Abstract

Disclosed is a method of administering nitrate in an effective and safe amount to cause a beneficial effect in a subject in need thereof. The method includes administering to the subject at least 0.01 mmol/kg/day of nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A23L 2/02 - Non-alcoholic beveragesDry compositions or concentrates thereforPreparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 9/08 - Solutions
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 33/14 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
• A61K 33/30 - ZincCompounds thereof
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 36/74 - Rubiaceae (Madder family)
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

Disclosed is a method of preventing hypoglycemia and/or hyperglycemia in a human subject, the method comprising administering inorganic nitrate (NO3−) to the human subject. Also disclosed is a method of improving blood glucose homeostasis in a human subject, the method comprising administering inorganic nitrate (NO3−) to the human subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A23L 2/02 - Non-alcoholic beveragesDry compositions or concentrates thereforPreparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
• A61K 33/30 - ZincCompounds thereof
• A61K 33/14 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
• A61K 31/05 - Phenols
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• A61K 9/08 - Solutions

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A23L 2/02 - Non-alcoholic beveragesDry compositions or concentrates thereforPreparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 9/08 - Solutions
• A61K 31/05 - Phenols
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 33/14 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
• A61K 33/30 - ZincCompounds thereof
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A23L 2/02 - Non-alcoholic beveragesDry compositions or concentrates thereforPreparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
• A61K 33/30 - ZincCompounds thereof
• A61K 33/14 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
• A61K 31/05 - Phenols
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• A61K 9/08 - Solutions

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 2/02 - Non-alcoholic beveragesDry compositions or concentrates thereforPreparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
• A61K 33/30 - ZincCompounds thereof
• A61K 33/14 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
• A61K 31/05 - Phenols
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• A61K 9/08 - Solutions
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 9/08 - Solutions
• A61K 31/05 - Phenols
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 33/14 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
• A61K 33/30 - ZincCompounds thereof
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 2/02 - Non-alcoholic beveragesDry compositions or concentrates thereforPreparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A23L 2/02 - Non-alcoholic beveragesDry compositions or concentrates thereforPreparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
• A61K 33/30 - ZincCompounds thereof
• A61K 33/14 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
• A61K 31/05 - Phenols
• A61K 31/196 - Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino group being directly attached to a ring, e.g. anthranilic acid, mefenamic acid, diclofenac, chlorambucil
• A61K 9/08 - Solutions
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

−) and a natural source of nitrate. In certain embodiments, the probiotic compositions additionally comprises a polyphenol. Also described herein are methods of enhancing generation of bioactive nitrogen oxides in a human subject, of treating or preventing a gastrointestinal disorder in a human subject, of enhancing athletic performance in a human subject, and of enhancing administration of nitrite or nitrate in a human subject, wherein the human subject is administered the probiotic compositions described herein.

IPC Classes  ?

• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 35/741 - Probiotics
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A23L 33/00 - Modifying nutritive qualities of foodsDietetic productsPreparation or treatment thereof
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a reduction in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 9/08 - Solutions
• A61K 31/05 - Phenols
• A61K 31/198 - Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 33/14 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 2/02 - Non-alcoholic beveragesDry compositions or concentrates thereforPreparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 33/30 - ZincCompounds thereof
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

2) during physical exercise, can be enhanced by administering to said mammal a non-toxic amount of nitrate and/or nitrite. Liquid, semi-solid and solid snack and food products and nutritional supplements, such as sport drinks are made available.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 31/375 - Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin CSalts thereof
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A23L 33/105 - Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• A23L 33/135 - Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a drop in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A23L 33/16 - Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• A61K 31/05 - Phenols
• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61K 31/21 - Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
• A61K 36/21 - Amaranthaceae (Amaranth family), e.g. pigweed, rockwort or globe amaranth
• A61K 36/28 - Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)

Abstract

2) during physical exercise, can be enhanced by administering to said mammal a non-toxic amount of nitrate and/or nitrite. Liquid, semi-solid and solid snack and food products and nutritional supplements, such as sport drinks are made available.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A23L 1/30 - containing additives (A23L 1/308 takes precedence);;
• A23L 1/304 - Inorganic salts, minerals, trace elements
• A23L 2/52 - Adding ingredients
• A61K 45/06 - Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• C01D 9/00 - Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general
• A61K 36/185 - Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)

Abstract

Inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite influence metabolic rate and glucose homeostasis. Infusion of nitrite iv caused an acute drop in resting energy expenditure (oxygen consumption) and nitrate, when given perorally, caused a drop in oxygen consumption during exercise and a depression of the increase in blood glucose observed after an oral glucose tolerance test. The doses of nitrate and nitrite did not cause any detectable change in methemoglobin levels of blood. Also, nitrate and nitrite did not alter lactate levels in blood. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate the energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis of a mammal by administration of inorganic nitrite and/or nitrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 33/00 - Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
• A61P 3/00 - Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
• A61P 9/00 - Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• A61P 9/08 - Vasodilators for multiple indications
• A61P 9/10 - Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• A61P 9/12 - Antihypertensives