The present invention provides a coax cable network based broadband access system with distributed deployment and centralized control. The system comprises a plurality of system modem terminal ends and bridge head end. The system realizes end- to-end control management and QoS priority assurance of broadband data service, but also provides streamlined network deployment at low cost and high management efficiency. The System comprises a maximum capacity head-end and varying capacity (thus complexity and cost) CPEs. Scheduling users across increased bandwidth channels eliminates waste caused by the integration of various types of user modem devices onto the increased bandwidth channel. A method for transmitting and receiving data in a two- way broadband access network communication channel comprising binning data packets in a 128 Mega Hertz (MHz) channel, and scheduling packet exchange with connected network devices back and forth across the bins in a 128 MHz channel is detailed, where CPEs with different capacity are supported.
Systems and methods for providing rapid admission to a network, for new nodes and nodes coming out of a reduced power mode. Nodes can begin accessing the data plane of the network prior to establishing active PHY profiles for all links in the network. The Network Coordinator can relay data between a newly admitted node and an existing node where there is no active PHY profile for the link between the newly admitted node and the existing node.
A low noise block can include a downconverter comprising an oscillator and a mixer, the downconverter configured to downconvert the predetermined frequency bands to intermediate frequency bands, wherein one of the intermediate frequency bands is above Nyquist zone 1; and an analog-to-digital converter having a first input coupled to an output of the downconverter and a second input coupled to receive a sampling signal at a sampling frequency, wherein a frequency of the signal provided to the mixer used to downconvert is selected such that upon conversion to digital symbols by the analog-to-digital converter, aliasing due to the conversion does not cause the one of the intermediate frequency bands above Nyquist zone 1 to fold onto the other intermediate frequency bands.
Systems and methods for providing efficient power transfer between a source (610, 604) and a load (612). An impedance imbalance is used to reduce the power dissipated in the source (610, 604) with respect to the power dissipated in the load (612). An impedance transformer (622) is used to mitigate the effects of the impedance imbalance. The impedance transformer has one port matched to the impedance of the load (612) and the other port has an impedance that is between the impedance of the load (612) and the impedance of the source (610, 604). The electrical length of the connection from the source (612) to the impedance transformer (622) is short to reduce distortion.
A communication device includes a baseband processing module; and a digital-to-analog converter having an input coupled to the baseband processing module and including a plurality of current sources; a plurality of first switches, and a second switch comprising an output coupled to each of the inputs of the plurality of current sources, a first input coupled to a first voltage supply at a first voltage level, a second input coupled to a second voltage supply at a second voltage level, and a third input coupled to receive a control signal, wherein the first voltage level is higher than the second voltage level; wherein in response to the control signal, the second switch selects one of the first and second inputs to select a voltage supply for digital-to-analog conversion of a signal based on a signal level of the signal being converted.
Systems and methods are provided for adjusting a bias current, a bias voltage, or both for a receiver's ADC based on a determination of the envelope of an input analog signal. In one implementation, a receiver includes an envelope detection and bias control module configured to receive an analog signal as an input; and an ADC including an amplifier with a first input coupled to the received analog signal, and a second input coupled to an output of the envelope detection bias control module. The envelope detection and bias control module detects an envelope of the received analog signal and based on the detected envelope dynamically outputs a bias signal that biases the amplifier.
Systems and methods are provided for applying a pulsed bias for a short time to a receiver's ADC. The bias may be controlled by pulse amplitude, pulse width, or both. In one implementation, a receiver includes a pulsed bias control module for generating a pulsed bias signal; and an ADC including an amplifier coupled to an input analog signal and the pulsed bias signal. In one implementation, the receiver converts the input analog signal to a digital signal by: receiving the input analog signal at a first input of the amplifier; and sampling the input analog signal by generating the pulsed bias signal at a second input of the amplifier, and at approximately the same time as generating the pulsed bias signal applying a sampling pulse to a sampling switch coupled to an output of the amplifier.
A node for transmitting digital data over a network receives a plurality of packet data units and identifies at least two of the packet data units that have the same aggregation identifier. The aggregation identifier is assigned according to channel conditions between the transmitting and the receiving node. The transmitting node then forms an aggregate packet from the packet data units that have the same aggregation identifier and transmits the aggregate packet to a common destination node or nodes.
Systems and methods are provided for achieving the benefits of a frequency division duplex (FDD) system as well as that of a time division duplex (TDD) system. For example, switching between two diplexers associated with providing two fixed upstream (US) to downstream (DS) bandwidth ratios can achieve the effects of a variable diplexer by varying the amount of time spent transmitting and receiving data in accordance with the two fixed US to DS bandwidth ratios. As another example, a single fixed bandwidth diplexer can be used to achieve the effects of a variable diplexer by using the respective frequency segments assigned to US and DS traffic for both US and DS traffic.
Systems and methods for reducing interference caused by leakage of signals generated by a spread spectrum phase lock loop (SS PLL). The system and method uses a sinusoidal spreading signal to spread the output of a SS PLL. A notch filter tracks the frequency of the output of the SS PLL to steer the notch in the filter to the instantaneous frequency output from the SS PLL, thus allowing the notch filter to be placed in the path of signals that have unwanted leakage from the SS PLL.
H04L 7/033 - Speed or phase control by the received code signals, the signals containing no special synchronisation information using the transitions of the received signal to control the phase of the synchronising-signal- generating means, e.g. using a phase-locked loop
H04B 1/12 - Neutralising, balancing, or compensation arrangements
Systems and methods for reducing the amount of power consumed by an electronic or electrical device by using collected knowledge of the operation of the device to determine when to place the device in an ultra-low power consumption mode.
Systems and methods for generating a spurious signal cancellation signal, the system comprising two direct digital synthesizers (DDS). The first DDS provides phase tracking to correct for rounding errors. The second DDS outputs a frequency that is exactly equal to N/M * CLK, where N and M are values selected to set the output frequency equal to the frequency of a spurious signal to be cancelled, and CLK is a clock frequency used to clock the first and second DDS circuits.
Systems and methods for estimating IQ imbalance in a communication system are provided, where a first device is configured to perform a self-characterization. The self- characterization is performed by requesting an IQ probe from a second device. The first device receives tones via the IQ probe with frequency separation such that an image related to one IQ imbalance is separated from an image related to another IQ imbalance. IQ imbalance can be estimated by calculating tone to image ratio.
Systems and methods for converting analog signals to digital signals. A reference slice is associated with each of a plurality of active slices to balance the loading on an active sampling track and hold amplifier within each active slice. Alternatively, the reference slice is split into a portion having a reference ADC that is shared by a plurality of partial reference slices, each partial reference slice having a partial reference input module.
A communication device includes a communication port including a first connector and a signal path communicatively coupled between device components and the connector and a power management module configured to determine whether an external cable is mated to the first connector and to transition the communication device to a sleep mode if it is determined that an external cable is not mated to the first connector.
H04H 20/63 - Arrangements specially adapted for specific applications, e.g. for traffic information or for mobile receivers for local area broadcast, e.g. instore broadcast to plural spots in a confined site, e.g. MATV [Master Antenna Television]
H04L 12/28 - Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
A communication device includes a communication port including network interface circuitry; and a power control module configured to awaken the communication device from a sleep mode, determine whether a network is present at the communication port, and to return the communication device to the sleep mode if it is determined that a network is not present at the communication port.
H04L 12/12 - Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof
H04H 20/63 - Arrangements specially adapted for specific applications, e.g. for traffic information or for mobile receivers for local area broadcast, e.g. instore broadcast to plural spots in a confined site, e.g. MATV [Master Antenna Television]
H04L 12/28 - Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
A method, system and circuit for providing for part or all of a transmitter, when it is in mute mode (not actively transmitting), to be turned off, removed, decoupled or modified in general in order to reduce the total noise submitted by the transmitter to the wired network into network controller. In parallel, an auxiliary circuit or impedance is added or coupled to the transmitter in order to mitigate the total return loss change of the transmitter. When in active transmitter mode, this auxiliary circuit or impedance will be removed or decoupled from the transmitter and transmitter will transmit in normal mode.
Systems and methods for removing interference from a received signal. A model of a leakage path from a transmit section to a receive section is used to assist in designing a set of iterative filters to remove interference. Modeling the leakage path allows generation of the first approximation of the transfer function of the leakage path traversed by the signals coupled from the transmit section to the receive section. The first approximation narrows down the universe of possible distortions that might occur due to the transfer function of the leakage path. Narrowing down the universe of possible solutions makes the complexity of the interference control section more manageable. An iterative LMS function is used to further refine the coefficients of the adaptive filters.
H04B 1/38 - Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
19.
HIGH EFFICIENCY SWITCHED CAPACITOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR
A high efficiency switched capacitor voltage regulator circuit and a method of efficiently generating an enhanced voltage from an input voltage supply. An input voltage Vin from a main power source is the base voltage to be pumped to an enhanced voltage. Auxiliary voltage sources V1 and V2 are from sources (or grounds) available in the system. During phase 1 of a clock signal, a pump capacitor is charged to ΔV = V2 - V1. During phase 2 of the clock signal, the pump capacitor is connected in series between Vin and an output capacitor, resulting in the sum voltage V = Vin + ΔV being generated across the output capacitor.
H02M 3/00 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
H02M 3/07 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 3/18 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by dynamic converters using capacitors or batteries which are alternately charged and discharged, e.g. charged in parallel and discharged in series
20.
HYBRID WIRED AND WIRELESS NETWORK COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD
A hybrid wired and wireless communication network that advantageously utilizes the widespread spatial positioning of multiple wireless MIMO radio units coupled to a wired network backbone, such as a MoCA-based communications network, to create a virtual MIMO antenna that substantially improves the effective range and throughput of the hybrid communication network.
H04B 7/02 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
An amplifier-less radio architecture provides a system and method for allowing the addition of multiple antennas to radio systems, particularly radio systems in accordance with the Wi-Fi standards, without increasing the complexity, cost, and power consumption of the resulting circuitry. Multiple antennas, directly coupled to transmitters and receivers, enable the combination of received or transmitted signals in such a way as to achieve a quadratic improvement, in a manner not unlike that which would be achieved by an impracticably larger antenna. The invention thus lends itself to fully integrating all necessary radio circuitry into a single low-power, amplifier-less integrated circuit.
H04B 1/38 - Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
Systems and methods of bridging a first access network using a FDD scheme running on a first physical medium, with a second network using a TDD or FDD scheme running on a second physical medium are presented in which a network controller (NC) of the second network is physically connected to the first network, and can generate a virtual node for each network node on the second network, such that the network nodes on the second network can be scheduled by a scheduler of the first network as if they were regular network nodes on the first network. The bridge intercepts the schedule messages intended to the virtual nodes, keeps the schedule for upstream transmission on the first network, and creates a corresponding schedule for the network node on the second network.
Systems and methods for dynamically adjusting the gain in a receiver front end. The gain is adjusted in order to make an error margin for each incoming signal essentially equal. Signals are initially received together. The signals are split in order to allow for independent adjustments to the gain of each signal. The signals are then gain adjusted. After gain adjustments are made, the signals are recombined.
A method, system, and computer program for implementing an EPoC network, and especially a Time-Division Duplex (TDD) variant. Multiple Subordinate MAC & PHY-layers for coax (120, 132) or HFC segments convey downstream traffic (114) from, and/or upstream traffic (140) to, an OLT (100) or CLT (156), wherein the scheduling of said conveyance over coax is subordinate to said downstream (114') and/or upstream traffic (140').
A method, system, and computer program for implementing TDD in an EPoC network. Multiple PHY-layers for coax or HFC segments operate cooperatively to establish a constant delay for an upstream path, and a constant delay for a downstream path, resulting in a constant RTT rangeable by either: an EPoC CLT (116); or an EPON OLT with an EPoC OCU. The delay for at least one PHY-layer is not established as constant, but suffers variable delays (100), while at least one other PHY-layer establishes delays which are Complementary (102) to said variable delays.
A switchable diplexer includes a plurality of bandpass filters having passbands for the frequency bands in which communication across a communication channel is desired. The bandpass filters can be arranged in groups of bandpass filters located adjacent to one another physically. Further, a group of bandpass filters can include a plurality of bandpass filters having a stop band in a common frequency range of interest. A plurality of switches can be provided to switch the desired bandpass filter into the circuit to allow communication on its corresponding band. The switches can therefore be electrically coupled to the passband filters and configured to select one of the plurality of bandpass filters for signal communication on the communication channel.
A cascaded diplexer circuit provides a diplexer leg with selectable passbands. The cascaded diplexer circuit has a diplexer with a plurality of first bandpass filters. A second bandpass filter is selectively switched in series with one of the first bandpass filters. Preferably, the passband of the second bandpass filter is chosen to limit the passband of the first bandpass filter, such that when the second bandpass filter is switched into the circuit, the passband of the diplexer leg is reduced. In some embodiments, the passband of the second bandpass filter is a subset of, or overlaps with, the passband of the first bandpass filter.
Low headroom line driver circuits are disclosed. In several embodiments, the line driver circuits include a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor and a fourth transistor, where the first transistor and second transistors; and the third and fourth transistors are matched, first and second matched impedances, first and second driver controls circuit configured to apply control signals to the gates of the first and second transistors; and the third and fourth transistors respectively. In addition, the first and third transistors; and the second and fourth transistors are configured as a pair of stacked transistors connected between the voltage supplies Vdd and Vss, the second and fourth transistors are configured as a pair of stacked transistors connected between the voltage supplies Vdd and Vss, the matched impedances are connected in series between nodes formed by the connection between the first and third transistors; and the second and fourth transistors.
H03B 1/00 - GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNERGENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS Details
Embodiments of methods, apparatuses, and systems for signal processing of multiple input signals to control peak" amplitudes of a combined signal axe disclosed. One method includes receiving a plurality of input signals, generating a combined signal, the combined signal comprising a plurality of sub-channels, wherein each sub-channel includes a representation of at least a portion of at bast, one of the plurality of input signals, and processing the representation of the least a portion of the at least one of the plurality of input signals of at least one of the sub-channels, to reduce a peak- to-average-power ratio (PAR.) of the combined signal.
H04B 1/66 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for reducing bandwidth of signalsDetails of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for improving efficiency of transmission
H04B 1/68 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for wholly or partially suppressing the carrier or one side band
H04B 14/02 - Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission characterised by the use of pulse modulation
Principles, apparatuses, systems, circuits, methods, and computer program products for performing a software upgrade in a MoCA network includes receiving an image of a software upgrade at a server and sending the image in the MoCA network using an L2ME message channel to a client that is enabled to receive the image and store the image in a client memory. The image may be broken up into packets, and a sequence number may be assigned to each packet to assist the client in assembling them. CRC information may also be appended to the packets to enable the client to verify their contents.
A method, system and computer program for transmitting at least two payloads in a downstream traffic phase of a time-division duplex (TDD) cycle with a single preamble from a headend followed by concatenated payloads without intervening preambles, whereby the payloads are ranked by increasing modulation profiles. The preamble, and concatenated and ordered set of payloads are then transmitted to two or more predetermined customer premise equipments (CPEs).
The use of traffic flag symbols allows a large number of CPEs to transmit traffic notifications to a network controller. In some such embodiments, hundreds of CPEs simultaneously transmit traffic flags on different subcarriers of a channel. For example, in a MoCA2 based access network, up to 480 CPEs can transmit flags in only 5μs in the 100MHz-wide channel.
A MSO deploying a standard OLT, and installed with ONUs to be used by customers to whom the MSO can connect using optical fiber. For customers that cannot be reached with optical fiber, the MSO deploys a converter between the optical fiber and the coax network so that the MSO can use the same standard OLT, and use CNUs for those customers attached to the coax network.
Methods, apparatuses, systems, and computer program products that may be based on MoCA protocols for discovering MoCA devices in a MoCA network include causing a first MoCA device to periodically send the device specific information to a second MoCA device in the MoCA network. The information may be sent, for example in a link-layer discovery protocol (LLDP) message in which the information is encoded in a type-length value (TLV) message. The information may include a MAC address of the first MoCA device, an IP address of the first MoCA device, vendor identification information, hardware identification information, hardware version information, software identification information, a software version, a name of the first MoCA device, a location of the first MoCA device, a MoCA node assigned to the first MoCA device, or the like.
Systems and methods are described for providing a throughput of 10 Gbps or more in a coaxial cable network and which operate at high frequencies above the existing services on home coax in the range 2 GHz to 10 GHz, or more. The network uses a wide signal bandwidth, in the range, for example, of 8 GHz. Operating above the CATV band and satellite services, the network coexists with these services without mutual interference. The system could be used in networking systems, such as MoCA 3 and Access systems. This is achieved by using a splitter with a low loss and low isolation in the 2 - 10 GHz range at the point-of entry (POE) of the network signal. Alternatively, an active node to provide a signal booster or a repeater function at the point-of-entry (POE) can be used.
A distributed continuous antenna for wireless communication includes a first section of coaxial cable having a center conductor and an outer shield; and an antenna lead having a first end electrically connected at an injection point of the outer shield of the coaxial cable, and having a second end configured to be coupled to a device radio for the purpose of transmitting or receiving signals using the outer shield of the coaxial cable as an antenna for the device radio. The distributed continuous antenna might include a plurality of leads electrically connected to the outer shield of the coaxial cable at a first end and configured to have a second end coupled to a device radio for the purpose of transmitting or receiving signals using the outer shield of the coaxial cable as an antenna for the device radio.
Systems and methods for performing phase tracking scheme for an Analog to Digital converter based tuner. In many embodiments, a phase tracking scheme is used that includes a phase locked loop that corrects the phase of the output signals and an amplitude modulation compensator that modulates the amplitude of the output digital signals to compensate for phase noise based upon the received output digital signals.
A network-capable device is configured to: automatically detect the presence of MoCA network ( or other network, depending on the network protocol in the application environment), and configure itself for communication on that network at the appropriate communication frequencies. The network-capable device can be configured to create a new network (e.g., a new MoCA network ) if there is no network broadcast signal within a band. Preferably, the network-capable device requires little or no user intervention to configure itself for operation at network operating frequencies or to create a new network where none is detected.
H04H 20/63 - Arrangements specially adapted for specific applications, e.g. for traffic information or for mobile receivers for local area broadcast, e.g. instore broadcast to plural spots in a confined site, e.g. MATV [Master Antenna Television]
39.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MOTION ESTIMATION IN VIDEO IMAGE DATA
A method for motion estimation in video image data comprises a step of providing a block of pixels (B(F(t))) of a current image (F(t)) and a block of pixels (B(F(t-1))) of a previous image (F(t-1)) and a block of pixels (B(F(t-2))) of a pre- previous image (F(t-2)). A reconstructed block of pixels (B*(F(t), F(t-2),v)) is determined by combining the block of pixels of the previous image (B(F(t-1),v) and the block of pixels of the pre-previous image B(F(t-2),v)). A motion vector (v) of the block of pixels of the current image (B(F(t))) is evaluated by comparing the block of pixels of the current image (B(F(t))) with the reconstructed block of pixels (B*(F(t), F(t-2),v)).
A method for generating control signals particularly based on a movement or a pose of a at least one viewer comprising; detecting a plurality of images of a scene illuminated by ambient light and the light generated by the display device, wherein each of the plurality of images comprise a substantially constant amount of ambient light and a pre-determined amount of light generated by the display device and wherein the pre-determined amount of light varies between at least two consecutive images of the plurality of images; separating display generated light from the ambient light by using known indicia of the display device generated light to extract only a portion of the illuminated scene; and generating a control signal in response to the extracted portion.
Systems, methods, and apparatus for sharing resources for a network bridge configured to perform communications on a MoCA network and a WiFi network using the shared resources. The method includes: receiving a MAP from a MoCA NC and checking the MAP to determine whether the MoCA NC has scheduled MoCA communications in an upcoming MAP cycle; in instances where the MAP indicates that the MoCA NC has scheduled MoCA communications in an upcoming MAP cycle, configuring the shared network bridge resources for MoCA communications; c) in instances where the MAP indicates that the MoCA NC has not scheduled any MoCA communications in an upcoming MAP cycle, configuring the shared network bridge resources for WiFi communications; at the conclusion of a WiFi communication period, sending a CTS to the WiFi devices on the network and configuring the shared network bridge resources for WiFi communications.
A method, apparatus, system, and computer program product for auto-installing an integrated receiver/decoder (IRD) includes issuing an auto-installation command from the IRD to an outdoor unit (ODU) and receiving a plurality of tones from the ODU in response to the auto-installation command, each tone representing a center frequency of available user bands (UBs). The auto-installation also includes acquiring a UB center frequency by the IRD, requesting the ODU to confirm a UB number corresponding to the acquired UB center frequency, and receiving confirmation from the ODU that a UB number corresponds to the acquired UB center frequency. The auto-installation also includes sending an acceptance of the assigned UB number from the IRD to signal the ODU that it may mark the assigned UB as assigned.
The disclosed method and apparatus provides systems, methods, and apparatuses for implementing a PQoS flow between two or more nodes located in different network segments of a multi-segment network, when some nodes involved in the flow lack support for high layer QoS management protocols. Specifically, some embodiments are directed toward implementing a PQoS flow involving some nodes that lack network layers higher than a Data Link Layer (layer 2). For example, some embodiments of the current disclosed method and apparatus can create a parameterized QoS flow between a source node and a destination node when at least one of the nodes participating in the flow (i.e. the source node, one or multiple bridge nodes that the QoS flow passes, and the destination node) lacks UPnP QoS Device Services (i.e., a higher layer QoS management protocol).
In a method for adjusting the modulation of information onto subcarriers transmitted on a network, a first modulation profile of a network node on the network is set a first density. A plurality of messages in support of a link maintenance operation (LMO) on the network are monitored. The first modulation profile of the network node is updated to a second modulation profile having a second density. The updating is based on the monitored messages. Interference is detected by determining that a link between the first network node and a second network node on the network is not conveying a predetermined class of messages correctly. The first network node is set to a third modulation profile more robust than the first and second modulation profiles in response to the detected interference. The third modulation profile is common to each network node on the network.
A method and apparatus in which a Tap-Weight Computer (TWC) calculates a Tap-Weight Vector (TWV). The TWV is coupled to a register in each of a plurality of adaptive filter modules. Each such adaptive filter module includes several adaptive filters that each include a tapped delay line. The input to the tapped delay line of each such adaptive filter is one of a plurality of potential interfering signals. The TWV controls the weighting of the outputs from the taps off the delay line. The weighted outputs from each tapped delay line are then subtracted from a received signal which potentially includes interference from the potential interfering signals.
A CMOS differential power amplifier having broadband input matching with Noise and Non-linearity Cancellation. The broadband input match is realized by using two "Diode-Connected" NFETs (i.e., N-type Field Effect Transistors). Resulting noise degradation is reduced by using a noise cancellation structure. By using the same structure the disclosed method and apparatus also achieves non-linearity cancellation.
A method and apparatus for attaining the benefits of both an adjacent subchannel assignments and distributed subchannel assignments. That is, the following is a method and apparatus for providing dynamic subchannel assignments that provide the benefits of both adjacent subchannel assignments and distributed subchannel assignments.
In a method for adjusting modulation on a network, a modulation profile of a network node on the network is set a specified density. A plurality of messages that are received at the network node are monitored on an ongoing basis. The modulation profile of the network node is updated continually based on the monitored messages. A determination is made that a predetermined class of messages is received incorrectly at the network node. The network node is disconnected from the network based on the incorrectly received predetermined class of messages and is reconnected to the network to initiate the network node on the network.
A system and method for node admission in a communication network having a NC and a plurality of associated network nodes. According to various embodiments of the disclosed method and apparatus, key determination in a communication network includes an NN sending to the NC a request for a SALT; the NN receiving the SALT from the NC, combining the SALT with its network password to calculate a static key, and submitting an admission request to the network coordinator to request a dynamic key. The SALT can be a random number generated by the NC, and the admission request can be encrypted by the NN using the static key.
Systems and methods for scheduling network communications in a managed network can include a Network Controller discovering a plurality of network nodes; the Network Controller classifying the discovered network nodes into two or more classifications of node for node-level prioritization of network communications; the Network Controller receiving reservation requests from at least some of the plurality of network nodes, wherein the reservation requests request one or more time slots for their respective network nodes in an upcoming communication window; and the Network Controller assigning time slots in the upcoming communication window to one or more network nodes in response to reservation requests, wherein the assignment is based on a priority of the network nodes and wherein the priority is assigned to the nodes according to their classification.
A method of signal processing, or corresponding apparatus, includes providing multiple analog receive signals at respective antennas and selecting one antenna at a time in an iterative manner, to cycle through the antennas and provide a multiplexed analog signal. The multiplexed analog signal is filtered at a filter to pass a predetermined frequency band. The multiplexed analog signal is sampled at a single analog to digital converter to generate a multiplexed digital signal. The multiplexed digital signal is demultiplexed to generate multiple digital signals for digital processing. Sharing a receiver and ADC among multiple antennas results in reduced cost and power. Such cost and power reductions in turn enable larger antenna arrays than are available with prior art techniques, thereby promoting increased throughput and coverage.
A method of signal processing, or corresponding apparatus, includes providing digital input signals representing beamforming data to be transmitted on respective antennas. One of the digital input signals is selected at a time among a plurality of times, to cycle through the digital input signals repeatedly and provide a multiplexed digital signal, which is converted to a multiplexed analog signal. The multiplexed analog signal is filtered to pass a predetermined frequency band and demultiplexed to provide analog output signals. One of the analog output signals is selected and provided to a corresponding antenna for transmission. Sharing a transmitter and DAC among multiple antennas results in reduced cost and power. Such cost and power reductions in turn enable larger antenna arrays than are available with prior art techniques, thereby promoting increased throughput and coverage.
A method of reducing resource overhead attributed to preambles in a communication system includes transmitting, at a transmitter, one or more signals including a first packet. The first packet is transmitted in a first time-frequency grant including a first set of one or more subcarriers. The first packet includes a full preamble including reference signal information for determining a total channel estimate for every subcarrier to be used in transmission of the first packet. A second packet is transmitted in a second time-frequency grant including a second set of one or more subcarriers without a full preamble when a receiver configured to communicate with the transmitter can determine a phase offset between the transmitter and the receiver from the signals received at the receiver.
A user interface on a three-dimensional display overcomes unsettling effects that arise when user interfaces are presented to users in a three-dimensional context. An extended border defines an extended portion of a background of the user interface. If the background is opaque, the extended portion of the background is blended with the underlying video or image. If the background is semi-transparent, user interface content is presented as appearing to project out of the screen, and the extended portion of the background is blended with the underlying video or image with variable blending alpha. If the background is transparent, user interface content is presented as appearing to project out of the screen, the video or image underlying the original background of the user interface is blurred, and the portion of the video or image underlying the extended portion of the background is blurred with variable blur radius.
H04B 1/00 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
56.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INTERFACE TO LAYER 2 OF AN OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION (OSI) COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL
A method of communicating with a layer 2 device over any of a plurality of interfaces, including a MoCA network, an Ethernet interface or a serial port. The method includes sending a string of information including a command and an associated address to the layer 2 device over a protocol other than the MoCA protocol via any of the MoCA network. The Ethernet interface or the serial port receives the string within the layer 2 device and executes the command within the layer 2 device based upon the address and the command.
Methods and apparatus for communicating unicast PQoS DFID information in a MoCA network are disclosed. In a transmitting apparatus, values are assigned in a first set of fields of a reservation request element, the first set adapted to indicate a unicast PQoS flow with a DFID value. Values are assigned in a second set of fields of the reservation request element, the second set adapted to represent the DFID value. A message comprising the reservation request element is transmitted to a network coordinator. In a receiving network coordinator, a message comprising a reservation request element is received. It is determined whether the first set is indicative of a unicast PQoS flow with a DFID value. The DFID value is determined from the second set if the first set is indicative of a unicast PQoS flow with a DFID value.
Systems and methods for establishing Parameterized QoS flows in a managed network can include the Designated Network Node discovering one or more of the plurality of network nodes; classifying the discovered network node or nodes based on node type; determining from the classification which node or nodes are designated for supporting Parameterized QoS flows; and invoking a request to a MoCA layer to create Parameterized QoS flows between the network node or nodes classified as designated for Parameterized QoS flows and the source nodes; wherein the bandwidth designated for the individual Parameterized QoS flows is either a nominal value or actual value specified by the Designated Network Node such that the actual aggregate bandwidth for the Parameterized QoS flows does not exceed the network bandwidth available for actual Parameterized QoS flows.
Systems and methods for providing a mechanism by which digital signals can be converted to analog signals with an efficient structure that reduces the number of filters required by providing a mechanism for cancelling images that would otherwise be generated. By adjusting three parameters in the system, a selection can be made as to whether to generate upper sidebands, lower sidebands and in which direction the envelope of the output from the system will be skewed.
Techniques for accelerated processing associated with analog to digital signal conversion are disclosed. Accelerated processing is provided for sample-and-hold and track-and-hold circuits used with analog to digital converters in various embodiments. An abbreviated sampling state, an abbreviated reset state, or both are employed in various embodiments. By accelerating processing so as to avoid the need for waiting for a signal to settle within a predetermined tolerance, errors of different types may be incurred. Such errors are determined during calibration and stored for future retrieval and error compensation. Techniques for online and offline calibration are disclosed, whereby calibration may or may not impact normal signal conversion processing. Techniques disclosed herein find broad applicability in analog to digital conversion and yield faster processing in a variety of contexts.
Methods and apparatus for capacitive voltage division are provided, an example apparatus having an input and an output and including a first switched capacitor circuit. In some embodiments, the capacitive voltage divider includes first and second MOSFETs. A first capacitor is coupled between the drain of the first MOSFET and the input to the capacitive voltage divider. A first circuit coupled to the drain of the first MOSFET is configured to pull down the drain of the first MOSFET and thus apply a reverse bias to a first junction diode internal to the first MOSFET between the drain and the bulk of the first MOSFET. A second capacitor is coupled between the source of the first MOSFET and the drain of the second MOSFET. A second circuit is configured to reverse bias a second junction diode between the drain and bulk of the second MOSFET.
H02M 1/10 - Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from AC or DC
62.
A METHOD FOR QUICK MAP RECOVERY IN CASE OF ERROR IN MOCA
A method comprises receiving a predetermined length of information, the information including a first MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) being of variable length and including at least one Sub-MPDU; independently decoding the first Sub-MPDU and a plurality of additional portions of the received information, each portion having a length equal to the length of one Sub- MPDU; processing data from the first Sub-MPDU; and determining from the processed data how many of the other decoded portions constitute Sub-MPDUs of the received MPDU.
Systems and methods for scheduling network communications in a managed network can include receiving in a Network Coordinator a submission from each of a plurality of network nodes requesting, for their respective flows, reservation of communication slots in a communication window, the submission including scheduling information such as latency tolerance maximum aggregation amount; the Network Coordinator checking available bandwidth in the communication window; and the Network Coordinator allocating the available bandwidth to a first flow from a first requesting node based on the first flow's scheduling information and the bandwidth availability, and deferring allocation of bandwidth to a second flow from a second requesting node until a later window based on the second flow's scheduling information and the bandwidth availability, thereby reallocating peak demand among the plurality of requesting nodes across a plurality of communication windows.
Various systems and methods are provided for channel estimation. These systems and methods (a) determine a coherence bandwidth for the channel, (b) adapt the channel estimation based on the coherence bandwidth, and (c) perform channel estimation by transmitting a channel estimation symbol over a channel. In some embodiments, the channel estimation is adapted based on the coherence bandwidth. This may include selecting a number of channel estimation symbols to transmit in a packet. Additionally, the number of channel estimation symbols transmitted in a packet can be selected by increasing the number of channel estimation symbols when the coherence bandwidth of the channel is high or decreasing the number of channel estimation symbols when the coherence bandwidth of the channel is low.
A system and method for fragmented transmission and retransmission in a communication network. According to various embodiments of the disclosed method and apparatus, a method for fragmenting a protocol data unit for transmission from a source node in a communication network includes the operations of determining a plurality of subpackets in which to send the protocol data unit having one or more service data units; creating a data unit header for a first of the plurality of subpackets; identifying one or more fragments for inclusion in the first of the plurality of subpackets; creating an aggregation subheader for the first of the plurality of subpackets, wherein the aggregation subheader comprises data identifying the one or more fragments; and concatenating the data unit header, one or more fragments and aggregation subheader to build the first of the plurality of subpackets.
According to various embodiments of the disclosed method and apparatus, a node on a network submits to a network controller a request for the admission of a parameterized Quality of Service flow with in a MoCA network. A network controller receives the submission requesting creation of or update to a parameterized quality of service to support a flow with retransmission; sends a message to a first plurality of nodes in the network to request information from the first plurality of nodes regarding whether the retransmission flow can be created or updated; receives responses from the first plurality of nodes, wherein each response comprises information regarding whether its respective node can support the retransmission flow; and determines whether the retransmission flow can be supported by the first plurality of network nodes.
A method includes receiving a request for bandwidth from a first network node of a coordinated network and broadcasting a first transmission schedule to a plurality of network nodes including the first network node. The first transmission schedule allocates bandwidth for the first network node to transmit data to a second network node. An acknowledgement (ACK) message is received from the second network node indentifying that the second network node successfully received the data from the first network node.
According to various embodiments of the disclosed method and apparatus, a node on a network submits to a network controller a request for discovery of information regarding communication capabilities of other network nodes. The network controller sends a request for node communication capabilities to the other nodes in the network; receives responses from the other nodes that include information regarding communication capabilities of each respective node; and send the received information regarding communication capabilities of the nodes to a plurality of nodes in the network.
Various systems and methods for probing a communication channel. These systems and methods transmit an error vector probe packet from a first transmitter while a second transmitter is active and transmitting. A network device may receive the error vector probe packet and measure an error vector magnitude based on the received error vector probe packet. Using the error vector magnitude, the network device estimates channel characteristics such as signal-to-noise ratio, data capacity, etc. The transmission can occur when more than one transmitter is active and transmitting. At least some of the other transmitters are active and transmit an analog zero signal, e.g., all digital zeros on the input to the digital-to-analog converter of a network device when an error vector probe packet is transmitted.
A method and apparatus for receiving packets from a node within a first network in accordance with a first protocol. A descriptor associated with each received packet is read by a direct memory access (DMA) controller that stores the received packet. A value for a controllable parameter is selected to efficiently communicate the content of the received packet over a second network that operates in accordance with a second protocol. The information in the received packet is then organized into newly formed packets, the size of which makes them efficient for communication over the network in the second protocol. The newly formed packets are stored in a transmit line buffer and associated with a Protocol Descriptor. The Protocol Descriptor provides information to a transmit controller to allow the transmit controller to select and aggregate packets from the transmit line buffer in order to make efficient use of the second protocol.
G01R 31/08 - Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
G06F 15/16 - Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
According to various embodiments of the disclosed method and apparatus, nodes on a network are programmed to generate a probe transmission in response to a request from the node that will be receiving the probe. The receiving node may generate a probe request that specifies a plurality of parameters, such as a modulation profile for the probe; the payload content of the probe; the number of times to transmit the probe; a number of symbols for the payload of the probe; a preamble type for the probe; a cyclic-prefix length for the payload of the probe; a transmit power for the probe; and a transmit power scaling factor for the payload of the probe.
A network controller receives data substantially simultaneously from multiple client nodes. The network controller assigns to each client node one or more sub-carriers of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing access frequency spectrum. The client nodes transmit substantially simultaneously M LDPC codewords that are encoded in a parity check matrix so that the number of rows m' depend on the code rate and are mapped on its assigned sub-carriers. The network controller computes a bit log-likelihood ratio for each received bit of the codewords and arranges the bit LLR by codeword to align with an equivalent parity check matrix. The network controller decodes the codewords with the equivalent parity check matrix.
H03M 13/00 - Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correctionCoding theory basic assumptionsCoding boundsError probability evaluation methodsChannel modelsSimulation or testing of codes
A method includes determining a first aggregate received power level of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signal received at a first network node, adjusting a nominal PHY Margin an amount that is dependent upon a measurement of an aggregate received power level of the OFDM signal, determining a data transmission rate based on the adjusted nominal PHY Margin, and receiving data being transmitted in accordance with the data transmission rate at the first node.
According to various embodiments of the disclosure, systems, methods and apparatuses are provided for using ranging to improve network efficiency. In particular, various embodiments of the disclosure provide ranging to improve local clock time synchronization. According to one embodiment, a method for synchronizing a plurality of nodes on a communication network is provided, comprising: exchanging local clock times between a first node and a second node over the communication network; performing a ranging method between the first and second nodes based on the local clock times exchanged between the first and second nodes, wherein the ranging method results in an estimated propagation delay between the first and second nodes; and adjusting the local clock times of the first and second nodes based on the estimated propagation delay, thereby resulting in a synchronized local clock time at the first and second nodes.
Systems and methods are provided that allow multiple transmitting network devices to transmit under an orthogonal frequency divisional multiple access (OFDMA) mode to a receiving network device. The multiple transmitting network devices may be configured to perform constellation scrambling on the symbols they will be transmitting using a predetermined scrambling sequence. They may be further configured to synchronize their use of the sequence, for example, by advancing the sequence for each available subcarrier, such that the receiving device may view the payload as if it were sent by a single transmitter. Accordingly, these multiple transmissions may be descrambled using only one instance of a sequence generator.
A system that transmits data over multiple networks receives data packets at a client node and forms a plurality of data aggregates from the data packets. The system then sends a request for a duplicate transmission to a coordinator node on a first network. In response to the request, the system receives a first transmission slot on the first network and a second transmission slot on a second network for transmission of the data aggregates. The system then splits the data aggregates among the first transmission slot and the second transmission slot and transmits the data aggregates on the first transmission slot and the second transmission slot.
A method includes appending a preamble to a data packet and transmitting the preamble and data packet over a communication channel in the network. The preamble may be a Beacon, Admission, Broadcast, or High-Throughput Preamble. The Beacon Preamble includes the following symbols SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, CP0, CEBeacon, CEBeacon. The Admission Preamble includes the following symbols SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, SS, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, CP0, CE, CE. The Broadcast Preamble includes the following symbols LS1, LS1, LS1, LS1, CP0, CE, CE. The high-throughput preamble includes the following symbols CP0, CE. The SS symbol includes 64 bits, the LS1, LS2, and CP0 symbols include 192 bits, the CE symbol includes 512 bits, and the CEBeacon symbol is a subset of CE.
Systems and methods for performing channel equalization in a communication system are presented. More particularly, embodiments of the disclosed method and apparatus are directed toward systems and methods for performing channel equalization in an OFDM system. One example of a method of negating the effects of IQ imbalance can include the operations of transmitting a channel estimation string across a channel. The channel estimation string comprises a plurality of known channel estimation symbols. The method further includes logically inverting predetermined symbols within the known channel estimation string; transmitting a second channel estimation string across the channel, the second channel estimation string including the logically inverted predetermined symbols; and estimating the IQ image noise based on received first and second channel estimation symbols.
[0078] Systems and methods for estimating IQ imbalance in a communication system are provided. In various embodiments, a device is configured to perform a self-characterization. The self-characterization is performed over an RF loopback circuit. In some embodiments, a probe is transmitted over the RF loopback circuit. The probe uses a frequency offset such that an image related to one IQ imbalance is separated from an image related to another IQ imbalance. An imbalance estimate is calculated based on processing of the probe.
The present invention relates to methods and systems for signal filtering in electronic devices and more particularly, some embodiments related to methods and systems for filtering of radio frequency (RF) signals. In some embodiments, a filter circuit may comprise a down-converter, a filter, coupled to the down-converter and configured to filter the down-converted signal, and an up-converter, coupled to the filter. Various embodiments might also include a combining circuit, coupled to the up-converter and configured to combine the filtered, up-converted signal and the input signal.
Methods and apparatuses are provided for performing direct quadrature sampling. One method for sampling quadrature baseband components of a bandpass signal includes receiving a bandpass signal, sampling the bandpass signal using a first sampling clock and a second sampling clock, where the first and the second sampling clocks have the same frequency and are offset by a predetermined phase, and aligning the sampled signals temporally to produce in-phase and quadrature samples corresponding to baseband in-phase and quadrature components. An apparatus for directly sampling baseband quadrature components of a bandpass signal is also presented, which includes a first analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to receive a bandpass signal, a second ADC configured to receive the bandpass signal, where the second ADC has a clock having a phase offset with respect to clock signal of the first ADC, and an interpolator coupled to the first ADC configured provide coincident samples.
H04B 1/66 - Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for reducing bandwidth of signalsDetails of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for improving efficiency of transmission
A method and apparatus of supporting more than the maximum number of clients allowed in a network. Such limitations exist because of resource limitations, such as memory and other hardware. In one embodiment of the disclosed method and apparatus, a network controller temporarily drops a client out of a network to allow another client, which is currently not in the network and wishes to be active, to join the network. Information about the link between the dropped client and the network controller is stored to allow the dropped client to easily rejoin the network.
A channel stacking system includes first and second downconverting stages, first and second analog to digital converters, and a digital switching and signal processor. The first downconverting stage includes a first downconverter circuit having an input for receiving a first RF input signal which includes a multitude of first channels. The first downconverter circuit frequency downconverts the first RF input signal to a first IF signal which includes the multitude of first channels. The first analog-to-digital converter converts the first IF signal to a first digital IF signal. The second downconverter stage includes a second downconverter circuit having an input for receiving a second RF input signal which includes a multitude of second channels. The second downconverter circuit frequency downconverts the second RF input signal to a second IF signal including said multitude of second channels.
A Method and aparatus for a satellite television signal distribution system are presented. Some embodiments include an outdoor unit (ODU) for receiving satellite signals and remodulating them onto unused terrestrial broadcast channels using a terrestrial broadcast modulation scheme such as DVB-T. A remote controller used by a viewer is coupled to an ODU controller to allow the viewer to control the ODU in order to select the desired program channel to be displayed on an integrated receiving device capable of receiving and displaying the DVB-T signals.
A process for scheduling reservation requests among a plurality of nodes on a network, includes examining a level of network communication activity of a first node to determine whether the first node is active; allocating a reservation request to the first node, but only if the first node is determined to be active; and repeating the process of examining and allocating for one or more subsequent nodes on the network. In one embodiment, the process can utilize thresholds to determine whether a network device is active and the thresholds can be based on, for example, recent network activity for the node being evaluated.
A node for transmitting digital data over a network receives a plurality of packet data units and identifies at least two of the packet data units that have the same aggregation identifier. The node then forms an aggregate packet from the packet data units that have the same aggregation identifier and transmits the aggregate packet to a common destination node or nodes.
A node forms a network by scanning for an existing network. If an existing network is not found, the node operates as a network controller node of the first network and admits at least one client node to the first network. As a network controller node, the node designates one of the client nodes as a scout node. The scout node removes itself from the first network and scans for a second network. If the scout node does not return to the first network after a predetermined time, it is assumed that the scout node has found a second network. The network controller node of the first network then designates the remaining client nodes as scout nodes, and then joins the second network as a client node. Therefore, multiple networks are avoided.
A method is disclosed for optimizing a network that is formed from a plurality of nodes. The NC node of the network compiles an order that the plurality of nodes perform a probing operation. The order is typically round robin. The NC node receives a request from a client that identifies a next node to perform the probing operation. Based on the request, the NC node changes the order so that the next node performs the probing operation after the current node that is performing the probing operation has completed the operation.
A method for managing data transmission comprising making a bandwidth on a network resource available to at least one requestor for transmitting or receiving data according to a first request of a first type, the first type have a prescribed quality of service guarantee; transmitting first data in accordance with the first type to or from the at least one requestor on the network resource using a first portion of the bandwidth, if the first data are available to be transferred to or from the at least one requestor; transmitting second data according to a second request of a second type on the network resource to or from the at least one requestor or a second requestor, the second data transmitted without a quality of service guarantee using a second portion of the bandwidth, if the first portion of the prescribed bandwidth is less than the entire bandwidth.
A communications system and method comprises the steps of performing at least one Layer 2 transaction comprising a plurality of wave cycles, each Layer 2 transaction including performing a first wave cycle, concatenating the received first responses from each of the one or more nodes, and performing a second wave cycle. The first wave cycle includes broadcasting a first request from a network coordinator to a plurality of nodes connected to a coordinated network, and receiving a first response from one or more of the nodes indicating that the nodes have opted to participate in a next subsequent wave cycle. The second wave cycle includes transmitting a subsequent request from the network coordinator to each of the one or more nodes based upon the concatenated first responses.
In one embodiment a communication method comprises the steps of receiving a query at Layer 2 from an entry node by way of a coordinated network, the query requesting data rates of network resources of the coordinated network; transmitting a Layer 2 request for an available data rate to each of a plurality of nodes connected to the coordinated network in response to the query; receiving a first Layer 2 response to said request from one or more of the plurality of nodes, wherein the first response includes a data rate with which each of the one or more nodes is capable of transmitting or receiving data; and transmitting a list of the received data rates to at least the entry node on the coordinated network.
A communication system and method including the steps of receiving a first request to initiate a guaranteed quality of service flow in a network, broadcasting a second request from a Network Coordinator to a plurality of nodes connected to the network and receiving a first response to the second request from at least one ingress node. The method further includes receiving a second response to the second request from at least one egress node indicating whether the at least one egress node has available resources to receive the guaranteed quality of service flow and allocating resources for the guaranteed quality of service flow if the at least one ingress node has available resources to transmit, and the at least one egress node has available resources to receive, the guaranteed quality of service flow.
The terminating impedance of a networked device in a wired communication channel is controlled to avoid an impedance discontinuity when power is applied and removed from the node or other event occurs that would change the impedance of the signal interface. When the node transmits or receives signals using the communication channel, the transmit or receive device presents a matched termination to the channel. When power is removed or the device is reset, the transmit and receive circuitry is not operational and the matched impedance is therefore maintained by a separate device. The impedance may be varied slowly from a match to a high impedance to allow other devices in the network to adapt to the change in multipath environment that results from the impedance change. Alternatively, the signal interface can be switched to a passive static impedance that is maintained while power is off or the disrupting event occurs.
A time division duplex (TDD) amplifier switches direction of amplification to amplify signals in both directions as needed for the direction of signal flow in the network. The TDD amplifier switching is controlled by monitoring the communication channel to determine the direction of transmissions over the network.
A receiver for a multi-channel system such as a HDMI system is presented. In accordance with the present invention, the receiver receives one of the plurality of channels and includes an analog portion, a digital-to-analog converter, and a digital control block that provides digital control signals to the analog portion. Equalization can be accomplished partially or wholly in the analog domain and digitally controlled by a digital control loop. A digital equalizer can also be included. A decision feedback equalizer can be implemented that sums an analog output signal into the analog data stream. Timing recovery can be accomplished by digital control of a phase interpolator or delay locked loop that receives a plurality of phases from a timing circuit coupled to receive a clock signal.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Broadband network communication integrated circuits
installed in set-top boxes, television sets and computers
to enable said devices to communicate with each other.
