The present invention provides a system and a method for continuous measurement of acid gas concentration or amine loading in a basic solution using Raman spectroscopy. The system comprises a sampler for periodically obtaining a sample of one or both of a lean or a rich stream basic solution; a Raman spectrometer to obtain a Raman spectrum from one or both of said solutions; at least a processor programmed to: compare a spectral change in the measured Raman spectrum from a baseline or a control Raman spectrum; correlate the spectral change with an acid gas concentration or basic solution or both; and determine if a change to a regeneration parameter is necessary; and if so, provide control information to an actuator to implement the change.
An apparatus and method for the detection and quantitation of metals and metalloids in a sample by derivatization are provided. In particular, the apparatus and method relates to analysis of mercury in a sample by derivatization of the inorganic and organic mercury species into elemental mercury and organo-mercury hydrides using sodium borohydride.
G01N 31/00 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods
3.
METHOD TO REMOVE HEMICELLUTOSE FROM CELLUTOSIC FIBRES USING A SOLUTION OF AMMONIA AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
A method for increasing the quality of cellulosic fibres used in forming dissolving pulp wherein the hemicellulose content of a pulp is reduced by treating the fibres with a liquor which includes hydrogen peroxide and ammonia.
A solid state electrochemical cell comprises a dense electrolyte layer; at least one reticulated electrode matrix (REM) of ion-conducting material partially sintered on the gas impermeable electrolyte layer, and electrode material located substantially within the REM. The REM has a majority of pores with an average pore size of less than micron. The REM can also have a porosity of 5 to 80%, thickness at or below 3.00 microns, and a mean grain size of 0.01 to 3.00 microns.
A method of forming a composite panel or board includes the step of adding phyllosilicate clay to a thermosetting resin and natural fibres. The natural fibres include hardwood fibre, softwood fibre, grain straw, hemp fibre, kenaf fibre, bagasse fibre, palm fibre, canola straw fibre, flax straw fibre, rapeseed straw fibre, wheat straw fibre, oat straw fibre, barley straw fibre, rice straw fibre or rye straw fibre. The thermosetting resin may include phenol formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde, melamine urea formaldehyde, or methylenediphenyl diisocynanate. The phyllosilicate clay may include nanoparticulate clay and may include natural, modified or synthetic forms of sodium montmorillonite, montmorillonite, nontronite, beidellite, volkonskoite, laponite, hectorite, saponite, sauconite, magadite, kenyaite, stevensite, vermiculite, halloysite, or hydrotactite.
A method for obtaining a reflectance property indication of a sample which includes making a reflectance measurement of the sample and correcting the reflectance measurement in order to obtain the reflectance property indication. The reflectance measurement represents an observed reflectance of the sample, the reflectance property indication represents a standardized reflectance of the sample, and correcting the reflectance measurement accounts for a difference between the standardized reflectance and the observed reflectance. An apparatus for making a reflectance measurement of a sample which includes a housing defining a viewing port, a temperature control mechanism for controlling the temperature within the interior of the housing, and an optical reflectometer contained within the interior of the housing. The reflectometer has a measurement direction and is movable within the housing so that the measurement direction can be selectively aligned with the viewing port.
A synthetic procedure for the preparation of non-animal based lactose from 4'-epimeric analogue of lactose by use of orthogonal protecting groups, formation of a suitable leaving group at the 4'-position, stereochemical inversion by nucleophilic attack and deprotection.
A system and a method for detecting a damaged or missing machine part. The system includes an image capturing device for capturing images of the machine and a processor for processing the captured images. The system may further include a sensible output for providing an indication of a damaged or missing machine part. The method includes capturing images of the machine against a background which moves relative to the machine over time, selecting a pair of time-separated images from the captured images, generating a displacement image from the pair of images, comparing the machine from the displacement image with a machine model, and identifying a damaged or missing machine part from the comparison of the displacement image with the machine model. The method may further include providing a sensible output which indicates a damaged or missing machine part.
G01N 21/892 - Investigating the presence of flaws, defects or contamination in moving material, e.g. paper, textiles characterised by the flaw, defect or object feature examined
A method of preparing a lignocellulosic fibre panel having improved bond strength includes the step of mixing the fibres with a resin, a wax, and an oil or fat comprising saturated or unsaturated triglycerides, prior to mat forming and panel pressing. Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) measurement and MDF panel test results have shown that fibre adhesion characteristics have changed significantly with the addition of the oil or fat, leading to significant panel internal bond (IB) and dimensional stability improvements.
An improvement in a PVT apparatus, which improvement includes a fluid path model having a fluid path and a sampling section, wherein the depth of the fluid path within the sampling section is substantially uniform and is less than about 100 쎽m. The apparatus may be configured to provide a micron-scale slim tube which may be used in a manner similar to a conventional slim tube apparatus. A method for characterizing an interfacial property of a dispersion such as, for example, miscibility of a first fluid and a second fluid as a function of pressure. The method includes collecting sets of transmittance images representing transmittance of electromagnetic radiation through the dispersion, generating values of a general interfacial property factor from the transmittance images, and characterizing the interfacial property using the values of the general interfacial property factor.
A water supply sub-system for connection to a water quality analyzer unit includes a water purification unit (38-40-42-44) co-located with thw water quality analyzer unit (100). Raw reference water (36) is introduced into the water purification unit (38-40-42-44) and passed along a flow path including at least a water purification element including a reverse osmosis unit (42). An automated reference water valve (32) provides purified reference water to the water quality analyzer unit (100) at predetermined time intervals for use in instrumental zeroing events. Small volumes of water are purified at regular intervals using high efficiency water purification elements for low volume, thereby eliminating the need to maintain a reservoir of water for instrumental zeroing purposes.
A modified toe-to-heel waterflooding (TTHW) process is provided for recovering oil from a reservoir in an underground formation. After establishing the conventional TTHW waterflood, the process includes placing a chemical blocking agent at the watered out producing toe portion of the horizontal leg of the production well to create a blockage in the producing toe portion and to create a new producing toe portion in an open portion of the horizontal leg adjacent the blockage through which most of the production takes place. Production is then continued through the new producing toe portion and the open portion of the horizontal leg of the production well. These blocking and producing steps can be continued to progressively block producing toe portions in a direction toward the vertical pilot portion of the production well.
A natural herbicide comprising a Burkholderia species cell-free culture fraction having herbicidal activity is provided. The natural herbicide may comprise a cell free fraction having a molecular weight less than about 5000 Daltons, less than 1000 Daltons, or a substantially purified compound having a molecular weight of about 192 Daltons or about 390 Daltons. A method of suppressing or controlling growth of a target plant by applying a composition comprising the natural herbicide is also provided, as is a method of producing a natural herbicide. The natural herbicide may be produced by obtaining a cell-free culture conditioned by growth of a Burkholderia species, fractionating the cell-free culture to obtain a fraction having herbicidal activity, and purifying the fraction having herbicidal activity to produce the natural herbicide.
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