Abstract

222.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• B01D 53/047 - Pressure swing adsorption
• B01D 53/26 - Drying gases or vapours

Abstract

A thin-film composite membrane incorporating a gas separation layer from a polyphenylene ionomer, a nonporous high-diffusion rate layer, and a porous layer support is disclosed. The thin-film composite membrane may be used in a process to separate carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, or an alkene from a mixture with a less permeable component in a gaseous feed stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 71/44 - Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups

Abstract

An improved method for humidification of a facilitated-transport membrane incorporates delivering a non-selective hydration fluid incorporating liquid water to a permeate side of a pressure vessel containing the facilitated transport membrane. The non-selective hydration fluid includes water and may be configured on the permeate side interface of the facilitated-transport membrane as a liquid or a gas. A process for separation of components in a gaseous mixture utilizing the method for humidification produces higher permeation of gasses through the facilitated transport membrane. The non-selective hydration fluid may be static or flowing and is non-selective for the permeance of certain permeate-gas components over other components.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 65/00 - Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 63/10 - Spiral-wound membrane modules
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation

Abstract

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for separating an olefin from a paraffin. The systems and methods can include enriching an olefin from a feedstock comprising an olefin and a paraffin using a distillation column. The present disclosure also provides systems and methods for producing a polyolefin which can include separating un-reacted olefin from a reactor purge stream using a facilitated transport membrane. Among other advantages, the systems and methods described herein can increase overall polyolefin production from a factory, produce a paraffin-rich product, reduce energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions associated with a splitter column, and change the energy mixture for separation toward electrical energy.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• B01D 63/02 - Hollow fibre modules
• C08F 10/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• C08F 10/02 - Ethene
• C08F 10/06 - Propene
• C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by distillation
• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
• C07C 9/02 - Acyclic saturated hydrocarbons with one to four carbon atoms
• C07C 9/08 - Propane
• C07C 11/02 - Alkenes
• C07C 11/06 - Propene

Goods & Services

Membranes for the separation of gases and/or liquids; membranes for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membranes for the separation of gases and/or liquids for decarbonization purposes; membranes for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membranes for the separation of olefins from paraffins; membranes for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membranes for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions. Membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids for decarbonization purposes; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of olefins from paraffins; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions. Maintenance services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; maintenance services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; maintenance services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; maintenance services in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions. Carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; carbon capture services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; carbon capture services in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions. Engineering and design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; engineering and design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; engineering and design services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; engineering and design services in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; monitoring of industrial processes in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; monitoring of industrial processes in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; monitoring of industrial processes in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; monitoring of industrial processes in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions.

Abstract

In an aspect, provided herein is an improved thin-film composite membrane and gas-separation processes using the composite membrane. The composite membrane incorporates a gutter layer from a polymer material selected from a substituted polyacetylene, an addition-polymerized and substituted polynorbornene, or an addition-polymerized and substituted polytricyclononene. The gutter layer provides improved adhesion with a gas-separation layer incorporating a fluorinated ionomer.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 63/10 - Spiral-wound membrane modules
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 71/34 - Polyvinylidene fluoride
• B01D 71/36 - Polytetrafluoroethene
• B01D 71/44 - Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups
• B01D 71/70 - Polymers having silicon in the main chain, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only

Abstract

A fluorinated copolymer having pendant amide functionality is disclosed in an aspect herein. A membrane from the fluorinated copolymer having at least some of the pendant amide functionality hydrolyzed to pendant amine functionality is highly permeable to carbon dioxide and can be useful in the gas-separation layer of a thin-film composite membrane for the separation of carbon dioxide from nitrogen or methane.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/10 - Supported membranesMembrane supports
• C08F 226/02 - Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a single or double bond to nitrogen
• C08F 226/10 - N-Vinyl-pyrrolidone
• C08F 234/02 - Copolymers of cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a heterocyclic ring in a ring containing oxygen

Abstract

Provided herein are systems and methods for controlling a membrane-based separation process. The systems and methods can comprise, by one or more computing devices: receiving a product concentration, which product is produced by a process comprising a membrane separation, which process is operated at a first set of operating conditions; optionally calculating a membrane performance parameter based at least in part on the first set of operating conditions; calculating a second set of operating conditions based at least in part on the membrane performance parameter and a model of the process, such that operation of the process at the second set of operating conditions is expected to produce the product within a desired concentration range; and communicating the second set of operating conditions to the process.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/22 - Controlling or regulating
• B01D 61/58 - Multistep processes

Goods & Services

Polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids for decarbonization purposes; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquid membranes, specifically the separation of olefins from paraffins; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids, specifically, membranes for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; carbon capture services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; carbon capture services in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids for decarbonization purposes; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of olefins from paraffins; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions

Abstract

Disclosed herein is an integrated membrane separation unit having improved separation performance and incorporating a membrane module incorporating a hydrophilic membrane, a heat transfer module, and a sweep module containing water and water vapor. The sweep module can be configured to supply a sweep stream containing water vapor from derived from the water to a permeate side of the membrane module. The temperature of the water can be maintained though contact with the heat transfer module and heat transfer from an incoming gas stream or a humid feed stream to the water.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion

Goods & Services

Carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; carbon capture services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; carbon capture services in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids for decarbonization purposes; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of olefins from paraffins; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases and/or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids for decarbonization purposes; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquid membranes, specifically the separation of olefins from paraffins; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids, specifically, membranes for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions

Goods & Services

Polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids for decarbonization purposes; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquid membranes, specifically the separation of olefins from paraffins; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids, specifically, membranes for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; carbon capture services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; carbon capture services in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids for decarbonization purposes; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of olefins from paraffins; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions

Goods & Services

Polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids for decarbonization purposes; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquid membranes, specifically the separation of olefins from paraffins; polymeric membranes in chemical form for the separation of gases and/or liquids, specifically, membranes for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; carbon capture services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; carbon capture services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; carbon capture services in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids for decarbonization purposes; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of olefins from paraffins; membrane apparatus for the separation of gases or liquids, namely, membrane apparatus for the separation of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; maintenance of membrane apparatus in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions Custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; custom engineering and design of membrane apparatus in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of gas and/or liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; industrial research and industrial design services in the field of reducing carbon dioxide emissions; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of gas and liquid separation for decarbonization purposes; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of separating olefins from paraffins; monitoring of membrane apparatus in the field of separating carbon dioxide from industrial emissions

Abstract

A method for removing ethylene from the atmosphere surrounding an agricultural product that is sensitive to ethylene, which promotes climacteric ripening and senescence, is disclosed. The method uses a membrane for selective ethylene permeation and removal from a container that is used to store, transport, and preserve the agricultural product.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 71/66 - Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• A23B 7/148 - Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by group or in the form of gases, e.g. fumigationCompositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
• B01D 71/02 - Inorganic material

Abstract

Provided herein are systems and methods for controlling a membrane-based separation process. The systems and methods can comprise, by one or more computing devices: receiving a product concentration, which product is produced by a process comprising a membrane separation, which process is operated at a first set of operating conditions; optionally calculating a membrane performance parameter based at least in part on the first set of operating conditions; calculating a second set of operating conditions based at least in part on the membrane performance parameter and a model of the process, such that operation of the process at the second set of operating conditions is expected to produce the product within a desired concentration range; and communicating the second set of operating conditions to the process.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/12 - Controlling or regulating
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 53/30 - Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
• B01D 61/22 - Controlling or regulating

Abstract

In an aspect, provided herein is an improved thin-film composite membrane and gas-separation processes using the composite membrane. The composite membrane incorporates a gutter layer from a polymer material selected from a substituted polyacetylene, an addition-polymerized and substituted polynorbornene, or an addition-polymerized and substituted polytricyclononene. The gutter layer provides improved adhesion with a gas-separation layer incorporating a fluorinated ionomer.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 71/44 - Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups
• B01D 71/70 - Polymers having silicon in the main chain, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
• B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment

Abstract

In an aspect, provided herein is an improved thin-film composite membrane and gas-separation processes using the composite membrane. The composite membrane incorporates a gutter layer from a polymer material selected from a substituted polyacetylene, an addition-polymerized and substituted polynorbornene, or an addition-polymerized and substituted polytricyclononene. The gutter layer provides improved adhesion with a gas-separation layer incorporating a fluorinated ionomer.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 71/44 - Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups
• B01D 71/70 - Polymers having silicon in the main chain, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
• B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment

Abstract

A humidification and selective permeation module in which humidification of a gaseous feed stream and selective permeation of components in the gaseous feed stream using a facilitated-transport membrane occurs within the same unit operation is disclosed. A process for separation of components in a gaseous feed stream using the humidification and permeation module combines continuous humidification of the feed stream and selective permeation using the facilitated-transport membrane.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 63/02 - Hollow fibre modules
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation

Abstract

A fluorinated copolymer having pendant amide functionality is disclosed in an aspect herein. A membrane from the fluorinated copolymer having at least some of the pendant amide functionality hydrolyzed to pendant amine functionality is highly permeable to carbon dioxide and can be useful in the gas-separation layer of a thin-film composite membrane for the separation of carbon dioxide from nitrogen or methane.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• C08F 8/12 - Hydrolysis
• C08F 226/02 - Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a single or double bond to nitrogen

Abstract

Novel copolymers that are fluoropolymers including a first repeat unit that is fluorinated and cyclic and a second repeat unit from a trifluorovinyl methylene ether monomer having sulfur or sulfone functionality in the pendant group are disclosed. The copolymers have relatively high gas permeability as a result of a cyclic repeat unit in the copolymer backbone and ionomers from oxidation of the sulfur containing functionality are particularity useful in the cathode structure of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 216/14 - Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
• B01D 71/44 - Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups
• H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]

Abstract

A method for removing ethylene from the atmosphere surrounding an agricultural product that is sensitive to ethylene, which promotes climacteric ripening and senescence, is disclosed. The method uses a membrane for selective ethylene permeation and removal from a container that is used to store, transport, and preserve the agricultural product.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 71/66 - Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only

Abstract

An improved method for humidification of a facilitated-transport membrane incorporates delivering a non-selective hydration fluid incorporating liquid water to a permeate side of a pressure vessel containing the facilitated transport membrane. The non-selective hydration fluid includes water and may be configured on the permeate side interface of the facilitated-transport membrane as a liquid or a gas. A process for separation of components in a gaseous mixture utilizing the method for humidification produces higher permeation of gasses through the facilitated transport membrane. The non-selective hydration fluid may be static or flowing and is non-selective for the permeance of certain permeate-gas components over other components.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 65/00 - Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 63/10 - Spiral-wound membrane modules
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation

Abstract

A humidification and selective permeation module in which humidification of a gaseous feed stream and selective permeation of components in the gaseous feed stream using a facilitated-transport membrane occurs within the same unit operation is disclosed. A process for separation of components in a gaseous feed stream using the humidification and permeation module combines continuous humidification of the feed stream and selective permeation using the facilitated-transport membrane.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 63/02 - Hollow fibre modules
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• F24F 6/00 - Air-humidification
• H01M 8/04 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids

Abstract

A humidification and selective permeation module in which humidification of a gaseous feed stream and selective permeation of components in the gaseous feed stream using a facilitated-transport membrane occurs within the same unit operation is disclosed. A process for separation of components in a gaseous feed stream using the humidification and permeation module combines continuous humidification of the feed stream and selective permeation using the facilitated-transport membrane.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 63/02 - Hollow fibre modules
• H01M 8/04 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids

Abstract

Novel copolymers that are fluoropolymers including a first repeat unit that is fluorinated and cyclic and a second repeat unit from a trifluorovinyl methylene ether monomer having sulfur or sulfone functionality in the pendant group are disclosed. The copolymers have relatively high gas permeability as a result of a cyclic repeat unit in the copolymer backbone and ionomers from oxidation of the sulfur containing functionality are particularity useful in the cathode structure of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 41/12 - Macromolecular compounds
• C08F 216/14 - Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
• C09D 129/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated ethers
• H01M 8/1039 - Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides

Abstract

This invention discloses a thin-film composite membrane and process for the separation of carbon dioxide from non-hydrophilic gases such as methane, hydrogen, and nitrogen. The thin-film composite membrane has a gas-separation layer and a nonporous high-diffusion-rate layer, and has carbon dioxide to non-hydrophilic gas selectivity that is greater than the intrinsic selectivity of the gas-separation layer alone.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 69/10 - Supported membranesMembrane supports
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 71/36 - Polytetrafluoroethene

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for separation of an aromatic compound from a mixture comprising an alkane using an improved thin-film composite membrane. The membrane is particularly useful for separation of benzene from cyclohexane, which have similar boiling points. The membrane comprises a more mechanically durable and defect-free separation layer as a result of its fabrication from an ionomer solution that is substantially free of dissolved ionic species not associated with the ionomer.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 71/36 - Polytetrafluoroethene
• B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
• B01D 69/10 - Supported membranesMembrane supports

Abstract

An improved method for humidification of a facilitated-transport membrane incorporates delivering a non-selective hydration fluid incorporating liquid water to a permeate side of a pressure vessel containing the facilitated transport membrane. The non-selective hydration fluid includes water and may be configured on the permeate side interface of the facilitated-transport membrane as a liquid or a gas. A process for separation of components in a gaseous mixture utilizing the method for humidification produces higher permeation of gasses through the facilitated transport membrane. The non-selective hydration fluid may be static or flowing and is non-selective for the permeance of certain permeate-gas components over other components.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/38 - Liquid-membrane separation
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/14 - Dynamic membranes

Abstract

This invention discloses an improved thin-film composite membrane and processes that use the membrane for the separation of gaseous mixtures that include an alkene. The membrane is particularly useful for separation of alkenes from alkanes or the separation of alkenes from other non-hydrocarbon gases. The membrane has a more mechanically durable and defect-free gas-separation layer that is fabricated from an ionomer solution that is substantially free of dissolved ionic species not associated with the ionomer and the mean helium permeability of the thin-film composite membrane is less than two times greater than the intrinsic helium permeability of the gas-separation layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 71/36 - Polytetrafluoroethene
• B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
• B01D 69/10 - Supported membranesMembrane supports

Abstract

Separation of linear and branched alkane isomers via selective permeation through a composite membrane is disclosed. The separation layer in the composite membrane is fabricated from a blend of at least two different fluoropolymer compositions, A and B, in which composition A has a normal-alkane isomer permeability that is greater than composition B. Composition B has a normal alkane to branched-alkane isomer selectivity that is equal or greater than composition A. The separation layer in the composite membrane has a normal-alkane permeability that is greater than composition B and a normal-alkane to branched alkane isomer selectivity that is greater than composition A.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 71/58 - Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 61/00 - Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltrationApparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• C08L 27/18 - Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
• C08L 37/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a heterocyclic ring containing oxygenCompositions of derivatives of such polymers

Abstract

This invention discloses a thin-film composite thin-film composite membrane that is useful for the separation of solute species in organic solvents and particularly in aggressive, high boiling-point, polar-aprotic solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide, (DMSO), N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF). Thin-film composite separation performance and durability is greatly enhanced through electrostatic crosslinking of an ionomer selective layer by incorporation of a multi-valent counter-ion. The thin-film composite is resistant to contact with amines and the separation efficiency is tunable by choice of multi-valent counter-ion or through the applied pressure differential across the membrane.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/02 - Reverse osmosisHyperfiltration
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms

Abstract

This invention discloses a thin-film composite membrane and process for the separation of carbon dioxide from non-hydrophilic gases such as methane, hydrogen, and nitrogen. The thin-film composite membrane has a gas-separation layer and a nonporous high-diffusion-rate layer, and has carbon dioxide to non-hydrophilic gas selectivity that is greater than the intrinsic selectivity of the gas-separation layer alone.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 71/38 - PolyalkenylalcoholsPolyalkenylestersPolyalkenylethersPolyalkenylaldehydesPolyalkenylketonesPolyalkenylacetalsPolyalkenylketals

Abstract

Silver ionomers of fluorinated polymers are useful for separating alkenes from other compounds such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and methane. In many instances the selectivities between the alkenes and other compounds are very high. These membranes are useful to recover alkenes and other gaseous compounds from processes in which an alkene is a starting material or product.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/10 - Supported membranesMembrane supports
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 71/36 - Polytetrafluoroethene
• B01D 71/76 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups
• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation

Abstract

1 is a linear or branched alkyl group of from 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• C08F 214/18 - Monomers containing fluorine
• C07C 17/38 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
• B01D 71/76 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
• B01D 71/52 - Polyethers

Abstract

Composite membranes comprised of at least two layers, one of the layers being a silver ionomer and a second layer which is a fluorinated polymer with certain permeability properties, are especially useful for the separation of alkanes from alkenes, Particularly useful is a three-layer composite membrane in which a porous layer is laminated to the second layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• B32B 3/26 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layerLayered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids
• C08F 4/34 - Per-compounds with one peroxy-radical
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 71/26 - Polyalkenes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 71/34 - Polyvinylidene fluoride
• B01D 71/76 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups
• B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
• B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
• B32B 27/20 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
• B32B 27/28 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following subgroups
• B32B 27/32 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
• C08G 61/10 - Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes
• C08F 214/20 - Vinyl fluoride
• C08F 214/26 - Tetrafluoroethene
• C08F 216/14 - Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical

Abstract

Membranes having a permselective active layer of a copolymerized perfluorinated monomer and an non-fluorinated alkylvinylester monomer demonstrate superior selective permeability performance for separating gas mixtures compared to membranes of exclusively perfluorinated polymers. Preferred active layer compositions are copolymers of perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3 dioxole (PDD) copolymerized with an alkylvinyl ester such as vinyl acetate, and vinyl pivalate, and with alkylvinyl esters that are substantially hydrolyzed to provide copolymerized vinyl alcohol functionality. The membranes can have a thin, high diffusion rate, "gutter layer" of a fluorinated polymer highly permeable to nitrogen positioned between the active layer and a porous support layer. A novel copolymer effective in selectively permeable membranes is a copolymer of PDD and an alkylvinyl ester compound having the formula H2C=CHOC(0)R1 in which R1 is a linear or branched alkyl group of from 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/38 - Liquid-membrane separation
• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
• C07C 21/18 - Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds containing fluorine
• C08F 214/26 - Tetrafluoroethene
• C08K 5/02 - Halogenated hydrocarbons

Abstract

lonomers of Group 11 metals which include repeat units from vinylidene fluoride, can separate alkenes from alkanes when comprising a layer of a membrane. These membranes have excellent permeability and/or selectivity for alkenes in the separation of alkenes from alkanes.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 214/22 - Vinylidene fluoride
• C08F 14/18 - Monomers containing fluorine
• C08F 14/22 - Vinylidene fluoride

Abstract

Described herein are copolymers derived from certain perfluorinated sulfonyl fluoride monomers, cyclic or cyclizable perfluorinated monomers, and one or both of ethylene and/or vinyl fluoride. Group 11 metal sulfonate ionomers of these copolymers, especially silver ionomers, are useful in membranes which separate olefins from alkanes.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
• B01D 69/14 - Dynamic membranes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms

Abstract

Alkenes may be separated from alkanes using membranes of Group 11 metal ionomers of sulfonic acid group containing polymers, and the useful lifetime of these membranes is increased by passing the mixture containing the alkanes and alkenes over and/or through a material which reduces H2S concentrations in the feed stream before exposing the membrane to the feed stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
• B01J 39/18 - Macromolecular compounds
• B01J 47/12 - Ion-exchange processes in generalApparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 53/52 - Hydrogen sulfide
• B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus

Abstract

Improved membranes which can separate alkanes and alkenes, and have at least one layer of a Group 11 metal ionomer, are made by exposing the ionomer to a strong Bronsted acid having a pKa of about 1 or less. The membranes have longer useful lives and have better initial permeances of alkenes.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
• B01J 39/18 - Macromolecular compounds
• B01J 47/12 - Ion-exchange processes in generalApparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 53/52 - Hydrogen sulfide
• B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus

Abstract

Composite membranes comprised of at least two layers, one of the layers being a silver ionomer and a second layer which is a fluorinated polymer with certain permeability properties, are especially useful for the separation of alkanes from alkenes, Particularly useful is a three-layer composite membrane in which a porous layer is laminated to the second layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
• B01D 69/12 - Composite membranesUltra-thin membranes
• B01D 69/10 - Supported membranesMembrane supports
• B01J 47/12 - Ion-exchange processes in generalApparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
• B01D 71/06 - Organic material
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion

Abstract

3H). The highly fluorinated polymer can be used to advantage in a solution comprising an aprotic, polar organic solvent that has a dielectric constant of at least 15 and preferably is free of hydroxyl functional groups. Suitable solvents are those in which the polymer is soluble to at least 1 wt %. Hydroxyl group-containing protic, polar organic solvents are less preferred. The highly fluorinated polymer can be an effective heterogeneous catalysts when used in form of solid, fine particles insolubly suspended in or in contact with a fluid reaction mass.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 493/00 - Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
• B01J 31/06 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
• C07D 493/04 - Ortho-condensed systems
• C07C 213/00 - Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton

Abstract

A membrane separation process using a highly fluorinated polymer membrane that selectively permeates water of an aqueous ionic liquid solution to provide dry ionic liquid. Preferably the polymer is a polymer that includes polymerized perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole (PDD). The process is also capable of removing small molecular compounds such as organic solvents that can be present in the solution. This membrane separation process is suitable for drying the aqueous ionic liquid byproduct from precipitating solutions of biomass dissolved in ionic liquid, and is thus instrumental to providing usable lignocellulosic products for energy consumption and other industrial uses in an environmentally benign manner.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 9/54 - Quaternary phosphonium compounds
• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• B01D 71/80 - Block polymers
• B01D 71/36 - Polytetrafluoroethene
• C07D 233/58 - Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms
• C07D 213/18 - Salts thereof
• C07C 209/86 - Separation
• C07D 207/06 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with radicals, containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
• C07C 213/10 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
• C07C 261/04 - Cyanamides
• C07C 303/44 - SeparationPurification

Abstract

- 25 -ABSTRACTA metal exchanged fluorinated ionomer is a copolymer minimally including repeating units of (i) a polymerized derivative of a perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable monomer and (ii) a strong acid highly fluorinated vinylether compound in which the acid moiety is exchanged with a cation of a Group 11 metal. Metal exchanged fluorinated ionomers are readily soluble and can be formed into thin, selectively gas permeable membranes by solution deposition methods. These membranes are suitable for separating olefins from gas olefin/paraffin mixtures. Good selectivity and transmembrane flux can be obtained without humidifying the membrane feed gas mixture.Date Recue/Date Received 2020-10-13

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 47/12 - Ion-exchange processes in generalApparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
• C08J 5/20 - Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
• C08L 29/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated ethers
• C08L 37/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a heterocyclic ring containing oxygenCompositions of derivatives of such polymers

Abstract

A metal exchanged fluorinated ionomer is a copolymer minimally including repeating units of (i) a polymerized derivative of a perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable monomer and (ii) a strong acid highly fluorinated vinylether compound in which the acid moiety is exchanged with a cation of a Group 11 metal. Metal exchanged fluorinated ionomers are readily soluble and can be formed into thin, selectively gas permeable membranes by solution deposition methods. These membranes are suitable for separating olefins from gas olefin/paraffin mixtures. Good selectivity and transmembrane flux can be obtained without humidifying the membrane feed gas mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 14/16 - Monomers containing bromine or iodine
• B01D 15/00 - Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbentsApparatus therefor
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion

Abstract

A metal exchanged fluorinated ionomer is a copolymer minimally including repeating units of (i) a polymerized derivative of a perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable monomer and (ii) a strong acid highly fluorinated vinylether compound in which the acid moiety is exchanged with a cation of a Group 11 metal. Metal exchanged fluorinated ionomers are readily soluble and can be formed into thin, selectively gas permeable membranes by solution deposition methods. These membranes are suitable for separating olefins from gas olefin/paraffin mixtures. Good selectivity and transmembrane flux can be obtained without humidifying the membrane feed gas mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 47/12 - Ion-exchange processes in generalApparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
• B01J 41/14 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
• B01J 39/20 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
• C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 71/76 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups
• B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 71/52 - Polyethers

Abstract

A system for providing nitrogen enriched air (NEA) from ambient air uses at least two gas separation membranes that are selectively gas permeable for oxygen and nitrogen. The oxygen/nitrogen selectivity and oxygen permeance of two of the membranes are different such that (1) the selectivity of first membrane is less than the second membrane and the oxygen permeance of first membrane is greater than the second membrane, or (2) the selectivity of first membrane is greater than the second membrane and the oxygen permeance of first membrane is less than the second membrane. The system is very compact, is energy efficient, and highly effective for generating NEA. It is ideally suited for mobile, remote and specialized end use applications, such as automotive vehicles, marine vessels, off-shore platform fuel storage and especially for supplying NEA to blanket ullage of onboard aircraft fuel storage tanks.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
• C01B 21/04 - Purification or separation of nitrogen

Abstract

A method of removing water from fluid mixtures of the water with other compounds uses selective vapor permeation or pervaporation of the water, as the case may be, from the mixture through a membrane having an amorphous perfluoropolymer selectively permeable layer. The novel process can be applied in such exemplary embodiments as (a) removing water from mixtures of compounds that have relative volatility of about 1-1.1 or that form azeotropic mixtures with water, (b) the dehydration of hydrocarbon oil such as hydraulic fluid to concentrations of water less than about 50 ppm, (c) removing water byproduct of reversible chemical equilibrium reactions to favor high conversion of reactants to desirable products, (d) drying ethanol to less than 0.5 wt. % water as can be used in fuel for internal combustion engines, and (e) controlling the water content to optimum concentration in enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions carried out in organic media.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 61/36 - PervaporationMembrane distillationLiquid permeation
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis

Abstract

Separation of the components of liquid mixtures is achieved by contacting a liquid mixture with a nonporous membrane having a fluoropolymer selectively permeable layer and imposing a pressure gradient across the membrane from feed side to permeate side. Unusually high transmembrane flux is obtained when the membrane is subjected to one or more process conditions prior to separation. These include (a) leaving some residual amount of membrane casting solvent in the membrane, and (b) contacting the membrane with a component of the mixture to be separated for a duration effective to saturate the membrane with the component.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 39/00 - Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
• B01D 39/14 - Other self-supporting filtering material
• B29C 39/00 - Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressureApparatus therefor
• B01D 29/46 - Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces of flat, stacked bodies
• B01D 71/32 - Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
• B01D 61/02 - Reverse osmosisHyperfiltration
• B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
• B01D 71/36 - Polytetrafluoroethene

Abstract

A method of removing water and/or methanol from fluid mixtures of the water or methanol with other compounds uses vapor permeation or pervaporation of the water or methanol, as the case may be, from the mixture through a membrane having an amorphous perfluoropolymer selectively permeable layer. The novel process can be applied in such exemplary embodiments as (a) removing water or methanol from mixtures of compounds that have relative volatility of about 1-1.1 or that form azeotropic mixtures with water or methanol, (b) the dehydration of hydrocarbon oil such as hydraulic fluid to concentrations of water less than about 50 ppm, (c) removing water and methanol byproducts of reversible chemical reactions thereby shifting equilibrium to favor high conversion of reactants to desirable products, (d) drying ethanol to less than 0.5 wt. % water as can be used in fuel for internal combustion engines, and (e) controlling the water content to optimum concentration in enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions carried out in organic media.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis