Provided is a highly efficient heat exchanger member while imparting, to a metal surface, a characteristic that the metal itself does not have with a coating film having excellent thermal conductivity.
Provided is a highly efficient heat exchanger member while imparting, to a metal surface, a characteristic that the metal itself does not have with a coating film having excellent thermal conductivity.
The heat exchanger member is made of metal, and includes a carbon-containing hydrated oxide film (112B) on a surface of the metal, in which fine concave-convex portions (112C) are provided, an average distance between apexes of the convex portions of the fine concave-convex portions (112C) is 20 nm or more and 120 nm or less, an average value of differences in height between apexes of adjacent convex portions and a bottom point of the concave portion is 10 nm or more and 250 nm or less, and at least a portion of a surface of the carbon-containing hydrated oxide film (112B) is a hydrated oxide.
F28F 13/18 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflectingArrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
F24F 1/0059 - Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
Provided is a highly efficient heat exchanger member while imparting, to a metal surface, a characteristic that the metal itself does not have with a coating film having excellent thermal conductivity.
The heat exchanger member is made of metal, and includes a carbon-containing hydrated oxide film (112B) on a surface of the metal, in which fine concave-convex portions (112C) are provided, an average distance between apexes of the convex portions of the fine concave-convex portions (112C) is 20 nm or more and 120 nm or less, an average value of differences in height between apexes of adjacent convex portions and a bottom point of the concave portion is 10 nm or more and 250 nm or less, and at least a portion of a surface of the carbon-containing hydrated oxide film (112B) is a hydrated oxide.
F28F 13/18 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflectingArrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
F24F 1/0059 - Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
6.
HEAT EXCHANGER MEMBER, HEAT EXCHANGER, AIR CONDITIONER INDOOR UNIT, AIR CONDITIONER OUTDOOR UNIT, AND REFRIGERATOR
The present invention realizes a highly efficient heat exchanger member while using a coating having excellent thermal conductivity to impart, to a surface of a metal, properties that the metal itself does not possess. The heat exchanger member comprises a metal, and has, on the surface of the metal, a carbon-containing hydrated oxide film (112B) provided with fine irregularities (112C). The average spacing between the vertices of the protrusions of the fine irregularities (112C) is 20-120 nm, inclusive, and the average value of the difference in height between the vertex of a protrusion and the nadir of a recess that are adjacent to each other is 10-250 nm, inclusive. In addition, at least a portion of the surface of the carbon-containing hydrated oxide film (112B) is constituted by a hydrated oxide.
F28F 1/32 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
F28F 13/18 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflectingArrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
F28F 17/00 - Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
7.
Heat exchanger member, heat exchanger, air conditioner, and refrigerator
A highly efficient heat exchanger member is realized by providing, to a metal surface, a characteristic that is not found in the metal itself with a coating film excelling in thermal conductivity.
A heat exchanger member is made of metal, and includes a carbon-containing oxide film (112B) provided on the metal surface and having fine concave-convex portions (112C). An average spacing between apexes of convex portions of the fine concave-convex portions (112C) is greater than or equal to 40 nm and less than or equal to 120 nm, and an average value of differences in height between apexes of adjacent convex portions and bottom points of concave portions is greater than or equal to 30 nm and less than or equal to 250 nm.
F28F 13/18 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflectingArrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
F24F 1/0059 - Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
F28F 1/32 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
F28F 19/00 - Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters
F28F 19/02 - Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
8.
HEAT EXCHANGER MEMBER, HEAT EXCHANGER, AND COOLING SYSTEM
A heat exchanger member, a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger, and a cooling system that are highly efficient are realized by providing, to a surface of a metal in contact with a refrigerant, of a heat exchanger used for a cooling unit and a heat dissipation unit, characteristics not found in the metal itself with a coating film excelling in thermal conductivity and excelling in wettability with the refrigerant.
A heat exchanger member, a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger, and a cooling system that are highly efficient are realized by providing, to a surface of a metal in contact with a refrigerant, of a heat exchanger used for a cooling unit and a heat dissipation unit, characteristics not found in the metal itself with a coating film excelling in thermal conductivity and excelling in wettability with the refrigerant.
A heat exchanger member made of metal having a surface that comes into contact with a refrigerant when a heat exchanger is operated includes a metal oxide film provided on the surface, having protrusions, and containing crystalline carbon. An average spacing between apexes of the protrusions is greater than or equal to 20 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm, an average value of the heights of the apexes of adjacent protrusions is greater than or equal to 10 nm and less than or equal to 70 nm, and an aspect ratio which is a value obtained by dividing the average height by the average spacing is less than one.
F28F 13/18 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflectingArrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
9.
HEAT EXCHANGER MEMBER, HEAT EXCHANGER, AND COOLING SYSTEM
In the present invention, a highly efficient heat exchanger member, a heat exchanger, and a cooling system are realized by coating the surface of a metal, which is in contact with a refrigerant of the heat exchanger used in a cooling unit or a heat dissipation unit, with a film that has excellent thermal conductivity and superior wettability with the refrigerant, thereby conferring properties that the metal itself does not have. The heat exchanger member, which comprises a metal with a surface that is in contact with the refrigerant when the heat exchanger is operating, has a metal oxide film that provides protrusions to said surface and that contains crystalline carbon. The average interval of the vertices of the protrusions is 20-80 nm; the average value of the height of the vertices of adjacent protrusions is 10-70 nm; and the aspect ratio, which is a value obtained by dividing the average height by the average interval, is less than 1.
F28F 1/40 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
F28F 13/02 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by influencing fluid boundary
F28F 13/04 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by preventing the formation of continuous films of condensate on heat-exchange surfaces, e.g. by promoting droplet formation
F28F 13/18 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflectingArrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
F28F 21/02 - Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite
H01L 23/373 - Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device
H01L 23/427 - Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes
F28F 19/02 - Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
10.
HEAT EXCHANGER MEMBER, HEAT EXCHANGER, AIR CONDITIONER, AND REFRIGERATOR
The present invention achieves a highly efficient heat exchanger member with a metal surface coated with a highly thermally conductive film which provides properties not found in the metal itself. The heat exchanger member comprises metal and has a carbon-containing oxide film (112B) provided with fine irregularities (112C) on the metal surface. The average spacing between the vertices of the protrusions of the fine irregularities (112C) falls within the range of 40-120 nm. The average difference in height between the vertex of a protrusion and the bottom point of a recess that are adjacent to each other falls within the range of 30-250 nm.
F28F 13/18 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflectingArrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
F24F 1/0059 - Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
F24F 1/14 - Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
F25D 19/00 - Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices
F28F 1/32 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
[Problem] To provide a die, which is molded by wire electric discharge machining and for which dimensional changes that occur with time can be limited, and a die manufacturing method. [Solution] The manufacturing method is provided with a forming process (S1) of forming the die and a dimensional change-limiting process (S2) of performing heat-treatment after the forming process (S1) to limit dimensional changes that occur with time. The forming process (S1) is provided with a hardening process (S11) of hardening the die material that has been rough-processed, a tempering process (S13) of tempering the die material after the hardening process (S11), and a machining process (S15) of shaping the die by wire electric discharge machining of the die material after the tempering process (S13). In order to improve the state of the heat-affected zone formed from the machining surface towards the interior by the wire electric discharge machining, a medium temperature tempering process in which the tempering temperature is 350-400°C is performed in the dimensional change-limiting process (S2) as the heat-treatment for limiting dimensional changes that occur over time.
