Provided is a light guide plate for an image display device which uses lead-free glass, has excellent color reproducibility and a light weight, and may obtain a wide viewing angle. A light guide plate for an image display device, which guides image light inputted from an image display element and outputs the image light toward a user's pupil, is configured to be made of lead-free glass having a refractive index of 1.8 or more with respect to a wavelength of the image light, and to have internal transmittance of 0.6 or more with respect to a wavelength of 400 nm when a plate thickness is 10 mm.
The light illumination module includes a substrate, a plurality of wiring patterns formed in parallel on the substrate, and a plurality of LED devices disposed on the wiring patterns. Each wiring pattern has a stripe-shaped portion extending in a first direction, a first protrusion portion protruding in a second direction, and a second protrusion portion protruding in an opposite direction. The first and second protrusion portions are formed in an alternating manner along the first direction, and the LED devices are disposed on the first protrusion portion and the stripe-shaped portion at a location corresponding to the second protrusion portion. A first electrode of each LED device is electrically connected to the first protrusion portion or the stripe-shaped portion immediately below, and a second electrode of each LED device is electrically connected to the stripe-shaped portion or the second protrusion portion of an adjacent wiring pattern with a wire.
Provided is a small-sized light emitting apparatus having a configuration capable of uniformly cooling multiple LEDs. A light emitting apparatus, which emits linear light, includes: a light source unit which has multiple light sources that are disposed on a surface of a substrate in parallel in a first direction; a heat dissipation unit which has multiple heat radiation fins formed in the first direction, and is thermally coupled to a rear side of the substrate; a partition plate which forms a first air channel surrounding the multiple heat radiation fins; a housing which forms a second air channel between the housing and the partition plate; and a cooling fan which receives air from the outside, guides the air to the second air channel, and forms an airflow in the first direction.
F21V 29/83 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks the elements having apertures, ducts or channels, e.g. heat radiation holes
H01L 33/48 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
F21V 29/505 - Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components of reflectors
F21V 29/76 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section
Provided is a light guide plate for an image display device which uses lead-free glass, has excellent color reproducibility and a light weight, and may obtain a wide viewing angle. A light guide plate for an image display device, which guides image light inputted from an image display element and outputs the image light toward a user's pupil, is configured to be made of lead-free glass having a refractive index of 1.8 or more with respect to a wavelength of the image light, and to have internal transmittance of 0.6 or more with respect to a wavelength of 400 nm when a plate thickness is 10 mm.
G02B 6/12 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
A light emitting apparatus includes a light source, a thin plate-shaped mirror unit which guides light from the light source, and a tension imparting means which imparts tension to the mirror unit. The tension imparting means may have at least any one of a first tension imparting mechanism which imparts tension in a first direction toward the light source along a surface of the mirror unit and a second tension imparting mechanism which imparts tension in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and further, the tension imparting mechanism may have at least any one of a third tension imparting mechanism which imparts tension in a third direction in parallel with the light source along the surface of the mirror unit and a fourth tension imparting mechanism which imparts tension in a fourth direction opposite to the third direction.
F21V 21/00 - Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devicesHand grips
F21V 7/16 - Construction with provision for adjusting the curvature
F21V 29/70 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
B01J 19/12 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
F21V 17/02 - Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages with provision for adjustment
F21V 29/505 - Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components of reflectors
6.
COMPOSITE OPTICAL ELEMENT AND OPTICAL SCANNING SYSTEM HAVING SAME
A composite optical element having a resin layer on the surface of glass serving as a base, wherein the resin layer has a first region corresponding to an effective diameter range, and a second region located on the outside of the first region, the surface of the first region includes an aspherically shaped concave surface in at least a portion thereof, and the surface of the second region is continuous with the surface of the first region and includes an inflection point.
Provided is a light emitting diode (LED) substrate. The LED substrate includes a substrate of a rectangular shape having sides in a first direction and a second direction, a plurality of LED devices placed on a surface of the substrate, and a plurality of conducting member which electrically connects the plurality of LED devices on the surface of the substrate and forms 2n circuits independent from each other in the first direction. Each circuit has a first electrode part and a second electrode part. The first electrode part receives input of an electric current from the outside, the second electrode part outputs an electric current to the outside, and the first electrode part and the second electrode part face each other in the second direction, and are alternately placed in the first direction to be point-symmetrical with respect to a center of the substrate as a symmetry point.
F21V 29/76 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section
H01L 33/62 - Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body, e.g. leadframe, wire-bond or solder balls
F21V 19/00 - Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
F21V 17/10 - Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening
F21V 23/06 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being coupling devices
H01L 25/075 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group
F21Y 103/10 - Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
Provided is a heat radiating apparatus. The heat radiating apparatus includes a support member in close contact with the heat source, a heat pipe thermally joined with the support member, and a plurality of heat radiating fins placed in a space that faces a second principal surface. The heat pipe includes a first line part thermally joined with the support member, a second line part thermally joined with the heat radiating fins, and a connecting part which connects the first line part to the second line part. A length of the heat pipe is slightly shorter than or equal to the support member. The connecting part has a curved part thermally joined with the support member. When a plurality of heat radiating apparatuses are arranged in the direction in which the first line part extends, the heat radiating apparatuses can be connected such that the first principal surfaces are successive.
F21V 29/503 - Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components of light sources
F21V 29/502 - Cooling arrangements characterised by the adaptation for cooling of specific components
F28D 15/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes
F26B 3/28 - Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
F26B 3/26 - Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source and the materials or objects to be dried being in relative motion, e.g. of vibration the movement being performed by gravity
F21V 29/51 - Cooling arrangements using condensation or evaporation of a fluid, e.g. heat pipes
F21V 29/67 - Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans
F21V 29/71 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks using a combination of separate elements interconnected by heat-conducting means, e.g. with heat pipes or thermally conductive bars between separate heat-sink elements
F21V 29/76 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section
F28F 1/32 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
F28F 9/013 - Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
F21Y 105/16 - Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the overall shape of the two-dimensional array square or rectangular, e.g. for light panels
Provided is a heat radiating apparatus for radiating heat of a heat source in air. The heat radiating apparatus includes a support member in close contact with the heat source on a first principal surface side, a heat pipe supported by the support member, and a plurality of heat radiating fins in a space that faces a second principal surface to radiate the heat transferred by the heat pipe. The heat pipe has a first line part thermally joined with the support member, a second line part thermally joined with the heat radiating fins, and a connecting part. A plurality of heat radiating apparatuses can be connected such that the first principal surfaces are successive, and each of the plurality of heat radiating apparatuses has a receiving part for receiving the connecting parts of adjacent heat radiating apparatuses in the space that faces the second principal surface.
B05D 3/06 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
F28F 3/02 - Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
F21V 29/71 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks using a combination of separate elements interconnected by heat-conducting means, e.g. with heat pipes or thermally conductive bars between separate heat-sink elements
F28D 15/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat-pipes
H01L 23/427 - Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes
H01L 25/075 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group
Provided is a light illuminating apparatus for irradiating light of a line shape extending in a first direction and having a line width in a second direction. The light illuminating apparatus includes light emitting units, each including a substrate, light sources arranged at an interval along the first direction on the substrate and placed such that a direction of an optical axis is matched to a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface, and optical devices placed on optical paths of each light source to shape light from each light source into light with a predetermined divergence angle, wherein the light emitting units are arranged on an arc having its center at the irradiation position when viewed in the first direction, and an irradiation width in the second direction of light from the light emitting units is approximately equal within a preset range in a direction perpendicular to the irradiation surface.
B41J 2/45 - Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material using arrays of radiation sources using light-emitting diode arrays
The light irradiating device which irradiates linear light includes: a substrate which is parallel to first and second directions; a plurality of LED light sources which emits light in a third direction intersecting a surface of the substrate; a heat transporting unit which extends in a direction opposite to the third direction from the substrate; a cooling unit which has a heat radiating pin radiating the heat of the heat transporting unit into the air, an LED driver circuit which drives the LED light source; a housing which has an opening sucking and exhausting external air on one surface of the second direction, accommodates the cooling unit and the LED driver circuit, and forms a wind tunnel in an area where the cooling unit and the LED driver circuit are disposed; and a fan which is provided at a side opposite to the third direction of the cooling unit.
F21V 23/00 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
B41M 7/00 - After-treatment of printed works, e.g. heating, irradiating
F21V 29/80 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with pins or wires
F21V 29/67 - Cooling arrangements characterised by the use of a forced flow of gas, e.g. air characterised by the arrangement of fans
F21V 29/51 - Cooling arrangements using condensation or evaporation of a fluid, e.g. heat pipes
F21V 29/83 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks the elements having apertures, ducts or channels, e.g. heat radiation holes
Provided is a light illuminating apparatus irradiates a target object relatively moveable along a first direction with light. The apparatus includes a light source having a plurality of solid-state devices which irradiates the target object with the light in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; a first reflecting part having at least one first reflecting surface placed at a downstream side in the second direction below the target object when viewed from the first direction, wherein the first reflecting part reflects a portion of the light from the light source incident on the first reflecting surface onto the target object; and a second reflecting part having a pair of second reflecting surfaces standing erect from the light source toward the first reflecting surface, wherein the second reflecting part guides the light from the light source into the first reflecting surface.
Provided is a switching power supply device having a very small switching loss, which includes a rectifier circuit for rectifying a commercial AC voltage, a full-bridge circuit having first to fourth switching element, a transformer having a single primary coil and an N number of secondary coils, an N number of rectifying and smoothing circuits, an output detecting circuit for detecting at least one of voltage and current output from each rectifying and smoothing circuit, and a control circuit. Each rectifying and smoothing circuit includes a rectifying unit, a secondary switching element for controlling an output of the rectified voltage, and a smoothing unit for smoothing the rectified voltage, and the control circuit turns on each secondary switching element during a predetermined time.
H05B 41/288 - Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
14.
Curable resin composition, optical element and optical semiconductor device
Disclosed is a curable resin composition that has significantly high transparency in the UV region, UV resistance and heat resistance, does not cause cracking, peeling or coloration even when used for sealing a UV LED to which high power is applied, and inhibits shrinking during curing. The curable resin composition includes 20-85 wt % of an alkoxy oligomer having a specific structure and present as liquid at room temperature and 15-80 wt % of a silicone resin present as solid at room temperature. The curable resin composition preferably includes 0.1-20 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, as a catalyst, based on 100 parts by weight of the combined weight of the alkoxy oligomer and the silicone resin.
A thin-type light illuminating apparatus with a heat radiation member having high heat radiation efficiency. The light illuminating apparatus for illuminating light in line shape extending in a first direction on an illumination surface includes an elongated substrate extending in the first direction, a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) light sources on the substrate, a heat transfer pipe extending in a second direction, and configured to transfer heat generated from the LED light sources in the second direction, a heat radiation sink having a plurality of heat radiation fins protruding in a third direction, an illuminator having a thin box shape and configured to house the substrate, the heat transfer pipe and the heat radiation sink and to form a wind tunnel, and a centrifugal fan in the second direction between the substrate and the heat radiation sink, and configured to draw air from outside into the wind tunnel.
Provided is an elongated housing which allows easy maintenance without being separated from the device body. The elongated housing, which is accommodated in a device body so that a lengthwise direction thereof becomes a first direction, includes a plurality of first rollers and a plurality of second rollers disposed on a first surface of the elongated housing to be arranged in a row along the first direction; and a plurality of third rollers and a plurality of fourth rollers disposed on a second surface of the elongated housing to be arranged in a row along the first direction, wherein the elongated housing is movably supported between a first state of being accommodated in the device body and a second state of being drawn from the device body in the first direction.
B41J 11/00 - Devices or arrangements for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
B41J 25/34 - Bodily-changeable print heads or carriages
A photoirradiation device for irradiating a prescribed irradiation position on an irradiation surface with line-shaped light extending in a first direction and having a prescribed line width in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction is equipped with an optical unit for irradiating the irradiation surface with line-shaped light parallel to the first direction, and having: N number (N is an integer of 2 or higher) of light-source modules arranged in the first direction on a substrate with a first interval interposed therebetween, and positioned in a manner such that the optical axes thereof are oriented in a prescribed direction; and N number of optical elements for guiding the light from each of the light-source modules to a prescribed optical path, and positioned along the optical path of each of the light-source modules. Therein: each of the light-source modules has a light-emitting part extending in a first direction; and each of the optical elements magnifies the light emitted from the light-emitting parts at a prescribed magnification factor in the first direction, and satisfies conditional expression (1), given that the first interval is a, the length of the light-emitting parts in the first direction is b, and the prescribed magnification factor is α. α×b≥a... (1)
A board-like near-infrared absorbing glass of the present invention absorbs near infrared components of light, and is provided with, on the front and rear sides thereof, a light incoming surface from which light traveling toward a solid-state image pickup element is inputted, and a light outgoing surface from which the light is outputted toward the solid-state image pickup element, said light having passed through the near-infrared absorbing glass. The near-infrared absorbing glass is provided with: a light transmitting section which light can pass through; and a light scattering section, which is formed on the light incoming surface and/or light outgoing surface such that the outer circumference of the light transmitting section is surrounded in a frame-like manner, and which scatters a part of the light.
H01L 27/14 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy
C03C 15/00 - Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
H04N 5/359 - Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise applied to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels
19.
DISCHARGE LAMP AND TOOL FOR ATTACHING AND DETACHING DISCHARGE LAMP
A discharge lamp including a luminous tube that has a top-end part and a base-end part, and a fixing cap that is provided to the base-end part, inserted into a lamp holder having a prescribed reference surface, and rotated so as to attach thereto. The fixing cap comprises a first body part that houses the base-end part, and a flange that is formed so as to protrude out from the outer periphery surface of the first body part. The flange comprises a base-end side end-surface that is formed in the direction orthogonal to an axial center, a short part that is formed along a first direction of the end surface and regulates the direction of the fixing cap, and a long part that is formed along a second direction, which is orthogonal to the first direction, and engages with the lamp holder when the fixing cap is rotated. The outer periphery edge of the flange is formed to have a shape that has no point symmetry with respect to the axial center, and the end surface of the flange contacts with the reference surface when the fixing cap is attached to the lamp holder.
A light source device provided with: a discharge lamp that includes a luminous tube and a fixing cap which is positioned at a base-end part of the luminous tube and electrically connected to a negative electrode; a lamp unit that houses the discharge lamp such that replacement thereof is possible due to the lamp unit attachably and detachably supporting the fixing cap; and a box-shaped casing that houses the lamp unit. The fixing cap includes a first body part, which houses the base-end part, and a flange which is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first body part. The lamp unit includes a clamping part that, when the fixing cap is inserted therein and rotated, clamps the flange if the rotation is in a first rotation direction, and unclamps the flange if the rotation is in a second rotation direction, which is the direction opposite to the first rotation direction. A side surface of the casing includes an opening and closing door that rotates around a rotation shaft provided in the vicinity of a front surface, and when the opening and closing door is rotated to the outside, the lamp unit is pulled out and the clamping part is exposed.
A light source device containing: a discharge lamp; an elliptical mirror that reflects light radiated from the discharge lamp; a box-shaped casing that houses the discharge lamp and the elliptical mirror, and is provided with a light-emitting emission aperture on the front surface panel; and an amount-of-light adjustment unit that includes a throttle mechanism for controlling the amount of light, a shutter mechanism for controlling the emittance and the blocking of the light which passes through the throttle mechanism, and an approximately box-shaped case member for supporting the shutter mechanism and the throttle mechanism. The light source device is characterized in that: one side-surface panel of the casing includes an attachment opening into which the amount-of-light adjustment unit can be inserted; the case member includes, at the far end in the insertion direction of the amount-of-light adjustment unit, a cover that can cover the attachment opening; and the amount-of-light adjustment unit, when inserted into the casing from the attachment opening, can be attached to the one side-surface panel of the casing such that the cover covers the attachment opening.
F21S 2/00 - Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups or , e.g. of modular construction
F21V 11/14 - Screens not covered by groups , , or using diaphragms containing one or more apertures with many small apertures
F21V 14/08 - Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of screens
F21V 29/02 - Cooling by forcing air over or around the light source (cooling arrangements structurally associated with electric lamps H01J 61/52, H01K 1/58)
The light irradiation device according to the present invention for irradiating line-shaped light extending in a first direction and having a predetermined line width in a second direction onto a predetermined irradiation position on an irradiation surface is provided with a plurality of optical units for emitting line-shaped light in the first direction to the irradiation surface, the optical units having a plurality of light sources aligned in the first direction on a substrate, and a plurality of optical elements for shaping the light from the light sources into parallel light beams. The plurality of optical units comprises N×M (N being an integer of 2 or greater and M being an integer of 1 or greater) optical units for emitting light of N different wavelengths, the N×M optical units being disposed so that the optical paths of the N different wavelengths of light are arranged in a predetermined order in the circumferential direction about an irradiation position as viewed from the first direction, and the range of irradiation in the second direction of each wavelength of light emitted from the N×M optical units is within a predetermined line width.
F21S 2/00 - Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups or , e.g. of modular construction
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
H01L 33/00 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof
H01L 33/48 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
F21Y 101/02 - Miniature, e.g. light emitting diodes (LED)
A light radiation device for radiating linear light extending in a first direction and having a predetermined line width in a second direction at a predetermined irradiation position on an irradiation surface, is provided with a plurality of optical units having a substrate, light sources arranged on the substrate along the first direction, and optical elements for shaping the light from each of the light sources so as to be parallel light. The optical units comprise a plurality of first optical units and second optical units for emitting linear light parallel to the first direction onto the irradiation surface. Each of the first optical units is arranged so that the emitted light passes through a predetermined focus position and fits within the line width on the irradiation surface. Each of the second optical units is arranged so that the emitted light fits within the line width on the irradiation surface. The total sum of the energy of light emitted from each of the optical units is substantially uniform within a predetermined range vertically above the irradiation position.
F21S 2/00 - Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups or , e.g. of modular construction
B41F 23/04 - Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
F21Y 101/02 - Miniature, e.g. light emitting diodes (LED)
5. The content of each of the selected components ranges from 0.05-4 mole percent, and if a plurality of the components are selected, the total content of the components is 6 mole percent or less.
G02F 1/09 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on magneto-optical elements, e.g. exhibiting Faraday effect
5. The content of each of the selected components ranges from 0.05-4 mole percent, and if a plurality of the components are selected, the total content of the components is 6 mole percent or less.
3, and the individual volumes of the fine metal particles present in each region are 4 to 40% of the volume of the region in 90% or more of the total number of the regions.
A polarizing glass wherein the extinction ratio measured at a short distance is improved. Specifically disclosed is a polarizing glass containing shape-anisotropic metal particles oriented and dispersed in a glass base. In percentage by weight relative to the entire glass base, 0.40-0.85 wt% of Cl is contained in the glass base. The polarizing glass has a Vickers hardness of not less than 360 but not more than 420 or a Knoop hardness of not less than 400 but not more than 495, or at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of Y2O3, La2O3, V2O3, Ta2O3, WO3 and Nb2O5 is contained in the glass base. The amount of each additional component contained therein is within the range of 0.05-4% by mole, and if two or more additional components are selected, the total amount of the additional components is not more than 6% by mole.
C03C 4/00 - Compositions for glass with special properties
C03C 3/118 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine containing boron containing aluminium
C03C 14/00 - Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
A polarizing element obtained by heat-treating a glass base containing many nearly acicular fine particles of a metal halide dispersed and oriented so that the lengthwise directions of the particles are almost the same, in a reducing atmosphere to reduce the fine metal halide particles. The polarizing element has fine metal particles generated in the many regions which were occupied by the individual fine metal halide particles before the reduction. In at least some of the many regions, two or more fine metal particles are present in each region. In the many regions corresponding to at least 90% of the total number of the fine metal halide particles, each region has a volume of 2,500-2,500,000 nm3. In the many regions corresponding to at least 90% of the total number of the fine metal halide particles, the total volume of the multiple fine metal particles present in each region is 4-40% of the volume of the region.
Provided is a polarization glass which contains shape-anisotropic metal particles orientationally dispersed in a glass base material. In the concentration distribution of the metal particles, in a traveling direction of polarizing light, the concentration is substantially zero at vicinities of surfaces on one side and the other side of the glass base material, gradually increases toward the other side of the glass base material from the one side, and the concentration is within a prescribed range in the glass base material, then, gradually reduces toward the other side.
C03B 32/00 - Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups , e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
G02B 27/28 - Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups , for polarising
33.
Polarizing glass containing copper and optical isolator
To Provide a polarizing glass with better weatherability than conventional polarizing glasses, affording high long-term reliability without the above-described surface deterioration. To provide an optical isolator employing polarizing glass of improved weatherability, affording good weatherability and high reliability for extended periods.
5, and the geometrically anisotropic metal particles are metallic cupper particles. An optical isolator employing the polarizing glass.
An excimer lamp (I) comprises a discharge gas and electrodes for applying voltage to the discharge gas. The frequency F (MHz) of the voltage applied to the electrodes is regulated with respect to the pressure P (MPa) of the discharge gas so as to satisfy the following relation (I). Fᡶ0.764P-0.316 (I) Another excimer lamp (II) comprises a discharge vessel containing discharge gas therein and electrodes for applying voltage to the discharge gas. The concentration of the residual air in the discharge vessel is 2500 ppb or less. According to the excimer lamp (I), discharge at relatively low voltage, i.e., glow-like discharge can be maintained. Even if the discharge gas pressure increases, the radiation intensity of the excimer light can be increased without overtemperature of the excimer lamp. According to the excimer lamp (II), excimer light of higher output can be radiated.
[PROBLEMS] To provide a wafer supporting glass consisting of a glass plate (GP) exhibiting flexibility so that it can support a semiconductor wafer (SW) by bonding thereto and can be stripped therefrom. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] The glass plate (GP) is a wafer supporting glass for supporting a semiconductor wafer (SW) by bonding thereto. In order to strip the wafer supporting glass bonded to the semiconductor wafer (SW), the wafer supporting glass bends by a predetermined angle or more. When the wafer supporting glass bends 30 degrees or more, it can be stripped without applying a large force to the semiconductor wafer.
H01L 21/683 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereofApparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components for supporting or gripping
A polarizing glass of high long-term reliability that as compared with conventional polarizing glasses, is improved in weather resistance and is free from surface deterioration; and an optical isolator of high long-term reliability that using the polarizing glass improved in weather resistance, excels in weather resistance. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] There is provided a polarizing glass comprising a glass substratum and, oriented and dispersed in a surface layer portion of at least one major surface thereof, morphologically anisotropic particles. The glass substratum consists of a borosilicate base glass, not containing alkaline earth metal oxides and PbO, loaded with at least one additive component selected from the group consisting of Y2O3, ZrO2, La2O3, CeO2, Ce2O3, TiO2, V2O5, Ta2O5, WO3 and Nb2O5. The morphologically anisotropic particles are metallic copper particles. Further, there is provided an optical isolator including the polarizing glass.
A variable slit apparatus capable of easily forming a rectangular aperture of a desired shape and size is provided. The variable slit apparatus comprises a first slit mechanism (12) for forming a first slit (S) with a variable width along a plane perpendicular to the optical axis (L) of a laser beam, a first drive mechanism (14) for rotating the first slit mechanism around the optical axis of the laser beam, a second slit mechanism (18) for forming a second slit (S) with a variable width along the plane perpendicular to the optical axis (L) of the laser beam and intersecting the first slit (S), a second drive mechanism (20) for rotating the second slit mechanism around the optical axis of the laser beam, a region setter for setting a predetermined region on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the laser beam, and a controller (80) for controlling the first slit mechanism, the first drive mechanism, the second slit mechanism, and the second drive mechanism in such a way that the overlap between the first and second slits does not extend beyond the region set by the region setter.
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