This solar thermal collector device (10), when controlling a collector (20) on the basis of a trajectory directly opposite the sun, performs a step-like control in which the collector stops at predetermined time intervals at a given angle on the basis of the trajectory and the angle is then changed; calculates the amount of heat collected by the receiver (30) during the control period; performs a trajectory detection test in which the time at which the amount of heat collected by the receiver (30) is at the maximum, and the setting angle of the collector (20) at this time, are obtained; and, if the difference between the setting angle of the collector at the time obtained in the trajectory detection test and the setting angle in the trajectory calculation obtained through changing the parameter relating to installation error is smaller than a predetermined value, determines a parameter; and controls the driving system (50) at the setting angle calculated after making a correction on the basis of the determined parameter.
F24S 50/20 - Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
F24S 23/74 - Arrangements for concentrating solar rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
A cooling system (100) includes a cooling tower (1) that cools chilled water by means of free cooling, an inverter-driven cooling fan (6) with which the cooling tower (1) is provided, and a heat exchanger (2) that exchanges heat between cooling water that has been cooled by the cooling tower (1) and cold water the temperature of which has been raised by a load device (3). In addition, the cooling system is equipped with a simulator that sets the bias frequency of the cooling fan (6) for each wet-bulb temperature of the outside air and for each load of the load device (3), and a control device (71) which is formed having a calculation control unit (72) that calculates the actual measured value for the wet-bulb temperature and the actual measured value for the load, and which, of the bias frequencies set by the simulator, outputs a bias frequency that corresponds to the actual measured value for the wet-bulb temperature and the actual measured value for the load as the drive frequency of the cooling fan (6).
A solar energy utilization system having a solar cell is configured so that the solar cell is effectively cooled and so that heat generated by the solar cell is effectively utilized. A solar energy utilization system is provided with a solar cell (10). A heat collection device (12) for collecting heat generated by the solar cell is provided on the reverse surface from the light receiving surface of the solar cell. The heat collecting device has a stack structure formed by stacking a heat collection plate (30), a seal means (32), and a support plate (40) on one another. The thermal conductivity of the heat collection plate is higher than the thermal conductivity of both the seal means and the support plate.
F24J 2/00 - Use of solar heat, e.g. solar heat collectors (distillation or evaporation of water using solar energy C02F 1/14;roof covering aspects of energy collecting devices E04D 13/18;devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy F03G 6/00;semiconductor devices specially adapted for converting solar energy into electrical energy H01L 31/00;photovoltaic [PV] cells including means directly associated with the PV cell to utilise heat energy H01L 31/525;PV modules including means associated with the PV module to utilise heat energy H02S 40/44)
4.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING PURIFIED LACTIC ACID SOLUTION
The invention is capable of concentrating calcium lactate in a solution containing lactic acid obtained by fermentation in the form of calcium lactate at low cost and reduces the thermal degradation of impurities and the optical isomerization of lactic acid. A calcium lactate-containing solution containing lactic acid obtained by fermentation in the form of calcium lactate is subjected to concentration and purification by a method comprising (1) a step of concentrating calcium lactate by removing water contained in the calcium lactate-containing solution from the solution with a reverse osmotic membrane, (2) a step of separating calcium as calcium sulfate by adding sulfuric acid to the thus obtained concentrated liquid of calcium lactate after the step of concentration with a reverse osmotic membrane, and (3) a step of removing soluble impurities by ion exchange after the step of separation of calcium sulfate.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive method for removing impurities in waste glycerin produced in a process for manufacturing a biodiesel fuel in order to prevent pipe blockage from occurring in pipes for a supercritical water reaction when acrolein is synthesized by forcing supercritical water and acid to act on glycerin. In order to achieve the abovementioned purpose, this glycerin purification method is characterized by comprising: a step for removing alcohol and moisture by heating glycerin containing an alkali metal, alcohol, an organic fatty acid and water content under reduced pressure; a step for neutralizing the glycerin from which the alcohol and water content has been removed by adding sulfuric acid to the glycerin; a step for performing centrifugation on the neutralized glycerin to separate and remove the organic fatty acid and alkali metal sulfate; a step for adding and mixing an alkali earth metal sulfate to the glycerin recovered by centrifugation; and a step for performing centrifugation on the glycerin to which the alkali earth metal sulfate was added and mixed in with so as to separate and remove the alkali metal sulfate and the alkali earth metal salt of the organic fatty acid.
Operation information which is provided from a construction DB server, assists an operation relating to a cable to which the operation is allowed, and is previously associated with a cable ID, is downloaded to a PDA which an operator carries. An RFID tag reader of a PDA is used to read information of an RFID integrated with a name indication card attached to a helmet possessed by the operator, and to read a cable ID of a cable from an index seal provided with an RFID and attached to an end of the cable. On the basis of the cable ID, operation information regarding the corresponding cable is acquired from among the downloaded operation information, and is displayed on a display means of the PDA. Each operator works with reference to operation assistance information displayed on the display means of the PDA, and when the operation is finished, RFID information of the operator is recorded again, to perform an association between the operation and the operation information at different times, and thereby, increase the reliability regarding history management.
G06Q 50/00 - Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
The invention is designed to make water treatment equipment more compact and reduces equipment costs. The water treatment device (10) accommodates a first treatment unit (50), which performs a first treatment of seawater, and a second treatment unit (52), which performs a second treatment of the seawater treated by the first treatment unit (50), in a mutually parallel configuration in a container. Eliminating the piping connecting the first treatment unit (50) to the second treatment unit (52) is a design to make the equipment more compact and can also reduce equipment cost.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for arranging nozzle holes of a collector nozzle in an airborne microorganism collection device, whereby, in the case of rotating a petri dish containing a support and, at the same time, allowing airborne microorganisms, which are contained in air sucked in through the nozzle holes formed in the collector nozzle, to stick to the surface of said support because of inertia, a depression in the support is minimized. In an airborne microorganism collection device, a petri dish (3) containing a support (2) is rotated and, at the same time, airborne microorganisms, which are contained in air sucked in through nozzle holes (11) formed in a collector nozzle (1), are stuck to the surface of the support (2) because of inertia. The nozzle holes (11) of the collector nozzle (1) are arranged using uniform random numbers so as to uniformize the density of the nozzle holes (11) per unit area.
A cooling system adjusts the temperature of air blown from evaporators by adjusting the opening of a flow rate adjustment valve that adjusts the flow rate of coolant flowing in a cooling coil, and is provided with: a plurality of evaporators which each use a fan to suck the heated air discharged from a plurality of electronic equipment provided inside an equipment room, cool that air by heat exchange with the coolant flowing inside the cooling coil, and then blow cold air into the equipment room; and a condenser which is provided above the plurality of evaporators and which cools the coolant that circulates naturally between the evaporators. An apparatus for operating the cooling system when in an abnormal state is characterised in being provided with: a deviation information detection means which successively detects, for each of the plurality of evaporators, the deviation between the maximum cooling capacity and the current cooling capacity during operation; and a fan control means which reduces the speed of or stops the rotation of the fan for evaporators among the plurality of evaporators having deviation information which exceeds a preset abnormality set value.
Provided is a ship which can receive, as ballast water from outside of the ship, seawater or freshwater from a water zone where the ship floats and freshwater supplied from outside of the water zone, and which can discharge the ballast water to outside of the ship. In order to achieve this, a ship-side receiving and distributing water inlet for receiving freshwater supplied from outside of the water zone communicates, through pipes and valves, with water intake ports of ballast water conveyance pumps (9L, 9R) provided in the ship for receiving, conveying, and discharging seawater or freshwater from the water zone where the ship floats as ballast water. In addition, the receiving and distributing water inlet communicates, through pipes and valves, with discharge ports of the ballast water conveyance pumps (9L, 9R).
Disclosed are a series of processes for producing a biofuel, which include a technique wherein carbon dioxide serving as a carbon source is converted into a biomass by photosynthesis by photosynthetic microorganisms and the production of a biofuel is carried out after that. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing a biofuel, which is characterized by comprising: a culture step (S1) wherein photosynthetic microorganisms that accumulate a fat or oil and a carbohydrate in the cells thereof are cultured in a broth; a fat or oil conversion step (S2) wherein the carbohydrate accumulated in the cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms, which have been cultured in the broth, is converted into a fat or oil; an extraction step (S3) wherein the oil or fat is extracted from the cells of the photosynthetic microorganisms; and a modification step (S4) wherein the extracted fat or oil is modified.
C12P 1/00 - Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups , by using microorganisms or enzymesGeneral processes for the preparation of compounds or compositions by using microorganisms or enzymes
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C12P 7/64 - FatsFatty oilsEster-type waxesHigher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl groupOxidised oils or fats
13.
PIPE COUPLING METHOD, PIPE EXTENSION JIG, AND PIPE EXTENSION METHOD USING PIPE EXTENSION JIG
Disclosed is a pipe coupling method that does not require joints during pipe coupling and which can reduce the coupling time required. The pipe coupling method has: a blocking step, wherein an open end section of a first pipe (10a) of two pipes is blocked and an open end section of a second pipe (10b) is partially blocked; a pipe extension step, wherein a coupling end section in the first pipe (10a) is extended and part of the extended coupling end section is widened outwards more than other parts to form a partially extended pipe section (22); an installation step, wherein the coupling end section of the second pipe (10b) is inserted into the coupling end section of the extended first pipe (10a); a gas replacement step, wherein combustion gas is caused to flow towards the open end section of the first pipe (10a) from the partially extended pipe section (22) and air inside the pipe is discharged from the open end section of the partially blocked second pipe (10b); and a soldering step, wherein the gap between the coupling end section of the first pipe (10a) and the coupling end section of the second pipe (10b) is filled in after the gas replacement step has been completed.
B23K 31/02 - Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups relating to soldering or welding
In order to provide a collection unit using a collection carrier which is capable of efficiently collecting airborne bacteria even if the collection unit is reduced in size, a collection unit (80) is equipped with: a collection carrier cartridge (82) comprising a carrier filling dish (82b), the center of which has a through hole (82b3) into which a feeder nozzle for warm water or ATP reagent is inserted, and into which is filled a collection carrier (90) that collects airborne bacteria on the outer periphery of the through hole (82b3), and an upper lid (82a) on which a protrusion that passes through the through hole (82b3) is formed and on which the carrier filling dish (82b) is placed; an impacter nozzle head (86) on which a plurality of nozzle holes (87) are formed which face the surface of the collection carrier (90), and which covers the surface of the collection carrier (90); and a fan (84) that introduces air to the surface of the collection carrier from the nozzle holes (87). The flow rate of air that passes through the nozzle holes (87) falls within the range of 40m/s to 50m/s.
Provided is a collector for substances to be detected (1), wherein a carrier (5) that collects microbes is arranged in sections that can be divided into a plurality of subsections. The carrier (5) comprises a count analysis carrier (5a) and an identification analysis carrier (5b) arranged in sections in a first dish half (4a) and a second dish half (4b) which are obtained by dividing a collection dish (4).
The disclosed liquid suction device enables the suction of a liquid with a nozzle end contacting the bottom surface of a container without damage to the nozzle or to the bottom surface of the container. A plurality of rails (112) that extend vertically are provided to an arm (101) that can move three-dimensionally, and piping (102) is affixed to a piping-affixing member (103) that can move along the rails. The end section of the piping functions as a nozzle. By providing a plurality of rebounding members (114) to the arm, the inclination of the piping-affixing member is corrected. When the arm is lowered and the end of the piping collides with the bottom of the container (106), the piping and the piping-affixing section move upward along the rails, and it is possible to cause the end of the piping to contact the bottom section of the container while avoiding damage to the piping and the bottom section of the container, and in that state, the liquid in the container is suctioned.
Disclosed is a water processing device (10) comprised of a reverse osmosis membrane (28), a cylindrical container (24) with the reverse osmosis membrane (28) housed therein, and a supply pipe (42) for the water processing device connected to outer surface of the container (24) such that it is tangential to the inner surface of the container (24). This embodiment allows the whole face of the reverse osmosis membrane (28) to be efficiently exposed to the water for treatment, which improves treatment performance of the reverse osmosis membrane (28).
Disclosed is a water processing device which improves and stabilises treatment performance of a reverse osmosis membrane housed in a container. In the water processing device (10), a pipe (42) is attached at the outer peripheral surface (24A) of a container (24). The flow of sea water from an outlet (46) of the pipe (42) is changed to a rotational flow by a guide path (48) such that the vertical component of motion of the sea water in relation to an inlet face (28A) of a reverse osmosis membrane (28) is temporarily eliminated. The sea water then flows rotationally along the inner peripheral surface (24B) of the container (24) in an axial direction. During this period, the axial component of the flowrate of the sea water flowing in an axial direction becomes generally equal over the entire area of an inlet face (28A) of the reverse osmosis membrane (28). As a consequence, the sea water is sufficiently exposed over the whole of the reverse osmosis membrane (28), efficiently exposing the whole face of the reverse osmosis membrane (28) to the sea water, thereby improving treatment performance of the reverse osmosis membrane (28).
Disclosed is a water treatment device which improves and stabilises the treatment performance of a reverse osmosis membrane housed in a container. In the water treatment device (10), sea water that flows in from the discharge outlet (46) of a pipe (42) is made to flow radially in the radial direction of the container (24), thereby temporarily eliminating the inflow direction component of the sea water in relation to the inlet end surface (28A) of the reverse osmosis membrane (28) Subsequently, the sea water flows in the axial direction of the container (24). During this interval, the axial-direction flow speed component of the sea water flowing in the axial direction is substantially equalized over the entire inlet end surface (28A) of the reverse osmosis membrane (28). Thus, the entire surface of the reverse osmosis membrane (28) is efficiently exposed to the sea water, thereby improving the treatment performance of the reverse osmosis membrane (28).
Provided is a technique for a process for the synthesis of acrolein by reacting glycerol with supercritical water and an acid. In a case where a reaction fluid having a high glycerol concentration is employed to improve the energy efficiency, the technique makes it possible to protect pipes and devices from clogging and wear, which are caused by the generation of by-products, and thus enables the synthesis to proceed stably with high yield. In an embodiment of the technique, the reaction fluid is adjusted to a glycerol concentration of 30wt% or less. Further, the embodiment comprises: cooling the reaction fluid to a temperature that can stop the reaction and that can keep the tar contained in the reaction fluid at a sufficiently low viscosity, namely, a temperature of 100 to 300°C; separating and removing carbon particles from the reaction fluid thus cooled; cooling the resulting reaction fluid to a temperature which is not higher than the boiling point of water and at which the tar contained in the reaction fluid does not stick to devices; and then evacuating the resulting system.
C07C 45/52 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition by dehydration and rearrangement involving two hydroxy groups in the same molecule
B01J 3/00 - Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matterApparatus therefor
C07C 45/81 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
Disclosed is a pipe washing means capable of effectively suppressing introduction of viable cells into a device and contamination occurring inside the device. Also disclosed are a method and a mechanism for washing pipes of a light-emission measuring device. Specifically, a method of washing pipes of a light-emission measuring device (10) comprises a lysing step of sterilizing the inside of a supply pipe of the light-emission measuring device (10) for supplying hot water or reagents by supplying a sterilizing reagent to the supply pipe; an ATP removing step of removing ATP inside the supply pipe by supplying an ATP eliminating reagent to the supply pipe after the sterilization of the inside of the supply pipe; and a step of replacing the ATP eliminating reagent inside the supply pipe with pure water.
Disclosed are: an apparatus for trapping floating bacterial cells, which does not undergo the deterioration in trapping efficiency even when the time for replacing a trapping carrier is prolonged, and which enables the long-term and continuous trapping of bacterial cells that are floating in air; and a method for counting floating cells and a system for counting floating cells, each of which utilizes the apparatus. A nozzle (16) has multiple pinholes (16a) which are arranged with regular spacing. A driving mechanism (22) enables the horizontal movement of a supporting container (20) that supports the trapping carrier (30) in such a manner that the movement of the supporting container (20) can make a circle having a radius of less than d wherein d represents the pitch spacing between the pinholes (16a).
Disclosed are a dipped flat membrane element, a flat membrane unit, and a dipped flat membrane filtration device that inhibit gas bubbles that pass between adjacent flat membrane elements from concentrating centrally, improving the cleaning efficiency of the membrane surfaces. A plurality of flat membrane elements disposed adjacent to each other, with filtration membranes opposite, are dipped vertically into water in a treatment tank, constituting a dipped flat membrane filtration device in which an aeration means is disposed below the plurality of flat membrane elements. The flat membrane elements are provided with: a base frame having a support sheet that has water-collection grooves, and a water-collection part disposed on a lateral surface of the support sheet; and filtration membranes disposed on both principal surfaces of the support sheet. The vertical distance between the top and bottom ends of the support sheet varies horizontally from a short distance (A) to a long distance (B)
A process for the purification of tetrahydrofuran from a fluid that contains tetrahydrofuran and includes at least water, dihydrofuran, and butanol as impurities, which comprises: a first distillation step of subjecting the fluid to distillation using a distillation column and thereby separating the fluid into first bottoms containing water as the main component and a first overhead containing tetrahydrofuran, dihydrofuran and butanol as the main components; a second distillation step of subjecting the first overhead to distillation using another distillation column and thereby separating the first overhead into second bottoms containing tetrahydrofuran and butanol as the main components and a second overhead containing dihydrofuran as the main component; and a third distillation step of subjecting the second bottoms to distillation using another distillation column and thereby separating the second bottoms into third bottoms containing butanol as the main component and a third overhead containing tetrahydrofuran as the main component, characterized by further comprising a refluxing step of returning a part of the second overhead to the first distillation step as a reflux liquid and discharging the remainder thereof to the outside of the system.
Provided are a device and a method for producing high-quality polybutylene succinate. The method for producing polybutylene succinate comprises a step for producing a starting slurry by mixing succinic acid or a derivative thereof and 1,4-butanediol in a starting slurry preparation tank; a step for retaining the starting slurry in a starting slurry reservoir while maintaining fluidity; a step for esterification of the starting slurry in an esterification reactor; and a step for synthesizing a polybutylene succinate by polycondensation of the ester in a polycondensation reactor. The polycondensation reactor is divided, beginning from the upstream side, into at least an initial polycondensation reactor, intermediate polycondensation reactor, and final polycondensation reactor; catalyst is added at 1,000 to 3,000 ppm with respect to the succinic acid or derivative thereof; the reaction time in the intermediate polycondensation reactor is 0.25 to 0.75 hours; and the reaction temperature in the final polycondensation reactor is 245 to 255ºC.
With current methods for manufacturing refined terephthalic acid by means of a hydrogenation reaction of a crude terephthalic acid aqueous solution by means of a precious-metal-supporting activated carbon catalyst, excessive condition settings and extra equipment are used for setting safely in order to ensure quality when setting the hydrogenation reaction conditions based on an increase in production, new equipment or other variations in the amount of production. Disclosed is a method for refining crude terephthalic acid having more economical reaction conditions and stable quality with good reproducibility. With the method for refining crude terephthalic acid, crude terephthalic acid is dissolved in water to form an aqueous solution that is then supplied together with hydrogen gas to the top of an activated carbon catalyst layer. Said aqueous reaction solution is supplied until it rises above the catalyst layer, and by means of a type of reaction vessel that forms/retains a hydrogen-containing gas phase portion above the surface of said aqueous solution, said aqueous solution dissolves (absorbs) hydrogen contained in the upper gas phase portion from the gas-liquid interface, after which the hydrogenation reaction occurs while said solution flows down through the catalyst layer. In addition, the hydrogenation reaction occurs while the hydrogen partial pressure of the gas phase portion at the upper part of the catalyst layer is maintained, based on its relationship with the downward superficial velocity of the respective reaction liquid, in a partial pressure range that is calculated based on the correlation of the hydrogen partial pressure (H2.PP) with the downward superficial velocity (LV), and with the superficial velocity of said aqueous reaction solution that flows down through the catalyst layer introduced as a determining condition.
Disclosed is an industrially usable method for producing acrolein from glycerin, which is obtained as a by-product in the process of producing a biodiesel fuel from a waste vegetable/animal oil or fat using an alkali catalyst, through a treatment with the use of supercritical water. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing acrolein, characterized by comprising: a measurement step for measuring the concentration of hydrogen ion in glycerin obtained as a by-product; an acid-addition step for adding an acid, in such an amount as to acidify said glycerin that can be determined based on the measurement result, to said glycerin; and a supercritical water-treatment step for treating the glycerin, to which the acid has been added, with supercritical water to thereby produce acrolein from glycerin.
C07C 45/52 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition by dehydration and rearrangement involving two hydroxy groups in the same molecule
Disclosed is a microreactor that does not produce any liquid pool, can realize a high level of mixing properties even at a low solution feed flow rate, and has a simple construction. Also disclosed is a microreactor system using the microreactor. The microreactor system comprises a flow passage that mixes at least two types of fluids. Mixing/reaction of fluids is performed by performing dividing/mixing of fluids at least once. The microreactor and the microreactor system are suitable for the so-called a multi-stage reaction.
Provided are a method and a device that improve the starting material yield and simplify the wastewater treatment equipment in polybutylene succinate production. The method for producing polybutylene succinate is a method comprising an esterification step in which a starting slurry comprising succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol as the primary starting materials is subjected to esterification and an oligomer is synthesized, and a polycondensation step in which the oligomer is subjected to ester exchange, wherein a catalyst is added to the starting slurry during the esterification step, esterification is performed at 185 to 195°C, and additional catalyst is added during the polycondensation step.
In conventional recovery of pure terephthalic acid crystals, separation while maintaining the final crystallization tank slurry at the highest possible temperature (maximum 205°C) and high pressure is preferred from the point of view of ease of separation of p-toluyl acid, and expensive high temperature and high pressure plant is needed for the separator (filter, centrifuge) and the system therefor (removal of the wet separation cake, separating liquid/washing liquid receiving tanks and pressurized circulation gas system, etc.). Disclosed is an effective method for filtration and washing, which is a method for recovering crystals from a crystallization slurry comprising a solvent and precipitated crystals by pressure filtration, wherein the content of impurities in the recovered crystals is decreased by employing a filter system using comparatively low pressure. In pressure filtration at no more than ca. 6 kg/cm2G, the filtration cake is washed by employing a washing solution superheated until the vapour pressure thereof exceeds the pressure of the filter system, the solution being supplied at least as a steaming washing solution. Washing is carried out by supplying a washing solution superheated until the proportion of vapour produced exceeds ca. 2%, and preferably a washing solution superheated until this proportion is at least ca. 4%.
Provided are a device and method for membrane separation type treatment with activated sludge in which water to be treated is circulated in an aerobic tank at a flow rate necessary for evenly and stably washing the membrane surfaces, without reducing the effective separation area of the membranes. The device for membrane separation type treatment with activated sludge is equipped with: an aerobic tank in which water to be treated is biologically and aerobically treated with activated sludge held within the tank; an air diffusion means which supplies air necessary for the aerobic treatment; and a membrane separation means immersed within the aerobic tank. The device has, formed therein, a partition by which the membrane separation means is vertically separated from the air diffusion means within the aerobic tank. The partition has: an upper opening through which the ascending flow of the water to be treated caused by air diffusion from the air diffusion means moves laterally under the water surface and comes into the membrane separation means side; and a lower opening through which the ascending flow, which has come into through the upper opening and turned to a descending flow, goes out to the air diffusion means side after passing through the membranes of the membrane separation means.
The issue is to suppress the problems associated with by-products in order to allow an organic synthesis process effected through the action of supercritical water and an acid to progress stably. Provided are a method and a device whereby water is supplied to high-pressure pumps (110, 210) from water headers (101, 201), and a pressure reduction valve (324) is adjusted to give 35 MPA. The temperatures of preheaters (120, 220) and a heater (310) are raised so that the reaction temperature reaches 400°C. A reaction solution obtained by supplying an organic compound starting material (glycerin) from a starting material header (203') and an acid (sulfuric acid) from an acid header (203) and allowing the substances to act with supercritical water is cooled to 100-200°C through a first cooling (420). Solid components in the reaction solution are separated and removed from the reaction solution using a filter (320). After the reaction solution is cooled to a temperature of approximately 100°C or lower through a second cooling (620), the pressure is reduced (324), a third cooling (720) is additionally applied, and a synthesized final product (acrolein) is removed.
C07C 45/52 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition by dehydration and rearrangement involving two hydroxy groups in the same molecule
B01J 3/00 - Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matterApparatus therefor
C07C 45/81 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
Operating labor is diminished to improve takt time, and lamination that prevents deterioration of the performance of the finished product can be realized. The cover films (13a) are peeled by a cover film uptake mechanism (15) (figure 4) from films (13) from film rolls (24a–24d) (figure 6) of a film out-feed mechanism (14), and then fed to an inter-substrate processing mechanism (16). In the inter-substrate processing mechanism (16), sheet sealing materials (5) (figure 3) are formed, in which specified lengths of the sealing material films (5') of the films (13) (figure 4) are peeled off at specified intervals, as shown in figure 9, by means of half-cut members (34) and a peel-off tape (36) (figure 7). The films (13), treated in this way, are fed into a lamination mechanism (19), where the sheet sealing materials (5) are heated and press-applied to a substrate (1) from the preceding chamber (10), and then cooled by a substrate cooling mechanism (30), and then the base films (13b) (figure 4) of the films (13) are peeled off by a base film uptake mechanism (21).
B29C 65/78 - Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles
G09F 9/00 - Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
G09F 9/30 - Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
H01L 51/50 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for light emission, e.g. organic light emitting diodes (OLED) or polymer light emitting devices (PLED)
H05B 33/10 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
A reactor having a cylindrical mixing channel is provided in which, when multiple fluids respectively containing different substances are mixed and reacted, a radially multilayered flow is formed in the channel to synergistically produce turbulent mixing and the stirring effect of a spiral flow. The mixing channel hence has improved mixing performance to enable a reaction product to be produced in high yield at high efficiency. The mixing channel (1) for mixing multiple fluids (4) and (5) respectively containing different substances has a cylindrical shape, and is equipped with multiple inlet passages (2) and multiple inlet passages (3) for introducing the fluid (4) and the fluid (5) into the mixing channel (1), the passages (2) and (3) having been disposed in an offset arrangement with respective to the axis of the mixing channel (1).
Provided is a method for treating the separated mother liquor from terephthalic acid refinement whereby recovered water with little impurity is obtained cheaply and in large quantity from the primary mother liquor separated at the time of primary crystallization. The method of treating the mother liquor (primary mother liquor) wherein the refined terephthalic acid crystals (primary crystals) and mother liquor (primary mother liquor) are separated from the crystal slurry involves an evaporation process wherein the aforementioned mother liquor is evaporated in the presence of terephthalic acid crystals by heating and flash evaporation at a pressure below atmospheric pressure and separated into vapor and a mother liquor suspension of terephthalic acid crystals; a process whereby terephthalic-acid-containing crystals are separated from the aforementioned mother liquor suspension; and a process whereby the aforementioned vapor is condensed and condensed water is produced.
A photosensitive film, which has a support film and a 2 to 10-µm thick photosensitive resin composition layer formed on said support film, is placed on a copper substrate with the photosensitive resin composition layer in contact with the copper substrate and is laminated to the copper substrate under a lamination pressure of 1-10 MPa. As a result, even though the aforementioned photosensitive resin composition layer thickness is 10 µm or thinner, the occurrence of microvoids can be inhibited sufficiently when the photosensitive film is laminated to the copper substrate, so a sufficient level of resolution can be achieved.
H05K 3/06 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
B32B 15/08 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
H05K 3/18 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
In the prior art, crystals are separated and recovered from a crystallization slurry through, using a vacuum rotary filtering machine, suction filtering, crystal washing and liquid removing steps. In the washing step, portion of the solvent of a filtrate or washing liquid is evaporated and cooled by the suction of the washing liquid to thereby cause solute crystallization on the mesh of applied filter cloth. Consequently, the mesh of the filter cloth is clogged by crystal micrograins, so that formation of a filtration (crystal grain) layer by the suction filtration would become difficult. Further, passage of the washing liquid would become unsatisfactory to thereby cause continuation of continuous filtering/washing to be infeasible. Accordingly, it is intended to, in the rotary filtering method, inhibit clogging of filter cloth and attain prolonged continuation of filtering/washing. Microcrystal clogging on the mesh of the filter cloth has been inhibited by heating the washing liquid with the use of a heater so as to effect overheating until at least the temperature (pressure) for vapor generation and by feeding the washing liquid as a mixed phase flow entrained by generated vapor to a washing region within the filtering machine in the washing step. As a washing solvent, use is made of acetic acid overheated to 120°C or higher, preferably 130°C or higher, still preferably 140°C or higher. The washing solvent is overheated to preferably the temperature for about 7% or more vapor generation, still preferably the temperature for about 14% or more vapor generation.
Disclosed is a means for producing lactide efficiently in the production of a poly(lactic acid) by depolymerizing a lactic acid oligomer to produce lactide and ring-opening-polymerizing lactide. Also disclosed is a lactide production apparatus for producing lactide continuously or intermittently, which comprises: a depolymerization unit (11) for depolymerizing a lactic acid oligomer; a catalyst regeneration unit (27) for depolymerizing a residue in the depolymerization unit to reduce the molecular weight of the lactic acid oligomer contained in the residue; and a distillation column (29) for condensing lactide which has been produced in the depolymerization unit in the form of a gas phase.
According to a ballast water treatment system in one embodiment of the present invention, the quality of a ballast water is monitored, and the operating conditions of a water treatment apparatus are controlled based on the results of the monitoring. By virtue of the above constitution, even when the quality of the ballast water significantly varies depending upon water intake conditions, the ballast water can be treated to always have a constant quality. Further, since water treatment is carried out according to the quality of the ballast water, excess injection of a liquid chemical used in the water treatment and a lack in the amount of the liquid chemical injected can be prevented. For example, when a water treatment apparatus of a sterilization system is used, excess injection of a sterilizing agent and a lack in the amount of the sterilizing agent injected can be prevented, and thus, the application of a load by the sterilizing agent on a coating in the ballast tank and an environment can be prevented.
Provided is a magnetic separation device which can solve the problems of the magnetic disc of the outermost side in the conventional magnetic separation device such as a magnetic leak and deformation of the magnetic disc of the outermost side without reducing the adsorption performance of a magnetic flock. Moreover, the magnetic disc and its manufacturing method can eliminate the problem of distortion in the conventional magnetic disc and reduce the weight while assuring rigidity.
It is possible to eliminate the problems of adsorption/separation efficiency and recovery efficiency of magnetic flocks in the conventional magnetic separation device and effectively remove the magnetic flocks contained in the raw water. In the magnetic separation device, a plurality of magnetic discs (36) are arranged so that they are substantially half under the raw water in a separation vessel (32). A water supply opening (44) for supplying the raw water as an upward flow is formed in the separation vessel (32) at the lower end of the separation vessel (32). Furthermore, immediately below each of the magnetic discs (36), a distribution member (46) is arranged to distribute the raw water supplied from the water supply opening (44) to rightward and leftward and the thickness direction of the magnetic disc (36). A pair of troughs (40) are arranged at both sides parallel to the rotation axis of the separation vessel (32) so that the processed water from which the magnetic flocks (F) have been removed from the raw water flows over.
A filter separation device in which a piping system structure for piping placed in a drum type filter is simplified to make the structure of the device simple. In an arrangement structure for a raw water supply pipe (32) and a captured matter discharge pipe (36) arranged in a drum type filter (26), the captured matter discharge pipe (36) is inserted and placed in the raw water supply pipe (32), and a hopper (34) of the captured matter discharge pipe (36) is placed at an opening (32A) formed in the upper surface of the raw water supply pipe (32). Because the piping structure of the raw water supply pipe (32) and the captured matter discharge pipe (36) is a double pipe structure using the raw water supply pipe (32) as an outer pipe and the captured matter discharge pipe (36) as an inner pipe, the number of piping systems can be reduced from conventional two systems to one system.
Provided is a coagulating apparatus which can reduce its size and which can produce magnetic micro flock and magnetic flock satisfactorily. In the coagulating apparatus (14), a fast agitating bath (14A), a decelerating chamber (14C) and a slow agitating bath (14B) are assembled with a common casing (40) so that they are constituted into an integral structure. The decelerating chamber (14C) is equipped with two weirs (42 and 44) so as to decelerate the speed of the rapidly moving treatment water flown out from the fast agitating bath (14A). On the other hand, the fast agitating bath (14A), the decelerating chamber (14C) and the slow agitating bath (14B) of the coagulating apparatus (14) are evacuated and are filled up with the treatment water. Even in case the coagulating apparatus (14) is installed in an oscillating atmosphere such as a vessel, therefore, the treatment water does not become wavy in the individual bathes (14A, 14C and 14B) of the coagulating apparatus (14), but smoothly flows from the fast agitating bath (14A) through the decelerating chamber (14C) to the slow agitating bath (14B).
It is intended to provide a ship structure which makes it possible to easily install inboard ballast water treatment systems of various types at appropriate positions in various kinds of ships. A ship structure provided with a ballast water treatment system (20) by which microorganisms in ballast water are treated and removed or killed in the step of taking or discharging the ballast water, wherein the ballast water treatment system (20) is provided within a steering machine room (9) that is located in the back part of the ship.
A natural gas liquefaction equipment that can cope with locational conditions where seawater, river water or the like cannot be utilized and without being influenced by changing of atmospheric air temperature dependent upon time and season, can hold constant the volume of liquefied natural gas produced throughout the year. The natural gas liquefaction equipment comprises not only first refrigeration cycle line (50) including, for example, mixed refrigerant compressing low-pressure-stage refrigerant compressor (23) and high-pressure-stage refrigerant compressor (24), compressed mixed refrigerant cooling intermediate cooling means (25) and postposed cooling means (26), mixed refrigerant further cooling secondary cooling means (19), cooled mixed refrigerant expanding expansion means and a main heat exchanger capable of heat exchanging with expanded mixed refrigerant to thereby cool natural gas but also second refrigeration cycle line (51) capable of producing a cold heat source for use in the secondary cooling means (19) with the use of, for example, propane refrigerant as working fluid, and further comprises third refrigeration cycle line (52) capable of producing a portion of cold heat source for use in the intermediate cooling means (25) and postposed cooling means (26) with the use of, for example, propane refrigerant as working fluid.
The cooling temperature of exhaust gas when the gas is preliminarily cooled before it is introduced into a wet type desulfurizer is optimally controlled, and this enhances the removal rate of sulfuric acid mist by a wet type electric dust collector. In an exhaust gas treatment method and device, exhaust gas (12) produced by a boiler (10) is treated by a denitration device (14), an air heater (18), and a dry type electric dust collector (22), and sulfur oxide-containing exhaust gas (24) produced in the treatment is guided to a cooling device (26), a wet type desulfurizer (30), and a wet type electric dust collector (34), in that order. A controller (42) reads an indication value of a streaming current detector (40) provided at a high-voltage power source for the wet type electric dust collector (34) and controls cooling conditions of the cooling device (26) so that the current density at the wet type electric dust collector (34) is maximum.
It is intended to effectively remove chloride ions from organic waste water. In a membrane separating method using active sludge, an anion exchanger is added to a biological reaction tank or raw water located upstream of the biological reaction tank to thereby remove chloride ions from the water to be treated. In a membrane separating method using active sludge, an anion exchanger and a cation exchanger are added to a biological reaction tank or raw water located upstream of the biological reaction tank to thereby remove salts from the water to be treated. As the ion exchangers, it is preferable to use a powdery material made of an ion exchange resin, zeolite, a molecular sieve or a nanoporous matter.
In the hydrogenation purification of crude terephthalic acid, at the stage of mixing crude terephthalic acid with water into a slurry, conducting heating/dissolving operation to thereby convert the same to an aqueous solution and subjecting the aqueous solution to a hydrogenation purification reaction operation, the variation of concentration of prepared/supplied slurry has often caused disordering of the continuous operation of the purification reaction. Thus, it has been demanded to prepare and supply a slurry of stable concentration wherein the range of variation of slurry concentration is reduced. The amount of crude terephthalic acid supplied is regulated at given ratio (given concentration) on the basis of the amount of water fed into a slurry preparation tank with agitator, and mixing thereof is conducted to thereby prepare a slurry (1st regulation). While conducting external circulation of the slurry by means of a pump, the concentration thereof is measured, and the amount of water fed from the side of pump suction is regulated into a given concentration so as to attain regulation of the slurry concentration (2nd regulation). Thus, a slurry with narrowed range of concentration variation is obtained. Thereafter, in this process, by means of a high-pressure pump branched from circulation line, the prepared slurry is continuously supplied to heating/dissolving operation.
A method for producing hydrogen according to an embodiment of the invention is a method for producing hydrogen in which hydrogen is produced from an organic compound using a microorganism, characterized by using a carrier on which hydrogen-producing acid-resistant microorganism has been immobilized by entrapment and producing hydrogen by performing a catalytic reaction between the carrier and the organic compound in an environment of a pH range from 4 to 6. The present inventors found that an optimum pH of the hydrogen-producing microorganism shifts to a low pH range by immobilizing the hydrogen-producing microorganism by entrapment. The invention has been made based on this finding, and because the hydrogen-producing microorganism is immobilized by entrapment and the resulting carrier is used, the hydrogen-producing microorganism is activated at a low pH range from 4 to 6 and produces hydrogen. Accordingly, an effect of saprophytic bacteria which consume hydrogen is less, and the yield of hydrogen can be increased.
C12P 3/00 - Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide
C12M 1/40 - Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilised, or carrier-bound enzymes, e.g. apparatus containing a fluidised bed of immobilised enzymes
C12N 11/04 - Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel or hollow fibres
B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
C02F 11/04 - Anaerobic treatmentProduction of methane by such processes
[PROBLEMS] A method of managing cell preparation whereby raw materials including materials such as a large number of containers to be used in preparing cells can be appropriately managed so as to avoid any risk to living organisms before it happens, and a system therefor. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A method of managing cell preparation in preparing cells in an aseptic working area with the use of feedstock materials of biological origins relating to specimens and raw materials including materials, characterized by comprising storing cell preparation operating instructions relating to the individual identification data such as feedstock material-identification data and material-identification data in a data processing unit; reading out identification data held in a wireless communication unit attached to the materials carried into the aseptic working area by a wireless reading unit; checking up the identification data thus read out above with the corresponding identification data relating to the cell preparation operating instruction data as described above by the data processing unit; outputting whether or not these data agree with each other; and allowing the continuation of the cell preparation exclusively in the case where these data having been checked up agree with each other; and a system therefor.
G06K 17/00 - Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups , e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
G06Q 50/00 - Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
A system in which the amount of contents of oxidation reaction flue gas emitted from the process of aromatic dicarboxylic acid production is reduced and in which the pressure held by the flue gas is recovered as power energy at relatively low temperature range (150°→0°C); and a system unified with the production process in which the thus recovered energy is used as power for compression of air for oxidation reaction and in which flue gas of low pressure (0.1 Kg/cm2G) is used as a supply gas for processing, such as drying or transportation, of produced dicarboxylic acid powder. Oxidation reaction flue gas is first treated at 40°C or below by the use of a high-pressure absorbing tower according to acetic acid/water two-stage washing method (1), and thereafter the pressure held by the flue gas is recovered as power energy by means of a two-stage expansion turbine with the use of steam (5 Kg/cm2G steam) generated at the time of reaction as heating source (2). As a result, the recovered energy can be used as rotating power, and the dew point of low-pressure flue gas becomes 0°C or its vicinity or higher, thereby attaining conversion to gas and energy recycled in the production process.
C07C 51/265 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups
A system which facilitates the reduction and recovery of components contained in the oxidation waste gas discharged from the manufacturing process of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and enables the recovery of the pressure of the waste gas as power energy in a relatively low temperature range (of 150°C or below), namely, a system integrated with the manufacturing process of aromatic dicarboxylic acids in which the recovered energy is used as the power for compressing the air to be used in the oxidation and the resulting low-pressure waste gas (0.1Kg/cm2G) is used in processing (such as drying or transporting) the formed dicarboxylic acid powder. The system comprises (1) subjecting oxidation waste gas to two-stage absorption in high-pressure absorption towers with acetic acid and water, (2) bringing the resulting waste gas into contact with an adsorbent to dehydrate the waste gas and form a dry waste gas, (3) recovering the pressure of the dry waste gas in a relatively low temperature range as power energy with a two-stage expansion turbine by using the steam (5Kg/cm2G) generated in the oxidation as the heat source, (4) circulating the components recovered from the oxidation waste gas to the reaction solvent recovery step and reusing them, (5) using the recovered power energy in the oxidation, and (6) utilizing the resulting low-pressure waste gas for the formed powder.
In connection with the process for producing a highly purified aromatic dicarboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon by means of an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst composed of Co, Mn and Br to thereby obtain a crude aromatic dicarboxylic acid and subsequent hydrogenation purification of the crude aromatic dicarboxylic acid in the form of an aqueous solution, it is intended to provide economic production of a crude aromatic dicarboxylic acid to be fed to hydrogenation purification in which aromatic monocarboxylic aldehydes are contained in an amount of 2000 to 3500 ppm, to provide the amount of oxidization catalyst regulated so as to have no influence on the activity duration of hydrogenation purification catalyst and to provide relevant reaction conditions. In the formation of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of a dialkylated aromatic hydrocarbon with the use of an acetic acid solvent, there have been attained reduction of the amount of acetic acid lost by combustion in oxidation reaction, accordingly suppression of the generation of ash contents in the produced aromatic dicarboxylic acid and regulation of the composition of oxidation catalyst relying on the relationship with reaction temperature. That is, setting the reaction temperature at 185° to 197°C, and regarding the values of Co+Mn quantity and Br/Mn ratio calculated from the relational formula correlating them with reaction temperature as regulation levels at least at relevant reaction temperature, catalyst regulation is carried out so that the Co+Mn quantity is 2650 ppm or less with the Br/(Co+Mn) ratio being 1.7 or below.
C07C 51/265 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups
In an ultrasonic cleaning method, an ultrasonic wave is applied to a cleaning liquid containing dissolved gas for cleaning an object to be cleaned. The method repeats a step of continuously applying an ultrasonic wave for at least 0.2 msec and a step not applying the ultrasonic wave for at least 0.1 msec at a predetermined cycle. This prevents generation of rough and large air bubbles which inhibits transmission of an ultrasonic wave and effectively generates radical contributing to cleaning, thereby effectively cleaning the object to be cleaned.
B08B 3/12 - Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
H01L 21/304 - Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
G02F 1/13 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
REFRIGERATION CYCLE SYSTEM, NATURAL GAS LIQUEFYING EQUIPMENT, METHOD OF CONTROLLING REFRIGERATION CYCLE SYSTEM, AND METHOD OF RECONSTRUCTING REFRIGERATION CYCLE SYSTEM
A refrigeration cycle system for cooling of a medium to be cooled, comprising refrigerant compressor (3) for compressing of the refrigerant after cooling of a medium to be cooled; condenser (6) for condensing of the refrigerant having been compressed by the refrigerant compressor (3); uniaxial gas turbine (27) directly connected to the refrigerant compressor (3); return flow channel (12) connecting the downstream side of the condenser (6) with the inlet of the refrigerant compressor (3); and throttle valve (13) for controlling of the flow rate through the return flow channel (12). Accordingly, not only can the power required at the start-up of the refrigerant compressor be reduced but also there can be attained stabilization of the start-up of the refrigerant compressor in the employment of the uniaxial gas turbine as driving source.
A moving electrode of an electrostatic precipitator having endless ropes for supporting dust collecting electrode plates which do not cause elongation due to wear and have a prolonged life. The moving electrode (18) comprises a pair of endless ropes which are respectively rotatably supported by a pair of driving wheels (20) and dust collecting electrode plates (26) supported by the pair of endless ropes. The dust collecting electrode plates (26) revolve in a specified direction around a discharging electrode. The moving electrode is characterized in that flexible endless wires (24) are used as the endless ropes. It is desirable that engaging step parts are formed with a pitch on the outer circumference of the driving wheels (20), and engageable blocks which are engageable with the engaging step parts are attached to the endless wires (24) with a pitch.
The number of components is decreased by increasing the width per sheet of collecting electrode plate, and a portion for coupling the collecting electrode plate to an endless cable is made compact. In the moving electrode of an electrostatic precipitator which comprises a pair of drive wheels (20) arranged above, a pair of driven rollers (22) arranged below, a pair of endless chains (24) stretched to connect the drive wheels (20) with the driven rollers (22), and a plurality of sheets of collecting electrode plate (26) coupled with the pair of endless chains (24), and which is arranged to allow the plurality of sheets of collecting electrode plate (26) to move around a discharge pole, wherein each collecting electrode plate (26) is coupled, at the upper end position thereof, with the endless chain (24) to rotate freely, and the drive wheel (20) is supported by a cantilever shaft (30) from the outside of the moving region of the collecting electrode plate (26).
The moving electrode of a moving electrode type electrostatic precipitator which can increase the length of a collecting electrode plate while contributing to simplification in configuration of the precipitator and cost reduction. In the moving electrode (18) of an moving electrode type electrostatic precipitator which comprises a pair of drive wheels (20), a pair of driven rollers (22), a pair of endless chains (24) stretched between the drive wheels and the driven rollers, and collecting electrode plates (26) suspended by the pair of endless chains (24), and which is arranged to allow the collecting electrode plates (26) to move around a discharge pole, wherein a first auxiliary roller (32) is provided at the intermediate position of a rotating shaft (30) coupling the pair of drive wheels (20), and a second auxiliary roller (36) is provided at the intermediate position of a rotating shaft (34) coupling the pair of driven wheels (22), respectively. Permanent magnets are built in the outer circumference of the second auxiliary roller.
A treating apparatus, and treating method, for exhaust gas containing sulfuric acid mist that excel in the elimination performance even for submicron-order sulfuric acid mist. There is provided an apparatus comprising saturating means (26) for saturating through feeding of water in the form of steam, etc. into exhaust gas (19) containing sulfuric acid mist; venturi duct (28) for mist generation through adiabatic expansion of the exhaust gas (19) having passed through the saturating means (26); ion generating means (30) for generating of ions in the vicinity of throat portion (48) of the venturi duct (28); and wet electric dust collector (32)disposed downstream of the venturi duct (28). Control unit (46) controls the amount of water required for saturating of the exhaust gas (19).
This invention provides a wet-type electric dust collector which has improved corrosion resistance while properly ensuring discharge action. A layer is provided on a discharge electrode in an electric dust collector for removing mist contained in a corrosive exhaust gas. The layer is formed by coating the whole surface of a needle-type rigid discharge electrode, provided with a support pipe and a discharge needle, with a thermoplastic resin. The coating layer in the front end face of the discharge needle is removed by rough polishing to expose a coarse discharge end face.
An inclusive immobilization support satisfying the requirements: (A) the deformation ratio of the formula (H0-H1)/H0, wherein H0 refers to the thickness of the support before compression and H1 to the thickness of the support at breakage by compression, be 70% or higher, and (B) the particle diameter thereof fall within the range of 0.1 to 1.5 mm. The inclusive immobilization support is charged in a biological treatment tank without screen, and any inclusive immobilization support entrained by treated water to thereby flow out into a solid-liquid separation tank is returned to the biological treatment tank by pump transfer. Accordingly, as damaging of the inclusive immobilization support is suppressed at the return to the biological treatment tank by pump, it is not needed to reconstruct the existing biological treatment tank in which wastewater disposal is performed using active sludge. Further, as the particle diameter can be reduced, there can be accomplished striking enhancement of disposal efficiency.
An electric car overhead line separation detecting device and method for easily detecting the position where the contact shoe of a pantograph of an electric car separates from the overhead line. The detecting device (10) has a camera (18A) and an illuminance sensor (20A) oriented toward the contact point between the contact shoe (16A) of a pantograph (14A) and the overhead line (12A) of the + side, and illuminance sensor (24A) not directly detecting the arc light (22A) emitted from the contact point and detecting the ambient illuminance of the pantograph (14A); and similarly a camera (18B) and an illuminance sensor (20B) oriented toward the contact point between the contact shoe (16B) of a pantograph (14B) and the overhead line (12B) of a - side and an illuminance sensor (24B) not directly detecting the arc light (22B) emitted from the contact point and detecting the ambient illuminance of the pantograph (14B). To the illuminance sensors (20A, 24A), a comparator (26A) for comparing their outputs and outputting a warning if the output difference is a given value or over. Similarly, to the illuminance sensors (20B, 24B) on the - side, a comparator (comparing means) (26B) for comparing their outputs and outputting a warning if the output difference is a given value or over.
An emission gas treatment that realizes enhancement of a sulfuric acid mist trapping efficiency of wet electric dust collector. Removal of sulfuric acid mist is carried out by performing wet desulfurization of an emission gas to thereby remove any sulfur oxides, thereafter measuring the amount of sulfuric acid mist in the desulfurized emission gas, mixing ammonia gas with a concentration of 1 or less in terms of equivalent ratio to the amount of sulfuric acid mist, and causing the mixture to pass through a wet electric dust collector. This can be realized by emission gas treatment facilities including a wet desulfurization unit for removing of sulfur oxides from an emission gas and a wet electric dust collector for removing of sulfuric acid mist from the emission gas having been desulfurized by the wet desulfurization unit, and further including ammonia gas supply means for supply of ammonia gas to the emission gas to be introduced in the wet electric dust collector.
B03C 3/013 - Conditioning by chemical additives, e.g. with SO3
B03C 3/16 - Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type
64.
IMAGE DATA RECORDING METHOD, WORKING RESULT RECORDING METHOD USING IMAGE DATA, IMAGE DATA RECORDING DEVICE, AND WORKING RESULT RECORDING SYSTEM USING IMAGE DATA
An image data recording method is provided to carry out recording in a situation that an object is made to be truly consistent with its related data. In a working result recording method for acquiring a working record image of a recording subject product and its working contents, the recording subject product and its working record operator are accompanied with RFID tags (60: 60a and 60b) for recording inherent tag data, respectively. Thereafter, a time difference between a reading time of the tag data recorded on the RFID tag (60a) and an image data acquiring time of the recording subject product is compared with a prescribed time set in advance, so that the truth of the tag data is judged with respect to the working subject image data. Further, when the relationship between those data is judged to be true, the image data connected with the tag data are recorded as a working result. On the other hand, when it is judged to be wrong, the image data and the tag data are discarded.
G06F 21/64 - Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
G06K 17/00 - Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups , e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
G06Q 50/00 - Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
In a dehumidifying system using a desiccant dehumidifier, regeneration air at the desiccant dehumidifier is heated by the condenser of a heat pump or a gas cooler, indoor return air re-circulated from an air-conditioned indoor to a dehumidifying rotor is cooled by an evaporator. Since the cooling load of indoor return air is almost stable during operations, the size of a heat pump unit is made small as compared with outdoor air cooling by setting the capacity of the heat pump to match this cooling load to thereby reduce initial costs. Furthermore, the heat pump can be operated at an almost maximum capacity throughout operating periods to provide a stabilized energy saving effect.
F24F 3/153 - Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatmentApparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidificationAir-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatmentApparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by dehumidification with subsequent heating, i.e. with the air, given the required humidity in the central station, passing a heating element to achieve the required temperature
There is provided a dust collecting electrode plate of an electrical dust collector capable of reducing an element amplitude at a high flow rate, making hammer acceleration propagate over the entire element, and preventing a dust accumulating and fixing apparatus from falling. The dust collecting electrode plate (20) of the electrical dust collector (12) has a plurality of element members (40) formed in a longitudinally extending stripe shape and arranged in the same plane at constant intervals. The upper sides of these element members are linked with each other by an upper edge beam member (42), and the lower sides of these element members are linked with each other by a lower edge beam member (44). In this dust collecting electrode plate, a fastening piece (46) is provided for linking and fastening the adjacent side edges of the element members (40) having intervals in between, at at least one point between the upper edge beam member (42) and the lower edge beam member (44). In addition, the fastening piece (46) sandwiches the adjacent side edges by a pair of attaching plates (48, 49) and fastening parts (53, 54) for fastening the attaching plates, wherein at least one of the attaching plates is formed in a shape having a spring effect using a elastic deformation.
patents
