to other events relevant to anti-theft systems of conditions of vehicle components, e.g. of windows, door locks or gear selectors
• B60R 25/10 - Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles actuating a signalling device
• G01S 7/02 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group

Abstract

A detection device for detecting a thermal runaway condition in a rechargeable automotive traction battery that includes a closed traction battery housing for receiving at least a plurality of rechargeable electrochemical energy cells and being equipped with a safety relief valve. The detection device includes a force-sensing resistor. The force-sensing resistor has flexible substrates separated by a spacer member and defining a force-sensitive area, and a venting duct connecting a space between the two substrates and a vent outlet. At least the force-sensitive area of the force-sensing resistor is placeable inside the traction battery housing, and the vent outlet is fluidically connectable to a detection region of an interior space of the traction battery housing which is located in the vicinity of the safety relief valve.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/658 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• H01M 10/625 - Vehicles
• H01M 50/204 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
• H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains

Abstract

A method of producing an electric heating device, in particular for automotive application, includes steps of: cutting through a sheet of electrically highly conductive material of appropriate thickness for obtaining a predetermined line pattern having at least one electrically conductive line with electrically conductive bridge members interconnecting portions of the at least one electrically conductive line; depositing a layer of curable adhesive material onto a surface of a dielectric, planar, flexible carrier; placing the obtained line pattern onto the layer of adhesive material; curing the adhesive material below the line pattern with the exception of the adhesive material below the bridge members; cutting through each bridge member at all ends between portions of the at least one electrically conductive line interconnected by the respective bridge member; and removing the cut bridge members.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/34 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• H05B 1/02 - Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to heating apparatus

Abstract

A detection device for detecting a thermal runaway condition in a rechargeable automotive traction battery that includes a closed traction battery housing for receiving at least a plurality of rechargeable electrochemical energy cells. The detection device includes a force-sensing resistor. The force-sensing resistor has flexible substrates separated by a spacer member and a vent outlet. The vent outlet is fluidically connectable to an exterior space of the traction battery housing if the force-sensing resistor is located inside the traction battery housing. At least one of the flexible substrates is operatively connectable to an interior space of the traction battery housing if the force-sensing resistor is located outside the traction battery housing.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposesMonitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
• G01L 1/22 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluidsMeasuring force or stress, in general by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• H01M 50/204 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
• H01M 50/30 - Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases

Abstract

A capacitive measurement circuit for a capacitive sensing device having a plurality of antenna electrodes includes: a measurement signal voltage source, a remotely controllable switching unit, and a current measurement circuit. The switching unit includes a plurality of ports and switching members that are configured to provide connections between selected ports. The measurement signal voltage source and the current measurement circuit are operatively connected to a distinct port. Each antenna electrode is individually connectable to a distinct port. The switching unit is configured to connect, within a same measurement cycle, each of the antenna electrodes to the voltage output port and the current measurement circuit for loading mode operation. The switching unit is further configured to connect at least one of the antenna electrodes to the voltage output port and at least one other antenna electrode of the antenna electrodes to the current measurement circuit for coupling mode operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches

Abstract

A system for monitoring and analyzing human locomotion comprises a footwear item (1) including a sole structure (51), a plurality of sensors (2) arranged within the sole structure (51), an electronic unit (22) operatively connected to the sensors (2), wherein the sole structure (51) comprises a receiving compartment (4) for receiving and supporting the electronic unit (22), and an electronic communication interface for transferring raw or processed sensor data to an external electronic device (6). The plurality of sensors (2) comprises a proper subset of force-sensitive sensors (12-19) and at least one out of a proper subset of inertial measurement sensors and a proper subset of temperature-sensitive sensors (21). Each of the subsets comprises a at least one sensor if applicable.

IPC Classes  ?

• A43B 3/00 - Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
• A43B 7/00 - Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements

Abstract

A method of operating a capacitive sensing device (10) that includes at least one capacitive sensor having at least one sense electrode (12), a measurement signal source (14) for providing an alternating electric measurement signal with at least three fixed predefined signal frequencies to the at least one sense electrode (12), and an impedance measurement circuit (16) for determining an unknown complex impedance of the at least one sense electrode (12) from a response to the provided electric measurement signal. The method comprises steps, to be executed for each predefined signal frequency, of: determining (202) statistical quantities and signal parameters regarding a number of determined momentary values of an unknown complex impedance; eliminating (214) from the determined momentary values frequency portions up to a predefined hand touch movement lower limit frequency and from a predefined high-frequency limit down to a predefined hand touch movement upper limit frequency for obtaining remaining determined momentary values; excluding (206) statistical outliers from determined momentary values; and using an eliminated frequency portion for calculating (216) a momentary reference value for the unknown complex impedance. The method further comprises steps of determining a signal classification (400) based on conditions that include the momentary reference value for the unknown complex impedance; and generating (412) an output signal that is representative of a signal classification result.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering

Abstract

An electric heating member, in particular for automotive application, includes an electrically conductive, flat-shaped textile member of uniform thickness and a layer of flexible, polymeric plastic material that is adhesively bonded to a surface of the textile member. The electrically conductive textile member is formed by at least two electrically conductive textile member parts that are arranged side by side and are electrically separated. At least one of the at least two textile member parts is electrically connected to electric terminals that are connectable to an electric heater power supply unit. The electric heating member is particularly intended to be used for heating a vehicle steering wheel.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/34 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• B60H 1/22 - Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
• H05B 3/14 - Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
• G01D 5/24 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance

Abstract

A capacitance measurement circuit for determining complex electric currents in a multi-channel capacitive sensing device includes a first sensing circuit for selectively connecting one of a plurality of sense electrodes to a common sense node and for connecting a corresponding guard electrode of the sense electrode to a common guard node, and at least a second sensing circuit. A measurement signal voltage source provides an alternating measurement voltage to the common guard node in a remotely controllable manner. A diagnostic signal voltage source provides an alternating diagnostic voltage to the common guard node in a remotely controllable manner. A current measurement circuit is connected with a signal input port to the common sense node and with a reference input port to the output port of the measurement signal voltage source.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants
• G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof

Abstract

An impedance measurement circuit for determining a complex impedance (1, 2) of a capacitive sensor having at least one sense electrode operable in loading mode and at least one guard electrode comprises: a pulse generator unit for providing a periodic electric measurement signal and a periodic electric guard signal; a signal sensing circuit for sensing a sense current flowing through the at least one sense electrode or the sense electrodes in response to the pulse generator unit measurement signal; and a control and evaluation unit. The control and evaluation unit is configured for determining a complex impedance (1, 2) from the determined sense currents with reference to a complex reference potential.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/62 - Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector

Abstract

1)121431322); and applying (108) a cleaning process to remove the electrically conductive material (22) from at least the portion of the masking material (28) adjacent to each respective track (20).

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/34 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• H05K 3/14 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using spraying techniques to apply the conductive material

Abstract

b) depends on its confidence value (C).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
• G01S 7/4914 - Detector arrays, e.g. charge-transfer gates
• G01S 7/4915 - Time delay measurement, e.g. operational details for pixel componentsPhase measurement
• G01S 7/493 - Extracting wanted echo signals
• G01S 17/894 - 3D imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a 2D array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
• H04N 25/46 - Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled by combining or binning pixels

Abstract

A system and method for processing predictions in the presence of adversarial perturbations in a sensing system. The processor receives inputs from sensors and runs a neural network having a network function that generates, as outputs, predictions of the neural network. The method generates from a plurality of outputs a measurement quantity (m) that may be, at or near a given input, either (i) a first measurement quantity M1 corresponding to a gradient of the given output, (ii) a second measurement quantity M2 corresponding to a gradient of a predetermined objective function derived from a training process for the neural network, or (iii) a third measurement quantity M3 derived from a combination of M1, and M2. The method determines whether the measurement quantity (m) is equal to or greater than a threshold. If greater than the threshold, one or more remedial actions are performed to correct for a perturbation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 3/08 - Learning methods
• G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric

Abstract

A method of operation and a capacitive detection device (12) with electric heater member compensation. The capacitive detection device (12) comprises a capacitive sensor (14) having an electrically conductive sense electrode (16) and an electrically conductive auxiliary electrode (18) that are arrangeable in the vicinity of an electric heater member (40; 42) for mutual capacitive coupling. The capacitive detection device (12) further comprises a signal voltage source (24) providing an alternating measurement voltage, a complex impedance measurement circuit (26) for measuring complex sense currents and for determining a complex impedance based on the measured complex sense current, and for operatively and selectively electrically connecting the auxiliary electrode (18) either with the reference voltage (24) or with the guard signal. The method includes steps of providing (70) the measurement signal to the sense electrode (16) and electrically connect the auxiliary electrode (18) selectively either to the reference voltage (24) or to the guard voltage; determining capacitance values in the two different connection states of the auxiliary electrode (18); and calculating (90) a compensated capacitance value as a weighted sum of the two determined capacitance values, wherein the weighting factors are predefined constant values.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector

Abstract

An electric heating device, in particular for automotive application, includes at least one heating member and electric terminals that are provided as electric connections connectable to an electric power supply. The heating member includes at least one dielectric, planar, flexible carrier formed as a textile carrier or as a polymeric foam carrier and having an upper surface and an opposite lower surface arranged in parallel to the upper surface, wherein at least one out of the upper surface and the lower surface is equipped with an attached continuous layer of electrically conductive material, which extends over a major part of an area of the respective surface of the at least one flexible carrier. At least one electric terminal is arranged at and electrically connected to each end of the electrically conductive material layer of each heating member.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/36 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• H05B 3/12 - Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
• H05B 3/06 - Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or with holders

Abstract

An electric heating device, in particular for automotive application, includes a dielectric, planar, flexible carrier, at least one electrically resistive conductor line fixedly attached onto a surface of the flexible carrier and, at least for each end of the conductor line, an electrically conductive terminal line. The terminal lines abut and are electrically connected to a respective end of the conductor line, wherein the terminal lines have a width (wT) that is narrower than a width (wR) of the conductor line. At least one electrically conductive shunt member is attached to at least one out of at least a portion of at least one of the terminal lines and a portion of the at least one conductor line for at least partially electrically shunting the respective portion.

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/34 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
• H05B 3/06 - Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or with holders

Abstract

A dielectric lens device for shaping a radar beam includes a first and a second plano-convex cylindrical dielectric lens member and a plane-parallel dielectric substrate. The two plano-convex cylindrical dielectric lens members are arranged with their plane surfaces towards a same surface of the plane-parallel dielectric substrate. The plano-convex cylindrical dielectric lens members are interconnected to the plane-parallel dielectric substrate in a material fit.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 15/08 - Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
• H01Q 19/06 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
• G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
• H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles

Abstract

A system for capacitive object detection. In order to provide means for efficiently using the circuitry of an electrical heating device for capacitive object detection, the system includes: an elongate conductive element extending between a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is coupled to ground via a capacitive element and is connectable to an electrical power source, and the second terminal is connected to ground; and a detection circuit connected to at least one detection node disposed on the conductive element between the first and second terminal. The detection circuit is adapted to capacitively detect the presence of an object in the proximity of the conductive element based on an impedance associated with the object.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 5/24 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• B60N 2/56 - Heating or ventilating devices
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• H05B 3/06 - Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or with holders

Abstract

A control system for a vehicle includes: first electrode and second electrodes; at least one sensor electrode disposed on an vehicle component with a surface accessible to a user, the sensor electrode being adapted to generate an electric field above the surface so that a capacitance of the sensor electrode depends on a position of a body part of a user with respect to the vehicle component; and a control unit connected to the sensor electrode and adapted to: identify at least one gesture, corresponding to a motion of the body part with respect to the vehicle component, based on the capacitance of the sensor electrode; identify a control signal that corresponds to the gesture; and output the control signal. The sensor electrode has a first portion and a second portion wherein the capacitance depends on whether the body part is disposed adjacent the first portion or the second portion.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60K 37/06 - Arrangement of fittings on dashboard of controls, e.g. control knobs
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• G06F 3/044 - Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means

Abstract

A method of operating a capacitive sensing device for diagnosing a galvanic connection of at least one guard electrode. The capacitive sensing device includes at least one sense-guard capacitive sensor and a capacitive measurement circuit. The sense-guard capacitive sensor includes a first electrically conductive sense electrode and a first electrically conductive guard electrode and at least a second electrically conductive sense electrode, which is galvanically separated from the first sense electrode, and at least a second electrically conductive guard electrode. Each of the guard electrodes is proximally arranged to at least one of the sense electrodes and is galvanically separated from each of the sense electrodes. The method uses a calculated difference of imaginary parts of complex sense currents resulting from coupling mode measurements between at least two of the sense electrodes for assessing a status of the galvanic connection of the guard electrodes.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• G01D 5/241 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance by relative movement of capacitor electrodes
• B60R 16/027 - Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided forArrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems between relatively movable parts of the vehicle, e.g. between steering wheel and column
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B60Q 9/00 - Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups

Abstract

t is a pixel-independent second offset.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• G06T 7/521 - Depth or shape recovery from laser ranging, e.g. using interferometryDepth or shape recovery from the projection of structured light
• G06T 7/80 - Analysis of captured images to determine intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameters, i.e. camera calibration
• G01S 17/894 - 3D imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a 2D array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
• G01S 7/491 - Details of non-pulse systems

Abstract

A sensor arrangement for capacitive position detection of a hand on a steering wheel. The sensor arrangement includes: a plurality of capacitive sensors disposed along a detection surface, which is an outer surface of the steering wheel, each sensor having at least one sensor electrode; and a measurement device electrically connected to the sensors. In order to increase the reliability of capacitive hand detection on a steering wheel, the measurement device is adapted to perform a sequence of detection operations, and in each detection operation, to activate at least one sensor by applying a detection signal to its at least one sensor electrode in order to capacitively detect the hand while grounding at least one other sensor by connecting at least one of its sensor electrodes to ground, and to activate different sensors in consecutive detection operations.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• G01D 5/241 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance by relative movement of capacitor electrodes

Abstract

A system for hand detection on a steering wheel. The system includes: at least one light source adapted to emit an emitted signal of light so that the emitted signal is directed from inside the steering wheel to at least one detection area of a surface of the steering wheel, the detection area being at least partially transparent for the emitted signal; at least one light sensor adapted to detect a reflected signal, which is a part of the emitted signal that is reflected from the detection area into the inside of the steering wheel; and a detection unit coupled to the at least one light sensor and adapted to detect a hand of a user on the steering wheel based on a detection of the reflected signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• G01D 5/24 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
• G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
• G01S 17/06 - Systems determining position data of a target

Abstract

A method of detecting a hand positioning on a steering wheel (38) by operating a sensing system (10) including at least one electrically conducting signal line (12) that is arrangeable on a rim of the steering wheel (38) with a priori knowledge about a relation between a distance of any portion of the at least one signal line (12) from a reference point (30) and information on a position on the rim (40), and which comprises an electric impedance change (28) of predefined magnitude that is permanently arranged at a predefined position along the at least one signal line, a signal voltage source (26), and a control and evaluation unit (28). From a received measurement signal traveling along the signal line (12) and having been reflected by the at least one electric impedance change (28) and by another portion or other portions of the signal line (12), a reference travel time is determined. Based on the determined reference travel time and the a priori known relation, a position or positions on the rim (46) of the other portion or portions of the signal line (12) that has or have at least partially reflected the measurement signal is determined by the control and evaluation unit (28).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• G06F 3/00 - Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computerOutput arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements

Abstract

A sensing system (10) for hand or body part positioning detection on an object, particularly on a rim (40) of a steering wheel (38) comprises at least one electrically conducting signal line (12) that is arrangeable on a surface of the object with a priori knowledge about a relation between a distance of any portion of the at least one signal 5 line (12) from a reference point and information on a position on the object, a signal voltage source (26) for providing a time-dependent measurement signal to be traveling along the signal line (12), and a control and evaluation unit (28). From a received reflected measurement signal, the control and evaluation unit (28) determines (54) a position or positions on the object of a portion or portions of the signal line (12) at least 10 partially reflecting the measurement signal. Based on the determined position or positions, a hand or body part positioning on the object is determined (56, 62, 64) by the control and evaluation unit (28).

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• G06F 3/00 - Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computerOutput arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering

Abstract

A method of recognizing a hand gesture established by a sequence of hand touch positionings on an object, particularly on a steering wheel (38) by operating a sensing system (10) comprising at least one electrically conducting signal line (12), which is arranged to extend along a part of a surface of the object with a priori knowledge about a relation between a distance of any portion of the at least one signal line (12) from a reference point (44) and information on a position on the object, a signal voltage source (26) that is operatively connectable to each signal line (12), and a control and evaluation unit (28) that is operatively connectable to each signal line (12). The method comprises at least steps of: providing (50) to a signal line (12) a time-dependent measurement signal; receiving (52) the measurement signal after being at least partially reflected by at least one portion of the signal line (12); determining (54) positions on the object of the portions of the signal line (12) that have reflected the measurement signal; comparing an obtained plurality of stored successively determined positions on the object with at least one predefined pattern of successive positions to derive (60) a measure of similarity; and providing (64) an output signal that is indicative of the predefined pattern of successive positions if the derived measure of similarity is lower than a predefined threshold value (Thr).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60K 37/06 - Arrangement of fittings on dashboard of controls, e.g. control knobs
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B62D 1/00 - Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
• G06F 3/00 - Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computerOutput arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements

Abstract

A method of operating a capacitive measurement system for compensation of temperature influence is described. The capacitive measurement system includes at least one capacitive sensor member in an installed state and a capacitive measurement circuit for determining a complex impedance of an unknown capacitance from a complex sense current through the at least one capacitive sensor member. In the method, a calibration measurement is carried out to obtain temperature characteristics of both the real part and the imaginary part of determined impedances. In following impedance measurements of the unknown capacitance at a current temperature, the real part and the imaginary part of the measured impedance is determined, and based on the real part determined at the current temperature and the determined temperature characteristics of both the real part and the imaginary part, the imaginary part of the impedance determined at the current temperature is corrected.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 18/00 - Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups
• G01N 27/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance

Abstract

A patch antenna array system for monitoring vital signs of people in a closed environment, the patch antenna array system including three patches, the farfield pattern of which is shaped in the E-plane by series-feeding and in the H-plane by parallel-feeding to attain a heart-shaped pattern compensating free-space losses due to larger distances.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
• H01Q 3/28 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elementsArrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
• H01Q 9/04 - Resonant antennas
• H01Q 1/00 - Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
• H01Q 3/02 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
• G01S 7/02 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
• G01S 7/03 - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
• G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications

Abstract

A radar sensor system and a method for detecting an occupancy in an interior of a vehicle and with vital sign monitoring. The radar sensor system includes a radar transmitting unit, a radar receiving unit and a signal processing and control unit. The method includes: transmitting a radar wave towards a scene within the vehicle interior, receiving at least one radar wave that has been generated by reflection of the transmitted radar wave, decomposing the received radar wave into range, Doppler and angular information, quantifying and tracking a movement in each region of interest by angular gating and range gating, detecting and monitoring vital signs of occupants in each region of interest, and determining whether quantified and tracked movements in the scene are related to an occupant or to external or internal disturbances, based on a fulfillment of at least one predefined condition concerning the and/or the detected vital signs.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60W 40/08 - Estimation or calculation of driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit related to drivers or passengers
• G01S 7/288 - Coherent receivers
• G01S 7/292 - Extracting wanted echo-signals
• G01S 7/41 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisationTarget signatureTarget cross-section
• G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems

Abstract

A method of operating a radar sensor system (100) that is configured to determine range and velocity information from radar waves reflected by a scene in an interior (116) of a vehicle (114) for vital sign detection comprises steps to decompose reflected and received signals into range and velocity information, to measure the movement over time in specified range gates and to evaluate the similarities between them. Based on the characteristics of similar behaving range bins, it can be decided whether any detected movement is related to an internal or external disturbance or by vital signs.

IPC Classes  ?

• G08B 21/06 - Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons indicating a condition of sleep, e.g. anti-dozing alarms
• G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systemsSense-of-movement determination systems
• G01S 7/41 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisationTarget signatureTarget cross-section
• G01S 13/50 - Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
• G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications

Abstract

The invention relates to a sensor arrangement (1) for capacitive detection of an object (100), comprising: - an electrode arrangement (20) comprising a heating element (4) as an electrode (21, 22); - a detection device (10) that is adapted to apply a detection signal to a sensor electrode (21) of the electrode arrangement (20) and to capacitively detect the presence of an object (100) in the proximity of the sensor electrode (21); - a high-side switch (30) that is connected between a heating power source (2) having a first potential (V1) and the heating element (4); - a low-side switch (40) that is connected between the heating element (4) and a second potential (GND); and - a gate controller (50) that is adapted to close the high-side switch (30) and the low-side switch (40) in a heating mode and to open the high-side switch (30) and the low-side switch (40) in a detection mode. In order to increase the accuracy of a capacitive detection that utilises a heater element as an electrode, the invention provides that the sensor arrangement further comprises a decoupling circuit (60) comprising a decoupling MOSFET (70) connected between the high-side switch (30) and the heating element (4), wherein the gate controller (50) is adapted to close the decoupling MOSFET (70) in the heating mode and to open the decoupling MOSFET (70) in the detection mode, and the decoupling circuit (60) is adapted to actively provide a third potential (V2) at a first node (61) during detection mode, which first node (61) is connected between the high-side switch (30) and the decoupling MOSFET (70).

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector

Abstract

The invention relates to an occupancy detection system (1) for at least one vehicle seat (50, 51). In order to provide efficient means for accurate radar-based occupancy detection in a vehicle, the invention provides that the system (1) comprises: - an antenna arrangement (2), comprising at least one antenna (T1, R1, R2); - a control device (20) adapted to apply a radio-frequency transmission signal to the antenna arrangement (2) and to receive a response signal from antenna arrangement (2); and - a transmit array (3) comprising a plurality of structured metallic layers (4, 5, 6) disposed above each other and extending laterally, each two neighbouring metallic layers (4, 5, 6) isolated from each other by an intermediate dielectric layer (10), wherein the antenna arrangement (2) is adapted to transmit a radio-frequency transmission field (40) through the transmit array (3) onto the at least one vehicle seat (50, 51) in response to the transmission signal and to receive a radio-frequency response field (41, 42) through the transmit array to generate the response signal, and the transmit array (3) is adapted to refract at least one of the transmission field (40) and the response field (41, 42). The transmit array (3) comprises at least one receive section (3.2) adapted to focus a response field (41, 42) from a position of a vehicle seat (50, 51) to a position of a receive antenna (R1, R2).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• G01S 13/56 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
• H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
• H01Q 15/10 - Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism comprising three-dimensional array of impedance discontinuities, e.g. holes in conductive surfaces or conductive discs forming artificial dielectric

Abstract

MMNNN1N2 θii i corresponding to a position of an occupant (20) on a vehicle seat (31-33).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications

Abstract

A method of operating a radar sensor system for determining a number of passengers in a vehicle passenger compartment. The radar sensor system includes at least one radar transmitting antenna and at least one radar receiving antenna and an evaluation and control unit for evaluating Doppler information from the received radar waves. The method includes: transmitting radar waves towards the vehicle passenger compartment; receiving radar waves reflected by a passenger or by passengers being present in the vehicle passenger compartment; generating received radar signals from the received radar waves; mathematically decomposing the received radar signals into a plurality of received signal components; providing values of the received signal components regarding a characteristic parameter to a classifier trained with a plurality of scenarios; identifying one of trained scenarios, based on the provided values; and generating an output signal indicative of the identified scenario.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• G01S 7/35 - Details of non-pulse systems
• G01S 13/56 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection

Abstract

A multi-electrode capacitive sensor is introduced to measure a spatial distribution of impedances to ground. The sensor can be used to identify the location of the highest impedance on the seating surface and can be a two-electrode sensor with a first electrode covering a central zone of a seat cushion and a second electrode with two galvanically connected electrode members, wherein each electrode member covers one side region of the seat cushion such that the first antenna electrode is arranged between the two electrode members of the second antenna electrode, or a two-electrode sensor with a left and right design. By measuring the difference of the impedance to ground between the two zones the system can get a simplified picture of the impedance distribution on the seating surface. This information can be used to distinguish between grounded structures such as (ISOFIX) child restraint systems and human occupants.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants
• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• G01V 3/38 - Processing data, e.g. for analysis, for interpretation or for correction
• G01N 27/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• G01R 17/16 - AC or DC measuring bridges with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices in one or more arms of the bridge, e.g. voltmeter using a difference amplifier

Abstract

A radar wave imaging device includes a radar transmitter unit having at least one radar transmit antenna for transmitting radar waves towards a scene and a radar receiving unit including a plurality of radar receiver members that are arranged as a two-dimensional array, for receiving reflected radar waves. The radar receiving unit includes an imaging radar optics unit for imaging at least a portion of a scene onto at least a portion of the two-dimensional array of radar receiver members. The imaging radar optics unit includes at least a first radar lens that is arranged between the radar receiver members and the scene. The radar receiver members are arranged in direct contact to a surface of the first radar lens that is facing away from the scene.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 7/03 - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
• G01S 13/89 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
• G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
• G01S 13/32 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
• G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
• H01Q 9/04 - Resonant antennas
• H01Q 19/09 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens wherein the primary active element is coated with or embedded in a dielectric or magnetic material
• H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
• H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Abstract

A load profile-sensitive sensor (10) for seat occupancy detection and/or classification comprises a plurality of force-sensing resistors (30-42) that are arrangeable at predetermined locations of a seat (54), a plurality of electric resistors (12-18) electrically connected in series, and electric lines (24, 26) with terminal ends that are connected to ends of the plurality of electric resistors (12-18). Each force-sensing resistor (30-42) is electrically connected in parallel to at least one electric resistor (12- 18) either individually or in a series connection with at least another force-sensing resistor (30-42). An electric resistance of the force-sensing resistors (30-42) is larger in a non-conducting state by at least a predetermined factor and is smaller in a conducting state by at least a predetermined factor than an electric resistance of the at least one electric resistor (12-18) to which it is connected in parallel. An electric resistance of each electric line that interconnects two of the electric resistors (12-18), of each electric line that connects one of the force-sensing resistors (30-42) in parallel to the at least one electric resistor (12-18), and the electric lines (24, 26) connected to ends of the plurality of electric resistors (12-18) is smaller by at least a predetermined factor than an electrical resistance of any electric resistor (12-18) of the plurality of electric resistors (12-18).

IPC Classes  ?

• B60N 2/00 - Seats specially adapted for vehiclesArrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
• G01L 1/00 - Measuring force or stress, in general

Abstract

A method for obstacle identification for a vehicle. In order to provide means for reliable obstacle identification for a vehicle, the method includes: performing a first obstacle search with a radar sensor using a radio frequency signal; performing a second obstacle search with a night vision camera; and identifying an obstacle if a first detection of the first obstacle search corresponds to a second detection of the second obstacle search, wherein a reliability of the first detection is assessed and if the reliability is above a first threshold, the obstacle is identified independently of the second obstacle search.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 20/58 - Recognition of moving objects or obstacles, e.g. vehicles or pedestriansRecognition of traffic objects, e.g. traffic signs, traffic lights or roads
• G06T 7/70 - Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
• G01S 13/86 - Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
• G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles

Abstract

A method of producing an electric heating device (10), in particular for automotive application, includes steps of - cutting (42) through a sheet (14) of electrically highly conductive material of appropriate thickness for obtaining a predetermined line pattern (16) comprising at least one electrically conductive line (18, 20, 22) with electrically conductive bridge members (24, 26) interconnecting portions of the at least one electrically conductive line (18, 20, 22), - depositing (46) a layer of curable adhesive material (28) onto a surface of a dielectric, planar, flexible carrier (12), - placing (48) the obtained line pattern (16) onto the layer of adhesive material (28), - curing (50) the adhesive material (28) below the line pattern (16) with the exception of the adhesive material (28) below the bridge members (24, 26), - cutting (52) through each bridge member (24, 26) at all ends between portions of the at least one electrically conductive line (18, 20, 22) interconnected by the respective bridge member (24, 26), and - removing (54) the cut bridge members (24, 26).

IPC Classes  ?

• H05B 3/34 - Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs

Abstract

A sensor arrangement for capacitive position detection of an object. In order to provide means for hand detection on a steering wheel which are reliable and have a low complexity, the sensor arrangement includes: a sensor line with a plurality of sensor electrodes connected in series, wherein at least one resistive element is effectively connected in series between each two consecutive sensor electrodes, a measurement device connected via a linear, unbranched first connection to a first terminal of the sensor line, wherein the measurement device is configured to apply a time-dependent first signal to the first terminal and to identify an activated sensor electrode, with an object in its proximity, at least partially based on a first voltage-current relation at the first terminal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 5/24 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches

Abstract

A flexible electric heating device includes a planar flexible carrier foil, at least two electrically conductive bus lines attached to a surface of the carrier foil, and at least one electric heating member, including first and second electrically conductive electrodes, electrically connected to one of the bus lines. Each electrode has at least one curved edge, wherein the curved edges are located at a distance and are facing each other. The heating member further includes a resistive heater layer, at least partially overlapping the curved edges of the electrodes to form a resistive connecting region. The curved edges are arranged such that locations of the resistive connecting region are facing the first electrode or the second electrode in directions parallel to at least three mutually orthogonal directions that lie in the carrier foil, wherein one of the orthogonal directions is aligned parallel to an edge of the carrier foil.

IPC Classes  ?

• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers

Abstract

t), and a subwavelength dielectric resonator.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 31/0232 - Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
• H01L 27/144 - Devices controlled by radiation
• H01L 31/0352 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
• H01L 31/105 - Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier or surface barrier the potential barrier being of the PIN type
• H01L 31/028 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System

Abstract

A method of operating a capacitive sensing device (10) that includes exactly two electrically conductive antenna electrodes (12, 14), which are placeable in two layers at a vehicle steering wheel rim (56), and a current measurement circuit (40) for determining complex electric currents in the antenna electrodes (12, 14). The method comprising at least the following steps for constituting a measurement cycle: operating each one of the exactly two antenna electrodes (12, 14) in loading mode and determine the complex impedance of the respective antenna electrode (12, 14); and generate (96) a classification signal that is indicative of a present scenario, based on a fulfillment of at least one predetermined condition concerning at least one characteristic quantity of the first complex impedance as well as of the second complex impedance.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels

Abstract

A capacitance measurement circuit for determining a complex electric current of at least one capacitive sense-guard sensor. The circuit includes an alternating signal voltage source, wherein each guard electrode is electrically connectable to the signal voltage source, a current measurement circuit having at least one measurement channel to determine a measurement current through a sense electrode, and at least one diagnostics channel to determine, with reference to an AC ground potential, a diagnostic current flowing through a guard electrode and a sense electrode of a capacitive sensor, and a remotely controllable switching unit, which in a measurement switching state is configured to electrically connect the sense electrode of the capacitive sensor to the measurement channel, and in a diagnostic switching state is configured to electrically connect the sense electrode to the diagnostics channel.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• G01D 5/24 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance

Abstract

A detection device (32) for detecting a thermal runaway condition in a rechargeable automotive traction battery, comprising a closed traction battery housing (10) for receiving at least a plurality of rechargeable electrochemical energy cells and being equipped with a safety relief valve (22). The detection device (32) includes a force sensing resistor (34). The force-sensing resistor (34) comprises flexible substrates (38) separated by a spacer member (40) and defining a force-sensitive area (36), and a venting duct (42) connecting a space between the two substrates (38) and a vent outlet (44). At least the force-sensitive area (36) of the force-sensing resistor (34) is placeable inside the traction battery housing (10), and the vent outlet (44) is fluidically connectable to a detection region (24) of an interior space (18) of the traction battery housing (10) which is located in the vicinity of the safety relief valve (22).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 2/10 - Mountings; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
• H01M 2/12 - Vent plugs or other mechanical arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte

Abstract

A detection device (100; 200; 300) for detecting a thermal runaway condition in a rechargeable automotive traction battery comprising a closed traction battery housing (10; 40) for receiving at least a plurality of rechargeable electrochemical energy cells includes a force-sensing resistor (22). The force-sensing resistor (22) comprises flexible substrates (24) separated by a spacer member (26) and a vent outlet (28). The vent outlet (28) is fluidically connectable to an exterior space (20) of the traction battery housing (10; 40) if the force-sensing resistor (22) is located inside the traction battery housing (10; 40). At least one of the flexible substrates (24) is operatively connectable to an interior space (18) of the traction battery housing (10; 40) if the force-sensing resistor (22) is located outside the traction battery housing (10; 40).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01L 1/20 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluidsMeasuring force or stress, in general by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
• G01L 1/22 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluidsMeasuring force or stress, in general by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
• H01M 2/10 - Mountings; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
• H01M 2/12 - Vent plugs or other mechanical arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte

Abstract

A tunable dielectric metamaterial device for radar sensing comprises at least one metamaterial layer a plurality of electrically conductive electrodes and a plurality of electrically conductive control lines. The metamaterial layer includes a plurality of dielectric resonators comprising tunable material, wherein at least one electromagnetic property of the tunable material varies with an externally controllable electric field applied to it. Two distinct electrically conductive electrodes each are arranged in a spaced manner at any one of the dielectric resonators to cover the dielectric resonator. The electrically conductive control lines are configured for controlling the electric field to be applied to the tunable material, wherein each electrically conductive line is electrically connected to an electrically conductive electrode. For at least two dielectric resonators, the electrically conductive electrodes that are arranged in the same layer to cover the at least two dielectric resonators are distinct from each other.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
• G01S 7/03 - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
• H01Q 3/46 - Active lenses or reflecting arrays
• G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
• G01S 7/02 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group

Abstract

k). First range-Doppler information and second range-Doppler information are decoded. Deviations of the second range-Doppler information from the first range-Doppler information are compared to at least one predetermined deviation value. Based on the results of the comparing, a potential interference condition is identified.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 7/02 - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
• G01S 7/35 - Details of non-pulse systems
• G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles

Abstract

A system for grounding and diagnostics, including a conductive frame for mounting a capacitive sensor. In order to provide a means for ensuring and monitoring a grounded condition of a conductive frame, the system further includes a diagnostics circuit, by which the frame is AC grounded and which has an electric source connected to the frame via a first line and adapted to apply a diagnose signal to the frame via the first line, the diagnostics circuit being connected to the frame by a second line and being adapted to provide at least one quantity that depends on the diagnose signal and on a ground connection of the frame.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 5/24 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
• G01R 27/02 - Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
• G01R 31/52 - Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• G01R 31/54 - Testing for continuity

Abstract

A system for hand detection on a steering wheel includes a signal line extending from a first point to a second point and being disposed along at least a portion of a surface of the steering wheel; and a detection unit coupled to the first point. The detection unit is configured to send a time-dependent detection signal over the signal line, receive a reflected signal from the signal line and detect the presence of a hand on the surface based on the reflected signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/00 - Arrangements for testing electric propertiesArrangements for locating electric faultsArrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B60R 16/037 - Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided forArrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric for occupant comfort
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches

Abstract

A self-standing sandwich structure includes at least one capacitive sensor member and/or at least one heater member for automotive vehicle application. The self-standing sandwich structure includes an upper protective layer that is attached, for manufacturing and storage purposes, to a carrier film member of sufficiently low surface energy for enabling separating the carrier film member and the upper protective layer in a non-destructive manner, a lower protective layer, a bottom adhesive layer that is attached to the lower protective layer, and at least an upper electrically conductive layer arranged between the upper protective layer and the lower protective layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants
• B62D 1/06 - Rims, e.g. with heating meansRim covers
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches
• H05B 1/02 - Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to heating apparatus

Abstract

A method of operating a modulated continuous-wave radar system at least includes steps of transmitting, with a modulation frequency, a plurality of n modulated continuous radar waves that represent mutually orthogonal codes towards a scene with a potential object to be detected, wherein the transmitted modulated continuous radar waves of the plurality of modulated continuous radar waves are consecutively transmitted with a constant time lag given by one nth of a period of the modulation frequency; digitally converting a plurality of reflected and received radar signals with a sampling rate that is equal to the modulation frequency; decoding individual range information for each received radar signal; and determining a range between the radar system and the object on the basis of the decoded individual range information.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/32 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
• G01S 7/35 - Details of non-pulse systems

Abstract

A capacitive sensor system that includes: a sensor arrangement with a plurality of capacitive electrodes, each being connected to a corresponding detector line; and a detector device connected to each detector line and configured to detect the capacitance of each electrode by applying a detector signal. The sensor arrangement includes: at least one electrode group having at least two electrodes, each electrode of an electrode group being connected to another electrode via a resistive element so that all electrodes of this electrode group are connected in series; and a diagnose device that is connected, for each electrode group, at least to a first detector line of a first electrode and to a second detector line of a second detector electrode and is configured to apply a diagnose signal via the first and second detector lines and to detect a conductor break based on a response to the diagnose signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants
• G01D 5/24 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance
• G06F 3/044 - Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means

Abstract

A capacitance measurement circuit (12) for determining complex electric currents in a multi-channel capacitive sensing device (10) comprises a first sensing circuit (18) for selectively connecting one of a plurality of sense electrodes to a common sense node (14) and for connecting a corresponding guard electrode of the sense electrode to a common guard node (16), and at least a second sensing circuit (26). A measurement signal voltage source (42) provides an alternating measurement voltage to the common guard node (16) in a remotely controllable manner. A diagnostic signal voltage source (46) provides an alternating diagnostic voltage to the common guard node (16) in a remotely controllable manner. A current measurement circuit (52) is connected with a signal input port (56) to the common sense node (14) and with a reference input port (58) to the output port (44) of the measurement signal voltage source (42).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/28 - Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
• G01R 35/00 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
• G01R 27/26 - Measuring inductance or capacitanceMeasuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance methodMeasuring loss factorMeasuring dielectric constants

Abstract

A capacitive measurement circuit (34) for determining complex electric currents in a capacitive sensing device (10) that includes a plurality of electrically conductive antenna electrodes (12, 14, 16) comprises a measurement signal voltage source (36), a remotely controllable switching unit (42) and a current measurement circuit (40). The remotely controllable switching unit (42) includes a plurality of ports (44-52) and a plurality of switching members that are configured to operatively and selectively provide electrical connections between selected ports (44-52). The measurement signal voltage source (36) and the current measurement circuit (40) are operatively connected to a distinct port (44, 46) of the ports (44-52). Each antenna electrode (12, 14, 16) is individually connectable to a distinct port (48, 50, 52) of the switching unit (42). The switching unit (42) is configured, by being controlled, to selectively connect, within a same measurement cycle, each of the antenna electrodes (12), one at a time, or at least two of the antenna electrodes (12, 14) at the same time, to the voltage output port (38) and the current measurement circuit (40) for loading mode operation. The switching unit (42) is further configured, by being controlled, to selectively connect, within the same measurement cycle and at another point in time, at least one (12) of the antenna electrodes (12, 14, 16) to the voltage output port (38) and at least one other antenna electrode (14) of the antenna electrodes (12, 14, 16) to the current measurement circuit (40) for coupling mode operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 21/015 - Electrical circuits for triggering safety arrangements in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, e.g. for disabling triggering
• B62D 1/04 - Hand wheels
• H03K 17/955 - Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
• H03K 17/96 - Touch switches