A production method is provided. The production method comprises forming material by pressing or pulling ceramic material through a channel of an extrusion die, said channel being at least partly defined by the lateral surface area of at least one rotating die, and heat processing the formed material to form a ceramic product.
B28B 3/12 - Producing shaped articles from the material by using pressesPresses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
2.
Device and method for producing electrodes for electrochemical reaction
The disclosed invention refers to a device and a method for 3D-extruding electrodes that are useful for electrochemical reactions or energy storage in batteries, secondary batteries, capacitors or fuel cells. The described method solves problems of time and cost-consuming steps, by integrating many steps into one step, by co-extruding with rotating dies onto a base profile, enabling elimination of at least one production step at the same time as it enables extrusion of electrodes with macro-, micro-, and/or nano-patterns, thus enabling bigger electrochemical reaction surfaces and cross-channels that speed-up filling of electrolyte.
B29C 48/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired formApparatus therefor
B29C 48/21 - Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
B29C 48/34 - Cross-head annular extrusion nozzles, i.e. for simultaneously receiving moulding material and the preform to be coated
B29C 48/49 - Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
An extruded product is provided. The extruded product comprises a first side having a first depression pattern being defined by a first rotating die during an extrusion process, and a second side having a second depression pattern being defined during the extrusion process, said second side being opposite the first side. The extruded product further comprises at least one overlap area for which a total depth of the first and second depression patterns exceeds a maximum thickness of the extruded product.
An extruded product is provided. The extruded product comprises an upper side (112) having an upper depression pattern (120) being defined by a first rotating die (3) in an extrusion process, and a bottom side (114) having a bottom depression pattern (130) being defined simultaneously as the upper depression pattern (120) in said extrusion process, said bottom side (114) being opposite the upper side (112). The upper depression pattern (120) comprises at least one upper depression (121) extending at least partly in a longitudinal direction of the extruded product (100), and the bottom depression pattern (130) comprises at least one bottom depression (131) extending at least partly in the longitudinal direction of the extruded product (100). The extruded product (100) further comprises at least one overlap area (140) at which the upper depression (121) at least partly overlaps the bottom depression (131).
A battery arrangement (1) comprising a number of batteries (2), arranged next to each other forming a battery pack (6a) with a top surface (7) and an opposing bottom surface (8), wherein the battery arrangement (1) comprises at least one thermal structural element (9) arranged against a top surface (7) and/or a bottom surface (8) of the battery pack (6a) for cooling or heating the batteries (2) via a top end plate (3) and/or a bottom end plate (4) of the batteries via a first through channel (10) in the thermal structural element (9) being configured to lead a thermal fluid medium through the thermal structural element (9), wherein the battery arrangement (1) comprises a fixation element (36; 15, 30, 37) configured to fixate the position of each battery (2) with relation to the thermal structural element (9).
H01M 10/653 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
H01M 50/213 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
H01M 50/262 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders with fastening means, e.g. locks
H01M 10/656 - Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
B60K 1/04 - Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
A method and an extrusion or pultrusion device for forming a profile product made from a material in a production direction, said device comprising a rotating die, extending in a radial direction and a width direction, having two opposite first and second side walls and an outer circumferential surface extending in the width direction therebetween, wherein the rotating die comprises a first side portion in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion in connection to the second side wall and a mid-portion extending between the first and second side portions, and a profile definition zone having a longitudinal direction coinciding with the production direction, a height direction and a width direction being perpendicular to the height direction, comprising a through channel comprising a first channel section followed by a second channel section downstream the first channel section with reference to the production direction, wherein the rotating die is rotatable about an axis extending across the production direction and arranged to allow the outer circumferential surface to, while the rotating die rotates, exert a pressure onto a surface of the material when fed through the profile definition zone.
B29C 48/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired formApparatus therefor
B29C 48/21 - Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
B29C 48/34 - Cross-head annular extrusion nozzles, i.e. for simultaneously receiving moulding material and the preform to be coated
B29C 48/49 - Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
B29C 70/52 - Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
B29D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
B29C 48/154 - Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
A method and an extrusion- or pultrusion device for forming a profile product made from a plastically deformable material and/or viscoplastic material in a production direction, the device comprising, a rotating die, extending in a radial direction and a width direction, having two opposite first and second side walls and an outer circumferential surface extending in the width direction there between. The rotating die comprises a first side portion in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion in connection to the second side wall and a mid-portion extending between the first and second side portions, and a profile definition zone having a longitudinal direction coinciding with the production direction, a height direction and a width direction being perpendicular to the height direction, comprising a through channel comprising a first channel section followed by a second channel section downstream the first channel sectionwith reference to the production direction. The rotating die is rotatable about an axis extending across the production direction and arranged to allow the outer circumferential surface to, while the rotating die rotates, exert a pressure onto a surface of the material when fed through the profile definition zone.
A method and an extrusion- or pultrusion device for forming a profile product made from a viscoelastic material and/or plastically deformable material with elastic property and/or viscoplastic material with elastic property in a production direction. The device comprises a rotating die, extending in a radial direction and a width direction, having two opposite first and second side walls and an outer circumferential surface extending in the width direction therebetween, wherein the rotating die comprises a first side portion in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion in connection to the second side wall and a mid-portion extending between the first and second side portions, and a profile definition zone having a longitudinal direction coinciding with the production direction, a height direction and a width direction (X) being perpendicular to the height direction, comprising a through channel comprising a first channel section followed by a second channel section downstream the first channel section with reference to the production direction, wherein the rotating die is rotatable about an axis extending across the production direction and arranged to allow the outer circumferential surface to, while the rotating die rotates, exert a pressure onto a surface of the material when fed through the profile definition zone.
A production method is provided. The production method comprises forming material by pressing or pulling ceramic material through a channel (10) of an extrusion die, said channel being at least partly defined by the lateral surface area (4) of at least one rotating die (3), and heat processing the formed material to form a ceramic product.
B28B 3/12 - Producing shaped articles from the material by using pressesPresses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
B28B 3/16 - Producing shaped articles from the material by using pressesPresses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material with co-operating profiled rollers
B28B 17/00 - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the materialAuxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
B30B 11/18 - Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses or tabletting presses using profiled rollers
B22F 3/18 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sinteringApparatus specially adapted therefor by using pressure rollers
B29C 48/35 - Extrusion nozzles or dies with rollers
10.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTRODES FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION
The disclosed invention refers to a device and a method for 3D-extruding electrodes that are useful for electrochemical reactions or energy storage in batteries, secondary batteries, capacitors or fuel cells. The described method solves problems of time and cost-consuming steps, by integrating many steps into one step, by co-extruding with rotating dies onto a base profile, enabling elimination of at least one production step at the same time as it enables extrusion of electrodes with macro-, micro-, and/or nano-patterns, thus enabling bigger electrochemical reaction surfaces and cross-channels that speed-up filling of electrolyte.
B29C 48/21 - Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
B29C 43/28 - Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding materialApparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
B05C 11/02 - Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surfaceControl of the thickness of a coating
B29C 48/35 - Extrusion nozzles or dies with rollers
B29C 48/34 - Cross-head annular extrusion nozzles, i.e. for simultaneously receiving moulding material and the preform to be coated
B05C 1/12 - Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller the work being fed round the roller
An extrusion- or pultrusion device for forming a profile product in a production direction comprises a rotating die having two opposite first and second side walls and an outer circumferential surface there between, wherein the rotating die comprises a first side portion in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion in connection to the second side wall and a mid-portion extending between the first and second side portions, wherein the first and/or second side portions comprises first and second flange portions extending in a radial direction with an extension greater than a radial extension of at least a part of the mid-portion.
An extrusion-or pultrusion device for forming a profile product in a production direction comprising:
a rotating die having two opposite first and second side walls and an outer circumferential surface there between, wherein the rotating die comprises a first side portion in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion in connection to the second side wall and a mid-portion extending between the first and second side portion, wherein the width of the first channel section is, at least along a portion of its length and at least along a portion of its height, less than a distance between the two opposite side walls of the rotating die.
An extrusion- or pultrusion device for forming a profile product in a production direction comprising a rotating die having two opposite first and second side walls and an outer circumferential surface there between, wherein the rotating die comprises a first side portion in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion in connection to the second side wall and a mid-portion extending between the first and second side portions, wherein the first and/or second side portions comprises an recess extending in a radial direction with an extension being less than a radial extension of at least a part of the mid-portion.
A battery arrangement (1) comprising a number of batteries (2), arranged next to each other forming a battery pack (6a) with a top surface (7) and an opposing bottom surface (8), wherein the battery arrangement (1) comprises at least one thermal structural element (9) arranged against a top surface (7) and/or a bottom surface (8) of the battery pack (6a) for cooling or heating the batteries (2) via a top end plate (3) and/or a bottom end plate (4) of the batteries via a first through channel (10) in the thermal structural element (9) being configured to lead a thermal fluid medium through the thermal structural element (9), wherein the battery arrangement (1) comprises a fixation element (36; 15, 30, 37) configured to fixate the position of each battery (2) with relation to the thermal structural element (9).
H01M 10/6568 - Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
H01M 50/213 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
H01M 50/262 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders with fastening means, e.g. locks
A method and an extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) for forming a profile product (2) made from a material in a production direction (Y), said device comprising: -a rotating die (3), extending in a radial (R) direction and a width direction (X), having two opposite first and second side walls (5, 6) and an outer circumferential surface (4) extending in the width direction (X) there between, wherein the rotating die (3) comprises a first side portion (23) in connection to the first side wall (5) and a second side portion (25) in connection to the second side wall (6) and a mid-portion (22) extending between the first and second side portions (23, 25), and -a profile definition zone (7) having a longitudinal direction (Y) coinciding with the production direction (Y), a height direction (Z) and a width direction (X) being perpendicular to the height direction (Z), comprising a through channel (8) comprising a first channel section (9) followed by a second channel section (10) downstream the first channel section (9) with reference to the production direction, wherein the rotating die (3) is rotatable about an axis extending across the production direction (Y) and arranged to allow the outer circumferential surface (4) to, while the rotating die (3) rotates, exert a pressure onto a surface of the material when fed through the profile definition zone (7).
B21J 5/12 - Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
B29C 48/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired formApparatus therefor
B29C 48/35 - Extrusion nozzles or dies with rollers
B29C 48/49 - Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
B29C 70/52 - Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
A method and an extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) said device comprising: • -a rotating die (3), wherein the rotating die (3) comprises a first side portion (23) in connection to the first side wall (5) and a second side portion (25) in connection to the second side wall (6) and a mid-portion (22) extending between the first and second side portions (23, 25), and • -a profile definition zone (7), comprising a through channel (8) comprising a first channel section (9) followed by a second channel section (10) downstream the first channel section (9) with reference to the production direction, wherein the rotating die (3) is rotatable about an axis extending across the production direction (Y) and arranged to allow the outer circumferential surface (4) to, while the rotating die (3) rotates, exert a pressure onto a surface of the material when fed through the profile definition zone (7).
A method and an extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) for forming a profile product (2) made from a viscoelastic material and/or plastically deformable material with elastic property and/or viscoplastic material with elastic property in a production direction (Y), said device comprising; a rotating die (3), extending in a radial (R) direction and a width direction (X), having two opposite first and second side walls (5, 6) and an outer circumferential surface (4) extending in the width direction (X) there between, wherein the rotating die (3) comprises a first side portion (23) in connection to the first side wall (5) and a second side portion (25) in connection to the second side wall (6) and a mid-portion (22) extending between the first and second side portions (23, 25), and a profile definition zone (7) having a longitudinal direction (Y) coinciding with the production direction (Y), a height direction (Z) and a width direction (X) being perpendicular to the height direction (Z), comprising a through channel (8) comprising a first channel section (9) followed by a second channel section (10) downstream the first channel section (9) with reference to the production direction, wherein the rotating die (3) is rotatable about an axis extending across the production direction (Y) and arranged to allow the outer circumferential surface (4) to, while the rotating die (3) rotates, exert a pressure onto a surface of the material when fed through the profile definition zone (7).
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
45 - Legal and security services; personal services for individuals.
Goods & Services
Processed and semi-processed materials of metal, Not specified for use; Pipes, tubes and hoses, and fittings therefor, including valves, of metal. Machines and machine tools for treatment of materials and for manufacturing; Tools [parts of machines]; Tools for machine tools. Accumulators, electric; Apparatus and instruments for regulating the use of electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating the distribution of electricity; Batteries; Fuel cells; Regulating modules (Electric -); Smart manufacturing software. Insulation and barrier articles and materials; Semi-worked plastic substances; Latex [rubber]; Plastic substances, semi-processed; Insulating materials produced from plastics. Treatment and processing of plastics. Computer aided design for manufacturing operations; Design and testing for new product development; Design and testing of new products; Research and development of new products; Research and development of new products for others; Research and development services; Research and development services in the field of engineering; Engineering consultancy relating to manufacture; Technological services relating to manufacture; Design of manufacturing methods. Licensing of research and development; Licensing of intellectual property; Licensing of patents; Licensing services relating to the manufacture of goods.
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
45 - Legal and security services; personal services for individuals.
Goods & Services
Unprocessed and semi-processed materials of metal, not specified for use; Pipes, tubes and hoses, and fittings therefor, including valves, of metal. Machines and machine tools for treatment of materials and for manufacturing; Tools [parts of machines]; Tools for machine tools. Accumulators, electric; Apparatus and instruments for regulating the use of electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating the distribution of electricity; Batteries; Fuel cells; Regulating modules (Electric -); Smart manufacturing software. Insulation and barrier articles and materials; Semi-worked plastic substances; Latex [rubber]; Plastic substances, semi-processed; Insulating materials produced from plastics. Treatment and processing of plastics. Computer aided design for manufacturing operations; Design and testing for new product development; Design and testing of new products; Research and development of new products; Research and development of new products for others; Research and development services; Research and development services in the field of engineering; Engineering consultancy relating to manufacture; Technological services relating to manufacture; Design of manufacturing methods. Licensing of research and development; Licensing of intellectual property; Licensing of patents; Licensing services relating to the manufacture of goods.
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
45 - Legal and security services; personal services for individuals.
Goods & Services
Unprocessed and semi-processed materials of metal, not specified for use; Pipes, tubes and hoses, and fittings therefor, including valves, of metal. Machines and machine tools for treatment of materials and for manufacturing; Tools [parts of machines]; Tools for machine tools. Accumulators, electric; Apparatus and instruments for regulating the use of electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating electricity; Apparatus and instruments for regulating the distribution of electricity; Batteries; Fuel cells; Regulating modules (Electric -); Smart manufacturing software. Insulation and barrier articles and materials; Semi-worked plastic substances; Latex [rubber]; Plastic substances, semi-processed; Insulating materials produced from plastics. Treatment and processing of plastics. Computer aided design for manufacturing operations; Design and testing for new product development; Design and testing of new products; Research and development of new products; Research and development of new products for others; Research and development services; Research and development services in the field of engineering; Engineering consultancy relating to manufacture; Technological services relating to manufacture; Design of manufacturing methods. Licensing of research and development; Licensing of intellectual property; Licensing of patents; Licensing services relating to the manufacture of goods.
21.
EXTRUDED PROFILE PRODUCED WITH ROTATING SHAPING DIES
A device and method for designing lightweight, strong, material efficient, extruded and pultruded profiles, profile segments and surfaces produced in profile production with rotating dies creating superior resistance to compression, bending and buckling, higher energy absorption and right strength in the right place, by: varying the thickness along and across the direction of extrusion, making reinforcing patterns varying the profile thickness, and in some cases varying angles and patterns which increases the profile segments/surface resistance against compression, bending and buckling relative to the amount of material used and resulting in the manufacturing of optimized beams and surfaces that have superior properties in terms of strength/weight, stiffness/weight ratio, mechanical energy absorption/weight unit, deformation and natural frequency, thermal transfer capacity, the breaking of the laminar flow, increased/optimized surface for chemical and/or electrochemical reaction etc.
An extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) for forming a profile product (2) in a production direction (Y), said device comprising: -a rotating die (3) having two opposite first and second side walls (5, 6) and an outer circumferential surface (4) there between, wherein the rotating die (3) comprises a first side portion (23) in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion (25) in connection to the second side wall (6) and a mid-portion (22) extending between the first and second side portions (23, 25), wherein the width of the first channel section (9) is, at least along a portion of its length and at least along a portion of its height, less than a distance between the two opposite side walls (5, 6) of the rotating die (3).
An extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) for forming a profile product (2) in a production direction (Y), said device comprising: -a rotating die (3) having two opposite first and second side walls (5, 6) and an outer circumferential surface (4) there between, wherein the rotating die (3) comprises a first side portion (23) in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion (25) in connection to the second side wall (6) and a mid-portion (22) extending between the first and second side portions (23, 25), wherein the first and/or second side portions (23, 25) comprises first and second flange portions (18, 19) extending in a radial direction (R) with an extension greater than a radial extension of at least a part of the mid-portion (22).
An extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) for forming a profile product (2) in a production direction (Y), said device comprising: -a rotating die (3) having two opposite first and second side walls (5, 6) and an outer circumferential surface (4) there between, wherein the rotating die (3) comprises a first side portion (23) in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion (25) in connection to the second side wall (6) and a mid-portion (22) extending between the first and second side portions (23, 25), wherein the first and/or second side portions (23, 25) comprises first and second flange portions (18, 19) extending in a radial direction (R) with an extension greater than a radial extension of at least a part of the mid-portion (22).
An extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) for forming a profile product (2) in a production direction (Y), said device comprising:a rotating die (3) having two opposite first and second side walls (5, 6) and an outer circumferential surface (4) there between, wherein the rotating die (3) comprises a first side portion (23) in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion (25) in connection to the second side wall (6) and a mid-portion (22) extending between the first and second side portions (23, 25), wherein the first and/or second side portions (23, 25) comprises an recess (29) extending in a radial direction (R) with an extension being less than a radial extension of at least a part of the mid-portion (22).
An extrusion- or pultrusion device (1) for forming a profile product (2) in a production direction (Y), said device comprising: -a rotating die (3) having two opposite first and second side walls (5, 6) and an outer circumferential surface (4) there between, wherein the rotating die (3) comprises a first side portion (23) in connection to the first side wall and a second side portion (25) in connection to the second side wall (6) and a mid-portion (22) extending between the first and second side portions (23, 25), wherein the width of the first channel section (9) is, at least along a portion of its length and at least along a portion of its height, less than a distance between the two opposite side walls (5, 6) of the rotating die (3).
A device and method enabling industrial continuous pressing, called extrusion of plastically/thermally mouldable substances such as metal, composite metal, plastic, composite or rubber, which is pressed to the profile by a process including a tool fixed member partially predefining the profile shape/cross-section before the profile is finally defined to a cross-section when the material passes rotating dies, which through contact with each other, cancel out main radial forces and the position of which may vary relative to other bearing surfaces or rotary bearing surfaces of the tool with which they define the final shape of the profile. The device and method enable the extrusion of pattern on the inside of hollow profiles and the extrusion of multiple profiles in one tool, because 80-98% of radial bearing forces are eliminated, allowing the installation of rotary dies where not previously possible, and almost unlimited opportunities in increased profile width.
The invention relates to device and method enabling industrial continuous pressing, called extrusion of plastically / thermally mouldable substances (11) such as metal, composite metal, plastic, composite or rubber, which is pressed to the profile (12) by a process comprising tool fixed member (6) partially predefining the profile shape / cross-section before the profile finally defined to fixed or varied cross-section when the material passes rotating dies (2) which can be patterned or smooth and through the contact with each other (1) cancel out each main radial forces and the position of which in some embodiments of the invention may vary relative to other bearing surfaces (13, 17) or rotary bearing surfaces (4) of the tool with which they define the final shape of the profile.The invention enables the extrusion of pattern on the inside of hollow profiles and the extrusion of multiple profiles in one tool, because 80-98% of the radial bearing forces are eliminated, allowing the installation of rotary dies where not previously possible, and almost unlimited opportunities in increased profile width.
A new way to design lightweight, strong,material efficient, extruded and pultruded profiles,profile segments (4) and surfaces produced in profile production with rotating dies creating superior resistance to compression, bending and buckling, higher energy absorption and right strength in the right place, by: varying the thickness along (_t) + across the direction of extrusion, making reinforcing patterns (2, 3), vary the profile thickness (t, _t), and in some cases vary angles (10, 11) and pattern (2, 3) which increases the profile segments / surface resistance against compression, bending and buckling relative to the amount of material used and resulting in that one can make optimized beams and surfaces that have superior properties in terms of strength / weight, stiffness/weight ratio, mechanical energy absorption/ weight unit, deformation and natural frequency, thermal transfer capacity, the breaking of the laminar flow, increased / optimized surface for chemical and / or electrochemical reaction etc.
