Abstract

Synthetic foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) mosaic polypeptides, and nucleic acid molecules encoding the mosaic polypeptides, are described. When included as part of an FMDV genome, the mosaic polypeptides permit virus replication and assembly into FMDV particles. The mosaic polypeptide and nucleic acid compositions can be used to elicit immune responses that provide protection against a broad range of serotype Asia FMDV strains.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/005 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from viruses
• A61K 39/135 - Foot-and-mouth disease virus
• A61P 31/14 - Antivirals for RNA viruses
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Abstract

Endophyte combinations, compositions, and methods of using the endophyte combinations and compositions for improving plant and algae productivity and tolerance to environmental stresses.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01N 63/20 - BacteriaSubstances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
• A01N 63/22 - Bacillus
• A01N 63/27 - Pseudomonas
• A01P 21/00 - Plant growth regulators

Abstract

Methods to identify, select, and/or produce enzymes with improved degradation activity to polyethylene terephthalate are provided. In some examples, the methods include expressing a fusion protein comprising a protein of interest linked to a reporter protein in a cell; contacting the fusion protein with a substrate for the protein of interest; detecting a signal from the reporter protein; and detecting degradation of the substrate for the protein of interest, wherein signal from the reporter protein indicates expression of the fusion protein and increased degradation of the substrate compared to a control indicates that the protein of interest has increased PET degradation activity.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/52 - Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper
• C12N 9/14 - Hydrolases (3.)
• G01N 21/64 - FluorescencePhosphorescence

Abstract

Modified leaf-branch compost cutinase (LCC) polypeptides with improved polyethylene terephthalate degrading activity are provided. Nucleic acids and vectors encoding the modified LCC polypeptides are also provided. Also provided are fusion proteins including a LCC polypeptide fused to a reporter protein, such as a green fluorescent protein or portion thereof, and nucleic acids and vectors encoding the fusion proteins.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 11/10 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
• C12N 9/08 - Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase acting on hydrogen peroxide as acceptor (1.11)
• C12N 15/63 - Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectorsVectorsUse of hosts thereforRegulation of expression

Abstract

Modified polyester hydrolase Leipzig #7 (PHL7) polypeptides with improved polyethylene terephthalate degrading activity are provided. Nucleic acids and vectors encoding the modified PHL7 polypeptides are also provided. Also provided are fusion proteins including a PHL7 polypeptide fused to a reporter protein, such as a green fluorescent protein or portion thereof, and nucleic acids and vectors encoding the fusion proteins.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 9/18 - Carboxylic ester hydrolases
• C12N 15/63 - Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectorsVectorsUse of hosts thereforRegulation of expression
• C12P 7/62 - Carboxylic acid esters
• C12Q 1/34 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganismsCompositions thereforProcesses of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase
• B09B 3/60 - Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
• B09B 101/75 - Plastic waste
• C08J 11/10 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation

Abstract

In certain aspects the invention provides HIV-1 immunogens, including HIV-1 envelopes with optimized V2 loop for antibody induction.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/005 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from viruses
• A61K 39/21 - Retroviridae, e.g. equine infectious anemia virus
• A61P 31/18 - Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Abstract

Described are embodiments that include methods, systems, and devices that provide light amplification, amplified spontaneous emission, and lasing with electrically pumped semiconductor nanocrystals including colloidal quantum dots, nanoplatelets, nanorods and nanoparticles of other shapes. Embodiments employ semiconductor nanocrystals with suppressed Auger recombination achieved by means such as size control, hetero-structuring, and grading of the nanocrystal composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
• H01S 3/16 - Solid materials
• H01S 5/10 - Construction or shape of the optical resonator
• H05B 33/06 - Electrode terminals
• H05B 33/14 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material
• H05B 33/20 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the material in which the electroluminescent material is embedded
• H05B 33/26 - Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
• H01L 31/0352 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
• H01M 4/04 - Processes of manufacture in general
• H01S 3/067 - Fibre lasers

Abstract

Embodiments of the disclosure include swellable smart gel sealants and methods of using smart gel sealants. In certain embodiments, the smart gel sealants reversibly swell when exposed to a certain trigger, such as carbonic acid and/or sulfuric acid. In specific embodiments, the smart gel is comprised within a cement composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 24/02 - AlcoholsPhenolsEthers
• C04B 24/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• C09K 8/487 - Fluid loss control additivesAdditives for reducing or preventing circulation loss
• E21B 33/14 - Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
• E21B 47/005 - Monitoring or checking of cementation quality or level

Abstract

In certain aspects the invention provides HIV-1 immunogens, including one or more HIV-1 MPER peptides or HIV-1 envelope protein sequence comprising a MPER peptide for antibody induction. In some embodiments, the one or more HIV-1 MPER peptides or HIV-1 envelope protein sequence comprising a MPER peptide are encoded by mRNAs.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/005 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from viruses
• A61K 39/21 - Retroviridae, e.g. equine infectious anemia virus
• A61P 31/18 - Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Abstract

In certain aspects the invention provides HIV-1 immunogens, including one or more HIV-1 MPER peptides or HIV-1 envelope protein sequence comprising a MPER peptide for antibody induction.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/005 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from viruses
• A61K 39/21 - Retroviridae, e.g. equine infectious anemia virus
• A61P 31/18 - Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Abstract

Disclosed are immunogenic compositions and vaccines containing rationally designed coronavirus Spike proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same that can be administered to treat or inhibit a coronavirus infection. The compositions and vaccines can also be used to produce anti-coronavirus antibodies (e.g., broadly neutralizing anti-coronavirus antibodies), which can also be used for prophylactic or therapeutic purposes in the treatment of a coronavirus infection.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/12 - Viral antigens
• A61K 39/215 - Coronaviridae, e.g. avian infectious bronchitis virus
• A61K 39/295 - Polyvalent viral antigensMixtures of viral and bacterial antigens
• A61K 39/39 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants

Abstract

The invention is directed to modified HIV-1 envelopes, compositions comprising these modified envelopes, nucleic acids encoding these modified envelopes, compositions comprising these nucleic acids, and methods of using these modified HIV-1 envelopes and/or these nucleic acids to induce immune responses.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/12 - Viral antigens
• A61K 39/21 - Retroviridae, e.g. equine infectious anemia virus
• C07K 14/005 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from viruses
• C07K 14/08 - RNA viruses
• C07K 14/155 - Lentiviridae, e.g. human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], visna-maedi virus or equine infectious anaemia virus

Abstract

Provided herein are novel monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments with improved binding to and/or neutralization against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, e.g., Omicron lineages. Also provided are compositions and biosensors comprising the monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments and methods of using the novel monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments for treating, preventing, and diagnosing COVID-19 and detecting SARS- CoV-2.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 16/10 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
• A61P 31/14 - Antivirals for RNA viruses
• G01N 33/569 - ImmunoassayBiospecific binding assayMaterials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies

Abstract

A structure including a substrate and a coating over the substrate is acoustically excited to measure acoustic response in the structure. The measured acoustic response in the structure is filtered to remove acoustic response of the substrate and determine acoustic response of the coating. The acoustic response of the coating is used to inspect the coating for failure.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 29/42 - Detecting the response signal by frequency filtering
• G01N 29/07 - Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
• G01N 29/32 - Arrangements for suppressing undesired influences, e.g. temperature or pressure variations

Abstract

Different frequencies for steady state excitation of the structure may be tested by sweeping over an excitation frequency range. Partial measurements of the responses in the structure at different excitation frequencies may be used to select excitation frequencies, and the selected excitation frequencies may be used to inspect the structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 29/07 - Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
• G01N 29/11 - Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
• G01N 29/46 - Processing the detected response signal by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis
• G01N 29/24 - Probes
• G01V 1/28 - Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
• G01V 1/30 - Analysis
• G06Q 50/00 - Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism

Abstract

Synthetic foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) mosaic polypeptides, and nucleic acid molecules encoding the mosaic polypeptides, are described. When included as part of and FMDV genome, the mosaic polypeptides permit virus replication and assembly into FMDV particles. The mosaic polypeptide and nucleic acid compositions can be used to elicit immune response that provide protection against a broad range of serotype O FMDV strains.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/005 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof from viruses
• A61K 39/135 - Foot-and-mouth disease virus
• A61P 31/14 - Antivirals for RNA viruses
• A61K 38/00 - Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Abstract

A method includes acoustically exciting a rotating component over a range of frequencies. The method further includes measuring the resulting frequency response of the rotating component in response to the acoustic excitation. The method also includes processing the frequency response to determine whether a frequency response has shifted in comparison a prior frequency response. The method includes determining an amount of wear and tear of the rotating component based on the determined shift in the frequency response.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 29/44 - Processing the detected response signal
• G01N 29/14 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
• G01N 29/30 - Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
• G01N 29/46 - Processing the detected response signal by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis

Abstract

A system includes an acoustic transmitter, an acoustic receiver, a memory component, and a processor. The acoustic transmitter transmits an acoustic signal into a material with an unknown moisture level and changes into an acoustic response signal after passing through the material. The acoustic receiver receives the acoustic response signal associated with the material with the unknown moisture level. The memory component stores data comprising moisture levels associated with acoustic speeds of acoustic response signals. The processor is coupled to the acoustic receiver and to the memory and determines a speed of the acoustic response signal associated with the material with the unknown moisture level, and further determines an actual moisture level of the unknown moisture level of the material by associating the speed of the acoustic response signal associated with the material with the unknown moisture level to the data in the memory component.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 19/10 - Measuring moisture content, e.g. by measuring change in length of hygroscopic filamentHygrometers
• G01H 5/00 - Measuring propagation velocity of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
• G01H 17/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
• G01N 29/04 - Analysing solids
• G01N 29/30 - Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
• G01N 29/44 - Processing the detected response signal

Abstract

Systems and devices are disclosed to generate a multidimensional mass fingerprint that allows for identification on a low-resolution mass spectrometer equipped with post-ionization fragmentation. For this approach, rather than interrogating a sample that is processed into peptides using a single high resolution MS scan as in traditional fingerprinting, a raw unprocessed sample (containing all biochemical species; lipids, proteins, peptides, and metabolites) is analyzed by combining Matrix-Assisted Laser Dissociation/Ionization (MALDI) ionization with low resolution tandem mass spectrometry. The proposed system combines improvements in MS hardware and software with state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) approaches to usher in rapid biological detection. This technique does not require any prior separation (liquid or gas chromatography) and is therefore rapid (e.g. less than 5 sec) and amenable to high throughput (e.g. greater than 384 samples/hr).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 59/44 - Separation by mass spectrography
• G01N 30/72 - Mass spectrometers
• H01J 49/00 - Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
• H01J 49/26 - Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
• H01J 49/40 - Time-of-flight spectrometers

Abstract

Disclosed are immunogenic compositions and vaccines containing rationally designed coronavirus Spike proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same that can be administered to treat or inhibit a coronavirus infection. The compositions and vaccines can also be used to produce anti-coronavirus antibodies (e.g., broadly neutralizing anti-coronavirus antibodies), which can also be used for prophylactic or therapeutic purposes in the treatment of a coronavirus infection.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/215 - Coronaviridae, e.g. avian infectious bronchitis virus
• A61K 39/42 - AntibodiesImmunoglobulinsImmune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum viral
• C07K 14/165 - Coronaviridae, e.g. avian infectious bronchitis virus
• C12N 15/86 - Viral vectors
• G01N 33/68 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urineTesting involving biospecific ligand binding methodsImmunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids

Abstract

A system for detecting cracks in an underwater structure can include an acoustic signal transmitter configured to be disposed proximate to, but without physically contacting, the underwater structure, where the acoustic signal transmitter is configured to emit acoustic signals. The system can also include an acoustic field receiver configured to be disposed proximate to, but without physically contacting, the underwater structure, where the acoustic field receiver is configured to receive resulting acoustic fields. The system can further include a controller that is configured to receive the resulting acoustic fields from the acoustic field receiver. The controller can also be configured to analyze the resulting acoustic fields signal. The controller can further be configured to detect, based on analyzing the resulting acoustic fields, a crack in the underwater structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 29/04 - Analysing solids
• G01N 29/34 - Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
• G01N 29/14 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques

Abstract

Provided are graphitic carbon materials and methods of making graphitic carbon materials. Also provided are compositions of the graphitic carbon materials with nanoparticles disposed thereon and methods of making the compositions. Also disclosed are devices utilizing the graphitic carbon materials and/or the compositions. The graphitic carbon materials are porous and have a desirable graphitic content. The graphitic materials may be nitrogen- and/or metal-doped. The nanoparticles may be platinum or platinum/transition metal nanoparticles. The compositions may be used in oxygen reduction reaction applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 31/02 - Preparation of carbon; Purification

Abstract

The invention is directed to mosaic human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 envelopes, and methods of using the same to induce Antibody (Ab)-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses. Specifically, the disclosure provides new mosaic HIV-1 envelope designs, selection of HIV-1 envelopes and combinations thereof; methods of using these envelopes to induce antibody protective responses, wherein the protective responses are associated with ADCC activity. Further provided are mosaic HIV-1 envelope sequences, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polypeptide of any one of the envelopes or a nucleic acid encoding any one of the envelopes disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/21 - Retroviridae, e.g. equine infectious anemia virus
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
• C07K 14/00 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acidsGastrinsSomatostatinsMelanotropinsDerivatives thereof
• C07H 21/04 - Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for processing time series of noisy images of a same area, the method comprising: generating a set of time series of images from an input image time series (RI[t]) by combining by first linear combinations each pixel (PX[i,j]) of each image of the input image time series with selected neighboring pixels in the image and in an adjacent image of the input image time series; applying filtering operations (FPs, s=1-3, 5, 7-11) in cascade to the set, each filtering operation combining each pixel of each image of each time series of the set by second linear combinations with selected neighboring pixels in the image and in an adjacent image in each time series of the set; performing an image combination operation (SLs, s=4, 6) to reduce each time series of the set to a single image; introducing a model image (EM) of the area as a filtered image in the set; and combining each image in the set into an output image (PI), by third linear combinations.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 5/00 - Image enhancement or restoration
• G06T 5/50 - Image enhancement or restoration using two or more images, e.g. averaging or subtraction

Abstract

In certain aspects the invention provides HIV-1 immunogens, including HIV-1 envelopes with optimized V2 loop for antibody induction.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/12 - Viral antigens
• A61K 39/21 - Retroviridae, e.g. equine infectious anemia virus
• A61K 39/295 - Polyvalent viral antigensMixtures of viral and bacterial antigens

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and related hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines. The present disclosure also relates to viral vectors for expressing such polypeptides, and which may be used in HBV vaccines, as well as methods of protecting a subject from HBV infection and methods of treating HBV in a subject comprising administering the polypeptides, vectors, or vaccines described herein. Methods of designing and producing an HBV vaccine comprising designing vaccine antigens to cover the diversity within a geographic area using an antigen amino acid sequence that efficiently covers the epitopes in the HBV genotypes present in the geographic area are also provided herein.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07K 14/02 - Hepadnaviridae, e.g. hepatitis B virus

Abstract

Combinations of multiple analytic techniques may be used to identify changes to a structure based on changes in characteristics of acoustic signals traveling along the structure. Acoustic signals traveling along the structure may be monitored to detect changes in characteristics of the acoustic signal from baseline signal characteristics. The changes in characteristics of the acoustic signals may be processed using multiple analytic techniques to provide analyses of the change in time-domain, in frequency-domain, and in mixed time-frequency-domain. The change to the structure may be identified based on a combination of the results of the analysis in time-domain, in frequency-domain, and in mixed time-frequency-domain.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 29/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
• G01N 29/04 - Analysing solids
• G01N 29/06 - Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
• G01N 29/07 - Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves

Abstract

Various embodiments of the disclosure provide methods using spark plasma sintering (SPS) at moderate temperatures and moderate pressures to fabricate high-density graphite material. The moderate temperatures may be temperatures not exceeding about 1200°C. The moderate pressures may be pressures not exceeding about 300 MPa. The high-density exhibited by the resulting, sintered, high-density graphite material may be greater than about 1.75 g/cm3e.g.e.g., greater than about 2.0 g/cm3).

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 32/21 - After-treatment
• H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
• H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids

Abstract

Structure information for a substance within a volume may be obtained. The structure information may characterize structural non-linearity of the substance within the volume. A structure model for the substance within the volume may be generated based on the structure information and/or other information. The structure model may simulate one or more characteristics of the substance within the volume. Presentation of information on the characteristic(s) of the substance within the volume may be effectuated based on the structure model and/or other information.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/31 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
• G01N 21/17 - Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
• G02B 5/28 - Interference filters
• G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection

Abstract

A practical adaptation and application of a Poisson matrix factorization (PMF) model for binary matrices to scenarios encountered in real-world computer networks is disclosed. Link prediction techniques may extend the PMF model by incorporating node-specific covariates for two sets of nodes in the PMF framework, modeling sparsity on both latent feature matrices, and/or accounting for seasonal effects to predict links. The standard PMF model may therefore be extended in three directions, which may all be implemented simultaneously to produce more accurate inference and prediction. Furthermore, the model may be extended to properly deal with binary edges, where only the existence of an edge is observed rather than an associated count along the edge.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 15/00 - Digital computers in generalData processing equipment in general
• G06N 20/00 - Machine learning

Abstract

Processes for determining whether new subgraphs that are observed locally in dynamic graphs are indicative of anomalous behavior are disclosed. Community models including certain factors, such as the rate of creation of new subgraphs of given structures and labels, may provide a basis for measuring the likelihood of newly observed subgraphs. For instance, edge labels including attributes for these specific shapes, such as port numbers and/or other categories, may differentiate legitimate new local occurrences thereof from those that are anomalous. Such processes may have applications including anomaly detection in computer networks, distributed systems, other patterns of life applications including dynamic graphs (e.g., dynamic directed multi graphs), etc.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/55 - Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures
• G06F 16/28 - Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models

Abstract

Methods for detection, monitoring, and determination of location of changes in rigid structures with arbitrarily complex geometries are described. Implementations include locating acoustic transducers that generate and receive acoustic signals at multiple locations along a surface of the rigid structure, wherein longitudinal spacing between the transducer locations define measurement zones. Acoustic signals with chosen amplitude-time-frequency characteristics excite multiple vibration modes in the structure within each zone. Small mechanical changes in the inspection zones lead to scattering and attenuation of broadband acoustic signals, which are detectable as changes in received signal characteristics as part of a through-transmission technique. Additional use of short, narrowband pulse acoustic signals as part of a pulse-echo technique allows determination of the relative location of the mechanical change within each zone based on the differential delay profiles.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 29/04 - Analysing solids
• G01N 29/11 - Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
• G01N 29/14 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
• G01N 29/24 - Probes
• G10K 11/00 - Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in generalMethods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general

Abstract

Methods for noninvasive determination of acoustical properties of flowing in pipes having a large ratio (>10) of pipe diameter to wall thickness, and in highly attenuating fluids are described. When vibrations are excited on the outer surface of the wall of a pipe, the resulting vibrations propagate directly through the wall In a normal direction and through the pipe wall as guided waves, appearing on the opposite side of the pipe. This dual path propagation through pipes, where guided waves take the circumferential path in the wall of the pipe and may interfere with the time of-flight measurement obtained from the direct path through the fluid, is at least In part resolved by subtracting the signal from the guided wave from the combined signal, thereby permitting improved observation of the direct path propagation through the fluid.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01F 1/66 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
• G01P 5/244 -
• G01N 29/024 - Analysing fluids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves