A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
E21B 29/10 - Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
B23B 41/00 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
E21B 29/10 - Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
B23B 41/00 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor
The present invention is directed to a method of salvaging an elongated oil well tubular that extends downwardly from an oil well platform as well as a saw apparatus of improved configuration. The method includes supporting the tubular in a generally upright or vertical position. A cutting apparatus is placed next to the tubular. The cutting apparatus includes a frame that supports a lifting device and a rotary cutter. The lifting device moves the rotary cutter from a first position to a second position that is higher than the first position. The second position is closer to the tubular than the first position. The rotary cutter can travel in an arcuate path when moving from the first position to the second position. The cutter moves along a selected path to cut the tubular. After cutting, the cut section is removed and the tubular then elevated so that an additional cut can be made. This procedure is repeated multiple times until the tubular has been salvaged, cut into many smaller pieces or sections.
E21B 19/00 - Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrickApparatus for feeding the rods or cables
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
4.
Method and apparatus of hot tapping multiple coaxial or nested strings of underwater piping and/or tubing for overturned wells or platforms
A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
E21B 29/10 - Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
B23B 41/00 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor
The present invention is directed to a method of salvaging an elongated oil well tubular that extends downwardly from an oil well platform as well as a saw apparatus of improved configuration. The method includes supporting the tubular in a generally upright or vertical position. A cutting apparatus is placed next to the tubular. The cutting apparatus includes a frame that supports a lifting device and a rotary cutter. The lifting device moves the rotary cutter from a first position to a second position that is higher than the first position. The second position is closer to the tubular than the first position. The rotary cutter can travel in an arcuate path when moving from the first position to the second position. The cutter moves along a selected path to cut the tubular. After cutting, the cut section is removed and the tubular then elevated so that an additional cut can be made. This procedure is repeated multiple times until the tubular has been salvaged, cut into many smaller pieces or sections.
E21B 19/00 - Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrickApparatus for feeding the rods or cables
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
A method for pulling a crown plug that includes the steps of providing a subsea lubricator having a longitudinal through bore; providing a jacking string with a landing sub and a crown plug connector; lowering the subsea lubricator to a christmas tree and lowering the jacking string to the lubricator, and, connecting the plug connector to the crown plug; jacking up the jack such that tensile forces cause the crown plug to be released from the christmas tree; raising the jacking string and crown plug and detaching the crown plug from the crown plug connector.
E21B 33/035 - Well headsSetting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
E21B 41/04 - Manipulators for underwater operations, e.g. temporarily connected to well heads
E21B 33/043 - Casing headsSuspending casings or tubings in well heads specially adapted for underwater well heads
E21B 23/14 - Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for displacing a cable or a cable-operated tool, e.g. for logging or perforating operations in deviated wells
A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
E21B 29/10 - Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
B23B 41/00 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor
The present invention is directed to a method of salvaging an elongated oil well tubular that extends downwardly from an oil well platform as well as a saw apparatus of improved configuration. The method includes supporting the tubular in a generally upright or vertical position. A cutting apparatus is placed next to the tubular. The cutting apparatus includes a frame that supports a lifting device and a rotary cutter. The lifting device moves the rotary cutter from a first position to a second position that is higher than the first position. The second position is closer to the tubular than the first position. The rotary cutter can travel in an arcuate path when moving from the first position to the second position. The cutter moves along a selected path to cut the tubular. After cutting, the cut section is removed and the tubular then elevated so that an additional cut can be made. This procedure is repeated multiple times until the tubular has been salvaged, cut into many smaller pieces or sections.
A diamond wire saw and method provides a frame that includes a clamp that attaches to a target (e.g. piling, beam, tubular), an elongated toothed rack extending away from the mount and target, and a moving portion that carries the diamond wire and motor drives that advance the moving portion toward the target and along the toothed rack while driving the wire around roller guides.
E03F 3/06 - Methods of, or installations for, laying sewer pipes
B23D 57/00 - Sawing machines or sawing devices not covered by one of groups
F16L 1/16 - Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water on the bottom
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
10.
Articulating drill method and apparatus for cutting openings in nested strings of underwater piping and or tubing for overturned wells or platforms
A method and apparatus for angularly drilling during a tapping procedure into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle.
B23B 41/08 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor for boring, drilling, or tapping holes in tubes under fluid or gas pressure
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
B23B 41/00 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
11.
Method of cutting target members using a cutting saw device
A diamond wire saw and method provides a frame that includes a clamp that attaches to a target (e.g. piling, beam, tubular), an elongated toothed rack extending away from the mount and target, and a moving portion that carries the diamond wire and motor drives that advance the moving portion toward the target and along the toothed rack while driving the wire around roller guides.
E03F 3/06 - Methods of, or installations for, laying sewer pipes
F16L 1/16 - Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water on the bottom
B23D 57/00 - Sawing machines or sawing devices not covered by one of groups
E21B 29/00 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground
12.
Method and apparatus of hot tapping multiple coaxial or nested strings of underwater piping and/or tubing for overturned wells or platforms
A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
E21B 29/10 - Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
B23B 41/00 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor
An internal caisson/jacket leg cutter and method provides a frame having upper and lower end portions. The upper end portion has rigging that enables the frame to be lifted. Extensible arms are movably supported upon the frame. The arms extend and retract along generally radially extending lines. Extension of the arms enables them to contact the inside surface of a caisson/jacket leg and thus center and anchor the frame within the caisson/jacket leg interior. A cutting mechanism at the lower end portion of the frame includes one or more rotary cutters or milling devices that cut the caisson/jacket leg wall as these cutters traverse an arc shaped path, tracking the caisson/jacket leg wall.
An articulating band saw apparatus provides a frame that includes a vertically extending section having upper and lower end portions. An elevator moves between the upper and lower end portions of the frame. A first hydraulic actuator is supported on the elevator for movement therewith. A first arm provides arm end portions, the first arm supported by the first hydraulic actuator. An end of the first arm supporting a second hydraulic actuator that is spaced away from the first hydraulic actuator. The second hydraulic actuator supports a second arm. An endless band type saw is mounted on the free end of the second arm generally opposite the second actuator. The band saw is movable by articulation of the first and second actuators and resulting movement of the first and second arms. In one embodiment, the band saw is a diamond wire saw.
F16L 1/20 - Accessories therefor, e.g. floats or weights
B23D 53/04 - Machines or devices for sawing with strap saw blades which are effectively endless in use, e.g. for contour cutting with the wheels carrying the strap mounted shiftably or swingingly, other than merely for adjustment
B27B 13/12 - Lubricating devices specially designed for band saw blades
B27B 13/16 - Accessories, e.g. for cooling the saw blade
B23D 57/00 - Sawing machines or sawing devices not covered by one of groups
B23D 55/08 - Sawing machines or sawing devices working with strap saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of devices for guiding or feeding strap saw blades
15.
Method of cutting target members using a cutting saw device
A diamond wire saw and method provides a frame that includes a clamp that attaches to a target (e.g. piling, beam, tubular), an elongated toothed rack extending away from the mount and target, and a moving portion that carries the diamond wire and motor drives that advance the moving portion toward the target and along the toothed rack while driving the wire around roller guides.
E03F 3/06 - Methods of, or installations for, laying sewer pipes
E21B 29/00 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground
B26D 1/547 - Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting memberApparatus or machines thereforCutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a wire-like cutting member
16.
Method for pulling a crown plug from a subsea tree
Provided is a method and apparatus for pulling a crown plug from a subsea horizontal christmas tree, the method comprising: (a) providing a subsea lubricator having a longitudinal through bore and a jack attached to the subsea lubricator, the jack having a landing area, and the landing area having an opening which is fluidly connected to the lubricator's through bore; (b) providing a jacking string which includes a landing sub and a crown plug connector, the sub having a landing surface; (c) without the jacking string in step “b”, lowering the subsea lubricator of step “a”, to the horizontal christmas tree and attaching the lubricator to the christmas tree; (d) lowering the jacking string to the lubricator, and, while the landing surface of the landing sub is spaced above and not supported by the landing area of the jack, connecting the plug connector to the crown plug while the landing sub is above and not touching the landing area of the jack; (e) jacking up the jack such that the landing area of the jack contacts the landing surface of the landing sub, and pushes up on the jacking sub and jacking string causing tensile forces to be placed on the crown plug and releasing the crown plug from the profile of the christmas tree; (f) while the lubricator remains attached to the christmas tree, raising the jacking string and crown plug through and out of the lubricator and to the surface of the water to remove the tree; and (g) detaching the crown plug from the crown plug connector.
E21B 23/14 - Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for displacing a cable or a cable-operated tool, e.g. for logging or perforating operations in deviated wells
A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
E21B 29/10 - Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
B23B 41/00 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor
An articulating band saw apparatus provides a frame that includes a vertically extending section having upper and lower end portions. An elevator moves between the upper and lower end portions of the frame. A first hydraulic actuator is supported on the elevator for movement therewith. A first arm provides arm end portions, the first arm supported by the first hydraulic actuator. An end of the first arm supporting a second hydraulic actuator that is spaced away from the first hydraulic actuator. The second hydraulic actuator supports a second arm. An endless band type saw is mounted on the free end of the second arm generally opposite the second actuator. The band saw is movable by articulation of the first and second actuators and resulting movement of the first and second arms. In one embodiment, the band saw is a diamond wire saw.
F16L 1/20 - Accessories therefor, e.g. floats or weights
B23D 53/04 - Machines or devices for sawing with strap saw blades which are effectively endless in use, e.g. for contour cutting with the wheels carrying the strap mounted shiftably or swingingly, other than merely for adjustment
B27B 13/12 - Lubricating devices specially designed for band saw blades
B27B 13/16 - Accessories, e.g. for cooling the saw blade
19.
Articulating drill method and apparatus for cutting openings in nested strings of underwater piping and or tubing for overturned wells or platforms
A method and apparatus for angularly drilling during a tapping procedure into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle.
B23B 41/08 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor for boring, drilling, or tapping holes in tubes under fluid or gas pressure
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
E21B 29/10 - Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
B23B 41/00 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor
An articulating band saw apparatus provides a frame that includes a vertically extending section having upper and lower end portions. An elevator moves between the upper and lower end portions of the frame. A first hydraulic actuator is supported on the elevator for movement therewith. A first arm provides arm end portions, the first arm supported by the first hydraulic actuator. An end of the first arm supporting a second hydraulic actuator that is spaced away from the first hydraulic actuator. The second hydraulic actuator supports a second arm. An endless band type saw is mounted on the free end of the second arm generally opposite the second actuator. The band saw is movable by articulation of the first and second actuators and resulting movement of the first and second arms. In one embodiment, the band saw is a diamond wire saw.
A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
22.
Method of cutting target members using a cutting saw device
A diamond wire saw and method provides a frame that includes a clamp that attaches to a target (e.g. piling, beam, tubular), an elongated toothed rack extending away from the mount and target, and a moving portion that carries the diamond wire and motor drives that advance the moving portion toward the target and along the toothed rack while driving the wire around roller guides.
Provided is a method and apparatus for pulling a crown plug comprising: (a) providing a subsea lubricator having a longitudinal through bore and a jack attached to the subsea lubricator, the jack having a landing area; (b) providing a jacking string which includes a landing sub and a crown plug connector, the sub having a landing surface; (c) without the jacking string in step “b”, lowering the subsea lubricator of step “a”, to the horizontal christmas tree and attaching the lubricator to the christmas tree; (d) lowering the jacking string to the lubricator; (e) jacking up the jack such that the landing area of the jack contacts the landing surface of the landing sub; and (f) while the lubricator remains attached to the christmas tree, raising the jacking string and crown plug through and out of the lubricator.
E21B 29/12 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windowsDeforming of pipes in boreholes or wellsReconditioning of well casings while in the ground specially adapted for underwater installations
E21B 33/043 - Casing headsSuspending casings or tubings in well heads specially adapted for underwater well heads
E21B 41/04 - Manipulators for underwater operations, e.g. temporarily connected to well heads
24.
Method and apparatus of hot tapping multiple coaxial or nested strings of underwater piping and/or tubing for overturned wells or platforms
A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
An internal caisson/jacket leg cutter and method provides a frame having upper and lower end portions. The upper end portion has rigging that enables the frame to be lifted. Extensible arms are movably supported upon the frame. The arms extend and retract along generally radially extending lines. Extension of the arms enables them to contact the inside surface of a caisson/jacket leg and thus center and anchor the frame within the caisson/jacket leg interior. A cutting mechanism at the lower end portion of the frame includes one or more rotary cutters or milling devices that cut the caisson/jacket leg wall as these cutters traverse an arc shaped path, tracking the caisson/jacket leg wall.
An articulating band saw apparatus provides a frame that includes a vertically extending section having upper and lower end portions. An elevator moves between the upper and lower end portions of the frame. A first hydraulic actuator is supported on the elevator for movement therewith. A first arm provides arm end portions, the first arm supported by the first hydraulic actuator. An end of the first arm supporting a second hydraulic actuator that is spaced away from the first hydraulic actuator. The second hydraulic actuator supports a second arm. An endless band type saw is mounted on the free end of the second arm generally opposite the second actuator. The band saw is movable by articulation of the first and second actuators and resulting movement of the first and second arms. In one embodiment, the band saw is a diamond wire saw.
A method and apparatus for angularly drilling during a tapping procedure into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle.
B23B 41/08 - Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor for boring, drilling, or tapping holes in tubes under fluid or gas pressure
28.
Apparatus of hot tapping multiple coaxial or nested strings of underwater piping and/or tubing for overturned wells or platforms
A method and apparatus for tapping into a pressurized multiple strings of coaxially situated tubulars for wells and/or platforms which have overturned wherein the tapping occurs underwater via a diver or remotely operated vehicle. The assembly includes a tapping tool connectable to the tubular via a saddle connection and an adjustable tapping clamp with adjustable support/locking feet, compression plate with view ports, and angularly adjustable hot tapping system, along with a drill/saw system.
F16L 41/06 - Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluidsFittings therefor making use of attaching means embracing the pipe
An articulating band saw apparatus provides a frame that includes a vertically extending section having upper and lower end portions. An elevator moves between the upper and lower end portions of the frame. A first hydraulic actuator is supported on the elevator for movement therewith. A first arm provides arm end portions, the first arm supported by the first hydraulic actuator. An end of the first arm supporting a second hydraulic actuator that is spaced away from the first hydraulic actuator. The second hydraulic actuator supports a second arm. An endless band type saw is mounted on the free end of the second arm generally opposite the second actuator. The band saw is movable by articulation of the first and second actuators and resulting movement of the first and second arms. In one embodiment, the band saw is a diamond wire saw.
A diamond wire saw and method provides a frame that includes a clamp that attaches to a target (e.g. piling, beam, tubular), an elongated toothed rack extending away from the mount and target, and a moving portion that carries the diamond wire and motor drives that advance the moving portion toward the target and along the toothed rack while driving the wire around roller guides.
patents