Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed herein for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and/or a network. A WTRU may include a processor configured to detect a request to create a service association (SA). The request may indicate a coherent resource and/or indicate policy information associated with creating a coherent resource policy. The WTRU may generate the coherent resource policy based on the coherent resource and the policy information. The WTRU may generate an SA create message. The SA create message may include an indication of the coherent resource and the coherent resource policy. The WTRU may send the SA create message to a network node. The SA create message may indicate a request to create the SA based on the coherent resource and/or the coherent resource policy. The WTRU may receive an SA create response message from the network node.
A method for use in a wireless transmit/receive unit is disclosed. The method may comprise: obtaining a transmission occasion for a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); obtaining at least one conditional transmission occasion for the CSI-RS; and determining whether the CSI-RS is transmitted in the transmission occasion, wherein on a condition that the CSI-RS is not transmitted in the transmission occasion, detecting if the CSI-RS is transmitted in one of the at least one conditional transmission occasion.
Joint denoising and compression of channel state information (CSI) feedback may be performed. An example device may include a processor configured to perform one or more actions. The device may receive configuration information that indicates a latent mode of operation and an encoder model. The device may receive CSI reference signals from a network node. The device may generate an estimated channel matrix based on the CSI reference signals. The device may generate a latent representation of the estimated channel matrix based on the latent mode of operation and the encoder model. The device may send the latent representation of the estimated channel matrix to the network node.
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products directed to data augmentation of radio frequency (RF) data for improved RF fingerprinting are provided. Among the methods is method that may include any of obtaining one or more samples by sampling a radio frequency (RF) signal received at a receiver from a transmitter; determining one or more channel characteristics of a channel between the receiver and the transmitter; and performing RF fingerprinting based at least in part on (i) inputting the samples and the channel characteristics as inputs to a neural network formed using a trained neural network model, and (ii) obtaining a predicted value output from the neural network.
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinationsPosition-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are configured for signaling to activate parameter updates at a picture level. A video decoding device may be configured to receive an indication that is included in a feature picture parameter set (FPPS). The device may determine, based on the indication, whether parameters in the FPPS are to be updated. The device may, based on the determination that the parameters are to be updated, update the parameters regardless of a use of temporal resampling.
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for near-field uplink multiple input multiple output. A wireless transmit-receive unit (WTRU) may determine one or more angles of reception of one or more reference signals (RS) transmitted by a network node in direction of the WTRU. In reply, the WTRU may transmit an indicated subset of sounding reference signals (SRS) in the direction of the network node antenna array using a corresponding set of uplink transmission beams that correspond to a beam separation. The network node may determine if the beam separation that the WTRU used was proper. Hence, the WTRU may receive an indication from the network to change, the beam separation. Based on the beam separation indication, the WTRU may change the uplink transmission beams in order to increase or decrease the beam separation, for a subsequent transmission of a subsequently indicated subset of SRS.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
7.
METHODS, ARCHITECTURES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS FOR COMPUTING AWARE TRAFFIC STEERING SENSOR MOBILITY
Methods, architectures, apparatuses, and systems directed to computing aware traffic steering sensor mobility are described. In an embodiment, a method, implemented in a first network element may include determining that a service may be migrated from a first site to a second site, the service involving processing data from a device having moved from a first point of attachment to a second point of attachment. The method may include sending a first request to a second network element of the second site to establish a traffic session with the first network element, the first request indicating an IP prefix in use by the device to reach the service. The method may include establishing an IP tunnel between the first network element and the second network element, such that traffic received by the first network element and directed to the IP prefix may be sent through the tunnel.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed herein for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and/or a network. A WTRU may include a processor configured to detect a request to create a service association (SA). The request may indicate a coherent resource and/or indicate policy information associated with creating a coherent resource policy. The WTRU may generate the coherent resource policy based on the coherent resource and the policy information. The WTRU may generate an SA create message. The SA create message may include an indication of the coherent resource and the coherent resource policy. The WTRU may send the SA create message to a network node. The SA create message may indicate a request to create the SA based on the coherent resource and/or the coherent resource policy. The WTRU may receive an SA create response message from the network node.
Methods and apparatuses are described herein for multiple AP coordination in wireless local area networks (WLANs). For example, a station (STA) may receive, from a first access points (APs), a probe response frame that includes one or more indicators indicating multiple AP operation capabilities of the first AP and a second AP. The STA may transmit, to at least one of the first AP or the second AP, a multiple AP association request frame that enables the first AP to be associated with the second AP for a multiple AP operation. The STA may receive, from the first AP, a first multiple AP association response frame indicating acceptance or rejection of the multiple AP operation with the first AP. The STA may receive, from the second AP, a second multiple AP association response frame indicating acceptance or rejection of the multiple AP operation with the second AP.
Systems, methods, and devices for unicast and/or multicast link establishment and maintenance. In one or method, a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may send a link establishment request broadcast message, wherein the link may be for multicast, unicast, or groupcast. The WTRU may receive a link establishment response broadcast message and a connectivity report. The WTRU may then send a link establishment confirmation broadcast message once a multicast or unicast link has been established, at which point the WTRU may send and receive a multicast message. The link establishment request message may be sent based on one or more triggers: receiving a QoS flow, needing a new sidelink radio bearer, determining that a new QoS flow or radio bearer requires network controlled admission control, and/or receive a unicast and/or multicast establishment request. The WTRU may transmit a unicast and/or multicast usability signal (UMUS).
Systems and methods are described for encoding, processing, and/or decoding a container file, such as an ISOBMFF container file, that represents haptic data. A method according to some embodiments includes: obtaining a container file that includes a plurality of haptics tracks, the container file including information associating each of a plurality of the haptics tracks with at least one of a respective device, a respective perception, or a respective avatar; obtaining information indicating a selection of at least one device, at least one perception, or at least one avatar; and extracting haptics data in response to the selection, wherein the extracted haptics data excludes at least one of the plurality of haptics tracks that is not associated with any selected device, perception, or avatar.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for the carriage of multiple parameter sets in a media file. A device may include a processor that may be configured to receive a V3C bitstream, the V3C bitstream comprising data associated with a first track and at least a first V3C parameter set and a second V3C parameter set. The device may store the first V3C parameter set in a first SampleEntry instance. The device may store the second V3C parameter set in a second SampleEntry instance. The device may store in a first SampleDescriptionBox associated with the first track, the first SampleEntry instance and the second SampleEntry instance. The device may send the data associated with the first track and the first SampleDescriptionBox.
H04N 19/423 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation characterised by memory arrangements
H04N 19/169 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
13.
METHODS TO DESCRIBE THE HIGH-LEVEL SYNTAX DESIGN OF A BITSTREAM CARRYING DATA CODED USING LEARNING-BASED CODEC FOR POINT CLOUD CONTENT
Some embodiments of a method may include: obtaining an access unit from a point cloud data bitstream; extracting a slice data unit from the access unit, wherein the slice data unit comprises a slice header and a slice payload; determining a slice data unit type for the slice data unit, parsing the slice header based on the slice data unit type; parsing the slice payload based on the slice data unit type; and generating point cloud data using the parsed slice payload.
H04N 19/70 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
H04N 19/119 - Adaptive subdivision aspects e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks
H04N 19/174 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a slice, e.g. a line of blocks or a group of blocks
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
Procedures apply to unequal modulation over spatial streams. A station (STA) may determine, for each of a plurality of spatial streams, an associated modulation order, wherein a first spatial stream has an associated modulation order with a one-dimensional (1D) constellation and a second spatial stream has an associated modulation order with a two-dimensional (2D) constellation. The STA may parse a bit sequence corresponding to an OFDM symbol into the plurality of spatial streams by iteratively allocating, in round robin order for a number of iterations, a respective number of consecutive bits of the OFDM symbol to each of the plurality of spatial streams according to the associated modulation orders and not allocating any bits to the first spatial stream in every second iteration of the round robin order. The STA may transmit the plurality of spatial streams in a plurality of frequency subblocks associated with the plurality of spatial streams.
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
UEs' mobility may have a significant impact on sidelink communications and Uu mobility procedures of UEs participating in SL communication or SL Group Communication. Methods devised to optimize handover procedures, cell reselection procedures, and transition to RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE for UEs with ongoing SL communications. Methods are disclosed herein for PLMN selection for UEs requiring sidelink communication or with active sidelink communication, as well as, methods to provide priority-based resource allocation while using exceptional transmit resource pools. Also, provided are SL group management procedures to deal with impacts of UE mobility.
A method performed by a network entity includes receiving a first instruction element (IE) indicating an identity of a wireless device and receiving a second IE indicating an action to buffer data intended for the wireless device, buffering the data intended for the wireless device, receiving a third IE indicating the identity of the wireless device and receiving a fourth IE indicating an action to stop buffering data and release the buffered data intended for the wireless device. The network entity then may transmit at least a portion of the buffered data to the wireless device.
An access point (AP) is configured to: transmit a first simultaneous transmission and reception (STR) request message to a first station (STA), transmit a second STR request message to a second STA, receive a first STR response message from the first STA based on the transmitted first STR request message, and to receive a second STR response message from the second STA based on the transmitted second STR request message. The second STR response message from the second STA is received after the first STR response message is received from the first STA. The second STR response message comprises an indication that STR transmission is allowed. The AP is configured to transmit a first trigger message, based on the indication that the STR transmission is allowed. The first trigger message indicates a STA role field. The AP is configured to receive interference information from the first STA.
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may comprise a processor configured to receive configuration information that may include an indication of information to be included in an ON/OFF feedback report and a reporting configuration associated with sending of the ON/OFF feedback report. The processor may receive a network discontinuous reception (DRX) feedback message from the network, determine a state and a reward for a reinforcement learning (RL) model of the WTRU based on the received network DRX feedback message, determine an updated ON/OFF pattern using the RL model of the WTRU based on the state and the reward, and send the on/off feedback report to the network based on the reporting configuration being satisfied.
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive network assistance information. The WTRU may determine a downlink channel state information (CSI) based one on more downlink reference signals (RSs). The WTRU may determine a value associated with an uplink/downlink (UL/DL) channel relation based on the network assistance information and measurements performed on the one or more downlink RSs. The WTRU may send a CSI feedback report, wherein the CSI feedback report is based on the measurements performed on the one or more downlink RSs and/or the associated value that quantifies the UL/DL channel relation. The associated value that quantifies UL/DL channel relation indicates a relation between an uplink channel and a downlink channel associated with the one or more downlink RSs. In an example, the processor is configured to determine a CSI compression ratio for the CSI feedback report based on the associated value that quantifies the UL/DL channel relation.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first configuration information indicating a discontinuous reception (DRX) pattern. The WTRU may receive a second configuration information comprising one or more of parameters associated with a DRX feedback report, a reporting condition for transmitting the DRX feedback report, and/or uplink (UL) resource configurations for carrying the DRX feedback report. The WTRU may transmit the DRX feedback report based on the reporting condition. The DRX feedback report may comprise one or more of WTRU battery state information and/or information associated with a calculation of a reward used in a reinforcement learning model (e.g. at the network to determine the DRX pattern).
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for near-field uplink multiple input multiple output. A wireless transmit-receive unit (WTRU) may determine one or more angles of reception of one or more reference signals (RS) transmitted by a network node in direction of the WTRU. In reply, the WTRU may transmit an indicated subset of sounding reference signals (SRS) in the direction of the network node antenna array using a corresponding set of uplink transmission beams that correspond to a beam separation. The network node may determine if the beam separation that the WTRU used was proper. Hence, the WTRU may receive an indication from the network to change, the beam separation. Based on the beam separation indication, the WTRU may change the uplink transmission beams in order to increase or decrease the beam separation, for a subsequent transmission of a subsequently indicated subset of SRS.
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
22.
METHODS FOR SPATIAL BLOCKAGE DETECTION AND PREDICTION
Systems and methods for predictive wireless communication management. In some implementations, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may establish communications with a network node via a first physical communication channel; and determine that a difference between measured characteristics of a reference signal and measured characteristics of a previous reference signal exceeds a reporting threshold. The WTRU may transmit, to the network node responsive to the determination, an identification of the measured characteristics of the reference signal; and may receive, from the network node via the first physical communication channel, an indication of predicted beam failure generated responsive to receipt of the identification of measured characteristics of the reference signal. The WTRU may reconfigure, responsive to receipt of the indication of predicted beam failure, communications with the network node to utilize a second physical communication channel.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
Described herein are systems, methods, and instrumentalities associated with c under near field conditions. Channel station information (CSI) reporting under these conditions may be performed based on partial CSIs associated with respective parts of an antenna array. CSI reference signals (CSI-RSs) for the CSI reporting may be bundled and an indication may be provided to a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) to indicate whether the WTRU is under the near field conditions.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
24.
NEURAL-NETWORK BASED ARCHITECTURE FOR FEATURE REDUCTION AND RESTORATION
An encoding method is disclosed. A plurality of feature tensors is obtained that comprises at least a first feature tensor having a first spatial resolution and a second feature tensor having a second spatial resolution, wherein the second spatial resolution is higher than the first spatial resolution. The plurality of feature tensors is reduced into a two-dimensional frame of feature data. Reducing comprises fusing the plurality of feature tensors into a final latent tensor from the first spatial resolution toward the second spatial resolution and further converting the final latent tensor into the 2D frame of feature data. The 2D frame of feature data is encoded in a bitstream.
H04N 19/33 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability in the spatial domain
H04N 19/172 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
H04N 19/70 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
25.
CHANNEL DYNAMIC RANGE ADJUSTMENT METHOD VIA NON-LINEAR FUNCTION FOR FEATURE TENSOR COMPRESSION IN SPLIT INFERENCE
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for a channel dynamic range adjustment process, e.g., via a non-linear function for feature tensor compression in split inference. In examples, a device for video decoding (e.g., a video decoding device) may obtain a feature tensor associated with a video. The feature tensor may be associated with multiple channels. The device may perform dynamic range adjustment on a channel level and use non-linear models. For example, the device may adjust a channel dynamic range of a first channel that is associated with the feature tensor using a first non-linear model and adjust a channel dynamic range on a second channel that is associated with the feature tensor using a second non-linear model. The device may determine reconstructed features based on the adjusted first channel and the adjusted second channel. The device may decode the video based on the determined reconstructed features.
H04N 19/196 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding being specially adapted for the computation of encoding parameters, e.g. by averaging previously computed encoding parameters
H04N 19/167 - Position within a video image, e.g. region of interest [ROI]
H04N 19/172 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
26.
METHODS, PROCEDURES, AND APPARATUS FOR LOW PEAK-TO-AVERAGE-POWER RATIO (PAPR) PREAMBLE TRANSMISSION FOR DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE UNITS (DRUS)
A STA receives information indicating a distribution bandwidth and a set of distributed resource units (DRUs) from a plurality of DRU allocations for the distribution bandwidth. The STA determines a first DRU long training field (LTF) sequence associated with a first DRU of the set of DRUs. The first DRU LTF includes a first component and a second component which are a first complementary sequence based on a Golay complementary pair (GCP). The STA determines a second DRU LTF sequence associated with a second DRU of the set, including a third component and at least a fourth component, which are a second complementary sequence based on the GCP. The STA transmits, to an AP, a frame including a physical layer (PHY) preamble including the first DRU LTF and the second DRU LTF, which are associated with a third DRU having a size based on the first and the second DRUs.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to non-terrestrial network (NTN)-terrestrial network (TN) connected mode mobility in energy saving networks. A device (e.g., wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)) may perform actions to avoid radio link failures and/or perform connected mode mobility, for example, if cells (e.g., NTN and/or TN) cells are employing energy saving mechanisms. The device may determine and/or wake up suitable cells, for example, if a serving cell is not suitable. The serving cell and a target cell may use different energy saving mechanisms. The device may provide assistance information to a network. The network may wake up suitable cells for the device to monitor and perform mobility.
Procedures apply to unequal modulation over spatial streams. A station (STA) may determine, for each of a plurality of spatial streams, an associated modulation order, wherein a first spatial stream has an associated modulation order with a one-dimensional (1D) constellation and a second spatial stream has an associated modulation order with a two-dimensional (2D) constellation. The STA may parse a bit sequence corresponding to an OFDM symbol into the plurality of spatial streams by iteratively allocating, in round robin order for a number of iterations, a respective number of consecutive bits of the OFDM symbol to each of the plurality of spatial streams according to the associated modulation orders and not allocating any bits to the first spatial stream in every second iteration of the round robin order. The STA may transmit the plurality of spatial streams in a plurality of frequency subblocks associated with the plurality of spatial streams.
Methods and apparatuses for reducing application instantiation delay and downtime are described herein. A method may comprise relocating an application function from a source Edge Data Network (EDN) component to a target EDN component. The method may comprise receiving an indication, and/or determining, based on at least one of a user mobility, resource optimization requirement, key performance indicator (KPI), or a failed relocation attempt, to relocate the application function. The method may further comprise performing a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session establishment procedure toward the target EDN component. The method may further comprise determining, based on one or more received parameters for edge usage and capabilities, to relocate the application function. The method may further comprise sending, to a European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) orchestrator, an indication that the application function will be relocated. The application function may be a User Plane Function (UPF).
Methods and apparatuses are described herein for chained and delayed wake-up. For example, a station (STA) may determine, at the formation of a group of STAs, a common service period for the group. The STA may determine a deferral time for a first STA of the group. The deferral time may indicate when the first STA wakes up to receive a wake-up packet. The STA may receive, from an access point (AP), during a service period in which the STA acts as a head node for communication with the AP, a wake-up packet addressed to the first STA. The STA may transmit, based on a determination that the deferral time associated with the wake-up packet addressed to the first STA ends after the service period in which the STA acts as a head node, a wake-up command that includes the wake-up packet addressed to the first STA.
METHODS, APPARATUS, SYSTEMS, ARCHITECTURES AND INTERFACES FOR CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION REFERENCE SIGNAL FOR NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Methods, apparatus, systems, architectures and interfaces for reference signal (RS) configuration, generation, and/or transmission in a transmitter/receiver. The method includes receiving information indicating any of at least first and second modes of operation for transmitting a discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol including a reference signal (RS), and transmitting the DFT-s-OFDM symbol including: (1) the RS and data tones, on condition that the information indicates the first mode; or (2) the RS and null tones, on condition that the information indicates the second mode, wherein the DFT-s-OFDM symbol is divided into a number of segments, each including a chunk of RS tones, and wherein any of a size or a location of the chunk is determined according to any of the first or second modes.
Some embodiments of a method may include: obtaining a reference 3D Gaussian frame, a camera position C, and a time t; extracting a multi-scale feature for each 3D Gaussian of one or more 3D Gaussians using a neural network block, wherein the multi-scale feature represents multi-scale spatial information about a dynamic object or scene; predicting 3D motion based on the multi-scale features and the time t; predicting a 3D Gaussian frame for time t by manipulating the one or more 3D Gaussians in a spatial domain based on the predicted 3D motion; and outputting the 3D Gaussian frame for time t.
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprises a processor configured to receive preemption configuration information from a network. The processor may be configured to receive a downlink transmission. The processor may be configured to determine, using a trained artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) model, that one or more resources of the downlink transmission were preempted by the network without receiving a preemption indication and based on the preemption configuration information and measurements performed on the downlink transmission. The processor may be configured to send preemption detection information to the network.
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
H04W 24/02 - Arrangements for optimising operational condition
34.
METHODS FOR AI/ML-BASED DRX PATTERN CONFIGURATION FOR WTRU POWER SAVING
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may comprise a processor configured to receive configuration information that may include an indication of information to be included in an ON/OFF feedback report and a reporting configuration associated with sending of the ON/OFF feedback report. The processor may receive a network discontinuous reception (DRX) feedback message from the network, determine a state and a reward for a reinforcement learning (RL) model of the WTRU based on the received network DRX feedback message, determine an updated ON/OFF pattern using the RL model of the WTRU based on the state and the reward, and send the ON/OFF feedback report to the network based on the reporting configuration being satisfied.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein that may be associated with early data transmission in enhanced coverage using diversity slotted aloha in non-terrestrial networks. A device may be configured to receive broadcast configuration information. The broadcast configuration information may include a first condition and a second condition. A first coverage level may be determined based on whether the first condition is satisfied. A random-access configuration associated with the first coverage level may be selected based on the broadcast configuration information and based on whether the second condition is satisfied. Based on a determination that the random-access configuration enables a preamble-less early data transmission (EDT), the WTRU may determine at least at one physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resource allocation parameter. The random-access configuration and the PUSCH at least one resource allocation parameter may be transmitted using the preamble-less EDT.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to non-terrestrial network (NTN)- terrestrial network (TN) connected mode mobility in energy saving networks. A device (e.g., wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)) may perform actions to avoid radio link failures and/or perform connected mode mobility, for example, if cells (e.g., NTN and/or TN) cells are employing energy saving mechanisms. The device may determine and/or wake up suitable cells, for example, if a serving cell is not suitable. The serving cell and a target cell may use different energy saving mechanisms. The device may provide assistance information to a network. The network may wake up suitable cells for the device to monitor and perform mobility.
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive network assistance information. The WTRU may determine a downlink channel state information (CSI) based one on more downlink reference signals (RSs). The WTRU may determine a value associated with an uplink/downlink (UL/DL) channel relation based on the network assistance information and measurements performed on the one or more downlink RSs. The WTRU may send a CSI feedback report, wherein the CSI feedback report is based on the measurements performed on the one or more downlink RSs and/or the associated value that quantifies the UL/DL channel relation. The associated value that quantifies UL/DL channel relation indicates a relation between an uplink channel and a downlink channel associated with the one or more downlink RSs. In an example, the processor is configured to determine a CSI compression ratio for the CSI feedback report based on the associated value that quantifies the UL/DL channel relation.
H04L 1/00 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
G06N 3/00 - Computing arrangements based on biological models
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
39.
METHODS FOR MAC FRAME EXTENSIBILITY AND FRAME SPECIFIC MAC HEADER DESIGN FOR WLAN SYSTEMS
A method and apparatus are provided for processing a Class-3 MAC Data frame. The Class-3 MAC Data frame may include a Type field, a Subtype field, and a Class-3 MAC Data frame-specific MAC subheader that includes a basic service set identifier (BSSID) field, an association identifier (AID) field, and a direction indicator. A station (STA) may determine the intended recipient of the Class-3 MAC Data frame based on the BSSID field, the AID field, and the direction indicator.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein for wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) power saving (e.g., for idle mode). A WTRU may determine a time window associated with one or more paging indicators. The WTRU may monitor for a paging indicator (e.g., a first paging indicator) in the time window. The WTRU may monitor for another paging indicator (e.g., a second paging indicator) in the time window. The WTRU may receive system information blocks (SIBs) if a wake up indication for the WTRU is received in a single paging indication and the paging indicator is the first paging indicator. The WTRU may monitor for a paging PDCCH at a monitoring occasion of a PO in a paging frame if the second paging indicator is received and includes an indication for the WTRU to wake up.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein that may be associated with early data transmission in enhanced coverage using diversity slotted aloha in non-terrestrial networks. A device may be configured to receive broadcast configuration information. The broadcast configuration information may include a first condition and a second condition. A first coverage level may be determined based on whether the first condition is satisfied. A random-access configuration associated with the first coverage level may be selected based on the broadcast configuration information and based on whether the second condition is satisfied. Based on a determination that the random-access configuration enables a preamble-less early data transmission (EDT), the WTRU may determine at least at one physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resource allocation parameter. The random-access configuration and the PUSCH at least one resource allocation parameter may be transmitted using the preamble-less EDT.
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a plurality of downlink signals. The WTRU may receive first configuration information indicating first time and frequency resources for transmission of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK). The WTRU may receive second configuration information indicating second time and frequency resources for transmission of HARQ-ACK. The second configuration information may indicate one or more sequences to be transmitted using the second time and frequency resources. The WTRU may transmit at least one sequence of the one or more sequences using the second time and frequency resources. The at least one sequence of the one or more sequences may be transmitted using the second time and frequency resources to indicate an ACK associated with the plurality of downlink signals.
Disclosed herein are one or more systems, methods, and/or devices for the estimation of the channel state information (CSI) using generative models. In some cases, there may also be simultaneously estimating a compressed representation of the CSI. In some cases, approaches and techniques may reduce the required reference symbols (RS) for the channel estimation process.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities may be configured for supporting relay node assisted positioning. A first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive, from a network node, configuration information indicating a Sounding Reference Signal for positioning (SRSp) configuration. The SRSp configuration may be associated with a second WTRU, a reference Timing Advance (TA) value associated with the first WTRU, a first threshold value, and a second threshold value. The first WTRU may receive, from the second WTRU, a first RSRP measurement. The first WTRU may determine a first TA value associated with the second WTRU, wherein the determination of the first TA value is based on the first RSRP measurement, the reference TA value, and a measurement associated with the network node. The first WTRU may transmit to the second WTRU, the SRSp configuration and the first TA value for the second WTRU.
The present system and method provide mobility enhancements, network energy savings, RRC Re-establishment, and RRC Resume. For example, a WTRU in CONNECTED state configured to perform RRC Resume procedure (e.g., provided with resume identity, next hop chaining count, etc.), upon detecting the fulfilment of triggering conditions, such as RLF. For example, a WTRU configured to perform the Resume procedure if the is a cell within a certain configured group of cells (e.g., alternate/equivalent cells) that satisfies a condition (e.g., signal level above a certain threshold), For example, a WTRU, upon performing RRC Resume procedure while in CONNECTED mode, being provided with parameters for subsequent resume (e.g., new resume identity, next hop chaining count, etc.), and/or candidate cells that can be used for resumption (e.g., new/updated list of alternate/equivalent cells). For example, a WTRU performing the RRC Resume procedure at an alternate/equivalent cell, using small data transmission (SDT) resources.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein for beam failure detection and recovery for layer 1 (L1) mobility. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to receive configuration information and an indication of at least one condition to perform beam failure recovery (BFR) via the a L1/L2 mobility (LTM) candidate cell. The WTRU may detect a serving cell beam failure. Based on the detection of the serving cell beam failure, the WTRU may determine whether at least one condition to perform BFR via the LTM candidate cell is fulfilled. The WTRU may perform BFR via the LTM candidate cell based on the at least one condition being fulfilled.
Methods and apparatus for performing intra prediction in an encoder or a decoder for non-square blocks enable a combination of reference samples from a row above the non-square block and a row to the left of the non-square block to be used for the prediction. In one embodiment, a weighted combination of reference samples are used. In another embodiment, the angles of prediction are extended in the longer direction of the non-square block, such that less angles of prediction are used in the shorter direction.
H04N 19/132 - Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
H04N 19/105 - Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
H04N 19/159 - Prediction type, e.g. intra-frame, inter-frame or bidirectional frame prediction
H04N 19/176 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to lower layer inactive state. A device (e.g., wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)) may transition between states. A WTRU may transition between power saving and/or full power operating states. Latency, signaling, processing, etc. may be reduced for transitioning a WTRU between states. A WTRU may operate using an L1/L2 INACTIVE configuration.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to lower layer inactive state. A device (e.g., wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)) may transition between states. A WTRU may transition between power saving and/or full power operating states. Latency, signaling, processing, etc. may be reduced for transitioning a WTRU between states. A WTRU may operate using an L1/L2 INACTIVE configuration.
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprises a processor configured to receive preemption configuration information from a network. The processor may be configured to receive a downlink transmission. The processor may be configured to determine, using a trained artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) model, that one or more resources of the downlink transmission were preempted by the network without receiving a preemption indication and based on the preemption configuration information and measurements performed on the downlink transmission. The processor may be configured to send preemption detection information to the network.
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H04W 72/1263 - Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
51.
METHODS, PROCEDURES, AND APPARATUS FOR LOW PEAK-TO-AVERAGE-POWER RATIO (PAPR) PREAMBLE TRANSMISSION FOR DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE UNITS (DRUS)
A STA receives information indicating a distribution bandwidth and a set of distributed resource units (DRUs) from a plurality of DRU allocations for the distribution bandwidth. The STA determines a first DRU long training field (LTF) sequence associated with a first DRU of the set of DRUs. The first DRU LTF includes a first component and a second component which are a first complementary sequence based on a Golay complementary pair (GCP). The STA determines a second DRU LTF sequence associated with a second DRU of the set, including a third component and at least a fourth component, which are a second complementary sequence based on the GCP. The STA transmits, to an AP, a frame including a physical layer (PHY) preamble including the first DRU LTF and the second DRU LTF, which are associated with a third DRU having a size based on the first and the second DRUs.
A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising a processor configured to receive configuration information comprising information on one or more artificial intelligence/machine language (AIML) lifecycle management (LCM) stages associated with an AIML model and information on a local LCM stage reporting identification (ID) granularity and a global LCM stage reporting ID granularity for reporting on the one or more AIML LCM stages, transmit feedback for a first AIML LCM stage using the local LCM stage reporting ID granularity, receive an indication to switch to the global LCM stage reporting ID granularity, transmit an LCM stage reporting ID granularity switch confirmation message, and transmit feedback for a second AIML LCM stage using the global LCM stage reporting ID granularity.
A method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for secure policy provisioning includes receiving a network message including new policy information, a first policy message authentication code (MAC) generated by a network (P-MAC-N), and a policy protection counter (PPC). The WTRU generates a second policy MAC using a security key shared with the network, the new policy information, and the PPC, and verifies the integrity of the network message by determining that the P-MAC-N matches the second policy MAC. After the verification, the WTRU updates the previous policy information of the WTRU using the new policy information based on the match of the P-MAC-N and the second policy MAC.
A procedure is provided on how a target WTRU and LMF negotiate for supported WTRU initiated positioning method, and how the target WTRU discovers reference WTRUs for SL positioning and perform proper SL positioning with multiple reference WTRUs. A procedure is provided on how to perform SL positioning between target WTRU and reference WTRUs in coordination with LMF. The proper SL positioning method may be updated when the available number of reference WTRUs change. Each WTRU positioning method needs a different number of reference WTRUs for SL positioning. As the WTRU moves around, there may not be enough reference WTRUs available for SL positioning. A negotiation may be considered between the WTRU and network for a positioning method to be employed. When certain WTRU positioning methods are not possible, the requested positioning method may be updated to one or more other available positioning methods.
Methods and apparatuses for orthogonal radar communication are described herein. A method performed by an Access Point (AP) may include estimating, at a first time instance, a channel frequency response (CFR) for a set of subcarriers; allocating, from the set of subcarriers, based on the estimated CFR, a subset of subcarriers for sensing and a subset of subcarriers for data transmission; and transmitting, to a station (STA), data using the subset of subcarriers for data transmission and information indicating the allocated subset of subcarriers for sensing. The method may further comprise receiving feedback from the STA and allocating, from the set of subcarriers, based on the received feedback, another subset of subcarriers for sensing and another subset of subcarriers for data transmission.
Methods and system may be used for collision detection for orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based random access. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive, from an access point (AP), a first trigger frame triggering random access using OFDMA. The WTRU may transmit, to the AP, in response to the first trigger frame a trigger-based frame including user specific control information in a signal (SIG) field. The WTRU may receive an acknowledgment/negative acknowledgment (ACK/NAK) message indicating that the trigger-based frame was successfully detected at the AP or that the trigger-based frame was not successfully detected at the AP. The WTRU receive, from the AP, a scheduling retransmission frame including rescheduling information for STAs with corrupted UL transmissions. On a condition that the scheduling retransmission frame indicates that a collision of the trigger-based frame was detected, the WTRU may retransmit the trigger-based frame.
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products directed to zero-touch determination of authenticity of transceivers in a network are provided. Among the apparatuses is an apparatus that may be configured to receive a transmission from a transmitter having an attributed identifier; obtain a predicted value output from a trained neural network based on samples of the transmission and learned information corresponding to the identifier input into the trained neural network; determine that the identifier is spoofed or not spoofed based on the predicted value and one or more criteria; and perform an action in connection with the transmission based on the determination. The apparatus may be configured to (i) issue an alert indicating that the transmission is suspicious based on a determination that the identifier is spoofed, or (ii) further process the transmission based on a determination that the identifier is not spoofed.
G06F 21/73 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information by creating or determining hardware identification, e.g. serial numbers
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
58.
VECTOR QUANTIZATION BASED POINT CLOUD / IMAGE COMPRESSION
Some embodiments of a method may include: accessing a first bitstream representing a list of feature descriptors; obtaining a codebook comprising one or more codewords, wherein the one or more codewords comprise a first set of one-hot indexes or vectors; obtaining a probability distribution over the one or more codewords, wherein the probability distribution is learned by a neural network; decoding a second set of one or more one-hot indexes from the first bitstream, wherein each one-hot index of the second set is associated with a feature descriptor in the list of feature descriptors; decoding each feature descriptor based on the codebook and the respective one-hot index of the second set; and reconstructing an approximation of input data based on the decoded feature descriptors
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
Methods and apparatuses for operating in multi-access point (AP) wireless networks are described herein. A method performed by an AP may include transmitting, using a set of resources, a multi-AP ready-to-send (RTS) frame to at least one other AP and a plurality of stations (STAs). The method may include transmitting another frame using a portion of the set of resources. The method may include receiving, using the portion of the set of resources, a clear-to-send (CTS) frame from at least one STA of the plurality of STAs in response to the another frame. The method may include transmitting, using the portion of the set of resources, a data frame to the at least one STA. The multi-AP RTS frame may include resource allocation information for the at least one other AP and the plurality of STAs.
An electronic device including a receiver configured to receive a first Subscriber Identity Module (SIM); a receiver configured to receive a second SIM; and circuitry configured to receive data from the first SIM; and send a request, to a first public land mobile network (PLMN), to register the electronic device to the first PLMN, wherein the request indicates that the electronic device is a multi-SIM device and the request includes multi-SIM assistance information, and wherein the multi-SIM assistance information informs the first PLMN of the electronic device's preference for multi-SIM operations.
Enhancements to a Non-Access Stratum (NAS) Protocol may be provided, for example, to transmit user data over a signaling plane. A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may send a first NAS message to a network device that may include a request to send user data via a control plane. The network device may establish the control plane for the WTRU. The control plane may be established without establishing a user plane connection. The network device may determine a maximum transmission rate for the WTRU to send user data via the control plane. The network device may send a second NAS message to the WTRU. The second NAS message may indicate that the control plane has been established for the WTRU and the maximum transmission rate.
Disclosed is a method for managing the context of an AIoT device at an AMF. The process starts when the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) receives an inventory request from an Application Function (AF), identifying the AIoT device and providing context preservation instructions. The AMF retrieves the device's subscription information and informs the AIoT device that it is the serving node. The AMF then creates and stores the device's context information to manage its connectivity within the network. To handle the inventory request, the AMF sends a request to the AIoT device via a base station and receives a response, which is forwarded to the AF. After responding to the AF, the AMF decides if the device's context should be deleted. If so, the AMF may send a de-registration notification to the AIoT device and/or AF, terminating the device's connection to the network.
A first WTRU-to-WTRU relay WTRU (relay WTRU) may receive, from a second relay WTRU, a direct connection request message. The first relay WTRU may send, to the second relay WTRU, a direct security mode command message. The first relay WTRU may receive, from the second relay WTRU, a direct security mode complete message including (i) a first MAC address of a source-end WTRU, and/or (ii) a first MAC address of the second relay WTRU. The first relay WTRU may send, to the second relay WTRU, a PC5-S request message indicating the first MAC address of the source-end WTRU and/or the first MAC address of the second WTRU-to-WTRU relay WTRU conflicts with another MAC address. The first relay WTRU may receive, from the second relay WTRU, a PC5-S response message including (i) a second MAC address of the source-end WTRU, and/or (ii) a second MAC address of the second relay WTRU.
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for reporting of measurements. A wireless transmit-receive unit (WTRU) may initiate a multi-access packet data unit (MA PDU) session establishment request, incorporating energy-aware access traffic steering, switching and splitting (ATSSS) capabilities and an indication of preferred energy-based user plane optimization. The session management function (SMF) receives the request and sends a session management (SM) policy association create to the policy control function (PCF). The PCF obtains an energy estimate report for traffic flows and QoS flows, for both access legs of the MA PDU session, uses the report to generate policy and charging control (PCC) rules, and sends these rules to the SMF, which derives ATSSS rules for the WTRU and N4 rules for the user plane function (UPF), that include energy aware traffic steering policies.
A first wireless receive and transmit unit (WTRU) may send, to a network, WTRU tracking and reachability (TR) information. The WTRU TR information may comprise WTRU tracking capabilities or WTRU tracking information. The WTRU tracking capabilities may include at least one of: self-tracking capability, capability of tracking from an alternate source, including the identification of the alternate source, or capability to track a second WTRU, including the identification of the second WTRU. The first WTRU may receive, from the network, WTRU TR configuration. The WTRU TR configuration may include identification of an alternate source of WTRU tracking information and a condition to trigger the WTRU to provide tracking information to the alternate source of WTRU tracking information. Upon determining that the condition is met, the WTRU may send, to the alternate source, WTRU tracking information.
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products using wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) configured for receiving, from a second network node, a first request to obtain energy cost information associated with one or more data network access identifiers (DNAIs); sending, to a third network node, based on the first request, a second request to obtain the energy cost information associated with the one or more DNAIs; receiving, from the third network node, a response message comprising first information indicating energy cost associated with the one or more DNAIs; determining, based on the first information, a list of DNAIs from the one or more DNAIs; and sending, to the second network node, second information indicating the list of DNAIs.
A vertical federated learning (VFL) server may send a discovery request to a network repository function (NRF). The VFL server may send a discovery request to a network repository function (NRF). The discovery request may comprise a VFL configuration identifier (ID). The VFL configuration ID may be supported by the VFL server. The discovery request may indicate that the VFL server is configured to discover one or more VFL clients. The one or more VFL clients may support the VFL configuration ID. The VFL server may receive a discovery response. The discovery response may comprise a list of one or more VFL clients that support the VFL configuration ID. The WTRU may select one or more VFL clients from the list of VFL clients. The WTRU may perform sample alignment on the selected one or more VFL clients.
Methods and apparatus for protecting user privacy while bootstrapping an application function (AF) key from primary authentication are provided herein. In an example, a WTRU derives a KAKMA key for authentication and key management for applications (AKMA). Also, the WTRU derives a KAF key for an AF and a KAF key identity (ID) identifying the KAF key. Further, the KAF key and a KAF key ID are derived based on a freshness parameter, the KAKMA key, an AF ID identifying the AF, and a WTRU ID identifying the WTRU. The WTRU then transmits, to a network node, the freshness parameter, the AF ID and the WTRU ID. Also, the WTRU transmits to the AF, the KAF key ID. Moreover, the WTRU performs mutual authentication with the AF using the KAF key. In an example, the WTRU may also receive a key establishment confirmation, from the AF, for the KAF key.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to providing information about multi-modal services to a radio access network (RAN). In examples, a first network node may receive information associated with an application layer session and a multi-modal service identifier (MMSID) that may be associated with the application layer session. The first network node may generate a policy and charging control (PCC) rule for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) using the received information. The MMSID may be used to generate an association ID. The PCC rule may be sent to a second network node. The PCC rule may include the association ID.
Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and instrumentalities associated with estimating and reporting an available data rate (ADR). A network device network device associated with a wireless communication network may determine an ADR associated with a data flow and a time period during which the ADR can be accommodated by the wireless communication network. The ADR may indicate a data rate capability of the wireless communication network with respect to the data flow, and the network device may determine, based at least on the ADR and the time period, whether to report the ADR to at least one other device. If the determination is to report the ADR, the network device may generate and transmit a report to the at least one other device, wherein the report may indicate at least one of the ADR or the time period.
This disclosure relates to methods, architectures, apparatuses, and systems for USIM association in a WTRU with DualSteer capabilities. The WTRU may physically include two (or more) separate user equipments (UEs) in one physical device, or it may logically couple at least two separate UEs into a logical device. A trigger condition prompts the WTRU to cause the wireless network to register each UE using association information that connects the respective UEs to each other and to the WTRU. The wireless network authorizes the WTRU to perform DualSteer functions using each of the UEs for a duration of time during which the association is valid. The WTRU performs DualSteer functions until the time duration lapses or there is a trigger to disassociate the UEs. These DualSteer functions include at least switching, steering, splitting, or duplicating communications between the WTRU and the wireless network.
Methods and systems are provided for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). A WTRU receives, from a primary network, information indicating a plurality of secondary networks and a network selection policy, wherein the network selection policy comprises one or more trigger conditions for connecting to a secondary network and one or more criteria for selecting a secondary network from the plurality of secondary networks. The WTRU establishes a first PDU session with the primary network. The WTRU detects a trigger condition from the one or more trigger conditions and in response to detecting the trigger condition, the WTRU selects a secondary network based on the one or more criteria. The WTRU performs a registration procedure on the selected secondary network and establish a concurrent second PDU session with the selected secondary network.
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for providing a sensing service in an integrated sensing and communication network are disclosed. Sensing entities in the network are assigned to one or more groups. A first group of sensing entities provides a set of sensing measurements, and a sensing result is determined from those measurements. The quality of the sensing result is compared to a required quality of the sensing service. If the sensing result falls below the required quality of service, a second set of entities is activated to provide a second set of measurements. An updated sensing result is determined based on the first and second set of sensing measurements. The efficiency of the sensing service is improved owing to the second group of sensing entities only being activated when the first set of sensing entities fail to provide the required quality of sensing service.
In an embodiment, a method implemented in a WTRU comprises receiving a first message comprising first information indicating a configuration of a set of precoders, a set of correction factors, association between each precoder of the set of precoders with at least one correction factor from the set of correction factors, and at least one RS; receiving at least one reference signal; determining a first precoder based on at least one measurement on the at least one RS; determining a subset of correction factors associated with the first precoder; determining a correction factor from the subset of correction factors; determining a second precoder based on the first precoder and the determined correction factor; and transmitting a second message comprising second information indicating the second precoder.
For a wireless transmit-receive unit (WTRU) moving between near field and far field (NF/FF) regions of a cell, the planar wave approximation used in the FF region may not be adapted to the NF region. Therefore, the WTRU may determine a transmission precoder type of a set of transmission precoder types, and at least one downlink (DL) reference signal (RS). The WTRU may perform one or more measurements based on the DL RS. The WTRU may determine a transmission precoder type from the set of transmission precoder types based on the one or more measurements meeting the associated conditions. The WTRU may transmit a report to the network, the report comprising an indication of the determined transmission precoder type, to be used by the network for DL transmissions to the WTRU, for improved reception of these transmissions by the WTRU in the region where the WTRU is located.
Methods and devices are disclosed for a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU). The WTRU is configured with information including a downlink (DL) burst format table defining a plurality of DL burst formats. A DL burst format includes a time domain resource allocation (TDRA) of one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs), one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resources and/or channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources associated with the DL burst format. The WTRU may receive downlink control information (DCI) with a field indicating a select DL burst format from the DL burst format table that defines time domain positions of all signals associated with the select DL burst to the WTRU. The WTRU may then transmit SRS(s) and receive CSI-RS(s), if any, and one or more PDSCHs using the TDRA associated with the indicated select DL burst format. Additional embodiments are disclosed.
H04W 72/232 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal the control data signalling from the physical layer, e.g. DCI signalling
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H04W 72/0446 - Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
H04W 72/0453 - Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
77.
METHODS, ARCHITECTURES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS FOR ENABLING TERMINAL MOBILITY IN SINGLE DOMAIN RELIABLE AND AVAILABLE NETWORKS
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products enabling, supporting and/or improving terminal mobility in reliable and available wireless (RAW) networks are described. One method may include receiving, by a target RAW network node, a message to initiate a RAW handover of a WTRU from a current RAW network node that the WTRU is attached to. The message may include information including at least one of: an ID of the WTRU, an ID of the current RAW network node the WTRU is attached to, an ID of a RAW domain that the current RAW network node belongs to, and/or a description of QoS parameters required by a flow between the WTRU and an external node. The method may include determining, based at least on the information provided in the message, tracks and subtracks for supporting a QoS of the flow between the WTRU and the external node, and sending, to the current RAW network node, an acknowledgement message with an ID of the WTRU and/or description of the QoS parameters that can be granted to the flow.
A vertical federated learning (VFL) server may send a discovery request to a network repository function (NRF). The VFL server may send a discovery request to a network repository function (NRF). The discovery request may comprise a VFL configuration identifier (ID). The VFL configuration ID may be supported by the VFL server. The discovery request may indicate that the VFL server is configured to discover one or more VFL clients. The one or more VFL clients may support the VFL configuration ID. The VFL server may receive a discovery response. The discovery response may comprise a list of one or more VFL clients that support the VFL configuration ID. The WTRU may select one or more VFL clients from the list of VFL clients. The WTRU may perform sample alignment on the selected one or more VFL clients.
H04L 41/16 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using machine learning or artificial intelligence
79.
APPLICATION LAYER SUPPORT FOR NO-TRANSMIT ZONE ENFORCEMENT
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities for application layer support for non-transmit zone (NTZ) enforcement. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may comprise a processor that may be configured to perform a number of actions. A non-transmit zone (NTZ) configuration information may be determined. It may be determined that the WTRU is approaching an NTZ area. A first notification message may be sent to a network node. The first notification message may indicate that the WTRU is approaching the NTZ area and may indicate a first time associated with entering the NTZ area. An NTZ enforcement may be applied based on the NTZ configuration information upon entering the NTZ area. A second time associated with the WTRU leaving the NTZ area may be determined. A second notification message may be sent to the network node, which may indicate a second time associated with leaving the NTZ area.
H04W 4/02 - Services making use of location information
H04W 52/28 - TPC being performed according to specific parameters using user profile, e.g. mobile speed, priority or network state, e.g. standby, idle or non-transmission
H04W 52/42 - TPC being performed in particular situations in systems with time, space, frequency or polarisation diversity
80.
METHODS, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS RELATED TO ENABLING CSI-BASED NEAR FIELD SPOT BEAMS
In an embodiment, a method implemented in a WTRU comprises receiving a first message comprising first information indicating a configuration of a set of precoders, a set of correction factors, association between each precoder of the set of precoders with at least one correction factor from the set of correction factors, and at least one RS; receiving at least one reference signal; determining a first precoder based on at least one measurement on the at least one RS; determining a subset of correction factors associated with the first precoder; determining a correction factor from the subset of correction factors; determining a second precoder based on the first precoder and the determined correction factor; and transmitting a second message comprising second information indicating the second precoder.
H04B 7/0456 - Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices for antenna weighting
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
81.
METHODS, ARCHITECTURES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS FOR PRECODER REPORTING
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for reporting of precoders, in particular hybrid precoders for near-field and far-field operation. A wireless transmit/receive unit measures one or more downlink, DL, reference signals, RSs, to obtain a measurement result, determines, based on the measurement result, at least a first set of vectors, determines, based on the measurement result, at least a second set of vectors having complex valued elements, across which phase progression is non-linear, determines precoder information comprising at least the first set of vectors and the second set of vectors, and transmits, to a transmission reception point, information indicating the precoder information.
H04B 7/0456 - Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices for antenna weighting
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
82.
METHODS, ARCHITECTURES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS FOR ENHANCEMENT OF APPLICATION FUNCTION (AF) TRAFFIC INFLUENCE USING ENERGY RELATED INFORMATION
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products using wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) configured for receiving, from a second network node, a first request to obtain energy cost information associated with one or more data network access identifiers (DNAIs); sending, to a third network node, based on the first request, a second request to obtain the energy cost information associated with the one or more DNAIs; receiving, from the third network node, a response message comprising first information indicating energy cost associated with the one or more DNAIs; determining, based on the first information, a list of DNAIs from the one or more DNAIs; and sending, to the second network node, second information indicating the list of DNAIs.
H04L 41/0833 - Configuration setting characterised by the purposes of a change of settings, e.g. optimising configuration for enhancing reliability for reduction of network energy consumption
H04L 41/147 - Network analysis or design for predicting network behaviour
H04L 41/40 - Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities
H04L 41/0826 - Configuration setting characterised by the purposes of a change of settings, e.g. optimising configuration for enhancing reliability for reduction of network costs
H04L 41/0853 - Retrieval of network configurationTracking network configuration history by actively collecting configuration information or by backing up configuration information
83.
PROVIDING INFORMATION ABOUT MULTI-MODAL SERVICES TO A RAN
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein related to providing information about multi-modal services to a radio access network (RAN). In examples, a first network node may receive information associated with an application layer session and a multi-modal service identifier (MMSID) that may be associated with the application layer session. The first network node may generate a policy and charging control (PCC) rule for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) using the received information. The MMSID may be used to generate an association ID. The PCC rule may be sent to a second network node. The PCC rule may include the association ID.
Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and instrumentalities associated with estimating and reporting an available data rate (ADR). A network device network device associated with a wireless communication network may determine an ADR associated with a data flow and a time period during which the ADR can be accommodated by the wireless communication network. The ADR may indicate a data rate capability of the wireless communication network with respect to the data flow, and the network device may determine, based at least on the ADR and the time period, whether to report the ADR to at least one other device. If the determination is to report the ADR, the network device may generate and transmit a report to the at least one other device, wherein the report may indicate at least one of the ADR or the time period.
Methods and systems are provided for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). A WTRU receives, from a primary network, information indicating a plurality of secondary networks and a network selection policy, wherein the network selection policy comprises one or more trigger conditions for connecting to a secondary network and one or more criteria for selecting a secondary network from the plurality of secondary networks. The WTRU establishes a first PDU session with the primary network. The WTRU detects a trigger condition from the one or more trigger conditions and in response to detecting the trigger condition, the WTRU selects a secondary network based on the one or more criteria. The WTRU performs a registration procedure on the selected secondary network and establish a concurrent second PDU session with the selected secondary network.
This disclosure relates to methods, architectures, apparatuses, and systems for USIM association in a WTRU with dual steering capabilities. The WTRU may physically include two (or more) separate user equipments (UEs) in one physical device, or it may logically couple at least two separate UEs into a logical device. A trigger condition prompts the WTRU to cause the wireless network to register each UE using association information that connects the respective UEs to each other and to the WTRU. The wireless network authorizes the WTRU to perform dual steering functions using each of the UEs for a duration of time during which the association is valid. The WTRU performs dual steering functions until the time duration lapses or there is a trigger to disassociate the UEs. These dual steering functions include at least switching, steering, splitting, or duplicating communications between the WTRU and the wireless network.
The disclosure pertains to a method implemented in a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) for multiple Transmission and Reception Points (TRPs) Power Headroom Reports (PHRs). The method includes sending capability information indicating that the WTRU is configured to support simultaneous multi-panel (SMP) transmission. The method additionally includes determining that a power headroom report (PHR) has been triggered, and receiving downlink control information (DCI) comprising uplink grant information, the DCI indicating a multi-panel mode of operation. The method further includes determining one or more PH values for the PHR, wherein the one or more PH values are determined based on at least the multi-panel mode of operation indicated in the DCI and whether the PHR was triggered based on an SMP PL determination. The method also includes sending the PHR comprising the one or more PH values.
H04W 52/36 - Transmission power control [TPC] using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
H04W 72/232 - Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal the control data signalling from the physical layer, e.g. DCI signalling
88.
METHODS, ARCHITECTURES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS FOR NON 3GPP DATA PLANE CONFIGURATION BASED ON ENERGY RELATED INFORMATION
A method, implemented in a WTRU is described herein. The method may include (i) receiving energy information associated with a plurality of gateways, (ii) selecting a first gateway from the plurality of gateways based on the energy information, (iii) connecting to the first gateway, (iv) sending a first request message for establishing a first connection, the first request message being associated with the first gateway, (v) receiving a response message indicating that a second gateway may be to be selected by the WTRU from the plurality of gateways, the response message indicating one or more gateways of the plurality of gateways to not be used for selecting the second gateway, (vi) selecting the second gateway based on the response message and the energy information, (vii) connecting to the second gateway and (viii) sending a second request message for establishing a second connection.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities for application layer support for no-transmit zone (NTZ) enforcement. An example a network node may be used for supporting NTZ enforcement. The network node may determine a cell in which NTZ enforcement applies, and coordinates of an NTZ area, wherein the cell is associated with the NTZ area. The network node may determine an NTZ policy, where in the NTZ policy is associated with the NTZ area. The network node may send, to a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), NTZ configuration information that indicates the cell in which NTZ enforcement applies, the coordinates of the NTZ area, a transition area, the NTZ area, and one or more parameters associated with the NTZ enforcement. The network node may receive, from the WTRU, a notification that indicates that the WTRU is out of the NTZ area.
H04W 48/04 - Access restriction performed under specific conditions based on user or terminal location or mobility data, e.g. moving direction or speed
H04W 52/28 - TPC being performed according to specific parameters using user profile, e.g. mobile speed, priority or network state, e.g. standby, idle or non-transmission
Methods and apparatuses are described herein for paging retransmission. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive, from a network node, a message comprising device information and paging configuration information. The paging configuration information may include paging retransmission instructions. The paging retransmission instructions may comprise a first instruction indicative of retransmission not required, a second instruction indicative of retransmission required, and a third instruction indicative of conditional retransmission required. The WTRU transmit, based on the device information, to a group of devices, a first paging message. Based on receiving one or more paging responses or receiving no responses, the WTRU may transmit, based on the paging retransmission instructions, a second paging message with an indication of paging retransmission.
A WTRU Reader assists AIoT devices by collecting AIoT device responses that are triggered by a BS Reader and forwards the AIoT device responses to the BS Reader. The BS reader collects capability information from WTRU Readers. The WTRU Reader is configured by the BS Reader with the information needed to perform AIoT device assistance, including time slot information. When the BS Reader triggers an AIoT device, the WTRU Reader monitors for AIoT responses, and forwards received response to the BS Reader.
Disclosed herein are solutions to remediate a distributed denial of service attack. In an example, a wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU) transmits, to a network, a first attach request message including an store and forward (S&F) mode parameter. The WTRU receives, from the network, information indicating a puzzle and one or more parameters of the puzzle. Further, the WTRU generates evidence based on solving the puzzle. Moreover, the WTRU transmits, to the network, a second attach request message including the evidence. In an example, the WTRU receives, from the network, an attach reject message responsive to the S&F mode parameter. Additionally or alternatively, the WTRU receives, from the network, the S&F mode parameter. Additionally or alternatively, the network is a non-terrestrial network (NTN). Additionally or alternatively, the network includes a satellite. Additionally or alternatively, the includes a mobility management entity (MME) non-terrestrial (NT).
A wireless network tracks a target object using multiple sensing entities. Upon receiving a sensing service request and path information, the network identifies relevant entities and assigns them to specific groups, each associated with distinct sensing service areas. The entities are configured for sensing operations and activated based on a location of the target object. Entities in a first sensing service area are activated to collect measurements, which are then used to determine a sensing result. As the target moves to a different sensing service area, the corresponding group of entities is activated to continue tracking. The process includes updating a state of the entities and configuring them with assistance information. The entities can be wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) or base stations. Methods for tracking a target object using sensing entities in different service areas, and activating operations based on detected movements and results are also provided.
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for reporting of precoders, in particular hybrid precoders for near-field and far-field operation. A wireless transmit/receive unit measures one or more downlink, DL, reference signals, RSs, to obtain a measurement result, determines, based on the measurement result, at least a first set of vectors, determines, based on the measurement result, at least a second set of vectors having complex valued elements, across which phase progression is non-linear, determines precoder information comprising at least the first set of vectors and the second set of vectors, and transmits, to a transmission reception point, information indicating the precoder information.
Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products directed to artificial intelligence-specific idle/inactive/connected mode measurements procedure. In an embodiment, a method implemented by a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) includes receiving, from a network component, a first message comprising aggregation related information; registering with the network component, indicating capability/availability on multiple WTRUs aggregation; receiving, from the network component a second message comprising registration accept information for aggregation; and establishing sidelink communication with the multiple WTRUs.
Systems, methods, and instrumentalities may be provided for determining whether to bypass bi-directional optical flow (BDOF) if BDOF is used in combination with bi-prediction with coding unit (CU) weights (e.g., generalized bi-prediction (GBi)). A coding system may combine coding modes, coding techniques, and/or coding tools. The coding system may include a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). For example, the coding system may combine BDOF and bi-prediction with CU weights (BCW). BDOF may include refining a motion vector associated with a current CU based at least in part on gradients associated with a location in the current CU. The coding system may determine that BDOF is enabled, and/or that bi-prediction with CU weights is enabled for the current CU. The coding system's determination that bi-prediction with CU weights is enabled and/or that BDOF is enabled may be based on one or more indications.
Methods and apparatuses are described herein for paging retransmission. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive, from a network node, a message comprising device information and paging configuration information. The paging configuration information may include paging retransmission instructions. The paging retransmission instructions may comprise a first instruction indicative of retransmission not required, a second instruction indicative of retransmission required, and a third instruction indicative of conditional retransmission required. The WTRU transmit, based on the device information, to a group of devices, a first paging message. Based on receiving one or more paging responses or receiving no responses, the WTRU may transmit, based on the paging retransmission instructions, a second paging message with an indication of paging retransmission.
Disclosed herein are solutions to remediate a distributed denial of service attack. In an example, a wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU) transmits, to a network, a first attach request message including an store and forward (S&F) mode parameter. The WTRU receives, from the network, information indicating a puzzle and one or more parameters of the puzzle. Further, the WTRU generates evidence based on solving the puzzle. Moreover, the WTRU transmits, to the network, a second attach request message including the evidence. In an example, the WTRU receives, from the network, an attach reject message responsive to the S&F mode parameter. Additionally or alternatively, the WTRU receives, from the network, the S&F mode parameter. Additionally or alternatively, the network is a non-terrestrial network (NTN). Additionally or alternatively, the network includes a satellite. Additionally or alternatively, the includes a mobility management entity (MME) non-terrestrial (NT).
A WTRU Reader assists AIoT devices by collecting AIoT device responses that are triggered by a BS Reader and forwards the AIoT device responses to the BS Reader. The BS reader collects capability information from WTRU Readers. The WTRU Reader is configured by the BS Reader with the information needed to perform AIoT device assistance, including time slot information. When the BS Reader triggers an AIoT device, the WTRU Reader monitors for AIoT responses, and forwards received response to the BS Reader.
A wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU) may be provisioned with a shared key and a WTRU identity for the WTRU. The WTRU may receive, from a network equipment on board the satellite, broadcasted parameters of a puzzle. The WTRU may generate evidence based on solving the puzzle and injecting the shared secret key into the evidence. The WTRU may send, to the network equipment on board the satellite, a registration request message. The registration request message may include the generated evidence and the WTRU identity. The WTRU may receive, from the network equipment on board the satellite, a registration accept responsive to the registration request.
