A surface-treated copper foil includes a roughening treatment layer on at least one surface of an untreated copper foil, a heat-resistant treatment layer on the roughening treatment layer, and a chromate treatment layer on the heat-resistant treatment layer. The roughening treatment layer is formed of copper particles having a primary particle size of 0.5 μm or more and 0.9 μm or less. The heat-resistant treatment layer is a heat-resistant treatment layer containing cobalt and molybdenum. The chromate treatment layer has a treatment surface with a gloss Gs (85°) of 60 or more and 80 or less.
C25D 5/12 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
B32B 15/08 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
B32B 37/24 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
C25D 3/04 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of chromium
C25D 3/38 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of copper
C25D 3/56 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of alloys
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/38 - Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
2.
COPPER ALLOY POWDER FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND COPPER ALLOY ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED PRODUCT AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
According to this invention, it is possible to obtain a high-quality copper alloy additively manufactured product. This present invention provides a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing used to create an additively manufactured product by an additive manufacturing method, in which the copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing contains not less than 1.3 wt % to not more than 12.5 wt % of an aluminum element, and a balance is formed by copper and unavoidable impurities. A manufacturing method of a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing includes generating a copper alloy powder formed by adding not less than 1.3 wt % to not more than 12.5 wt % of an aluminum element to copper by a gas atomization method, and classifying the generated copper alloy powder into a particle size of not less than 10 μm to not more than 45 μm. A manufacturing method of a copper alloy additively manufactured product includes manufacturing a copper alloy additively manufactured product by an additive manufacturing apparatus using a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing, and holding the manufactured copper alloy additively manufactured product at not less than 400° C. to not more than 600° C. for 1 hr.
B22F 1/05 - Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
A sliding member is provided with a sliding film at least on a surface of the sliding member. The sliding film contains copper-based alloy particles including titanium and has a titanium oxide layer in part of an interface between the particles forming the sliding film. The titanium content of the copper-based alloy particles is 3.5 mass % or more and 11.0 mass % or less. The sliding member is part of an internal combustion engine.
A sliding member includes at least one surface having a particle aggregate of base material particles and hard particles. The hard particles are iron-based alloy particles containing molybdenum silicide in an amount of 35% to 90% by area. The sliding member has a wear resistance equivalent to that of a sliding member that uses cobalt-based hard particles.
[Problem] To provide a silver particle spherical aggregate which is a nano-silver particle spherical aggregate obtained by aggregating spherical nano-silver particles into a spherical shape and a silver particle spherical aggregate obtained by heat-treating the nano-silver particle spherical aggregate, wherein both of said silver particle spherical aggregates can be suitably used as a conductive filler, can be crushed to produce spherical silver particles, have excellent dispersibility and excellent handleability, and can be produced by a simple method. [Solution] A nano-silver particle spherical aggregate obtained by aggregating spherical nano-silver particles having a BET diameter of 20-100 nm, wherein the value of [D50% particle diameter according to a laser diffraction particle size measurement method]/[BET diameter] of the nano-silver particle spherical aggregate is at least 10.
B22F 9/24 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
6.
COPPER ALLOY POWDER FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, MANUFACTURING METHOD AND EVALUATION METHOD THEREOF, MANUFACTURING METHOD OF COPPER ALLOY ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED PRODUCT, AND COPPER ALLOY ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED PRODUCT
This invention provides a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing that obtains a copper alloy additively manufactured product having a high strength and a high electrical conductivity. This invention provides a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing used to manufacture an additively manufactured product by an additive manufacturing method, wherein the copper alloy powder contains not less than 0.70 wt % to not more than 1.5 wt % of chromium and not less than 0.05 wt % to not more than 0.35 wt % of magnesium, and a balance is formed from copper and an unavoidable impurity. This invention also provides an evaluation method of a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing, including additively manufacturing a copper alloy additively manufactured product using the copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing of an evaluation target, measuring an electrical conductivity X (% IACS) and a Vickers hardness Y (Hv) of the copper alloy additively manufactured product, and evaluating the copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing depending on whether, if the electrical conductivity X (% IACS) and the Vickers hardness Y (Hv) are plotted on a two-dimensional graph formed by an X-axis and a Y-axis, a point (X, Y) is located on a high strength side and a high electrical conductivity side of a boundary line represented by (Y=−1.1X+300).
B22F 1/05 - Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B22F 9/14 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes using electric discharge
B22F 10/28 - Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
B22F 10/64 - Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
Disclosed is a metal powder for additive manufacturing, which is used for the formation of an additively manufactured object by an additive manufacturing method in order to form a stable powder bed for achieving a high-density additively manufactured object that has a relative density of 99% or more, the metal powder having a -63 µm + 45 µm sieve particle size (mass%) of 9% or more and a particle diameter D5 of 9 μm or more. Also disclosed is an additively manufactured object which is formed by an additive manufacturing apparatus with use of the metal powder for additive manufacturing, the additively manufactured object being characterized by having a relative density of 99.0% or more.
B22F 1/052 - Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 10/28 - Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
B22F 10/34 - Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
B22F 10/36 - Process control of energy beam parameters
B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
[Problem] To provide a copper-based metal powder that can be suitably used for a conductive material, wherein a conductive paste containing the copper-based metal powder has excellent applicability as it is difficult for particles of the copper-based metal powder to agglomerate or break during application, and a baked coating film exhibiting excellent conductivity can be produced when baked at a low temperature. [Solution] The copper-based metal powder has an average particle size of 10 μm or less and a Rattler Value of 90% or more.
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/04 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
H01B 1/22 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
9.
NICKEL BRAZING MATERIAL HAVING EXCELLENT WET SPREADING PROPERTY
Provided is a nickel brazing filler metal which is capable of brazing and joining various stainless steel members at relatively low temperature, and has excellent corrosion resistance, and is used for brazing of a heat exchanger and the like. The nickel brazing filler metal is characterized by having a melting temperature of 1000° C. or less, exhibiting excellent Wettability, having corrosion resistance against acid, and containing 8.0 to 19.0 mass % of Cr, 7.0 to 10.5 mass % of P, 0.1 to 1.5 mass % of B, and 2.0 to 8.0 mass % of Cu, wherein a content of Mo is 10.0 mass % or less, a content of Si is 2.5 mass % or less, and the remainders are is Ni and unavoidable impurities. In addition, the nickel brazing filler metal may contain one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe and Mn, where the content of Co is 5.0 mass % or less, the content of Fe is 3.0 mass % or less, the content of Mn is 3.0 mass % or less, and the total content of these elements is 8.0 mass % or less.
B32B 3/00 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/02 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
H05K 3/38 - Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
11.
SURFACE-TREATED COPPER FOIL, AND COPPER CLAD LAMINATE AND PRINTED WIRING BOARD EACH USING SAID SURFACE-TREATED COPPER FOIL
[Problem] To provide a surface-treated copper foil which has excellent anchoring effect with respect to an insulating resin base material and is capable of maintaining high adhesion to a low dielectric resin base material that has a high molding temperature, while achieving high heat resistance and low insertion loss, and which is therefore suitable for use in the production of a printed wiring board for high frequency signal transmission, the printed wiring board using a low dielectric resin base material having a molding temperature of 300°C or more. [Solution] A surface-treated copper foil which comprises a roughening treatment layer on at least one surface of an untreated copper foil, a heat resistance treatment layer on the roughening treatment layer, and a chromate treatment layer on the heat resistance treatment layer, wherein: the roughening treatment layer is formed of copper particles that have a primary particle diameter of 0.5 µm to 0.9 µm; the heat resistance treatment layer contains cobalt and molybdenum; and the gloss Gs (at 85°) of a treated surface of the chromate treatment layer is 60 to 80 (inclusive).
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
C25D 5/10 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
C25D 5/16 - Electroplating with layers of varying thickness
C25D 5/48 - After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
H05K 3/38 - Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
12.
MIXED POWDER FOR PASTE BRAZING MATERIALS, AND PASTE BRAZING MATERIAL USING SAME
The present invention provides: a mixed powder for paste brazing materials; a paste brazing material which is produced using this powder; and a method for producing a paste brazing material. A paste brazing material according to the present invention is able to be produced by mixing 8.0 parts by mass to 22.0 parts by mass of an aqueous solution that contains an organic solvent or the like into 100 parts by mass of a mixed powder for paste brazing materials, wherein the mass ratio of a brazing filler material powder to a resin powder, which serves as a water-soluble thickening agent, is 99.88-97.90:0.12-2.10. It is preferable that the resin powder is composed of a cellulose-based material; and it is particularly preferable that the resin powder is composed of one or two materials selected from among methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose.
[Problem] To provide a silver-based metal powder with which stable sintering/burning is possible even in an atmosphere with a low temperature and/or high dew point and which, by having less variation in the strength and dimensions of the sintered bodies, can be used preferably as a raw material powder for powder metallurgy and/or a raw material powder for conductive paste material. [Solution] A silver-based metal powder wherein: the standard free energy of formation of an oxide contained in the silver-based metal powder in a temperature range at or below 600°C is equal to or lower than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in said temperature range; and the total content of an impurity element having a mixing enthalpy with silver of equal to or lower than aluminum is equal to or lower than 500 ppm.
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a copper alloy laminated and shaped object having a high strength and a high electrical conductivity. This invention provides a copper alloy powder for laminating and shaping, wherein the copper alloy powder contains a chromium element an amount of which is equal to or more than 0.40 wt % and equal to or less than 1.5 wt %, a silver element an amount of which is equal to or more than 0.10 wt % and equal to or less than 1.0 wt %, and a balance of pure copper and unavoidable impurities. This invention also provides an evaluation method of a copper alloy powder for laminating and shaping, including laminating and shaping a copper alloy laminated and shaped object using the copper alloy powder for laminating and shaping as an evaluation target, measuring an electrical conductivity X (% IACS) and a Vickers hardness (Hv) of the copper alloy laminated and shaped object, and evaluating the copper alloy powder for laminating and shaping based on whether or not, if the electrical conductivity X (% IACS) and the Vickers hardness (Hv) are plotted on a two-dimensional graph formed by an X-axis and a Y-axis, a point (X, Y) is located on a high strength side and a high electrical conductivity side of a boundary line represented by (Y=−6X+680).
The present invention makes it possible to manufacture an additively-manufactured copper alloy article having high strength by efficiently producing a Corson alloy from nickel and silicon. This copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing is used to manufacture an additively-manufactured article by additive manufacturing, the copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing containing nickel and silicon with the remainder made up by copper and unavoidable impurities, the value obtained by dividing the nickel content (wt%) by the silicon content (wt%) being 3.3 to 7.2. This copper alloy additively-manufactured article is additively manufactured by an additive manufacturing device, the copper alloy additively-manufactured article containing 1.5 wt% to 6.0 wt% of nickel and 0.35 wt% to 1.5 wt% of silicon with the remainder made up by copper and unavoidable impurities, and being such that the value obtained by dividing the nickel content (wt%) by the silicon content (wt%) is 3.3 to 7.2.
This sliding member is provided with a sliding film on at least the surface thereof. The sliding film contains copper-based alloy particles each containing titanium, in which a titanium oxide layer is provided on at least a portion of an interface between the particles that form the sliding film. In the copper-based alloy particles, the content of titanium is 3.5% by mass to 11.0% by mass inclusive. The copper-based alloy particles comprise precipitates composed of copper and titanium. This internal combustion engine is characterized by being provided with a sliding member.
COPPER ALLOY POWDER FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAID COPPER ALLOY POWDER, AND COPPER ALLOY ADDITIVELY-MANUFACTURED ARTICLE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME
The present invention can provide a high-quality copper alloy additively-manufactured article. The present invention is a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing, to be used for manufacturing an additively-manufactured object by an additive manufacturing process. This copper alloy powder comprises more than 1.3 weight% but not more than 12.5 weight% of the element aluminum with the balance being copper and unavoidable impurities. The method for producing a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing comprises: a step for producing, by a gas atomization process, a copper alloy powder in which more than 1.3 weight% but not more than 12.5 weight% of the element aluminum has been added to copper; and a step for classifying the produced copper alloy powder to particle diameters of at least 10 µm and not more than 45 µm. The method for producing a copper alloy additively-manufactured article comprises: a production step for producing, using the copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing and using an additive manufacturing apparatus, a copper alloy additively-manufactured article; and a tempering step of holding the produced copper alloy additively-manufactured article for 1 hour at from 400°C to 600°C.
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 1/05 - Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B22F 10/28 - Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
B22F 10/38 - Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
B22F 10/64 - Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
C22C 9/01 - Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
C22F 1/00 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
C22F 1/08 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
18.
SLIDING MEMBER AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE PROVIDED WITH SLIDING MEMBER
A sliding member according to the present invention includes, at least at the surface thereof, a particulate aggregate of base material particles and hard particles. Because the hard particles are iron alloy particles containing molybdenum silicide at 35 to 90 surface area%, a sliding member having an abrasion resistance equivalent to that in the case where cobalt-based hard particles are used can be provided.
This invention provides a copper alloy powder for additive layer manufacturing with which a high strength, highly electrically conductive additive layer-manufactured copper alloy article is obtained. This invention is a copper alloy powder for additive layer manufacturing to be used for manufacturing an additive layer-manufactured object using an additive layer manufacturing process, the powder containing 0.70-1.5 weight% of chromium and 0.05-0.35 weight% of magnesium, the balance consisting of copper and unavoidable impurities. The present invention is also a method for evaluating a copper alloy powder for additive layer manufacturing, the method comprising: a step for carrying out additive layer manufacturing of an additive layer-manufactured copper alloy article using the copper alloy powder for additive layer manufacturing that is being evaluated; a step for measuring the electrical conductivity X (%IACS) and Vickers hardness Y (Hv) of the additive layer-manufactured copper alloy article; and a step for evaluating the copper alloy powder for additive layer manufacturing on the basis of whether or not the points (X, Y), when the electrical conductivity X (%IACS) and Vickers hardness Y (Hv) are plotted on a two-dimensional graph having an X-axis and a Y-axis, are located on the higher strength side and the higher electrical conductivity side of a boundary line given by (Y = -1.1X+300).
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 1/052 - Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
This sliding member is provided with a coating film which is formed from a particle assembly and disposed on a substrate surface. In addition, the particle assembly includes copper-based alloy particles containing copper (Cu) as a main component, 3.5 mass% or more of nickel (Ni), and 0.001 mass% or more of silicon (Si), wherein the component ratio (Ni/Si) between Ni and Si is 5 to 50,000; and the copper-based alloy particles include nickel silicide deposits in a parent phase containing at least copper and nickel. As a result, both a solid-solution strengthening effect and a precipitation strengthening effect can be achieved such that a sliding member having high hardness and improved abrasion resistance under high temperatures and an internal combustion engine equipped with the sliding member can be provided.
[Problem] To provide a low-viscosity electroconductive adhesive that can be suitably used in a jet dispenser, can maintain a constant discharge shape and a constant discharge rate, can be discharged continuously due to being unlikely to cause the clogging of a nozzle, and enables a coating film thereof to cure quickly, and provides a cured coating film that exhibits excellent bonding strength and electrical properties. [Solution] An electroconductive adhesive containing: a silver powder in which a flaky silver powder and a spherical silver powder have been mixed at a mass ratio of 40:60 to 60:40; an epoxy resin composed of an alicyclic epoxy resin and a bisphenol-A type liquid epoxy resin; and a curing agent, wherein the electroconductive adhesive has a silver powder content of 75-85 parts by mass and a thixotropy of 2.0-3.0.
C08G 59/18 - Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
Provided is a nickel brazing material with which various types of stainless steel members can be brazed at a relatively low temperature, which has excellent corrosion resistance, and which is used for brazing of a heat exchanger and the like. The nickel brazing material is characterized by exhibiting excellent wet spreading property at the melting temperature of 1,000°C or less, having corrosion resistance against acid, and containing 8.0-19.0 mass% of Cr, 7.0-10.5 mass% of P, 0.1-1.5 mass% of B, and 2.0-8.0 mass% of Cu, wherein: the contained amount of Mo is 10.0 mass% or less; the contained amount of Si is 2.5 mass% or less; and the remainder is constituted by Ni and unavoidable impurities. In addition, the nickel brazing material may contain one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Mn, where the contained amount of Co is 5.0 mass% or less, the contained amount of Fe is 3.0 mass% or less, the contained amount of Mn is 3.0 mass% or less, and the total contained amount of these elements is 8.0 mass% or less.
[Problem] The present invention provides a surface-treated copper foil which exhibits high adhesion even to a low dielectric resin base material since the treated surface thereof has a three-dimensional shape that is formed of a plurality of linked fine copper particles and has a high specific surface area ratio per 1 m2of the two-dimensional area, thereby exhibiting high anchoring effect, and which is not susceptible to separation from an insulating resin base material even if exposed to high temperatures for a long period of time, while having excellent transmission characteristics that are equivalent to the transmission characteristics of a non-roughened copper foil. This surface-treated copper foil is suitable for use as a printed wiring board for high frequency signal transmission, the printed wiring board being capable of forming a multilayer printed wiring board having excellent interlayer adhesion. [Solution] A surface-treated copper foil which is obtained by arranging, on at least one surface of an untreated copper foil, a finely roughened layer that is composed of copper particles that have a primary particle diameter of 10 nm to 110 nm, and a heat resistance treatment layer that contains nickel and phosphorus, wherein: the surface area ratio of the treated surface per 1 m2of the two-dimensional area as calculated from the specific surface area that is determined by a krypton gas adsorption BET method is 5.1 or more; and the adhesion amount of the nickel per 1 m2 of the surface area is 2 mg or more.
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
C25D 5/12 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
C25D 5/16 - Electroplating with layers of varying thickness
Laminating and shaping copper powder, laminated and shaped object, manufacturing method of laminated and shaped object, and laminating and shaping apparatus
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Sugitani, Yuji
Kyogoku, Hideki
Abstract
The present invention provides a laminating and shaping copper powder capable of shaping a laminated and shaped object of copper having a high electrical conductivity of, for example, 80% IACS or more. The present invention is a laminating and shaping copper powder obtained by mixing a nano-oxide of equal to or more than 0.01 wt % and equal to or less than 0.20 wt % and a pure copper powder. There is also provided a laminated and shaped object using the laminating and shaping copper powder of the present invention. There are also provided a manufacturing method of the laminated and shaped object using the laminating and shaping copper powder of the present invention and a laminating and shaping apparatus using the laminating and shaping copper powder.
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 1/05 - Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
B22F 1/105 - Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agentsMetallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
25.
COPPER ALLOY POWDER FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND METHOD FOR EVALUATING SAID COPPER ALLOY POWDER, METHOD FOR PRODUCING COPPER ALLOY ADDITIVELY-MANUFACTURED ARTICLE, AND COPPER ALLOY ADDITIVELY-MANUFACTURED ARTICLE
The present invention can provide a copper alloy additively-manufactured article that has a high strength and a high electrical conductivity. The present invention is a copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing, comprising 0.40-1.5 weight% chromium and 0.10-1.0 weight% silver with the balance being copper and inevitable impurities. The present invention is also a method for evaluating copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing, wherein the method comprises a step for carrying out additive manufacturing of a copper alloy additively-manufactured article using the copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing that is to undergo evaluation; a step for measuring the electrical conductivity X (%IACS) and Vickers hardness Y (Hv) of the copper alloy additively-manufactured article; and a step for evaluating the copper alloy powder for additive manufacturing based on whether a point (X,Y) resides on the higher strength side and higher electrical conductivity side from the boundary line given by (Y = -6X + 680) when the electrical conductivity X (%IACS) and Vickers hardness Y (Hv) are plotted on a two-dimensional graph having an X-axis and a Y-axis.
B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
C22C 1/04 - Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
C22F 1/08 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
C22F 1/00 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
26.
GOLD-COLOR PASTE FOR AQUEOUS INK, AND AQUEOUS GOLD-COLOR INK IN WHICH SAID PASTE IS DISPERSED
[Problem] To provide a gold-color paste from which an aqueous gold-color ink can be produced, which exhibits good dispersibility with respect to a vehicle for an aqueous acrylic ink, from which an aqueous gold-color ink that is not gelled over a long period of time of at least one month and therefore that has excellent storage stability can be produced. In addition, the aqueous gold-color ink can be used for printing a printed matter that has excellent metal gloss. The aqueous gold-color ink can be suitably used for high-definition printing. Furthermore, the use of a vehicle for an aqueous ink allows production of an aqueous gold-color ink that is highly safe and has low environmental impact. [Solution] A gold-color paste for an aqueous ink, the paste comprising, with respect to 100 parts by weight of a brass flake powder the surface of which is coated with a fatty acid: 0.5-10 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 13-17; 15-45 parts by weight of a glycol; and 3-10 parts by weight of an aqueous solution of an aqueous wax emulsion.
A surface treated copper foil includes: a copper foil; a finely roughened particle treatment layer of copper on at least one surface of the copper foil, the finely roughened particle treatment layer including fine copper particles having a particle size of 40 to 200 nm; a heat resistance treatment layer containing nickel on the finely roughened particle treatment layer; a rust prevention treatment layer containing at least chromium on the heat resistance treatment layer; and a silane coupling agent treatment layer on the rust prevention treatment layer. An amount of nickel attached in the heat resistance treatment layer is 30 to 60 mg/m2.
B32B 3/00 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
H05K 3/38 - Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
28.
Sliding member and member for internal combustion engine
A sliding member of the present invention includes a base material and a coating layer that is formed on the base material. The coating layer includes a particle aggregate, and the particle aggregate contains two or more kinds of precipitation hardened copper alloy particles that have different compositions. The sliding member has high coating strength and superior wear resistance.
F16C 3/12 - Crankshafts assembled of several parts, e.g. by welding releasably connected
B22F 1/08 - Metallic powder characterised by particles having an amorphous microstructure
B22F 3/24 - After-treatment of workpieces or articles
B22F 5/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
B22F 5/10 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
B22F 7/06 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
B22F 7/08 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
B32B 15/01 - Layered products essentially comprising metal all layers being exclusively metallic
B32B 15/04 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/16 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a particulate layer
B32B 15/18 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising iron or steel
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
C22C 1/04 - Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
C23C 24/00 - Coating starting from inorganic powder
C23C 24/08 - Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
C23C 28/02 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of metallic material
C23C 30/00 - Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
F01L 3/02 - Selecting particular materials for valve members or valve seatsValve members or valve seats composed of two or more materials
A sliding member of the present invention includes a base material and a coating layer that is formed on the base material. The coating layer includes a particle aggregate that contains precipitation hardened copper alloy particles. The precipitation hardened copper alloy particles contain cobalt (Co) and silicon (Si). The sliding member has high coating strength and superior wear resistance.
C22C 9/06 - Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
C23C 24/04 - Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
C23C 30/00 - Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
A laminate includes a base substrate, and a coating layer formed on the base substrate. The coating layer includes a copper alloy portions derived from precipitation-hardening copper alloy particles and hard particle portions which are harder than the copper alloy portions, the hard particle portions are derived from hard particles, and the parts bond with each other via an interface. Each of the hard particle portions has a non-spherical shape.
A sliding member includes the laminate in at least one sliding portion.
A method for manufacturing a laminate includes a step of spraying a mixture in a non-molten state including precipitation-hardening copper alloy particles and hard particles having a non-spherical shape and being harder than the copper alloy particles onto a base substrate, to form a coating layer on the base substrate.
B22F 7/04 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
C22C 1/04 - Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
C22C 9/06 - Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
C22C 9/10 - Alloys based on copper with silicon as the next major constituent
31.
FLAME-RETARDANT CONDUCTIVE PASTE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAID FLAME-RETARDANT CONDUCTIVE PASTE
[Problem] To provide a flame-retardant conductive paste which is capable of forming a dried coating film that exhibits excellent flame retardancy such that the dried coating film does not catch fire even if there is an outbreak of fire in the vicinity thereof, or such that even in cases where the dried coating film caught fire, the fire is immediately put out, while having excellent electrical conductivity and high adhesion to a base material, thereby being not susceptible to separation from the base material, and which is suitable for use in an electrode of a capacitor. [Solution] A flame-retardant conductive paste which contains flake-like silver particles, a resin, a flame retardant and an organic solvent, wherein: the solid content that is composed of the flake-like silver particles, the resin and the flame retardant is from 40% by weight to 90% by weight; the content of the flake-like silver particles in the solid content is from 80% by weight to 95% by weight; the weight ratio of the resin to the flame retardant is from 91:9 to 40:60; and the flame retardant is composed of a phosphoric acid ester compound.
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY CORPORATION KUMAMOTO UNIVERSITY (Japan)
KYOTO UNIVERSITY (Japan)
KABUSHIKI KAISHA KYOTO IRYO SEKKEI (Japan)
TOHO KINZOKU CO., LTD. (Japan)
FUKUDA METAL FOIL & POWDER CO., LTD. (Japan)
Inventor
Kawamura, Yoshihito
Ishii, Akira
Nishi, Hidehisa
Yamada, Hirokazu
Yagi, Shin-Ichi
Tsuda, Taishi
Okouchi, Hitoshi
Ishida, Mineo
Abstract
Provided is a stent for a cerebral aneurysm, said stent being formed of a material absorbable in vivo. One embodiment of the present invention pertains to a stent 10 that has self-expandability and, therefore, is crimped to blood vessel wall and placed so as to straddle a cerebral aneurysm. The stent 10 has bioabsorbable properties and comprises a magnesium alloy containing 90 at% or more of Mg or pure magnesium.
C22F 1/06 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
A61F 2/82 - Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
A61B 17/00 - Surgical instruments, devices or methods
A61B 17/12 - Surgical instruments, devices or methods for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels or umbilical cord
33.
COPPER POWDER FOR LAMINATE SHAPING, LAMINATE SHAPED BODY, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING LAMINATE SHAPED BODY, AND LAMINATE SHAPING APPARATUS
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Sugitani Yuji
Kyogoku Hideki
Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a copper powder which is for laminate shaping and from which a laminate shaped article of copper having a high electrical conductivity, for example, of at least 80% IACS can be shaped. The present invention is a copper powder which is for laminate shaping and in which 0.01-0.20 wt% of a nano-oxide is mixed with a copper powder. Moreover, provided is a laminate shaped body using the copper powder for laminate shaping according to the present invention. Furthermore, provided are: a method for manufacturing the laminate shaped body using the copper powder for laminate shaping according to the present invention; and a laminate shaping apparatus.
G01N 11/14 - Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity or plasticityAnalysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by using rotary bodies, e.g. vane
B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
B33Y 50/00 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
One aspect of the present invention relates to a surface-treated copper foil comprising a copper foil and a fine roughing particle treatment layer made from copper and arranged on at least one surface of the copper foil, the surface-treated copper foil being characterized in that the fine roughing particle treatment layer is composed of fine copper particles each having a particle diameter of 40 to 200 nm, a heat-resistance-imparting treatment layer containing nickel is provided on the fine roughing particle treatment layer, a rust-proofing treatment layer containing at least chromium is provided on the heat-resistance-imparting treatment layer, a silane coupling agent treatment layer is provided on the rust-proofing treatment layer, and the attachment amount of nickel in the heat-resistance-imparting treatment layer is 30 to 60 mg/m2.
B32B 15/08 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/38 - Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
36.
Lamination shaping powder evaluation method and lamination shaping powder therefor
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Matsumoto, Seiichi
Sugitani, Yuji
Nishida, Motonori
Abstract
3, the squeegeeing property is evaluated as that the powder can be spread into a uniform powder layer in the lamination shaping. Furthermore, if the 50% particle size of a powder obtained by a laser diffraction method is 3 to 250 μm, the squeegeeing property is evaluated as that the powder can be spread into a uniform powder layer in the lamination shaping.
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Sugitani, Yuji
Nishizawa, Yoshito
Maruyama, Takeshi
Okubo, Hiroaki
Abstract
In this invention, a copper powder to which phosphorus (P) is added is developed such that a high-density laminated and shaped product can be obtained by a laminating and shaping method using a fiber laser as a heat source by appropriately reducing the electrical conductivity of copper, so a laminated and shaped product having a high density and a high electrical conductivity can be obtained. This invention is a copper powder for lamination shaping in which a phosphorus element is added to pure copper. The copper powder desirably contains 0.01 wt % or more of the phosphorus element. The copper powder more desirably contains 0.04 wt % or more of the phosphorus element. The copper powder desirably contains 0.30 wt % or less of the phosphorus element. The copper powder more desirably contains 0.24 wt % or less of the phosphorus element. No element other than the phosphorus element is desirably added to the copper powder.
B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
B29C 64/153 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 3/16 - Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
B22F 10/28 - Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
B22F 12/41 - Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
B22F 1/052 - Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
38.
Hard rolled-copper foil and method of manufacturing the hard rolled-copper foil
A hard rolled-copper foil which, when heated and laminated on an insulating resin base material, can exhibit excellent bend-resistance characteristics without increasing a final reduction ratio, which, being not prone to develop rolling marks, can maintain a low surface coarseness and can therefore be preferably used in a flexible printed wiring board having excellent high-speed transmission characteristics, which is not prone to softening at room temperature, and which provides excellent operation efficiency and foil passing property when being processed into a flexible printed wiring board after having been stored. A hard rolled-copper foil in which a crystal orientation density in a copper orientation is not less than 10, and a crystal orientation density in a brass orientation is not less than 20.
B21B 1/40 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling foils which present special problems, e.g. because of thinness
B21B 3/00 - Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
C22F 1/08 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Sugitani, Yuji
Nishizawa, Yoshito
Maruyama, Takeshi
Okubo, Hiroaki
Abstract
This invention provides a copper powder to which tin (Sn) is added such that a high-density laminated and shaped product can be obtained by a laminating and shaping method using a fiber laser as a heat source by appropriately reducing the electrical conductivity of copper, so a laminated and shaped product having a high density and a high electrical conductivity can be obtained. That is, this invention provides a copper powder for lamination shaping in which a tin element is added to pure copper. Desirably, the copper powder contains 0.5 wt % or more of the tin element. More desirably, the copper powder contains 5.0 wt % or more of the tin element. When the product has an electrical conductivity sufficient as a copper product, the copper powder desirably contains 6.0 wt % or less of the tin element. Furthermore, no element other than the tin element is desirably added to the copper powder.
This sliding member is provided with a substrate and a coating layer formed on the substrate. The coating layer comprises a particle aggregate, and said particle aggregate contains two or more types of precipitation hardening-type copper alloy particles having different compositions. The present invention makes it possible to provide a sliding member having high coating strength and excellent wear resistance.
This sliding member is provided with a substrate and a coating layer formed on the substrate. The coating layer comprises a particle aggregate containing precipitation hardening-type copper alloy particles, and said precipitation hardening-type copper alloy particles contain cobalt (Co) and silicon (Si). The present invention makes it possible to provide a sliding member having high coating strength and excellent wear resistance.
B22F 7/04 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
C22C 9/06 - Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
F01L 3/02 - Selecting particular materials for valve members or valve seatsValve members or valve seats composed of two or more materials
A sliding member includes a base substrate and a coating layer formed on the base substrate. The coating layer includes a copper alloy part derived from a plurality of precipitation hardening copper alloy particles. The copper alloy parts are bonded to each other via interfaces between the copper alloy parts. The copper alloy part contains nickel and silicon as additive elements. The copper alloy part contains 2 to 5 percent by mass of nickel.
A sliding member for an internal combustion engine includes the sliding member at a sliding part of the internal combustion engine.
A method for producing a laminated member includes a step of spraying a mixture in a non-molten state including a plurality of precipitation hardening copper alloy particles and a plurality of hard particles that have non-spherical shapes having a median aspect ratio of equal to or more than 1.2 and are harder than the copper alloy particles onto a base substrate to form a coating layer on the base substrate.
A laminate includes a base substrate, and a coating layer formed on the base substrate. The coating layer includes a copper alloy portions derived from precipitation-hardening copper alloy particles and hard particle portions which are harder than the copper alloy portions, the hard particle portions are derived from hard particles, and the parts bond with each other via an interface. Each of the hard particle portions has a non-spherical shape.
A sliding member includes the laminate in at least one sliding portion.
A method for manufacturing a laminate includes a step of spraying a mixture in a non-molten state including precipitation-hardening copper alloy particles and hard particles having a non-spherical shape and being harder than the copper alloy particles onto a base substrate, to form a coating layer on the base substrate.
B22F 7/04 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
C22C 1/04 - Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
C22C 9/06 - Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
C22C 9/10 - Alloys based on copper with silicon as the next major constituent
C23C 24/04 - Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
[Problem] To provide infiltration Cu-based powder to be an infiltrant for Fe-based substrates, wherein: the infiltrant comprising the Cu-based powder has a high infiltration rate and allows a Fe-based substrate to have a high density, thereby allowing for production of a sintered product of a Fe-based alloy having high strength and high toughness; the infiltrant does not corrode the substrate surface, and thus the surface state of the substrate after infiltration is good; and no residue remains after infiltration, and thus a residue removing step is not required. [Solution] Provided is infiltration Cu-based powder containing Cu and 1.5-4.0 mass% of Fe or Co, wherein the total contained amount of elements, for which the standard free energy of formation of a lowest condensed phase oxide in the temperature range of 1373-1423K is less than or equal to the standard free energy of formation of a Cr oxide in said temperature range, is less than or equal to 0.3 mass%.
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 3/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sinteringApparatus specially adapted therefor
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
A metal powder for additive manufacturing includes: not less than 0.2 mass % and not more than 1.3 mass % of aluminum; and a balance including copper and an incidental impurity.
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
C22C 9/01 - Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
C22F 1/08 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
B22F 3/24 - After-treatment of workpieces or articles
B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
47.
Metal powder, method of producing additively-manufactured article, and additively-manufactured article
A metal powder for additive manufacturing includes: not less than 0.2 mass % and not more than 1.3 mass % of aluminum; and a balance including copper and an incidental impurity.
B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
C22C 9/01 - Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
C22F 1/08 - Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
B22F 3/24 - After-treatment of workpieces or articles
48.
HARD ROLLED-COPPER FOIL AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SAID HARD ROLLED-COPPER FOIL
[Problem] To provide a hard rolled-copper foil which, when heated and laminated on an insulating resin base material, can exhibit excellent bend-resistance characteristics without increasing a final reduction ratio, which, being not prone to develop rolling marks, can maintain a low surface coarseness and can therefore be preferably used in a flexible printed wiring board having excellent high-speed transmission characteristics, which is not prone to softening at room temperature, and which provides excellent operation efficiency and foil passing property when being processed into a flexible printed wiring board after having been stored. [Solution] Provided is a hard rolled-copper foil in which a crystal orientation density in a copper orientation is not less than 10, and a crystal orientation density in a brass orientation is not less than 20.
B21B 1/40 - Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-sectionSequence of operations in milling trainsLayout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of standsSuccession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling foils which present special problems, e.g. because of thinness
B21B 3/00 - Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences
49.
EVALUATION METHOD OF POWDER FOR LAMINATE MOLDING, AND POWDER FOR LAMINATE MOLDING
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Matsumoto Seiichi
Sugitani Yuji
Abstract
The present invention relates to an evaluation method of a laminate molding powder, for evaluating a laminate molding powder on the basis of stable determination criteria. In this laminate molding powder evaluation method, the fluidity with which a uniform powder layer can be formed in laminate molding is evaluated using the adhesive force of the powder calculated from the fracture envelope obtained by shear testing. Further, the shear testing is performed with a powder rheometer, and the adhesive force is calculated from the relation between vertical stress and shear stress in the powder rheometer. If the adhesive force is less than or equal to 0.450 kPa, then the powder is evaluated as being capable of forming a uniform powder layer in laminate molding. Furthermore, if the 50% particle diameter of the powder, measured with a laser diffraction method, is 3-250 µm and/or the apparent density of the powder is greater than or equal to 3.5 g/cm3, then the powder is evaluated as capable of forming a uniform powder layer in laminate molding.
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Matsumoto Seiichi
Sugitani Yuji
Nishida Motonori
Abstract
The present invention relates to an evaluation method of a laminate molding powder, for evaluating squeezing properties of a laminate molding powder on the basis of stable determination criteria. In this laminate molding powder evaluation method, at least the satellite adhesion ratio of the powder and the apparent density of the powder are used to evaluate the squeezing properties of the powder for laminate molding. If the satellite adhesion ratio, which is the ratio of the number of powder particles adhered as satellites, to the total number of powder particles, is less than or equal to 50% and the apparent density of the powder is greater than or equal to 3.5 g/cm3, then the powder is evaluated as being capable of forming a uniform powder layer in laminate molding. Furthermore, if the 50% particle diameter of the powder, measured with a laser diffraction method, is 3-250 µm, then the powder is evaluated as capable of forming a uniform powder layer in laminate molding.
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Sugitani Yuji
Nishizawa Yoshito
Maruyama Takeshi
Okubo Hiroaki
Abstract
The present invention provides a copper powder for additive manufacturing, wherein tin (Sn) is added so that a high-density additive manufactured product is obtained by means of an additive manufacturing method in which a fiber laser is used as a heat source by appropriately reducing the electrical conductivity of copper. According to the present invention, an additive manufactured product having a high density and high electrical conductivity can be obtained. This copper powder for additive manufacturing is obtained by adding elemental tin to pure copper. The copper powder preferably contains at least 0.5 wt% of elemental tin, and more preferably at least 5.0 wt% of elemental tin. The copper powder contains at most 6.0 wt% of elemental tin when having sufficient electrical conductivity for a copper product. It is preferable that no elements other than elemental tin are added to the copper powder.
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION FOR FUTURE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (Japan)
Inventor
Sugitani Yuji
Nishizawa Yoshito
Maruyama Takeshi
Okubo Hiroaki
Abstract
The present invention can obtain a layer molded product having high density and high electrical conductivity through development of a copper powder for layer molding to which phosphorus (P) is added so as to suitably reduce the electrical conductivity of copper and thereby obtain a high-density layer molded product using a layer molding method in which a fiber laser is used as a heat source. The present invention is a copper powder for layer molding, in which phosphorus element is added to pure copper. The copper powder for layer molding preferably contains 0.01 wt% or more of phosphorus element. In addition, the copper powder for layer molding preferably contains 0.04 wt% or more of phosphorus element. In addition, the copper powder for layer molding preferably contains 0.30 wt% or less of phosphorus element. In addition, the copper powder for layer molding preferably contains 0.24 wt% or less of phosphorus element. In addition, it is preferable for elements other than phosphorus element not to be added to the copper powder for layer molding.
This method for manufacturing a laminated member includes a step for forming a coating layer on a substrate by spraying, onto the substrate and in a non-molten state, a mixture of a plurality of precipitation hardened copper alloy particles and a plurality of hard particles that have a non-spherical shape with an aspect ratio having a median value of at least 1.2, and that are harder than the copper alloy particles.
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 7/04 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
Provided is a laminate comprising a substrate, and a coating layer formed on the substrate. The coating layer includes a copper alloy part derived from a plurality of precipitation-hardening copper alloy particles, and a hard particle part that is derived from a plurality of hard particles and is harder than the copper alloy part, the two parts being bonded to each other via an interface therebetween. The hard particle part has a non-spherical shape. A sliding member has a laminate in a sliding portion. A method for manufacturing a laminate comprises a step for forming a coating layer on a substrate by spraying, onto the substrate, a mixture containing a plurality of precipitation-hardening copper alloy particles and a plurality of hard particles that has a non-spherical shape and is harder than the copper alloy particles, the mixture being sprayed in an unmelted state.
C23C 24/04 - Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 7/04 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
C22C 1/04 - Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
This sliding member comprises a substrate, and a coating layer formed on the substrate. The coating layer has copper alloy parts derived from a plurality of precipitation hardened copper alloy particles, and the copper alloy parts are bonded via an interface. The copper alloy parts include nickel and silicon as additive elements. The nickel content in the copper alloy parts is 2-5 mass%. This sliding member of an internal combustion engine has a sliding member at a sliding site of an internal combustion engine.
[Problem] To provide a conductive paste which has adequate viscosity and high thixotropy and is not susceptible to flowing in the edge of a coating film in cases where a thin conductive coating film is formed therefrom, and which is capable of forming a thin conductive coating film that has good coating film strength, low specific resistance and stable electrical conductivity, while having a uniform film thickness in the edge and flat part of the coating film. [Solution] A conductive paste that is composed of a solvent, a resin and an aggregate of flake-like silver particles, which is in an amount of 100% by weight by mixing 30-60% by weight of a silver particle aggregate A that has an average particle diameter of 4-10 μm, a specific surface area of 1.5-3.0 m2/g, an aspect ratio of 40-150 and an apparent density of 0.4-1.0 g/cm3 and a silver particle aggregate B that has an average particle diameter of 2-5 μm, a specific surface area of 1.0-1.5 m2/g, an aspect ratio of less than 50 and an apparent density of 2.0-3.5 g/cm3. This conductive paste has a solid content of 40-55% by weight, a viscosity of 2.0-6.0 dPa·s and a thixotropic value of 1.5-1.8.
This metal powder is used for producing a multilayer shaped article, and comprises 0.2-1.3 mass% of aluminum, the remaining portion being copper and unavoidable impurities.
Provided is an aggregate of flaked silver particles having high light reflectivity; if dispersed in a resin, said aggregate of flaked silver particles forming a paste having high reflectivity, high gloss, and exceptional electroconductivity upon being uniformly dispersed therein, it being possible for said aggregate to be formed into a paste that has exceptional working efficiency without readily segregating. The aggregate of flaked silver particles has a BET specific surface area of 0.5 to less than 1.5 m２/g, a 50% particle size of 1 to 4 μm as determined by laser diffraction, and a 75% particle diameter/25% particle diameter ratio of 1.8 or less.
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/04 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
H01B 1/00 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors
H01B 1/22 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
H01B 5/00 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
H01B 13/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
In the present invention, a heating resistor (4) of a heater device has a sea-island structure in which a discontinuous resin phase (20) is mixed into a continuous metal phase (10). The metal phase (10) comprises at least an Sn-only phase (11) and an Sn alloy phase (13). The resin phase (20) has a glass transition point at or below the melting point of Sn, and the volume expansion rate of the resin phase (20) when the temperature is the melting point of Sn or higher is greater than that of the metal phase (10). Therefore, when the temperature of the heating resistor (4) itself increases and reaches a temperature close to 232°C, which is the melting point of Sn, then the Sn-only phase (11) melts due to the volume expansion of the resin phase (20). Due to this configuration, it is possible to provide a heater device having a function whereby the heating resistor is self-melting at a relatively low temperature.
H05B 3/12 - Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
60.
Nickel brazing material having excellent corrosion resistance
Provided is a nickel brazing material having a melting temperature of 1000° C. or less and acid corrosion resistance. It includes 15.0 to 30.0 mass % of Cr, 6.0 to 18.0 mass % of Cu, 1.0 to 5.0 mass % of Mo. 5.0 to 7.0 mass % of P, 3.0 to 5.0 mass % of Si, and 0.1 to 1.5 mass % of Sn, the remainder being Ni and inevitable impurities, and the total of Si and P being 9.5 mass % to 11.0 mass %. It can include additional element selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, Mn, C, B, Al, and Ti. The content of Co is 5.0 mass % or less, the content of Fe is 5.0 mass % or less, the content of Mn is 3.0 mass % or less, the total content of C, B, Al, and Ti is 0.5 mass % or less, and the total content of these elements is 10.0 mass % or less.
Provided is a nickel brazing filler metal with which various types of stainless-steel members can be brazed at a comparatively low temperatures, and which is provided with moderate material strength and exceptional corrosion resistance, the nickel brazing filler metal being used for brazing heat exchangers and the like. The present invention has a melting temperature of 1000°C or less, exhibits corrosion resistance with respect to acid, and contains 15.0-30.0 mass% of Cr, 6.0-18.0 mass% of Cu, 1.0-5.0 mass% of Mo, 5.0-7.0 mass% of P, 3.0-5.0 mass% of Si, and 0.1-1.5 mass% of Sn, the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities, and the total of Si and P being 9.5-11.0 mass%. In addition, the present invention may contain one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, Mn, C, B, Al, and Ti; when these elements are included, the Co content is 5.0 mass% or less, the Fe content is 5.0 mass% or less, the Mn content is 3.0 mass% or less, and the total content of C, B, Al, and Ti is 0.5 mass% or less, the total contained amount of said elements being 10.0 mass% or less.
Provided are: a surface-coating material having excellent cracking resistance and peeling resistance and also having excellent high-temperature corrosion resistance properties; and a poppet valve coated with the surface-coating material. A Ni-Cr-Co-based alloy according to the present invention comprises 40.0 to 50.0 mass% of Cr, 10.0 to 20.0 mass% of Co, 0.5 to 5.0 mass% of Nb, 0.01 to 5.0 mass% of Fe and 0.1 to 3.0 mass% of Si, with the remainder being 26.0 to 40.0 mass% of Ni and unavoidable impurities. The Ni-Cr-Co-based alloy may additionally comprise an element or elements respectively selected from Mo, W, Mn, Ti, Al, B and C in the total amount of 5.0 mass% or less, wherein the content of each of Ti and Al is 3.0 mass% or less and the content of each of B and C is 1.0 mass% or less. In the poppet valve according to the present invention, at least the front surface of a head part is coated with the Ni-Cr-Co-based alloy.
Provided is an ultrathin flake-like silver powder which enables an electroconductive material to be applied thinly and uniformly when this powder is used as an electroconductive filler, and for which there is little change in resistance even when a flexible circuit, electroconductive rubber, or the like is deformed. In this silver powder the 50% particle diameter as measured by laser diffraction is 3-8 μm and the average thickness is 20-40 nm. The aforementioned ultrathin flake-like silver powder is provided by means of a manufacturing method having: a step wherein a flake-like silver powder material having a thickness of 60-130 nm is prepared; and a step wherein this flake-like silver powder material is expanded, resulting in an average thickness of 20-40 nm, by using a medium-stirring type wet-grinding device that uses a medium having a diameter of 0.015-0.2 mm.
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/04 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
H01B 5/00 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
H01B 13/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
64.
NI-FE-CR-BASED ALLOY AND ENGINE VALVE COATED WITH SAME
Provided is a surface-hardening alloy which has a good shock resistance, a good wear resistance and a good high-temperature corrosion resistance and contains Fe that can be abundantly supplied and is less expensive. An Ni-Fe-Cr-based alloy characterized by containing 0-20.0 mass% of Mo and 8.0-40.0 mass% of W, a total of 20.0-40.0 mass% of Mo and W, 20.0-50.0 mass% of Fe, 12.0-36.0 mass% of Cr, 1.0-2.5 mass% of B with the balance comprising Ni and unavoidable impurities, and an engine valve coated with the same. The Ni-Fe-Cr-based alloy may further contain not greater than 15.0 mass% in total of element(s) selected from among Co, Mn, Cu, Si and C, wherein it is preferred that the content of Co is not greater than 15.0 mass%, the contents of Mn and Cu are each not greater than 5.0 mass%, the content of Si is not greater than 2.0 mass% and the content of C is not greater than 0.5 mass%.
Provided is a Ni-Cr-based brazing material having excellent wettability/spreadability and corrosion resistance, which can be brazed at a practicable temperature (1150˚C or lower) when used for joining a ferritic stainless steel by brazing, and has a good brazing property, good joint strength and good corrosion resistance against a base material. The brazing material is characterized by comprising, in mass%, 45.0% or less of Fe, 10.0 to 35.0% of Cr, 4.0% or less of Si, 6.5 to 10.8% of P, Si and P in the total amount of 9.0 to 11.8%, 0.3 to 5.0% of Cu, 0.01 to 0.10% of at least one selected from Al, Ca, Y and a misch metal, and a remainder made up by Ni and unavoidable impurities, wherein the total amount of Cr and Fe is 6.5 times or less larger than the content of P. The brazing material may additionally contain, as elements that do not affect the properties of the brazing material, Co and/or Mo in an amount of 15.0% or less, W and/or Mn in an amount of 5.0% or less, and C, B and Ti in the total amount of 0.3% or less, wherein the total amount of Co, Mo, W, Mn, C, B and Ti is 15.0 mass% or less.
FLAKED SILVER POWDER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, ELECTROCONDUCTIVE COMPOSITION, ELECTROCONDUCTIVE SHEET, ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELDING SHEET, AND LAYERED BODY HAVING ELECTROCONDUCTIVE PATTERN
Provided are: a flaked silver powder that exhibits exceptional electroconductivity characteristics as well as exceptional adhesiveness to an adherend, and that makes it possible to reduce costs; a method for manufacturing the flaked silver powder; and an electroconductive composition containing the flaked silver powder. This flaked silver powder has a 50% particle diameter of 3 to 8 μm according to laser diffractometry, and an apparent density of 0.25 to 0.5 g/cm3. The surface resistivity of an electroconductive film having a dry thickness of 15 μm and containing 100 weight parts of the flaked silver powder per 100 weight parts of a polyester resin is equal to or less than 0.4 Ω/sq.
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/04 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
H01B 1/22 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
H01B 5/00 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
H01B 5/02 - Single bars, rods, wires or stripsBus-bars
H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
H01B 13/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
67.
NICKEL-BASED BRAZING FILLER METAL WITH EXCELLENT HEAT RESISTANCE
Provided is a heat-resistant brazing filler metal which is to be used in various kinds of heat exchangers and is suitable for joining stainless steel members or the like, particularly members that are required to be resistant to heat. A nickel-based brazing filler metal with excellent heat resistance, characterized by containing 8.0 to 30.0 mass% of Cr, 7.0 to 13.0 mass% of Si, and 1.0 to 10.0 mass% (in total) of W and/or Mo, with the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities, and further containing, as elements having no influence on the characteristics, at most 15.0 mass% of Fe, at most 5.0 mass% of Mn, at most 5.0 mass% of Cu, and C, B, Al, Ti and Nb each in an amount of 0.5 mass% or less, the sum total of Fe, Mn, Cu, C, B, Al, Ti and Nb being 20.0 mass% or less.
Provided is a surface-hardening material provided with wear resistance and having superior shock resistance. Provided are: a high-toughness cobalt-based alloy containing 25.0-40.0 mass% of Cr, a total of 0.5-12.0 mass% of W and/or Mo, 0.8-5.5 mass% of Si, 0.5-2.5 mass% of B, no greater than 8.0 mass% of each of Fe, Ni, Mn, and Cu, and no greater than 0.3 mass% of C, the sum of Fe, Ni, Mn, Cu, and C being no greater than 10.0 mass%, and the remainder comprising 48.0-68.0% of Co and unavoidable impurities; and an engine valve coated with same.
Provided is a surface-hardening material provided with shock resistance and having superior wear resistance. Provided are: a wear-resistant cobalt-based alloy containing a total of 20.0-30.0 mass% of Mo and/or W, 0.8-2.2 mass% of B, 5.0-18.0 mass% of Cr, a total of no greater than 5.0 mass% of Fe, Ni, Mn, Cu, Si, and C, no greater than 1.0 mass% of Si, and no greater than 0.3 mass% of C, the remainder comprising 55.0-70.0 mass% of Co and unavoidable impurities; and an engine valve coated with same.
Provided is a nickel-based hydrochloric acid corrosion resistant alloy for soldering that is provided with corrosion resistance against hydrochloric acid, and when soldering various types of stainless steel, can be used for soldering at practical temperatures (1150°C or less), and has good bond strength and solderability to the substrate. This hydrochloric acid corrosion resistant alloy contains, in mass percent, 6.0-18.0% Mo, 10.0-25.0% Cr, 0.5-5.0% Si, and 4.5-8.0% P, with the remainder being 40.0-73.0% Ni and unavoidable impurities, and the total of Si and P being 6.5-10.5%. In this case, the alloy may contain 12.0% Cu or less, 20.0% Co or less, 15.0% Fe or less, 8.0% W or less, 5.0% Mn or less, and 0.5% or less of the total of C, B, Al, Ti, and Nb.
Disclosed are: a conductive film having low resistivity, which is obtained through a low temperature treatment in a short time; and a method for producing the conductive film. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing a conductive film, which comprises: a step Sa1 in which a high concentration dispersion of copper-based nanoparticles that are mainly composed of Cu2O is prepared; a step Sa2 in which the high concentration dispersion is applied over a base and dried thereon, thereby obtaining a coating film that is mainly composed of Cu2O; a step Sa3-1 in which the coating film is heated at a temperature of not more than 200°C at atmospheric pressure; and a step Sa3-2 in which the coating film is heated at a temperature of not more than 250°C in a reducing atmosphere.
H01B 13/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
H01B 5/14 - Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/12 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using printing techniques to apply the conductive material
72.
METAL NANOPARTICLES, DISPERSION CONTAINING SAME, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF SAME
For the purpose of producing a large quantity of metal nanoparticles capable of being dispersed stably in a solvent without requiring the addition of any aggregation-inhibiting substance such as a surfactant and at low cost, the metal nanoparticles is produced through the steps mentioned below. A powder of a metal compound is suspended in a solvent. Subsequently, the suspension is heated at a predetermined temperature while passing through an atmosphere of an inert gas, a hydrogen gas or other non-oxidative gas. Specifically, for example, a silver oxide miropowder is used as a raw material powder, and a special-grade γ-butyrolactone reagent is used as the solvent. The solvent in a volume of 5 mL is placed in a 10-mL glass vessel, the raw material powder in an amount of about 40 mg is introduced into the glass vessel, and the resulting mixture is heated at about 135˚C for 15 minutes on a hot plate under deaeration conditions in which the bubbling with a nitrogen gas is carried out at a rate of about 20 mL per minute while agitating the mixture by means of a magnetic stirrer.
B22F 9/00 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/20 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds
B22F 9/30 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with decomposition of metal compounds, e.g. by pyrolysis
B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
The invention provides at a low cost iron-base heat- and corrosion-resistant brazing filler metals which make it possible to braze parts made of a base metal selected from among various stainless steels, particularly ferritic stainless steels, at a practical temperature (of 1120°C or below) and are excellent in the wetting property against the base metal and which can attain excellent resistance to corrosion by sulfuric acid or nitric acid and high strength without coarsening the structure of the base metal. An iron-base heat- and corrosion-resistant brazing filler metal characterized by comprising 30 to75wt% of Fe, at most 35wt%of Ni and 5 to 20wt% of Cr in a total content of Ni and Cr of 15 to 50wt%, and at most 7wt% of Si and 4 to 10wt% of P in a total content of Si and P of 9 to 13wt%, preferably, an iron-base heat- and corrosion-resistant brazing filler metal as described above, characterized by further containing 0.5 to 5wt% of Mo and/or 0.3 to 5wt% of Cu in a total amount of Mo and Cu of 1 to 7wt%.
A process for producing fine metal particles of nano size which are dispersed in an organic solvent without the aid of any surfactant, etc. and for producing the dispersion. The process, which is for producing fine metal particles or a dispersion thereof, comprises the steps of dispersing a metal compound in a non-reducing organic solvent and then irradiating the metal compound in this organic solvent with a laser light while stirring the dispersion. The fine metal particles each has a core/shell structure in which the core is a metal and the shell is a metal oxide.
B22F 9/20 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds
B22F 1/02 - Special treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working, to improve properties; Metallic powders per se, e.g. mixtures of particles of different composition comprising coating of the powder
B22F 9/00 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
14 - Precious metals and their alloys; jewelry; time-keeping instruments
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
[ Conductive paste comprising metal powders, binders and solvents for making a conductive coating layer; exterior and interior paints; dyestuffs for printing material; pigments; printing inks; nonferrous metals in foil and powder form for painting, decoration, printing and art production; precious metal foils for painting, decoration, printing and art production; precious metals in foil and powder form for painters, decorators, printers, and artists; anti-rust greases ] Steel and iron in the form of sheets, plates, foils, powders, and rods; nonferrous metals and nonferrous-base alloys in the form of sheets, plates, foils, powders, and rods; metal powders used in manufacturing; metal materials used exclusively for building or construction, namely, metal door panels, metal ceiling panels, and wall panels of metal; metal fittings, namely, keys hinges, and doorknobs; manually operated metal valves; metal containers for household and industrial use; metal closures, namely, plugs, stopcocks, and stoppers; metal covers, namely lids; metal cargo palettes; artificial fish-gathering reefs of metal; metal flanges; metal keys for locks; metal bits; wire nets; wire ropes, metal tool boxes; metal saving boxes; metal name plates and door plates; metal sculptures made of non-precious metal; metal grave posts and plates for tombstones; metal buckles [ Precious metal alloys; precious metals in the form of sheets, plates, foils, powders, and rods; jewel cases of precious metal; pouches and purses of precious metal; shoe ornaments of precious metal; powder compacts of precious metal; cigarette cases made of precious metal; personal ornaments of precious metal; cuff links of precious metal and not of precious metal ] [ Offset printing, photogravure printing, screen process printing, lithographic printing, and letterpress painting ] [ Testing of properties of metal, alloys, and metal powder; preventing and exterminating verminin the field of agriculture, horticulture and forestry; testing and prevention of environmental pollution; testing and inspection of agriculture, livestock and fishery ]
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
Goods & Services
non-ferrous metal powders and metal foils, namely, foils used to form electrical circuits, metal powders used to form paints for printing purposes, powder metallurgy, powders used to paint electrodes of electronic parts, metal powders used in printing ink and to form compound elements in paints, and metal powders used to hard-face metallic parts used in devices employing ARC plasmas and the like
