Interleavant particles for location between adjacent stacked glass sheets are described. The interleavant particles comprise an organic polymer core with an outer coating comprising rosin. The organic polymer core has a softening point greater than 60°C, a solubility in water of less than 2 g/L and a volumetric mass density less than 1.6 g/cm3. A composition, methods of producing the particles and stacking glass sheets, use of the particles to space the glass sheets and a stack of glass sheets are described. In one method, a solid organic polymer core and a solid outer coating material are combined by high shear mixing wherein the outer coating material has a lower melting point than the core material and the high shear mixing is effective to melt the outer coating material and to effect coating thereof onto the solid organic polymer core.
C03C 17/00 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B65B 33/00 - Packaging articles by applying removable, e.g. strippable, coatings
C03B 40/033 - Means for preventing adhesion between glass and glass
C03C 17/32 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
C03C 27/10 - Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
Apparatus and a method for condensing gaseous monomer from a stream of hot gas comprising gaseous monomer is described. The gaseous monomer is susceptible to thermally initiated polymerization upon condensation, The method comprises contacting the stream of hot gas flowing through a condenser in a first direction with at least one jet of liquid comprising liquid monomer directed substantially countercurrently to the first direction. The contacting is effective to condense the monomer in the condenser. The liquid monomer and the gaseous monomer are selected from vinyl monomers, methacrylate esters and methacrylic acid.
A process for purifying a crude methyl methacrylate (MMA) stream is described, typically from one or more depolymerised (co)polymers comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA). The stream comprises MMA at a level of at least 80 wt % and ethyl acrylate (EA). The process includes the steps of:—
fractionally crystallising the said MMA stream to provide a fractionally crystallised MMA stream having a reduced EA content relative to the MMA stream immediately prior to fractional crystallisation.
There is described interleavant particles for location between adjacent stacked glass sheets, the interleavant particles comprising an inorganic core with an outer coating, the outer coating comprising a biodegradable and/or water soluble polymer or film forming material, wherein the inorganic core is solid up to at least 100° C. has a compressive strength of at least 3 MPa and has a volumetric mass density less than 7.5 g/cm3 at 25° C.
C03B 40/00 - Preventing adhesion between glass and glass or between glass and the means used to shape it
C03C 17/32 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
B05D 1/04 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
A glass interleavant particle composition for location between adjacent stacked glass sheets. The composition includes a) inorganic interleavant particles and b) polymeric adhesion promoter particles in which the inorganic particles are solid up to at least 100° C. have a compressive strength of at least 3 MPa and have a volumetric mass density less than 7.5 g/cm3 at 25° C.
Interleavant particles for location between adjacent stacked glass sheets are described. The interleavant particles comprise an organic polymer core with an outer coating comprising rosin. The organic polymer core has a softening point greater than 60°C, a solubility in water of less than 2 g/L, a compressive strength of at least 3 MPa and a volumetric mass density less than 1.6 g/cm3. A composition, methods of producing the particles and stacking glass sheets, use of the particles to space the glass sheets and a stack of glass sheets are described. In one method, a solid organic polymer core and a solid outer coating material are combined by high shear mixing wherein the outer coating material has a lower melting point than the core material and the high shear mixing is effective to melt the outer coating material and to effect coating thereof onto the solid organic polymer core.
B32B 3/14 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. apertured or formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material
B32B 7/12 - Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B65B 33/00 - Packaging articles by applying removable, e.g. strippable, coatings
B65D 85/48 - Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure for glass sheets
B65G 49/06 - Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for for fragile or damageable materials or articles for fragile sheets, e.g. glass
C03B 40/033 - Means for preventing adhesion between glass and glass
8.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING COMPOSITION FOR 3-D PRINTED OBJECT
An additive manufacturing composition for a 3-D printed object such as a dental product, typically, a dental prosthesis is described. The composition has: —a. an acrylic polymer having ethyl methacrylate (EM A) residues, b. a crosslinker having at least two reactive terminal groups that are capable of polymerisation, typically, each of the said at least two reactive terminal groups being (alk)acrylate groups, more typically, one or both of the at least two reactive terminal groups are alkacrylate groups, most typically, methacrylate groups, c. a reactive diluent in the form of a flowable liquid at 25° C., d. a suitable initiator and optionally a suitable co-initiator. A process for the production of an additive manufacturing composition, a 3-D printed object, an additive manufacturing process, use of the composition in additive manufacturing and for producing a 3-D printed object and an additive manufacturing vat, bath or cartridge are also described.
A process for purifying a crude methyl methacrylate (MMA) stream is described, typically from one or more depolymerised (co)polymers comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA). The stream comprises MMA at a level of at least 80 wt% and ethyl acrylate (EA). The process includes the steps of:- fractionally crystallising the said MMA stream to provide a fractionally crystallised MMA stream having a reduced EA content relative to the MMA stream immediately prior to fractional crystallisation.
A process for purifying a crude methyl methacrylate (MMA) stream is described, typically from one or more depolymerised (co)polymers comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA). The stream comprises MMA at a level of at least 80 wt% and ethyl acrylate (EA). The process includes the steps of:- fractionally crystallising the said MMA stream to provide a fractionally crystallised MMA stream having a reduced EA content relative to the MMA stream immediately prior to fractional crystallisation.
A process of producing methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof including the following steps: (a) biologically converting isobutyryl-CoA into methacrylyl-CoA by the action of an oxidase; and (b) converting methacrylyl-CoA into methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof. The invention also extends to microorganisms adapted to conduct the steps of the process.
The invention discloses a catalyst comprising a silica support, a modifier metal and a catalytic alkali metal. The silica support has a multimodal pore size distribution comprising a mesoporous pore size distribution having an average pore size in the range 2 to 50 nm and a pore volume of said mesopores of at least 0.1 cm3/g, and a macroporous pore size distribution having an average pore size of more than 50 nm and a pore volume of said macropores of at least 0.1 cm3/g. The level of catalytic alkali metal on the silica support is at least 2 mol %. The modifier metal is selected from Mg, B, Al, Ti, Zr and Hf. The invention also discloses a method of producing the catalyst, a method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of the catalyst, and a process for preparing an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester in the presence of the catalyst.
B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafniumOxides or hydroxides thereof
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
13.
INTERLEAVANT PARTICLES FOR LOCATION BETWEEN STACKED GLASS SHEETS
There is described interleavant particles for location between adjacent stacked glass sheets, the interleavant particles comprising an inorganic core with an outer coating, the outer coating comprising a biodegradable and/or water soluble polymer or film forming material, wherein the inorganic core is solid up to at least 100°C has a compressive strength of at least 3 MPa and has a volumetric mass density less than 7.5 g/cm3 at 25°C.
There is described a glass interleavant particle composition for location between adjacent stacked glass sheets, the composition comprising:- a) inorganic interleavant particles and b) polymeric adhesion promoter particles wherein the inorganic particles are solid up to at least 100°C, have a compressive strength of at least 3 MPa and have a volumetric mass density less than 7.5 g/cm3 at 25°C.
A process of producing methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof including the following steps: (a) biologically converting isobutyryl-CoA into methacrylyl-CoA by the action of an oxidase; and (b) converting methacrylyl-CoA into methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof. The invention also extends to microorganisms adapted to conduct the steps of the process.
A catalyst including a modified silica support having a titanium modifier metal, and a catalytic metal on the modified silica support. A proportion of the modifier metal is present in the form of mononuclear titanium moieties or is derived from a mononuclear titanium cation source at the commencement of modification. The invention also discloses a corresponding modified silica support, a method of producing the catalyst or the modified silica support, and a process for preparing an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester in the presence of the catalyst.
A process for producing a catalyst including a) providing an uncalcined metal modified porous silica support wherein the modifier metal is selected from one or more of boron, magnesium, aluminium, zirconium, hafnium and titanium, wherein the modifier metal is present in mono- or dinuclear modifier metal moieties; b) optionally removing any solvent or liquid carrier from the modified silica support; c) optionally drying the modified silica support; d) treating the uncalcined metal modified silica support with a catalytic metal to effect adsorption of the catalytic metal onto the metal modified silica support; and e) calcining the impregnated silica support of step d). The invention extends to an uncalcined catalyst intermediate and a method of producing a catalyst by providing a porous silica support having isolated silanol groups.
A catalyst including a modified silica support having a titanium modifier metal, and a catalytic metal on the modified silica support. A proportion of the modifier metal is present in the form of mononuclear titanium moieties or is derived from a mononuclear titanium cation source at the commencement of modification. The invention also discloses a corresponding modified silica support, a method of producing the catalyst or the modified silica support, and a process for preparing an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester in the presence of the catalyst.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Chemicals used in industry; unprocessed artificial resins;
unprocessed plastics; synthetic resins; unprocessed resins;
putties and other paste fillers; adhesives, substances and
materials for making adhesives; chemical substances,
chemical materials and chemical preparations and natural
elements; acrylic substances (unprocessed-); acrylic
monomers; acrylic resins, unprocessed; methacrylate; methyl
methacrylate; polymethyl methacrylate; chemical polymers;
polymer solutions; polymer resins, unprocessed; polymers,
monomers, resins and/or adhesives for use in industry;
polymers for solid support media; polystyrenes; polymers for
combinatorial chemical synthesis, biochemical synthesis,
nucleic acid synthesis and peptide synthesis; plastics in
the form of suspensions or solutions for use in industrial
processes, including such plastics containing acrylic
compounds; dispersions of plastics; dispersions of plastics
including polymer in monomer; dispersion of plastics
including inorganic fillers; unprocessed synthetic resinous
plastic materials; unprocessed acrylic resin, synthetic
resins, resinoids, acrylic plastics, resin substitutes in a
raw or partly prepared state, stain and tarnish inhibiting
and preventing chemicals and polymers; resin beads; ink
resins; mould release preparations and moulding
preparations, moulding powders for use in industry;
chemicals for use in combinatorial synthesis; chemical
reagents; biochemical and chemical catalysts; chemical and
plastic additives; test chemicals and reagents; polymers,
monomers, chemical substances, chemical materials and/or
chemical preparations for use in the medical, veterinary,
cosmetic, plastics, adhesives, construction and/or food and
drink industries; plastics for use in industry, in the form
of pastes, powders, granules, emulsions and/or liquids;
polymers, monomers, chemical substances, chemical materials
and/or chemical preparations for use in the manufacture of
floor coatings, wall coatings, packaging, bathroom products
and/or acrylic sheeting; polymers and resins produced from
recycled monomers; acrylic polymers produced from recycled
monomers. Paints, varnishes, lacquers; colorants, dyes; inks for
printing, marking and engraving; raw natural resins;
resinous coatings; synthetic resin paints and colours;
plastic coatings [paints] for use in building and/or
construction; acrylic coatings [paints]; colourants for
polymers; raw natural resins for use in the manufacture of
adhesives, lacquers and varnishes; dyestuffs, colorants,
lacquers and mordants for use in industry; recyclable
paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants, dyes, inks, coatings
and pigments; paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants, dyes,
inks, coatings and pigments made from recycled materials;
recycled and/or recyclable colourants, pigments, paints,
dyes, laquers, varnishes and inks for use in the manufacture
of cosmetics, beverages, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals,
furniture, automobiles, floor coatings, wall coatings,
packaging, bathroom products and/or acrylic sheeting;
recycled and/or recyclable colourants, pigments, paints,
dyes, laquers, varnishes and inks for use in the medical,
veterinary, cosmetic, plastics, adhesives, construction
and/or food and drink industries. Plastics in extruded form for use in manufacture;
semi-worked plastic substances; synthetic and composite
materials; synthetic resins made in the form of sheets,
film, foil, tubes, rods, pellets, beads and shaped pieces;
semi-processed plastic substances; semi-finished artificial
resins and acrylic resin products; resins in extruded form;
plastic fibres not for textile use; plastic film other than
for wrapping purposes; plastic filaments for 3D printing;
materials used to caulk and seal; stopping, packing, padding
and insulating materials; glass wool for insulation; acrylic
sheets for use in manufacture; recycled acrylic sheets for
use in manufacture; recycled plastics; recycled artificial
resins; recycled acrylics; recycled monomers; recycled
polymers, monomers, acrylics, acrylic sheeting and/or
artificial resins for use in the medical, veterinary,
cosmetic, plastics, adhesives, construction and/or food and
drink industries; recycled polymers, monomers, acrylics
and/or artificial resins for use in industry; recycled
polymers, monomers, acrylics and/or artificial resins for
use in the manufacture of floor coatings, wall coatings,
packaging, bathroom products and/or acrylic sheeting;
organic glass, semi-processed. Treatment of materials; recycling of waste; processing of
plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics, resins, paints,
varnishes, lacquers, colorants, dyes, inks, coatings,
pigments, chemical substances, chemical materials and/or
chemical preparations; extruding of plastics, polymers,
monomers, acrylics and/or resins; recycling of plastics,
polymers, monomers, acrylics, resins, paints, varnishes,
lacquers, colorants, dyes, inks, coatings, pigments,
chemical substances, chemical materials and/or chemical
preparations; recycling of plastics, polymers, monomers,
acrylics, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants,
dyes, inks, coatings, pigments, chemical substances,
chemical materials and/or chemical preparations into a
recyclable material; sorting of waste and recyclable
materials; sorting of plastics, polymers, monomers,
acrylics, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants,
dyes, inks, coatings, pigments, chemical substances,
chemical materials and/or chemical preparations for
recycling; consultancy, advice and information in relation
to all of the aforesaid services.
20.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING COMPOSITION FOR 3-D PRINTED OBJECT
An additive manufacturing composition for a 3-D printed object such as a dental product, typically, a dental prosthesis is described. The composition has:- a. an acrylic polymer having ethyl methacrylate (EM A) residues, b. a crosslinker having at least two reactive terminal groups that are capable of polymerisation, typically, each of the said at least two reactive terminal groups being (alk)acrylate groups, more typically, one or both of the at least two reactive terminal groups are alkacrylate groups, most typically, methacrylate groups, c. a reactive diluent in the form of a flowable liquid at 25 °C, d. a suitable initiator and optionally a suitable co-initiator. A process for the production of an additive manufacturing composition, a 3-D printed object, an additive manufacturing process, use of the composition in additive manufacturing and for producing a 3-D printed object and an additive manufacturing vat, bath or cartridge are also described.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
Chemicals used in industry; unprocessed artificial resins; unprocessed plastics; unprocessed synthetic resins; unprocessed acrylic, polymer and monomer resins; acrylic, polymer and monomer putties and other paste fillers for use in the manufacture of medical, veterinary, cosmetic, construction, electrical, automotive and packaging products; adhesives, substances and materials for making adhesives, namely, chemical thickeners, polymers, polymeric additives, acrylic monomers for use in the manufacture of adhesives; chemical substances, chemical materials and chemical preparations and natural elements, namely, unprocessed plastics, polymers and monomers; acrylic substances, namely unprocessed acrylic resins; acrylic monomers; acrylic resins, unprocessed; unprocessed polymethyl methacrylate resins; unprocessed methyl methacrylate resins; unprocessed chemical polymers; polymer solutions, namely, unprocessed polymers; polymer resins, unprocessed; unprocessed polymers, acrylic monomers, unprocessed acrylic, polymer and monomer resins and adhesives for use in industry; unprocessed polymers for solid support media; unprocessed polystyrene resins; polymer compositions used in the manufacture of commercial and industrial goods, namely, polymers for combinatorial chemical synthesis, biochemical synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis and peptide synthesis; unprocessed plastics in the form of suspensions or solutions for use in industrial processes, including such plastics containing acrylic compounds; dispersions of plastics for use in the manufacture of medical, veterinary, cosmetic, construction, electrical, automotive and packaging products; dispersions of plastics in the nature of polymer in monomer for use in the manufacture of medical, veterinary, cosmetic, construction, furniture, electrical, automotive and packaging goods; dispersion of plastics in the nature of inorganic fillers for use in the manufacture of medical, veterinary, cosmetic, construction, furniture, electrical, automotive and packaging products; unprocessed artificial resin, namely, unprocessed synthetic resinous plastic materials; unprocessed artificial resin, namely, unprocessed acrylic resin, synthetic resins, resinoids, acrylic plastics, resin substitutes in a raw or partly prepared state, stain and tarnish inhibiting and preventing chemicals and polymers; resin beads, namely, unprocessed synthetic resin compounds in the form of microspheres used to incorporate various other substances; ink resins, namely unprocessed synthetic resins; mould release preparations and foundry moulding preparations, synthetic resin moulding powders for use in industry; chemicals for use in combinatorial synthesis; chemical reagents for non-medical purposes; catalysts for biochemical and chemical processes; chemical and plastic additives for use in the manufacture of medical, veterinary, cosmetic, construction, furniture, electrical, automotive and packaging products; test chemicals in the nature of reagents for testing water, food, sterility of cosmetics, other than for medical or veterinary use; polymers, monomers, chemical substances, chemical materials and chemical preparations for use in the medical, veterinary, cosmetic, plastics, adhesives, construction and food and drink industries, namely methyl methacrylates and polymethyl methacrylates; unprocessed plastics in all forms, namely, plastics for use in industry, in the form of pastes, powders, granules, emulsions and liquids; polymers, monomers, chemical substances, chemical materials and chemical preparations for use in the manufacture of floor coatings, wall coatings, packaging, bathroom products and acrylic sheeting, namely, unprocessed methyl methacrylate resins, unprocessed polymethyl methacrylate resins, unprocessed polymer and monomer resins, putties, pastes and adhesives; unprocessed polymers and synthetic resins produced from recycled monomers; acrylic polymers powders produced from recycled monomers; unprocessed acrylic polymer powders produced from recycled monomers Paints, varnishes, lacquers; colorants, dyes for use on plastics; synthetic, vat, shoe, acid, food, fabric dyes; inks for printing, marking objects and engraving; raw natural resins; resinous coatings, namely, resin-based coatings for use on metal, plastic, wood, stone, glass, ceramics and combinations thereof; synthetic resin paints and colours; plastic coatings in the nature of paints for use in building and construction; acrylic coatings in the nature of paints, namely, coatings in the nature of dry acrylic-based textured finish; colourants for polymers; raw natural resins for use in the manufacture of adhesives, lacquers and varnishes; dyestuffs, colorants, lacquers and mordant dyes for use in industry; recyclable paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants, dyes for use on plastics; synthetic, vat, shoe, acid, food, fabric dyes, printing, marking and engraving inks, optical, floor, architectural protective, anti-corrosive, fire retardant coatings and pigments; paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants, dyes for use on plastics; synthetic, vat, shoe, acid, food, fabric dyes, printing, marking and engraving inks, optical, floor, architectural protective, anti-corrosive, fire retardant coatings and pigments made from recycled materials; recycled and recyclable colourants, pigments, paints, dyes for use on plastics, synthetic, vat, shoe, acid, food, fabric dyes, lacquers, varnishes and printing, marking and engraving inks for use in the manufacture of cosmetics, beverages, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, furniture, automobiles, floor coatings, wall coatings, packaging, bathroom products and acrylic sheeting; recycled and recyclable colourants, pigments, paints, dyes for use on plastics, synthetic, vat, shoe, acid, food, fabric dyes, laquers, varnishes and printing, marking and engraving inks for use in the medical, veterinary, cosmetic, plastics, adhesives, construction and food and drink industries Plastics in extruded form for use in further manufacturing; semi-worked plastic substances, namely, plastic substances, semi-processed; synthetic and composite materials, namely, plastic composite material in the form of profiles, boards, sheets, blocks, rods, powder, film, bars, foil, beads and pellets for use in manufacturing; synthetic resins, semi-processed made in the form of sheets, film, foil, tubes, rods, pellets, beads and shaped pieces; semi-processed plastic substances; semi-finished artificial resins and acrylic resin products, namely, semi-processed artificial resins and acrylic resins; resins in extruded form for general industrial use; plastic fibres not for textile use; plastic film other than for wrapping purposes, namely, plastic film for industrial and commercial packing use, for agricultural purposes, for electrical insulation; plastic filaments for 3D printing; materials used to caulk and seal, namely, caulking and adhesive sealants for general use; stopping, packing, padding and insulating materials, namely packing and padding materials of rubber or plastic and insulation for use in buildings or electrical goods; glass wool for insulation; acrylic sheeting for use in manufacture; recycled acrylic sheeting for use in manufacture; recycled plastics in the form of bars, blocks, pellets, rods, sheets, tubes, film, foil, beads and shaped pieces for use in further manufacturing; recycled artificial resins, semi-processed; recycled plastic in the form of recycled acrylics, namely acrylic resins, semi-processed, acrylic glass, semi-processed, acrylic sheeting for use in manufacture, extruded plastic being acrylic in the form of bars, blocks, pellets, rods, tubes, film, foil, beads, powder and shaped pieces for use in manufacturing; Semi-processed plastics, namely, recycled monomers, semi-processed, in pellet, sheet, film, bar, block, rod, tube, foil, beads, powder and shaped piece form, for use in the industrial and commercial manufacturing; Semi-processed plastics, namely, recycled and semi-processed polymers, monomers, acrylics in pellet, sheet, film, bar, block, rod, tube, foil, beads, powder and shaped piece form, acrylic sheeting and artificial resins for use in the medical, veterinary, cosmetic, plastics, adhesives, construction and food and drink industries; Semi-processed plastics, namely, recycled and semi-processed polymers, monomers, acrylics in pellet, sheet, film, bar, block, rod, tube, foil, beads, powder and shaped piece form and artificial resins for use in industry; Semi-processed plastics, namely, recycled and semi-processed polymers, monomers, acrylics in pellet, sheet, film, bar, block, rod, tube, foil, beads, powder and shaped piece form and artificial resins for use in the manufacture of floor coatings, wall coatings, packaging, bathroom products and acrylic sheeting; organic glass, semi-processed Treatment of materials, namely, recycling of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; Treatment of materials, namely, laminating of plastic sheets and metal plates; Treatment of materials, namely, molding of plastics materials; Treatment of materials, namely, heat treatment of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; Treatment of materials, namely, cooling of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; Treatment of materials, namely, extruding molding of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; Treatment of materials, namely, sorting of waste and recyclable material; Treatment of materials, namely, colouring of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; Treatment of materials, namely, varnishing of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; Treatment of materials, namely, annealing of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; Treatment of materials, namely, normalizing of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; Treatment of materials, namely, tempering of metals and glass; Treatment of materials, namely, bonding of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; recycling of waste; Processing of chemical substances, chemical materials and chemical preparations, namely, chemical distillation services, decontamination of chemical waste, and chemical encapsulation and dispersion of hazardous chemicals; Processing of epoxy resin; Processing of paints, namely, paint mixing services; treatment of materials by means of extrusion, namely, extruding of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics and resins; recycling of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants, dyes, inks, coatings, pigments, chemical substances, chemical materials and chemical preparations; recycling of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants, dyes, inks, coatings, pigments, chemical substances, chemical materials and chemical preparations into a recyclable material; sorting of waste and recyclable materials; sorting of waste and recyclable material, namely, sorting of plastics, polymers, monomers, acrylics, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, colorants, dyes, inks, coatings, pigments, chemical substances, chemical materials and chemical preparations for recycling; consultancy, advice and information in relation to all of the aforesaid services
22.
Catalyst and a process for the production of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters
A catalyst has a modified silica support and comprises a modifier metal, zirconium and/or hafnium, and a catalytic metal on the modified support. The catalyst has at least a proportion, typically, at least 25%, of modifier metal present in moieties having a total of up to 2 modifier metal atoms. The moieties may be derived from a monomeric and/or dimeric cation source.
optionally calcining the modified support for a time and temperature sufficient to convert the monomeric zirconium or hafnium compound adsorbed on the surface to an oxide or hydroxide of zirconium or hafnium in preparation for catalyst impregnation.
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafniumOxides or hydroxides thereof
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/313 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups
C12N 1/38 - Chemical stimulation of growth or activity by addition of chemical compounds which are not essential growth factorsStimulation of growth by removal of a chemical compound
C12N 15/70 - Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
A hardenable multi-part acrylic composition having at least two parts that react upon mixing to form a cement, such as bone cement, which hardens to a solid is described that includes storage stable liquid first and second parts, and optionally, further liquid parts. The parts react upon mixing to form a cement that hardens to a solid. The composition includes an acrylic monomer component and an initiator component in an amount effective to polymerize the acrylic monomer component when mixed and/or activated with it. The liquid first part comprises an aqueous dispersion of acrylic polymer particles and acrylic polymer beads. The polymer beads are at an equilibrium water content with the aqueous phase of the dispersion that generally has a viscosity between 10 and 10,000 centipoise. A twin barreled syringe, caulking gun or other cement mixing and delivery device and a method of producing the composition are also described.
The invention discloses a catalyst comprising a silica support, a modifier metal and a catalytic alkali metal. The silica support has a multimodal pore size distribution comprising a mesoporous pore size distribution having an average pore size in the range 2 to 50 nm and a pore volume of said mesopores of at least 0.1 cm3/g, and a macroporous pore size distribution having an average pore size of more than 50 nm and a pore volume of said macropores of at least 0.1 cm3/g. The level of catalytic alkali metal on the silica support is at least 2 mol%. The modifier metal is selected from Mg, B, Al, Ti, Zr and Hf. The invention also discloses a method of producing the catalyst, a method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of the catalyst, and a process for preparing an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester in the presence of the catalyst.
C07C 51/09 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides from carboxylic acid esters or lactones
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
26.
A CATALYST AND A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS OR ESTERS
The invention discloses a catalyst comprising a silica support, a modifier metal and a catalytic alkali metal. The silica support has a multimodal pore size distribution comprising a mesoporous pore size distribution having an average pore size in the range 2 to 50 nm and a pore volume of said mesopores of at least 0.1 cm3/g, and a macroporous pore size distribution having an average pore size of more than 50 nm and a pore volume of said macropores of at least 0.1 cm3/g. The level of catalytic alkali metal on the silica support is at least 2 mol%. The modifier metal is selected from Mg, B, Al, Ti, Zr and Hf. The invention also discloses a method of producing the catalyst, a method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of the catalyst, and a process for preparing an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester in the presence of the catalyst.
C07C 51/09 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides from carboxylic acid esters or lactones
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
The invention relates to a hardenable multi-part acrylic composition. The composition has at least two parts which react with each other upon being mixed together to progressively harden to form a solid cement, such as a bone cement. The beads in the first part comprise an acrylic bead polymer core produced by suspension polymerisation and having a Tg of >70° C. and emulsion polymerised acrylic microparticles at least partially coating the surface of the acrylic bead polymer core. The microparticles may form a porous coalesced network. The bone cement composition comprises the first part and a liquid second part and optionally, further parts. The parts are operable to form a cement which hardens to a solid mass upon mixing of the parts together. The composition further comprises an acrylic monomer component in the second part and an initiator component. A method of production of coated beads for the hardenable multipart composition and a solid cement is also described.
A process of producing methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof including the following steps: (a) biologically converting isobutyryl-CoA into methacrylyl-CoA by the action of an oxidase; and (b) converting methacrylyl-CoA into methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof. The invention also extends to microorganisms adapted to conduct the steps of the process.
The present invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst. The process comprises the steps of: a) providing an uncalcined metal modified porous silica support wherein the modifier metal is selected from one or more of boron, magnesium, aluminium, zirconium, hafnium and titanium, wherein the modifier metal is present in mono- or dinuclear modifier metal moieties; b) optionally removing any solvent or liquid carrier from the modified silica support; c) optionally drying the modified silica support; d) treating the uncalcined metal modified silica support with a catalytic metal to effect adsorption of the catalytic metal onto the metal modified silica support; and e) calcining the impregnated silica support of step d). The invention extends to an uncalcined catalyst intermediate and a method of producing a catalyst by providing a porous silica support having isolated silanol groups.
optionally calcining the modified support for a time and temperature sufficient to convert the monomeric zirconium or hafnium compound adsorbed on the surface to an oxide or hydroxide of zirconium or hafnium in preparation for catalyst impregnation.
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafniumOxides or hydroxides thereof
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/313 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups
The invention relates to a composition with improved scratch and/or abrasion resistance and methods of their manufacture. Compositions for injection moulding, extrusion, (co)extrusion and/or thermoforming are described. The composition comprises (a) an acrylic (co)polymer and (b) a fatty acid amide. At least 30 wt % of the acrylic (co)polymer residues are residues of an alkacrylic acid or ester monomer such as methyl methacrylate and 0 to 70 wt % are residues of one or more other vinyl comonomers. A process for the production of a composition comprising the steps of melt blending the fatty acid amide with the acrylic (co)polymer or adding the fatty acid amide to the monomer during production of the acrylic (co)polymer. Use of the composition may be in injection moulding, extrusion or co-extrusion. Co-extruded laminates comprising a cap layer of the composition are also described.
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
A gusset assembly of a vehicle that includes a pillar structure that extends in a vehicle vertical direction, a cross member that extends in a vehicle lateral direction, and a gusset positioned between and coupled to the pillar structure and the cross member. The gusset configured to transfer an impact load from the pillar structure to the cross member. The gusset assembly includes a gusset crushbox positioned between the pillar structure and the cross member, with the gusset crushbox disposed within the gusset. The gusset crushbox configured to deform to absorb a portion of the impact load applied to the pillar structure during a side impact and to distribute the impact load from the pillar structure to the cross member.
B62D 21/15 - Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
There is described a method of reducing polymer tar build-up in the production of methyl methacrylate and/or methacrylic acid by the acetone cyanohydrin process. In the method a stabiliser is contacted with the amide stage reaction medium. The stabiliser includes a hydrocarbon moiety capable of donating a labile hydrogen atom to a methacrylamide derivative capable of reaction with said labile hydrogen atom under the conditions in the said medium. The method herein is especially useful for the continuous production of methyl methacrylate and/or methacrylic acid.
to regenerate the basic metal methyl carbonate co-reactant. The invention includes use of carbon dioxide and/or dimethyl carbonate to regenerate a basic metal methyl carbonate.
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C12N 1/21 - BacteriaCulture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/38 - Chemical stimulation of growth or activity by addition of chemical compounds which are not essential growth factorsStimulation of growth by removal of a chemical compound
C12N 15/00 - Mutation or genetic engineeringDNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purificationUse of hosts therefor
C12N 15/01 - Preparation of mutants without inserting foreign genetic material thereinScreening processes therefor
C12N 15/31 - Genes encoding microbial proteins, e.g. enterotoxins
C12P 1/04 - Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups , by using microorganisms or enzymesGeneral processes for the preparation of compounds or compositions by using microorganisms or enzymes by using bacteria
C12P 7/40 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Chemicals used in industry; unprocessed artificial resins;
unprocessed plastics; synthetic resins. Synthetic resins; semi-processed resins; resins in extruded
form; semi-manufactured plastics in the form of sheets,
rods, tubes, pellets, blocks and shaped pieces.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Chemicals used in industry; unprocessed artificial resins; unprocessed plastics; unprocessed synthetic resins Semi-processed synthetic resins; semi-processed resins; resins in extruded form for general industrial use; semi-manufactured plastics in the form of sheets, rods, tubes, pellets, blocks and shaped pieces for use in further manufacture
There is described a composition for synthetic stone. The composition having (a) 3 to 25 wt % acrylic resin, the acrylic resin having:—(i) >50 upto 95 wt % methyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate monomer residues, (ii) 4 to 40 wt % higher boiling point mono(alk)acrylate monomer, (iii) optionally, 0 to 10 wt % other acrylate or vinyl comonomer residues, and(iv) a crosslinking agent. The MMA residues of component (a)(i) are present in the acrylic resin in the form of a MMA residue containing (co)polymer, comprising at least 80% residues of MMA by weight of the (co)polymer. The composition further having (b) 70 to 95 wt % filler; and (c) optionally, a coupling agent. The composition being especially useful for the manufacture of synthetic stone for use in outdoor applications.
A catalyst has a modified silica support and comprises a modifier metal, zirconium and/or hafnium, and a catalytic metal on the modified support. The catalyst has at least a proportion, typically, at least 25%, of modifier metal present in moieties having a total of up to 2 modifier metal atoms. The moieties may be derived from a monomeric and/or dimeric cation source. A method of production:- provides a silica support with isolated silanol groups with optional treatment to provide isolated silanol groups (-SiOH) at a level of <2.5 groups per nm2; contacting the optionally treated silica support with a monomeric zirconium or hafnium modifier metal compound to effect adsorption onto the support; optionally calcining the modified support for a time and temperature sufficient to convert the monomeric zirconium or hafnium compound adsorbed on the surface to an oxide or hydroxide of zirconium or hafnium in preparation for catalyst impregnation. A method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester, typically, an a, ß ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester, comprising the steps of contacting formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of catalyst and optionally in the presence of an alcohol, wherein said catalyst is used.
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/313 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups
41.
Dehydration of water containing source of formaldehyde, and a method for producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic ester
Disclosed are methods for dehydrating a water containing source of formaldehyde in which water is separated from the water containing source of formaldehyde using a zeolite membrane. In certain aspects, the water containing source of formaldehyde includes a separation enhancer having a relative static permittivity ranging from 2.5 to 20, and the water containing source of formaldehyde may further include methanol. In certain aspects, (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester may be produced using the dehydrated source of formaldehyde.
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C07C 45/78 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
C07C 67/56 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by solid-liquid treatmentSeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by chemisorption
An additive manufacturing composition for powder bed processes is described. The composition includes at least a first type of impact modified polymer beads. The polymer beads include a) an acrylic or vinyl (co)polymer matrix, and b) an impact modifier in which at least 85% w/w of the first type of impact modified polymer beads have a particle size of between ≥20 μm and ≤200 μm and/or on average the impact modified polymer beads have greater than 5% w/w impact modifier. Also disclosed is an additive manufacturing process for a production of a three dimensional product comprising fused impact modified polymer particles. The use of a composition in additive manufacturing, an additive manufacturing cartridge or replacement hopper and a process for the production of impact modified polymer beads by a suspension polymerization process is also disclosed.
B29C 64/153 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
B29C 64/141 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
C08L 67/00 - Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08L 71/00 - Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chainCompositions of derivatives of such polymers
The invention relates to a composition with improved scratch and/or abrasion resistance and methods of their manufacture. Compositions for injection moulding, extrusion, (co)extrusion and/or thermoforming are described. The composition comprises (a) an acrylic (co)polymer and (b) a fatty acid amide. At least 30wt% of the acrylic (co)polymer residues are residues of an alkacrylic acid or ester monomer such as methyl methacrylate and 0 to 70wt% are residues of one or more other vinyl comonomers. A process for the production of a composition comprising the steps of melt blending the fatty acid amide with the acrylic (co)polymer or adding the fatty acid amide to the monomer during production of the acrylic (co)polymer. Use of the composition may be in injection moulding, extrusion or co-extrusion. Co-extruded laminates comprising a cap layer of the composition are also described.
A process of producing methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof including the following steps: (a) biologically converting isobutyryl-CoA into methacrylyl-CoA by the action of an oxidase; and (b) converting methacrylyl-CoA into methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof. The invention also extends to microorganisms adapted to conduct the steps of the process.
A process of producing methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof including the following steps: (a) biologically converting isobutyryl-CoA into methacrylyl-CoA by the action of an oxidase; and (b) converting methacrylyl-CoA into methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof. The invention also extends to microorganisms adapted to conduct the steps of the process.
The present invention relates to a process for the production of methyl methacrylate. The process of the present invention comprises the steps of: a) providing a microorganism in a fermentation medium, under conditions which said microorganism will produce a C3-C12 methacrylate ester; b) providing an organic phase in contact with the fermentation medium, said organic phase including C3-C12 methacrylate ester in a higher concentration than that in the fermentation medium; c) removing organic phase containing the said C3-C12 methacrylate ester from contact with the fermentation medium; and d) transesterifying the removed C3-C12 methacrylate ester with methanol, optionally after separation from the organic phase, to produce methyl methacrylate.
A process for the production of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid ester, preferably an a,ß ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid ester is described. The process takes place by the reaction of formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a carboxylic acid ester in the presence of a basic metal methyl carbonate co-reactant, wherein the process produces a second basic metal salt and wherein the process includes the step of contacting the second basic metal salt with: a)carbon dioxide (CO2) and optionally, methanol, and/or b)dimethyl carbonate, to regenerate the basic metal methyl carbonate co-reactant. The invention includes use of carbon dioxide and/or dimethyl carbonate to regenerate a basic metal methyl carbonate.
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
The present invention relates to a process for the production of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester, preferably α,ß ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters, by the liquid phase reaction of formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a non-cyclic carboxylic acid ester in the presence of a basic metal salt.
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
There is described a composition for synthetic stone. The composition having (a) 3 to 25wt % acrylic resin, the acrylic resin having:- (i) >50 upto 95 wt% methyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate monomer residues, (ii) 4 to 40wt% higher boiling point mono(alk)acrylate monomer, (iii) optionally, 0 to 10 wt% other acrylate or vinyl comonomer residues, and(iv) a crosslinking agent. The MMA residues of component (a)(i) are present in the acrylic resin in the form of a MMA residue containing (co)polymer, comprising at least 80% residues of MMA by weight of the (co)polymer. The composition further having (b) 70 to 95 wt% filler; and (c) optionally, a coupling agent. The composition being especially useful for the manufacture of synthetic stone for use in outdoor applications.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
19 - Non-metallic building materials
Goods & Services
Chemicals used in industry; unprocessed artificial resins; unprocessed plastics; acrylic monomers; plastics in the form of suspensions or solutions for use in industrial processes, including such plastics containing acrylic compounds; dispersions of plastics. Paints, varnishes, lacquers; preservatives against rust and against deterioration of wood; wood preserving substances. Building materials (non-metallic); coverings for buildings; building glass and building safety glass; window louvres and panels for use in building; aquaria structures including glazing for aquaria structures; coverings, except floor coverings and floor tiles; facings and sidings including vinyl sidings; door frames and door panels; mouldable wood; signs; parts and fittings for all the aforesaid goods.
51.
Process for production of a silica-supported alkali metal catalyst
B01J 23/92 - Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups
B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
B01J 38/64 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using alkaline materialLiquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using salts
G06F 11/36 - Prevention of errors by analysis, debugging or testing of software
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
52.
PROCESS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF METHACRYLIC ACID AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF
The invention relates to a process of producing methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof comprising the following steps: (a) biologically converting isobutyryl-CoA into methacrylyl-CoA by the action of an oxidase; and (b) converting methacrylyl-CoA into methacrylic acid and/or derivatives thereof. The invention also extends to microorganisms adapted to conduct the steps of the process.
C12P 19/32 - Nucleotides having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two nitrogen atoms in the same-ring, e.g. purine nucleotides, nicotineamide-adenine dinucleotide
53.
A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS OR ESTERS
The present invention relates to a process for the production of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester,preferably .alpha.,.beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters, by the liquid phase reaction of formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a non-cyclic carboxylic acid ester in the presence of a basic metal salt.
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
54.
Nitrided mixed oxide catalyst system and a process for the production of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters
1 is selected from the metals of group 2, 3, 4, 13 (called also IIIA) or 14 (called also IVA) of the periodic table and M2 is selected from the metals of groups 5 or 15 (called also VA) of the periodic table.
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
A hardenable multi-part acrylic composition comprises a solid first part and a storage stable liquid second part and optionally, further solid and/or liquid parts, the parts being operable to form a cement which hardens to a solid mass upon mixing. The composition further comprises an acrylic monomer component in the second part, an initiator component, a first sub-population of acrylic polymer particles in the first and/or further parts, a second sub-population of acrylic polymer particles in the first and/or further parts and optionally, one or more further sub-population(s) of acrylic polymer particles, and a radiopacifying filler. The initiator component amount is effective to polymerize the acrylic monomer component upon mixing. At least some of the radiopacifying filler is encapsulated within and/or adsorbed on the first sub-population of acrylic polymer particles and the second sub-population of acrylic polymer particles has a lower average particle size than the first.
A61L 27/16 - Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A61L 27/50 - Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
A61L 24/06 - Surgical adhesives or cementsAdhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
A61L 24/00 - Surgical adhesives or cementsAdhesives for colostomy devices
C08F 265/06 - Polymerisation of acrylate or methacrylate esters on to polymers thereof
C09J 4/06 - Adhesives based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups
C09J 133/12 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
The invention relates to a hardenable multi-part liquid acrylic composition. The composition comprises a storage stable liquid first part, a storage stable liquid second part and optionally, a third or further liquid parts. The parts are operable to form a cement which hardens to a solid upon mixing of the parts together. The composition comprises an acrylic monomer component, an initiator component, acrylic polymer particles and a radiopacifying filler. The initiator component is present in an amount of effective to polymerize the acrylic monomer component upon being mixed and/or activated therewith. At least some of the radiopacifying filler is encapsulated within and/or adsorbed on the acrylic polymer particles in a liquid part. The invention extends to an at least twin barreled syringe or caulking gun accommodating the multi-part composition, a method of producing the multi-part composition, a composition for use as bone cement composition or in dental repairs, a liquid composition comprising a first sub-population of emulsion or non-emulsion polymerized acrylic polymer particles and radiopacifying filler encapsulated and/or adsorbed in the first sub-population of acrylic polymer particles and bone cement compositions or dental compositions.
2− phosphate or mixtures thereof. The group II metal may be selected from Ca, Sr, Ba or mixtures thereof, for example, strontium hydroxyapatite and calcium hydroxyapatite. A catalyst system comprising a crystalline metal phosphate catalyst and a catalyst support is also described. The metal phosphate has rod/needle like morphology.
B01J 27/18 - PhosphorusCompounds thereof containing oxygen with metals
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C07C 67/30 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
B01J 23/02 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
B01J 23/10 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of rare earths
C08L 69/00 - Compositions of polycarbonatesCompositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
C08J 5/04 - Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
C08L 33/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
C08L 33/12 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
C08L 51/04 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bondsCompositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
A method of extracting (meth)acrylic acid from an aqueous reaction medium into an organic phase in contact therewith is described. The aqueous reaction medium is formed from at least one base catalyst and at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from maleic, fumaric, malic, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic, and citramalic acid or mixtures thereof in aqueous solution and contains the base catalyzed decarboxylation products of the base catalyzed reaction. The method includes either the addition of at least one of the said dicarboxylic acids and/or a pre-cursor thereof to the aqueous reaction medium to enhance the solvent extraction of the (meth)acrylic acid into the organic solvent or maintaining the level of base catalyst to dicarboxylic acid and/or pre-cursor at a sub-stoichiometric level during the extraction process. The method extends to a process of producing (meth)acrylic acid, its esters and polymers and copolymers thereof.
C07C 69/00 - Esters of carboxylic acidsEsters of carbonic or haloformic acids
C07C 51/48 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by liquid-liquid treatment
C07C 51/38 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups by decarboxylation
2− phosphate or mixtures thereof. The group II metal may be selected from Ca, Sr, Ba or mixtures thereof, for example, strontium hydroxyapatite and calcium hydroxyapatite. A catalyst system comprising a crystalline metal phosphate catalyst and a catalyst support is also described. The metal phosphate has rod/needle like morphology.
C07C 67/30 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
B01J 27/18 - PhosphorusCompounds thereof containing oxygen with metals
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
B01J 38/64 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using alkaline materialLiquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using salts
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
G06F 11/36 - Prevention of errors by analysis, debugging or testing of software
62.
Continuous process for the carbonylation of ethylene
A continuous process for the production of an alkyl ester product is described. The process includes the steps of carbonylating ethylene with carbon monoxide in the presence of C1-6 alkanol co-reactant to form the alkyl ester product. The carbonylation takes place in the presence of a catalyst system that includes (a) a bidentate ligand, (b) a catalytic metal selected from a group 8, 9 or 10 metal or a compound thereof, and (c) a sulphonic acid capable of forming an acid alkyl ester with the C1-6 alkanol. The process includes the step of separating the alkyl ester product from a carbonylated crude product stream by treatment effective to vaporizing the alkyl ester product in a single stage flash distillation column and providing a purified alkyl ester product stream separated from the bidentate ligand and catalytic metal.
Disclosed are methods for dehydrating a water containing source of formaldehyde in which water is separated from the water containing source of formaldehyde using a zeolite membrane. In certain aspects, the water containing source of formaldehyde includes a separation enhancer having a relative static permittivity ranging from 2.5 to 20, and the water containing source of formaldehyde may further include methanol. In certain aspects, (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester may be produced using the dehydrated source of formaldehyde.
C07C 45/78 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C07C 67/56 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by solid-liquid treatmentSeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by chemisorption
A hardenable two part acrylic composition is described for the treatment of human or animal bone is described. The composition comprises a storage stable liquid first part and a storage stable liquid second part which react with each other upon mixing to form a cement which hardens. The composition further comprises an acrylic monomer component and an initiator component in an amount effective to polymerize the monomer component. The monomer component and the initiator component are generally located in separate parts of the two part composition so that the monomer component is storage stable. The liquid first part comprises emulsion polymerized acrylic polymer particles in a liquid carrier. A method of producing a hardenable two part acrylic composition is also described. The composition is particularly useful in a syringe or caulking gun having at least two barrels.
A method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated, typically, an α, β ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester is described. The method comprises the steps of contacting formaldehyde, or a source of formaldehyde, with a carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of a catalyst and optionally in the presence of an alcohol. The catalyst comprises barium phosphate leaf or plate shaped/like crystals, or a source thereof. A catalyst system is also described. The catalyst system comprises a crystalline barium phosphate catalyst and optionally a catalyst support.
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
C07C 67/317 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
B01J 27/18 - PhosphorusCompounds thereof containing oxygen with metals
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
66.
Process for the treatment of an ion exchange resin
B01J 49/60 - Cleaning or rinsing ion-exchange beds
B01J 49/00 - Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangersApparatus therefor
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C07C 67/60 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by treatment giving rise to chemical modification
B01J 49/50 - Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangersApparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents
B01J 49/53 - Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangersApparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents for cationic exchangers
67.
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF A SILICA-SUPPORTED ALKALI METAL CATALYST
A process for regenerating a silica-supported depleted alkali metal catalyst is described. The level of alkali metal on the depleted catalyst is at least 0.5 mol% and the silica support is a zero-gel. The process comprises the steps of contacting the silica supported depleted alkali metal catalyst with a solution of a salt of the alkali metal in a solvent system that has a polar organic solvent as the majority component. A re-impregnated catalyst prepared by the process of the invention any comprising a silicazero-gel support and a catalytic metal selected from an alkali metal in the range 0.5-5 mol % on the catalyst, wherein the surface area of the silica support is <180m2/g is also described. The invention is applicable to a process for preparing an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester comprising contacting an alkanoic acid or ester of the formula R1-CH2-COOR3, with formaldehyde or a suitable source of formaldehyde.
A method of extracting (meth)acrylic acid from an aqueous reaction medium into an organic phase in contact therewith is described. The aqueous reaction medium is formed from at least one base catalyst and at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from maleic, fumaric, malic, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic, and citramalic acid or mixtures thereof in aqueous solution and contains the base catalysed decarboxylation products of the base catalysed reaction. The method includes either the addition of at least one of the said dicarboxylic acids and/or a pre-cursor thereof to the aqueous reaction medium to enhance the solvent extraction of the (meth)acrylic acid into the organic solvent or maintaining the level of base catalyst to dicarboxylic acid and/or pre-cursor at a sub-stoichiometric level during the extraction process. The method extends to a process of producing (meth)acrylic acid, its esters and polymers and copolymers thereof.
C07C 67/08 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
C07C 51/48 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by liquid-liquid treatment
C07C 51/38 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups by decarboxylation
A process for the production of methacrylic acid is described. The process comprises the base catalysed decarboxylation of at least one or a mixture of dicarboxylic acids selected from itaconic, citraconic or mesaconic acid. The decarboxylation is carried out in the range greater than 240 and up to 275° C. to provide high selectivity. The methacrylic acid product may be esterified to produce an ester. A method of preparing polymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid or methacrylic acid esters using the process is also described. Optionally, the process may be preceded with a decarboxylation and, if necessary, a dehydration step on a source of pre-acid such as citric acid or isocitric acid.
C07B 37/06 - Decomposition, e.g. elimination of carbon dioxide
C07C 51/38 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups by decarboxylation
C07C 67/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
A method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated, typically,an .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester is described. The method comprises the steps of contacting formaldehyde, or a source of formaldehyde, with a carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of a catalyst and optionally in the presence of an alcohol. The catalyst comprises barium phosphate leaf or plate shaped/like crystals, or a source thereof.A catalyst system is also described. The catalyst system comprises a crystalline barium phosphate catalyst and optionally a catalyst support.
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
71.
Mixed oxide catalyst and a process for the production of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters
th periods of the periodic table. The production includes reacting formaldehyde with a carboxylic acid or esterin the presence of the catalyst effective to catalyze the reaction.
C07C 67/30 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
C07C 51/347 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
B01J 23/10 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of rare earths
B01J 23/08 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of gallium, indium or thallium
B01J 23/16 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
72.
A CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR THE CARBONYLATION OF ETHYLENE
A continuous process for the production of an alkyl ester product is described. The process comprises the steps of carbonylating ethylene with carbon monoxide in the presence of C1-6 alkanol co-reactant to form the alkyl ester product. The carbonylation takes place in the presence of a catalyst system comprising; a. a bidentate ligand, b. a catalytic metal selected from a group 8, 9 or 10 metal or a compound thereof, and c. a sulphonic acid capable of forming an acid alkyl ester with the C1-6 alkanol. The process includes the step of separating the alkyl ester product from a carbonylated crude product stream by treatment effective to vaporise the alkyl ester product in a single stage flash distillation column and provide a purified alkyl ester product stream separated from the bidentate ligand and catalytic metal. The distillation column includes further separation means effective to provide further separation of the product.
C07C 67/38 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates by addition to an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond
C07C 67/48 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
C07C 67/62 - Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
C07C 69/24 - Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety esterified with monohydroxylic compounds
73.
Nitrided mixed oxide catalyst system and a process for the production of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters
1 is selected from the metals of group 2, 3, 4, 13 (called also IIIA) or 14 (called also IVA) of the periodic table and M2 is selected from the metals of groups 5 or 15 (called also VA) of the periodic table. The invention extends to a catalyst system.
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
B01J 27/18 - PhosphorusCompounds thereof containing oxygen with metals
C07D 307/02 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
B01J 31/02 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
C07F 9/6568 - Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
B01J 31/04 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
C07F 17/02 - Metallocenes of metals of Groups 8, 9 or 10 of the Periodic Table
(b) a ligand of general formula (I)
wherein the ethylene:CO gas molar ratio in the gaseous phase is between 20:1 and 1000:1 or wherein the molar ratio of ethylene:CO in the liquid phase is greater than 10:1.
A method of extracting (meth)acrylic acid from an aqueous reaction medium into an organic phase in contact therewith is described. The aqueous reaction medium is formed from at least one base catalyst and at least one dicarboxylic acid selected from maleic, fumaric, malic, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic, and citramalic acid or mixtures thereof in aqueous solution and contains the base catalysed decarboxylation products of the base catalysed reaction. The method includes either the addition of at least one of the said dicarboxylic acids and/or a pre-cursor thereof to the aqueous reaction medium to enhance the solvent extraction of the (meth)acrylic acid into the organic solvent or maintaining the level of base catalyst to dicarboxylic acid and/or pre-cursor at a sub-stoichiometric level during the extraction process. The method extends to a process of producing (meth)acrylic acid, its esters and polymers and copolymers thereof.
C07C 51/38 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups by decarboxylation
C07C 51/48 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by liquid-liquid treatment
A method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester such as (meth) acrylic acid or alkyl esters thereof, for example, methyl methacrylate is described. The process comprises the steps of contacting formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a carboxylic acid or ester, for example, propionic acid or alkyl esters thereof in the presence of a catalyst and optionally an alcohol. The catalyst comprises group II metal phosphate crystals having rod or needle like morphology or a suitable source thereof. The phosphate may be a hydroxyapatite, pyrophosphate, hydroxyphosphate, PO4 2-phosphate or mixtures thereof. The group II metal may be selected from Ca, Sr, Ba or mixtures thereof, for example, strontium hydroxyapatite and calcium hydroxyapatite. A catalyst system comprising a crystalline metal phosphate catalyst and a catalyst support is also described. The metal phosphate has rod/needle like morphology.
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groupsPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
78.
Process for the treatment of an ion exchange resin
The invention relates to a catalyst for the reaction of formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a carboxylic acid or ester to produce an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester. The catalyst comprises a metal oxide having at least two types of metal cations, M1 and M2. M1 is at least one metal selected from group 3 or 4 in the 4th to 6th periods of the periodic table, group 13 in the 3rd to 5th periods of the periodic table, or the remaining elements in the lanthanide series and M2 is at least one metal selected from group 5 in the 5th or 6th periods of the periodic table or group 15 in the 4th or 5th periods of the periodic table. The invention extends to a process to produce an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester.
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
The invention relates to a method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester, preferably an a, ß ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester. The method includes contacting formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of a catalyst and optionally in the presence of an alcohol. The catalyst comprises a nitrided metal oxide having at least two types of metal cations, M1 and M2, wherein M1 is selected from the metals of group 2, 3, 4, 13 (called also IIIA) or 14 (called also IVA) of the periodic table and M2 is selected from the metals of groups 5 or 15 (called also VA) of the periodic table. The invention extends to a catalyst system.
C01B 21/082 - Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
12 hydrocarbons or H; X is either O or S; n is an integer from, 1 to 100; and m is 1 or 2: The compound of formula I may be suitable source of formaldehyde.
A hardenable two part acrylic composition, a polymer component of the two part hardenable composition and a method of producing a polymer component of the two part composition are disclosed. The hardenable two part acrylic composition includes an acrylic polymer composition first part and an acrylic monomer composition second part. The acrylic polymer composition first part includes a first type of acrylic polymer particles wherein each first type of acrylic polymer particle is formed of a network of coalesced emulsion polymerized acrylic microparticles or is macroporous. The acrylic polymer composition may include emulsion polymerised acrylic polymer particles of particle size between 10 and 2000 nm and includes the use of acrylic polymer particles formed of a network of coalesced emulsion polymerized acrylic microparticles as a dough time reduction agent in a hardenable two part acrylic composition.
A novel bidentate ligand of general formula (I) is described together with a process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds. The group X1 may be defined as a univalent hydrocarbyl radical of up to 30 atoms containing at least one nitrogen atom having a pKb in dilute aqueous solution at 18°C of between 4 and 14 wherein the said at least one nitrogen atom is separated from the Q2 atom by between 1 and 3 carbon atoms. The group X2 is defined as X1, X3 or X4 or represents a univalent radical of up to 30 atoms having at least one primary, secondary or aromatic ring carbon atom wherein each said univalent radical is joined via said at least one primary, secondary or aromatic ring carbon atom(s) respectively to the respective atom Q2. Q1 and Q2 each independently represent phosphorus, arsenic or antimony.
B01J 31/04 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
A continuous process for carbonylation of ethylene in a liquid phase using carbon monoxide, a co-reactant and a suitable catalyst system is described. The process comprises the steps of: (i) forming a liquid phase comprising the co-reactant and a suitable catalyst system obtainable by combining: (a) a group VIII metal/compound; (b) a ligand of general formula (I) and c) optionally, a source of anions; wherein Q1 is optionally phosphorous; (ii) forming a gaseous phase in contact with the liquid phase by providing at least an ethylene gas input feed stream and a carbon monoxide gas input feed stream wherein the ethylene:CO molar ratio entering the liquid phase from the input feed streams is greater than 2:1; (iii) reacting ethylene with carbon monoxide in the presence of the co-reactant, and of the suitable catalyst system in the liquid phase; wherein the ethylene:CO gas molar ratio in the gaseous phase is between 20:1 and 1000:1 or wherein the molar ratio of ethylene:CO in the liquid phase is greater than 10:1.
C07C 67/38 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates by addition to an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond
C07C 69/24 - Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety esterified with monohydroxylic compounds
85.
Process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, novel carbonylation ligands and catalyst systems incorporating such ligands
2 each represent phosphorus, arsenic or antimony. A process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds comprising reacting the compound with carbon monoxide in the presence of a source of hydroxyl groups, optionally, a source of anions and catalyst system obtainable by combining a metal of Group 8, 9 or 10 or a compound thereof and the bidentate ligand of general formula (I) is also described.
4 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group, in the presence of a catalyst system to produce an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester product. The process is characterised in that the acid or ester product is subsequently contacted with a dienophile to thereby remove discolouration therefrom. An ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester crude product purification process is also described.
A process for the reactivation of an acidic ion exchange resin is described. The invention relates to the treatment of an at least partially deactivated resin which has been deactivated by contact with an impure ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester containing target impurities. The reactivation includes the step of contacting the at least partially deactivated resin with an alcohol to thereby increase the activity thereof. The invention extends to reactivating a resin deactivated by contact with an impure ethylenically unsaturated acid, ester or nitrile containing target impurities by contacting the at least partially deactivated resin with an alcohol and a carboxylic acid to thereby increase the activity thereof. A reactivated resin and a process for preparing and purifying an ethylenically unsaturated acid or ester of the following formula:- R1-C(=(CH2)m)-COOR2 are also described.
B01J 49/50 - Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangersApparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents
C07C 51/353 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by change of size of the carbon skeleton
C07C 51/47 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by solid-liquid treatmentSeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by chemisorption
C07C 67/343 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisationPreparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
C07C 67/56 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by solid-liquid treatmentSeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by chemisorption
A composition comprising a mixture of: (i) an aromatic polycarbonate; (ii) a graft copolymer including polyacrylonitrile; and, (iii) a non-crosslinked acrylic polymer having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of less than or equal to 65,000 Daltons (Da).
C08L 69/00 - Compositions of polycarbonatesCompositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
C08J 5/04 - Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
C08L 33/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
C08L 33/12 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
C08L 51/04 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bondsCompositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
A process for purifying methyl methacrylate (MMA) is described. The process involves contacting liquid MMA having impurities therein with a sulphonic acid resin, in the presence of formaldehyde or a suitable source of methylene or ethylene of formula I. R5 and R6 are independently selected from C1-C12 hydrocarbons or H; X is either O or S; n is an integer from, 1 to 100; and m is 1 or 2: The compound of formula I may be suitable source of formaldehyde.
2 each independently represent phosphorus, arsenic, or antimony. A catalyst system and a process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds utilizing the catalyst system are also described.
A novel bidentate catalytic ligand of general formula (I) is described R represents a hydrocarbyl aromatic structure having at least one aromatic ring to which Q1 and Q2 are each linked, via the respective linking group, if present, on available adjacent atoms of the at least one aromatic ring The groups X3 and X4 represent radicals joined via tertiary carbon atoms to the respective atom Q1 and the groups X1 and X2 represent radicals joined via primary, or substituted aromatic ring carbon atom(s) to the respective atom Q2 A and B represent an optional lower alkylene linking group Q1 and Q2 each represent phosphorus, arsenic or antimony A process for the carbonylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds comprising reacting the compound with carbon monoxide in the presence of a source of hydroxyl groups, optionally, a source of anions and catalyst system obtainable by combining a metal of Group 8, 9 or 10 or a compound thereof and the bidentate ligand of general formula (I) is also described.
An acrylic polymeric composition comprising a melt blend of a thermoplastic high molecular weight acrylic material (HMWA) and a thermoplastic low molecular weight acrylic material (LMWA) is described. At least 70% w/w of the HMWA and the LMWA comprises an alkyl (alk)acrylate (co)polymer. The HMWA has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of between 40 k Daltons and 1000 k Daltons and the LMWA has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of between the entanglement molecular weight (Me) (expressed in k Daltons) and 250 k Daltons. A method of producing an acrylic polymeric composition and the use of an acrylic polymeric composition are described together with thick section molded products.
The present invention provides a catalyst system capable of catalyzing the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, which system is obtainable by combining: a) a metal of Group VIB or Group VIIIB or a compound thereof, b) a bidentate phosphine, arsine or stibine ligand, and c) an acid, wherein said ligand is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said metal or said metal in said metal compound, and that said acid is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said ligand, a process for the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, a reaction medium, and use of the system.
C07C 51/14 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in organic compounds
C07C 67/38 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates by addition to an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond
A continuous carbonylation process for high turnover carbonylation, and a carbonylation reaction medium and product stream thereof . The process comprises carbonylating an ethylenically unsaturated compound with carbon monoxide in the presence of a source of hydroxyl groups and a catalyst system. The catalyst system comprising: (a) a bidentate phosphine, arsine or stibine ligand; and (b) a catalytic metal selected from a group VIB or group VIIIB metal or a compound thereof . The catalytically active concentration of said catalytic metal, measured as the ACCF (product Kg . hr-1. Dm-3 ) , is maintained at less than 0.5.
C07C 51/14 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in organic compounds
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
Goods & Services
Chemicals used in industry; unprocessed artificial resins, unprocessed plastics, synthetic resins, moulding powders. Synthetic resins, semi manufactured goods in the form of sheets, rods, tubes and shaped pieces.
An acrylic polymeric composition comprising a melt blend of a thermoplastic high molecular weight acrylic material (HMWA) and a thermoplastic low molecular weight acrylic material (LMWA) is described. At least 70% w/w of the HMWA and the LMWA comprises an alkyl (alk) acrylate ( co) polymer. The HMWA has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of between 40k Daltons and 1000k Daltons and the LMWA has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of between the entanglement molecular weight (Me) (expressed in k Daltons) and 250k Daltons. A method of producing an acrylic polymeric composition and the use of an acrylic polymeric composition are described together with thick section moulded products .
The present invention provides a catalyst system capable of catalysing the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, which system is obtainable by combining: a) a metal of Group VIB or Group VIIIB or a compound thereof, b) a bidentate phosphine, arsine or stibine ligand, and c) an acid, wherein said ligand is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said metal or said metal in said metal compound, and that said acid is present in at least a 2:1 molar excess compared to said ligand, a process for the carbonylation of an ethylenically unsaturated compound, a reaction medium, and use of the system.
C07C 51/14 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in organic compounds
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
10 - Medical apparatus and instruments
12 - Land, air and water vehicles; parts of land vehicles
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
19 - Non-metallic building materials
27 - Floor and wall coverings
28 - Games; toys; sports equipment
Goods & Services
Synthetic resinous plastic; synthetic and artificial resins; raw plastics materials; including all of the aforesaid being powders, pastes, liquids, emulsions, dispersions, chips or granulates; adhesives for use in industry; ink resins. Paints, varnishes, lacquers and overcoats; preservatives against rust; protective preparations for metals; stain preventers; printing ink and ink for copiers and photocopiers. Preparations and substances for use in dentistry; dental polymers; dental cements; dental filling and dental stopping preparations; dental preparations; adhesives for dentures. Surgical, medical, dental and veterinary apparatus and instruments, artificial limbs, eyes and teeth; orthopedic appliances; orthopaedic articles; suture materials; parts and fittings for all the aforesaid goods; adhesives for surgical, medical, dental and veterinary purposes. Protective covers and coatings for transport including such covers and coatings to protect exposed surfaces such as the underside of motor vehicles. Adhesives for stationery or household purposes. Semi-finished artificial resins and acrylic resin products; seals; goods made from plastics substances included in class 17. Non-metallic building materials; floor coverings and floor tiles; coverings for buildings. Floor coverings; coverings for existing floors. Artificial snow and spray string.
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
02 - Paints, varnishes, lacquers
03 - Cosmetics and toiletries; cleaning, bleaching, polishing and abrasive preparations
05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
07 - Machines and machine tools
10 - Medical apparatus and instruments
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Chemicals used in science, agriculture and horticulture; plastics in the form of suspensions or solutions for use in industrial processes, inlcuding such plastics containing acrylic compounds; unprocessed resins; stain and tarnish inhibiting and preventing chemicals and polymers; ink resins; mould release preparations and moulding preparations; chemicals for use in combinatorial syntheses; chemical reagents; biochemical and chemical catalysts; test chemical and reagents; polymers; polymers of solid supports media; resin beads; polystyrenes; polymers for combinatorial chemical syntheses, biochemical syntheses, nucleic acid syntheses and peptide syntheses. Enamels, ink, wood preservatives. Hairsprays, hair lotions, hair colourants and hair restoring products. Veterinary and sanitary preparations and substances; plasters, materials for dressings; material for filling and stopping teeth; dental polymers; dental preparations, adhesives for dentures; moulding wax; chemicals and reagents for veterinary purposes; nucleic acids; peptides; hoof beak and bone repair preparations; polymer components of bone cements for orthopaedic surgery. Moulding machines and moulds including such moulding machines and moulds for making, such as by casting, vanities, plates, bowls and other mouldedd ceramic articles; part and fittings for all the aforesaid goods. Orthodontic and dental apparatus; dental prosthetic implants and artificial jaws; artificial and orthopaedic medical components and appliances; dentures and artificial teeth and artificial limbs; parts and fittings for all of the aforesaid goods; bone replacement preparations and cranial repair preparations; adhesives and modelling materials for surgical, medical, dental and veterinary purposes; including all of the aforesaid goods made of polymers. Book binding material; artists materials, plastics materials for packaging (not including in other classes) modelling materials including modelling polymer; adhesive for stationery and household purpose. Materials used to caulk and seal; stopping, packing, padding and insulating materials; semi-finished artificial resins and acrylic resin products; goods made from plastic substances included in Class 17. Scientific consultancy services; chemicals and chemistry consultancy services; combinatorial chemistry and chemical consultancy services; chemical, pharmaceutical, medical, veterinary and biotechnological research services; designing chemical libraries; combinatorial chemistry syntheses services; preparation of scientific reports relating to chemicals, catalysts, nucleic acids and peptides; preparation of polymers and solid support media; polymer consultancy services.
