A valve includes a body, an inlet configured to receive a pressurized gas, an outlet configured to receive the pressurized gas from the inlet, and a region configured to receive the pressurized gas from the inlet. The valve further includes a plug having a longitudinal axis and configured to be controllably moved within the body along the longitudinal axis. The plug is movable between a sealed position and at least one non-sealed position. The plug in the sealed position forms a first seal and a second seal with the body, the first seal between the inlet and the outlet and the second seal between the inlet and the region. The plug in the sealed position is biased towards the sealed position by the pressurized gas. The plug in the at least one non-sealed position is biased away from the sealed position by the pressurized gas.
An apparatus is configured to be rotated within a vacuum vessel of a plasma compression system. The apparatus includes a substantially cylindrical outer wall configured to rotate about a longitudinal symmetry axis. The outer wall includes an outer surface, an inner surface at least partially bounding an inner volume of the apparatus, and a plurality of channels extending through the outer wall. The inner volume is configured to contain a liquid medium. The apparatus further includes a plurality of valves affixed to the outer wall and in fluid communication with the plurality of channels. The plurality of valves is configured to selectively control pressurized gas flow from outside the outer surface, through the plurality of channels, into the inner volume.
A control system manipulates one or more of the shape, timing, and magnitude of a pressure pulse (“plasma pulse trajectory”) generated by a plasma compression system to implode a liquid liner surrounding a cavity containing plasma, thereby compressing the plasma. The liquid liner and cavity are created by rotating a liquid medium in a vessel. Compression drivers extend perpendicularly around the liquid medium's rotational axis. Multiple layers of compression drivers are stacked in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis to form multiple pressure zones extending along the rotational axis. The control system separately controls each pressure zone, or groups of pressure zones, to generate individual pressure pulses each having a different pressure pulse trajectory in each pressure zone. The multiple individual pressure pulses collectively form a combined pressure pulse having a pressure pulse trajectory that varies along the rotational axis.
A plasma compression system comprises a plasma containment vessel, an annular rotating core inside the vessel, and a plurality of compression drivers fixedly mounted to an outer surface of the vessel wall. The annular rotating core contains a liquid medium and is rotatable to circulate the liquid medium and form a liquid liner with a cavity. The rotating core comprises an outer surface spaced from an inner surface of the vessel wall to define an annular gap, and a plurality of implosion drivers each comprising a pusher bore with a pusher piston slideable therein. Each pusher bore extends through the rotating core. The plurality of compression drivers compresses a compression fluid in the annular gap and creates a pressure pulse, such that when the rotating core rotates and the liquid medium fills the pusher bores, the pusher pistons are operable to push the liquid medium inwards to collapse the liquid liner and compress a plasma in the cavity.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Nuclear fusion energy reactor and reactor subcomponents; nuclear fusion power generators
(2) Plasma generator for scientific, research and development purposes; plasma injector for scientific, research and development purposes; plasma accelerator for scientific, research and development purposes; nuclear fusion reactor for scientific, research and development purposes; plasma generator for plasma physics research; nuclear fusion reactor for plasma physics research; nuclear gauges used for measuring the physical properties of matter
(3) Nuclear power plants; nuclear generators; nuclear reactors; nuclear reactor pressure vessels; installations for processing nuclear fuel and nuclear moderating material (1) Installation, maintenance and repair of nuclear fusion based power plants; providing information relating to the repair or maintenance of nuclear power plants; consulting services in the field of construction of nuclear fusion power facilities; construction of nuclear fusion power plants; installation, maintenance and repair of energy generation equipment
(2) Providing technical information in the field of power generation; consultation in the field of custom fabrication of Nuclear fusion energy reactors and reactor subcomponents
(3) Research and development in the field of nuclear energy; project design development in the field of nuclear fusion energy reactors, reactor subcomponents, and nuclear fusion energy systems; nuclear engineering; research and development in the field of energy transfer performance
7.
PLASMA COMPRESSION SYSTEM UTILIZING POLOIDAL FIELD COILS
Examples of a plasma compression system are disclosed. The system includes a metallic vessel configured to receive and contain a plasma. The system further includes a metallic liquid liner in the vessel and at least partially bounding a plasma compression region having a longitudinal axis, and means for moving the liquid liner inwardly towards the longitudinal axis to compress the plasma in the plasma compression region. The system further includes a plurality of electrically conductive coils outside the plasma compression region and configured to generate a poloidal magnetic field in the liquid liner and the plasma compression region. At least some of the poloidal magnetic field within the plasma compression region extends along the longitudinal axis, and at least some of the poloidal magnetic field in the liquid liner moves inwardly towards the longitudinal axis with the liquid liner as the liquid liner moves towards the longitudinal axis.
Examples of a plasma compression system are disclosed. The system includes a metallic vessel configured to receive and contain a plasma. The system further includes a metallic liquid liner in the vessel and at least partially bounding a plasma compression region having a longitudinal axis, and means for moving the liquid liner inwardly towards the longitudinal axis to compress the plasma in the plasma compression region. The system further includes a plurality of electrically conductive coils outside the plasma compression region and configured to generate a poloidal magnetic field in the liquid liner and the plasma compression region. At least some of the poloidal magnetic field within the plasma compression region extends along the longitudinal axis, and at least some of the poloidal magnetic field in the liquid liner moves inwardly towards the longitudinal axis with the liquid liner as the liquid liner moves towards the longitudinal axis.
A valve includes a body, an inlet configured to receive a pressurized gas, an outlet configured to receive the pressurized gas from the inlet, and a region configured to receive the pressurized gas from the inlet. The valve further includes a plug having a longitudinal axis and configured to be controllably moved within the body along the longitudinal axis. The plug is movable between a sealed position and at least one non-sealed position. The plug in the sealed position forms a first seal and a second seal with the body, the first seal between the inlet and the outlet and the second seal between the inlet and the region. The plug in the sealed position is biased towards the sealed position by the pressurized gas. The plug in the at least one non-sealed position is biased away from the sealed position by the pressurized gas.
A valve includes a body, an inlet configured to receive a pressurized gas, an outlet configured to receive the pressurized gas from the inlet, and a region configured to receive the pressurized gas from the inlet. The valve further includes a plug having a longitudinal axis and configured to be controllably moved within the body along the longitudinal axis. The plug is movable between a sealed position and at least one non-sealed position. The plug in the sealed position forms a first seal and a second seal with the body, the first seal between the inlet and the outlet and the second seal between the inlet and the region. The plug in the sealed position is biased towards the sealed position by the pressurized gas. The plug in the at least one non-sealed position is biased away from the sealed position by the pressurized gas.
A plasma compression driver is connected to a plasma containment vessel containing a liquid medium that forms a liquid liner containing plasma, and comprises a pair of coaxially aligned pistons that are sequentially driven towards the liquid liner. A pusher bore containing a pusher piston is coaxial with and has a smaller diameter than a driver bore containing a driver piston such that an interconnecting annular face surface is defined at the junction of the driver and pusher bores. During the compression operation, a prime mover accelerates the driver piston towards the pusher piston and compresses a compression fluid, which accelerates the pusher piston and pushes the liquid medium in the pusher bore into the vessel, causing the liquid liner to collapse, and compressing the plasma. Outward forces on the vessel wall caused by compression driver recoil and increased vessel pressure is counteracted by an inward force applied by the compression fluid on the annular face surface during the compression operation.
F04B 37/18 - Pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups for special use for specific elastic fluids
F04B 39/00 - Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups
F04B 35/00 - Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
F04B 53/14 - Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
F04B 53/16 - CasingsCylindersCylinder liners or headsFluid connections
H05H 1/50 - Generating plasma using an arc and using applied magnetic fields, e.g. for focusing or rotating the arc
A plasma compression system comprises a plasma containment vessel, an annular rotating core inside the vessel, and a plurality of compression drivers fixedly mounted to an outer surface of the vessel wall. The annular rotating core contains a liquid medium and is rotatable to circulate the liquid medium and form a liquid liner with a cavity. The rotating core comprises an outer surface spaced from an inner surface of the vessel wall to define an annular gap, and a plurality of implosion drivers each comprising a pusher bore with a pusher piston slideable therein. Each pusher bore extends through the rotating core. The plurality of compression drivers compresses a compression fluid in the annular gap and creates a pressure pulse, such that when the rotating core rotates and the liquid medium fills the pusher bores, the pusher pistons are operable to push the liquid medium inwards to collapse the liquid liner and compress a plasma in the cavity.
A control system manipulates one or more of the shape, timing, and magnitude of a pressure pulse ("plasma pulse trajectory") generated by a plasma compression system to implode a liquid liner surrounding a cavity containing plasma, thereby compressing the plasma. The liquid liner and cavity are created by rotating a liquid medium in a vessel. Compression drivers extend perpendicularly around the liquid medium's rotational axis. Multiple layers of compression drivers are stacked in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis to form multiple pressure zones extending along the rotational axis. The control system separately controls each pressure zone, or groups of pressure zones, to generate individual pressure pulses each having a different pressure pulse trajectory in each pressure zone. The multiple individual pressure pulses collectively form a combined pressure pulse having a pressure pulse trajectory that varies along the rotational axis.
A plasma compression system comprises a plasma containment vessel, an annular rotating core inside the vessel, and a plurality of compression drivers fixedly mounted to an outer surface of the vessel wall. The annular rotating core contains a liquid medium and is rotatable to circulate the liquid medium and form a liquid liner with a cavity. The rotating core comprises an outer surface spaced from an inner surface of the vessel wall to define an annular gap, and a plurality of implosion drivers each comprising a pusher bore with a pusher piston slideable therein. Each pusher bore extends through the rotating core. The plurality of compression drivers compresses a compression fluid in the annular gap and creates a pressure pulse, such that when the rotating core rotates and the liquid medium fills the pusher bores, the pusher pistons are operable to push the liquid medium inwards to collapse the liquid liner and compress a plasma in the cavity.
A control system manipulates one or more of the shape, timing, and magnitude of a pressure pulse ("plasma pulse trajectory") generated by a plasma compression system to implode a liquid liner surrounding a cavity containing plasma, thereby compressing the plasma. The liquid liner and cavity are created by rotating a liquid medium in a vessel. Compression drivers extend perpendicularly around the liquid medium's rotational axis. M ultiple layers of compression drivers are stacked in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis to form multiple pressure zones extending along the rotational axis. The control system separately controls each pressure zone, or groups of pressure zones, to generate individual pressure pulses each having a different pressure pulse trajectory in each pressure zone. The multiple individual pressure pulses collectively form a combined pressure pulse having a pressure pulse trajectory that varies along the rotational axis.
A method and system for stably generating and accelerating magnetized plasma comprises ionizing an injected gas in a plasma generator and generating a formation magnetic field to form a magnetized plasma with a closed poloidal field, generating a reverse poloidal field behind the magnetized plasma and having a same field direction as a back edge of the closed poloidal field and having an opposite field direction of the formation magnetic field, and generating a pushing toroidal field that pushes the reverse poloidal field against the closed poloidal field, thereby accelerating the magnetized plasma through a plasma accelerator downstream from the plasma generator. The reverse poloidal field serves to prevent the reconnection of the formation magnetic field and closed poloidal field after the magnetized plasma is formed, which would allow the pushing toroidal field to mix with the closed poloidal field and cause instability and reduced plasma confinement.
H01F 7/06 - ElectromagnetsActuators including electromagnets
H05H 1/12 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using applied magnetic fields only wherein the containment vessel forms a closed loop, e.g. stellarator
17.
System and method for generating plasma and sustaining plasma magnetic field
A system for generating magnetized plasma and sustaining plasma's magnetic field comprises a plasma generator for generating magnetized plasma and a flux conserver in which the generated magnetized plasma is injected and confined. A central conductor comprises an upper central conductor and a lower central conductor that are electrically connected forming a single integrated conductor. The upper central conductor and an outer electrode form an annular plasma propagating channel. The lower central conductor extends out of the plasma generator and into the flux conserver such that an end of the inner electrode is electrically connected to a wall of the flux conserver. A power system provides a formation current pulse and a sustainment current pulse to the central conductor to form the magnetized plasma, inject such plasma into the flux conserver and sustain plasma's magnetic field.
G21B 1/21 - Electric power supply systems, e.g. for magnet systems
G21B 1/05 - Thermonuclear fusion reactors with magnetic or electric plasma confinement
H05H 1/04 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using magnetic fields substantially generated by the discharge in the plasma
H05H 1/02 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma
H05H 1/22 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma for injection heating
A plasma compression driver is connected to a plasma containment vessel containing a liquid medium that forms a liquid liner containing plasma, and comprises a pair of coaxially aligned pistons that are sequentially driven towards the liquid liner. A pusher bore containing a pusher piston is coaxial with and has a smaller diameter than a driver bore containing a driver piston such that an interconnecting annular face surface is defined at the junction of the driver and pusher bores. During the compression operation, a prime mover accelerates the driver piston towards the pusher piston and compresses a compression fluid, which accelerates the pusher piston and pushes the liquid medium in the pusher bore into the vessel, causing the liquid liner to collapse, and compressing the plasma. Outward forces on the vessel wall caused by compression driver recoil and increased vessel pressure is counteracted by an inward force applied by the compression fluid on the annular face surface during the compression operation.
F04B 37/12 - Pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups for special use to obtain high pressure
F04B 37/18 - Pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups for special use for specific elastic fluids
A plasma compression driver is connected to a plasma containment vessel containing a liquid medium that forms a liquid liner containing plasma, and comprises a pair of coaxially aligned pistons that are sequentially driven towards the liquid liner. A pusher bore containing a pusher piston is coaxial with and has a smaller diameter than a driver bore containing a driver piston such that an interconnecting annular face surface is defined at the junction of the driver and pusher bores. During the compression operation, a prime mover accelerates the driver piston towards the pusher piston and compresses a compression fluid, which accelerates the pusher piston and pushes the liquid medium in the pusher bore into the vessel, causing the liquid liner to collapse, and compressing the plasma. Outward forces on the vessel wall caused by compression driver recoil and increased vessel pressure is counteracted by an inward force applied by the compression fluid on the annular face surface during the compression operation.
F04B 37/12 - Pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups for special use to obtain high pressure
F04B 37/18 - Pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups for special use for specific elastic fluids
A method and system for stably generating and accelerating magnetized plasma comprises ionizing an injected gas in a plasma generator and generating a formation magnetic field to form a magnetized plasma with a closed poloidal field, generating a reverse poloidal field behind the magnetized plasma and having a same field direction as a back edge of the closed poloidal field and having an opposite field direction of the formation magnetic field, and generating a pushing toroidal field that pushes the reverse poloidal field against the closed poloidal field, thereby accelerating the magnetized plasma through a plasma accelerator downstream from the plasma generator. The reverse poloidal field serves to prevent the reconnection of the formation magnetic field and closed poloidal field after the magnetized plasma is formed, which would allow the pushing toroidal field to mix with the closed poloidal field and cause instability and reduced plasma confinement.
A method and system for stably generating and accelerating magnetized plasma comprises ionizing an injected gas in a plasma generator and generating a formation magnetic field to form a magnetized plasma with a closed poloidal field, generating a reverse poloidal field behind the magnetized plasma and having a same field direction as a back edge of the closed poloidal field and having an opposite field direction of the formation magnetic field, and generating a pushing toroidal field that pushes the reverse poloidal field against the closed poloidal field, thereby accelerating the magnetized plasma through a plasma accelerator downstream from the plasma generator. The reverse poloidal field serves to prevent the reconnection of the formation magnetic field and closed poloidal field after the magnetized plasma is formed, which would allow the pushing toroidal field to mix with the closed poloidal field and cause instability and reduced plasma confinement.
Examples of systems for forming cavity and a liquid liner are described. The system comprises a vessel and a rotating member positioned within the vessel and rotatable about an axis of rotation. The rotating member has an inner surface 5 curved with respect to the axis of rotation, an outer and plurality of fluid passages that each has an inboard opening at the inner surface and an outboard opening at the outer surface. The rotating member is filled with a liquid medium and a rotational driver rotates the rotating member such that when rotating the liquid medium at least partially fills the fluid passages forming liquid liner, defining the 10 cavity. The cavity formation system is used in a liquid liner implosion system with an implosion driver that causes the liquid liner to implode inwardly collapsing the cavity. The imploding liquid liner system can be used in plasma compression systems.
Examples of a high voltage insulator are described. The high-voltage insulator is vacuum compatible and comprises a glass substrate having a face surface and a ceramic layer with uniform thickness coated on the face surface of 5 the glass substrate. The coated surface of the insulator is able to withstand high voltage pulses and exposure to charged particles radiation for a pre-determined time period. The ceramic coated glass insulator is made of a single piece of glass and can be made to large sizes.
H01B 3/08 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartzInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances glassInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances glass woolInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances slag woolInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances vitreous enamels
H01B 3/12 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances ceramics
Examples of systems for imploding liquid liner are described. The imploding system comprises a vessel and a rotating member positioned within the vessel. The rotating member has a plurality of shaped blades that form a plurality of curved passages that have an inboard opening at an inner surface and an outboard end at an outer surface. The rotating member is at least partially filled with liquid medium. A driver is used to rotate the rotating member such that when the rotating member rotates the liquid medium is forced into the passages forming a liquid liner with an interface curved with respect to an axis of rotation and defining a cavity. The system further comprises an implosion driver that changes the rotational speed of the rotating member such that the liquid liner is imploded inwardly collapsing the cavity. The imploding liquid liner can be used in plasma compression systems.
A system for generating magnetized plasma and sustaining plasma's magnetic field comprises a plasma generator for generating magnetized plasma and a flux conserver in which the generated magnetized plasma is injected and confined. A central conductor comprises an upper central conductor and a lower central conductor that are electrically connected forming a single integrated conductor. The upper central conductor and an outer electrode form an annular plasma propagating channel. The lower central conductor extends out of the plasma generator and into the flux conserver such that an end of the inner electrode is electrically connected to a wall of the flux conserver. A power system provides a formation current pulse and a sustainment current pulse to the central conductor to form the magnetized plasma, inject such plasma into the flux conserver and sustain plasma's magnetic field.
H05H 1/04 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using magnetic fields substantially generated by the discharge in the plasma
A system for generating magnetized plasma and sustaining plasma's magnetic field comprises a plasma generator for generating magnetized plasma and a flux conserver in which the generated magnetized plasma is injected and confined. A central conductor comprises an upper central conductor and a lower central conductor that are electrically connected forming a single integrated conductor. The upper central conductor and an outer electrode form an annular plasma propagating channel. The lower central conductor extends out of the plasma generator and into the flux conserver such that an end of the inner electrode is electrically connected to a wall of the flux conserver. A power system provides a formation current pulse and a sustainment current pulse to the central conductor to form the magnetized plasma, inject such plasma into the flux conserver and sustain plasma's magnetic field.
H05H 1/04 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using magnetic fields substantially generated by the discharge in the plasma
Examples of a system for generating and compressing magnetized plasma are disclosed. The system comprises a plasma generator with a first closed end and an outlet, and a flux conserving chamber that is in tight fluid communication with the outlet of the plasma generator such that the generated plasma is injected into an inner cavity of the flux conserving chamber. An elongated central axial shaft is also provided such that the central shaft extends through the outlet of the plasma generator into the flux conserver. The end of the central shaft in connected to the flux conserver. A power source that comprises a formation power circuit and a shaft power circuit is provided to provide a formation power pulse to the plasma generator to generate magnetized plasma, and a shaft power pulse to the central axial shaft to generate a toroidal magnetic field into the plasma generator and the flux conserving chamber. The duration of the shaft power pulse is longer than the duration of the formation power pulse to maintain plasma q-profile at a pre-determined range. During plasma compression the shaft power pulse is increased to match the raise of the plasma poloidal field due to the compression and thus maintain the q-profile of the plasma.
Examples of a system for generating and compressing magnetized plasma are disclosed. The system comprises a plasma generator with a first closed end and an outlet, and a flux conserving chamber that is in tight fluid communication with the outlet of the plasma generator such that the generated plasma is injected into an inner cavity of the flux conserving chamber. An elongated central axial shaft is also provided such that the central shaft extends through the outlet of the plasma generator into the flux conserver. The end of the central shaft in connected to the flux conserver. A power source that comprises a formation power circuit and a shaft power circuit is provided to provide a formation power pulse to the plasma generator to generate magnetized plasma, and a shaft power pulse to the central axial shaft to generate a toroidal magnetic field into the plasma generator and the flux conserving chamber. The duration of the shaft power pulse is longer than the duration of the formation power pulse to maintain plasma q- profile at a pre-determined range. During plasma compression the shaft power pulse is increased to match the raise of the plasma poloidal field due to the compression and thus maintain the q-profile of the plasma.
Examples of a high voltage insulator are described. The high-voltage insulator is vacuum compatible and comprises a glass substrate having a face surface and a ceramic layer with uniform thickness coated on the face surface of 5 the glass substrate. The coated surface of the insulator is able to withstand high voltage pulses and exposure to charged particles radiation for a pre-determined time period. The ceramic coated glass insulator is made of a single piece of glass and can be made to large sizes.
H01B 3/12 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances ceramics
Examples of systems for imploding liquid liner are described. The imploding system comprises a vessel and a rotating member positioned within the vessel. The rotating member has a plurality of shaped blades that form a plurality of curved passages that have an inboard opening at an inner surface and an outboard end at an outer surface. The rotating member is at least partially filled with liquid medium. A driver is used to rotate the rotating member such that when the rotating member rotates the liquid medium is forced into the passages forming a liquid liner with an interface curved with respect to an axis of rotation and defining a cavity. The system further comprises an implosion driver that changes the rotational speed of the rotating member such that the liquid liner is imploded inwardly collapsing the cavity. The imploding liquid liner can be used in plasma compression systems.
Examples of systems for forming cavity and a liquid liner are described. The system comprises a vessel and a rotating member positioned within the vessel and rotatable about an axis of rotation. The rotating member has an inner surface 5 curved with respect to the axis of rotation, an outer and plurality of fluid passages that each has an inboard opening at the inner surface and an outboard opening at the outer surface. The rotating member is filled with a liquid medium and a rotational driver rotates the rotating member such that when rotating the liquid medium at least partially fills the fluid passages forming liquid liner, defining the 10 cavity. The cavity formation system is used in a liquid liner implosion system with an implosion driver that causes the liquid liner to implode inwardly collapsing the cavity. The imploding liquid liner system can be used in plasma compression systems.
Examples of systems for imploding liquid liner are described. The imploding system comprises a vessel and a rotating member positioned within the vessel. The rotating member has a plurality of shaped blades that form a plurality of curved passages that have an inboard opening at an inner surface and an outboard end at an outer surface. The rotating member is at least partially filled with liquid medium. A driver is used to rotate the rotating member such that when the rotating member rotates the liquid medium is forced into the passages forming a liquid liner with an interface curved with respect to an axis of rotation and defining a cavity. The system further comprises an implosion driver that changes the rotational speed of the rotating member such that the liquid liner is imploded inwardly collapsing the cavity. The imploding liquid liner can be used in plasma compression systems.
Examples of systems for forming cavity and a liquid liner are described. The system comprises a vessel and a rotating member positioned within the vessel and rotatable about an axis of rotation. The rotating member has an inner surface 5 curved with respect to the axis of rotation, an outer and plurality of fluid passages that each has an inboard opening at the inner surface and an outboard opening at the outer surface. The rotating member is filled with a liquid medium and a rotational driver rotates the rotating member such that when rotating the liquid medium at least partially fills the fluid passages forming liquid liner, defining the 10 cavity. The cavity formation system is used in a liquid liner implosion system with an implosion driver that causes the liquid liner to implode inwardly collapsing the cavity. The imploding liquid liner system can be used in plasma compression systems.
Examples of system for generating vortex cavity are disclosed. The system comprises a vessel into which a fluid is injected through one or more inlet ports and a fluid circulating system configured to circulate the fluid through the vessel such that the fluid is removed from the vessel through an outlet port and is returned back into the vessel through the one and more inlet ports. A first spinner is mounted at one wall of the vessel while a second spinner is mounted at the opposite wall of the vessel such that the second spinner is at some distance away from the first spinner and it faces the first spinner. When the fluid circulating system starts circulating the fluid within the vessel a vortex cavity is formed that extends between the first and the second spinners so that one end of the vortex cavity sits on the first spinner while the opposite end of the vortex cavity sits on the second spinner.
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are described in which plasma pressures above the breaking point of solid material can be achieved by injecting a plasma into a funnel of liquid metal in which the plasma is compressed and/or heated.
H05H 1/12 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using applied magnetic fields only wherein the containment vessel forms a closed loop, e.g. stellarator
G21B 1/05 - Thermonuclear fusion reactors with magnetic or electric plasma confinement
H05H 1/16 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using applied electric and magnetic fields
Examples of a modular compression chamber for use in a compression system are disclosed. The modular compression chamber comprises a plurality of individual modules and a plurality of fasteners to attach the plurality of modules in an interlocking fashion to form the chamber. The modules have a pre-determined geometry and size to form a compression chamber with a desired geometry and size. The plurality of fasteners keeps each of the individual modules in compression with neighboring modules so that the formed chamber maintains its integrity during operation. The modules can comprise a plurality of pressure wave generators to generate a pressure wave within the chamber. In one embodiment, the pressure wave generators have a pre-determined geometry and size and are configured to interlock with the neighboring generators forming the individual modules. The fasteners are configured to maintain intimate contact between side walls of the adjacent pressure wave generators.
Examples of a system for generating and confining a compact toroid are disclosed. The system comprises a plasma generator for generating magnetized plasma, a flux conserver for receiving the compact toroid, a power source for providing current pulse and a controller for actively controlling a current profile of the pulse to keep plasma's q-profile within pre-determined range. Examples of methods of controlling a magnetic lifetime of a magnetized plasma by controlling a current profile of the current pulse are disclosed.
H05H 1/04 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using magnetic fields substantially generated by the discharge in the plasma
Examples of a jet control device are described. The jet control device can comprise a jet deflecting member that is configured to intercept and/or collide with a high speed jet emerging from a jet formation location. The interaction of the jet deflecting member and the jet can cause the high speed jet to be dispersed into a plurality of jets with a number of flow directions which may be sideways to an initial direction of the high speed jet. In one embodiment the deflecting member can include a liquid guide formed by injecting a fluid out of an outlet nozzle so that the liquid guide extends longitudinally away from the outlet nozzle. In another embodiment the deflecting member can include an array of solid pellets injected through an outlet in a direction of the emerging high speed jet and configured to collide with the emerging jet thereby deflecting its initial direction.
B05B 1/26 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectorsBreaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
F15D 1/08 - Influencing the flow of fluids of jets leaving an orifice
Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a sabot carrying a piston. The sabot can further comprise a locking means to lock the piston in a fixed position when the locking means are activated. When the locking means are in a deactivated position, the piston can be released and can move at least partially away from the sabot. The sabot carrying the piston can be disposed within an inner bore of a housing of the pressure wave generator and can move within the inner bore of the housing from its first end toward its second end along a longitudinal axis of the bore. A transducer can be accommodated in the second end of the housing. The transducer can be coupled to the medium and can convert a portion of the kinetic energy of the piston into a pressure wave in the medium upon impact of the piston with the transducer. The sabot carrying the piston can be accelerated by applying a motive force to the sabot. Once accelerated within the inner bore of the housing the sabot can be decelerated by applying a restraining force to the sabot while the piston can be released at least partially from the sabot to continue to move toward the transducer until it impacts the transducer. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.
B06B 1/18 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency wherein the vibrator is actuated by pressure fluid
F04D 35/00 - Pumps producing waves in liquids, i.e. wave-producers
F42D 3/06 - Particular applications of blasting techniques for seismic purposes
G01V 1/135 - Generating seismic energy using fluidic driving means, e.g. using highly pressurised fluids by deforming or displacing surfaces of enclosures
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are described in which plasma pressures above the breaking point of solid material can be achieved by injecting a plasma into a funnel of liquid metal in which the plasma is compressed and/or heated.
Examples of a modular compression chamber for use in a compression system are disclosed. The modular compression chamber comprises a plurality of individual modules and a plurality of fasteners to attach the plurality of modules in an interlocking fashion to form the chamber. The modules have a pre-determined geometry and size to form a compression chamber with a desired geometry and size. The plurality of fasteners keeps each of the individual modules in compression with neighboring modules so that the formed chamber maintains its integrity during operation. The modules can comprise a plurality of pressure wave generators to generate a pressure wave within the chamber. In one embodiment, the pressure wave generators have a pre-determined geometry and size and are configured to interlock with the neighboring generators forming the individual modules. The fasteners are configured to maintain intimate contact between side walls of the adjacent pressure wave generators.
Examples of a modular compression chamber for use in a compression system are disclosed. The modular compression chamber comprises a plurality of individual modules and a plurality of fasteners to attach the plurality of modules in an interlocking fashion to form the chamber. The modules have a pre-determined geometry and size to form a compression chamber with a desired geometry and size. The plurality of fasteners keeps each of the individual modules in compression with neighboring modules so that the formed chamber maintains its integrity during operation. The modules can comprise a plurality of pressure wave generators to generate a pressure wave within the chamber. In one embodiment, the pressure wave generators have a pre-determined geometry and size and are configured to interlock with the neighboring generators forming the individual modules. The fasteners are configured to maintain intimate contact between side walls of the adjacent pressure wave generators.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
Goods & Services
(1) Nuclear fusion energy reactor and reactor subcomponents; Plasma generator for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma injector for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma accelerator for scientific, research and development purposes; Nuclear fusion reactor for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma generator for plasma physics research; Nuclear fusion reactor for plasma physics research.
44.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A VORTEX CAVITY IN A ROTATING FLUID
Examples of system for generating vortex cavity are disclosed. The system comprises a vessel into which a fluid is injected through one or more inlet ports and a fluid circulating system configured to circulate the fluid through the vessel such that the fluid is removed from the vessel through an outlet port and is returned back into the vessel through the one and more inlet ports. A first spinner is mounted at one wall of the vessel while a second spinner is mounted at the opposite wall of the vessel such that the second spinner is at some distance away from the first spinner and it faces the first spinner. When the fluid circulating system starts circulating the fluid within the vessel a vortex cavity is formed that extends between the first and the second spinners so that one end of the vortex cavity sits on the first spinner while the opposite end of the vortex cavity sits on the second spinner.
Examples of system for generating vortex cavity are disclosed. The system comprises a vessel into which a fluid is injected through one or more inlet ports and a fluid circulating system configured to circulate the fluid through the vessel such that the fluid is removed from the vessel through an outlet port and is returned back into the vessel through the one and more inlet ports. A first spinner is mounted at one wall of the vessel while a second spinner is mounted at the opposite wall of the vessel such that the second spinner is at some distance away from the first spinner and it faces the first spinner. When the fluid circulating system starts circulating the fluid within the vessel a vortex cavity is formed that extends between the first and the second spinners so that one end of the vortex cavity sits on the first spinner while the opposite end of the vortex cavity sits on the second spinner.
Examples of a device for gettering and surface conditioning are disclosed. The device comprises an elongated tube with a closed first end, a second end and a body extending between the first end and the second end. The body defines an inner cavity of the tube in which a heating device is inserted. The tube is inserted into a vessel so that the first end is positioned within the vessel. A solid metal is mounted closely to the tube in a region surrounding the heating device and a meshed screen is mounted over the solid metal and secured to the tube. When the heating device is on, the heat transfers through the tube's wall into the solid metal melting and vaporizing it, so that the metal vapors travel and coat onto vessel's surfaces. The device can also be used in producing metal alloys such as lead lithium alloys.
Examples of a jet control device are described. The jet control device can comprise a jet deflecting member that is configured to intercept and/or collide with a high speed jet emerging from a jet formation location. The interaction of the jet deflecting member and the jet can cause the high speed jet to be dispersed into a plurality of jets with a number of flow directions which may be sideways to an initial direction of the high speed jet. In one embodiment the deflecting member can include a liquid guide formed by injecting a fluid out of an outlet nozzle so that the liquid guide extends longitudinally away from the outlet nozzle. In another embodiment the deflecting member can include an array of solid pellets injected through an outlet in a direction of the emerging high speed jet and configured to collide with the emerging jet thereby deflecting its initial direction.
B05B 1/26 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectorsBreaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
F15D 1/08 - Influencing the flow of fluids of jets leaving an orifice
Examples of a system for generating and confining a compact toroid are disclosed. The system comprises a plasma generator for generating magnetized plasma, a flux conserver for receiving the compact toroid, a power source for providing current pulse and a controller for actively controlling a current profile of the pulse to keep plasma's q-profile within pre- determined range. Examples of methods of controlling a magnetic lifetime of a magnetized plasma by controlling a current profile of the current pulse are disclosed.
Examples of a system for generating and confining a compact toroid are disclosed. The system comprises a plasma generator for generating magnetized plasma, a flux conserver for receiving the compact toroid, a power source for providing current pulse and a controller for actively controlling a current profile of the pulse to keep plasma's q-profile within pre- determined range. Examples of methods of controlling a magnetic lifetime of a magnetized plasma by controlling a current profile of the current pulse are disclosed.
Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a sabot carrying a piston. The sabot can further comprise a locking means to lock the piston in a fixed position when the locking means are activated. When the locking means are in a deactivated position, the piston can be released and can move at least partially away from the sabot. The sabot carrying the piston can be disposed within an inner bore of a housing of the pressure wave generator and can move within the inner bore of the housing from its first end toward its second end along a longitudinal axis of the bore. A transducer can be accommodated in the second end of the housing. The transducer can be coupled to the medium and can convert a portion of the kinetic energy of the piston into a pressure wave in the medium upon impact of the piston with the transducer. The sabot carrying the piston can be accelerated by applying a motive force to the sabot. Once accelerated within the inner bore of the housing the sabot can be decelerated by applying a restraining force to the sabot while the piston can be released at least partially from the sabot to continue to move toward the transducer until it impacts the transducer. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.
B06B 1/18 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency wherein the vibrator is actuated by pressure fluid
F04D 35/00 - Pumps producing waves in liquids, i.e. wave-producers
F42D 3/06 - Particular applications of blasting techniques for seismic purposes
Examples of a plasma acceleration and compression device are described. The device includes a plasma accelerator with a high compression funnel section extending from an inlet of the accelerator and an elongated section connected to the high compression funnel section that can extend from the end of the funnel section to an accelerator's outlet. The funnel section can be a cone with a steep tapering while the elongated section can have a mild, gentle, tapering along its length toward the outlet. The device further includes a power source for providing a current pulse to the accelerator to generate a pushing flux to accelerate and compress a plasma torus throughout the accelerator. The current pulse can be so shaped so that the current pulse behind the plasma torus at the outlet of the elongated section is significantly smaller than the current pulse at the first end of the elongated section while the pressure of the plasma torus at the outlet of the elongated section is greater than the pressure of the plasma torus at the beginning of the elongated section.
Examples of systems and methods for gas injection and control are described. In some examples, an electromagnetically actuatable valve can be triggered by applying a voltage to a valve?s coil. The gas can be injected uniformly through an injection system that comprises one or more valves designed to simultaneously inject a quantity of gas. Temperature at the one or more valves can be maintained at a pre-determined reference value. In some cases, two or more sequential gas injection pulses can be used. The uniform gas density is injected within a chamber configured to receive the gas. The injection through the one or more valves is controlled by a valve control system.
Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a movable piston with a guide through which a piston control rod can move or slide. The pressure wave generator can include a transducer coupled to a medium. During an impact of the piston on the transducer, the control rod can slide in the guide, which can reduce stress on the rod. The pressure wave generator can include a damper to decelerate the control rod, independently of the piston. Impact of the piston on the transducer transfers a portion of the piston's kinetic energy into the medium thereby generating pressure waves in the medium. A piston driving system may be used to provide precise and controlled launching or movement of the piston. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.
F15B 15/14 - Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to anotherGearing associated therewith characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
F15B 21/12 - Fluid oscillators or pulse generators
Examples of a jet control device are described. The jet control device can comprise a jet deflecting member that is configured to intercept and/or collide with a high speed jet emerging from a jet formation location. The interaction of the jet deflecting member and the jet can cause the high speed jet to be dispersed into a plurality of jets with a number of flow directions which may be sideways to an initial direction of the high speed jet. In one embodiment the deflecting member can include a liquid guide formed by injecting a fluid out of an outlet nozzle so that the liquid guide extends longitudinally away from the outlet nozzle. In another embodiment the deflecting member can include an array of solid pellets injected through an outlet in a direction of the emerging high speed jet and configured to collide with the emerging jet thereby deflecting its initial direction.
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are disclosed in which plasma can be compressed by impact of a projectile on a magnetized plasma in a liquid metal cavity. The projectile can melt in the liquid metal cavity, and liquid metal may be recycled to form new projectiles.
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are described in which plasma pressures above the breaking point of solid material can be achieved by injecting a plasma into a funnel of liquid metal in which the plasma is compressed and/or heated.
H05H 1/12 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using applied magnetic fields only wherein the containment vessel forms a closed loop, e.g. stellarator
G21B 1/05 - Thermonuclear fusion reactors with magnetic or electric plasma confinement
H05H 1/16 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using applied electric and magnetic fields
Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a sabot carrying a piston. The sabot can further comprise a locking means to lock the piston in a fixed position when the locking means are activated. When the locking means are in a deactivated position, the piston can be released and can move at least partially away from the sabot. The sabot carrying the piston can be disposed within an inner bore of a housing of the pressure wave generator and can move within the inner bore of the housing from its first end toward its second end along a longitudinal axis of the bore. A transducer can be accommodated in the second end of the housing. The transducer can be coupled to the medium and can convert a portion of the kinetic energy of the piston into a pressure wave in the medium upon impact of the piston with the transducer. The sabot carrying the piston can be accelerated by applying a motive force to the sabot. Once accelerated within the inner bore of the housing the sabot can be decelerated by applying a restraining force to the sabot while the piston can be released at least partially from the sabot to continue to move toward the transducer until it impacts the transducer. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.
B06B 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency
B06B 1/18 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency wherein the vibrator is actuated by pressure fluid
B30B 1/32 - Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
F04D 35/00 - Pumps producing waves in liquids, i.e. wave-producers
Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a sabot carrying a piston. The sabot can further comprise a locking means to lock the piston in a fixed position when the locking means are activated. When the locking means are in a deactivated position, the piston can be released and can move at least partially away from the sabot. The sabot carrying the piston can be disposed within an inner bore of a housing of the pressure wave generator and can move within the inner bore of the housing from its first end toward its second end along a longitudinal axis of the bore. A transducer can be accommodated in the second end of the housing. The transducer can be coupled to the medium and can convert a portion of the kinetic energy of the piston into a pressure wave in the medium upon impact of the piston with the transducer. The sabot carrying the piston can be accelerated by applying a motive force to the sabot. Once accelerated within the inner bore of the housing the sabot can be decelerated by applying a restraining force to the sabot while the piston can be released at least partially from the sabot to continue to move toward the transducer until it impacts the transducer. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.
B06B 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency
B06B 1/18 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency wherein the vibrator is actuated by pressure fluid
B30B 1/32 - Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
F04D 35/00 - Pumps producing waves in liquids, i.e. wave-producers
Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a movable piston with a guide through which a piston control rod can move or slide. The pressure wave generator can include a transducer coupled to a medium. During an impact of the piston on the transducer, the control rod can slide in the guide, which can reduce stress on the rod. The pressure wave generator can include a damper to decelerate the control rod, independently of the piston. Impact of the piston on the transducer transfers a portion of the piston's kinetic energy into the medium thereby generating pressure waves in the medium. A piston driving system may be used to provide precise and controlled launching or movement of the piston. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.
Examples of a plasma acceleration and compression device are described. The device includes a plasma accelerator with a high compression funnel section extending from an inlet of the accelerator and an elongated section connected to the high compression funnel section that can extend from the end of the funnel section to an accelerator's outlet. The funnel section can be a cone with a steep tapering while the elongated section can have a mild, gentle, tapering along its length toward the outlet. The device further includes a power source for providing a current pulse to the accelerator to generate a pushing flux to accelerate and compress a plasma torus throughout the accelerator. The current pulse can be so shaped so that the current pulse behind the plasma torus at the outlet of the elongated section is significantly smaller than the current pulse at the first end of the elongated section while the pressure of the plasma torus at the outlet of the elongated section is greater than the pressure of the plasma torus at the beginning of the elongated section.
Examples of a plasma acceleration and compression device are described. The device includes a plasma accelerator with a high compression funnel section extending from an inlet of the accelerator and an elongated section connected to the high compression funnel section that can extend from the end of the funnel section to an accelerator's outlet. The funnel section can be a cone with a steep tapering while the elongated section can have a mild, gentle, tapering along its length toward the outlet. The device further includes a power source for providing a current pulse to the accelerator to generate a pushing flux to accelerate and compress a plasma torus throughout the accelerator. The current pulse can be so shaped so that the current pulse behind the plasma torus at the outlet of the elongated section is significantly smaller than the current pulse at the first end of the elongated section while the pressure of the plasma torus at the outlet of the elongated section is greater than the pressure of the plasma torus at the beginning of the elongated section.
A valve for fast release of a fluid comprising a housing defining an inner bore, a body movably mounted within the inner bore of the housing, and a driver for moving the body relative to the housing. The body includes a cavity extending into at least a portion of the body for receiving a fluid. The housing has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and the cavity aligns with the fluid inlet for transfer of fluid from the fluid inlet to the cavity and aligns with the fluid outlet for transfer of the fluid from the cavity to the fluid outlet. The driver moves the body from a closed position whereby the cavity is remote from the fluid outlet to an open position whereby the cavity is at least partially aligned with the fluid outlet. Fluid is transferred through the valve from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet via the cavity in a fast and predictable manner.
F16K 3/26 - Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member
F16K 3/314 - Forms or constructions of slidesAttachment of the slide to the spindle
F16K 31/06 - Operating meansReleasing devices electricOperating meansReleasing devices magnetic using a magnet
F16K 31/72 - Operating means or releasing devices specifically adapted to enhance the speed of valve response
F16K 51/00 - Other details not peculiar to particular types of valves or cut-off apparatus
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
Goods & Services
(1) Nuclear fusion energy reactor and reactor subcomponents; Plasma generator for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma injector for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma accelerator for scientific, research and development purposes; Nuclear fusion reactor for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma generator for plasma physics research; Nuclear fusion reactor for plasma physics research.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
Goods & Services
(1) Nuclear fusion energy reactor and reactor subcomponents; Plasma generator for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma injector for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma accelerator for scientific, research and development purposes; Nuclear fusion reactor for scientific, research and development purposes; Plasma generator for plasma physics research; Nuclear fusion reactor for plasma physics research.
Examples of a jet control device are described. The jet control device can comprise a jet deflecting member that is configured to intercept and/or collide with a high speed jet emerging from a jet formation location. The interaction of the jet deflecting member and the jet can cause the high speed jet to be dispersed into a plurality of jets with a number of flow directions which may be sideways to an initial direction of the high speed jet. In one embodiment the deflecting member can include a liquid guide formed by injecting a fluid out of an outlet nozzle so that the liquid guide extends longitudinally away from the outlet nozzle. In another embodiment the deflecting member can include an array of solid pellets injected through an outlet in a direction of the emerging high speed jet and configured to collide with the emerging jet thereby deflecting its initial direction.
Examples of a jet control device are described. The jet control device can comprise a jet deflecting member that is configured to intercept and/or collide with a high speed jet emerging from a jet formation location. The interaction of the jet deflecting member and the jet can cause the high speed jet to be dispersed into a plurality of jets with a number of flow directions which may be sideways to an initial direction of the high speed jet. In one embodiment the deflecting member can include a liquid guide formed by injecting a fluid out of an outlet nozzle so that the liquid guide extends longitudinally away from the outlet nozzle. In another embodiment the deflecting member can include an array of solid pellets injected through an outlet in a direction of the emerging high speed jet and configured to collide with the emerging jet thereby deflecting its initial direction.
Examples of a jet control device are described. The jet control device can comprise a jet deflecting member that is configured to intercept and/or collide with a high speed jet emerging from a jet formation location. The interaction of the jet deflecting member and the jet can cause the high speed jet to be dispersed into a plurality of jets with a number of flow directions which may be sideways to an initial direction of the high speed jet. In one embodiment the deflecting member can include a liquid guide formed by injecting a fluid out of an outlet nozzle so that the liquid guide extends longitudinally away from the outlet nozzle. In another embodiment the deflecting member can include an array of solid pellets injected through an outlet in a direction of the emerging high speed jet and configured to collide with the emerging jet thereby deflecting its initial direction.
Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a movable piston with a guide through which a piston control rod can move or slide. The pressure wave generator can include a transducer coupled to a medium. During an impact of the piston on the transducer, the control rod can slide in the guide, which can reduce stress on the rod. The pressure wave generator can include a damper to decelerate the control rod, independently of the piston. Impact of the piston on the transducer transfers a portion of the piston's kinetic energy into the medium thereby generating pressure waves in the medium. A piston driving system may be used to provide precise and controlled launching or movement of the piston. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.
Examples of a pressure wave generator configured to generate high energy pressure waves in a medium are disclosed. The pressure wave generator can include a movable piston with a guide through which a piston control rod can move or slide. The pressure wave generator can include a transducer coupled to a medium. During an impact of the piston on the transducer, the control rod can slide in the guide, which can reduce stress on the rod. The pressure wave generator can include a damper to decelerate the control rod, independently of the piston. Impact of the piston on the transducer transfers a portion of the piston's kinetic energy into the medium thereby generating pressure waves in the medium. A piston driving system may be used to provide precise and controlled launching or movement of the piston. Examples of methods of operating the pressure wave generator are disclosed.
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are disclosed in which plasma can be compressed by impact of a projectile on a magnetized plasma in a liquid metal cavity. The projectile can melt in the liquid metal cavity, and liquid metal may be recycled to form new projectiles.
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are described in which plasma pressures above the breaking point of solid material can be achieved by injecting a plasma into a funnel of liquid metal in which the plasma is compressed and/or heated.
H05H 1/12 - Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fieldsArrangements for heating plasma using applied magnetic fields only wherein the containment vessel forms a closed loop, e.g. stellarator
72.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PLASMA COMPRESSION WITH RECYCLING OF PROJECTILES
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are disclosed in which plasma can be compressed by impact of a projectile on a magnetized plasma in a liquid metal cavity. The projectile can melt in the liquid metal cavity, and liquid metal may be recycled to form new projectiles.
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are disclosed in which plasma can be compressed by impact of a projectile on a magnetized plasma in a liquid metal cavity. The projectile can melt in the liquid metal cavity, and liquid metal may be recycled to form new projectiles.
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are described in which plasma pressures above the breaking point of solid material can be achieved by injecting a plasma into a funnel of liquid metal in which the plasma is compressed and/or heated.
Embodiments of systems and methods for compressing plasma are described in which plasma pressures above the breaking point of solid material can be achieved by injecting a plasma into a funnel of liquid metal in which the plasma is compressed and/or heated.
An apparatus for generating a pressure wave in a liquid medium is disclosed. The apparatus includes a plurality of pressure wave generators having respective moveable pistons, the pistons having respective control rods connected thereto. The apparatus also includes a plurality of transducers coupled to the liquid medium and means for causing the pistons of respective ones of the plurality of the pressure wave generators to be accelerated toward respective ones of the plurality of transducers. The apparatus further includes means for causing restraining forces to be applied to respective control rods to cause respective pistons to impact respective transducers at respective desired times and with respective desired amounts of kinetic energy such that the respective desired amounts of kinetic energy are converted into a pressure wave in the liquid medium.
F16B 21/12 - Means without screw-thread for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft, or the like and a member surrounding itStud-and-socket releasable fastenings without screw-thread by separate parts with locking-pins or split-pins thrust into holes
