A processing unit includes a naphtha hydrotreating unit comprising a first divided wall column. The first divided wall column includes a wall dividing a top portion of the first divided wall column, an outlet associated with the second top section of the first divided wall column for recovery of liquid petroleum gas, and an outlet associated with a bottoms portion of the first divided wall column and coupled to a naphtha splitter system. The processing unit also includes a deisopentanizer column coupled to an output of a naphtha splitter of the naphtha splitter system, an isomerization unit coupled to an outlet of the deisopentanizer column, and a second divided wall column. The second divided wall column includes a wall dividing a top portion of the second divided wall column, an inlet coupled to an outlet of a stabilizer column of the isomerization unit, an outlet for recovery of a first isomerate stream, and an outlet associated with a bottoms portion of the second divided wall column for recovery of a second isomerate stream. The processing unit also includes an isomerization reactor coupled between the deisopentanizer column and the stabilizer column.
The invention is directed to a combined naphtha hydrotreating (NHT) and isomerization process scheme, which includes dividing wall columns (DWC) that replace multiple distillation columns and allow optimized heat integration within the system. The disclosed design provides reductions in both capital and energy costs compared to conventional schemes.
The present disclosure relates to a valve tray for use in a chemical process column. The valve tray includes a plurality of apertures formed therein. A plurality of valves are maintained in a spaced relationship relative to individual apertures of the plurality of apertures. An area of the individual apertures is less than an area of individual valves of the plurality of valves.
A method of fractionating a feedstock with a distillation column that includes an L-shaped dividing wall includes feeding a feedstock into the distillation column. The L-shaped dividing wall includes an upper portion extending vertically within the distillation column and a bottom portion extending away from the upper portion towards a feed side of the distillation column. The method also includes manipulating, with a side reboiler, a vapor split within the distillation column. An inlet of the side reboiler is coupled to the distillation column at a position below the bottom portion of the L-shaped dividing wall and an outlet of the side reboiler is coupled to the distillation column at a position above the bottom portion of the L-shaped dividing wall.
A top divided wall distillation column (TDWC) is disclosed that separates multiple feedstocks to produce, from the top of the TDWC, xylene mixtures with different compositions. The TDWC allows for production of xylene mixtures with different compositions to be segregated and fed to different locations within a paraxylene recovery section. Different feedstocks are fed to either side of the TDWC depending on the compositions or difference in isomer ratios of the feedstocks. The xylene mixtures produced at the top from two sides of the column will have different isomer ratios from one another, but the isomer ratios are the same as the isomer ratios of their respective feedstocks.
Systems and methods for improved recovery of LPG from a hydrocarbon feed include a distillation column, a receiver coupled to an overhead section of the distillation column, and an absorber comprising a first inlet coupled to the receiver and a second inlet coupled to a heavy hydrocarbons stream. A vapor stream is separated from the hydrocarbon feed and sent to a receiver. The receiver separates a non-condensables stream comprising LPG components from the vapor stream, and the non-condensables feed is combined with a heavy hydrocarbon stream in an absorber. In the absorber, the heavy hydrocarbon stream absorbs the LPG components. A stream that includes the heavy hydrocarbons and the absorbed LPG components is fed back to the distillation column to recover additional LPG.
C10G 70/00 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , ,
C10G 70/04 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
F25J 3/00 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
Process for the distillative separation of ethylbenzene from a mixture comprising ethylbenzene and at least one other C8 aromatic compound, comprising distilling said mixture in a distillation column in the presence of an extractive solvent, characterized in that the distillation column is operated at a sub-atmospheric pressure.
C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
8.
PROCESS FOR THE ENHANCED SEPARATION OF ETHYLBENZENE
A process for the distillative separation of ethylbenzene from a mixture comprising ethylbenzene and at least one other C8 aromatic compound, comprising introducing a feed stream comprising said mixture into a first distillation column, introducing a first stream comprising a heavy solvent above the feed stream into the first distillation column, introducing an aqueous stream below the feed stream into the first distillation column.
C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
9.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ORIFICE CONTROL OF VALVE PRESSURE DROP
The present invention relates to a valve tray for use in a chemical process column. The valve tray includes a plurality of apertures formed therein. A plurality of valves are maintained in a spaced relationship relative to individual apertures of the plurality of apertures. An area of the individual apertures is less than an area of individual valves of the plurality of valves.
Apparatuses, systems and methods for extracting isoprene using minimum capital investment, operating cost, and relatively corrosion free environment are disclosed herein. Embodiments of the invention are directed to producing pure isoprene and gasoline quality raffinate (free or sulfur and acetylenes) which are of value in manufacturing rubbers and other polymers.
C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
11.
SEPARATING UNSATURATED FROM SATURATED HYDROCARBONS WITH LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Apparatuses, systems and methods for separating highly pure unsaturated olefinic hydrocarbon stream with zero cooling water and or steam consumption, with minimum possible capital investment and uncompromised operational ease are disclosed herein from a mixture of hydrocarbon stream consisting of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Embodiments of the invention are directed to producing a hydrocarbon stream containing polymer, chemical grade ethylene, propylene, butylenes, isoprene, hexane stream which are of value in manufacturing chemicals, polymers, and rubbers. Embodiments of the process provided can be applied to concentrating ethylene, propylene, butylenes, cyclopentadiene, isoprene, 2 methyl butene, isopentane, and hexene.
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for separating high concentrations of acetic acid from terephthalic acid (TPA) and optionally TPA and isophthalic acid (IP A) mix, allowing the TPA or IPA/TPA mix to be further processed by a purification plant.
Embodiments of the invention are directed to a process wherein two different unit operations (absorption and distillation) take place on either side of a top dividing wall column. One side of the dividing wall column uses absorption to separate non-condensable components from the feed; the other side of the dividing wall uses distillation to separate heavier liquid components.
C07C 7/12 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by fractional condensation
Apparatuses, systems and methods for separating heavy hydrocarbons from a solvent stream are disclosed. The heavy hydrocarbons and solvent can be recovered and processed further.
B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
C07C 7/10 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
An embodiment relates to a process for converting lower molecular weight, gaseous alkanes to higher hydrocarbons, such as olefins, higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof, that may use in-line hydrogen bromide oxidation for capture of hydrogen bromide produced in the process. An embodiment may provide a process for producing elemental halogen comprising: providing a first stream comprising a hydrogen halide; contacting the first stream with a metal oxide to form water, elemental halogen, and at least some metal halide, wherein the metal oxide comprises a metal capable of forming a plurality of stable oxidation states; and contacting the metal halide with an oxygen source to produce a regenerated metal oxide, wherein the oxygen source contacts the metal halide under conditions sufficient to avoid release of elemental halogen.
Apparatuses, systems and methods for producing Pips stream for manufacturing catalytic C5 hydrocarbon resins containing all the key reactive monomers that are already present in the C5 fraction of the pyrolysis gasoline, which is otherwise lost with the crude isoprene stream, are disclosed herein. Embodiments of the invention are directed to producing a hydrocarbon resin grade DCPD stream consisting of dimers and codimers of isoprene which are of value in manufacturing thermal hydrocarbon resins, either polymer grade isoprene and gasoline quality raffinate (free or sulfur and acetylenes) or a relatively small crude isoprene stream with maximum utilization of isoprene by moving some of the isoprene to a DCPD stream used to manufacture thermal hydrocarbon resins.
C07C 7/08 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
Processes and systems for recovering bromine. A process may comprise contacting a gas stream comprising bromine with a liquid bromide stream comprising bromide anions to produce at least an off-gas stream that is substantially bromine free and a liquid stream comprising bromine anionic complexes; and heating at least a portion of the liquid stream to produce at least bromine from at least a portion of the bromine anionic complexes.
C07C 1/26 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero atoms
18.
SEPARATION OF IMPURITIES DURING EXTRACTION PROCESSES
A process for the removal of sulfur compounds from a hydrocarbon stream is disclosed. The process includes extractive distillation of a feed stock coupled with a solvent recovery column having a vapor side draw containing the sulfur compound impurities.
The claimed invention provides a technique wherein the two column system is combined into a single column. The light components are concentrated on the prefractionation side (feed side) of the column, where they are removed as an overhead top product. The middle boiling components are removed as an overhead product on the opposite side of dividing wall. For the same product specifications, top divided column requires substantially lower capital and operating cost than a conventional two-column system.
The claimed invention relates to a method for reducing energy consumption in a distillation process by using thermal coupling. Embodiments of the claimed invention are directed to the inclusion of a side reboiler and a partial condenser in the prefractionation section of a first column, which in turn helps to uniformly distribute the vapor liquid traffic between a first column and a second column.
A process and system for recovering hydrogen bromide, methane, ethane and propane from butane and higher hydrocarbon products by means of condensation, cryogenic liquefaction and distillation, and for oxidation of the hydrogen bromide to bromine for re-use within a gas-conversion process for producing higher-molecular weight hydrocarbons.
C07C 1/26 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero atoms
C07C 2/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
C07C 17/013 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of halogens
22.
PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR OBTAINING AROMATICS FROM CATALYTIC CRACKING HYDROCARBONS
Methods and processes for producing paraxylene from catalytic cracking hydrocarbons, particularly C4 and C5+ streams, are disclosed. Each of the processing steps may be tailored to the overall objective of high paraxylene yield from a relative inexpensive feedstock.
The inventive process is directed to the production of xylenes through integration of aromatics methylation and transalkylation. This integrated process maximizes the production of xylenes and eliminates or minimizes the production of benzene.
Processes for forming carbon disulfide from a gas stream containing hydrogen sulfide. A gaseous stream comprising lower molecular weight alkanes and hydrogen sulfide may be contacted with sufficient bromine at a temperature of from about 250° C. to about 530° C. to convert substantially all of said hydrogen sulfide to carbon disulfide. The gaseous stream may contain from about 0.001 to about 20 mo! % hydrogen sulfide. The molar ratio of bromine to hydrogen sulfide may be about 2:1.
C07C 2/86 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
A method is provided for vaporizing a liquid elemental halogen. A heating gas is preheated in the absence of halogen to a preheat temperature which results in a preheated heating gas. The preheated heating gas is directly contacted with a feed of a liquid elemental halogen and heats the feed to a vaporizing temperature sufficient to vaporize at least a portion of the feed to a quantity of an elemental halogen vapor. A gas mixture results which includes the heating gas and the quantity of the elemental halogen vapor.
C07C 1/30 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero atoms by splitting-off the elements of hydrogen halide from a single molecule
C07C 2/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
C07C 17/00 - Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
26.
PRODUCTION OF XYLENES BY METHYLATION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
The inventive method is directed to the production of xylenes by methylation of aromatic compounds with methanol. The process uses fixed bed reactors, operates at lower pressure, and without the need for hydrogen or other gas recycle.
Methods for recovering energy from a mother liquor stream in paraxylene crystallization processes are disclosed herein. The low temperature energy from the mother liquor is optimally utilized to reduce the refrigeration burden on the crystallization process.
A process to convert glycerin into propylene glycol and purifying the produced propylene glycol is described. The glycerin-based propylene glycol production requires only one process step compared to petroleum/natural gas-based propylene glycol production requires multiple process steps, and thus represents a cost savings.
C07C 29/74 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
29.
STRUCTURED PACKING FOR GAS-LIQUID MASS TRANSFER UNIT
Summarized are the objects to be solved as follows. (1) Prevention liquid from intersecting the crease of the corrugation to fall into a free space. (2) Liquid flowing in to the slot makes frequent liquid and vapor interfacial update. (3) Positive utilization of wetted area. The most important point of this invention is taking a large the value 3.5 or more of PIH (pitch/height of the crimp) and providing the horizontal slot on the crease, resulting in adding the flow reversal mechanism and the frequent interfacial update.
Methods and apparatuses for extractive distillation using internal addition of steam to an extractive distillation column from a reboiler are described herein. The apparatuses include an extractive distillation column, a reboiler (for example, a kettle reboiler) coupled to the extractive distillation column, and a steam input line. The steam input line is coupled to an internal steam sparger device of the reboiler. Methods utilizing the apparatuses to perform extractive distillation of a hydrocarbon feed stream are also described herein.
In various embodiments, the present disclosure describes methods for removing impurities from a hydrocarbon stream containing at least one vinyl aromatic compound such as, for example, styrene. The methods include pretreating at least one sorbent to make the at least one sorbent operable for adsorbing the impurities, contacting the hydrocarbon stream with the at least one sorbent in order to adsorb at least a portion of the impurities and separating the hydrocarbon stream from the at least one sorbent. Impurities include, for example, colored impurities, sulfur-containing impurities and combinations thereof.
In various embodiments, the present disclosure describes processes and systems for recovery of styrene from a styrene-rich feedstock. The processes and systems maintain performance of an extractive solvent used in the styrene recovery. In general, the processes include introducing a styrene-rich feedstock to an extractive distillation column, removing a styrene-rich stream from the extractive distillation column, introducing the styrene-rich stream to a solvent recovery column, removing a styrene-lean stream from the solvent recovery column, separating and treating a portion of the styrene-lean stream to form a treated extractive solvent and recycling the treated extractive solvent. In some embodiments, the treating process also includes steam stripping. Styrene-recovery systems including an extractive distillation column, a solvent recovery column, a solvent treatment apparatus having at least one equilibrium stage and a continuous circulation loop connecting these components are also disclosed herein.
High temperatures and oxygen exposure during extractive distillation can result in polymerization of vinyl aromatic compounds. In various embodiments, the present disclosure relates to methods for inhibiting polymerization of vinyl aromatic compounds during extractive distillation. In various embodiments, the methods include a) providing a mixture containing at least one vinyl aromatic compound, b) adding at least one dinitrophenol inhibitor to the mixture, and c) after step b), performing an extractive distillation on the mixture to isolate the at least one vinyl aromatic compound. Purified styrene can be isolated by the methods described herein. In some embodiments, the dinitrophenol inhibitor is 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (DNBP).
B01D 3/34 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
C07C 7/20 - Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
Apparatuses and systems for removing heavy hydrocarbons from a solvent stream are disclosed herein. The apparatuses extract heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons and provide a solvent stream having the heavy hydrocarbons removed. Two water washing steps are used to remove residual solvent from the heavy hydrocarbon solution in light hydrocarbons. In some embodiments, the second water wash is used for processing subsequent batches of the solvent stream. The heavy hydrocarbons and solvent can be recovered and processed further. Methods for removing heavy hydrocarbons from a solvent stream are also disclosed herein.
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
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