Abstract

Preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise the optional application of concentrations of an aqueous permanganate solution, such as an approximately 0.01% to approximately 50% liquid permanganate solution and preferably comprising approximately 20% sodium permanganate dosed at approximately 1 ppm to approximately 100 ppm to harvested sugar crops, such as sugarcane, sugar beets, and sweet sorghum, at one or more of the sugar processing steps for the crops. The steps where the liquid sodium permanganate may optionally be applied include at a sugar crop cutting step, a sugar crop conveying step, a sugar juice extraction step, a sugar juice clarifying step, and a clarifier muds filtration step. The application of liquid sodium permanganate in the processing of sugar from sugar crops results in reduced equipment fouling, reduced loss in juice purity, reduced scale formation, decreased turbidity in clarified juices, increased sugarcane processing rates, reduced sugar crop production costs, increased sugar product yield, and increased production capacity.

IPC Classes  ?

• C13B 5/08 - KnivesAdjustment or maintenance thereof
• C13B 10/02 - Expressing juice from sugar cane or similar material, e.g. sorghum saccharatum
• C13B 10/14 - Production of sugar juices using extracting agents other than water, e.g. alcohol or salt solutions
• C13B 20/00 - Purification of sugar juices
• C13B 20/08 - Purification of sugar juices by oxidation or reduction

Abstract

There is provided according to the present invention a sustained release reactant blend and methods for making the sustained release reactant blends. There is further provided methods for using such blends in the in situ or ex situ remediation of contaminated groundwater and in the treatment of water and wastewater. There is further provided, according to the present invention, methods for controllably coating reactant blends whereby such coated blends exhibit sustained release properties and have an open structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• B09B 1/00 - Dumping solid waste

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a modified hydrous manganese oxide particle for use as a sorbent for the removal of mercury from a fluid. The modified hydrous manganese oxide particle in one embodiment incorporates sulfur into the manganese oxide matrix. In a further embodiment, the modified hydrous manganese oxide particle of the present invention incorporates a halogen into the matrix of the manganese oxide. In a still further embodiment, the hydrous manganese oxide particle incorporates a transition metal into the matrix of the manganese oxide.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 45/02 - Oxides