A tapping system for removing molten fluid from a vessel, the tapping system includes: a taphole assembly configured to receive molten fluid from a vessel; an induction coil encircling at least a portion of a taphole channel in the taphole assembly; a launder assembly configured to receive fluid exiting the taphole channel and to form a pressure seal; and a plasma torch extending into the vessel and configured to direct a plasma plume toward an inlet of the taphole channel.
B01J 2/06 - Processes or devices for granulating materials, in generalRendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a liquid medium
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
C10B 53/08 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form in the form of briquettes, lumps or the like
A system for processing a syngas stream including particulate matter, a combustible gas, and acid components is disclosed. The system includes a gasifier vessel configured to produce a raw syngas stream; a gas cooling apparatus configured to cool the raw syngas stream to produce a cooled syngas stream; an HCl and particulate removal apparatus configured to produce a reduced-HCl syngas stream; a first reheat apparatus configured to produce a first reheated syngas stream; a COS and HCN hydrolysis apparatus configured to produce a hydrolyzed syngas stream; an H2S removal apparatus configured to produce a reduced-H2S syngas stream; a second reheat apparatus configured to produce a second reheated syngas stream; an activated carbon bed apparatus configured to produce a polished syngas stream; and a compression and intercooling apparatus configured to compress and cool the polished syngas stream to produce a clean syngas stream.
An exhaust elbow includes an inlet, an outlet, a curved gas guiding duct between the inlet and the outlet, and a plurality of thermally insulated stiffeners connected to an external surface of the curved gas guiding duct, each of the stiffeners including a metallic component and thermal insulation adjacent to at least a portion of a surface of the metallic element.
An apparatus comprises: a gasifier vessel; an orifice in a wall of the gasifier vessel; a plasma torch; a torch support structure connected to the wall of the gasifier vessel and having an opening configured to receive the plasma torch, the torch support structure including a shroud gas spool configured to inject shroud gas into the opening and around the torch and an isolation valve configured to prevent gas flow between an internal environment of the gasifier and an external environment outside of the torch support structure when the plasma torch is retracted; and an actuator configured to extend the plasma torch into the gasifier vessel through the orifice and to retract the plasma torch from the gasifier vessel.
An apparatus includes a tuyere chamber, a plasma torch configured to produce a superheated gas and to direct the superheated gas into the tuyere chamber in an axial direction, and a shroud gas inlet assembly configured to direct a shroud gas into the tuyere chamber wherein one part of the shroud gas is injected coaxially with the super heated gas and a second part of the shroud gas is injected as a swirl shielding the tuyere walls.
An apparatus includes a tuyere, a plasma torch positioned to inject hot gas into the tuyere, and a plurality of nozzles configured to inject a combustible material into the tuyere for combustion of the combustible material within the tuyere. The apparatus can be used to practice a method including: injecting a combustible material into a plurality of tuyeres in a wall of a reactor vessel, using a plasma torch to inject hot gas into the tuyeres to ignite the combustible material, and directing heat from combustion of the combustible material into the reactor vessel to preheat the reactor vessel.
A carbonaceous bed in a reactor includes carbon bearing material that is not coke and rather includes natural wood blocks or bricks formed of non-coke carbonaceous material in a binder along with, as options, other constituents such as catalysts and fluxing agents. The bed reduces the amount of coke required in processes such as for syngas production. Such non-coke units are applicable to an original carbonaceous bed in a reactor and also to replenishment of reacted carbon in the original bed. The bed may include ungasified carbon particulate matter separated from gaseous reaction products of a gasification reactor, either in non-coke bricks or otherwise applied, as may other carbonaceous material often regarded as waste such as spent potliner material from aluminum making and soot residue from a gasification reactor. Certain reactor structural modifications can also result in reduced consumption of carbon in a bed.
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
C04B 35/52 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on carbon, e.g. graphite
8.
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT OF INCINERATOR ASH
A method for treatment of ash from incineration plants (10) includes: collecting ash from an incinerators feeding the collected ash and additional feed material to a gasification/vitrification reactor (12); vitrifying the ash and additional feed material in the gasification/vitrification reactor, to form a slag of molten material; allowing the slag to flow from the gasification/vitrification reactor (12)and solidify outside the gasification/vitrification reactor; gasifying volatile components in the ash and the additional feed material; and using syngas generated in the gasification/vitrification reactor (12) to augment the thermal environments of the incinerator (10).
A plasma gasification reactor, and process for its operation, with one or both of, first, a quench zone within an upper part of a top section of the reactor and, second, feed ports through a lateral wall of a middle section of the reactor for supplying feed material to a feed bed within the middle section and the feed ports located proximate the feed bed. The quench zone is provided with nozzles for introducing a fluid to reduce the temperature of molten solid bits sufficiently to minimize their sticking within external ductwork. The middle section feed port arrangement assists in more thorough reaction of light particles in the feed material that may otherwise exit with gaseous products. Among feed port arrangements, they may be located above a feed bed and angled upwardly to allow close proximity to the upper feed bed surface without severe radiation heating or they may be located at a level to feed material laterally directly into a feed bed, in which case a cooling arrangement may be provided, as well as a feed mechanism, to facilitate passage of feed material.
A syngas stream composition comprising on a dry basis up to about 50,000 mg/Nm3 particulates; 5-39 vol% H2; 5-39 vol% CO; 15-50 vol% CO2; 8-30 vol% N2; 0-2 vol% Argon; and 15-50 vol% moisture on a wet basis. The stream includes a H2/CO ratio that is about 0.3-2 and at least 15 wt% of particulates have an aerodynamic particle diameter of less than or equal to 1 micron. A gasified waste stream and a method for forming a gasified waste stream are also disclosed.
C10J 3/18 - Continuous processes using electricity
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
C10K 1/10 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquidsReviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
A plasma gasification reactor vessel having a top section with a conical wall extending up from a bottom section, containing a carbonaceous bed into which plasma is injected by plasma torches, to a roof of the vessel is arranged in ways that can contribute to characteristics of gas flow and solids residence time that are favorable for thoroughness of reactions and yield of useful reactions products. In some cases, such a conical wall is combined in arrangements with other features such as one or more feed ports arranged to give more uniform distribution including examples with a feed port that has a distributive feed mechanism. The roof of the vessel, in some examples, has vertical outlet ports that include intrusions into the interior volume of the reactor proximate the conical wall of the top section. The configurations of outlet ports with intrusions and the configurations of feed ports for more uniform distribution of feed material are also applicable to reactor vessels with other geometries.
B01J 19/08 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiationApparatus therefor
C10G 15/12 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils by electric means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, by particle radiation or with gases superheated in electric arcs with gases superheated in an electric arc, e.g. plasma
H05H 15/00 - Methods or devices for acceleration of charged particles not otherwise provided for
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