The present disclosure relates generally to processes and systems for dehydrogenating alkanes. The present disclosure relates specifically to processes and systems for dehydrogenating alkanes in which catalyst beds can be cooled rapidly to prevent runaway.
The present disclosure relates generally to processes and systems for dehydrogenating alkanes. The present disclosure relates specifically to processes and systems for dehydrogenating alkanes in which catalyst beds can be cooled rapidly to prevent runaway. In one aspect, a dehydrogenation process includes, when the temperature of at least one of the hybrid catalyst beds becomes higher than a first threshold value during a number of consecutive cycles greater than a second threshold value, reducing the temperature of the oxygen-containing stream by at least 50° C., the reduction of temperature occurring with a temperature drop of at least 50° C. within three minutes.
C07C 5/32 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
3.
Modified ZSM-5 catalyst for converting light hydrocarbons to liquid fuels
Methods for modifying a ZSM-5 zeolite by contacting the zeolite with an alkaline solution prior to combining with a binder material to produce a modified ZSM-5 catalyst extrudate that has substantially longer catalyst life, relative to an untreated ZSM-5 catalyst, for converting light olefins to products that may be used as a liquid transportation fuel blend stock. The alkaline solution is optionally sodium hydroxide. The binder is optionally alumina, bentonite or silica.
This disclosure relates to catalysts comprising gallium, cerium, and a mixed oxide support useful in the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, to methods for making such catalysts, and to methods for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons with such catalysts. For example, in one embodiment, a catalyst composition includes gallium oxide, present in the composition in an amount within the range of about 0.1 wt.% to about 30 wt.%, cerium oxide, present in the composition in an amount within the range of about 0.1 wt.% to about 15 wt.%, a promoter, M1, selected from Pt, Ir, La, or a mixture thereof, present in the composition in an amount within the range of about 0.005 wt.% to about 4 wt.%, a promoter, M2, selected from the group 1 elements (e.g., Li, Na, K, Cs), present in the composition in an amount within the range of about 0.05 wt.% to about 3 wt.%, and a support, S1, selected from alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, or a mixture thereof, present in the composition in an amount within the range of about 60 wt.% to about 99 wt.%.
B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
C07C 5/32 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
As an improvement to processes for desulfurization of natural gas and synthetic natural gas streams that employ conventional zeolitic materials (absorbents), including copper-containing zeolites, pre-treatment methods and post-treatment methods are provided that lower the level of leachable benzene following desulfurization with the absorbents to <0.5 mg benzene/L leachate, while retaining within the absorbents a majority of sulfur adsorbed from a gas stream
B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
The present invention is directed to methods for detecting humidity in an environment by preparing and using a card having a deliquescent material-containing area upon an active layer, and a humidity indicator card. Disclosed are also formulations that are utilized with such cards, as well as the approach of dispensing a composition with a deliquescent material in solution upon the card that can then be used as a non-reversible humidity indicator.
G01N 31/22 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
B65D 79/02 - Arrangements or devices for indicating incorrect storage or transport
The present disclosure relates to solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst compositions useful in the formation of hydrocarbons, such as the oligomerization of olefins, prepared from formable mixtures that comprise a phosphate source and a siliceous support material source in amounts, for example, such that the ratio of the phosphate source and the siliceous support material source is within the range of about 2.9:1 to about 3.4:1 calculated on a weight basis as H3PO4:SiO2, and a dry particulate material.
C07C 2/18 - Acids of phosphorusSalts thereofPhosphorus oxides
C07C 2/04 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
C07C 2/00 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
9.
NEW SYNTHETIC METHODS FOR THE PREPARATION OF PROPYLENE AMMOXIDATION CATALYSTS
The present disclosure relates generally to catalyst materials and processes for making and using them. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to molybdenum, bismuth and iron-containing metal oxide catalyst materials useful, for example, in the partial oxidation or ammoxidation of propylene or isobutylene, processes for making them, and processes for making acrolein, methacrolein, acrylonitrile, and methacrylonitrile using such catalysts.
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
C07C 253/26 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons containing carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds, e.g. unsaturated aldehydes
The present disclosure relates generally to catalyst materials and processes for making and using them. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to molybdenum, bismuth and iron-containing metal oxide catalyst materials useful, for example, in the partial oxidation or ammoxidation of propylene or isobutylene, processes for making them, and processes for making acrolein, methacrolein, acrylonitrile, and methacrylonitrile using such catalysts.
B01J 23/887 - Molybdenum containing in addition other metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C07C 253/26 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons containing carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds, e.g. unsaturated aldehydes
B01J 23/00 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group
The present disclosure relates to methods for making chromium-containing dehydrogenation catalysts using chromium feedstocks that need not include chromium(VI). The disclosure also relates to the catalysts made thereby, as well as to dehydrogenation methods using such catalysts. In one aspect of the disclosure, a method includes providing a formable mixture comprising, on a dry basis, an aluminum hydroxide, present in an amount within the range of about 40 wt.% to about 90 wt.%; an acid (e.g., nitric acid), present in an amount within the range of about 2 wt.% to about 15 wt.%; and a chromium(III) source, present in an amount within the range of about 2 wt.% to about 35 wt.%; forming the formable mixture; and calcining the formed mixture. In certain embodiments, the method further includes impregnating the calcined mixture with an aqueous impregnation solution including a chromium(III) salt; and calcining the impregnated mixture.
Embodiments provided herein are compositions directed to porous iron oxides, which are suitable for removing hydrogen sulfide and other sulfur-containing organic contaminants from hydrocarbon streams, and in which the iron oxide component of the composition contains both maghemite and hematite phases, with maghemite forming the greater portion of these phases. In some embodiments, magnetite, aluminum oxide, alumina silicate, and a binder comprised of an organic substance are homogenized, followed by calcining which burns away the organic and converts magnetite to a mix of maghemite and hematite.
B01J 20/06 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 20/10 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
The present disclosure relates to solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalysts useful in the conversion of hydrocarbons, such as the oligomerization of olefins, to methods for making such SPA catalysts, and to methods for converting hydrocarbons by contacting hydrocarbons with such catalyst. For example, in certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a calcined solid phosphoric acid catalyst composition that includes phosphoric acid and silicon phosphates, and in which (i) one or more promoters each selected from the group consisting of boron, bismuth, tungsten, silver and lanthanum is present; (ii) the composition is a calcined product of a formable mixture including silica-alumina clay, silica fiber and/or silica alumina fiber; or (iii) the composition is a calcined product of a formable mixture including fumed silica.
The present disclosure relates to solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalysts useful in the conversion of hydrocarbons, such as the oligomerization of olefins, to methods for making such SPA catalysts, and to methods for converting hydrocarbons by contacting hydrocarbons with such catalyst. For example, in certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a calcined solid phosphoric acid catalyst composition that includes phosphoric acid and silicon phosphates, and in which (i) one or more promoters each selected from the group consisting of boron, bismuth, tungsten, silver and lanthanum is present; (ii) the composition is a calcined product of a formable mixture including silica-alumina clay, silica fiber and/or silica alumina fiber; or (iii) the composition is a calcined product of a formable mixture including fumed silica.
The present disclosure relates to nickel/aluminum-containing catalyst materials useful, for example, as reforming catalysts, processes for making them, and processes for using them in molten carbonate fuel cells. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a catalyst material including an alumina carrier in an amount in the range of about 5 wt% to about 75 wt%; and a mixed metal oxide in an amount in the range of about 25 wt% to about 95 wt%, the mixed metal oxide including at least about 90 wt% of oxides of nickel and aluminum, the mixed metal oxide having an atomic ratio of nickel to aluminum in the range of about 60:40 to about 90:10, the mixed metal oxide being substantially free of zirconium, in the form of a composite of the alumina carrier and the mixed metal oxide.
The present disclosure relates to processes for regenerating catalysts. In certain aspects, a process for regenerating a deactivated catalyst disposed in a first organic material includes removing a substantial portion of the first organic material from the catalyst to provide a dewaxed catalyst having less than about 40 wt% (e.g., less than about 20%) organic material disposed thereon. The dewaxed catalyst is then contacted with a flow of a substantially inert gas at a temperature of at least about 200 °C to provide an inert gas-treated catalyst having less than about 10 wt% organic material disposed thereon. The inert gas-treated catalyst is then contacted with an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of at least about 200 °C to form an oxidized catalyst (e.g., having less than 2 wt% carbonaceous material disposed thereon). The oxidized catalyst is then contacted with a hydrogen-containing gas at a temperature of at least about 200 °C to form a regenerated catalyst. Finally, the regenerated catalyst can be disposed in a second organic material. The regenerated catalysts can be useful, for example, in Fischer-Tropsch processes.
B01J 38/10 - Gas or vapour treatingTreating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using elemental hydrogen
C07C 1/04 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
17.
CATALYST SUPPORT MATERIALS AND CATALYST MATERIALS USEFUL FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESSES
The present disclosure relates to catalyst support materials and cobalt catalyst materials including such support materials, and their uses in Fischer-Tropsch processes. In certain aspects, a catalyst support material includes alumina, silicon oxide and titanium dioxide. In other aspects, a catalyst material includes a catalyst support material as described herein, with a catalytic metal such as cobalt disposed thereon.
B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
18.
A CATALYST MATERIAL FOR THE OXIDATION AND AMMOXIDATION OF PROPYLENE AND ISOPROPYLENE, PROCESSES FOR MAKING AND USING SAME
The present disclosure relates to metal oxide catalyst materials useful, for example, in the ammoxidation of propylene or isobutylene, processes for making them, and processes for making acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile using such catalyst materials. In certain aspects, a catalyst material is a fused composite of a metal oxide catalyst and nanoparticulate silica, the nanoparticulate silica comprising in the range of about 40 wt% to about 80 wt% of silica having a particle size in the range of 10 nm to 35 nm, and in the range of about 20 wt% to about 60 wt % of silica having a particle size in the range of 36 nm to 80 nm. The metal oxide catalyst can be, for example, a molybdenum-containing mixed metal oxide catalyst.
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
C07C 253/26 - Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons containing carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds, e.g. unsaturated aldehydes
19.
CATALYST MATERIALS FOR HYDROGENATING OLEFINS AND SHIFTING CARBON MONOXIDE
The disclosure provides catalyst materials comprising copper, stabilizer oxides and one or more multiple-valence metals, useful for hydrogenating olefins and shifting carbon monoxide and methods for using such catalyst materials.
B01J 23/83 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with rare earths or actinides
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalystsProcesses, in general, for activation of catalysts
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
C07C 5/03 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds
20.
METAL OXIDE-STABILIZED ZIRCONIUM OXIDE CERAMIC MATERIALS
The present disclosure relates generally to ceramic materials suitable for use as catalyst support materials, catalysts using such materials and methods for using them, such as methods for converting sugars, sugar alcohols, glycerol, and bio-renewable organic acids to commercially-valuable chemicals and intermediates. One aspect of the invention is a ceramic material including zirconium oxide and one or more metal oxides selected from nickel oxide, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, iron oxide and zinc oxide, the ceramic material being at least about 50 wt.% zirconium oxide. In certain embodiments, the ceramic material is substantially free of any binder or additional stabilizing agent.
C07C 29/149 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
The disclosure provides an improved endothermic hydrocarbon conversion process that comprises reacting a hydrocarbon with a multi-component catalyst bed, and regenerating the catalyst bed with air, where the air used in regeneration step and hydrocarbon are at low air to hydrocarbon ratios and optionally at near-atmospheric pressures.
The present invention relates to the preparation of a dehydration catalyst and a method and apparatus for dehydrating 1-alcohols to 1-alkenes with high regioselectivity. The 1-alkenes are useful in preparing copolymers with ethylene and high flashpoint diesel and jet fuels, which are useful to civilian and military applications. Furthermore, the 1-butene may be converted to 1,3-butadiene which is useful in preparing synthetic rubbers. Some linear C4 diols can be dehydrated directly to a 1,3-butadiene.
B01J 23/02 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
The disclosure provides molybdenum and/or tungsten containing catalyst materials useful for the sour gas shift reactions and methods for using such catalyst materials, for example, for converting carbon monoxide and steam to carbon dioxide and hydrogen
The present disclosure relates generally to catalyst support materials, catalysts and methods for using them, such as methods for converting sugars, sugar alcohols, glycerol, and bio-renewable organic acids to commercially-valuable chemicals and intermediates. One aspect of the invention is catalyst support material including ZrO2 and one or more oxides of manganese (MnOx), the catalyst support material being at least about 50 wt% ZrO2 and MnOx. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of ZrO2 to MnOx is within the range of about 1:1 to about 30:1; and/or the catalyst support material is substantially free of any binder, extrusion aid or additional stabilizing agent
C07C 29/149 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
25.
METHODS AND ACTIVE MATERIALS FOR REDUCING HALIDE CONCENTRATION IN GAS STREAMS
The present disclosure relates generally to methods and active materials for purifying gas streams containing halide as a contaminant, for example, in amounts as low as parts-per-million (ppm) or even parts-per-billion (ppb). In one aspect of the invention, an active material includes (a) one or more first metals each present as a metal oxide or metal hydroxide, the first metals being selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, and gold; and (b) one or more second metals each present as a metal oxide or metal hydroxide, the one or more second metals being selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, scandium, yttrium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, and rhenium.
The present invention relates to a method for producing a supported catalyst, a catalyst which is obtainable using the method, and use thereof for the partial oxidation or ammoxidation of olefins, in particular for the oxidation of propene to acrolein, of isobutene to methacrolein, and/or the ammoxidation of propene to acrylonitrile. The method according to the invention includes the following steps: a) providing a solution in which precursor compounds of the catalytically active component are essentially completely dissolved in a suitable solvent; b) bringing the solution obtained in step a) into contact with a (chemically) inert, porous support having a specific surface of 1 to 500 m2/g; c) heat treatment of the material obtained in step b), in which the precursor compounds of the catalytically active component are converted to their oxides.
A procedure for shutting down a dehydrogenation reactor having a catalyst bed with a chromium-containing catalyst operating at a first elevated temperature comprises cooling the catalyst bed with a first cooling gas to a second elevated temperature lower than the first elevated temperature, removing the first cooling gas, introducing a reducing gas to the catalyst bed, cooling the catalyst bed with a second cooling gas from the second elevated temperature to a third elevated temperature, removing the reducing gas, cooling the catalyst bed to a fourth elevated temperature, and introducing air to cool the catalyst to ambient temperature, whereby the dehydrogenation reactor is shut down. The second cooling gas may be the same as, or different from, the reducing gas. Moreover, the reducing gas may be purged from the reactor by a third cooling gas
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
A process for removing one or more of arsenic and other contaminants from a synthetic gas feedstock comprising a sulfur compound. The synthetic gas feedstock is contacted with a composition having an active material. The active material includes one or more elements having an electronegativity from 1.6 to 2.0 on the Pauling scale. At least a portion of the active material is a sulfide phase.
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
B01D 53/64 - Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
C10K 1/32 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide with selectively absorptive solids, e.g. active carbon
Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol may be made by hydrogenolysis of a polyol comprising the steps of reacting a polyol with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenolysis catalyst. The hydrogenolysis comprises nickel, one or more promoter, and one or more support. The promoter is selected from bismuth, silver, tin, antimony, gold, lead, thallium, cerium, lanthanum, and manganese. The support is selected from zirconia and carbon. A zirconia support comprises a zirconia textual promoter, which is selected from Cr, Mo, W, Nb, Ce, Ca, Mg, La, Pr, Nd, Al, and P. If the support comprises carbon, then the promoter is selected from bismuth and antimony. In another embodiment, if the support comprises carbon, then both the promoter is selected from bismuth and antimony, and the catalyst comprises copper. In another embodiment, the catalyst additionally comprises copper.
B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
B01J 23/835 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with germanium, tin or lead
B01J 23/83 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with rare earths or actinides
The present invention provides a device for humidity control, and a method for maintaining the moisture level of a closed environment over an extended period of time.
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
A hydrodeoxygenation catalyst comprises a metal catalyst, an acid promoter, and a support. The metal catalyst is selected from platinum, palladium, ruthenium, rhenium rhodium, osmium, iridium, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, tin, or mixtures thereof. The support is a promoted-zirconium material including texture promoters and acid promoters. The hydrodeoxygenation catalyst may be used for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of sugar or sugar alcohol in an aqueous solution. In one embodiment the HDO catalyst may be used for HDO of fatty acids such as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), triglycerols (in plant oil and animal fat), pyrolysis oil, or lignin. The hydrodeoxygenation catalyst for fatty acid process does not require the use of an acid promoter, it is optional.
A two catalyst system is described having separate catalyst beds for the selective conversion of acetylene to ethylene which reduces the concentration of acetylene, dienes, O2, and NOx is disclosed. An ethylene containing gas stream, such as an off-gas stream from a refinery catalytic cracking unit used in the production of fuels and gas oils, is treated by first contacting the gas stream with a silver catalyst supported on a metal oxide and subsequently contacting the gas stream with a ruthenium catalyst supported on metal oxide. The two catalysts are contained within contiguous continuous reactors or reactor compartments
C07C 7/148 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
C07C 7/167 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by hydrogenation for removal of compounds containing a triple carbon-to-carbon bond
A process for removing mercury from a gas or liquid phase, wherein the gas or liquid phase containing mercury is placed in contact with a composition comprising a precipitated metal sulfide. The precipitated metal sulfide may be made by the process of combining a metal source, sulfide source, and modifier to form the precipitated metal sulfide. The metal source may comprise iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, or gold salts. The metal salt may be selected from metal nitrate, metal sulfate, metal phosphate, metal acetate, metal carbonate, metal hydroxide, metal ammonium carbonate, and metal hydroxycarbonate. The sulfide source is selected from hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), salts of sulfide (S2-), salts of hydrosulfide (HS-), and salts of polysulfide (Sn2-). The modifier may be selected from alumina, silica, aluminosilicate, clay, zeolites, carbon, cement, titania, zirconia.
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01D 53/64 - Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
A process for removing mercury from a gas or liquid phase, wherein the gas or liquid phase containing mercury is placed in contact with a composition comprising a precipitated metal sulfide. The precipitated metal sulfide may be made by the process of combining a metal source, sulfide source, and modifier to form the precipitated metal sulfide. The metal source may comprise iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, or gold salts. The metal salt may be selected from metal nitrate, metal sulfate, metal phosphate, metal acetate, metal carbonate, metal hydroxide, metal ammonium carbonate, and metal hydroxycarbonate. The sulfide source is selected from hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), salts of sulfide (S2-), salts of hydrosulfide (HS-), and salts of polysulfide (Sn2-). The modifier may be selected from alumina, silica, aluminosilicate, clay, zeolites, carbon, cement, titania, zirconia.
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01D 53/64 - Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
35.
Ultra high temperature shift catalyst with low methanation
L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude (France)
Inventor
Wagner, Jon P.
Balakos, Michael W.
Ratnasamy, Chandra
Abstract
A catalytic water gas shift process at temperatures above about 450° C. up to about 900° C. or so wherein the catalyst includes rhenium deposited on a support, preferably without a precious metal, wherein the support is prepared from a high surface area material, such as a mixed metal oxide, particularly a mixture of zirconia and ceria, to which may be added one or more of a high surface area transitional alumina, an alkali or alkaline earth metal dopant and/or an additional dopant selected from Ga, Nd, Pr, W, Ge, Fe, oxides thereof and mixtures thereof.
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
C01B 3/18 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using moving solid particles
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C07C 1/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon
B01J 21/00 - Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
B01J 23/00 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group
B01J 23/02 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
B01J 23/06 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of zinc, cadmium or mercury
B01J 23/08 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of gallium, indium or thallium
B01J 20/00 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
The present invention relates to solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalysts, processes for making the catalysts, and processes for conversion of hydrocarbons using the catalysts, such as oligomerization of propylene. In an exemplary embodiment, the catalyst comprises a calcined extrudate of phosphoric acid, diatomaceous earth, and niobic acid. Methods for converting hydrocarbons to olefins comprise contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock with the catalyst at hydrocarbon conversion conditions
A catalyst for hydrogenating aldehydes to alcohols includes a combination of copper oxide and zinc oxide and promoters including one or more alkaline earth metal promoters and/or one or more transition metal promoters. The promoters may be combined with copper oxide and zinc oxide after formation of a copper/zinc precursor material
B01J 23/80 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with zinc, cadmium or mercury
C07C 29/141 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group of C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of a —CHO group with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
Goods & Services
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(1) Prepackaged desiccant for use in shipping containers.
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01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
Goods & Services
prepackaged desiccant for use in shipping containers for machine parts, electronic components, surgical instruments and supplies, tools, pharmaceuticals, food, and photographic films
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
Goods & Services
PREPACKAGED DESICCANTS FOR USE IN CLOSED PACKAGES FOR MACHINE PARTS, ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS AND SUPPLIES, TOOLS, PHARMACEUTICALS, FOOD AND FILM
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND CONSULTING SERVICES FOR OTHERS IN THE FIELDS OF PROCESS ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
Goods & Services
HARMLESS NON-METALLIC MOISTURE AND ODOR ABSORBENTS FOR PRODUCT FRESHNESS MADE OF MATERIALS SUCH AS SILICA GEL AND ACTIVATED CHARCOAL FOR USE WITH PHARMACEUTICAL AND FOOD PRODUCTS
