Different frequencies for steady state excitation of the structure may be tested by sweeping over an excitation frequency range. Partial measurements of the responses in the structure at different excitation frequencies may be used to select excitation frequencies, and the selected excitation frequencies may be used to inspect the structure.
G06Q 50/00 - Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
5.
COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
The invention is directed to modified HIV-1 envelopes, compositions comprising these modified envelopes, nucleic acids encoding these modified envelopes, compositions comprising these nucleic acids, and methods of using these modified HIV-1 envelopes and/or these nucleic acids to induce immune responses.
The present disclosure relates to isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides, and related hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines. The present disclosure also relates to viral vectors for expressing such polypeptides, and which may be used in HBV vaccines, as well as methods of protecting a subject from HBV infection and methods of treating HBV in a subject comprising administering the polypeptides, vectors, or vaccines described herein. Methods of designing and producing an HBV vaccine comprising designing vaccine antigens to cover the diversity within a geographic area using an antigen amino acid sequence that efficiently covers the epitopes in the HBV genotypes present in the geographic area are also provided herein.
Apparatus (10) and methods for measurement of pore pressure in rock formations through a metal borehole casing (32) after a well is cased and cemented, are described. Such measurements may be accomplished by using the Dynamic Acoustic Elasticity (DAE) method for characterizing nonlinear parameters by perturbing a selected rock formation region with a High Amplitude, Low Frequency (HALF) acoustic strain wave, and probing this region using a Low Amplitude, High Frequency (LAHF) acoustic wave (18), (22). Time reversal techniques (36) may be employed for focusing acoustic energy into the formation in the vicinity of the pipe or open hole. The change in wave speed of the probe pulses as the HALF induced strain wave oscillation propagates through the formation, as a function of the induced strain, may be used to determine the nonlinear elastic parameters a, ß, d, and A of the pore pressure, from which the pore pressure may be determined in the region of the HALF wave.
E21B 49/00 - Testing the nature of borehole wallsFormation testingMethods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
G01H 5/00 - Measuring propagation velocity of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
G01N 15/08 - Investigating permeability, pore volume, or surface area of porous materials
G01N 29/024 - Analysing fluids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
9.
DOWNHOLE NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS MEASUREMENTS IN ROCK FORMATIONS USING DYNAMIC ACOUSTIC ELASTICITY AND TIME REVERSAL
Apparatus and methods for measurement of pore pressure in rock formations through an open, or cemented and/or cased, borehole ar described. Such measurements are achieved using the Dynamic Acoustic Elasticity (DAE) method for characterizing nonlinear parameters by perturbing a selected rock formation volume with a High Amplitude, Low Frequency (HALF) acoustic strain wave, and probing this volume using a Low Amplitude, High Frequency (LAHF) acoustic wave. Time reversal techniques may be employed for focusing acoustic energy Into the formation in the vicinity of the pipe or open hole.
An apparatus (10) and method for performing nonlinear elasticity measurements using the dynamic acousto-elasticity technique (DAET) at simulated subsurface conditions in the laboratory, are described. The current state-of-the-art for measuring nonlinear elasticity parameters using DAET is limited to ambient pressure conditions on the bench-top. The present invention permits nonlinear parameter measurements at controlled sample internal fluid pore pressures (52) and external confining stress (44), (50) conditions.
E21B 44/00 - Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systemsSystems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
E21B 49/00 - Testing the nature of borehole wallsFormation testingMethods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
E21B 49/02 - Testing the nature of borehole wallsFormation testingMethods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
G01N 3/40 - Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
G01N 3/42 - Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
G01N 3/46 - Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid the indentors performing a scratching movement
G01N 15/08 - Investigating permeability, pore volume, or surface area of porous materials
11.
TIME-REVERSED NONLINEAR ACOUSTICS FOR DOWNHOLE PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS
Apparatus (10) and methods for combining time reversal and elastic nonlinearity of formation materials for qualtitatively probing for over-pressured regions down hole in advance of a well drilling bit, to determine the distance to the over-pressured region, and for accurately measuring pore pressure downhole in a formation, are described. Classical and reciprocal time reversal methods may be utilized to achieve these measurements.
In certain aspects the invention provides HIV-1 immunogens, including HIV-1 envelope selections from individual CH505, and methods for swarm immunizations using combinations of HIV-1 envelopes.
It is provided a selection of immunogens which are used to induce V3 antibodies. In some embodiments, the immunogens include a homogeneous minimal immunogen with high mannose glycans reflective of a native Env V3-glycan bnAb epitope, (Man9-V3). In some embodiments, the immunogens include a homogeneous minimal immunogen without glycans. Furthermore, recombinant HIV-1 envelope polypeptide, wherein die polypeptide comprises the amino acid 25- 648 of SEQ ID NO: 483, or wherein the polypeptide comprises amino acids 25-648 of SEQ ID NO 491 are provided.
Random number generators include a thermal optical source and detector configured to produce random numbers based on quantum-optical intensity fluctuations. An optical flux is detected, and signals proportional to optical intensity and a delayed optical intensity are combined. The combined signals can be electrical signals or optical signals, and the optical source is selected so as to have low coherence over a predetermined range of delay times. Balanced optical detectors can be used to reduce common mode noise, and in some examples, the optical flux is directed to only one of a pair of balanced detectors.
Apparatus for radioisotope production includes housing, a plurality of target disks inside the housing and a curved windows positioned convex inward toward the disks. During operation, coolant flows though the housing across the disks and windows while electron beams passes through the window and the disks. The window temperature increases, rising the fastest in the middle of the window where the electron beam hits the window. A flat window would buckle because the center would deform during thermal expansion against the relatively unaffected periphery, but the curved window shape allows the window to endure high thermal and mechanical stress created by a combination of heating from the electron beam(s) and elevated pressure from coolant on the inside of the window. Such a window may be used for applications in which a pressurized coolant acts on only one side of the window.
G21G 1/10 - Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation, or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes outside of nuclear reactors or particle accelerators by bombardment with electrically-charged particles
G21K 5/08 - Holders for targets or for objects to be irradiated
H05H 6/00 - Targets for producing nuclear reactions
16.
HIV VACCINES COMPRISING ONE OR MORE POPULATION EPISENSUS ANTIGENS
Provided herein are HIV-1 vaccines comprising a carrier and a population episensus antigen determined using the EpiGraph approach. Also provided are HIV-1 vaccines comprising a carrier, a population episensus antigen, and a tailored antigen. Also provided are methods of designing and producing an HIV-1 vaccine for a subject comprising designing vaccine antigens to optimally cover the diversity within a geographic area using an antigen amino acid sequence generated using the EpiGraph approach, and producing said designed vaccine antigen. Also provided are methods of inducing an effector memory T cell response comprising designing the one or more EpiGraph amino acid sequences, producing a vaccine comprising the one or more EpiGraph amino acid sequences and a vector, and administering the vaccine to a subject. Further provided are methods of treating HIV-1 in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of the described HIV-1 vaccines to the subject in need thereof.
In certain aspects the invention provides HIV-1 immunogens, including envelopes (CH505) and selections therefrom, and methods for swarm immunizations using combinations of HIV-1 envelopes.
IIONIC LIQUIDS FOR TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY ABSTRACT The compositions and methods described herein are topically applied to the skin with negligible or no skin irritation and can direct or prevent transport through the skin. The compositions contain neat ionic liquids, optionally in combination with a drug to be delivered. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions increase transdermal transport of the drug to be delivered. In some embodiments, the compositions disrupt bacterial biofilms. This is particularly beneficial in the treatment of antibiotic resistant skin infections. In other embodiments, the compositions direct delivery within the skin. In still other embodiments, the compositions prevent transfer of substances through the stratum corneum. The disclosed compositions and methods can be tuned and modified such that they can be used to treat or prevent a variety of different diseases and disorders.
A61K 45/08 - Mixtures of an active ingredient and an auxiliary substance neither being chemically characterised, e.g. antihistaminicum and surface active substance
A61K 47/12 - Carboxylic acidsSalts or anhydrides thereof
Security is increased in quantum communication (QC) systems lacking a true single-photon laser source by encoding a transmitted optical signal with two or more decoy-states. A variable attenuator or amplitude modulator randomly imposes average photon values onto the optical signal based on data input and the predetermined decoy-states. By measuring and comparing photon distributions for a received QC signal, a single -photon transmittance is estimated. Fiber birefringence is compensated by applying polarization modulation. A transmitter can be configured to transmit in conjugate polarization bases whose states of polarization (SOPs) can be represented as equidistant points on a great circle on the Poincaré sphere so that the received SOPs are mapped to equidistant points on a great circle and routed to corresponding detectors. Transmitters are implemented in quantum communication cards and can be assembled from micro-optical components, or transmitter components can be fabricated as part of a monolithic or hybrid chip- scale circuit.
Multi-factor authentication using quantum communication ("QC") includes stages for enrollment and identification. For example, a user enrolls for multi-factor authentication that uses QC with a trusted authority. The trusted authority transmits device factor information associated with a user device (such as a hash function) and user factor information associated with the user (such as an encrypted version of a user password). The user device receivesand stores the device factor information and user factor information. For multi-factor authentication that uses QC, the user device retrieves its stored device factor information and user factor information, then transmits the user factor information to the trustedauthority, which also retrieves its stored device factor information. The user device and trusted authority use the device factor information and user factor information (more specifically, information such as a user password that is the basis of the user factor information) in multi-factor authentication that uses QC.
G06F 7/00 - Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
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