A fast optical (with or without a photonic crystal) switch is fabricated/constructed, utilizing a phase transition material/Mott insulator, activated by either an electrical pulse (a voltage pulse or a current pulse) and/or a light pulse and/or pulses in terahertz (THz) frequency of a suitable field strength and/or hot electrons. The applications of such a fast optical switch for an on-demand optical add-drop subsystem, integrating with (a) a light slowing/light stopping component (based on metamaterials and/or nanoplasmonic structures) and (b) with or without a wavelength converter are also described.
2) and a two-dimensional (2-D) material is activated by either an electrical pulse (a voltage pulse or a current pulse) or a light pulse just to induce an insulator-to-metal phase transition (IMT) in vanadium dioxide. The applications of such a fast optical switch for an on-demand optical add-drop subsystem, integrating with (a) a light slowing/light stopping component (based on metamaterials and/or nanoplasmonic structures) and (b) with or without a wavelength converter are also described.
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G02B 6/122 - Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
G02F 1/21 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour by interference
G02F 1/00 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics
2) and a two-dimensional (2-D) material is activated by either an electrical pulse (a voltage pulse or a current pulse) or a light pulse just to induce an insulator-to-metal phase transition (IMT) in vanadium dioxide. The applications of such a fast optical switch for an on-demand optical add-drop subsystem, integrating with or without a wavelength converter are also described.
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G02B 6/122 - Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
H04Q 11/00 - Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
5.
System on chip (SoC) based on neural processor or microprocessor
System on chips (SoCs) based on a microprocessor or a neural processor (e.g., brain-inspired processor) electrically coupled with electronic memory devices and/or optically coupled with an optical memory device, along with embodiment(s) of a building block (an element) of the microprocessor/neural processor, the electronic memory device and the optical memory device are disclosed. It should be noted that a microprocessor can be replaced by a graphical processor.
G11C 13/04 - Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups , , or using optical elements
G02B 6/12 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
G11B 7/24 - Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
H01L 27/24 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including solid state components for rectifying, amplifying, or switching without a potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
H01L 25/18 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of the same subclass of , , , , or
H01L 25/065 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group
H01L 45/00 - Solid state devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating, or switching without a potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. dielectric triodes; Ovshinsky-effect devices; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof
G11B 7/2433 - Metals or elements of Groups 13, 14, 15 or 16 of the Periodic Table, e.g. B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Bi, Se or Te
H01L 25/16 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different subclasses of , , , , or , e.g. forming hybrid circuits
H01L 51/05 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; Capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
H01L 51/00 - Solid state devices using organic materials as the active part, or using a combination of organic materials with other materials as the active part; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, or of parts thereof
B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
Various material compositions of a heat shield for a spacecraft are described. The heat shield can be formed by multi-dimensional weaver or three-dimensional (3-D) printer. Furthermore, the heat shield can be configured with a superconducting coil.
B64G 1/62 - Systems for re-entry into the earth's atmosphereRetarding or landing devices
D03D 15/12 - Woven fabrics characterised by the material or construction of the yarn or other warp or weft elements used using heat-resistant or fireproof threads
D03D 25/00 - Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
7.
System on chip (SoC) based on phase transition and/or phase change material
System on chips (SoCs) of a microprocessor electrically connected with electronic memory devices and/or optically connected with a optical memory device are disclosed along with various embodiments of building block of the microprocessor and the electronic memory devices, wherein the microprocessor can comprise digital unit and/or neural networks based unit.
G02B 6/12 - Light guidesStructural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
B82Y 20/00 - Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
G11B 7/2433 - Metals or elements of Groups 13, 14, 15 or 16 of the Periodic Table, e.g. B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Bi, Se or Te
8.
Fast optical switch and its applications in optical communication
2) ultra thin-film or a cluster of vanadium dioxide particles (less than 0.5 microns in diameter) embedded in an ultra thin-film of a polymeric material or in a mesh of metal nanowires is activated by either an electrical pulse (a voltage pulse or a current pulse) or a light pulse just to induce rapid insulator-to-metal phase transition (IMT) in vanadium dioxide ultra thin-film or vanadium dioxide particles embedded in an ultra thin-film of a polymeric material or in a mesh of metal nanowires. The applications of such a fast optical switch for an on-Demand optical add-drop subsystem, integrating with or without a wavelength converter are also described.
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
G02B 6/122 - Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
G02F 1/313 - Digital deflection devices in an optical waveguide structure
G02B 6/35 - Optical coupling means having switching means
G02F 1/00 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics
G02F 1/365 - Non-linear optics in an optical waveguide structure
H04Q 11/00 - Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
H04J 14/02 - Wavelength-division multiplex systems
G02F 1/19 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulatingNon-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups
