Abstract

An efficient, rapid ex-situ detoxification has been developed to reduce inhibitor concentration and enhance acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) production from brewery industry liquid waste (BLW) and brewery spent grain (BSG). About 80±2.0% extraction of furan derivative and more than 95±2.0% extraction of phenolic compounds and almost no extraction of reducing sugar from simulated synthetic media as well as real waste hydrolysate have been obtained. Ex-situ extraction of microbial inhibitors from BLW and BSG hydrolysates using bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate as solvent leads to high production of ABE of 12.67 g/L and 11.23 g/L respectively. Lower power consumption (0.081 W/L) and reuse of the extracting solvent made this detoxification technique extremely useful for improving production of bio-butanol from agro-industrial waste.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12P 7/16 - Butanols
• B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
• B01D 11/02 - Solvent extraction of solids

Abstract

An optical apparatus and a method for identifying wood species of a raw wooden log involve directing light onto a representative portion of a peripheral surface of the wooden log, sensing light reflected on the illuminated representative log portion to generate reflection intensity image data including color image data, subdividing the reflection intensity image data into a plurality of image data regions each containing a preset number of image pixels, analyzing the image data regions to generate associated texture data, analyzing the color and texture data associated with each image data region to assign thereto a probable one of a plurality of species indications, and selecting a majority species indication for the inspected wooden log.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/46 - Wood
• G06T 7/00 - Image analysis

Abstract

An apparatus and a method for optically scanning a surface of an object under an adverse external condition to which optical components are subjected, such as cameras and lighting sources sensitive to soiling, make use of a first imaging sensor unit having its optical components subjected to the adverse external condition, and being configured for generating reflection intensity image data associated with a target surface. A second imaging sensor unit having its optical components substantially not subjected to the adverse external condition, is configured for generating reflection intensity image data associated with a reference surface. Correction data are calculated from a comparison between the reflected intensity image data associated with the target and reference surfaces, which correction data are then applied to the reflected intensity image data associated with the target surface to generate corrected intensity image data compensating for the adverse external condition.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/40 - Noise filtering
• G01N 21/898 - Irregularities in textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. textiles, wood
• G01N 21/88 - Investigating the presence of flaws, defects or contamination

Abstract

A sun-tracking light distributor for a photosynthetic culture in an aqueous liquid, comprising: two light distribution walls made of a transparent material, creating an elongated V-shaped channel adapted to receive the sunlight and to be partly immersed in the aqueous liquid, the sun-tracking light distributor has a center of buoyancy, a vertical passing through the center of buoyancy defines an axis of flotation, and a pivot axis of the sun-tracking light distributor is offset relative to the axis of flotation. Owing to the offset pivot axis, the orientation of the light distributor is changed by varying the level of aqueous liquid, thus allowing a tracking of the sun's altitude.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
• A01G 7/00 - Botany in general
• A01G 9/24 - Devices for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
• A01G 9/20 - Forcing-framesLights
• C12N 1/12 - Unicellular algaeCulture media therefor
• F24J 2/52 - Arrangement of mountings or supports
• F24J 2/54 - specially adapted for rotary movement

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for treating waste water using a passive phosphorus-capture filter lined with wood activated by the impregnation of a metal in the form of hydroxide, more specifically aluminum hydroxide or iron hydroxide. This system demonstrates phosphorus removal performances which are very closely linked to the release of iron and which support the observation that iron releases follow a cyclical trend. The method according to the invention also clearly demonstrates the cyclical nature of the reduction of phosphorus, directly linked to the same cycle of iron release at the outlet. When the medium is aerobic, it can precipitate the released iron in the form of hydroxide and thereby limit the release of iron into the outflow water and consequently its residual phosphorus. This model thus allows the service life of the system to be extended, while simultaneously taking advantage of the precipitation/solubilization cycle of the iron observed in the medium under reducing conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 9/00 - Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 3/30 - Aerobic and anaerobic processes
• C02F 1/00 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
• C02F 1/72 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
• B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
• C02F 1/52 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
• C02F 3/04 - Aerobic processes using trickle filters
• C02F 1/70 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
• B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
• C02F 103/20 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
• C02F 103/00 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
• C02F 3/06 - Aerobic processes using submerged filters
• C02F 3/00 - Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
• C02F 101/10 - Inorganic compounds
• C02F 1/74 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and process for combined and simultaneous treatment of methane and of nitrogenous liquid effluent, inter alia, landfill leachates. Principally, the invention provides a biofiltration system and process for the combined and simultaneous treatment of gas containing methane (CH4) and of nitrogenous liquid effluents by virtue of synergy between nitrifying and methanotrophic microorganisms. The use of a single biofiltration system according to the invention avoids recourse to two treatment lines specific to methane and to the effluent. Furthermore, the exothermic reaction for biological oxidation of methane enables temperature regulation of the biofilter even during winter periods.

IPC Classes  ?

• A62D 3/02 - Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by biological methods, i.e. processes using enzymes or microorganisms
• B01D 53/84 - Biological processes
• B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
• C02F 3/02 - Aerobic processes
• C02F 3/34 - Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used

Abstract

Described is a method for the culture of microalgae, comprising: providing a consortium of at least two living species of microalgae; culturing under illumination the consortium in a controllable bioreactor and under non-sterile aqueous culture conditions; and controlling the culture conditions for affecting at least one of the following output: (i) flocculation and/or settling of said consortium of microalgae; and (ii) adhesion of the microalgae to surfaces of the bioreactor; wherein said culture conditions are controlled to promote (i) and/or to minimize (ii), without adversely affecting growth of the consortium of microalgae. It is also possible to control the culture conditions for affecting iii) the protein, carbohydrate, and/or fat content of the said microalgae consortium. A system for carrying out the method is also described.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 1/12 - Unicellular algaeCulture media therefor
• C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
• C12M 1/34 - Measuring or testing with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters
• C12N 1/02 - Separating microorganisms from their culture media

Abstract

A sun-tracking light distributor for a photosynthetic culture in an aqueous liquid, comprising: two light distribution walls made of a transparent material, creating an elongated V-shaped channel adapted to receive the sunlight and to be partly immersed in the aqueous liquid, the sun-tracking light distributor has a center of buoyancy, a vertical passing through the center of buoyancy defines an axis of flotation, and a pivot axis of the sun-tracking light distributor is offset relative to the axis of flotation. Owing to the offset pivot axis, the orientation of the light distributor is changed by varying the level of aqueous liquid, thus allowing a tracking of the sun's altitude.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01G 7/00 - Botany in general

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for filtering noise of low frequency from an image of the surface characteristics of an object expressed with reference to orthogonal first and second axis and obtained with linear light scanning, involve calculating a difference between pixel values of an image column vector along the second axis adjacent a selected reference image column vector and respective pixel values of the selected reference image column vector to obtain a pixel difference vector. The pixel difference values not mainly associated with a corresponding atypical change of surface characteristics as compared with noise are then selected, and a mean value from the selected pixel difference values are calculated as an estimated value of the noise. The estimated noise value are subtracted from the adjacent image column vector to obtain a corrected image column vector. The calculations are repeated using the corrected image vector as the reference image column vector and a further adjacent image column vector to obtain further corrected image column vectors, from which a noise filtered image is generated.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 5/00 - Image enhancement or restoration

Abstract

A component for use with a rotary tool is designed to be inserted through a surface of a workpiece made of a first material showing friction-induced plasticity for attachment to the workpiece. The component has a head portion having a base and a working end being threaded at its outer surface, and further has an insert portion having a penetrating end and extending along an insertion axis. At least an outer surface of the insert portion is made of a second material harder than the first material. The insert portion is provided with a threaded bore closed at its penetrating end and extending along the insertion axis to initially receive the threaded working end. The head portion base is adapted to be secured to the rotary tool for rotation in a first direction while applying an axial force of a sufficient magnitude onto the head portion base to produce substantially full insertion of the insert portion along the insertion axis by plasticizing the first material through friction and to produce attachment after a sufficient setting time.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16B 37/06 - Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting
• B23P 17/02 - Single metal-working processesMachines or apparatus therefor
• F16B 17/00 - Fastening means without screw-thread for connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other
• B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by frictionFriction welding
• F16B 11/00 - Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding

Abstract

A method for inserting a component through a surface of a workpiece made of a first material uses friction-induced plasticity of the latter to attach the component to the workpiece. The component includes a head portion having a base and a working end being threaded, and an insert portion having a penetrating end and provided with a threaded bore closed at its penetrating end, to initially receive the threaded working end. The outer surface of the insert portion being made of a second material harder than the first material, a rotary tool can be used to insert the component through the workpiece surface, by rotating the rotary tool in a first direction while applying an axial force onto the head portion base to produce substantially full insertion of the insert portion, and by maintaining the axial force during a sufficient setting time without rotation to produce the attachment.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16B 37/06 - Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting
• B23P 17/02 - Single metal-working processesMachines or apparatus therefor
• F16B 17/00 - Fastening means without screw-thread for connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other
• B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by frictionFriction welding
• F16B 11/00 - Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for treating waste water using a passive phosphorus-capture filter lined with wood activated by the impregnation of a metal in the form of hydroxide, more specifically aluminum hydroxide or iron hydroxide. This system demonstrates phosphorus removal performances which are very closely linked to the release of iron and which support the observation that iron releases follow a cyclical trend. The method according to the invention also clearly demonstrates the cyclical nature of the reduction of phosphorus, directly linked to the same cycle of iron release at the outlet. When the medium is aerobic, it can precipitate the released iron in the form of hydroxide and thereby limit the release of iron into the outflow water and consequently its residual phosphorus. This model thus allows the service life of the system to be extended, while simultaneously taking advantage of the precipitation/solubilisation cycle of the iron observed in the medium under reducing conditions.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
• C02F 9/14 - Multistep treatment of water, waste water or sewage at least one step being a biological treatment
• B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes

Abstract

A safety system for containment of explosion when servicing a tire mounted on a rim includes an enclosure capable of receiving the tire and provided with openings to allow passage of air upon tire explosion, and a support device attached to the enclosure for contacting the tire to secure thereof in a servicing position within the enclosure and without contacting the rim. The system also includes a first energy absorbing unit attached to and located within the enclosure to face a first rim side and capable of substantially absorb kinetic energy of first rim parts ejected upon tire explosion. The system further includes a second energy absorbing unit attached to and located within the enclosure to face a second rim side and capable of substantially absorb kinetic energy of second rim parts and any portion of the tire ejected upon tire explosion.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16P 1/00 - Safety devices independent of the control or operation of any machine
• B60C 25/00 - Apparatus or tools adapted for mounting, removing or inspecting tyres

Abstract

A safety system for containment of explosion when servicing a tire mounted on a rim includes an enclosure capable of receiving the tire and provided with openings to allow passage of air upon tire explosion, and a support device attached to the enclosure for contacting the tire to secure thereof in a servicing position within the enclosure and without contacting the rim. The system also includes a first energy absorbing unit attached to and located within the enclosure to face a first rim side and capable of substantially absorb kinetic energy of first rim parts ejected upon tire explosion. The system further includes a second energy absorbing unit attached to and located within the enclosure to face a second rim side and capable of substantially absorb kinetic energy of second rim parts and any portion of the tire ejected upon tire explosion.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60C 25/14 - Apparatus or tools for spreading tyre beads

Abstract

A method and system (22) for detecting and controlling the quality of debarking at the surface of a wooden log provide information on main parameters related to the debarking quality of the log surface, including fiber loss and residual bark. The debarking quality detecting method and system involve measurement of three-dimensional profile of at least a portion of the log surface to generate corresponding profile image data, which is processed to generate data indicative of the texture of the log surface. The texture data is then analyzed to generate resulting data on the debarking quality parameters. That quality indicative information can be generated on a continuous basis to provide an objective assessment of the quality performance in real-time in view of target productivity, and may then be used to perform optimal adjustments of the debarker operating parameters, either manually by the operator or automatically through feedback control.

IPC Classes  ?

• B27L 1/00 - Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logsMachines therefor
• G06T 7/40 - Analysis of texture

Abstract

A method and system for detecting and controlling the quality of debarking at the surface of a wooden log provide information on main parameters related to the debarking quality of the log surface, including fiber loss and residual bark. The debarking quality detecting method and system involve measurement of three-dimensional profile of at least a portion of the log surface to generate corresponding profile image data, which is processed to generate data indicative of the texture of the log surface. The texture data is then analyzed to generate resulting data on the debarking quality parameters. That quality indicative information can be generated on a continuous basis to provide an objective assessment of the quality performance in real-time in view of target productivity, and may then be used to perform optimal adjustments of the debarker operating parameters, either manually by the operator or automatically through feedback control.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• B27L 1/00 - Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logsMachines therefor
• B27L 1/08 - Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logsMachines therefor using rotating rings
• G01N 21/898 - Irregularities in textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. textiles, wood

Abstract

A rotary tool (11) for use with a rotary driving unit (12) for inserting a component (14,14′,14″) through a surface of a workpiece made of a material showing friction-induced plasticity such as aluminum, includes a tool body (22) having a working end (24) defining a shoulder portion (26) and a securing device (28,28′) for selectively engaging the component to impart rotation thereof in a first direction while applying an axial force of a sufficient magnitude onto the component to produce insertion thereof by plasticizing the material through friction. The shoulder portion is provided with a deburring device (34) capable of being displaced from an inoperative position upon rotation of the tool body (22) in the first rotation direction (30), to an operative position whenever the tool body is caused to rotate in an opposite direction (30′), to provide deburring of the workpiece surface.

IPC Classes  ?

• B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by frictionFriction welding
• B23P 19/00 - Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformationTools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
• B23P 23/00 - Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
• B21J 5/06 - Methods for forging, hammering, or pressingSpecial equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
• B21J 15/02 - Riveting procedures
• B21K 25/00 - Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
• B23B 51/10 - Bits for countersinking

Abstract

A sun-tracking light distributor system for use in an open-ended photo-bioreactor having an aqueous liquid for a photosynthetic culture, comprising: at least one light distributor each including a concentrator supporting section with a light entry surface adapted to receive sunlight rays, an elongated rod section with a light distribution surface adapted to redirect the received sunlight rays within the aqueous liquid, a light concentrating element provided at the light entry surface which concentrates within the elongated rod at least a portion of the sunlight rays received at the light entry surface; a displacement system operatively connected to the light distributors and adapted to change an orientation of the light entry surface of the light distributors to track a solar position.

IPC Classes  ?

• F21S 11/00 - Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
• A01G 33/00 - Cultivation of seaweed
• C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
• F24J 2/06 - having concentrating elements (optical elements or systems per seG02B)
• F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems

Abstract

A system and method for handling wicket bags involve a wicket bag holder for transporting wicket bags to a working position along a transport path, the bag holder including one or more holding devices each being operable between an open position allowing receipt of an upper tab of the wicket bag and a closed position whereby the bag is held suspended within a working zone. Also involved are one or more main gripping devices each being operable between an open position allowing receipt of a suspended wicket bag and a closed position whereby the bag is gripped to form a bag neck portion. The system and method may be used for bag filling applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• B65B 51/08 - Applying binding material, e.g. to twisted bag necks

Abstract

The present document describes a method for extracting anthocyanin derivatives from a plant source. The method comprises the step of separating a homogenized extract of plant source in a polar acidified solvent for obtaining a residual solid, and a filtrate mixed with the acidified polar solvent. The separation includes a coarse filtration done by centrifugation of the plant source extract, by a filtration with a first filter having a pore size of about 100µm, and a fine filtration is done using a second filter having a pore size of about 10µm. Then, the filtrate mixed with the acidified polar solvent is evaporated for substantially separating the acidified polar solvent from the filtrate to obtain a semi-solid extract of anthocyanin derivatives.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07H 17/06 - Benzopyran radicals
• A61K 31/352 - Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. cannabinols, methantheline
• A61K 36/45 - Ericaceae or Vacciniaceae (Heath or Blueberry family), e.g. blueberry, cranberry or bilberry
• C07D 311/62 - Benzo [b] pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulfur atoms in position 2 or 4 with aryl radicals attached in position 2 with oxygen atoms directly attached in position 3, e.g. anthocyanidins

Abstract

An optical apparatus and method for simultaneously scanning the profile of at least two adjacent surfaces of an article such as a wooden board moving along a travel path axis passing through an inspection area located at a central plane transverse to the travel path axis, involve first and second scanning zones sufficiently spaced one with another along the travel path axis to substantially prevent mutual scanning interference between the profile sensors used, while providing a compact arrangement of profile sensors. For so doing, one the first sensing field and the first laser beam of the first profile sensor is crossing the central plane toward the other one of the first sensing field and the first laser beam, and one the second sensing field and the second laser beam of the second profile sensor is crossing the central plane toward the other one of the second sensing field and the second laser beam.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01B 11/245 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using a plurality of fixed, simultaneously operating transducers

Abstract

An enclosure for an optical inspection apparatus for scanning the profile of at least one surface of an article moving along a travel path axis, which apparatus having a frame for mounting a profile sensor unit using a laser source, includes a peripheral portion connected to the frame and forming spaced apart peripheral edges defining a space in which the frame and the profile sensor unit are contained, and front end and rear end portions each having an opening aligned with the travel path axis to allow the movement of the article through the apparatus. At least one of the front and rear end portions is provided with a pair of access doors having outer closing edges adapted to mate with corresponding portions of the peripheral edges, and inner closing edges adapted to mate one with another at first portions thereof, wherein at least one of the inner closing edges is provided with a clearance at a second portion thereof to define one of the openings whenever the access doors are brought one toward another to a closing position. The second portion is provided with at least one shielding element adjacent to the clearance to confine reflections of the laser beam within the enclosure while allowing the movement of the article.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
• G01N 21/88 - Investigating the presence of flaws, defects or contamination

Abstract

The present document describes a system for thermochemical treatment of organic compounds such as biomass in the form of animal droppings comprising a feedstock reservoir, thermochemical reaction chamber having a heat source, a feeder having at least one auger, a separation chamber and a controller. The controller is coupled to the reaction chamber and/or separation chamber. The system may be used for the production of useful energetic products such as biochar, bio-oil and gases from non-condensed vapors.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
• B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
• C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only

Abstract

A system for trussing slaughtered birds comprises a conveyer provided with at least one bird holder for transporting a bird to at least one working position along the transport path of the conveyer, a bird trussing station located at the working position, which station includes a trussing module defining a working zone, and a mechanical arrangement for bringing the bird within the working zone in predetermined position and orientation relative thereto to allow for operation of the trussing module according to a trussing pattern by which a trussing element catches and maintains the bird in a trussed condition. The system further comprises a controller operatively connected to the conveyer and the bird trussing station. The system may also comprise a bird's legs crossing station located at a working position upstream the trussing station where the trussing of bird's legs is desired. The system may further comprise a bird's legs flexing station located at a working position upstream the bird's legs crossing station, to flex bird's legs sufficiently to provide relaxation thereof prior to flexion. A further trussing station for applying a further trussing element to the bird according to another pattern may also be used by the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• A22C 21/00 - Processing poultry

Abstract

A rotary tool (11) for use with a rotary driving unit (12) for inserting a component (14,14',14'') through a surface of a workpiece made of a material showing friction-induced plasticity such as aluminum, includes a tool body (22) having a working end (24) defining a shoulder portion (26) and a securing device (28,28') for selectively engaging the component to impart rotation thereof in a first direction while applying an axial force of a sufficient magnitude onto the component to produce insertion thereof by plasticizing the material through friction. The shoulder portion is provided with a deburring device (34) capable of being displaced from an inoperative position upon rotation of the tool body (22) in the first rotation direction (30), to an operative position whenever the tool body is caused to rotate in an opposite direction (30'), to provide deburring of the workpiece surface.

IPC Classes  ?

• B23P 19/00 - Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformationTools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
• B23B 47/34 - Arrangements for removing chips out of the holes madeChip-breaking arrangements attached to the tool
• B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by frictionFriction welding
• B25B 27/14 - Hand tools or bench devices, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same

Abstract

A component for use with a rotary tool and to be inserted through a surface of a workpiece made of a material showing friction-induced plasticity such as aluminum, is rotated in a first direction while an axial force of a sufficient magnitude is applied onto the component to produce insertion thereof by plasticizing the material through friction. The component includes a connection portion and an insert portion having a penetrating end defining a maximum outer diameter, and an outer surface forming at least one generally circular anchoring recess defining a minimum diameter. The connecting portion is adapted not to substantially deform upon insertion of the insert portion, and a ratio of minimum diameter and maximum diameter is between about 65% and 90%.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16B 37/06 - Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting

Abstract

A method and system for stabilizing dry-based density of wood chips from several sources feeding a chip processing stage upstream of a chip refining process, perform on-line estimation of a set of wood chip properties characterizing the wood chips, including light reflection-related property, moisture content and dry-based density, which are used by a reference model capable of comparing the estimated dry-based density with a predetermined target to produce error data, and selectively modifying discharge rate set points of one or more of the wood chip sources to minimize the error data within fluctuation limits around the target. The discharge rate of the wood chip sources is controlled in accordance with the set points to substantially stabilize the dry-based density of the wood chips.

IPC Classes  ?

• D21C 7/14 - Means for circulating the lye

Abstract

A system for trussing slaughtered birds comprises a conveyer provided with at least one bird holder for transporting a bird to at least one working position along the transport path of the conveyer, a bird trussing station located at the working position, which station includes a trussing module defining a working zone, and a mechanical arrangement for bringing the bird within the working zone in predetermined position and orientation relative thereto to allow for operation of the trussing module according to a trussing pattern by which a trussing element catches and maintains the bird in a trussed condition. The system further comprises a controller operatively connected to the conveyer and the bird trussing station. The system may also comprise a bird's legs crossing station located at a working position upstream the trussing station where the trussing of bird's legs is desired. The system may further comprise a bird's legs flexing station located at a working position upstream the bird's legs crossing station, to flex bird's legs sufficiently to provide relaxation thereof prior to flexion. A further trussing station for applying a further trussing element to the bird according to another pattern may also be used by the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• A22C 21/00 - Processing poultry
• B65B 27/00 - Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or bandBaling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for
• B65G 49/00 - Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for

Abstract

A method and apparatus for measuring size distribution of bulk matter consisted of randomly orientated granules, such as wood chips, make use of scanning the exposed surface of the granular matter to generate three-dimensional profile image data defined with respect to a three-coordinate reference system, The image data is segmented to reveal regions associated with distinct granules, and values of the size-related parameter for the revealed regions are estimated. Then, a geometric correction to each ones of estimated size-related parameter values is applied, to compensate for the random orientation of corresponding distinct granules. Finally, the size distribution of bulk matter is statistically estimated from the corrected size-related parameter values.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints

Abstract

An apparatus and method for scanning a surface of an article moving along a travel path axis provide a compact sensor configuration. A first sensor unit has a first sensing field transversely directed toward the travel path axis and defining a first scanning zone. A second sensor unit has a second sensing field transversely directed toward the travel path axis and defining a second scanning zone. The first and second sensing fields are crossing one with another at a location sufficiently remote from the first and second scanning zones so as to not adversely affect the generation of sensor output data, while providing a compact arrangement of sensor units.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/86 - Investigating moving sheets

Abstract

A system and method for optimizing a process for refining lignocellulosic granular matter such as wood chips use a predictive model including a simulation model based on relations involving a plurality of matter properties characterizing the matter such as moisture content, density, light reflection or granular matter size, refining process operating parameters such as transfer screw speed, dilution flow, hydraulic pressure, plate gaps, or retention delays, at least one output controlled to a target such as primary motor load or pulp freeness, and at least one uncontrolled output such as specific energy consumption, energy split, long fibers, fines and shives. An adaptor is fed with measured values of matter properties and measured values of controlled and uncontrolled outputs, to adapt the simulation model accordingly. An optimizer generates a value of the target according to a predetermined condition on a predicted uncontrolled output parameter and to one or more process constraints.

IPC Classes  ?

• D21C 7/12 - Devices for regulating or controlling

Abstract

2.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 3/00 - Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

A method and apparatus for measuring size distribution of bulk matter consisted of randomly orientated granules, such as wood chips, make use of scanning the exposed surface of the granular matter to generate three-dimensional profile image data defined with respect to a three-coordinate reference system, The image data is segmented to reveal regions associated with distinct granules, and values of the size-related parameter for the revealed regions are estimated. Then, a geometric correction to each ones of estimated size-related parameter values is applied, to compensate for the random orientation of corresponding distinct granules. Finally, the size distribution of bulk matter is statistically estimated from the corrected size-related parameter values.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01B 21/00 - Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
• G01B 11/245 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using a plurality of fixed, simultaneously operating transducers
• G01B 21/20 - Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
• G01B 21/28 - Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring areas

Abstract

A camera calibrating apparatus uses a calibration target in combination with a laser source generating a laser beam defining a calibration plane and intersecting the camera field of view to define an object imaging area. The calibration target includes a frame defining a coplanar arrangement of more than five reference points having known position coordinates within an object reference system. The frame is disposed in a camera calibration position wherein the coplanar arrangement of reference points is substantially parallel to the calibration plane. The target includes an arrangement of light reflecting members protruding from the arrangement of reference points in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto so as to extend within the object imaging area, to allow the camera to capture an image formed by illuminated portions of the light reflecting members. The apparatus further includes image processor means programmed on the basis a calibrated camera model to associate any position coordinates in the object reference system with corresponding position coordinates in an image reference system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04N 17/02 - Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details for colour television signals

Abstract

A system and method for optimizing a process for refining lignocellulosic granular matter such as wood chips use a predictive model including a simulation model based on relations involving a plurality of matter properties characterizing the matter such as moisture content, density, light reflection or granular matter size, refining process operating parameters such as transfer screw speed, dilution flow, hydraulic pressure, plate gaps, or retention delays, at least one output controlled to a target such as primary motor load or pulp freeness, and at least one uncontrolled output such as specific energy consumption, energy split, long fibers, fines and shives. An adaptor is fed with measured values of matter properties and measured values of controlled and uncontrolled outputs, to adapt the simulation model accordingly. An optimizer generates a value of the target according to a predetermined condition on a predicted uncontrolled output parameter and to one or more process constraints.

IPC Classes  ?

• D21B 1/12 - Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods by the use of steam
• D21D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Abstract

2-containing gas moves upwardly therein. The biofilter comprises a gas collector to capture at least a portion of the gas moving upwardly therein to mitigate the problem of biofilter clogging due to a microbial seal at the surface of the uppermost filtering layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• C02F 3/30 - Aerobic and anaerobic processes

Abstract

A method and system for monitoring the quality of log cutting either off-line or in real-time is based on optical measurement of half-squared or full-squared cants characteristics as produced at primary or secondary cutting stage, so as to increase the proportion of high-value wood pieces that can be recovered from full squared-cants produced at the sawing stage. The log is fed lengthwise to a primary cutting station (canter) capable of producing the first pair of opposing cut faces, while guiding the log substantially in a direction of the machine axis. The profile of the peripheral log surface at a plurality of cross-sections along the machine axis is measured to generate corresponding post-cut profile data, from which an estimation of log raw profile characteristics is made, to generate corresponding raw profile data. Then, from post-cut and raw profile data, resulting data on at least one parameter related to the cutting quality of the log. The proposed monitoring system and method provide accurate control of target dimensions, while optimizing the adjustment of other quality related parameters such as faces parallelism and cant centering, as well as to measure the level of some surface defects generated at cutting such as knife marks, stripping and roughness, in order to obtain a more complete performance diagnostic.

IPC Classes  ?

• B23Q 15/00 - Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work

Abstract

A camera calibrating apparatus uses a calibration target in combination with a laser source generating a laser beam defining a calibration plane and intersecting the camera field of view to define an object imaging area. The calibration target includes a frame defining a coplanar arrangement of reference points having known position coordinates within an object reference system. The frame is disposed in a camera calibration position wherein the coplanar arrangement of reference points is substantially parallel to the calibration plane. The target includes an arrangement of light reflecting members protruding from the arrangement of reference points in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto, each said member having a light reflecting surface substantially parallel to said direction so as to extend within the object imaging area, to allow the camera to capture an image formed by illuminated portions of the light reflecting members. The apparatus further includes image processor means programmed on the basis a calibrated camera model to associate any position coordinates in the object reference system with corresponding position coordinates in an image reference system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04N 17/02 - Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details for colour television signals

Goods & Services

(1) Activités de normalisation et de certification. Les activités de normalisation consistent en l'élaboration de normes consensuelles et les activités de certification consistent à certifier, accepter ou attester qu'un produit, un service ou un processus rencontre les exigences d'une norme.

Goods & Services

(1) Services de collection et diffusion d'information de données techniques et industrielles sur les entreprises et les produits québécois sous différentes formes (publications, microformes, banques informatisées, etc.)

Goods & Services

(1) La recherche en sciences appliquées effectuée soit dans ses propres laboratoires, soit dans ceux d'autres centres de recherche; la mise au point de produits, procédés et appareils industriels ou scientifiques; la collection et la diffusion de l'information et de renseignements d'ordre technologique et industriel.

Goods & Services

(1) Collection et diffusion d'information de donnée techniques et industrielles sur les entreprises et les produits québecois sous différentes formes (publications, microformes, banques informatisée).

Goods & Services

(1) La recherche en science appliquées effectuée soit dans ses propres laboratoires, soit dans ceux d'autres centres de recherche; la mise au point de produits, procédés et appareils industriels au scientifiques; la collection et la diffusion de l'information et de reseignements d'ordre technologique et industriel.

Abstract

A sun-tracking light distributor for a photosynthetic culture in an aqueous liquid, comprising: two light distribution walls made of a transparent material, creating an elongated V-shaped channel adapted to receive the sunlight and to be partly immersed in the aqueous liquid, the sun-tracking light distributor has a center of buoyancy, a vertical passing through the center of buoyancy defines an axis of flotation, and a pivot axis of the sun-tracking light distributor is offset relative to the axis of flotation. Owing to the offset pivot axis, the orientation of the light distributor is changed by varying the level of aqueous liquid, thus allowing a tracking of the sun's altitude.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01G 7/00 - Botany in general

Abstract

A method and system for detecting and controlling the quality of debarking at the surface of a wooden log provide information on main parameters related to the debarking quality of the log surface, including fiber loss and residual bark, The debarking quality detecting method and system involve measurement of three-dimensional profile of at least a portion of the log surface to generate corresponding profile image data, which is processed to generate data indicative of the texture of the log surface. The texture data is then analyzed to generate resulting data on the debarking quality parameters. That quality indicative information can be generated on a continuous basis to provide an objective assessment of the quality performance in real-time in view of target productivity, and may then be used to perform optimal adjustments of the debarker operating parameters, either manually by the operator or automatically through feedback control.

IPC Classes  ?

• B27L 1/00 - Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logsMachines therefor
• G01B 21/30 - Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
• G01N 21/952 - Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
• G06T 7/40 - Analysis of texture

Abstract

A safety system for containment of explosion when servicing a tire mounted on a rim includes an enclosure capable of receiving the tire and provided with openings to allow passage of air upon tire explosion, and a support device attached to the enclosure for contacting the tire to secure thereof in a servicing position within the enclosure and without contacting the rim. The system also includes a first energy absorbing unit attached to and located within the enclosure to face a first rim side and capable of substantially absorb kinetic energy of first rim parts ejected upon tire explosion. The system further includes a second energy absorbing unit attached to and located within the enclosure to face a second rim side and capable of substantially absorb kinetic energy of second rim parts and any portion of the tire ejected upon tire explosion.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60C 25/00 - Apparatus or tools adapted for mounting, removing or inspecting tyres
• F16P 1/00 - Safety devices independent of the control or operation of any machine

Abstract

A sun-tracking light distributor system for use in an open-ended photo- bioreactor having an aqueous liquid for a photosynthetic culture, comprising: at least one light distributor each including a concentrator supporting section with a light entry surface adapted to receive sunlight rays, an elongated rod section with a light distribution surface adapted to redirect the received sunlight rays within the aqueous liquid, a light concentrating element provided at the light entry surface which concentrates within the elongated rod at least a portion of the sunlight rays received at the light entry surface; a displacement system operatively connected to the light distributors and adapted to change an orientation of the light entry surface of the light distributors to track a solar position.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
• C12M 1/36 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology including condition or time responsive control, e.g. automatically controlled fermentors
• C12M 1/42 - Apparatus for the treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic wave
• C12N 1/12 - Unicellular algaeCulture media therefor
• C12N 1/20 - BacteriaCulture media therefor
• G02B 7/00 - Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements