The disclosed technology can be implemented to provide a method of determining a thermal conductivity of a sample. The method includes controlling a thermal source to increase a temperature of the thermal source to an elevated temperature above a phase change temperature of a phase change material, placing the sample between and in thermal contact with the phase change material below the phase change temperature and the thermal source to allow a thermal conduction from the thermal source to the phase change material through the sample to increase an initial temperature of the phase change material to the phase change temperature to cause the phase change material to transition from a first phase to a second phase, performing a measurement on at least one of the sample or the phase change material, and determining the thermal conductivity of the sample based on the measurement.
The disclosed technology can be implemented to provide a method of determining a thermal conductivity of a sample. The method includes controlling a thermal source to increase a temperature of the thermal source to an elevated temperature above a phase change temperature of a phase change material, placing the sample between and in thermal contact with the phase change material below the phase change temperature and the thermal source to allow a thermal conduction from the thermal source to the phase change material through the sample to increase an initial temperature of the phase change material to the phase change temperature to cause the phase change material to transition from a first phase to a second phase, performing a measurement on at least one of the sample or the phase change material, and determining the thermal conductivity of the sample based on the measurement.
G01N 25/04 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phaseInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating sintering of melting pointInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phaseInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating sintering of freezing pointInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phaseInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating sintering of softening point
G01N 25/18 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating thermal conductivity
3.
FABRICATION OF NEAR NET-SHAPED SILICON CARBIDE STRUCTURES
A method of manufacturing a target structure is provided. The method includes: obtaining a model structure of an initial material composition having a predetermined geometry and dimensions; applying a slurry mixture into the model structure; and processing the model structure with the slurry mixture inside the model structure to convert the initial material composition of the model structure into a final material composition to obtain the target structure with the final material composition and having a geometry and dimensions that are substantially similar to the predetermined geometry and dimensions of the model structure.
A method of manufacturing a target structure is provided. The method includes: obtaining a model structure of an initial material composition having a predetermined geometry and dimensions; applying a slurry mixture into the model structure; and processing the model structure with the slurry mixture inside the model structure to convert the initial material composition of the model structure into a final material composition to obtain the target structure with the final material composition and having a geometry and dimensions that are substantially similar to the predetermined geometry and dimensions of the model structure.
C04B 35/565 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on carbides based on silicon carbide
C04B 35/573 - Fine ceramics obtained by reaction sintering
The range of energy transmissions or bursts (e.g., the range of high power microwave (HPM) directed energy weapons) may be increased using multiple sources (e.g., multiple HPM sources). For instance, according to techniques described herein, the individual sources may be fired at precise times such that the electromagnetic pulses are efficiently generated by each source and accurately add waveform peaks on the target. One or more aspects of the described techniques achieve sub-nanosecond timing accuracy by placing an HPM source, ultra-stable clock, and a laser pulse detector on each HPM weapon platform. For instance, the array may be triggered by firing a laser pulse at the target from one platform. By timing the firing of each HPM source based upon when the reflected laser pulse arrives at each platform as measured by the clock, the HPM pulses may arrive on target more accurately (e.g., more simultaneously).
Disclosed are apparatuses, systems, methods, and devices for generating high-pressure gas such as hydrogen and oxygen. In one aspect, an apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a reactor which includes a pressure vessel containing a metal compound configured to react with a liquid to generate the high-pressure gas when the liquid is available in the vessel. The reactor includes an outlet configured to pass the generated high-pressure gas out of the vessel. The apparatus also includes a receiver configured to store the generated high-pressure gas generated in the vessel and passed to a receiver via the outlet or passed directly to fuel cell or vehicle tank.
C01B 3/08 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
H01M 8/065 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloysCombination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dehydriding metallic substances
C01B 3/06 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
B01J 3/03 - Pressure vessels, or vacuum vessels, having closure members or seals specially adapted therefor
The present disclosure describes autonomous flight safety systems (AFSSs) that incorporate an autonomous flight termination unit (AFTU) enabling AFSS monitoring for various termination conditions that are used to activate a flight termination system (e.g., in the event a termination condition is detected). Such termination conditions include boundary limit detection (e.g., whether a vehicle position is outside or projected outside a planned flight envelope), as well as body instability detection (e.g., whether a pitch rate and yaw rate exceed some threshold indicative of vehicle instability). For instance, an AFTU may incorporate a three-axis gyroscope sensor and may implement instability detection processing based on information obtained via the sensor. Instability detection processing may include, for example, a BID algorithm that may be implemented by an AFTU to monitor angular rates of the vehicle, to determine if the vehicle is no longer under stable control, and to issue termination commands when termination conditions are detected.
B64G 1/36 - Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using sensors, e.g. sun-sensors, horizon sensors
B64G 1/52 - Protection, safety or emergency devicesSurvival aids
G05D 1/248 - Arrangements for determining position or orientation using signals provided by artificial sources external to the vehicle, e.g. navigation beacons generated by satellites, e.g. GPS
G05D 1/617 - Safety or protection, e.g. defining protection zones around obstacles or avoiding hazards
G05D 1/646 - Following a predefined trajectory, e.g. a line marked on the floor or a flight path
G05D 1/85 - Fail-safe operations, e.g. limp home mode
G08G 5/51 - Navigation or guidance aids for control when on the ground, e.g. taxiing or rolling
The present disclosure describes autonomous flight safety systems (AFSSs) that incorporate an autonomous flight termination unit (AFTU) enabling AFSS monitoring for various termination conditions that are used to activate a flight termination system (e.g., in the event a termination condition is detected). Such termination conditions include boundary limit detection (e.g., whether a vehicle position is outside or projected outside a planned flight envelope), as well as body instability detection (e.g., whether a pitch rate and yaw rate exceed some threshold indicative of vehicle instability). For instance, an AFTU may incorporate a three-axis gyroscope sensor and may implement instability detection processing based on information obtained via the sensor. Instability detection processing may include, for example, a BID algorithm that may be implemented by an AFTU to monitor angular rates of the vehicle, to determine if the vehicle is no longer under stable control, and to issue termination commands when termination conditions are detected.
G05D 1/08 - Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw
B64C 29/02 - Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis vertical when grounded
B64C 39/02 - Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
G05D 1/02 - Control of position or course in two dimensions
The present disclosure describes autonomous flight safety systems (AFSSs) that incorporate an autonomous flight termination unit (AFTU) enabling AFSS monitoring for various termination conditions that are used to activate a flight termination system (e.g., in the event a termination condition is detected). Such termination conditions include boundary limit detection (e.g., whether a vehicle position is outside or projected outside a planned flight envelope), as well as body instability detection (e.g., whether a pitch rate and yaw rate exceed some threshold indicative of vehicle instability). For instance, an AFTU may incorporate a three-axis gyroscope sensor and may implement instability detection processing based on information obtained via the sensor. Instability detection processing may include, for example, a BID algorithm that may be implemented by an AFTU to monitor angular rates of the vehicle, to determine if the vehicle is no longer under stable control, and to issue termination commands when termination conditions are detected.
Disclosed are apparatuses, systems, methods, and devices for generating hydrogen pyrolysis of hydrocarbons (methane, diesel, JP8, etc.) in a reactor. The reactor includes multiple channels in parallel. A hydrocarbon flows in a channel and decomposes into hydrogen and carbon. Hydrogen gas flows out and some of the carbon will deposit on the channel wall. Once carbon deposition reaches a predetermined level, the hydrocarbon flow stops, and air or oxygen is caused to flow into the channels to oxidize carbon into carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide and supply heat to neighboring channels. Simultaneously, the hydrocarbon will flow into neighboring channels causing decomposition into hydrogen and carbon in the neighboring channels. When the carbon coating in the neighboring channels reaches a predetermined level, the gas flow is switched again to air or oxygen. In this way, each channel alternates between decomposing the hydrocarbon and oxidizing the deposited carbon.
Disclosed are apparatuses, systems, methods, and devices for generating hydrogen pyrolysis of hydrocarbons (methane, diesel, JP8, etc.) in a reactor. The reactor includes multiple channels in parallel. A hydrocarbon flows in a channel and decomposes into hydrogen and carbon. Hydrogen gas flows out and some of the carbon will deposit on the channel wall. Once carbon deposition reaches a predetermined level, the hydrocarbon flow stops, and air or oxygen is caused to flow into the channels to oxidize carbon into carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide and supply heat to neighboring channels. Simultaneously, the hydrocarbon will flow into neighboring channels causing decomposition into hydrogen and carbon in the neighboring channels. When the carbon coating in the neighboring channels reaches a predetermined level, the gas flow is switched again to air or oxygen. In this way, each channel alternates between decomposing the hydrocarbon and oxidizing the deposited carbon.
Disclosed are apparatuses, systems, methods, and devices for generating hydrogen pyrolysis of hydrocarbons (methane, diesel, JP8, etc.) in a reactor. The reactor includes multiple channels in parallel. A hydrocarbon flows in a channel and decomposes into hydrogen and carbon. Hydrogen gas flows out and some of the carbon will deposit on the channel wall. Once carbon deposition reaches a predetermined level, the hydrocarbon flow stops, and air or oxygen is caused to flow into the channels to oxidize carbon into carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide and supply heat to neighboring channels. Simultaneously, the hydrocarbon will flow into neighboring channels causing decomposition into hydrogen and carbon in the neighboring channels. When the carbon coating in the neighboring channels reaches a predetermined level, the gas flow is switched again to air or oxygen. In this way, each channel alternates between decomposing the hydrocarbon and oxidizing the deposited carbon.
The present disclosure relates to a coherent aperture array system for steering an optical source beam. The system may have a plurality of spaced apart, steerable emitters each being able to be mechanically aimed at a remote target location to steer portions of the source beam toward the target location. Each steerable emitter has a subaperture controllable independently of a remaining reflective surface of its associated steerable emitter, to receive and reflect a subportion of the source beam portion. The subportion forms a sense beam which is reflected toward a phase imaging system. A separate reference beam is created from the portion of the source beam travelling toward each steerable emitter. Each sense beam and each reference beam are thus associated uniquely with one of the steerable emitters. A phase imaging system is responsive to each of the reference beams and the sense beams, and determines phase differences between the portions of the source beam being transmitted from each steerable emitter.
G02F 1/29 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
14.
Single cell fault tolerant battery system architecture
A battery system may include multiple battery cells grouped into modules. Each battery module may have a diffuser plate to direct the hot gases and molten material that are ejected during cell failure. The gas and material may be directed away from the nearest neighboring cells in the event of a single cell thermal runaway. Residual thermal energy is wicked away, absorbed or contained to keep heat away from the neighboring cells. These and other features may manage the blast energy and residual thermal energy of a single cell failure event. This may prevent a cascading failure of the larger battery system, thereby mitigating the risk of injury to personnel and property.
H01M 50/213 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
H01M 50/293 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
15.
Single cell fault tolerant battery system architecture
A battery system may include multiple battery cells grouped into modules. Each battery module may have a diffuser plate to direct the hot gases and molten material that are ejected during cell failure. The gas and material may be directed away from the nearest neighboring cells in the event of a single cell thermal runaway. Residual thermal energy is wicked away, absorbed or contained to keep heat away from the neighboring cells. These and other features may manage the blast energy and residual thermal energy of a single cell failure event. This may prevent a cascading failure of the larger battery system, thereby mitigating the risk of injury to personnel and property.
H01M 50/213 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
H01M 50/293 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
A rotor for a rotating electric machine is described. Embodiments of the apparatus may include a rotor core comprising a plurality of slots, the rotor core comprising a circumference, a first winding comprising a first termination end exiting the rotor core at a first of the plurality of slots, a second winding comprising a second termination end exiting the rotor core at a second of the plurality of slots, wherein the second of the plurality of slots is 120 degrees around the circumference of the rotor core relative to the first of the plurality of slots, and a third winding comprising a third termination end exiting the rotor core at a third of the plurality of slots, wherein the third of the plurality of slots is 240 degrees around the circumference of the rotor core relative to the first of the plurality of slots.
A method and system for manufacturing potted electronic assemblies are described. Embodiments of the method and system may provide a potting compound having a first coefficient of thermal expansion different from a second coefficient of thermal expansion for a circuit board, provide a fiber reinforcement having a third coefficient of thermal expansion selected so that when the potting compound is combined with the fiber reinforcement the combined coefficient of thermal expansion is closer to the second coefficient of thermal expansion than the first coefficient of thermal expansion is to the second coefficient of thermal expansion, and apply the fiber reinforcement and the potting compound to the circuit board.
H05K 3/32 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
18.
MOLTEN METAL-FILLED SILICON CARBIDE FUEL CLADDING TUBE AND UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION FABRICATION METHOD
Fuel rod designs and techniques are provided to encapsulate nuclear fuel pellets (130) in nuclear fuel rods (105). The tubular cladding (110) in the disclosed fuel rods includes silicon carbide and a metal filler structure (120) formed of a metal that becomes molten during a nuclear reaction of the nuclear fuel pellets and located inside the tubular cladding to include a metal tube that fills in a gap between the nuclear fuel pellets and an interior side wall of the tubular cladding and structured to include a closed metal end cap (120A) at one end of the nuclear fuel pellets to leave a space between one end of the interior of the tubular cladding and the closed metal end cap of the metal filler structure as a reservoir (150).
C04B 35/00 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
G21C 3/17 - Means for storage or immobilisation of gases in fuel elements
G21C 3/18 - Internal spacers or other non-active material within the casing, e.g. compensating for expansion of fuel rods or for compensating excess reactivity
G21C 3/20 - Details of the construction within the casing with coating on fuel or on inside of casingDetails of the construction within the casing with non-active interlayer between casing and active material
G21C 21/02 - Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
19.
MOLTEN METAL-FILLED SILICON CARBIDE FUEL CLADDING TUBE AND UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION FABRICATION METHOD
Fuel rod designs and techniques are provided to encapsulate nuclear fuel pellets in nuclear fuel rods. The tubular cladding in the disclosed fuel rods includes silicon carbide and a metal filler structure formed of a metal that becomes molten during a nuclear reaction of the nuclear fuel pellets and located inside the tubular cladding to include a metal tube that fills in a gap between the nuclear fuel pellets and an interior side wall of the tubular cladding and structured to include a closed metal end cap at one end of the nuclear fuel pellets to leave a space between one end of the interior of the tubular cladding and the closed metal end cap of the metal filler structure as a reservoir.
Fuel rod designs and techniques are provided to encapsulate nuclear fuel pellets (130) in nuclear fuel rods (105). The tubular cladding (110) in the disclosed fuel rods includes silicon carbide and a metal filler structure (120) formed of a metal that becomes molten during a nuclear reaction of the nuclear fuel pellets and located inside the tubular cladding to include a metal tube that fills in a gap between the nuclear fuel pellets and an interior side wall of the tubular cladding and structured to include a closed metal end cap (120A) at one end of the nuclear fuel pellets to leave a space between one end of the interior of the tubular cladding and the closed metal end cap of the metal filler structure as a reservoir (150).
G21C 3/20 - Details of the construction within the casing with coating on fuel or on inside of casingDetails of the construction within the casing with non-active interlayer between casing and active material
G21C 3/17 - Means for storage or immobilisation of gases in fuel elements
G21C 3/18 - Internal spacers or other non-active material within the casing, e.g. compensating for expansion of fuel rods or for compensating excess reactivity
C04B 35/00 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
G21C 21/02 - Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
21.
Silicon to silicon carbide conversion for ceramic matrix composite fabrication
Disclosed are techniques and methods for producing silicon carbide and ceramic matrix composites from hydrocarbons. In one aspect, a method includes preforming a shape using silicon carbide fibers placed into a chamber, evacuating the chamber causing a silicon and polymer slurry to enter the chamber, and pressurizing the chamber causing the silicon and polymer slurry to permeate the silicon carbide fibers. The method includes heating the chamber to cause pyrolysis of the polymer and a hydrocarbon passed into the chamber into carbon and hydrogen gas. The carbon from the pyrolyzed polymer and hydrocarbon provide a coating of carbon on the silicon in the silicon and polymer slurry. The method includes heating the chamber to a higher temperature causing the silicon to melt and react with the carbon to form silicon carbide. The formed silicon carbide and the silicon carbide fibers form the ceramic matrix composite.
Disclosed are techniques and methods for producing silicon carbide and ceramic matrix composites from hydrocarbons. In one aspect, a method includes preforming a shape using silicon carbide fibers placed into a chamber, evacuating the chamber causing a silicon and polymer slurry to enter the chamber, and pressurizing the chamber causing the silicon and polymer slurry to permeate the silicon carbide fibers. The method includes heating the chamber to cause pyrolysis of the polymer and a hydrocarbon passed into the chamber into carbon and hydrogen gas. The carbon from the pyrolyzed polymer and hydrocarbon provide a coating of carbon on the silicon in the silicon and polymer slurry. The method includes heating the chamber to a higher temperature causing the silicon to melt and react with the carbon to form silicon carbide. The formed silicon carbide and the silicon carbide fibers form the ceramic matrix composite.
An apparatus and method for winding electrical coils (electromagnets) is described. A self-propelled and self-referencing winding vehicle uses features on a winding bobbin to guide the direction and/or orientation of the vehicle, while laying electrical conductor material (e.g., high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes) as it traverses the bobbin. The vehicle may wind electrical coils with complex shapes. In some embodiments, the self-propelled, self-referencing (SPSR) vehicle may perform other magnet fabrication and assembly procedures.
An apparatus and method for winding electrical coils (electromagnets) is described. A self-propelled and self-referencing winding vehicle uses features on a winding bobbin to guide the direction and/or orientation of the vehicle, while laying electrical conductor material (e.g., high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes) as it traverses the bobbin. The vehicle may wind electrical coils with complex shapes. In some embodiments, the self-propelled, self-referencing (SPSR) vehicle may perform other magnet fabrication and assembly procedures.
H01F 41/086 - Devices for guiding or positioning the winding material on the former in a special configuration on the former, e.g. orthocyclic coils or open mesh coils
25.
Joining and sealing pressurized ceramic structures
This patent document relates to systems, structures, devices, and fabrication processes for ceramic matrix composites suitable for use in a nuclear reactor environment and other applications requiring materials that can withstand high temperatures and/or highly corrosive environments. In one exemplary aspect, a method of joining and sealing ceramic structures is disclosed. The method comprises forming a joint of a ceramic structure and an end plug using a sealing material, wherein the end plug has a hole that goes through a top surface and a bottom surface of the end plug; filling the ceramic structure with a desired gas composition through the hole; heating a material into a molten form using a heat source; and directing the material into the hole, wherein the material solidifies to seal the end plug.
Point clouds of objects are compared and matched using logical arrays based on the point clouds. The point clouds are azimuth aligned and translation aligned. The point clouds are converted into logical arrays for ease of processing. Then the logical arrays are compared (e.g. using the AND function and counting matches between the two logical arrays). The comparison is done at various quantization levels to determine which quantization level is likely to give the best object comparison result. Then the object comparison is made. More than two objects may be compared and the best match found.
Systems and devices are disclosed for implementing a low profile antenna that can be mounted on various platforms or vehicles without significantly changing the appearance of the platform or vehicle. The disclosed technology can be used to construct low profile antennas to reduce the antenna thickness while maintaining high efficiency.
Systems and methods are described for a satellite control system that exhibits improved stability and increased efficiency by implementing a non-linear dynamic inversion inner-loop control algorithm coupled with an eigen vector outer-loop control algorithm. Thus, the attitude determination and control system (ADACS) may operate using commands to rotate directly about an eigen vector. Additionally, the outer-loop control system includes a feed-forward control element to enhance pointing accuracy when tracking moving targets.
Systems and methods are described for a satellite control system that exhibits improved stability and increased efficiency by implementing a non-linear dynamic inversion inner-loop control algorithm coupled with an eigen vector outer-loop control algorithm. Thus, the attitude determination and control system (ADACS) may operate using commands to rotate directly about an eigen vector. Additionally, the outer-loop control system includes a feed-forward control element to enhance pointing accuracy when tracking moving targets.
Systems, structures, devices, and fabrication processes for ceramic matrix composites suitable for use in a nuclear reactor environment and other applications requiring materials that can withstand high temperatures and/or highly corrosive environments are disclosed. In one aspect, a ceramic composite structure is provided. The structure comprises a chamber including an external shell and a hollow space inside the external shell. The external shell includes an inner composite layer including a first composite structure, a middle composite layer placed outside of the inner composite layer, the middle composite layer including a second composite structure that is different from the first composite structure, and an outer monolithic layer that has a spatially uniform material property and placed outside of the middle composite layer.
G21C 3/07 - CasingsJackets characterised by their material, e.g. alloys
G21C 21/02 - Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
G21C 3/20 - Details of the construction within the casing with coating on fuel or on inside of casingDetails of the construction within the casing with non-active interlayer between casing and active material
A battery system may include multiple battery cells grouped into modules. Each battery module may have a diffuser plate to direct the hot gases and molten material that are ejected during cell failure. The gas and material may be directed away from the nearest neighboring cells in the event of a single cell thermal runaway. Residual thermal energy is wicked away, absorbed or contained to keep heat away from the neighboring cells. These and other features may manage the blast energy and residual thermal energy of a single cell failure event. This may prevent a cascading failure of the larger battery system, thereby mitigating the risk of injury to personnel and property.
Magnetic antenna techniques and devices are disclosed for operating at an RF or microwave frequency by using a magnetic antenna structure that is configured to have a spatially varying property that varies spatially from one location to another location in at least a portion of the magnetic antenna structure. Such a spatial varying property can be reflected in various ways, e.g., a resonator located in part of the magnetic antenna structure, or a spatially varying geometry profile in part of or the entirety of the magnetic antenna structure.
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
B23P 19/04 - Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformationTools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
H01Q 7/06 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
H01Q 13/24 - Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave constituted by a dielectric or ferromagnetic rod or pipe
Deformable magnetic antennas are provided to include a plurality of flexible magnetic antenna layers stacked to form a layered magnetic antenna structure that is bendable. Each flexible magnetic antenna layer includes a magnetic material that confines a magnetic field to concentrate a magnetic flux of the magnetic field inside the magnetic antenna layer. A lubricating material is applied between adjacent flexible magnetic antenna layers to allow adjacent magnetic layers to move relative to one another when the layered magnetic antenna structure is bent so as to reduce a stress in each flexible magnetic antenna layer caused by bending the layered magnetic antenna structure.
Magnetic antenna techniques and devices are disclosed for operating at an RF or microwave frequency by using a magnetic antenna structure having a spatially varying property that varies spatially from one location to another location in at least a portion of the magnetic antenna structure. Such a spatially varying property can be reflected in various ways, e.g., a spatially varying geometry profile in part of or the entirety of the magnetic antenna structure, a spatially varying antenna material property in a spatially uniform geometry or a spatially varying geometry. The disclosed technology also provides magnetic antenna structures based on splitting the componentry for transmission and reception so that each can be individually optimized.
H04B 10/00 - Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
H04B 10/80 - Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups , e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
H04B 10/11 - Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
35.
Methods and apparatus for mitigating plasma disruption in fusion devices
Exemplary pellets can be used for magnetic fusion devices for mitigating plasma disruption. In some embodiments, the pellets may be cryogenically cooled that may cause a rise in the electrical conductivity of the pellets. A high conductivity of the pellet can screen out the plasma's magnetic field from the interior of the pellet. The screening out of the plasma's magnetic field can slow the ablation rate of the pellet which may allow for deeper pellet penetration and a better suited spatial profile of deposited material for proper mitigation of the plasma disruption. In some other embodiments, the pellets may not be cryogenically cooled.
A method for making a glass dielectric capacitor may include providing a plurality of foil sheets, cutting each of the plurality of foil sheets with a laser beam by melting each of the plurality of foil sheets, forming a respective smooth foil edge on each of said plurality of foil sheets during the cutting, providing a plurality of glass sheets, and stacking the plurality of foil sheets in alternating layers with the plurality of glass sheets.
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 37/12 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
H01G 4/232 - Terminals electrically connecting two or more layers of a stacked or rolled capacitor
H01G 13/00 - Apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing capacitorsProcesses specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors not provided for in groups
A method having steps of placing a glass sheet having a front surface, a reverse surface and a thickness onto a sacrificial substrate; directing a beam from a laser at the front surface and through the glass sheet; pulsing the beam at a frequency of between 10 kHz and 30 kHz, and at the sacrificial substrate; moving the beam across the glass sheet at a rate of between 30 millimeters per second and 90 millimeters per second; ablating the sacrificial substrate with the beam; generating a superheated vapor in response to the ablating of the sacrificial substrate; and ablating the reverse surface of the glass sheet with the superheated vapor, whereby the glass sheet is cut.
B23K 26/402 - Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
B23K 26/18 - Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using absorbing layers on the workpiece, e.g. for marking or protecting purposes
B23K 26/0622 - Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
B23K 26/57 - Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece the laser beam entering a face of the workpiece from which it is transmitted through the workpiece material to work on a different workpiece face, e.g. for effecting removal, fusion splicing, modifying or reforming
B23K 26/16 - Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece
C03B 33/033 - Apparatus for opening score lines in glass sheets
This patent document relates to systems, structures, devices, and fabrication processes for ceramic matrix composites suitable for use in a nuclear reactor environment and other applications requiring materials that can withstand high temperatures and/or highly corrosive environments. In one exemplary aspect, a method of joining and sealing ceramic structures is disclosed. The method comprises forming a joint of a ceramic structure and an end plug using a sealing material, wherein the end plug has a hole that goes through a top surface and a bottom surface of the end plug; filling the ceramic structure with a desired gas composition through the hole; heating a material into a molten form using a heat source; and directing the material into the hole, wherein the material solidifies to seal the end plug.
This patent document relates to systems, structures, devices, and fabrication processes for ceramic matrix composites suitable for use in a nuclear reactor environment and other applications requiring materials that can withstand high temperatures and/or highly corrosive environments. In one exemplary aspect, a method of joining and sealing ceramic structures is disclosed. The method comprises forming a joint of a ceramic structure and an end plug using a sealing material, wherein the end plug has a hole that goes through a top surface and a bottom surface of the end plug; filling the ceramic structure with a desired gas composition through the hole; heating a material into a molten form using a heat source; and directing the material into the hole, wherein the material solidifies to seal the end plug.
This patent document relates to systems, structures, devices, and fabrication processes for ceramic matrix composites suitable for use in a nuclear reactor environment and other applications requiring materials that can withstand high temperatures and/or highly corrosive environments. In one exemplary aspect, a method of joining and sealing ceramic structures is disclosed. The method comprises forming a joint of a ceramic structure and an end plug using a sealing material, wherein the end plug has a hole that goes through a top surface and a bottom surface of the end plug; filling the ceramic structure with a desired gas composition through the hole; heating a material into a molten form using a heat source; and directing the material into the hole, wherein the material solidifies to seal the end plug.
A method of making large ultrathin free-standing polymer films without use of a sacrificial layer includes the steps of providing a substrate, applying a polyelectrolyte material to said substrate, applying a polymer material onto said substrate and onto said polyelectrolyte material, and directly delaminating said polymer material from said substrate and said polyelectrolyte to produce the ultrathin free-standing polymer film.
B32B 43/00 - Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairingApparatus therefor
B05D 3/10 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
B05D 7/00 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 3/12 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
B32B 27/28 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following subgroups
B05D 7/24 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
B05D 1/36 - Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
B32B 38/00 - Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
The disclosed technology relates to methods of inhibiting corrosion in reaction chambers configured for hydrothermal reaction of feeds containing a heteroatom. An embodiment of such a method comprises providing a feed stream comprising a phosphorus-containing material, an alkali metal compound, water, and a corrosion-inhibitor. The embodiment additionally includes introducing the feed stream and oxidant into a reactor chamber and oxidizing the phosphorus-containing material at an oxidation temperature greater than about 374° C. and an oxidation pressure exceeding about 25 bar, wherein the reactor chamber has inner surfaces comprising a material that corrodes when in contact with a phosphorus compound within the reactor. The embodiment additionally includes selectively reacting the corrosion-inhibitor with phosphorus within the reactor, thereby precipitating in the reactor chamber a phosphorus-containing solid inorganic compound. The embodiment further includes forming in the reactor chamber an alkali salt melt and carrying away from the reactor chamber a mixture comprising the solid phosphorus-containing inorganic compound and the alkali salt melt.
B01J 3/00 - Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matterApparatus therefor
B01J 19/02 - Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C23F 11/18 - Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using inorganic inhibitors
C23F 11/08 - Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
C02F 5/02 - Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
C02F 5/08 - Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
C02F 5/10 - Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
C02F 5/06 - Softening water by precipitation of the hardness using calcium compounds
43.
ENGINEERED SIC-SIC COMPOSITE AND MONOLITHIC SIC LAYERED STRUCTURES
Systems, structures, devices, and fabrication processes for ceramic matrix composites suitable for use in a nuclear reactor environment and other applications requiring materials that can withstand high temperatures and/or highly corrosive environments are disclosed. In one aspect, a ceramic composite structure is provided. The structure comprises a chamber including an external shell and a hollow space inside the external shell. The external shell includes an inner composite layer including a first composite structure, a middle composite layer placed outside of the inner composite layer, the middle composite layer including a second composite structure that is different from the first composite structure, and an outer monolithic layer that has a spatially uniform material property and placed outside of the middle composite layer.
Systems, structures, devices, and fabrication processes for ceramic matrix composites suitable for use in a nuclear reactor environment and other applications requiring materials that can withstand high temperatures and/or highly corrosive environments are disclosed. In one aspect, a ceramic composite structure is provided. The structure comprises a chamber including an external shell and a hollow space inside the external shell. The external shell includes an inner composite layer including a first composite structure, a middle composite layer placed outside of the inner composite layer, the middle composite layer including a second composite structure that is different from the first composite structure, and an outer monolithic layer that has a spatially uniform material property and placed outside of the middle composite layer.
An apparatus for cutting annular corrugations in an interior surface of a cylindrical tube having a cutter head comprising a plurality of cutting teeth; a drive shaft coupled to the cutter head for spinning the cutter head; a mandrel coupled to the cutter head, wherein the mandrel defines a longitudinal axis, wherein an axis of rotation of the cutter head is parallel to, but in a position not coaxial with the axis of rotation of the cutter head; an outer eccentric coupled to mandrel, wherein the outer eccentric rotates the mandrel, wherein the axis of rotation orbits around the longitudinal axis.
An apparatus for cutting annular corrugations in an interior surface of a cylindrical tube having a cutter head comprising a plurality of cutting teeth; a drive shaft coupled to the cutter head for spinning the cutter head; a mandrel coupled to the cutter head, wherein the mandrel defines a longitudinal axis, wherein an axis of rotation of the cutter head is parallel to, but in a position not coaxial with the axis of rotation of the cutter head; an outer eccentric coupled to mandrel, wherein the outer eccentric rotates the mandrel, wherein the axis of rotation orbits around the longitudinal axis.
An energy efficient and lighter-than-air high altitude platform (HAP) is disclosed that allows for sustained station keeping at high altitudes of about 50,000-80,000 feet for prolonged periods of time. The HAP includes an aerodynamically streamlined body that may have the topology of a torus. The body may be inflated with a lighter-than-air gas in an amount sufficient to provide lift to the high altitudes. The HAP has a duct extending through the pressurized body that diverts flow through the duct and reduces aerodynamic drag. The HAP may include one or more propellers situated in the duct to provide propulsion and maintain a given location of the HAP relative to ground. There may also be a control system, a solar energy collection system, an energy storage system, and/or any of a variety of payloads to accomplish various tasks, such as communication and/or situational awareness applications.
An energy efficient and lighter-than-air high altitude platform (HAP) is disclosed that allows for sustained station keeping at high altitudes of about 50,000-80,000 feet for prolonged periods of time. The HAP includes an aerodynamically streamlined body that may have the topology of a torus. The body may be inflated with a lighter-than-air gas in an amount sufficient to provide lift to the high altitudes. The HAP has a duct extending through the pressurized body that diverts flow through the duct and reduces aerodynamic drag. The HAP may include one or more propellers situated in the duct to provide propulsion and maintain a given location of the HAP relative to ground. There may also be a control system, a solar energy collection system, an energy storage system, and/or any of a variety of payloads to accomplish various tasks, such as communication and/or situational awareness applications.
Some embodiments provided rotor assemblies, comprising: a rotor core barrel comprising a wall extending, and at least two compression bridges each formed in the wall proximate one of the lateral ends and separated by a distance; an array of a plurality of magnets positioned on and spaced along the wall between the compression bridges and about a circumference of the rotor core barrel; and one or more pre-stress wraps wrapped over the plurality of magnets and about the rotor core barrel along at least a portion of a length of the rotor core barrel between the compression bridges, wherein the compression bridges enable radial compression deflection, induced by radial compression of the rotor core barrel by the one or more pre-stress wraps, of the wall of the rotor core barrel at the compression bridges relative to the wall of the rotor core barrel proximate the lateral ends.
H02K 1/28 - Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
H02K 15/03 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
Some embodiments provided rotor assemblies, comprising: a rotor core barrel comprising a wall extending, and at least two compression bridges each formed in the wall proximate one of the lateral ends and separated by a distance; an array of a plurality of magnets positioned on and spaced along the wall between the compression bridges and about a circumference of the rotor core barrel; and one or more pre-stress wraps wrapped over the plurality of magnets and about the rotor core barrel along at least a portion of a length of the rotor core barrel between the compression bridges, wherein the compression bridges enable radial compression deflection, induced by radial compression of the rotor core barrel by the one or more pre-stress wraps, of the wall of the rotor core barrel at the compression bridges relative to the wall of the rotor core barrel proximate the lateral ends.
H02K 1/28 - Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
H02K 9/04 - Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
H02K 15/03 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
Some embodiments provided rotor assemblies, comprising: a rotor core barrel comprising a wall extending, and at least two compression bridges each formed in the wall proximate one of the lateral ends and separated by a distance; an array of a plurality of magnets positioned on and spaced along the wall between the compression bridges and about a circumference of the rotor core barrel; and one or more pre-stress wraps wrapped over the plurality of magnets and about the rotor core barrel along at least a portion of a length of the rotor core barrel between the compression bridges, wherein the compression bridges enable radial compression deflection, induced by radial compression of the rotor core barrel by the one or more pre-stress wraps, of the wall of the rotor core barrel at the compression bridges relative to the wall of the rotor core barrel proximate the lateral ends.
H02K 15/03 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
A multi-level high-speed adjustable speed drive has a plurality of modular multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges, wherein the multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges operate with fundamental frequency, f, wherein the multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges include at least three levels, wherein the multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges operate in Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) mode with 9 to 21 x or operating in Fundamental Frequency Mode (FFM), wherein inverter commutation frequency equals the fundamental frequency, wherein the multilevel, 3-phase inverters operate with split phase such that one group is displaced from the other by an angle, ? = 60/q, wherein the phase displacement of a harmonic component of order n between groups, ?n is n? /q; a high-speed polyphase motor with phases arranged in q 3-phase groups; and electromagnetic means for blocking selected groups of harmonics while passing components at fundamental frequency, f, wherein the electromagnetic means includes coils carrying motor current linked by a magnetic core, wherein the electromagnetic means is interposed between the plurality of modular multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges and the high-speed polyphase motor.
H02K 11/01 - Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for shielding from electromagnetic fields
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
H02P 27/06 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
n is nθ/q; a high-speed polyphase motor with phases arranged in q 3-phase groups; and electromagnetic means for blocking selected groups of harmonics while passing components at fundamental frequency, f, wherein the electromagnetic means includes coils carrying motor current linked by a magnetic core, wherein the electromagnetic means is interposed between the plurality of modular multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges and the high-speed polyphase motor.
H02P 27/04 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
H02P 13/06 - Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by tap-changingArrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by rearranging interconnections of windings
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02P 25/22 - Multiple windingsWindings for more than three phases
H02P 27/14 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation with three or more levels of voltage
A multi-level high-speed adjustable speed drive has a plurality of modular multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges, wherein the multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges operate with fundamental frequency, f, wherein the multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges include at least three levels, wherein the multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges operate in Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) mode with 9 to 21 x or operating in Fundamental Frequency Mode (FFM), wherein inverter commutation frequency equals the fundamental frequency, wherein the multilevel, 3-phase inverters operate with split phase such that one group is displaced from the other by an angle, θ = 60/q, wherein the phase displacement of a harmonic component of order n between groups, θn is nθ /q; a high-speed polyphase motor with phases arranged in q 3-phase groups; and electromagnetic means for blocking selected groups of harmonics while passing components at fundamental frequency, f, wherein the electromagnetic means includes coils carrying motor current linked by a magnetic core, wherein the electromagnetic means is interposed between the plurality of modular multilevel, 3-phase inverter bridges and the high-speed polyphase motor.
H02P 27/06 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
H02K 11/01 - Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for shielding from electromagnetic fields
55.
Diagnostic and sample preparation devices and methods
Contemplated methods and devices are drawn to preparation and analysis of analytes from biological samples. In a preferred embodiment the analytes are nucleic acids that are both released from biological compartments present in the sample and fragmented through the use of a voltage potential applied to a pair of electrodes. The nucleic acids thus prepared are subsequently characterized.
A modular, nuclear waste conversion reactor that continuously produces usable energy while converting U-238 and/or other fertile waste materials to fissionable nuclides. The reactor has a highly uniform, self-controlled, core (2) with a decades-long life and does not require reactivity control mechanisms within the boundary of the active core during operation to retain adequate safety. The exemplary embodiment employs high-temperature helium coolant, a dual-segment (22) initial annular critical core, carbide fuel, a fission product gas collection system, ceramic cladding and structural internals to create a modular reactor design that economically produces energy over multiple generations of reactor cores with only minimum addition of fertile material from one generation to the next.
Some embodiments provide a magnet gripper system, comprising: a gripper base comprising a magnetically attractive face; at least two slide plate retaining systems; and two or more slide plates wherein at least one of the slide plates is movably cooperated with each of the at least two slide plate retaining systems such that the slide plates are configured to move between a retracted position with the slide plates retracted relative to the face of the gripper base and an extended position with the slide plates extended relative to the face of the gripper base with an end of each of the slide plates being positioned further from the face of the gripper base when in the extended position than when the slide plates are in the retracted position.
Some embodiments provide a magnet gripper system, comprising: a gripper base comprising a magnetically attractive face; at least two slide plate retaining systems; and two or more slide plates wherein at least one of the slide plates is movably cooperated with each of the at least two slide plate retaining systems such that the slide plates are configured to move between a retracted position with the slide plates retracted relative to the face of the gripper base and an extended position with the slide plates extended relative to the face of the gripper base with an end of each of the slide plates being positioned further from the face of the gripper base when in the extended position than when the slide plates are in the retracted position.
Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for implementing lightning strike protective compositions. In one aspect, a composition for providing protection against electrical discharges (e.g., including lightning strikes) for composite structures includes a binder material capable of dispersing material structures therein and attaching to a surface of a substrate, and a plurality of pigment structures dispersed in the binder material. The pigment structures include a central layer including an electrically conducting material, and outer layers formed on the central layer, in which the outer layers include an optical absorber material or a dielectric material. The composition, when attached to the substrate, is capable of providing electrically conductive paths to transfer electrical current from a multi kiloamp electrical discharge within the composition.
A method of making large ultrathin free-standing polymer films without use of a sacrificial layer includes the steps of providing a substrate, applying a polyelectrolyte material to said substrate, applying a polymer material onto said substrate and onto said polyelectrolyte material, and directly delaminating said polymer material from said substrate and said polyelectrolyte to produce the ultrathin free-standing polymer film.
B05D 7/00 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
B05D 3/10 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
B05D 3/12 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
B32B 27/28 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following subgroups
B05D 7/24 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 1/36 - Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
B32B 43/00 - Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairingApparatus therefor
B32B 38/00 - Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
61.
Method and apparatus for inhibiting formation of and/or removing ice from aircraft components
Methods and systems are generally described that inhibit debris (such as ice) accretions and/or remove debris (such as ice) accretions from the exterior surface of an aircraft. In some embodiments, the invention is a system for an aircraft comprising: a component of the aircraft having a surface; a plurality of piezo-kinetic actuators each positioned proximate to a portion of the surface; and a control unit coupled to the plurality of actuators, the control unit configured to actuate one or more of the actuators at one or more frequencies; wherein the actuators are each configured to introduce a displacement of the surface in three dimensions to inhibit a formation of ice on at least the portion of the surface and to break up existing ice formations on at least the portion of the surface.
B64D 15/20 - Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing
B64D 15/16 - De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft by mechanical means, e.g. pulsating mats or shoes attached to, or built into, surface
Techniques and compositions are described for reflective coatings and pigments for reflecting electromagnetic radiation, such as visible and solar near-infrared light. In one aspect, a reflective coating includes a base layer having a reflective surface, and an absorber layer formed on the reflective surface of the base layer, in which the reflective coating provides an average reflectance of electromagnetic radiation for wavelengths in the range of 900 nm to 2500 nm irradiated upon the reflective coating greater than substantially 70%, and provides an average reflectance of electromagnetic radiation for wavelengths in the range of 400 nm to 700 nm irradiated upon the reflective coating of less than 40%.
This invention generally relates to the field of vitamin D detection. In particular, the invention provides novel methods and kits for assaying a vitamin D moiety in a sample such as a biological fluid.
Systems and methods are disclosed for capturing images of latent evidence such as a latent fingerprint provided on a curved or irregular surface of an object. According to certain embodiments, a latent fingerprint provided on a curved or irregular surface of an object is illuminated by a UV lamp. An aspect of the latent fingerprint is specularly reflected from the surface of the object and captured by an image capturing device. In various embodiments, the UV lamp is repositioned, or the object is rotated and translated, such that a second aspect of the latent fingerprint is then specularly reflected from the surface of the object and captured by the image capturing device. The first and second images are then integrated by performing a pixel-to-pixel comparison of corresponding pixel data in the captured images. A device is also provided for rotating and translating the object for use in the disclosed embodiments.
An apparatus and corresponding method for line-scan imaging includes a 2D array of light-sensitive detector elements divided into a plurality of sub-arrays. An electrical circuit can be configured to determine a correction for parallax based on detector element values from at least two rows of parallax detecting elements to enable images captured by the sub-arrays to be co-aligned with each other. The 2D array and parallax detecting elements can be located on the same substrate chip. Image data from sub-arrays can be co-aligned with each other based on parallax data from the parallax detecting elements and used to produce hyperspectral images corrected for parallax.
An apparatus and corresponding method for line-scan imaging can include a 2D array of light-sensitive detector elements that detect light from a target scene. The 2D array can be divided into a plurality of sub-arrays and supported by an analog amplification and signal conditioning module portion of a read-out integrated circuit (ROIC), the analog module having one or more replicated amplification and signal conditioning circuits in communication with the 2D array detector elements. An analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion electrical circuit module and one or more digital time-delay and integration (TDI) modules can be situated in a portion of the ROIC not supporting the 2D array. The TDI modules can perform TDI of the detector sub-arrays. Embodiments enable hyperspectral images to be obtained with greater imaging range and higher signal-to-noise ratios.
An ultraviolet sensitive video camera is disclosed. The camera may have an input window and a bandpass filter. The input window may receive into the camera ultraviolet radiation reflected off of a subject. The bandpass filter may filter the ultraviolet radiation received into the camera through the input window. The bandpass filter may have a passband centered at about 254 nm and a bandwidth of about 1 nm to about 100 nm. The camera may also have an image sensor and at least one controller. The image sensor may collect the filtered ultraviolet radiation passing through the bandpass filter and generate an output based on the collected ultraviolet radiation. The at least one controller may be configured to generate video display signals based on the output of the image sensor.
Techniques, devices and systems use pseudo-conductor materials as antennas to receive or radiate electromagnetic energy for communications and other applications. Methods of configuring an antenna can include, in some implementations, selecting a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property, wherein the electromagnetic constitutive property comprises a real part of the electromagnetic constitutive property that is greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property; and forming the pseudo-conductor material into an antenna shape configured, upon being excited, to radiate emissions that satisfy a predefined antenna performance, such that the pseudo-conductor material formed in the antenna shape weakly guides an electromagnetic wave on the pseudo-conductor material using a leaky mode that is below cutoff to establish a field structure to radiate the emissions from the pseudo-conductor material that satisfy the antenna performance.
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
H01Q 9/16 - Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
The SAR Point Cloud Generation System processes synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data acquired from multiple spatially separated SAR apertures in such a manner as to be able to calculate accurate three-dimensional positions of all of the scatterers within the imaged scene. No spatial averaging is applied thus preserving the high resolution of the original SAR data, and no phase unwrapping processes are required. The effects of height ambiguities are significantly reduced in the SAR Point Cloud Generation System. The SAR Point Cloud Generation System also self-filters against mixed-height pixels that can lead to incorrect height estimates. The system estimates scatterer height by a maximization of an Interferometric Response Function.
Disclosed herein are processes and devices for use in the electrochemical detection of a target in a sample. For example, silicon or glass surfaces are treated with silanes functionalized with various side chains to tune the surface wetting characteristics.
Some embodiments provide interrupter systems comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; a piston movably located at a first position and electrically coupled with the first and second electrodes establishing a closed state, the piston comprises an electrical conductor that couples with the first and second electrodes providing a conductive path; an electromagnetic launcher configured to, when activated, induce a magnetic field pulse causing the piston to move away from the electrical coupling with the first and second electrodes establishing an open circuit between the first and second electrodes; and a piston control system comprising a piston arresting system configured to control a deceleration of the piston following the movement of the piston induced by the electromagnetic launcher such that the piston is not in electrical contact with at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode when in the open state.
H02H 3/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection
H02H 7/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
H01H 9/30 - Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
H02H 3/26 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to difference between voltages or between currentsEmergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
Some embodiments provide interrupter systems comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; a piston movably located at a first position and electrically coupled with the first and second electrodes establishing a closed state, the piston comprises an electrical conductor that couples with the first and second electrodes providing a conductive path; an electromagnetic launcher configured to, when activated, induce a magnetic field pulse causing the piston to move away from the electrical coupling with the first and second electrodes establishing an open circuit between the first and second electrodes; and a piston control system comprising a piston arresting system configured to control a deceleration of the piston following the movement of the piston induced by the electromagnetic launcher such that the piston is not in electrical contact with at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode when in the open state.
Techniques, devices and systems use pseudo-conductor materials as antennas to receive or radiate electromagnetic energy for communications and other applications. Methods of configuring an antenna can include, in some implementations, selecting a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property, wherein the electromagnetic constitutive property comprises a real part of the electromagnetic constitutive property that is greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property; and forming the pseudo-conductor material into an antenna shape configured, upon being excited, to radiate emissions that satisfy a predefined antenna performance, such that the pseudo-conductor material formed in the antenna shape weakly guides an electromagnetic wave on the pseudo-conductor material using a leaky mode that is below cutoff to establish a field structure to radiate the emissions from the pseudo-conductor material that satisfy the antenna performance.
A variable permeability antenna apparatus includes a first region configured for coupling with a feed of a radio frequency signal and a second region for transmitting the radio frequency signal. The permeability of material at the second region is greater than the permeability of material at the first region. Also, a spiral antenna for transmission or reception of radio frequency signals is disclosed.
Some embodiments provide energy storage systems that comprise: a first electrode; a second electrode; an electrolyte; the first electrode, the second electrode and the electrolyte are positioned such that the electrolyte is in contact with at least the first electrode; and a polarity reversal system electrically coupled with the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the polarity reversal system is configured to allow the energy storage system to operate while a first polarity to charge and discharge electrical energy while operating in the first polarity, and the polarity reversal system is configured to reverse the voltage polarity across the first and second electrodes to a second polarity to allow the energy storage system to continue to operate while the second polarity is established across the first electrode and the second electrode to continue to charge and discharge electrical energy while operating in the second polarity.
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
A method for preparing plutonium-238 (Pu-238) using reactor may include irradiating a liquid containing a neptunium-237 (Np-237) based compounds with neutrons to convert a portion of the Np-237 based compound to a Np-238 based compound; retaining the liquid containing the resulting mixture for a sufficient amount of time for the Np-238 based compound to at least partially convert to a plutonium-238 (Pu-238) based compound. The method further may include separating the Pu-238 based compound from the neptunium based compounds using distillation or chemical method.
G21G 1/00 - Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation, or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
A radio frequency transmission apparatus includes a first elongated antenna element having a first feed end and a first aperture end. A second elongated element has a second feed end and a second aperture end. The second feed end is coupled to the first feed end. The first and second elongated antenna elements are positioned relative to each other to render a separation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element to increase from the first and second feed ends to the first and second aperture ends. The first and second antenna elements comprise pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property having a real part greater than the corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property.
Contemplated methods and devices are drawn to preparation and analysis of analytes from biological samples. In a preferred embodiment the analytes are nucleic acids that are both released from biological compartment present in the sample and fragmented through the use of a voltage potential applied to a pair of electrodes. The nucleic acids thus prepared are subsequently characterized.
An antenna includes a first antenna element comprising a pseudo-conductor material and forming a substantially closed polygonal loop around a center. The first antenna element conforms to a ground plane. The antenna also includes a plurality of transmission lines in the ground plane. Each transmission line comprises a conductor material, is extending radially outward from a feed end towards an outer end, is electromagnetically coupled to the first antenna element at a crossover point at which the transmission line crosses over the first antenna element, and is coupled, at the center, to a corresponding feed line. The antenna further includes a feed circuit for exciting the plurality of transmission lines to cause the antenna to emit in a predetermined direction and using a predetermined polarization mode.
Some embodiments provide an amplifier apparatus, comprising: a plurality of amplifier transistor circuits coupled in series, wherein each of the plurality of amplifier transistor circuits comprises: a transistor, wherein the transistors of the plurality of amplifier transistor circuits are coupled in series; a transistor voltage control and drive circuit coupled with the corresponding transistor, wherein the transistor voltage control and drive circuit is configured to control and drive the corresponding transistor in accordance with received control signals and in parallel with the other of the plurality of amplifier transistor circuits; and isolation circuitry that isolates control of the transistor from control of the other of the amplifier transistor circuits; wherein the plurality of amplifier transistor circuits are configured to be controlled and driven in parallel relative to the control signals.
Some embodiments provide an amplifier apparatus, comprising: a plurality of amplifier transistor circuits coupled in series, wherein each of the plurality of amplifier transistor circuits comprises: a transistor, wherein the transistors of the plurality of amplifier transistor circuits are coupled in series; a transistor voltage control and drive circuit coupled with the corresponding transistor, wherein the transistor voltage control and drive circuit is configured to control and drive the corresponding transistor in accordance with received control signals and in parallel with the other of the plurality of amplifier transistor circuits; and isolation circuitry that isolates control of the transistor from control of the other of the amplifier transistor circuits; wherein the plurality of amplifier transistor circuits are configured to be controlled and driven in parallel relative to the control signals.
The present embodiments provide methods, systems and apparatuses that detect, classify and locate flash events. In some implementations, some of the methods detect a flash event, trigger an imaging system in response to detecting the flash event to capture an image of an area that includes the flash event, and determines a location of the flash event.
Embodiments of the present invention provide high durability joints between ceramic articles, particularly between beta-silicon carbide (β-SiC) articles, and methods of making and using the same. In one embodiment, a joint between first and second articles each comprising a ceramic polymorph comprises a matrix comprising the ceramic polymorph and extending between the first and second articles; a plurality of inclusions comprising the ceramic polymorph and being distributed throughout the matrix; and a sealing layer comprising the ceramic polymorph and being respectively disposed on the first and second articles and the matrix.
B32B 37/16 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
C04B 35/571 - Fine ceramics obtained from polymer precursors
C04B 35/626 - Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches
C04B 37/00 - Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
B32B 37/24 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
B32B 37/06 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
B32B 37/12 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
C04B 35/565 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on carbides based on silicon carbide
The present embodiments providing methods, systems and apparatuses of protecting a surface during laser machining. In some embodiments, a method of protecting a surface during laser machining comprises: directing a fluid into a cavity of an object being laser machined, where the fluid does not have laser absorption properties; and directing a plurality of laser pulses at a wall of the object being laser machined, where the laser pulses are configured to form a hole through the wall such that at least one laser pulse passes through the hole and enters the cavity while the fluid is directed into the cavity such that the laser pulse is incident on the fluid and a surface together in order to inhibit backwall damage.
The present embodiments providing methods, systems and apprartuses of protecting a surface during laser machining. In some embodiments, a method of protecting a surface during laser machining comprises: directing a fluid 938 into a cavity 318 of an object 320 being laser machined, where the fluid does not have laser absorption properties; and directing a plurality of laser pulses 324 at a wall 332 of the object being laser machined, where the laser pulses are configured to form a hole 330 through the wall 326 such that at least one laser pulse passes through the hole and enters the cavity while the fluid is directed into the cavity such that the laser pulse is incident on the fluid and a surface 612 together in order to inhibit backwall damage.
B23K 26/12 - Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
B23K 26/14 - Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beamNozzles therefor
86.
METHOD FOR GROWING MICROALGAE FROM WASTEWATER FOR OIL PRODUCTION
A method is provided for growing microalgae from wastewater for oil production in a three-step wastewater treatment facility. In the method, two carbon sources are selected for addition to the wastewater, which contains naturally-occurring bacteria. Specifically, the first carbon source is selected to increase the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and the carbon-to-phosphorous ratio within the microalgae. The first carbon source serves as a food source for the microalgae, and the second carbon source promotes the breakdown of carbon nitrogen and phosphorous by the bacteria cells into a more easily digestible form for the microalgae. Due to the added carbon, the wastewater supports growth of the microalgae and the production of oils therein.
Methods and systems are generally described that inhibit debris (such as ice) accretions and/or remove debris (such as ice) accretions from the exterior surface of an aircraft. In some embodiments, the invention is a system (100) for an aircraft comprising: a component (120) of the aircraft having a surface; a plurality of piezo-kinetic actuators (114, 116, 118) each positioned proximate to a portion of the surface; and a control unit (102) coupled to the plurality of actuators, the control unit configured to actuate one or more of the actuators at one or more frequencies between about 1 Hz and about 1 kHz; wherein the actuators are each configured to introduce a displacement of the surface in three dimensions to inhibit a formation of ice on at least the portion of the surface and to break up existing ice formations on at least the portion of the surface.
Methods and systems are generally described that inhibit debris (such as ice) accretions and/or remove debris (such as ice) accretions from the exterior surface of an aircraft. In some embodiments, the invention is a system for an aircraft comprising: a component of the aircraft having a surface; a plurality of piezo-kinetic actuators each positioned proximate to a portion of the surface; and a control unit coupled to the plurality of actuators, the control unit configured to actuate one or more of the actuators at one or more frequencies between about 1 Hz and about 1 kHz; wherein the actuators are each configured to introduce a displacement of the surface in three dimensions to inhibit a formation of ice on at least the portion of the surface and to break up existing ice formations on at least the portion of the surface.
B64D 15/16 - De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft by mechanical means, e.g. pulsating mats or shoes attached to, or built into, surface
B64D 15/20 - Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing
89.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR USING A PULSE FLOW CIRCULATION FOR ALGAE CULTIVATION
A system and method for using a pulse flow to circulate algae in an algae cultivation apparatus are provided. In order to counteract the negative effects of biofouling on algae cultivation equipment, a pulse flow is created to periodically move through an algae cultivation apparatus. The pulse flow will dislodge algae cells adhering to various surfaces of the apparatus, and it will also create turbulence to stir up any algae cells which may have settled onto the bottom of the apparatus. To produce an increased fluid flow rate required to create an effective pulse flow, a sump, which is periodically filled with drawn algal culture from the apparatus, is located at an elevated position above the apparatus. When released, the algal culture travels through a transfer pipe and into the apparatus with gravity causing the algal culture to flow at a very high rate.
A system and method for using a pulse flow to circulate algae in an algae cultivation apparatus are provided. In order to counteract the negative effects of biofouling on algae cultivation equipment, a pulse flow is created to periodically move through an algae cultivation apparatus. The pulse flow will dislodge algae cells adhering to various surfaces of the apparatus, and it will also create turbulence to stir up any algae cells which may have settled onto the bottom of the apparatus. To produce an increased fluid flow rate required to create an effective pulse flow, a sump, which is periodically filled with drawn algal culture from the apparatus, is located at an elevated position above the apparatus. When released, the algal culture travels through a transfer pipe and into the apparatus with gravity causing the algal culture to flow at a very high rate.
A system and method are provided for growing microalgae in cold climate areas. The system includes an expanding Plug Flow Reactor with a plurality of ponds used to grow algae by mixing a culture fluid with a nutrient. To minimize the loss of heat due to environmental factors, the expanding Plug Flow Reactor is covered with a translucent, light-transmitting cover and is lined with an insulation liner. In addition, an underground sump and pump are provided and connected to the expanding Plug Flow Reactor. The sump is provided to store the algae at night when ambient air temperature is at its coldest. An adjacent power plant provides: (1) heat byproducts to warm the culture and (2) C02 for use as a source of carbon in photosynthesis.
A system and method for determining a position of a remote object comprising inertial sensors and three axis magnetic sensor, together with a target sighting device aligned with the observation platform to determine a target line of sight and a target range finder to determine a distance to the target along the line of sight. A GPS receiver may be included for determining an observation platform position and orientation, The three axis magnetic sensor provides both magnetic north and vertical attitude information for improved rapid initialization and operation in motion. Magnetic anomaly information is detected by comparing IMU and magnetic navigation information and by other methods. Target identification may be determined by a human operator and/or by computer. The system may be integrated with a weapon system to use weapon system sights. The system may be networked to provide target location and/or location error information to another identical unit or a command information system.
The present invention provides novel methods for determining the presence or amount of a hydrolytic enzyme in a sample, based on novel substrates for the enzymes, and also provides compositions and methods that provide highly sensitive assay methods for such hydrolytic enzymes.
C07H 15/10 - Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to an oxygen atom of a saccharide radical containing unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
C07H 15/18 - Acyclic radicals, substituted by carbocyclic rings
The present embodiments provide a capacitor system, comprising a capacitor, a switch, and an internal dump resistor coupled with the switch, such that the switch when activated couples the internal dump resistor with the capacitor to drain a charge from the capacitor.
H01G 4/40 - Structural combinations of fixed capacitors with other electric elements not covered by this subclass, the structure mainly consisting of a capacitor, e.g. RC combinations
The present embodiments provide methods, systems and apparatuses that detect, classify and locate flash events. In some implementations, some of the methods detect a flash event, trigger an imaging system in response to detecting the flash event to capture an image of an area that includes the flash event, and determines a location of the flash event.
A method and system are provided for supporting the growth of algae cells. In the method, an inoculum of algae cells are grown in a closed bioreactor. Thereafter, the inoculum of algae cells is passed into an open system. Specifically, the inoculum is passed into an expanding plug flow reactor (EPFR) having an increasing width from its first to its second end. Further, medium is introduced into the EPFR to maintain a selected shallow depth. Importantly, the medium provides sufficient nutrients to support logarithmic growth of the algae cells to maintain a high concentration of algae cells, i.e., at least 0.5 grams per liter of medium, in the EPFR. After the desired level of growth is reached, the algae cells are transferred to a standard plug flow reactor wherein oil production is activated in the algae cells.
A system and method for producing biofuel from pollutant-fed algae are disclosed. Specifically, the system includes a scrubber with a chamber for receiving a pollutant-contaminated fluid stream. Further, a scrubber solution is received in the chamber for scrubbing the pollutant-contaminated fluid stream. Also, the system includes a bioreactor that is provided with an input port to receive the scrubber solution with pollutants for use as nutrients to support algae cell growth. Further, the system includes an algae separator that removes the algae from the bioreactor and a device for processing the algae into biofuel. In order to recycle the scrubber solution, the algae separator is in fluid communication with the scrubber. With this arrangement, the effluence from the bioreactor may be recycled for use as the scrubber solution.
A system is provided for supporting algae growth with adsorbed carbon dioxide. In the system, a channel such as a raceway is provided and holds bicarbonate solution. As algae grows in the solution, it is converted into carbonate solution. Therefore, the system provides a high surface area liquid gas contact medium for converting the carbonate solution back into bicarbonate solution. Specifically, the carbonate solution from the channel is delivered to the contact medium. At the contact medium, the carbonate solution drips or slowly moves along while air, containing carbon dioxide, moves across the solution. As carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the solution, it converts back into bicarbonate solution. Then, the bicarbonate solution is fed back into the channel to support further algae growth.
Methods and apparatus are provided for producing and extracting Mo-99 and other radioisotopes from fission products that overcome the drawbacks of previously-known systems, especially the excessive generation of radioactive wastes, by providing gas-phase extraction of fission product radioisotopes from a nuclear fuel target using a mixture including halide and an oxygen-containing species with heat to convert the fission product radioisotopes to gas (e.g., Mo-99 to MoO2Cl2 gas). The gaseous species are evacuated to a recovery chamber where the radioisotopes solidify for subsequent processing, while the substantially intact uranium target made available for further irradiation and extraction cycles.
G21G 1/00 - Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation, or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
100.
Methods and apparatus for selective gaseous extraction of molybdenum-99 and other fission product radioisotopes
2 gas). The gaseous species are evacuated to a recovery chamber where the radioisotopes solidify for subsequent processing, while the substantially intact uranium target made available for further irradiation and extraction cycles.
G21G 1/06 - Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation, or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes outside of nuclear reactors or particle accelerators by neutron irradiation
G21G 1/00 - Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation, or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
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